AT512761B1 - Escape sign luminaire, in particular for installation in electrified rail tunnels and the associated operational control procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a safety light (201), in particular an escape sign light, which has at least one opaque light distribution disc (233) or a light emission surface (205) which can be covered with a lens structure-affecting illumination disc. So that the safety light (201) can be used in electrified special buildings, the integrated light module serves as an electronic control gear for at least two LEDs connected in series, which, with their light-emitting orientation, are aligned with a translucent area in a separate, insulating housing.

Description

EMERGENCY SIGN LIGHT, IN PARTICULAR FOR INSTALLATION IN ELECTRIFIED RAILWAY TUNNELS The present invention relates to a safety light which can be installed in such unusual places as in tunnels for rail vehicles. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an operating method to be equipped with safety lights, by means of which lights which, for. B. can be installed in tunnels, can be checked for functionality.

PRIOR ART [0002] Escape route lights and escape sign lights are specified by standards in many European countries. The standards determine such aspects as: B. the minimum brightness of the luminaire, the contrast to be observed, the maximum permissible difference between the brightest and darkest in the pictogram, etc. A standard that must be observed in this context is DIN EN 1838.

Escape route and escape sign lights are usually installed at dry, well-supplied assembly points, such as. B. Hotels, ballrooms and restaurants offer it. However, the assumption that only a few mechanical, physical and chemical influences and effects on the escape route and escape sign luminaire occur at the installation site is not always correct. For example, locations for escape route and escape sign luminaires are planned which, on the one hand, are subject to more stringent conditions for the escape route and escape sign luminaire and, on the other hand, are also aimed at other standards and regulations for the entire structure and thus for the escape route and escape sign luminaire. Such a special application are electrified tunnels, e.g. B. for rail traffic. In these structures, framework conditions are created by the execution of the structure in z. B. Soil with water-bearing layers prescribed by standards, e.g. B. by DIN 1054, DIN 1055-1 and DIN 4085.

The tunnels are built with such diameters that the tunnel tube for the intended use, e.g. B. is sufficiently dimensioned for the passage of trains. All additional fittings such as escape route and escape sign luminaires should be present, but should not contribute to an increase in the tunnel tube diameter. So that the lights are clearly visible, they should generally be installed in the overhead area, i.e. where the roof or the apex of the tunnel tube is present. An exact installation location often only results from the conditions found in the tunnel tube. If the electrical planner of the emergency lighting for the tunnel tube makes the requirement that the tunnel tube should be higher because the emergency lighting system must be installed in the upper area of the tunnel tube, he often receives incomprehension from both the developer and the tunnel user and is not confronted with the request want to contribute to the enlargement of the building. A realization that has so far been found in some tunnels is to enclose the protective grille of common escape route and escape sign luminaires with a close-meshed grille, which, however, reduce the light yield due to their grille structure.

Various escape route and escape sign luminaires are already known from the property rights literature.

DE 20 2010 005 176 U1 (applicant: Wallroth; filing date: April 12, 2010) describes an LED emergency lighting system with at least one LED and a further illuminant which is in a lamp holder. The light from the LED is coupled out via a lens. The lens is shown in the vicinity of the lamp housing in the figure of DE 20 2010 005 176 Ü1. If several LEDs are to be used, they can be arranged side by side. An LED supply and monitoring module is located on the side of the interior and is separated from a circuit board for the LED or the LEDs.

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian Patent Office [0007] DE 10 2009 022 874 A1 (applicant: RP-Technik e. K .; filing date: May 27, 2009) describes, inter alia, a security lamp with a lamp such as a fluorescent lamp or an LED and a ballast for the electrical supply of the lamp. The illuminant can comprise several LEDs, which are connected in series.

The German patent application with the official file number DE 10 2010 014 614 A1 (applicants: ROPAG High Tech e. K., RP-Technik e. K .; filing date: April 10, 2010) describes a disc light that acts as a safety light, escape sign light or escape route light can be used and has a basic housing. On the basis of the basic housing, the disc light can be put together in modules. The basic housing can be used to hold lighting electronics and one or more suitable lamps such as LEDs. The illuminants or the LEDs are located in or on the basic housing. The modular concept implemented in that luminaire also allows the basic housing to be closed at its ends with cover caps and thus, in particular, to improve splash water safety. Further measures for the production of special protection classes are not addressed in the description.

