AT515252A2 - Spherical hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

Hinge (1) with an inner hinge part (2) and an associated inner fastening part (11), with an outer hinge part (3) and an associated outer fastening part (12), with a middle part connecting the two hinge parts (2, 3) (4), wherein the inner hinge part (2) and the central part (4) for forming an inner rotation axis (7) by an inner hinge pin (5) are rotatably connected together and the outer hinge part (3) and the central part (4) Formation of an outer axis of rotation (8) by an outer hinge pin (6) are rotatably connected to each other, wherein at least one of the two hinge parts (2,3) for forming two axially offset end faces (23, 25) in the region of the axes of rotation 7, 8 axially is stepped, wherein the two axially offset end faces (23, 25) by a sliding surface (24) are interconnected and the sliding surface (24) relative to the respective axis of rotation (7,8) at an angle (α) is inclined, the central part (4) for forming at least two counter-end faces (20, 22) is axially stepped in the region of the axes of rotation 7, 8, wherein the two axially offset counter-end faces (20, 22) by a Gegengleitfläche (21) connected to each other and the Gegengleitfläche (21) is aligned opposite to the sliding surface (24), and the sliding surface (24) and the Gegengleitfläche (21) cooperatively arranged to each other and are slidably disposed.

Description

Spherical hinge

The present invention relates to a hinge having an inner hinge part and an associated inner fastening part, with an outer hinge part and an associated outer fastening part, with a hinge part connecting the two hinge parts, wherein the inner hinge part and the central part for forming an inner axis of rotation by a inner hinge pin are rotatably connected to each other and the outer hinge part and the central part for forming an outer rotation axis are rotatably connected to each other by an outer hinge pin.

In the sanitary area and especially in shower enclosures in addition to the known sliding doors and hinged doors are quite common. Often such hinged doors are equipped with a hinge with lifting / lowering mechanism. Sense of this type of hinges is to lower a second element in its closed position or zero position to ensure a secure seal against a corresponding floor pan, the floor itself or a corresponding sealing edge. As soon as the second element is moved out of this closed position or zero position, the movable second element is raised accordingly by the lifting / lowering mechanism. As a result, a seal which is in the closed position or zero position, for example, with the bottom tray, the bottom or a sealing edge in contact, exposed during the pivoting movement without contact, or at least a much lower contact pressure. This protects the one hand, the seal or the wear is reduced accordingly, on the other hand, due to the lower friction, the pivoting movement much easier to perform.

Swing doors, ie doors that can be swiveled out of the room as well as out of the room, are equipped with corresponding, known swing hinges. These may have two hinge parts, each having a rotation axis, which are interconnected via a central part. Such a construction with two axes of rotation allows a total pivoting range of 360 °. Between the middle part and the respective hinge part, a spring mechanism is arranged in each case.

This spring mechanism ensures, on the one hand, that a second element or door leaf arranged on the pendulum hinge remains securely and without play in its closed position or zero position, and, on the other hand, that the connecting middle part can not assume an undefined position. By undefined position, for example, the "unfolding" of the two hinge parts and the middle part to understand. The use of a spring mechanism allows the repeated adoption of a defined position, such as the closed position or zero position, as are pressed by the corresponding biases by the springs, the joints against corresponding attacks, or in an equilibrium position. The springs compensate for at least the weight of the attached to the hinge or on the mounting hardware elements and ensure the cohesion of the two hinge parts and the middle part. In the described embodiment, however, there are a number of disadvantages. Due to the spring mechanism, a second element is always acted upon in the swung-out state with the corresponding spring force. The second element therefore always tends to return to its zero position. As a zero position, for example, a position can be seen in which the second element is considered closed. A "stay" in a certain open position is not possible. Furthermore, depending on the size or weight of the second element, the spring mechanism to be dimensioned accordingly. Heavier second elements inevitably require a spring mechanism, which can apply higher spring forces, which in turn requires a corresponding size of the hinge itself. The "universal" benefit of a hinge for different weights of the second element is therefore not possible. Another disadvantage is that such spring mechanisms pollute just in the sanitary area and thus increased wear or at least a significant hygienic disadvantage arises because the accessibility, for example, for cleaning, such a mechanism is at least severely limited. In addition, such hinges do not allow the subsequent insertion and removal of the second element.

Hinges with a lifting / lowering mechanism, such as that shown in DE 20 2007 001 139 U1, sometimes have a relatively large pivoting range. A 360 ° pan is not possible. Both hinge parts have a common axis of rotation, whereby the pivoting range is inevitably restricted because the two hinge parts from a certain pivoting angle / opening angle contiguous or Türeder the wall element. Although the mechanism shown therein allows a corresponding lifting and lowering, but the lowered position is not clearly defined due to manufacturing tolerances, self-adjusting wear and a lack of spring mechanism. In order to allow a larger pivoting range, corresponding cutouts must be provided in the door element and / or wall element, in which the corresponding hinge parts can dive at a larger opening angle.

The object of the present invention is to design a hinge with a lifting / lowering mechanism with low component complexity and high ease of maintenance, which has the largest possible pivoting range and eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above.

The object is achieved in that at least one of the two hinge parts is axially stepped to form two axially offset end faces in the region of the axis of rotation, wherein the two axially offset end surfaces are interconnected by a sliding surface and the sliding surface inclined relative to the respective axis of rotation at an angle in that the middle part is axially stepped in order to form at least two counter-end faces in the region of the axis of rotation, wherein the two axially offset counter-end faces are interconnected by a counter-sliding surface and the counter-sliding face is aligned opposite to the sliding face, and in that the sliding face and the counter-sliding face are cooperatively abutting one another and are arranged abgleitend each other. On the one hand allows the use of two axes of rotation a total pivoting range of 360 °, on the other hand is realized by the sliding of the sliding surface on the upper Gegengleitfläche, the sliding surfaces relative to the respective axis of rotation, a lifting / lowering function. Due to the inclined sliding surfaces and the weight of an attached to the fastening member element, such as a second element, resulting in corresponding force components, which ensure that the hinge returns to a zero position, in which, for example, the second element is closed.

