AT523956A2 - Trailer with lowering axle between the wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

A trailer (10, 100, 200) with a chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and a second frame (17, 117, 217) arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (18, 118, 218), the pivot axis (18, 118, 218) is arranged between a first and second wheel axle (13, 14, 113, 114), and at least one cylinder (20, 120) which is arranged between the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and the second frame (17, 117, 217) is arranged, is characterized in that the at least one cylinder (20, 120) is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

Description

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MÖ-7664 AT

Trailer with lowering axle between the wheels

description

The invention relates to a trailer with a chassis frame and a second frame arranged to be pivotable about a pivot axis, the pivot axis being arranged between a first and second wheel axle, and at least one cylinder, which is arranged between

Chassis frame and second frame is arranged.

Such a trailer is known for example from DE 102 01 625 A1

become.

A disadvantage of the trailer described there is that two hydraulic cylinders are required, on the one hand, to tilt the loading area and, on the other hand, to bring the loading area back again. The component cost and the effort in terms of control and

Operation of the trailer are therefore significant. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a trailer

provide that with fewer components and improved functionality

is constructed.

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This object is achieved according to the invention by a trailer with a chassis frame and a second frame arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis, the pivot axis being arranged between a first and a second wheel axle, and at least one cylinder which is arranged between the chassis frame and the second frame, wherein the at least one cylinder is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. A double-acting cylinder has two opposing piston surfaces that can be pressurized with hydraulic fluid. As a result, the cylinder has two active directions of movement. A return cylinder, as provided in the prior art mentioned at the outset, is therefore no longer necessary. The second frame can be pivoted with respect to the chassis frame via one side of the piston, so that the trailer can be driven on, for example with a construction machine. The fact that a double-acting cylinder is provided also prevents the second frame from being automatically lowered under the weight of the construction machine that has been raised. This lowering can be controlled via the second piston side of the double-acting cylinder

be effected.

The pivot axis for pivoting the second frame relative to the chassis frame can be arranged centrally between the wheel axles. Alternatively, it can be shifted eccentrically in the direction of the second wheel axle, ie the rear wheel axle in the direction of travel. In particular, the pivot axis can be more than 5 cm from the second wheel axis, preferably more than 10 cm, particularly preferably more than 20 cm or more than 30 cm

or more than 40 cm or more than 50 cm apart.

It is particularly preferred if the cylinder has a 4/3-way valve

connected to a hydraulic pump. Via the 4/3-way valve

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the double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be controlled. In a first position, a first chamber of the hydraulic cylinder can be filled with hydraulic fluid, so that the cylinder is extended and the second frame is pivoted from a horizontal position. The hydraulic flow can be interrupted via a second position of the 4/3-way valve. This means that the hydraulic fluid remains in both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder and the double-acting hydraulic cylinder cannot be moved in either direction. Thus, the second frame can be locked in a desired pivoted position. In a third position of the 4/3-way valve, the flow direction of the hydraulic circuit can be reversed so that the second chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic fluid and the second frame is filled with hydraulic fluid

horizontal initial position can be moved back.

The hydraulic pump can be driven manually or electrically.

The 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic fluid tank can be arranged in one unit. This results in a compact design of the trailer. In particular, this unit

be provided in the area of the chassis frame.

An even more compact configuration results when the hydraulic cylinder, the 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic fluid tank form a unit. In particular, the 4/3-way valve, the hydraulic pump and the liquid tank on

Be arranged hydraulic cylinder and form a unit with this.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a rigid, in particular

cannot be pivoted, drawbar connected to the chassis frame

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be provided. In a special embodiment of the trailer, it can be provided that two cylinders are arranged on both sides of the drawbar. This is particularly beneficial when centered on trailers

For reasons of space, no hydraulic cylinder can be arranged.

There are particular advantages if the drawbar has two joints, so that the height of the towing eye or the towing hitch can be adjusted, in particular steplessly, relative to the chassis frame. This allows him

Trailers can be adapted to different towing vehicles.

