ATE166699T1 - Verahren und vorrichtung zur verringerung von schadstoffen in brennkraftmaschinenabgasen durch flammenverbrennung - Google Patents
Verahren und vorrichtung zur verringerung von schadstoffen in brennkraftmaschinenabgasen durch flammenverbrennungInfo
- Publication number
- ATE166699T1 ATE166699T1 AT94911566T AT94911566T ATE166699T1 AT E166699 T1 ATE166699 T1 AT E166699T1 AT 94911566 T AT94911566 T AT 94911566T AT 94911566 T AT94911566 T AT 94911566T AT E166699 T1 ATE166699 T1 AT E166699T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic converter
- air
- exhaust gas
- fuel
- low ignition
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/306—Preheating additional air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/26—Construction of thermal reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/048,496 US5419121A (en) | 1993-04-16 | 1993-04-16 | Method and apparatus for reduction of pollutants emitted from automotive engines by flame incineration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ATE166699T1 true ATE166699T1 (de) | 1998-06-15 |
Family
ID=21954900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AT94911566T ATE166699T1 (de) | 1993-04-16 | 1994-03-09 | Verahren und vorrichtung zur verringerung von schadstoffen in brennkraftmaschinenabgasen durch flammenverbrennung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5419121A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0696337B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08509044A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE166699T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU6405694A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69410608T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994024424A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5813222A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1998-09-29 | Appleby; Anthony John | Method and apparatus for heating a catalytic converter to reduce emissions |
US5771683A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1998-06-30 | Southwest Research Institute | Active porous medium aftertreatment control system |
JP3713831B2 (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 2005-11-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US5845485A (en) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-12-08 | Lynntech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for injecting hydrogen into a catalytic converter |
US5985222A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1999-11-16 | Noxtech, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing NOx from exhaust gases produced by industrial processes |
JP3456408B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-12 | 2003-10-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US6036827A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2000-03-14 | Lynntech, Inc. | Electrolyzer |
US6235254B1 (en) | 1997-07-01 | 2001-05-22 | Lynntech, Inc. | Hybrid catalyst heating system with water removal for enhanced emissions control |
US20050163677A1 (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2005-07-28 | Engelhard Corporation | Catalyst members having electric arc sprayed substrates and methods of making the same |
US8062990B2 (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2011-11-22 | Basf Corporation | Metal catalyst carriers and catalyst members made therefrom |
JP3565035B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-10 | 2004-09-15 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | 燃焼排ガス用NOx還元システム |
US6237326B1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-05-29 | Ford Global Technolgies, Inc. | Engine control system and method with lean catalyst and particulate filter |
US6258335B1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-07-10 | Sanjoy Kumar Bhattacharya | Conversion of carbon dioxide from ice exhausts by fixation |
US6560959B2 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2003-05-13 | Denso Corporation | Exhaust gas purification apparatus of internal combustion engine |
US6470673B1 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-10-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Control of a NOX reductant delivery system |
US6843813B1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2005-01-18 | Hugh Frederick Collins | Rejuvenation and/or cleaning of catalysts |
DE10135643A1 (de) * | 2001-07-21 | 2003-02-13 | Ballard Power Systems | Vorrichtung zur Versorgung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoff |
DE20119514U1 (de) * | 2001-12-03 | 2002-02-28 | Purem Abgassysteme Gmbh & Co | Reduktionsmitteldosiereinrichtung |
US7337607B2 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2008-03-04 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Method of dispensing fuel into transient flow of an exhaust system |
US20050044844A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Berriman Lester P. | Upgraded emissions reduction system |
DE10354232A1 (de) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-06-30 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Abgasbehandlungssystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine, und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abgasbehandlungssystems für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
GB2408470B (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2007-06-13 | Arvin Internat | An internal combustion engine exhaust system |
JP4248427B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-11 | 2009-04-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関排気浄化装置の粒子状物質再生制御装置 |
DE102004030199A1 (de) * | 2004-06-22 | 2006-01-19 | Adam Opel Ag | Abschätzung der Temperatur eines Katalysators und Anwendungen dafür |