It is advantageously provided that the two axially offset end faces of at least one hinge part are interconnected by at least one further sliding surface and the other sliding surface is inclined with respect to the respective axis of rotation with opposite orientation as the sliding surface and that a gegengleiche further counter sliding surface is provided on the central part. Furthermore, it is provided that in a relative movement between at least one hinge part and the middle part either an end face of at least one hinge part and a counter-end face of the central part or the sliding surface and the Gegengleitfläche and the further sliding surface and the other mating sliding surface are adjacent to each other and are slidably disposed. As a result, the forces acting on the respective hinge part and the middle part are divided into two sliding surfaces, whereby the wear is reduced accordingly. Therefore, when the respective sliding surfaces are in contact with each other, a force comparable to a spring force results and a second element whose own weight causes the aforementioned force pushes to a zero position and a closed position, respectively. If end faces are in contact with each other, then an exemplary second element is already in an elevated position and can easily be pivoted further, that is to say without counterforce, with only the friction being overcome.

Advantageously, it is provided that the end face of at least one hinge part has a molding and a counter-end face of the middle part a Gegenausformung and the molding and Gegenausformung at a rotation about the respective axis of rotation by a certain angle, releasably snap into each other. In this way, after pivoting a hinge part at any position, a pivoted position of a second element can be realized, in which the second element, when no force is applied from the outside, remains stationary.

Advantageously, it is provided that on at least one hinge part a spaced from the sliding surface connecting surface between the two end faces as a stop and the middle part a gegengleiche, spaced from the mating surface connecting surface between the two counter-end faces and is designed as a counter-stop. The stop and the cooperating counter-stop allow a defined position between a hinge part and the middle part in a zero position mentioned above.

An advantageous embodiment of the hinge provides that the inner hinge part and the outer hinge part is designed according to the preceding embodiments. In this way, the lifting / lowering function results for the entire, possible pivoting range of the hinge. No matter which of the two axes of rotation, the pivoting movement takes place, slide to the respective axis of rotation inclined sliding surfaces from each other and there is a lifting or lowering movement.

It is advantageously provided that at least one of the two hinge parts and / or the middle part has a bore coaxial with the respective axis of rotation, in which an insert part with the end faces and the sliding surface and / or the further sliding surface and / or the molding and / or the stop or a counterpart insert is used with the counter-end faces and the counter sliding surface and / or the further counter sliding surface and / or the Gegenausformung and / or the counter-stop. This makes it possible by appropriate choice of materials, regardless of the respective hinge part, the faces, the sliding surfaces, the formations and the attacks to perform wear-resistant or slippery.

It is particularly advantageously provided that the insert part and / or the counter insert part has at least one radial peripheral surface with a in the direction of the respective axis of rotation axially extending elevations and / or a radial flattening and the coaxial bore to form an anti-rotation is carried out according to the same. The at least one security against rotation ensures that the insert part and / or the counter insert part do not rotate within the bore coaxial with the respective axis of rotation in the respective hinge part and / or in the middle part.

It is advantageously provided that the insert part and / or the counter insert part has at least one radial peripheral surface with at least one radially projecting elevation. Such radially protruding elevations, for example in the form of a rib, allows eventual

To compensate for tolerances between inserts and hinge parts and / or middle part and to avoid any possible play between the components.

In an advantageous manner, it can be provided that the insert part or the counterpart insert part is displaceably arranged in the bore along the respective axis of rotation. This makes it possible to compensate for a possibly occurring game between the respective inserts. As a result, any manufacturing tolerances or deviations during assembly can be compensated.

For example, the hinge is used with a double-sided pivotable door, wherein the inner fastening part of the inner hinge part is connected to a first element, and the outer fastening part of the outer hinge part is connected to a second element.

The subject invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 13, which show by way of example, schematically and not by way of limitation advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows

1 shows the hinge according to the invention in the installed or assembled state,

2 shows the hinge 1 according to the invention in a disassembled state with a sectional view rotated in the plane of view,

3 shows the first hinge part and a part of the middle part in a partially sectioned illustration,

4 the forces acting on the sliding surfaces,

5a to 5c, the rotation of the hinge according to the invention by + 180 °,

6a and 6b, the middle part and the first hinge part in a reduced configuration,

7a and 7b, the middle part and the first hinge part in an advantageous embodiment,

8a to 8c, the rotation of the hinge according to the invention by -180 °,

9 shows the insert part and the counterpart insert part in an advantageous embodiment,

10 shows the insert part and the counter insert part from FIG. 7 in an isometric view, FIG.

11 shows the insert part and the counter insert part in mutually displaced state,

12 shows the central part with counter insert parts arranged therein, FIG.

Fig. 13, the hinge in the disassembled state.

In the following it has to be taken into account that the choice of the designation "inside" and "outside" and the reference of the individual components on it, serves only the distinction. A spatial assignment or restriction is not intended.

FIG. 1 shows the hinge 1 according to the invention in an exemplary installed state. As FIG. 1 shows, the hinge 1 according to the invention is arranged between a second element 14 and a first element 13. As can be seen, the hinge 1 has an inner axis of rotation 7 and an outer axis of rotation 8.

For example, the first element 13 is formed by a stationary, immovable wall, a mounting rail, a fixed part of a partition or the like. The second element 14 forms a movable part, such as a door leaf, a movable flap or the like. Of course, it is also conceivable that the first element 13 is also designed as a movable part, the movable parts in the form of the first element 13 and the second element 14 being connected to one another via at least one hinge 1 and also a plurality of first and second elements 13 , 14 can be strung together.

In addition, it is merely assumed by way of example that the first element 13 is stationary and the second element 14 is designed to be movable.