A lighting support can be provided on the rear of the chassis frame or the second frame, which is designed as a rear support or on which a rear support is arranged. The lighting support can indicate how far the second frame can be lowered. The height of the rear support is expediently designed in such a way that a level surface results from a folded-down ramp and the platform floor. Alternatively, a rear support

be arranged in front of the lighting support.

Alternatively, at least one roller can be provided as a rear support. The role of a support is possible on the one hand and on the other hand there are minor relative movements of the trailer

to the ground possible while the trailer is being loaded or unloaded.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, which is also regarded as an independent invention, a third frame can be provided which can be tilted about at least one tilting axis, preferably three tilting axes, relative to the second frame. If a third frame is provided, it is not only possible to use the loading area of the

Lower the trailer backwards, making a machine in one

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can drive onto the trailer at the smallest possible angle, but it is also possible to pivot the third frame, for example to unload bulk goods from the loading area. A tilting axis can be provided at the rear on the second frame, transverse to the direction of travel or longitudinal direction of the trailer. Two further tilting axes can be provided parallel to the direction of travel on the right and left of the second frame, so that the third frame can tilt sideways

is possible.

A hydraulic single-acting or double-acting tilt cylinder can be arranged between the second frame and the third frame. The above results for the double-acting tilt cylinder

mentioned advantages of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

Furthermore, a hydraulic unit assigned to the tilting cylinder can be provided, which can be controlled via keys and/or wirelessly, in particular by a mobile phone or tablet or the like. The hydraulic unit can be a hydraulic pump, a drive for the hydraulic pump, a power supply for the hydraulic pump and a

include valve.

A battery, which can be charged in particular via a towing vehicle, can be provided for the hydraulic unit. This allows the battery to be charged when the trailer is coupled to a towing vehicle. Alternatively, the battery can be charged using a trailer-mounted charger or an external charger. The

Charger plugs into an AC outlet.

According to one embodiment, an electrical shutdown for the

Tilting cylinder can be provided, so that when the third tilts

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Frame switches off about a lateral tilting axis. This can prevent the tipping cylinder from extending too far if you only want to tip to the side. On the other hand, there is no switch-off if bulk material is to be tipped backwards, ie if the third frame tilts about an axis running parallel to the wheel axles

will.

A hook for a container and/or a particularly hydraulic container lock can be provided on the third frame. The trailer is therefore suitable for picking up and transporting containers. Because the trailer can be lowered at the rear, it is particularly easy to place a container on or off the trailer

unload.

The trailer can have a tailgate which can be folded down about a first horizontal axis, can be pivoted about a second horizontal axis and can be pivoted about a vertical axis. Depending on the intended use, the tailgate can therefore be locked or released at different points. When the tailgate is folded down about a first horizontal axis, the tailgate can serve as a ramp. If it oscillates around a second horizontal axis, bulk goods can be tipped off the loading area particularly easily. The tailgate can be opened with particularly little effort,

when it is pivoted about the vertical axis.

Particular advantages arise when the trailer has shock absorbers. This means that it can be approved for operation at up to 100 km/h. Gas dampers may be provided to allow easy ramp operation. The pivot point for the second

Frame can be placed between the wheels of the trailer to

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to achieve a flat drive-up angle.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, using the figures of the drawing, which show details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to be understood to scale and are presented in such a way that the special features according to the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features can each individually or in any combination with variants of the

Invention be realized.

In the schematic drawing, embodiments of the invention are shown in various stages of use and in the

explained in more detail below.

Show it:

1 shows a first embodiment of a trailer in a side view;

Fig. 2: the trailer of Fig. 1 lowered to the rear

Position;

FIG. 3: the trailer according to FIG. 1 with the rear hatch folded down; FIG.