In the German utility model DE 20 2010 002 049 U1 (owner: Zumtobel Lighting GmbH; filing date: February 9, 2010), a lamp is described in which for homogenizing the light, the z. B. to be generated by several LEDs arranged in a row, two transparent light influencing elements are present. A first light influencing element is a flexible, curved film, which is also referred to as a diffuser. Foil and light sources or LEDs can be fastened together on a device carrier for a device for operating the light sources. The curvature of the film should be designed so that the distance from the light sources is as uniform as possible. As a second light influencing element, a signal display element is provided, such as. B. an escape route display. This element can be designed so that it has a cuboid radiating body. This radiating body should be able to hold the first light influencing element and the light sources in its interior and should also be held on the device carrier. DE 20 2010 002 049 U1 thus proposes to arrange an equipment carrier inside a cuboid radiating body. The problem addressed in the publication is an inhomogeneous light distribution which can be observed in some luminaires. Which protection class the luminaire presented can fulfill is not discussed in this context.

[0010] US 5 950 340 A (owner: Fay Kann-Kyone Woo; filing date: February 2, 1999) describes a luminaire in the form of a display box for a sign such as “EXIT. If the light exit body is cut crosswise, it has a V-shape on which a positioning block is placed, which has through holes for LEDs. The operating electronics and a cover sit over it. Several light refractive surface areas should be present on the inside of the light exit body. It is also suggested to fill this body with a liquid that is supposed to deflect the light. Instead of keeping liquids out of the luminaire, US Pat. No. 5,950,340 A operates in contrast to this by influencing the wavelength due to liquids.

From DE 101 23 006 A1 (applicant: P.E.R. Flucht- und Rettungsleitsysteme GmbH; filing date: May 12, 2001), a lighting device for generating an actively afterglowing signal area is known, which is to shine with the aid of LEDs with low power requirements. In an emergency, the supply can therefore come from an accumulator or capacitor. In normal cases, however, the supply from an external power supply with a low voltage is provided, as usual. In addition, there should be an LED charge status indicator on the outside of a mounting profile. The mounting profile is used for ceiling mounting of the lamp. The LEDs sit in a groove on a polycarbonate illuminated sign. This is to avoid stray light. Special measures to be able to comply with protection classes are not propagated in DE 101 23 006 A1.

Further representations of safety lights with LEDs can also be found in other places in the patent literature, for. B. in

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DE 10 2008 017 656 A1 (applicant: RP-Technik e.K .;

Joined: 05/04/2008)

DE 10 2008 051 187 B4 (applicant: RP-Technik e.K .;

Registration date: October 14, 2008),

DE 20 2008 008 555 U1 (Applicant: Pasedag, Roland;

Joined: 06/30/2008)

DE 20 2008 008 977 U1 (Applicant: Pasedag, Roland;

Registration date: July 4th, 2008),

EP 2 184 628 A2 (applicant: CEAG Notlichtsysteme GMBH;

Priority dates: 06.11.2008, 28.01.2009),

DE 20 2009 001 048 U1 (applicant: CEAG Notlichtsysteme GMBH;

Registration date: January 28, 2009),

DE 20 2005 010 706 U1 (Applicant: Dr.-lng. Willing GMBH;

Registration date: 06.07.2005),

DE 197 47 078 A1 (Applicant: Dr.-lng. Willing GMBH;

Registration date: October 24, 1997),

DE 20 2006 014 352 U1 (Applicant: Zumtobel Lighting GmbH;

Registration date: 19.09.2006) and

DE 101 49 860 A1 (Applicant: AXSYN GmbH;

Registration date: 10.10.2001).

With the luminaires described in the cited references, however, approval for the installation of these luminaires in railway tunnels without taking additional measures should not be available.

Instead, relevant suppliers are searched in the catalogs, so there are numerous different escape sign luminaires to be found, e.g. B. in the catalog

1. of the manufacturer RP-Technik e. K., with the designation "EMERGENCY LIGHTING SYSTEMS, ISSUE 8 from 2010, in particular pages 21 to 96,

2. of the manufacturer Inotec Sicherheitstechnik GmbH, with the designation "LED escape sign luminaire, edition 3 from 2011, in particular pages 2 to 7,

3. of the distributor SCHRACK TECHNIK GMBH, with the name “LED-RETTUNGSZEICHENLEUCHTEN, in particular pages 4 to 23,

4. of the manufacturer LiSol Gesellschaft für Licht-u-Solartechnik mbH, product data for LED emergency sign luminaires / LED pictogram luminaires of the "EXIT series", in particular pages 7 to 18 and

5. of the manufacturer CEAG Notlichtsysteme GmbH, with the designation "CEAG trade catalog 2011 - emergency lighting from 2011, in particular pages 8 to 24 and 44 to 45.

These lights often encounter reservations from authorities responsible for the acceptance of train tunnels, unless additional protective measures are taken.

Security lights using LEDs are promising. The use of LEDs as illuminants has become widespread. There are suppliers who offer boards on which not only LEDs, but also control electronics necessary for the LEDs, which perform the function of an electronic ballast, are available. Such an LED circuit board can be obtained from Holtek Semiconductor Inc. from 115 Taipei, Taiwan under the name “HT7L4091, which is also referred to there as a 220V LED T9 tube.

