AU2005226345A1

AU2005226345A1 - Process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus

Info

Publication number: AU2005226345A1
Application number: AU2005226345A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Joji Takase
Original assignee: Nishimura Gumi Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nishimura Gumi Co Ltd
Priority date: 2004-03-26
Filing date: 2005-03-24
Publication date: 2005-10-06
Anticipated expiration: 2025-03-24
Also published as: TW200531932A; BRPI0506172A; CN1771315A; JP2007075659A; WO2005093013A1; AU2005226345B2; JP3613567B1

Description

PUBLISHED SPECIFICATION VERIFICATION OF TRANSLATION HATTORI Hiroshi I .................................... ................................ of Pahmu Tsuri Tsukisamu Higashi 303, Tsukisamu-higashi ......... ..... . . . . . . . ......... ............. ........................... . . . 2-jo 1-chome 4-13, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan ...........°°° .........................................................

°° declare as follows: 1. That I am well acquainted with both the English and Japanese languages, and 2. That the attached document is a true and correct translation made by me to the best of my knowledge and belief of: (a) The specification of International Bureau pamphlet numbered WO 2005/093013 International Application No. PCT/JP2005/005326 Ho. rosb k H otor-(' (Date) (Signature of Translator) (No witness required) [R:\LIBW]47681.doc:STL Specification PROCESS FOR FUEL PRODUTION AND FUEL PRODUTION APPARATUS Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates generally to a technology to change properties of wastes for efficient recycling, and more particularly to process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus which are suitable for use in converting and treating wastes with a high water content such as garbage, sludge, remainder of fish, dung and urine for use as a fuel for gasification power generation. Background Art [0002] Various conventional techniques have been proposed to treat wastes such as garbage and sewage sludge for recycling. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-047409 discloses a raw material processing method to treat raw materials such as remainder of food, wood shavings and paper scraps into feed or fertilizer. According to this invention, raw materials like remainder of food are fed to a treating kettle, and thereafter the temperature within this treating kettle is maintained by saturated steam which is introduced in a prescribed range to agitate the raw materials. When the pressure within the treating kettle reaches a prescribed level, the steam will be released, and agitating said raw materials causes hydrolysis, pyrolysis, drying and carbonization, leading to the production of feed or fertilizer. Disclosure of the invention Problems to be resolved by the invention [0004] However, with an exclusive focus on the conversion of raw materials like remainder of food, wood shavings and paper scraps into feed or fertilizer without generating hazardous substances, the invention in the Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-047409 is unable to assuredly provide optimal treating conditions for the use of materials other than feed and fertilizer. In fact, proper treating conditions vary according to properties of a waste to be treated, and more particularly, high-temperature or high-pressure treatment, which significantly changes material properties, must be performed in an individual and specific manner in view of the objective of recycling and type of material to be treated. [0005] Preferably, waste materials to be treated for recycling require properties with higher added values, in addition to harmless attributes thereof. In consideration of recycling costs as well, a practical treatment is required to conform to a specifically intended use.

[0006] Meanwhile, to efficiently recover energy from a waste like biomass, gasification power generation technology has been recently proposed to gasify a waste by pyrolysis and produce electricity by means of generated thermal decomposition gas serving as a heat source. This gasification power generation technology supplies the waste fed to gasification furnace with a gasifying agent composed of oxygen and steam to heat and gasify the waste. Nevertheless, when a high humidity material such as garbage or sewage sludge is converted into fuel, its high water content of over 80% cannot achieve pyrolytical decomposition of the waste, thereby generating insufficient volume of thermal decomposition gas. [0007] It is, therefore, one object of the present invention to solve the aforementioned problems by providing process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus which can convert wastes into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation in which wastes even having a high water content are quickly treated and the water content is reduced with a smaller loss of calorific value, as well as generating no hazardous substances such as dioxin and removing harmful materials to produce fertilizers. Means for solving the problem [0008] The process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto garbage fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained ranging from 1.50 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 185 to 215 degrees, respectively for 30 to 50 minutes, and bonded molecules of the garbage are separated to atomize the waste. It is more desirable that to obtain more efficient and practical material properties, the pressure within said treatment vessel ranges from 1.82 to 1.90MPa and the temperature within said treatment vessel ranges from 208 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 30 to 35 minutes. [0009] The process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are further characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto sewage sludge fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained, ranging from 1.75 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 160 to 210 degrees, respectively, for 55 to 60 minutes, and bonded molecules of the sewage sludge are separated to atomize the waste. It is more desirable that to obtain more efficient and practical material properties, the pressure within said treatment vessel ranges from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and the temperature within said treatment vessel ranges from 200 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively, for 55 to 60 minutes. [0010] Moreover, the process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto remainder of fish fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained, ranging from 1.65 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 180 to 210 degrees, respectively, for 45 to 90 minutes, and bonded molecules of the remainder of fish are separated to atomize the waste. It is more desirable that to obtain more efficient and practical material properties, the pressure within said treatment vessel ranges from 1.75 to 1.80MPa and the temperature within said treatment vessel ranges from 200 to 206 degrees Celsius, respectively, for 55 to 60 minutes. [0011] Additionally, the process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto livestock excretion fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained, ranging from 1.60 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 180 to 215 degrees, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes, and bonded molecules of the livestock excretion are separated to atomize the waste. It is more desirable that to obtain more efficient and practical material properties, the pressure within said treatment vessel ranges from 1.70 to 1.75MPa and the temperature within said treatment vessel ranges from 205 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively, for 35 to 45 minutes. [0012] The process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are further characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto squid liver (squid internal organs) fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained, ranging from 1.60 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 165 to 205 degrees, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes, and bonded molecules of the squid liver (squid internal organs) are separated to atomize the waste. It is more desirable that to obtain more efficient and practical material properties, the pressure within said treatment vessel ranges from 1.70 to 1.86MPa and the temperature within said treatment vessel ranges from 172 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively, for 50 to 65 minutes. [0013] Also, the process for fuel production and fuel production apparatus of the present invention are characterized by the production of fuel in which high-pressure steam is injected onto scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) fed to a treatment vessel, the pressure and the temperature within said treatment vessel are maintained, ranging from 1.75 to 1.88MPa and ranging from 172 to 204 degrees, respectively, for 55 to 65 minutes, and bonded molecules of the scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) are separated to atomize the waste. Advantageous effect of the invention [0014] Accordingly, it is, of course, that this invention can convert wastes into materials suitable for use as general fuel and fuel for gasification power generation as well in which wastes even having a high water content are quickly treated and the water content is reduced with a smaller loss of calorific value, as well as generating no hazardous substances such as dioxin and removing internal harmful materials. Best mode for carrying out the invention [0015] A preferred embodiment of a fuel production apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [0016] Figure 1 is a pattern diagram of this embodiment illustrating a fuel production apparatus 1. The fuel production apparatus 1 of this embodiment essentially comprises a treatment vessel 2 for accommodating and treating each of high humidity wastes, agitating means 3 for agitating the waste fed to this treatment vessel 2, steam injecting means 4 for injecting high-pressure steam onto the high humidity waste within the treatment vessel 2, pressure regulating means 5 for adjusting the pressure within the treatment vessel 2, and control means 6 for controlling said agitating means 3, said steam injecting means 4 and said pressure regulating means 5. The high humidity wastes of this embodiment to be treated include wastes with a high water content and difficulties of converting into fuel for gasification power generation, such as garbage, sewage sludge, remainder of fish, livestock excretion, squid liver (a.k.a. squid internal organs) and scallop mid-gut gland (a.k.a. scallop entrails). [0017] Here, each component of the fuel production apparatus 1 in this embodiment will be described in further detail. The treatment vessel 2 is a Class A pressure vessel with pressure resistance to treat the high humidity waste therein. The treatment vessel 2 is provided with a charge port 21 and a discharge port 22 for the high humidity waste on the upper and lower positions thereof, respectively. The charge port 21 and the discharge port 22 are designed in a sealed structure having a packing to resist a state of high temperature and pressure within the treatment vessel 2 for treating the high humidity waste. In consideration of operational safety, the charge port 21 and the discharge port 22 have a system control by which a switching operation cannot be performed until the pressure within the treatment vessel 2 reaches 0.015MPa or under. Moreover, the treatment vessel 2 includes an upper temperature sensor 23a, a lower temperature sensor 23b and a pressure sensor 24 to detect the temperature and pressure within the treatment vessel 2. [0018] Next, the agitating means 3 thoroughly pressurizes and heats the entire high humidity waste being fed. This agitating means 3 comprises a horizontal rotating shaft 31, and an agitating vane 32 which is rotatably supported by the horizontal rotating shaft 31 in the longitudinal direction within the treatment vessel 2, mounted on this horizontal rotating shaft 31 and slanted forward relative to a vertical plane thereof. Additionally, there is provided a drive motor 33 connecting to the horizontal rotating shaft 31 to achieve normal and reverse rotation thereof. The agitating means 3, extending from the charge port 21 to the discharge port 22, gradually transfers the high humidity waste which is fed to the treatment vessel 2 as the

A

material is agitated. On the other hand, the drive motor 33 can control the number of revolutions and rotation direction by means of inverter control and provide the high humidity waste with a reciprocating motion within the treatment vessel 2 until the material is converted into a material suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation if required. [0019] The steam injecting means 4 includes a boiler 41 which generates high-pressure steam and an air feed pipe 42 which feeds the steam generated in this boiler 41 to the treatment vessel 2. The steam pressure in the boiler 41 is maintained at a constant level and the pressure within the treatment vessel 2 is adjusted by the high-pressure steam injection amount. Being determined by this high-pressure steam pressure, the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 is maintained at a high value. The air feed pipe 42, which is positioned above the horizontal rotating shaft 31, is connected to the treatment vessel 2 in a nearly horizontal direction. Obviously, this design can obtain a high processing efficiency due to the most preferable high-pressure steam injection into the high humidity waste, just before no external pressure is given on the high humidity waste accumulated within the treatment vessel 2 or the materials floating by the agitation fall on one after another. [0020] The pressure regulating means 5 comprises a pressure regulating valve 51 which can open and close by means of electric control, and an exhaust pipe 52 which releases the steam within the treatment vessel 2 via this pressure regulating valve 51. If the pressure within the treatment vessel 2 exceeds a predetermined value, the pressure regulating valve 51 will open and the steam within the treatment vessel 2 will be released to maintain a desired pressure level. Also, the exhaust pipe 52 is connected to a cooling system 8 via a silencer 7 to cool and liquefy the steam transported from the treatment vessel 2, which will be distributed to a waste water disposal plant 9. Additionally, by incorporating the silencer 7 into the fuel production apparatus to meet noise-control regulations, this type of plant can be constructed in the urban district. [0021] The control means 6 is electrically connected to and controls the agitating means 3, the steam injecting means 4 and the pressure regulating means 5. This control means 6 controls the rotation direction and number of revolutions for the drive motor 33 to regulate the agitation and transferring time for the high humidity waste within the treatment vessel 2. Furthermore, the control means 6 controls the steam injection amount determined by the steam injecting means 4 in such a manner that the treatment pressure is maintained for a certain period of time to convert the high humidity waste within the treatment vessel 2 into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation. If the temperature or pressure within the treatment vessel 2 declines, the temperature or pressure will be increased by raising the high-pressure steam injection amount by the steam injecting means 4. Conversely, the increase in the temperature or pressure within the treatment vessel 2 will be compensated by the release of high-pressure steam by opening the pressure regulating valve 51 of the pressure regulating means 5. The control means 6 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor 23a, a temperature sensor 23b and a pressure sensor 24 within the treatment vessel 2, which, based on these detection results, will feed-back control the temperature and pressure within the treatment vessel 2 for keeping these measures at predetermined values. [0022] Next, a process for fuel production according the fuel production apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described. [0023] Firstly, the high humidity waste is fed to the charge port 21 leading to the treatment vessel 2. Preferably in this operation, a moisture adjusting material originated from chaff is mixed with said waste. The moisture adjusting material is obtained by processing chaff, using the fuel production apparatus 1 of this embodiment, and more particularly, by mixing the chaff with slaked lime or pulverized scallop shells under pressure of 1.45 to 1.96MPa, and more preferably,' 1.65 to 1.85MPa for 5 to 30 minutes. The material originated from the chaff treated in this manner is as soft as cotton. The mixture of this chaff-origin moisture adjusting material can achieve safe adjustment for water content of treated materials without using expensive materials like sawdust. [0024] Then, as for each of the high humidity wastes being fed, the pressure within the treatment vessel, the time for holding the set pressure, the agitating time, and the temperature within the vessel determined by the set pressure are set for the control means 6 beforehand. In this case, the set pressure within the treatment vessel is required by each of the high humidity wastes to be converted into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation. Also, the pressure holding time is given sufficiently long so as to start hydrolysis of the high humidity waste, and the agitating time is set as the duration sufficient for completing the conversion of the high humidity waste. The temperature within the vessel is the temperature determined by a theoretical steam pressure. [0025] As the high humidity waste being fed to the treatment vessel 2 is highly agitated by means of the agitating vane 32, the materials are gradually transferred toward the discharge port 22. In case of an incomplete one-cycle transportation of the waste due to its large amount, the drive motor 33 is reversely rotated to transport the materials toward the charge port 21 in a reciprocating motion, thereby obtaining a sufficient agitating time even in a small treatment vessel 2. [0026] During the agitation, high-pressure steam is injected to the treatment vessel 2 from the air feed pipe 42 which is placed above the horizontal rotating shaft 31. Therefore, when the high humidity waste is dispersed over the horizontal rotating shaft 31 by the agitation according to the agitating means 3, high-pressure steam is injected to the high humidity waste in an efficient manner. Thus, the heating caused by the steam pressure rise and the steam hydrolysis are encouraged to compress the high humidity waste. [0027] In addition, as the high humidity waste is agitated, the control means 6 controls the steam injecting means 4 and the pressure regulating means 5 in such a manner that the temperature or pressure within the treatment vessel 2 is maintained at a predetermined value, based on the detected values in the temperature sensor 23a, the temperature sensor 23b and the pressure sensor 24. [0028] After the set pressure holding time elapses, the control means 6 will control the steam injecting means 4 to stop steam injection, while controlling the pressure regulating means 5 to open the pressure regulating valve 51. Then, the high-pressure steam within the treatment vessel 2 is released via the exhaust pipe 52 to reduce the pressure within the treatment vessel 2. The above-mentioned treatment causes bonded molecules of the high humidity waste to be separated and decomposed, thereby providing the materials with property changes such as initial carbonization and atomization. In this initial carbonization, the high humidity waste doesn't lose much heat quantity originally therein. Due to the condensation of moisture in the high humidity waste by pressure decline and its resulting discharge, the water content will be reduced. The subsequent molecular-level decomposition of a material such as vegetables or fish meat can facilitate water release due to its destroyed cell walls and cell membranes. The remaining moisture will evaporate only if the material is left unattended for a certain period of time. This treated waste can be highly useful fertilizer material, which also serves as a material used for preparation process in a gasification power generation apparatus. The treated high humidity waste is delivered to and discharged from the discharge port 22, and the waste water is sent to the waste water disposal plant 9 to be purified. [0029] Secondly, specific examples of this embodiment will be described. In each of the following examples, an experiment is performed to find out the conditions for converting the high humidity waste into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by a short-time treatment. By changing the pressure and temperature within the treatment vessel 2 and the pressure holding time in each experiment, the results of each of the high humidity wastes were examined. Figure 2 shows the treating conditions and results. Figures 3 to 16 show digital photographic images of material shapes prior to and after each treatment. [0030] Each experiment in the examples employs the treatment vessel 2 with a volume of 3000 liter, with the vessel temperature maintained at around 200 degrees of Celsius determined by a theoretical steam pressure and a high humidity waste filing ranging from 65% to 95%. In order to agitate the high humidity waste uniformly, the agitation rate was set as 2 to 18rpm until the lower temperature sensor 23b showed the value identical that of the upper temperature sensor 23a, and thereafter until the pressure was reduced to 0.15MPa, it was set as 5 to 15rpm. The water content measurement employs "EB-340MOC," an electronic moisture meter of Shimazu _I7- • Corporation, and heat quantity measure employs "CA-4PJ" (device in accordance with JISM8814 and JISK2279 standards), a cylinder-type calorimeter of Shimazu Corporation. [0031] A high humidity waste in the example 1 is garbage with a high water content such as draff of meat, fish and vegetables and leftover food discharged by individual households and restaurants as shown in Figure 3. The garbage prior to the treatment had a water content of 91.00% and a heat quantity of 12.29KJ. In this treatment, the properties for this garbage were converted with a variety of treatment pressure and pressure holding time. As a result, when the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.50 to 1.81MPa and ranging from 185 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for approximately 30 to 35 minutes, the treated garbage showed water content reduction to 55.10% and a heat quantity of 12.10 KJ. By evaporation, this considerably high water content can be further reduced to about half level, which can be put to practical use, if this waste is left to stand at a room temperature for about one day. The heat quantity remained 98% or over of that prior to the treatment, showing a favorable range for using as fuel for gasification power generation. No reduction in water content under pressure of less than said pressure range or a shorter treatment time leads to insufficient practicality. [0032] When the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.82 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 208 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 30 to 35 minutes, the water content was reduced to 21.50%, which is under 25% of that prior to the treatment. The heat quantity was slightly reduced to 11.82KJ, which is over 96% of that prior to the treatment, showing a favorable property as fuel for gasification power generation. Figure 4 shows the garbage having dry feeling after the treatment. When the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.90 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 210 to 215 degrees Celsius, respectively for 35 to 50 minutes, the water content was further reduced to 20.80%. On the other hand, the heat quantity was 9.99KJ, which is under 10KJ, showing a possible use as fuel for gasification power generation, but more significant heat loss in view of energy being given. As for the fuel production apparatus 1 employed in this example, the maximum pressure within the treatment vessel 2 was set at 1.96MPa. It must be considered that heat quantity will decline in the treatment which is subject to extremely high temperature and pressure or to a longer duration. [0033] In view of the experimental results of the above example 1, to convert the garbage into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller loss of heat quantity, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.50 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 185 to 215 degrees Celsius, respectively for 30 to 50 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.82 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 208 to 210 degrees Celsius for 30 to 35 minutes. This higher temperature and pressure treatment for a certain period of time constitutes advantageous conditions for garbage decomposition. This benchmark is determined to cause garbage decomposition as gradually as possible and thereafter the decomposition continues as the pressure declines. During this process, the water and steam contained in the garbage will be cooled, causing condensed water to be diffused outside the vessel as the pressure changes from pressured to non-pressure states, whereby the material property will change so as to have a proper water content level. [0034] A high humidity waste in the example 2 is sewage sludge as shown in Figure 5. The water content and the heat quantity prior to the treatment were 80.00% and 15.51KJ, respectively. In this treatment, the pressure within the treatment vessel 2 and the treatment time were changed. Due to more water content in the sewage sludge, this waste required more treatment time than other wastes. According to the experimental results, when the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.45 to 1.75MPa and ranging from 140 to 165 degrees Celsius, respectively for about 55 to 60 minutes, the heat quantity after the treatment showed a high value of 14.95KJ. The water content was at a considerable level of 60.90%, which is insufficiently applicable to the use as fuel for gasification power generation. As shown in the example 1, since the separation and decomposition of bonded molecules of the sewage sludge after the treatment facilitate water evaporation, leaving the sludge unattended for one day or so can reduce the water content to about a half level. [0035] In the treatment, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.80MPa and ranging from 160 to 200 degrees Celsius, respectively for about 55 to 60 minutes. As a result, the water content for the sewage sludge after the treatment was considerably reduced to 39.00%, and the heat quantity was 14.08KJ. This high calorie with a heat loss of less than 10% can prove a full use of this material as fuel for gasification power generation. Meanwhile, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 200 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 60 minutes. As a result, the water content for the sewage sludge after the treatment was 23.00%, showing almost dry condition. The heat quantity was 13.80KJ, which is about 89% of the heat quantity prior to the treatment, showing a favorable range for use as fuel for gasification power generation and a condition for an efficient treatment. Meanwhile, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 was maintained ranging from 1.85 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes. The water content for the sewage sludge after the treatment was reduced to 22.05%, while the heat quantity decreased to 70% of the heat quantity prior to the treatment. Thus, the material with a calorific value of 10.99KJ can be used as fuel for Q0 gasification power generation, but a significantly large heat loss leads to high treatment costs. [0036] In view of the experimental results of the above example 2, to convert the sewage sludge into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 160 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and from 200 to 205 degrees Celsius for 55 to 60 minutes. [0037] A high humidity waste in the example 3 is remainder of fish as shown in Figure 7. The waste content and the heat quantity for the remainder of fish prior to the treatment were 85.00% and 12.99KJ, respectively. The pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 for the remainder of fish were maintained ranging from 1.45 to 1.65MPa and ranging from 178 to 182 degrees Celsius, respectively for 45 to 70 minutes. As a result, this treatment achieved a high heat quantity of 12.50KJ, however, its high water content of 75.00% indicates insufficient practicality for use as fuel for gasification power generation. Due to the separation and decomposition of bonded molecules of the treated remainder of fish, moisture evaporation is encouraged to facilitate material drying up to a practical extent merely by leaving it unattended. [0038] Next, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging 1.65 to 1.75MPa and ranging from 180 to 200 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 45 to 70 minutes. As a result, the water content for the treated remainder of fish was reduced to 51.00%, with a high heat quantity of 12.05KJ. This material can be used as fuel for gasification power generation, but to improve its practicality, a water content of over 50% should be further reduced to shorten a long treatment time of 70 minutes. Therefore, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.80MPa and ranging from 200 to 206 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 55 to 60 minutes. This treatment reduced the water content for the material to 26.50%, while the heat quantity was 12.66KJ, which is 97% of the heat quantity prior to the treatment. The treated material has a favorable property for use as fuel for gasification power generation and also practical treating condition. Figure 8 shows the remainder of fish after the treatment. [0039] Subsequently, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 55 to 60 minutes. The water content for the treated remainder of fish was 26.00%, with a heat quantity of 1 1.00KJ, showing a favorable property under this condition as well. Moreover, keeping the same pressure and temperature within the treatment vessel 2 for a longer holding time of 60 to 90 minutes - 10 reduced the water content for the treated remainder of fish to 24.00% and the heat quantity to 9.44KJ. These property changes allow for the use as fuel for gasification power generation. However, the heat decreasing rate is higher than the water content decreasing rate, and a certain period of treatment time despite high pressure and temperature values leads to insufficiently practical treatment. In light of the heat loss, it is not preferable to further increase the treatment pressure and time. [0040] In view of the experimental results of the above example 3, to convert the remainder of fish into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.65 to 1.85MPa and ranging 180 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 45 to 90 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.75 to 1.80MPa and ranging from 200 to 206 degrees Celsius for 55 to 60 minutes. [0041] A high humidity waste in the example 4 is peat as shown in Figure 9. The water content for the peat prior to the treatment was 70.00%, and the heat quantity was 16.90KJ. The treatment was provided for the peat under pressure within the treatment vessel 2, ranging from 1.50 to 1.70MPa, with the temperature ranging from 169 to 193 degrees of Celsius for 25 to 30 minutes. As a results, the water content for the treated peat was 55.00%, and the heat quantity was 16.80KJ. A high water content of over 50% despite a smaller heat loss requires a drying process to use as fuel for gasification power generation. Subsequently, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.70 to 1.80MPa and ranging from 195 to 204 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 25 to 30 minutes. Figure 10 shows the treated peat. According to the result, the water content for the treated peat was reduced to a sufficiently low value of 25.60%, and the heat quantity was 16.79KJ, which is over 99% of the heat quantity prior to the treatment with little heat loss. This result indicates a favorable property and treating condition for fuel for gasification power generation. [0042] Moreover, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 20 to 30 minutes. In this treatment, the water content for the treated peat was 25.00%, and the heat quantity was 12.08KJ. This demonstrates that as opposed to the conditions aforementioned, no difference in water content reduction was found, with a remarkable heat loss. Subsequently, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.85 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 30 to 60 minutes. In this treatment, the water content for the treated peat was further reduced to 20.05%, but the heat quantity was under 10KJ, which is under 60% of the heat quantity prior to the treatment. Although the treated material can be used as fuel for gasification power generation, the treating condition cannot be highly efficient. -11 - [0043] In view of the experimental results of the above example 4, to convert the peat into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.50 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 169 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 20 to 60 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.70 to 1.80MPa and from 195 to 204 degrees Celsius for 25 to 30 minutes. [0044] A high humidity waste in the example 5 is livestock excretion as shown in Figure 11. The water content for the livestock excretion prior to the treatment was 68.00% with a heat quantity of 13.40KJ. The livestock excretion was subject to the treatment under pressure within the treatment vessel 2 ranging from 1.45 to 1.60MPa, with the temperature ranging from 145 to 178 degrees of Celsius for 30 to 50 minutes. As a result, the heat quantity for the treated livestock excretion reached a high value of 12.97KJ. The water content showed a higher value of 68.00%, showing insufficient practicality as fuel for gasification power generation. As shown in other examples, however, the separation and decomposition of bonded molecules of the treated livestock excretion facilitate moisture evaporation, thereby generating a practical fuel for gasification power generation via a drying process. Subsequently, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.70MPa and ranging from 180 to 200 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes. In this treatment, the heat quantity can be maintained at 12.15KJ, but the water content is higher at 59.00%, indicating an unfavorable property as fuel for gasification power generation. [0045] Thus, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.70 to 1.75MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes. Figure 12 shows the treated livestock excretion. As a result, the water content for the treated livestock excretion was reduced to 24.00%. The heat quantity was reduced to 11.00KJ, which is 82% of that prior to the treatment, with a favorable property for use as fuel for gasification power generation. Next, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 208 to 215 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes. In this treatment, the water content for the treated livestock excretion was 23.00%. The heat quantity remained 11.01KJ, indicating a favorable property as fuel for gasification power generation and the result identical to that of said treating condition. Therefore, the use of a lower pressure is preferable to improve treating efficiency. [0046] In view of the experimental results of the above example 5, to convert the livestock excretion into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 180 to 215 degrees Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.70 to 1.75MPa and ranging from 205 to 210 degrees Celsius for 35 to 45 minutes. [0047] This embodiment employs garbage, sewage sludge, remainder of fish, peat, and livestock excretion as high humidity wastes with high practicality in the above examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively for waste conversion treatment. On the other hand, squid liver (a.k.a. squid internal organs) and scallop mid-gut gland (a.k.a. scallop entrails), which are believed to contain harmful heavy metal like cadmium, have been conventionally regarded as unfavorable materials for fertilizer and feed. Consequently, these squid liver and scallop mid-gut gland are subject to conversion treatment according to the present invention. [0048] A high humidity waste in the example 6 is squid liver as shown in Figure 13. The water content for the treated squid liver was 89.00%, and the heat quantity was 14.66KJ. The pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 for the squid liver were maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.75MPa and ranging from 165 to 190 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes. As a result, the water content for the treated squid liver was reduced to 59.06%, with a heat quantity of 8.323KJ. Since the water content must be reduced in light of ensured practicality, the pressure and the temperature were maintained ranging from 1.70 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 172 to 205 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes. Figure 14 shows the treated squid liver. As a result, the water content for the treated squid liver was reduced to 32.28%, with a heat quantity of 7.20KJ. Despite a considerable heat loss for liquefied squid internal organs, the heat loss can be reduced to approximately 50% of the heat prior to the treatment under the above condition, with water content reduction to about 32%. This treating approach can generate a practically applicable fuel for gasification power generation. On the other hand, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.79 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 185 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 65 to 95 minutes. As a result, the water content for the treated squid liver can be reduced to 29.55%, which is under 30%, but the heat quantity was reduced to 4.99KJ, with the least favorable efficiency in fuel for gasification power generation. [0049] In view of the experimental results of the above example 6, to convert the squid liver into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 165 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes, and more preferably ranging from 1.70 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 172 to 205 degrees Celsius for 50 to 65 minutes. [0050] A high humidity waste in the example 7 is scallop mid-gut gland as shown in Figure 15. The water content for the scallop mid-gut gland prior to the treatment 1II was 85.00%, with a heat quantity of 11.79KJ. For the scallop mid-gut gland, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.66 to 1.77MPa and ranging from 167 to 185 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 45 to 60 minutes. As a result, the water content for the treated scallop mid-gut gland was reduced to 70.25%, with heat quantity reduction to 6.19KJ. Since a drying process is required due to high water content, this treatment is insufficiently practicable for fuel for gasification power generation. Next, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.88MPa and ranging from 172 to 204 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes. Figure 16 shows the treated scallop mid-gut gland. As a result, the water content for the treated scallop mid-gut gland was reduced to 37.05%, and the heat quantity was 6.00KJ, which is about 50% of the heat prior to the treatment. This treating approach well serves practical use in light of the property of the scallop mid-gut gland. Meanwhile, the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 were maintained ranging from 1.78 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 185 to 210 degrees of Celsius, respectively for 65 to 95 minutes. In this treatment, the water content for the treated scallop mid-gut gland was 29.58%. Nevertheless, since the heat quantity was significantly reduced to 2.73KJ, this treating approach generates the least favorable efficiency in fuel for gasification power generation. [0051] In view of the experimental results of the above example 7, to convert the scallop mid-gut gland into materials suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation by reducing the water content with a smaller heat loss, it is preferable that the pressure and the temperature within the treatment vessel 2 be maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.88MPa and ranging from 172 to 204 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes. [0052] Microphotographs for the treated wastes will be shown. Figure 17 is a microphotograph showing the sewage sludge prior to and after the treatment, and Figure 18 is a pattern diagram describing the Figure 17. Figure 19 is a microphotograph showing other wastes after the treatment. [0053] As shown in the Figure 17 (A) and Figure 18 (A), the sewage sludge prior to the treatment is being dehydrated, but the extent of dehydration is limited due to the water stored inside the flock formed by bacteria. On the other hand, the sewage sludge treated by this invention is, as shown in Figure 17 (B) and Figure 18 (B), shows damaged and dispersed bacteria flock. A fiber substance is chaff fiber serving as a moisture adjusting material. If the waste is atomized as shown in the photo, the water contained is readily removed and a dehydrating effect is expected to continue. [0054] Additionally, atomized waste having an extremely favorable fluidity can be sprayed as fuel, or directly combusted in the form of sprayed material mixed with a liquid. Also, the material can be formed into solid fuel by freely adjusting solidification concentration, hardness, shape, particle diameter, etc. Therefore, fuel gasification can be performed in an efficient manner due to the effect of heating the entire fuel uniformly for use as fuel for gasification power generation. [0055] The atomization aforementioned can be found not only in the sewage sludge, but also in other wastes as shown in Figure 19. According to the treatment, these wastes show the separation of bonded molecules leading to atomization, thereby dispersing with no turbidity despite water supply. Brown, transparent and microscopic gelatinous substances are found in the remainder of fish in (B) and the scallop mid-gut gland in (E). If the material is not atomized, the water content cannot be maintained at a particular level or reduced, causing no effect of freely determining a form of fuel waste. [0056] According to this embodiment aforementioned, wastes even having high water content and high humidity with an incombustible property can be converted into materials suitable for use as general fuel and even fuel for gasification power generation having strict processing conditions by reducing the water content with a smaller loss of calorific value. Thus, this approach can be use as a pretreatment facility for gasification power generation apparatus. Being obtained in each of the above examples, the conditions for converting high humidity wastes suitable for use as fuel for gasification power generation can obviously meet general fuel properties, and favorable recycling properties for use as general fuel and compost. [0057] In addition, high humidity waste decomposition by microorganisms in nature requires a long period of time, normally 6 to over 36 months to make compost. However, the use of the conversion treatment system in this embodiment can achieve composting in a remarkably short period of time, 60 to 90 minutes, including the duration for pressure rise, in sterile and safe manners. [0058] Each component of this embodiment is not intended as a definition of the limits of the above description, but may be modified accordingly. [0059] For example, this embodiment above mentioned includes merely the waste water disposal plant 9, but a standby waste water disposal plant 10 may be additionally installed as shown in Figure 20. This standby waste water disposal plant 10 can adjust hydrogen-ion concentration (pH) for waste water discharged from the silencer 7 or the discharge port 22 to meet waste water regulations. Brief description of the drawings [0060] Figure 1 is a pattern diagram of the embodiment illustrating the fuel production apparatus according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a table describing the treating conditions and results of examples 1 to 7 of this embodiment according to the present invention; Figure 3 is a digital photographic image showing the garbage prior to the treatment; Figure 4 is a digital photographic image showing the garbage after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 1; Figure 5 is a digital photographic image showing the sewage sludge prior to the treatment; Figure 6 is a digital photographic image showing the sewage sludge after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 2; Figure 7 is a digital photographic image showing the remainder of fish prior to the treatment; Figure 8 is a digital photographic image showing the remainder of fish after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 3; Figure 9 is a digital photographic image showing the peat prior to the treatment; Figure 10 is a digital photographic image showing the peat after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 4; Figure 11 is a digital photographic image showing the livestock excretion prior to the treatment; Figure 12 is a digital photographic image showing the livestock excretion after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 5; Figure 13 is a digital photographic image showing the squid liver prior to the treatment; Figure 14 is a digital photographic image showing the squid liver after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 6; Figure 15 is a digital photographic image showing the scallop mid-gut gland prior to the treatment; Figure 16 is a digital photographic image showing the scallop mid-gut gland after the treatment under the condition suitable for use in the example 7; Figure 17 (A) is a microphotograph showing the property prior to the treatment according to the present invention, and Figure 17 (B) is a microphotograph showing the property after the treatment according to the present invention; Figure 18 (A) is a pattern diagram describing the microphotograph as shown in Figure 17 (A), and Figure 18 (B) is a pattern diagram describing the microphotograph as shown in Figure 17 (B); Figure 19 (A) is a microphotograph showing the garbage, Figure 19 (B) is a microphotograph showing the remainder of fish, Figure 19 (C) is a microphotograph showing the livestock excretion, Figure 19 (D) is a microphotograph showing the squid liver, and Figure 19 (E) is a microphotograph showing the scallop mid-gut gland, each after the treatment according to the present invention; and Figure 20 is a pattern diagram of another embodiment illustrating the fuel production apparatus according to the present invention. I " Explanation of letters and numerals [0061] 1: fuel production apparatus 2: treatment vessel 3: agitating means 4: steam injecting means 5: pressure regulating means 6: control means 7: silencer 8: cooling unit 9: waste water disposal plant 10: standby waste water disposal plant 23a: upper temperature sensor 23b: lower temperature sensor 24: pressure sensor 32: agitating vane 1 '7

Claims

1. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.50 to 1.96MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 185 to 215 degrees Celsius for 30 to 50 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto garbage which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said garbage by separating bonded molecules thereof.

2. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.75 to 1.90MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 160 to 210 degrees Celsius for 55 to 65 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto sewage sludge which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said sewage sludge by separating bonded molecules thereof.

3. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.65 to 1.85MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 180 to 210 degrees Celsius for 45 to 90 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto remainder of fish which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said remainder of fish by separating bonded molecules thereof.

4. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.60 to 1.96MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 180 to 215 degrees Celsius for 35 to 45 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto livestock excretion which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said livestock excretion by separating bonded molecules thereof.

5. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.60 to 1.86MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 165 to 205 degrees Celsius for 50 to 65 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto squid liver (squid internal organs) which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said squid liver (squid internal organs) by separating bonded molecules thereof.

6. A process for fuel production, comprising the steps of: maintaining the pressure within a treatment vessel ranging from 1.75 to 1.88MPa and the temperature therein ranging from 172 to 204 degrees Celsius for 55 to 65 minutes by injecting high-pressure steam onto scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) which is fed to said treatment vessel, and atomizing said scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) by separating bonded molecules thereof. 10

7. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto garbage which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.50 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 185 to 215 degrees Celsius, respectively for 30 to 50 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said garbage and atomize said garbage.

8. The fuel production apparatus set forth in Claim 7, wherein: said control means controls the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.82 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 208 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 30 to 35 minutes.

9. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto sewage sludge which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.90MPa and ranging from 160 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said sewage sludge and atomize said sewage sludge.

10. The fuel production apparatus set forth in Claim 9, wherein: said control means controls the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.80 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 200 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 60 minutes.

11. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto remainder of fish which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.65 to 1.85MPa and ranging from 180 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 45 to 90 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said remainder of fish and atomize said remainder of fish.

12. The fuel production apparatus set forth in Claim 11, wherein: said control means controls the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and S1Q _ the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.80MPa and ranging from 200 to 206 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 60 minutes.

13. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto livestock excretion which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.96MPa and ranging from 180 to 215 degrees Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said livestock excretion and atomize said livestock excretion.

14. The fuel production apparatus set forth in Claim 13, wherein: said control means controls the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.70 to 1.75MPa and from 205 to 210 degrees Celsius, respectively for 35 to 45 minutes.

15. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto squid liver (squid internal organs) which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.60 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 165 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said squid liver (squid internal organs) and atomize said squid liver (squid internal organs).

16. The fuel production apparatus set forth in Claim 15, wherein: said control means controls the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.70 to 1.86MPa and ranging from 172 to 205 degrees Celsius, respectively for 50 to 65 minutes.

17. A fuel production apparatus, comprising: a treatment vessel having agitating means; steam injecting means for injecting high-pressure steam onto scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) which is fed to said treatment vessel; and control means for controlling the high-pressure steam injection amount by means of said steam injecting means, wherein the pressure within said treatment vessel and the temperature therein are maintained ranging from 1.75 to 1.88MPa and ranging from 172 to 204 degrees Celsius, respectively for 55 to 65 minutes to separate bonded molecules of said scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails) and atomize said scallop mid-gut gland (scallop entrails).