Fig. 4: the trailer of FIG. 1 in a tipped backwards

position with swinging tailgate;

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figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

figure

10:

11:

12:

13:

14:

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a side view of the representation according to FIG. 4;

the trailer of FIG. 1 with a vertical axis

pivoted tailgate;

the trailer of Figure 1 in a lateral tilted position.

the representation according to FIG. 7 in a rear view;

a second embodiment of a trailer with a

hook for holding a container;

the trailer of FIG. 9 in a lowered to the rear

Position;

the trailer according to FIG. 9 with tilted backwards

Container;

with the trailer according to FIG. 9 in a rear view

laterally tipped third frame;

an embodiment of a trailer with adjustable height

drawbar;

the trailer of FIG. 13 in a laterally tipped

Position;

a representation to explain the control of a

double-acting hydraulic cylinder;

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16: an alternative embodiment of a hydraulic circuit diagram;

Fig. 17: an illustration of a hydraulic unit, which also the

includes double-acting cylinder.

Fig. 1 shows a trailer 10 with a chassis frame 11 on which a rigid drawbar 12 is arranged. The trailer 10 has two wheel axles 13, 14 on which wheels 15, 16 are arranged. A second frame 17 is arranged on the chassis frame 11 . This can be pivoted about a pivot axis 18, which is arranged between the wheel axles 13, 14, relative to the chassis frame 11. A third frame 19 is pivotable relative to the second frame 17 both about an axis parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14 and about axes parallel to the longitudinal direction of the trailer 10

get lost.

The pivoting of the second frame 17 relative to the chassis frame 11 is effected by a cylinder 20 which is arranged or acts between the chassis frame 11 and the second frame 17 . The cylinder 20 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder

educated.

For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned that the trailer 10 a

generally known support wheel 21 has.

It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the second frame 17 was pivoted about the pivot axis 18 relative to the chassis frame 11 by means of the cylinder 20 . Furthermore, it can be seen that a tailgate

22 about a horizontal axis parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14

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runs, was folded down so that a ramp is formed, which forms a flat surface with a floor of the trailer 10. As a result, a construction machine, for example, can simply be driven onto the trailer 10 . A part of a hydraulic unit 23 is designated by the reference number 23 . This hydraulic unit 23 is on the chassis frame 11, in particular in an intermediate space of the

Chassis frame 11 arranged.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the second frame 11 was brought back into its starting position via the cylinder 20. The tailgate 22 is still open. The second frame 11 can be attached to the chassis frame 11 via at least one front closure

be fixed.

4 shows that the third frame 19 has now been tilted with respect to the second frame 17, namely about a tilting axis which runs parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14. The tipping was effected by a tipping cylinder 25 between the second frame 17 and the

third frame 19 is arranged or between which acts.

So that, for example, bulk material from the platform floor 26; which is arranged on the third frame 19 can be unloaded, the tailgate 22 is open. In particular, it is pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis that runs parallel to the wheel axles 13, 14. For this purpose, latches at the lower end of the tailgate 22 were opened while upper side latches remained closed, so that

the tailgate 22 could swing open.

FIG. 5 shows the situation of FIG. 4 in a side view.

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FIG. 6 shows the trailer 10 with the tailgate 22 pivoted about a vertical axis on the right rear side of the trailer 10, in particular opened. For this purpose, the left-hand latches and the latches on the lower side of the tailgate 22 were opened while the right-hand latches remained closed, so that pivoting about a vertical axis was possible. the

Accordingly, tailgate 22 is opened in the manner of a door.

FIG. 7 shows a situation in which the third frame 19 has been pivoted or tilted about a lateral axis by means of the tilting cylinder 25 . The tipping cylinder 25 is not extended as far as in FIG. 5. In particular, a switch-off device is provided which prevents the tipping cylinder 25 from being extended further than in FIG. 7

shown when lateral tilting is to be effected.