A description for an LED module is known from EP 2 206 150 B1 (patent owner: Rudolf Zimmermann, Bamberg GmbH; priority date: November 21, 2008). The description recommends that the LEDs be completely cast in. This is certainly a measure of how moisture can be kept away from the LED chips of the LED module. But this approach creates

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office has a significant thermal problem.

TASK There is a need for a security light, in particular an escape sign luminaire, which is used to illuminate an escape route in electrified special buildings, such as. B. can be used in tunnels for rail vehicles. Here, the luminaire should be able to cope with the particularly harsh conditions of its installation location and still be regarded as a standard luminaire.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object according to the invention is achieved by a safety lamp according to claim 1, a suitable operating method for such safety lamps can be found in claim 15. Advantageous further developments can be found in the dependent claims.

A security lamp serves to adequately illuminate an escape route, in particular in a dangerous situation, for passers-by and refugees. There are safety lights with escape signs. The escape signs are often backlit for better visibility, so that light escapes through the escape sign itself. The escape sign is thus carried by the safety light. Depending on the chosen installation location, safety lights are often equipped with several pictograms, so that the respective viewer sees the escape sign from different directions, which gives them the clearest or easiest way of knowing the escape route. Depending on the application, some safety lights can be converted. With some safety lights, one or more pictograms can be attached or installed. In order to ensure illumination in the vicinity of the safety light that does not cause panic, opaque light distribution disks are often used, which let the light emerge more diffusely from the safety light. According to the standard, minimum brightness levels in the escape route area must be observed. The refugees should be able to see the surface on which they should put their feet sufficiently. For this reason, a security lamp can also be constructed with lenses in its light distribution disk or in its illumination disk, by means of which the light of the security lamp is brought into a illumination area in a more focused manner. In safety lights, the light is advantageously transported from an interior to the outside. Here, the light passes through one or more pictograms, through one or more light distribution disks or through one or more illuminated disks. A light module is provided to generate the light in the interior of the safety light. The luminaire module converts the electrical current and the electrical voltage in such a way that sufficient light can be generated for the safety luminaire with the help of lamps such as LEDs. Depending on the chosen installation location, safety lights can be equipped differently on different areas, they preferably have large-area display areas (i.e., more than 70% of the surface of a page is the display area), e.g. B. a pictogram on one side, while a light distribution disk is arranged on another side.

The lamp module comprises an electronic control gear. The electronic control gear is an electronic unit that can supply LEDs with electricity. In addition, the operating device advantageously offers further electrical and electronic circuits, e.g. B. to monitor the functionality of the LEDs or to switch the LEDs on and off during certain operating phases or during certain operating states. If the electronics detect a sufficient brightness in the area surrounding the safety light, then such electronics ideally regulate the brightness of the own safety light. This reduces the current consumed and thus the heat development in the luminaire.

Safety lights can be used particularly advantageously if they are directly connected to a common supply voltage, such as. B. 232 V in Europe or 110 V in American countries. With the aid of the luminaire module or the electronic control gear, the operating current suitable for the LEDs can be obtained from an AC voltage supply

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office or the appropriate operating voltage. Depending on the electronic control gear used, LEDs for lower voltages, such as. B. can be used for a 232 V supply voltage of a voltage band referred to as “luminous flux”.

[0023] At least two LEDs should be present for the best possible and uniform illumination of a safety light or the light emission surface (s). A good current limitation with low waste heat or low heat losses can be achieved by connecting the LEDs in series. This enables a higher standard supply voltage for the LEDs to be set as the operating voltage of the lamp module on the output side.

[0024] The LEDs have a light emission side or a light emission surface. In deviation from this, the LEDs have a mounting side or a mounting surface. The light-emitting side is oriented in such a way that most of the light, i. H. at least 80% of the photons are directed to a special, sufficiently translucent area. The translucent area can be referred to as a translucent area. The translucent area absorbs the light from the LEDs and emits the light into the interior of the security light, more precisely into a part of the interior of the security light. The translucent area works like a window through which light can pass. The luminaire module is also surrounded by another housing. The luminaire module is enclosed in an insulating housing. The insulating housing offers at least one window. This window represents the translucent area for the light of the LEDs. Through the translucent area, the light of the LEDs can reach the rest of the interior. The insulating housing is referred to as an “insulating housing because it has a separating function from one interior space from the other interior space of the safety light. In addition, it can be designed to be electrically, thermally and / or liquid-insulating.

The interior of the safety lamp is thus divided into two. Part of the interior of the safety lamp is the normal light room for the backlighting of the light emission surface of the safety lamp. Another part of the interior is claimed or filled up by the insulating housing and the components present in the insulating housing, such as by the lamp module. The insulating housing can be viewed or referred to as a protective housing for part of the interior of the safety light. Particularly critical areas of the electronic circuit of the luminaire can have increased protection against contact. Incidentally, this has an impact on the simplification of the electrical circuit itself, and galvanic separations can be reduced, or even avoided altogether.