FIG. 2 shows the hinge 1 according to the invention in a disassembled state and with a sectional view rotated in the plane of view. As can be seen, the hinge 1 consists of at least three main parts. An inner hinge part 2 and an associated inner fastening part 11, an outer hinge part 3 and an associated outer fastening part 12 and a hinge part 2 and 3 connecting middle part 4. Here are the inner hinge part 2 and the middle part 4, to form an inner Rotary shaft 7, rotatably connected to each other by an inner hinge pin 5. Similarly, the outer hinge part 3 and the middle part 4 for forming an outer rotation axis 8 by an outer hinge pin 6 rotatably connected to each other. Just as well, the middle part 4 could have one, or both hinge pins 5 and 6.

It is of course advantageous if the inner axis of rotation 7 is preferably arranged axially parallel to the outer axis of rotation 8.

In an exemplified embodiment, as indicated in Figure 2, four receiving holes 9 and 10 are introduced in the middle part. The receiving bore 9 is arranged axially parallel to the inner axis of rotation 7 and the receiving bore 10 axially parallel to the outer axis of rotation 8. The receiving bore 9 receives the hinge pin 5 of the inner hinge part 2 and the receiving bore 10 on the hinge pin 6 of the outer hinge part 3, whereby the two hinge parts 2 and 3 are connected to each other via the middle part 4. The selected in the middle part 4 sectional view is rotated in the plane of view.

Are, as mentioned above, one or both hinge pins 5, 6 arranged in the middle part 4, of course, the corresponding hinge parts 2 and / or 3, the receiving holes 9 and / or 10 on. Of course, other variants in which one or both hinge pins 5, 6 are arranged in the hinge parts 2, 3 conceivable. Combinations are not excluded, in which a hinge pin 5, 6 in a hinge part 2, 3 and the other hinge pin 5, 6 is arranged in the middle part 4.

As can be seen further in FIGS. 1 and 2, and already mentioned, the inner hinge part 2 has an inner fastening part 11 and the outer hinge part 3 has an outer fastening part 12. For example, the hinge 1 is used in a door swiveling on both sides, wherein the inner fastening part 11 of the inner hinge part 2 is connected to the first element 13, and the outer fastening part 12 of the outer hinge part 3 is connected to a second element 14. The first element 13 may be formed for example by a wall element or a mounting profile. The second element 14 is formed for example by a door element / door leaf. The attachment of the respective fastening part 11 and 12 on the first element 13 and the second element 14 can be arbitrary. For example, the screwing of the individual fastening parts 11 and 12 with the first element 13 and the second element 14 is conceivable. Likewise, however, a corresponding adhesive bond or any other suitable joining technique is possible.

As indicated in FIG. 3, it is provided that at least one of the two hinge parts 2, 3 is axially stepped in the region of the axis of rotation 7, 8 in order to form two axially offset end faces 23, 25. In this case, the two axially offset end faces 23, 25 are interconnected by a sliding surface 24. The sliding surface 24 is inclined relative to the respective axis of rotation 7,8 at an angle α. It is further provided that the middle part 4 for forming at least two counter-end surfaces 20, 22 is axially stepped in the region of the axis of rotation 7, 8, wherein the two axially offset counter-end surfaces 20, 22 by a counter sliding surface 21 are interconnected. The counter sliding surface 21 is aligned opposite to the sliding surface 24. The sliding surface 24 and the mating sliding surface 21 are cooperatively juxtaposed and slidably abutting one another.

As shown in FIG. 4, the dead weight of the second element 14 acts on the weight Tg. As a result of the inclination of the sliding surfaces 21, 24 relative to the corresponding axis of rotation 7, 8 by the angle a, corresponding normal forces F2i and F24 result. These act normally on the sliding surfaces 21 and 24. The normal forces F2i and F24 can be decomposed into horizontal and vertical force components F21x and F21z or F24x and F24z.

As long as the sliding surfaces 21 and 24 are in contact with each other, the center part 4 acts with a reaction force FR21x of the horizontal force component F21x. Likewise, the first hinge part 2 counteracts with a reaction force FR24x of the horizontal force component F24x. The two reaction forces FR21x and FR24x lead to the same restoring effect, such as a spring mechanism between one of the hinge parts 2, 3 and the middle part 4. The mentioned force components ensure that between the respective hinge part 2, 3 and the middle part 4 no undefined position established. It is thus ensured by the "cohesion" of a hinge part 2, 3 with the middle part 4. It can be dispensed with a previously mentioned spring mechanism. Furthermore, a mentioned second element 14, which has already carried out a rotary movement about an axis of rotation 7 or 8, as long as the corresponding sliding surfaces 21 and 24 are in contact with each other, automatically moves back into the already mentioned zero position.

The angle α is in a range of 30 ° to 60 °. The actually selected angle α can be dependent on a wide variety of factors. For example, the material pairing and the surface condition of the two contacting sliding surfaces 21 and 24 must be taken into account. For higher surface roughness or poor sliding properties, the angle α must be chosen smaller in order to call for a correspondingly high reaction force FR21x or FR24xher. Also, the necessary force to offset the hinge 1 from a zero position out in rotary motion is dependent on the angle α.

As mentioned, the normal forces F21 and F24 are dependent on the weight Tg, ie the weight of the second element 14. The heavier the second element 14, the greater the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x and vice versa. The hinge 1 can therefore be equally used for differently heavy second elements 14 without having to make an adjustment of the hinge 1. Since the corresponding reaction forces FR21x and FR24xalso depending on the weight of the second element 14 or

Weight Tg, the hinge 1 may also be referred to as "self-adjusting".