The third frame 19 has closures 27, 28 on its underside. The closures 27, 28 are open in the illustration shown, so that the third frame 19 could be pivoted with respect to the second frame 17. Correspondingly, shutters analogous to the shutters 27, 28 on the left side of the third frame 19 are closed. If tilting to the right is to take place, the shutters 27, 28 are closed and the analogous shutters on the left side of the third frame 19 are opened. If all locks are closed, the third frame 19 is fixed to the second frame 17 . The second frame 17 may have a front latch to

to lock it to the chassis frame 11. FIG. 8 shows the situation of FIG. 7 in a rear view. Here is

a counterpart 29 of the closure 27 can be seen. 8 also shows

clearly a lighting support 30, which serves as a support device,

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when the second frame 17 about the pivot axis 18 to the rear

is lowered, as can be seen in FIG.

9 shows an alternative embodiment of a trailer 100. The trailer 100 also has a chassis frame 111 on which a drawbar 112 is arranged. Furthermore, the trailer 100 has wheel axles 113, 114 for wheels 115, 116. A second frame 117 can be pivoted relative to the chassis frame 111 via a pivot axis 118 . The pivot axis 118 lies between the wheel axles 113, 114. The pivoting of the second frame 117 with respect to the chassis frame 111 can be carried out by a double-acting cylinder 120

be effected.

The trailer 100 is intended to accommodate a container. It has a hook 122 for this purpose. In addition, container locks 123, 124 are provided. The container locks 123, 124 can be hydraulic or manual locks. At the rear, the trailer 100 has rollers 125 which provide support when the second frame 117 is pivoted. Additional rollers 126 make it easier to put on and take off

containers.

10 shows the situation when the second frame 117 is pivoted about the pivot axis 118 with respect to the first frame 111 . It can be seen that the second frame 117 is supported on the roller 125 from the ground. In this position, the container 127

particularly easy to load and unload.

In Fig. 11 it is shown that the trailer 110 also has a third

Frame 119 may have. This is via a tilt cylinder 130

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relative to the second frame 117 tilted. Thus, for example

Bulk goods are unloaded from the container 127.

It can be seen from FIG. 12 that a lateral tilting of the third frame 119 is also possible. For this purpose, left-side closures between the third frame 119 and the second frame 117 are closed,

while right side shutters are open.

13 shows a further embodiment of a trailer 200. The trailer 200 is constructed in a similar way to the trailer 10 according to FIG. 1. In contrast to the trailer according to FIG. The drawbar 250 has a first section 251 which is rigidly connected to the chassis frame 211 . A second tongue section 252 is pivotally connected to the first tongue section 251 . Furthermore, the second drawbar section 252 is connected in an articulated manner to a third drawbar section 253 . The drawbar sections 251, 252 and 252, 253 can each be continuously adjusted relative to one another. Furthermore, locking is possible to fix a relative position of the drawbar sections 251-253. The articulated connection of the drawbar sections 251 - 253 makes it possible to adjust the height of the hitch 254 . As a result, the trailer 200 can be adjusted in height to different towing vehicles. The trailer 200 also has a second and a third frame 217,219. In this regard and in relation to the adjustment options for the second and third frames 217, 219, reference is made to the description of FIG. The double-acting cylinders are on either side of the drawbar section 251

arranged.

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It can be seen from FIG. 14 that a tilting cylinder 225 is also provided in the trailer 200 , via which the third frame 219 can be tilted relative to the second frame 217 . Between the frames

211 and 217 can be provided for fixing a closure.

FIG. 15 shows a circuit diagram for the activation of the double-acting cylinder 20 (the other described double-acting cylinders 120, 220 can be activated and arranged accordingly). A 4/3-way valve 301, a hydraulic pump 302 and a hydraulic fluid tank 303 are arranged in a unit 300. The hydraulic pump 302 is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank 303 via a check valve 304 .

