AU2020103368A4 - Method for preparing humus substitute in hepialus armoricanus breeding process - Google Patents
Method for preparing humus substitute in hepialus armoricanus breeding process Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020103368A4 AU2020103368A4 AU2020103368A AU2020103368A AU2020103368A4 AU 2020103368 A4 AU2020103368 A4 AU 2020103368A4 AU 2020103368 A AU2020103368 A AU 2020103368A AU 2020103368 A AU2020103368 A AU 2020103368A AU 2020103368 A4 AU2020103368 A4 AU 2020103368A4
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- humus
- substitute
- feeding
- hepialus armoricanus
- hepialus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000330896 Thitarodes armoricanus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000330899 Hepialus Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/70—Invertebrates
- A01K2227/706—Insects, e.g. Drosophila melanogaster, medfly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for preparing a humus substitute in a
Hepialus armoricanus breeding process, including the following steps: Si: taking
coco coir crushed from coconut shells as feeding substrates; S2: packing the feeding
substrates in small bags, wherein the dry weight of the coco coir in each small bag
does not exceed 1 kg; S3: performing pasteurization or high-temperature sterilization
on the feeding substrate per bag; and S4: adding sterilized distilled water according to
120-150% of the dry weight of the feeding substrate, and uniformly stirring the
substrate, thereby forming the humus substitute. Due to the single composition, the
humus substitute prepared in the present invention is excellent in sterilization effect.
Moreover, the humus substitute avoids breeding excessive infectious microbes and is
beneficial for the health of Hepialus armoricanus larvae. The humus substitute is
loose in texture, and convenient to check growth situations of the larvae midway. The
humus substitute is simple in preparation method, can be repeatedly utilized, can
provide an excellent environmental medium for the Hepialus armoricanus larvae, is
low in cost, and avoids the risk that the existing humus brings various microbes which
cause diseases to the Hepialus armoricanus.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for preparing a humus substitute in a Hepialus armoricanus breeding process, and belongs to the field of Hepialus armoricanusbreeding.
BACKGROUND Ophiocordyceps sinensis only grows in alpine and subalpine meadow land zones in Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai in China, and the altitude of these producing areas is only limited to about 3500-5000 meters. Since the Ophiocordyceps sinensis has not been artificially cultivated at present, yield of the Ophiocordyceps sinensis completely depends on wild picking. Because of a huge imbalance between supply and demand, price of the Ophiocordyceps sinensis has been increased in recent years. In recent years, its retail price is up to 200000-600000 Yuan per kg in the market, which triggers more rampant private picking and digging. Since lots of overturned turf may be reserved after digging, and soil layers in plateau meadows are very lean, the plateau meadows are extremely difficult to recover; exposed gravel layers are formed after damage of the turf; and alpine desert is further formed under the action of other natural factors. Therefore, the plateau meadows are greatly destroyed due to unordered artificial digging. Although fully artificially cultivated Ophiocordyceps sinensis has not already entered a commercialization stage, it has made some progress. Continuous and stable supply of Hepialus armoricanus larvae is one of the basic premises of artificially breeding the Ophiocordyceps sinensis. The Hepialus armoricanus larvae live in the soil under natural conditions. To simulate a wild environment in the breeding process, soil (humus) in a source area of the Hepialus armoricanus larvae generally needs to serve as a living substrate of the Hepialus armoricanus larvae. However, cost of excavating and transporting the soil is high. Moreover, the soil itself is a substance that is diversified in components and rich in nutrition, and easily brings various microbes which cause diseases to the Hepialus armoricanus.
DESCRIPTION SUMMARY A purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a humus substitute in a Hepialus armoricanus breeding process, so as to mainly solve the problems that the existing humus is high in cost and Hepialus armoricanus is susceptible. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The method for preparing the humus substitute in the Hepialus armoricanus breeding process mainly includes the following steps: Si: taking coco coir crushed from coconut shells as feeding substrates; S2: packing the feeding substrates in bags; S3: performing pasteurization or high-temperature sterilization on the feeding substrate per bag; S4: adding sterilized distilled water according to 120-150% of the dry weight of the feeding substrate; uniformly stirring the substrate to meet requirements of "kneading into dough and shaking away immediately"; forming a humus substitute; and placing the humus substitute in a feeding container to be used for breeding Hepialus armoricanuslarvae. The dosage and other feeding conditions during feeding are determined by an actual feeding process, and may be consistent with those in an existing breeding method. Preferably, lengths and widths of coco coir granules are within 5 mm, preferably 2-5 mm; the granules of more than 5 mm are removed; and granules of less than 2 mm are mixed with granules of 2-5 mm according to a mass ratio of not higher than 20%. Preferably, the weight of the coco coir per bag does not exceed 1 kg, preferably 0.5-1 kg, to ensure the best sterilization effect. Further, during pasteurization, sterilization time is 8-12 h; and during high temperature sterilization, sterilization time is 2-4 h, and the temperature is above 120°C.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects as follows: (1) In the present invention, since the coco coir serves as the feeding substrates and is treated by a specific method to replace the existing humus, and the composition is single, the sterilization effect is excellent, and excessive infectious microbes are