As a result of the above-described hinge 1, the sliding surface 24 and the counter sliding surface 24 which are inclined by the angle α are also rotated by at least one axis of rotation 7, 8, as shown in FIGS. 5a to 5c for the inner axis of rotation 7 a lifting or lowering movement. As already described, a second element 14 is connected to the outer hinge part 3 via an outer fastening part 12. If this second element 14 is rotated relative to the exemplary first element 13 in the corresponding direction, that is to say in FIGS. 5 a to 5 c, about the inner axis of rotation 7, the middle part 4 also carries out this rotational movement. The reason for this is, for example, that the middle part 4 is in contact with or abuts against the outer hinge part 3 or the outer fastening part 12. During a rotational movement about the inner axis of rotation 7, this contact between the outer hinge part 3 or the outer fastening part 12 and the middle part 4 remains upright, whereby the middle part 4 is rotated in a rotational movement about the inner axis of rotation 7 with the outer hinge part 3. During the rotational movement, the sliding surface 24 of the inner hinge part 2 first slides on the mating sliding surface 21 of the middle part 4. Characterized in that the sliding surface 24 and the mating sliding surface 21 are inclined to the inner axis of rotation 7, the second element 14 with the middle part 4 together, a, related to the inner axis of rotation 7, longitudinal movement or a lifting movement in the direction of the inner axis of rotation 7 from. As a result, in the course of the rotational movement, the second element 14 is raised relative to the first element 13. By how much the second element 14 is raised depends on the amount by which the end faces 23, 25 or the counter-end faces 20, 22 are axially stepped. The mentioned longitudinal movement or lifting movement in the direction of the inner axis of rotation 7, is carried out until, in response to the rotational movement about the inner axis of rotation 7, the end face 23 of the inner hinge part 2 and the counter-end surface 22 of the central part 4 contact each other. If the rotational movement continues around the inner axis of rotation 7, the end face 23 of the inner hinge part 2 and the counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 slide against one another. In this case, no further longitudinal movement or lifting movement in the direction of the inner axis of rotation 7 is carried out. For example, only the arrangement of inner hinge part 2, middle part 4 and outer hinge part 3 is chosen so that in a rotational movement about the inner axis of rotation 7 of the central part 4 also carries out the rotational movement.

A turning back of the second element 14, that is, a rotation in the opposite direction as just described, causes the end face 23 of the inner hinge part 2 and the counter-end face 22 of the central part 4 are initially still in contact. Upon continuation of the rotational movement occurs again, the sliding surface 24 of the inner hinge part 2 with the

Gegengleitfläche 21 of the middle part 4 in contact. As a result, the previously described reaction forces FR2ix and FR24X act with their restoring effect. The rotational movement continues automatically as a result of the dead weight of the second element 14, with simultaneous sliding of the sliding surface 24 against the counter sliding surface 21. This independent rotation takes place until the zero position is reached. In the neutral position, the middle part 4 also comes into contact with the inner hinge part 2 or the inner fastening part 11.

The continuation of the rotational movement about the inner axis of rotation 7 in the direction just described is not possible. Acts from the outside a force on the attached to the outer fastening part 12, the second element 14, the rotational movement is continued. However, the further rotational movement takes place again about the outer axis of rotation 8. In this case, the central part 4 remains in contact with the inner hinge part 2 or the inner fastening part 11 and does not execute the rotational movement about the outer axis of rotation 8. The zero position can therefore also be described as the position in which there is a continuous rotation about the entire pivoting range of the hinge 1, to a change of the axes of rotation 7,8, around which the rotational movement takes place.

In this way, a lifting / lowering function is realized by the hinge 1 according to the invention. If, for example, the hinge 1 according to the invention is used for a shower enclosure, the lifting / lowering function ensures, for example, that a seal which can be arranged on an edge of the second element 14 facing a floor, a floor pan or the like during the pivotal movement of the second element 14 is lifted. This facilitates on the one hand, due to the reduced friction, the pivoting movement, on the other hand, the wear of such a seal is significantly reduced.

As can further be seen in FIGS. 5 a to 5 c, the inner axis of rotation 7 and the outer axis of rotation 8 of the hinge 1 lie outside the plane formed by the second element 14 and / or the first element 13.

Thereby, and by the connection of the inner hinge part 2 with the outer hinge part 3 via the middle part 4, is for the hinge 1, a total pivoting range of the second element 14 of 360 ° or a pivoting range of 180 ° about the inner axis of rotation 7 and the outer Rotary axis 8 allows. A section in the second element 14 and / or in the first element 13 in order to prevent queuing and thus to realize a corresponding pivoting range is not necessary.

Figures 6a and 6b show the central part 4 and the first hinge part 2 in a reduced configuration. In order not to unnecessarily limit the recognizability of the individual surfaces, in Figures 6a and 6b, neither in the middle part 4 nor in the inner hinge part 2 of the ent speaking inner hinge pin 5 is shown. This could, as already mentioned, be arranged either in the middle part 4 or in the inner hinge part 2. In the illustrated variant, the counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 is reduced to a minimum, whereby the function is not limited. In a comprehensible manner, as can be seen in FIG. 6b, the inner hinge part 2 is formed correspondingly opposite to one another. In this case, the end face 25 of the inner hinge part 2 is executed reduced accordingly. Sliding, as just described, the end face 23 of the inner hinge part 2 and the counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 to each other, resulting in such an embodiment, correspondingly high pressures or surface pressures. For this reason, especially with such a reduced variant, attention must be paid to the appropriate choice of material, in particular with respect to the end face 23 and the counter-end face 22.

For example, in the zero position described above, the end face 23 with the counter-end face 20 and the end face 25 with the counter-end face 22 are in contact. As a result, the weight Tg of the second element 14 is transmitted via the end faces 23, 25 and the counter-end faces 20, 22. The aforementioned normal forces F2i and F24 and the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x therefore do not work. On the hinge part 2, 3 thus no forces with restoring effect. As a result, the hinge part 2, 3 remains in the zero position, except it will be introduced from outside corresponding forces, for example, as the second element 14 is moved.