In the switching position of the 4/3-way valve 301 shown, hydraulic fluid is pumped by the hydraulic pump 302 into the first chamber 20.1 of the hydraulic cylinder 20. This moves the piston 20.2 to the right. Accordingly, hydraulic fluid is displaced from the chamber 20.3 and returns to the hydraulic fluid tank 303. In the switch position of the 4/3-way valve 301 shown, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is accordingly extended. If the 4/3-way valve is pushed one position to the left, the hydraulic connection between the hydraulic pump 302 and the chambers 20.1, 20.3 is interrupted. The hydraulic cylinder 20 is thus locked in position. If the 4/3-way valve 301 is moved further to the left, hydraulic fluid is pumped by the hydraulic pump 302 into the chamber 20.3, as a result of which the piston 20.2 is displaced to the left and hydraulic fluid correspondingly reaches the hydraulic fluid tank 303 from the chamber 20.1. Thus, the cylinder 20 becomes active

retracted.

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In the embodiment according to FIG. 16, two hydraulic cylinders 20 connected in parallel are provided. For safety reasons, additional check valves 305, 306 are provided, with the check valve 305

is optional.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 17, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is also part of the unit 300. In particular, the 4/3-way valve 301 and the hydraulic pump 302 as well as the hydraulic fluid tank 303 are arranged on the double-acting cylinder 20. In the illustrated embodiment, a check valve 310 between the pump 302 and the 4/3-way valve 301 and another check valve 311 as

Bypass to the hydraulic pump 302 provided.

Claims (1)

15 20 25 30 - 16 - MÖ-7664 AT patent claims Trailer (10, 100, 200) with a chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and a second frame (17, 117, 217) arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (18, 118, 218), the pivot axis (18, 118 , 218) is arranged between a first and second wheel axle (13, 14, 113, 114), and at least one cylinder (20, 120) which is arranged between the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) and the second frame (17, 117, 217 ) is arranged, characterized in that the at least one cylinder (20, 120) as double-acting hydraulic cylinder is formed. Trailer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (20, 120) is connected to a hydraulic pump (302) via a 4/3-way valve (301). Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic pump (302) is manual or is electrically drivable. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the 4/3-way valve (301), the hydraulic pump (302) and a hydraulic fluid tank (303) in one unit (300) are arranged. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (20, 120), the 4/3-way valve (3019', the hydraulic pump (302) and a hydraulic fluid tank (303) form a unit (300). 6. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rigid, in particular non-pivotable, with the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) connected drawbar (12, 112, 250) is provided. 7. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two cylinders (20, 120) are provided, which are arranged on both sides of the drawbar (12, 112, 250). 10 8. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drawbar (250) has two joints, so that the towing eye or the towing hitch (254), in particular steplessly, is adjustable in height relative to the chassis frame (211). 15 9. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the chassis frame (11, 111, 211) or the second frame (17, 117, 217) a lighting support (30) is provided at the rear, which is designed as a rear support or on which a rear support is arranged. 20 10. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one roller (125) as the rear support is provided. 23 11. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims or the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that a third frame (19, 119, 219) is provided which can be rotated about at least one tilting axis, preferably three tilting axes, relative to the second frame (17 , 117, 217) can be tilted. 30 15 20 25 30 12. 13. 14 15 16 17 -18- MÖ-7664 AT Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the second frame (17, 117, 217) and the third frame (19, 119, 219) a hydraulic single or double-acting tilting cylinder (25, 130, 225) is arranged. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tilting cylinder (25, 130, 225) associated hydraulic unit (23) is provided, which can be operated via buttons and/or wirelessly, in particular by a mobile phone, tablet or the like, can be controlled. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one, in particular via a towing vehicle chargeable, battery for the hydraulic unit (23) is provided. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tilting cylinder (25, 130, 225) is electrically switched off so that it switches off when the third frame (19, 119, 219) tilts about a lateral tilting axis. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the third frame (19, 119, 219) a hook (122) for a container (127) and / or in particular hydraulic container lock (123, 124) is provided. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10, 100, 230) has a tailgate (22) which can be folded down about a first horizontal axis a second horizontal axis can be commutated and about a vertical one 15 20 25 30 18 -19- MÖ-7664 AT Axis can be pivoted. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that this shock absorber has.