CN100350144C (zh) * | 2004-09-21 | 2007-11-21 | 山东大学 | 一种降低汽车冷起动排污装置及其降低排污的方法 |
US20060101810A1 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-18 | Angelo Theodore G | System for dispensing fuel into an exhaust system of a diesel engine |
US7481048B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2009-01-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Regeneration assembly |
US7406822B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2008-08-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Particulate trap regeneration system and control strategy |
US20070158466A1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-12 | Harmon Michael P | Nozzle assembly |
US20070235556A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Harmon Michael P | Nozzle assembly |
US20070228191A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-04 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cooled nozzle assembly for urea/water injection |
US7762060B2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2010-07-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Exhaust treatment system |
US8056320B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2011-11-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cold-start control systems for internal combustion engines |
DE102008027019A1 (de) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Schadstoffemissionen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
JP4569690B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-10-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE102008063990A1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Fahrzeugbrenner |
JP4706757B2 (ja) | 2009-01-15 | 2011-06-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
CN102803674A (zh) * | 2011-02-07 | 2012-11-28 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 内燃机 |
WO2012140702A1 (ja) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-10-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH222031A (de) * | 1939-03-29 | 1942-06-30 | Kaercher Alfred | Heizgerät, insbesondere zum Anwärmen von Brennkraftmaschinen. |
DE2046324A1 (de) * | 1970-09-19 | 1972-03-23 | Berger, Heinz, 3470 Höxter | Vorrichtung zur Vernichtung der schädlichen Anteile der Abgase von Verbrennungsmotoren |
JPS4828820A (de) * | 1971-08-17 | 1973-04-17 | ||
US3791143A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1974-02-12 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Process and apparatus |
GB1372160A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1974-10-30 | Nissan Motor | Exhaust cleaning apparatus for internal combustion engines |
GB1442021A (en) * | 1973-08-17 | 1976-07-07 | Nissan Motor | Exhaust cleaning system for internal combustion engine |
US4131086A (en) * | 1974-07-20 | 1978-12-26 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Fuel reforming apparatus for use with internal combustion engine |
US4106453A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-08-15 | Burley Ernest G | Apparatus and process for improving fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine utilizing a vapor state of fuel |
US4429675A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1984-02-07 | Onics, Inc. | Fuel system for internal combustion engines |
GB2084898B (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1984-05-16 | Texaco Development Corp | Periodic rejuvenation of a catalyst filter |
US4322387A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-03-30 | Texaco Inc. | Catalytic exhaust gas torch |
US4359863A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-11-23 | Texaco Inc. | Exhaust gas torch apparatus |
US4349002A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-09-14 | Allen Wesley H | Internal combustion engine fuel treatment apparatuses and process |
US4509464A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-04-09 | Hansen Herbert N W | High efficiency internal combustion steam engine |
US4503671A (en) * | 1983-06-23 | 1985-03-12 | Smith Raymond C | Apparatus and method for force feeding air to a carburetor used with an internal combustion engine |
JPS61237812A (ja) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-23 | Mazda Motor Corp | エンジンの排気ガス浄化装置 |
US4715349A (en) * | 1985-10-05 | 1987-12-29 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine with an improved operation under a small intake air amount |
US4708118A (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1987-11-24 | Anti-P, Inc. | Fuel injected internal combustion engine pollutant control system |
SU1437524A1 (ru) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-11-15 | Е. А. Шувалов, Н. П. Черпак, В. Я. Пащенко, Л. Б, Иванов и И. Д. Марченко | Дожигатель отработавших газов |
-
1993
- 1993-04-16 US US08/048,496 patent/US5419121A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-09 EP EP94911566A patent/EP0696337B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-09 WO PCT/US1994/002662 patent/WO1994024424A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-09 AT AT94911566T patent/ATE166699T1/de active
- 1994-03-09 AU AU64056/94A patent/AU6405694A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-03-09 DE DE69410608T patent/DE69410608T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-09 JP JP6523176A patent/JPH08509044A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69410608D1 (de) | 1998-07-02 |
EP0696337A1 (de) | 1996-02-14 |
US5419121A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
DE69410608T2 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
EP0696337B1 (de) | 1998-05-27 |
AU6405694A (en) | 1994-11-08 |
WO1994024424A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
JPH08509044A (ja) | 1996-09-24 |
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