However, this would be associated with the considerable disadvantage that the cohesion of the hinge part 2, 3 with the central part 4 can not be guaranteed, as it was called in connection with the restoring effect of the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x. In order to avoid the loss of cohesion, it must be ensured that in the zero position despite the lowered state of the hinge 1, the abovementioned end faces 23, 25 do not come into contact with the counter-end face 20, 22. This can be achieved, for example, by coming into contact between central part 4, the inner fastening part 11 of the inner hinge part 2 and the outer fastening part 12 of the outer hinge part 3 in the course of the turning back, before the end faces 23 with the counter-end face 20 and the End faces 25 come into contact with the counter-end surface 22. Such a situation between middle part 4 and the inner fastening part 11 of the inner hinge part 2 is shown by way of example in FIG. 3 already described. It is provided that between the end faces 23, 25 and the counter-end surfaces 20, 22 in this state of the zero position reached a gap X remains. As a result, the normal forces F21 and F24 and the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x continue to act. Despite reaching the zero position, thus acting those force components through which it comes to the restoring effect. The end faces 23, 25 and the counter-end faces 20, 22 do not contact each other and the "cohesion" of the hinge 1 is nevertheless ensured.

In order to improve the balance of power, it can be provided that the two axially offset end faces 23, 25 of at least one hinge part 2, 3 are connected to each other by at least one further sliding surface 124. This can be seen by way of example in FIG. 7b. The further sliding surface 124 is inclined with respect to the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 with opposite orientation as the sliding surface 24. Furthermore, an opposite counter-sliding surface 121 is provided on the middle part 4. In the case of a relative movement between at least one hinge part 2, 3 and the middle part 4, either an end face 23 of at least one hinge part 2, 3 and a counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 or the sliding face 24 and the counter-slide face 21 are arranged cooperatively abutting one another and sliding against one another. If these are provided, of course, the further sliding surface 124 and the further counter sliding surface 121 are equally in contact with each other. As a result, the normal forces F2i and F24, as shown in FIG. 4, are divided between two sliding surfaces 24 and 124 or, in the middle part 4, two opposing sliding surfaces 21 and 121. As a result, the normal forces F21 and F24 acting in the respective sliding surface 21, 24 and counter sliding surface 121, 124 are halved and the wear is considerably reduced. As fit to the figure 7a shows, the middle part 4 is formed in accordance with the same.

With regard to FIGS. 7a and 7b, it should again be mentioned that in order not to unnecessarily limit the recognizability of the individual surfaces, in FIGS. 7a and 7b neither the middle part 4 nor the inner hinge part 2 is shown with the corresponding inner hinge pin 5.

According to the invention, the sliding surface 24 and the mating sliding surface 21 or the further sliding surface 124 and the further mating sliding surface 121 are arranged in a relative movement between at least one hinge part 2, 3 and the middle part 4 in a cooperative manner and are slidably abutting one another. In this case, either an end face 23 of at least one hinge part 2, 3 and a counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 or the sliding face 24 and the mating sliding face 21 or the further sliding face 124 and the further mating sliding face 121 are in contact with each other. In this way, the aforementioned reaction forces FR21x and FR24x result when the sliding surfaces 24, 124 and the counter sliding surfaces 21, 121 are in contact with each other. This results, as already described, in that the second element 14 is pressed into a zero position or into a lowered position. Otherwise, the second element 14 can readily be pivoted further, ie without having to overcome the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x, since the end face 23 and the counter-end face 22 are in contact with one another.

It should also be mentioned that, as can be seen in FIGS. 6a, 6b and 7a, 7b, the end face 23 of at least one hinge part 2, 3 has a formation 74 and a counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 has a counter-formation 71. When rotated about the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 by a certain angle, the molding 74 and the Gegenausformung 71 releasably engaged. If the second element 14 is thus pivoted so far that the end face 23 of a hinge part 2 or 3 and the counter-end face 22 of the middle part 4 are in contact with each other, it is possible that upon further pivoting by a certain angle, the formation 74 in the Gegenausformung 71 solvable locks. Under "releasably engage each other" is to be provided that a further or pivoting back by simple, manual further rotation is possible. In this case, the formation 74 separates again from the associated Gegenausformung 71. This interaction of the molding 74 and the Gegenausformung 71 allows, for example, the persistence of the second element 14 in a correspondingly defined position. Such a locked, opened position of the second member 14, for example, in the cleaning of the second member 14 may be advantageous.

The molding 74 and the Gegenausformung 71 may be formed, for example, by a hemispherical elevation and by a gegengleiche, hemispherical indentation in the end face 23 and the counter-end surface 22. It is also conceivable for the molding 74 to be designed as a counter-formation 71 by a radial web pointing toward the inner axis of rotation 7 and a diametrically opposite radial groove. Such a variant of the counter-shaping 71 can be seen schematically in FIG. The contours of the molding 74 and the Gegenausformung 71 are possible to choose so that in particular the disengagement or further or pivoting back, without considerable effort is possible.

In order to ensure the cohesion of the hinge parts 2 and 3 and the middle part 4 in a zero position mentioned above, a further embodiment may be provided, contrary to the already described variant of the stop between the middle part 4 and the hinge parts 2, 3.

Characterized in that the two end faces 23 and 25 are axially offset from each other and are connected by a sliding surface 24, there is inevitably the need to compensate for the axial offset or the resulting difference in level by a be-spaced from the sliding surface 24, further surface.

On at least one hinge part 2, 3 is therefore a spaced from the sliding surface 24 connecting surface between the two end faces 23 and 25 designed as a stop 84. For this purpose, an opposite, spaced from the mating sliding surface 21 connecting surface between the two counter-end surfaces 20 and 22 is designed as a counter-stop 81 at the middle part 4. For this purpose, for example, Figures 6a and 6b and 7a and 7b, the middle part 4 and the inner hinge part 2 in the embodiment just mentioned.

The corresponding axial stop 84 is clearly visible in FIGS. 6 and 7b. The axial stop 84 is designed such that the two end faces 25 and 23 are connected together in the form of a continuous surface. However, such a variant is chosen only as an example. Also, that the end faces 25 and 23 with the above-mentioned, continuous surface through which the stopper 84 is formed to include approximately 90 ° is merely exemplary. Quite analogously to the previously described variant of contacting the middle part 4 and a hinge part 2, 3 in the zero position, the dead weight of the second element 14 in this variant as long as a rotational movement about the respective axis of rotation 7, 8, until the stop 84 and the formed on the central part 4 counter-stop 81 contact each other. Also in this case, a further rotational movement about the axis of rotation 7, 8, around which the rotational movement just described was performed, inhibited. The axial stop 84 and the axial counter-stop 81 therefore form a variant for a stop in the zero position. In this case, the middle part 4 and the two hinge parts 2, 3, for example, be formed such that it does not come into contact in the zero position between them. The above-mentioned angle between end faces 25, 23 and the stop 84 must therefore be selected only so that from a reached zero position, a further rotational movement about the respective axis of rotation 7 or 8 is inhibited. By "inhibited" is to be understood that it comes with a continued rotation to change the axis of rotation 7, 8, around which the rotational movement is performed. Of course, the stop 84 and also the counter stop 81 need not necessarily be formed by a flat surface. Other variants, such as concave or gegengleiche convex surfaces are quite conceivable.

In Figure 2 is ansatzweise and only schematically indicated that the inner hinge part 2 and the outer hinge part 3 are executed in the embodiments already described. As a result, even with a rotational movement about the outer axis of rotation 8, as shown in Figures 8a to 8c, there is a lifting or lowering movement and thus the advantages mentioned above. In the arrangement of the central part 4, which is chosen by way of example, the central part 4 does not execute the rotary movement when the second element 14 rotates about the outer axis of rotation 8. The reason for this, as already described above, is that either the middle part 4 is in contact with the inner hinge part 2 or the inner fastening part 11, or that the stopper 84 contacts the counterstop 81. In the rotational movement about the outer rotation axis 8 shown in FIGS. 8a to 8c, this contact remains upright and rotation of the middle part 4 is prevented. The middle part 4 and the inner hinge part 2 therefore remain in a rotational movement about the outer rotation axis 8, shown in FIGS. 8a to 8c, in zero position.

Of course, the arrangement of the central part 4 and the arrangement of the stops can be freely chosen to that effect. This or these could also be arranged so that the central part 4 does not carry out the rotational movement with a rotational movement about the inner rotary axis 7 and with a rotational movement about the outer axis of rotation 8 carries out the rotational movement with.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the aforementioned angle α of the sliding surfaces 21,24 with respect to the inner axis of rotation 7 may have a different amount, as with respect to the outer axis of rotation 8. As a result, a different swing behavior resulting after which about which axis of rotation 7, 8 is pivoted , For example, a larger angle α would allow pivoting with less effort. Likewise, the amount by which the end faces 23, 25 and the counter-end faces 20, 22 are axially stepped, with respect to the inner axis of rotation 7 and outer axis of rotation 8 differ. In a rotational movement, for example, about the inner axis of rotation 7, it can be provided that the second element 14 raises or lowers by a smaller amount than in a rotational movement about the outer axis of rotation 8. By these measures, local conditions under which the hinge 1, are taken into account accordingly.

To be able to receive an insert part 54 or counter insert part 51, a bore 36 which is coaxial to the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 is provided in the inner hinge part 2 or in the outer hinge part 3 or also in the middle part 4. The insert member 54 has the end faces 23, 25, the sliding surface 24 and / or the further sliding surface 124 and / or the molding 74 and / or the stop 84. Of course, a Gegeneinsatzteil 51 may be provided. This has the counter-end faces 20, 22, the Gegengleitfläche 21 and / or the further Gegengleitfläche 121 and / or the Gegenausformung 71 and / or the counter-stop 81.

Such an insert 54 in combination with a counter insert 51 is shown in FIGS. 9-11.

The insert 54 and the counter insert 51 may for example be made of appropriately wear-resistant materials, which have the best possible sliding properties. By way of example only, PTFE, commonly known as Teflon®, may be mentioned here. If insert parts 54 and counter insert parts 51 are provided both in the inner hinge part 2 and in the outer hinge part 3 and in the middle part 4, the advantages are best possible. However, it is also possible that only in the inner hinge part 2 or in the outer hinge part 3, an insert part 54, or a Gegeneinsatzteil 51 is provided, which is then in contact with the correspondingly shaped middle part 4.

Furthermore, in the particularly advantageous embodiment, which is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, provision is made for the insert part 54 and / or the counter insert part 51 to have at least one radial peripheral surface 26 with elevations 250 extending axially in the direction of the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 and / or a radial flattening 251 and the coaxial bore 36 is designed in accordance with the same counter to form a rotation. The at least one anti-rotation device ensures that the insert part 54 and / or the counter insert part 51 does not rotate within the respective hinge part 2, 3 and / or in the middle part 4.

Figures 9 to 11 show an exemplary combination of possible embodiments of a rotation. On the insert 54 are provided as an anti-rotation example, two in the direction of the axis of rotation axially extending elevations 250. Of course, the respective hinge part 2, 3 or the middle part 4 or the bore 36 must have corresponding diametrically opposed grooves, with which the elevations 250 can interact. In the event that the insert 54 and counter insert 51 have a circular cross-section normal to the axis of rotation 7, 8, that peripheral surface 26, which is intended to be arranged in a hinge part 2, 3 or in the middle part 4, can not be made circular. For this purpose, for example, a radial flattening 251 may be provided on the peripheral surface 26. In FIG. 12, in particular with reference to the selected sectional view, the example of the central part 4 shows that the bores 36, in which, for example, the counter insert part 51 is arranged, likewise have the corresponding non-circular cross section. In this way, the mentioned radial flattening 251 on the peripheral surface of the insert member 54 or counter insert member 51 interact with the correspondingly shaped bore 36 as rotation. Such a variant of the anti-twist device is shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 by way of example on the counter insert part 51.

FIG. 11 shows the insert part 54 and the counter insert part 51 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 in a state displaced along the corresponding axis of rotation 7, 8, as a result of which the hinge pin 5, 6 is visible. In particular, the counter-end surfaces 20 and 22, the counter-sliding surface 21, the counter-abutment 81 and the counter-formation 71 on the counterpart insert 51 can be seen. Also, the molding 74 on the insert 54 and the corresponding Gegenausformung 71 on the mating insert 51 is shown in ream.

When using an insert part 54 or a counterpart insert 51, it is possible to arrange the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 in any desired angular position in the inner hinge part 2, outer hinge part 3 or the middle part 4. In particular, with regard to the anti-rotation is to be noted that the hinge parts 2.3 and the middle part 4 must be adjusted accordingly. If the hinge 1 is used, for example, in a shower enclosure, the angular position of the first element 13 relative to the second element 14 can be selected in this way in the zero position described above. If the insert part 54 or the counter insert part 51 is arranged around the respective axis of rotation 7,8 in a certain angular position in the hinge part 2, 3 or in the middle part 4, a corresponding positioning of the sliding surface 24 resp of the mating sliding surface 21 and also of all other, already mentioned surfaces, formations and attacks. In a polygonal, for example, regular, hexagonal shower area, in which one of the sides of a hexagonal shower enclosure is formed by the second element 14 in the form of a door element, results between the second element 14 and an adjacent first element 13, an angle of 120 ° or 240 °, depending on whether measured from inside or outside the shower area. By arranging the insert 54 or Gegeneinsatzteils 51 just described in a certain angular position about the respective axis of rotation 7,8, an adjustment of the zero position of such circumstances is possible.

In the manufacture of the hinge parts 2 and 3 and the middle part 4, it should be noted that the bores 36 in which the insert part 54 and / or the counterpart insert part 51 are arranged are subject to certain manufacturing tolerances. In order nevertheless to ensure the secure hold of the insert part 54 and / or counter insert part 51, it can be provided that the insert part 54 and / or the counter insert part 51 has at least one radial peripheral surface 26 with at least one radially projecting elevation 27. The radially projecting elevation 27 can be seen particularly well in FIGS. 8 to 11. It can be seen that a plurality of radially protruding elevations 27 may be provided on the radial peripheral surface 26.

By the radially projecting elevations 27, the circumference of the radial peripheral surface 26 and the corresponding diameter increases. The mentioned holes 36 therefore have, depending on the manufacturing tolerance, a more or less, too small diameter to receive an insert 54 and / or counter insert 51. In the course of assembly, the protruding elevation 27 is correspondingly deformed or also removed, since the insert part 54 and / or the counter insert part 51 are pressed into the "too small" bore. As a result, the insert part 54 and / or counter insert part 51 adapts correspondingly to the respective hinge part 2, 3 and / or the middle part 4. In this way, the safe, backlash-free seat in the respective hinge part 2,3 and / or the middle part 4 can be ensured.

Despite this play-free seat can be provided that the insert part 54 or the counter insert part 51 along the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 slidably disposed in the bore 36. The displaceable along the respective axis of rotation 7 or 8 arrangement of the insert part 54 or the counter insert part 51 in the respective hinge parts 2, 3 or the middle part 4, or in the respective bore 36, allows any manufacturing tolerances or deviations in the course of assembly to compensate for the described adjustability.

The resulting advantage is particularly noticeable when two hinges 1 are used on, for example, a second element 14. During assembly, it may turn out that one of the two hinges 1 sets a game. For example, only in one of the two hinges 1 already sliding surface 24 and mating sliding surface 21 and, for example, the stopper 84 with the counter-stop 81 in contact. As a result of the fact that the dead weight of the second element 14 is now absorbed by only one hinge 1, the normal forces F2i and F24 and / or the reaction forces FR21x and FR24x do not arise on the sliding surface 24 and the mating sliding surface 21 of the second hinge 1. This can, as already stated, cause the second hinge 1 assumes an already mentioned at the beginning, undefined position.

By way of example, FIG. 12 shows the middle part 4 with counter insert parts 51 arranged by way of example therein. By way of example, the two hinge pins 5, 6 are inserted in the respective counter insert part 51. At the, the respective hinge pin 5, 6 opposite side of the central part 4, a threaded bore 40 in the middle part 4 is provided in each case. These are coaxial with the respective axis of rotation 7, 8. By means of a screw-in element 41, shown schematically as a screw with hexagon socket, the respective counter insert 51 can be moved in the direction of the respective axis of rotation 7, 8.

If, in the course of assembly of at least two hinges 1 on a second element 14, a just mentioned play thus results in one or more of the hinges 1, the possibility of this play can be compensated by turning the screw-in element 41.

As can be seen further in FIG. 12, the screw-in element 41 or the threaded bore 40 provided for this purpose are concealed in the middle part 4 by a cover 42. This prevents impurities from collecting on the screwable element 41 or in the threaded bore 40.

As an additional assurance of the thus set axial position of the respective counter insert 51, a fixing screw 44 may be provided. For this purpose, at least one further threaded bore 43 is provided in the middle part 4. This connects the outer contour of the central part 4 with the respective bore 36 in which the counter insert part 51 is inserted. The further threaded bore 43 lies in that region in which, with the counter insert part 51 inserted, its radial peripheral surface 26 comes to rest. For example only, the further threaded bore 43 is shown in normal on the respective axis of rotation 7, 8 in FIG. By appropriate screwing and tightening the respective fixing screw 44, the respective counter insert part 51, in a known manner, can be fixed in its axial position in the middle part 4.

Of course, a just described adjustment or displacement mechanism can also be provided in the inner hinge part 2 and / or in the outer hinge part 3 for adjustment.

Due to the described hinge 1, a hinge 1 with a lifting / lowering mechanism is formed with a low component complexity and high ease of maintenance, which has the largest possible pivoting range and, as already mentioned, advantageously applies to a double-sided pivotable second element 4.

In connection with the use for a door pivotable on both sides, for example in connection with a shower enclosure, reference is made to a detail in FIG. In Figure 13, the hinge 1 is shown in the disassembled state.

FIG. 13 shows, inter alia, a seal 90, comprising a first sealing element 91 with a first fastening edge 92 and a first sealing edge 93, and a second sealing element 94 with a second fastening edge 95 and a second sealing edge 96. The first sealing element 91 is with its first Befestigungskannte 92 on the first element 13 and the second sealing member 94 with its second Befestigungskannte 95 attached to the second element 14. In the assembled state of the hinge 1, the two sealing edges 93 and 96 contact each other in a sealing manner. However, the two-part embodiment of the seal 90 is merely exemplary. Also, a one-piece seal 90 may be provided, which has only a first Befestigungskannte 92 and a first sealing edge 93. For example, then the seal 90 is attached to the first Befestigungskannte 92 on the second element 4 and contacted with the first sealing edge 93, the first element 13 in a sealing manner. Of course, a variety of other designs for the seal 90 is conceivable. Basically, it is important to avoid the escape of spray water in an outdoor area of the shower enclosure.

As can be understood by FIGS. 1 to 13, in the case of the hinge 1 according to the invention it is possible to remove or mount a second element 14 as required. This can be advantageous in particular during assembly, adjustment or disassembly in the course of an exchange. After hanging the second element 14, a defined position of the second element 14 is ensured again. Possibly altered properties of the second element 14, for example a change in its weight, have no influence on this.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 hinge 42 cover 2 inner hinge part 43 further threaded hole 3 outer hinge part 44 fixing screw 4 middle 51 counter insert 5 inner hinge pin 54 insert 6 outer hinge pin 71 Gegenausformung 7 inner rotation axis 74 molding 8 outer rotation axis 81 counter stop 9, 10 receiving bore 84 stop 11 inner mounting part 90th Seal 12 Outer mounting part 91 First sealing element 13 First element 92 First fastening edge 14 Second element 93 First sealing edge 20,22 Counterframe surface 94 Second sealing element 21 Counter sliding surface 95 Second fastening Known 23,25 End surface 96 Second sealing edge 24 Sliding surface 250 Axially extending projection 26 Radial peripheral surface 251 Radial flattening 27 radially protruding elevation F2i, F24 normal forces 36 borehole F2ix, F24X horizontal force comp. 40 threaded hole F2iz, F24Z vertictal force comp. 41 screw-in element FR21x, FR24x reaction force

Tg weight α angle

Claims (10)

1. Hinge (1) with an inner hinge part (2) and an associated inner fastening part (11), with an outer hinge part (3) and an associated outer fastening part (12), with one of the two hinge parts (2, 3 ), wherein the inner hinge part (2) and the central part (4) for forming an inner rotation axis (7) by an inner hinge pin (5) are rotatably connected together and the outer hinge part (3) and the middle part ( 4) for forming an outer axis of rotation (8) by an outer hinge pin (6) are rotatably connected to each other, characterized in that at least one of the two hinge parts (2,3) for forming two axially offset end faces (23, 25) in the area the axis of rotation 7, 8 is axially stepped, wherein the two axially offset end faces (23, 25) by a sliding surface (24) are interconnected and the sliding surface (24) relative to the is inclined at an angle (a) that the central part (4) for forming at least two counter-end faces (20, 22) in the region of the rotation axis 7, 8 is axially stepped, wherein the two axially offset counter-end faces (20, 22) are interconnected by a mating sliding surface (21) and the mating sliding surface (21) is aligned with respect to the sliding surface (24), and that the sliding surface (24) and the mating sliding surface (21) are cooperatively disposed adjacent to each other and sliding against each other , 2. Hinge (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two axially offset end faces (23, 25) at least one hinge part (2, 3) by at least one further sliding surface (124) are interconnected and the further sliding surface (124) with respect to the respective axis of rotation (7, 8) with opposite orientation as the sliding surface (24) is inclined, that at the central part (4) is provided a gegengleiche other mating sliding surface (121) and that in a relative movement between at least one hinge part (2.3) and the Central part (4) either an end face (23) of at least one hinge part (2.3) and a counter-end face (22) of the central part (4) or the sliding surface (24) and the Gegengleitfläche (21) and further the further sliding surface (124) and the other Gegengleitfläche (121) cooperating to each other and are arranged to slide off each other. 3. Hinge (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the end face (23) at least one hinge part (2, 3) has a formation (74) and a counter-end face (22) of the central part (4) has a Gegenausformung (71 ) and the formation (74) and the Gegenausformung (71) at a rotation about the respective axis of rotation (7, 8) by a certain angle, releasably snap into each other. 4. Hinge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that on at least one hinge part (2, 3) one of the sliding surface (24) spaced connection surface between the two end faces (23) and (25) as a stop ( 84) and at the middle part (4) a counter-same, of the mating sliding surface (21) spaced connection surface between the two counter-end surfaces (20) and (22) is designed as a counter-stop (81). 5. Hinge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner hinge part (2) and the outer hinge part (3) is designed according to the preceding claims. 6. Hinge (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the two hinge parts (2,3) and / or the central part (4), to the respective axis of rotation (7, 8) coaxial bore (36 ), in which an insert part (54) with the end faces (23, 25) and the sliding surface (24) and / or the further sliding surface (124) and / or the molding (74) and / or the stop (84) or a counter insert part (51) with the counter-end faces (20, 22) and the counter sliding surface (21) and / or the further counter sliding surface (121) and / or the Gegenausformung (71) and / or the counter stop (81) is inserted. 7. Hinge (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the insert part (54) and / or the Gegeneinsatzteil (51) at least one radial peripheral surface (26) with a in the direction of the respective axis of rotation (7, 8) axially extending elevations (250) and / or a radial flattening (251) and the coaxial bore (36) is designed to form a rotation corresponding to the same. 8. Hinge (1) according to any one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the insert part (54) and / or the counter insert part (51) has at least one radial peripheral surface (26) with at least one radially protruding elevation (27). 9. Hinge (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the insert part (54) or the counter insert part (51) along the respective axis of rotation (7, 8) in the bore (36) is slidably disposed. 10. The use of the hinge (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in a hinged door on both sides wherein the inner fastening part (11) of the inner hinge part (2) with a first element (13), and the outer fastening part (12) of outer hinge part (3) with a second element (14) is connected.