ATE474888T1 - Mesoporöse phase enthaltendes leitendes organisch-anorganisches hybridmaterial sowie dieses material enthaltende membran, elektrode und brennstoffzelle - Google Patents

Mesoporöse phase enthaltendes leitendes organisch-anorganisches hybridmaterial sowie dieses material enthaltende membran, elektrode und brennstoffzelle

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Publication number
ATE474888T1
ATE474888T1 AT04704265T AT04704265T ATE474888T1 AT E474888 T1 ATE474888 T1 AT E474888T1 AT 04704265 T AT04704265 T AT 04704265T AT 04704265 T AT04704265 T AT 04704265T AT E474888 T1 ATE474888 T1 AT E474888T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
membrane
electrode
fuel cell
inorgan
conductive organic
Prior art date
Application number
AT04704265T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karine Valle
Philippe Belleville
Clement Sanchez
Original Assignee
Commissariat Energie Atomique
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Application filed by Commissariat Energie Atomique filed Critical Commissariat Energie Atomique
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE474888T1 publication Critical patent/ATE474888T1/de

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • C08J5/2206Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2275Heterogeneous membranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D67/00Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0079Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
    • B01D67/00793Dispersing a component, e.g. as particles or powder, in another component
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D69/00Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/14Dynamic membranes
    • B01D69/141Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
    • B01D69/1411Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes containing dispersed material in a continuous matrix
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D71/00Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/12Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605Porous electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1023Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1025Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1027Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/103Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1032Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1039Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1067Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1069Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
    • H01M8/1072Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. in situ polymerisation or in situ crosslinking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1069Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
    • H01M8/1081Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0068Solid electrolytes inorganic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082Organic polymers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0088Composites
    • H01M2300/0091Composites in the form of mixtures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249955Void-containing component partially impregnated with adjacent component
    • Y10T428/249956Void-containing component is inorganic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249955Void-containing component partially impregnated with adjacent component
    • Y10T428/249958Void-containing component is synthetic resin or natural rubbers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
AT04704265T 2003-01-23 2004-01-22 Mesoporöse phase enthaltendes leitendes organisch-anorganisches hybridmaterial sowie dieses material enthaltende membran, elektrode und brennstoffzelle ATE474888T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0300724A FR2850300B1 (fr) 2003-01-23 2003-01-23 Materiau hybride organique-inorganique conducteur comprenant une phase mesoporeuse, membrane, electrode, et pile a combustible
PCT/FR2004/050026 WO2004067640A2 (fr) 2003-01-23 2004-01-22 Materiau hybride organique-inorganique conducteur comprenant une phase mesoporeuse, membrane, electrode, et pile a combustible.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE474888T1 true ATE474888T1 (de) 2010-08-15

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AT04704265T ATE474888T1 (de) 2003-01-23 2004-01-22 Mesoporöse phase enthaltendes leitendes organisch-anorganisches hybridmaterial sowie dieses material enthaltende membran, elektrode und brennstoffzelle

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20060182942A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1587876B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4963956B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE474888T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2004207666B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2513817C (de)
DE (1) DE602004028214D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2349383T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2850300B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004067640A2 (de)

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FR2850301B1 (fr) * 2003-01-23 2007-10-19 Commissariat Energie Atomique Materiau hybride organique-inorganique comprenant une phase minerale mesoporeuse et une phase organique, membrane et pile a combustible
JP2006155999A (ja) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-15 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd プロトン伝導性電解質膜およびその製造法
US8741454B2 (en) * 2005-03-29 2014-06-03 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Proton exchange membrane for fuel cell
EP1942507A4 (de) * 2005-08-19 2012-02-29 Univ Tokyo Protonenleitfähiges hybridmaterial und dieses verwendende katalysatorschicht für eine brennstoffzelle
US8642218B2 (en) * 2006-08-22 2014-02-04 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Coating including silica based material with pendent functional groups
KR100858078B1 (ko) * 2006-10-04 2008-09-10 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 프로톤 전도성기가 결합된 무기 나노입자 및 고체산을포함하는 고분자 전해질막 및 그 제조방법
DE112007002804T5 (de) * 2006-11-20 2009-10-29 PPG Industries Ohio, Inc., Cleveland Organisch-anorganische Nanokompositmaterialien und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und zu deren Verwendung
WO2008108738A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-12 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Mesoporous polymer colloids
KR101366079B1 (ko) * 2007-12-31 2014-02-20 삼성전자주식회사 고체상 프로톤 전도체 및 이를 이용한 연료전지
US20110033778A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-02-10 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Polymer electrolyte membrane
DE102009006493A1 (de) * 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Tronox Pigments Gmbh Brennstoffzellmembran
TWI423511B (zh) * 2009-12-31 2014-01-11 Ind Tech Res Inst 有機無機混成之質子交換膜
JP5459552B2 (ja) * 2010-05-19 2014-04-02 株式会社豊田中央研究所 有機シリカ系材料
FR2967992B1 (fr) 2010-11-26 2015-05-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Preparation de sols d'oxydes metalliques stables, utiles notamment pour la fabrication de films minces a proprietes optiques et resistants a l'abrasion
CN103566780B (zh) * 2012-07-27 2015-06-10 清华大学 一种氟取代聚芳醚复合阴离子电解质膜的制备方法
KR102031349B1 (ko) * 2013-02-21 2019-10-14 삼성전자주식회사 양극, 이를 포함하는 리튬공기전지, 및 양극의 제조방법
US9303150B2 (en) 2014-04-03 2016-04-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reinforced and crosslinked polyarylenes, methods of manufacture, and uses thereof
CN114551918B (zh) * 2020-11-26 2023-10-10 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种复合膜及其制备方法、应用
CN116212650A (zh) * 2023-01-04 2023-06-06 广东顺德桔子膜科技有限公司 一种具有高通量和抗污染性能的超滤膜及其制备方法
CN120121647B (zh) * 2023-12-08 2025-11-28 上海交通大学 一种基于saxs的全氟磺酸树脂分散液的分析方法

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US5523181A (en) * 1992-09-25 1996-06-04 Masahiro Watanabe Polymer solid-electrolyte composition and electrochemical cell using the composition
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FR2811323B1 (fr) * 2000-07-07 2006-10-06 Fuma Tech Gmbh Materiau hybride, utilisation dudit materiau hybride et procede de sa fabrication
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JP3631985B2 (ja) * 2001-06-28 2005-03-23 財団法人かがわ産業支援財団 イオン伝導性有機−無機複合電解質
US6465052B1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2002-10-15 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Method for production of nano-porous coatings
FR2850301B1 (fr) * 2003-01-23 2007-10-19 Commissariat Energie Atomique Materiau hybride organique-inorganique comprenant une phase minerale mesoporeuse et une phase organique, membrane et pile a combustible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2004207666B2 (en) 2009-09-10
FR2850300A1 (fr) 2004-07-30
AU2004207666A1 (en) 2004-08-12
EP1587876B1 (de) 2010-07-21
ES2349383T3 (es) 2010-12-30
FR2850300B1 (fr) 2006-06-02
CA2513817A1 (en) 2004-08-12
US20060182942A1 (en) 2006-08-17
JP4963956B2 (ja) 2012-06-27
CA2513817C (en) 2012-09-25
JP2006518405A (ja) 2006-08-10
WO2004067640A2 (fr) 2004-08-12
WO2004067640A3 (fr) 2004-09-10
DE602004028214D1 (de) 2010-09-02
EP1587876A2 (de) 2005-10-26

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