DESCRIPTION difficult to grow, thereby bringing benefits to the health of the Hepialus armoricanus larvae. (2) The humus substitute prepared in the present invention has the characteristics of "kneading into dough and shaking away immediately", is loose in texture, and brings convenience to midway check of growth situations of the larvae compared with the existing humus. (3) The humus substitute in the present invention is simple in preparation method and cheaper than the existing humus, can be repeatedly utilized, can provide physical media needed by growth of the Hepialus armoricanuslarvae, avoids high cost caused by excavation and transportation of the existing humus soil, and also avoids the risk that the existing humus brings various microbes which cause diseases to the Hepialus armoricanus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention will be further described below in combination with embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited to the following embodiments. Embodiment 1 A method for preparing a humus substitute in a Hepialus armoricanusbreeding process mainly includes the following steps: Sl: coco coir crushed from coconut shells served as feeding substrates, wherein lengths and widths of coco coir granules were within 2-5 mm; S2: stones and other impurities having a diameter of more than 5 mm were removed manually or by wind; the feeding substrates were packed in small bags at the weight of about 500 g per bag; and if the capacity of each bag was too high, a sterilization effect was easily decreased; S3: pasteurization or high-temperature sterilization was performed on the feeding substrate per bag; S4: sterilized distilled water was added according to 120-150% of the dry weight of the feeding substrate; the substrate was uniformly stirred to meet requirements of "kneading into dough and shaking away immediately"; a humus substitute was formed and placed in a feeding container to be used for breeding Hepialus armoricanuslarvae. The feeding container may be a plastic case or a glass container; and the dosage and
DESCRIPTION other feeding conditions during feeding were determined by an actual feeding process, and may be consistent with those in an existing breeding method. In actual applications, the coconut shells can be automatically crushed, or coco coir that meets conditions is purchased; coco coir granules having lengths and widths of less than 2 mm produced by crushing can also serve as substitute media; and the humus substitute prepared by adding the sterilized distilled water is not as excellent as the humus substitute prepared by the coco coir granules having lengths and widths of 2-5 mm. Since density and permeability of the humus substitute formed by the coco coir granules of 2-5 mm are the most suitable for the Hepialus armoricanus larvae, the soil is conveniently overturned and checked midway. However, in the actual applications, the coco coir granules having the lengths and widths of less than 2 mm can be mixed with the coco coir granules of 2-5 mm according to a mass ratio of not higher than 20%. In the present embodiment, the pasteurization is adopted, and sterilization time is 8-12 h. The coco coir subjected to the above treatment can replace the humus in the source area and can serve as the feeding substrate of the Hepialus armoricanuslarvae, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 Number of Average Average weight Average Substrate type surviving larvae survival (g) weight (g) (120d) rate Container 1 Humus (existing) 25 1.78 Container 2 Humus (existing) 25 82.2% 1.8 1.84 Container 3 Humus (existing) 24 1.95 Coco coir (the Container 4 25 1.81 present invention) Coco coir (the Container 5 24 80% 1.79 1.85 present invention) Coco coir (the Container 6 23 1.96 present invention)
Through tests and comparison, under the condition that the feeding conditions and the feed are the same, the survival rate and the average weight of 30 larvae after 120 d have no significant difference. In other words, the treated coco coir can
DESCRIPTION completely substitute the humus to serve as the feeding substrate. Moreover, results of multiple tests prove that, through the use of the humus substitute in the present invention, the survival rate of the Hepialus armoricanuslarvae can be more than 80%. Embodiment 2 Differences between the method for preparing the humus substitute in the Hepialus armoricanus breeding process and embodiment 1 are as follows: in the present embodiment, high-temperature sterilization is adopted; sterilization time is 2-4 h; and a temperature is above 120°C.
The present invention can be well realized in accordance with the above embodiments. It is worth mentioning that, based on the above structural design, to solve the same technical problem, even if some insubstantial changes or modifications are made to the present invention, the adopted technical solutions are still substantially the same as the present invention and thus shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- CLAIMS 1. A method for preparing a humus substitute in a Hepialus armoricanus breeding process, mainly comprising the following steps: SI: taking coco coir as feeding substrates; S2: packing the feeding substrates in bags; S3: performing pasteurization or high-temperature sterilization on the feeding substrate per bag; S4: adding sterilized distilled water according to 120-150% of the dry weight of the feeding substrate, and uniformly stirring the substrate, thereby forming the humus substitute.
- 2. The method for preparing the humus substitute in the Hepialus armoricanus breeding process according to claim 1, wherein lengths and widths of coco coir granules are within 5 mm.
- 3. The method for preparing the humus substitute in the Hepialus armoricanus breeding process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, weight of the coco coir perbag doesnotexceed 1kg.
- 4. The method for preparing the humus substitute in the Hepialus armoricanus breeding process according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein during pasteurization, sterilization time is 8-12 h; and during high-temperature sterilization, sterilization time is 2-4 h, and the temperature is above 120°C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020103368A AU2020103368A4 (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Method for preparing humus substitute in hepialus armoricanus breeding process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020103368A AU2020103368A4 (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Method for preparing humus substitute in hepialus armoricanus breeding process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2020103368A4 true AU2020103368A4 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
Family
ID=74341017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020103368A Ceased AU2020103368A4 (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Method for preparing humus substitute in hepialus armoricanus breeding process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2020103368A4 (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-11-10 AU AU2020103368A patent/AU2020103368A4/en not_active Ceased
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |