AU2003264278A1 - Device for extruding thermoplasts - Google Patents

Device for extruding thermoplasts

Info

Publication number
AU2003264278A1
AU2003264278A1 AU2003264278A AU2003264278A AU2003264278A1 AU 2003264278 A1 AU2003264278 A1 AU 2003264278A1 AU 2003264278 A AU2003264278 A AU 2003264278A AU 2003264278 A AU2003264278 A AU 2003264278A AU 2003264278 A1 AU2003264278 A1 AU 2003264278A1
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
dewatering
opening
degassing
openings
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
AU2003264278A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yohwan An
Rainer Bardon
Bernhard Czauderna
Norbert Guntherberg
Michael Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of AU2003264278A1 publication Critical patent/AU2003264278A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/84Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
    • B29B7/845Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B29B7/603Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material in measured doses, e.g. proportioning of several materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7476Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants
    • B29B7/7495Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants for mixing rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/84Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
    • B29B7/842Removing liquids in liquid form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/86Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for working at sub- or superatmospheric pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/761Venting, drying means; Degassing means the vented material being in liquid form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/763Vent constructions, e.g. venting means avoiding melt escape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B29C48/767Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/04Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B29B9/065Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2009/00Use of rubber derived from conjugated dienes, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/12Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2055/00Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2023/00 - B29K2049/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, as moulding material
    • B29K2055/02ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2069/00Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
AU2003264278A 2002-09-20 2003-09-08 Device for extruding thermoplasts Abandoned AU2003264278A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02021020A EP1400337B1 (de) 2002-09-20 2002-09-20 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Extrudieren von Thermoplasten und Verwendung davon.
EP02021020.9 2002-09-20
PCT/EP2003/009941 WO2004028781A1 (de) 2002-09-20 2003-09-08 Vorrichtung zum extrudieren von thermoplasten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2003264278A1 true AU2003264278A1 (en) 2004-04-19

Family

ID=31896888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU2003264278A Abandoned AU2003264278A1 (en) 2002-09-20 2003-09-08 Device for extruding thermoplasts

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20060034962A1 (enExample)
EP (2) EP1400337B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2005538877A (enExample)
KR (1) KR101049684B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN1684814A (enExample)
AT (1) ATE370830T1 (enExample)
AU (1) AU2003264278A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE50210766D1 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2290229T3 (enExample)
MX (1) MXPA05002815A (enExample)
TW (1) TWI275478B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2004028781A1 (enExample)

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DE102008009735A1 (de) 2008-02-19 2009-08-20 Basf Se Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von Formmassen
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JP5467796B2 (ja) * 2009-04-24 2014-04-09 株式会社三和商会 押出機のベント装置、及び押出機による混練方法
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US9108354B2 (en) * 2010-12-01 2015-08-18 The Bonnot Company Process for de-airing material in an extruder that includes a vent block
RU2013155322A (ru) 2011-05-13 2015-06-20 Нфм Вэлдинг Инджинирс, Инк. Улучшенная обезвоживающая машина и способ
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EP3019324B1 (de) * 2013-07-11 2017-12-20 INEOS Styrolution Group GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung von thermoplastischen formmassen, sowie danach hergestellte thermoplastische formmassen
WO2015165810A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 Styrolution Group Gmbh Thermoplastische formmassen mit optimiertem restmonomeranteil
WO2016162557A1 (en) 2015-04-10 2016-10-13 Ineos Styrolution Group Gmbh Process for the production of thermoplastic moulding compounds
WO2016198508A1 (en) 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Ineos Styrolution Group Gmbh Process for the production of thermoplastic moulding compounds
ES2829292T3 (es) * 2016-05-10 2021-05-31 Ineos Styrolution Group Gmbh Procedimiento para la fabricación de una masa termoplástica de moldeo
EP3458517B1 (de) 2016-05-20 2025-11-05 INEOS Styrolution Group GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung von acrylester-styrol-acrylnitril-copolymer formmassen mit optimiertem restmonomeren-anteil
DE102017008320A1 (de) 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Bb Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen einer Polymerschmelze
CN112423954B (zh) * 2018-05-18 2023-08-08 英力士苯领集团股份公司 用于生产热塑性模塑料的挤出方法和实施该方法的装置
EP3656524B1 (en) 2018-11-21 2021-01-06 Biofibre GmbH Method of manufacturing biocomposite materials comprising cellulose
DE102019009152B4 (de) 2019-02-06 2023-02-23 Extricom Extrusion GmbH Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Schüttgut
DE102019102976B4 (de) 2019-02-06 2024-06-20 Extricom Extrusion GmbH Schneckenmaschine mit Einzugsgehäuse und Entgasungsgehäuse
DE102019001212A1 (de) 2019-02-19 2020-08-20 Bb Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Filtern einer Polymerschmelze
DE102020113295B4 (de) 2020-05-15 2024-07-11 Dieter Kaffenberger Verfahren zur Handhabung von Textilabfällen, Recyclingfaser und Abstandsgewirke
DE102021124792A1 (de) 2021-01-17 2022-07-21 Helga Reinders Extruder und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffteilen
PL4227064T3 (pl) 2022-02-10 2025-03-10 FEDDEM GmbH & Co. KG Wytłaczarka z elementem filtrującym
KR102856026B1 (ko) * 2023-11-09 2025-09-09 (주)창성피앤알 폐 플라스틱으로 재활용 성형수지를 제조하는 압출라인에서 발생되는 수분을 제거하는 장치

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004028781A1 (de) 2004-04-08
KR20050057434A (ko) 2005-06-16
KR101049684B1 (ko) 2011-07-14
EP1400337B1 (de) 2007-08-22
ATE370830T1 (de) 2007-09-15
CN1684814A (zh) 2005-10-19
TWI275478B (en) 2007-03-11
ES2290229T3 (es) 2008-02-16
TW200417459A (en) 2004-09-16
DE50210766D1 (de) 2007-10-04
MXPA05002815A (es) 2005-05-27
US20060034962A1 (en) 2006-02-16
EP1400337A1 (de) 2004-03-24
EP1556203A1 (de) 2005-07-27
JP2005538877A (ja) 2005-12-22

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