The insulating housing represents a further barrier to influences which act on the safety light from the outside. The insulating housing protects the components located in it against such influences which may reach the rest of the interior. Such influences can e.g. B. splash water, salt water, dust and dirt.

Such a design of a smaller, inner housing in a larger housing, wherein the smaller, inner housing performs an enclosure, shielding and / or encapsulation as an insulating housing is possible in cases where further difficulties in the construction of the two nested housings are taken into account, such as. B. Adequate heat dissipation of heat loss that arises in the inner housing and must exit or be brought out of this. In addition, the openings, openings and leaks in the insulating housing are to be avoided as far as possible, to be kept low or not to be provided at all. If heat control, particularly in the inner, insulating housing, can be controlled, less heat increases the longevity of the lamps and thus the entire safety lamp. The use of LEDs as lamps in an encapsulating housing reduces the heat loss compared to lamps that are based on other, more energy-intensive light conversion mechanisms.

In order that as little light as possible has to be generated, an area of high translucency, which lies as well as possible in the orientation of the light beams of the LEDs, promotes longevity

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office for the safety light. The areas through which at least 80% of the incident light can pass or can exit are regarded as translucent. From the outside, the insulating housing can be referred to as a “box with a window, because it has a particularly suitable area for the passage of light.

Despite the shielding or encapsulation of an area of the interior of an innovative safety lamp, there is a wish to be able to carry out a control of the operation or the functionality of the safety lamp. If the LEDs are used as an indicator for the trouble-free operation or functionality of the safety lamp, no further breakthroughs or interventions in the inner area of the safety lamp, which is particularly protected, are required. The inner housing thus sends optical operating status indicators through the window into the rest of the interior of the safety light. Because there are two LEDs, which are preferably connected in series, an interplay of the LEDs can be used to report, monitor or forward the condition, the operating behavior or a malfunction of individual components in the safety light. Despite the certainty of being able to integrate an optical inspection process in the safety luminaire, the concept of the “housing in the housing does not have to be abandoned.

[0030] Advantageous refinements and developments are set out below which, viewed individually, both individually and in combination, can likewise disclose inventive aspects.

It when the window, ie. H. the translucent area, not only works as a normal fluoroscopic window, but also by means of a surface design of the window on the side of the light entry surface and on the side of the light exit surface, as far as possible enabling light control or guidance. For this purpose, two surfaces can be created, which are arranged at an angle to one another. The surfaces are not arranged parallel to each other if e.g. B. the light of the LEDs should be coupled in laterally and should be distributed as evenly as possible in the remaining interior of the safety lamp (scattered). The surface areas are thus arranged parallel to each other, you can also say they are non-parallel.

For many applications and applications, security lights should provide light of a certain color, e.g. For example, escape sign luminaires in many countries should have pictogram areas that emit green and white. The window, that is to say the translucent area, can be designed to be opalescent for favorable use and to increase the luminous efficiency. This provides wavelengths from the light of the LED, which moves in a color spectrum in which the safety luminaire should emit its light outwards. Loss of brightness is reduced. This in turn helps to keep the heat generated in the inner housing as low as possible. The aging of the window due to optical radiation, e.g. B. Long-term embrittlement is reduced.

From a further aspect or point of view, one can also speak of a graduated protection class concept. The safety light has an area of a first protection class. The safety light also has an area of a second protection class. Electrical devices are often classified according to common protection classes and protection types. There are IP codes for this. These ingress protection classes of protection indicate which dirt and moisture particles and components can be expected inside one housing and inside the other housing. The closer the luminaire module is moved - starting from the outside - the higher the protection class if the luminaire module is to be protected as well as possible. So the rest of the interior z. B. be protected according to IP 22, while the interior of the inner housing has a protection class of IP 67. The higher the protection class, the greater the associated requirements and difficulties for the housing. Experience shows that increased protection classes contribute to greater difficulties in heat dissipation. Limiting the interior to the components that are actually to be protected against external influences reduces the volume that has to be enclosed. Large heat volumes are no longer too

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office cooling.

Because the window should primarily provide sufficient translucency and subordinate thermal aspects for the window must be taken into account, it is sufficient to manufacture the inner housing in the area of its window from such common plastics as polycarbonates, polymethyl methacrylate or polyethylene terephthalate. Such windows can be manufactured in an injection molding process. The housing can be made from a polycarbonate or from a synthetic terpolymer from three different types of monomers such as ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) or from a mixture of polycarbonate and ABS. A mixture of a polyester, ABS and a polycarbonate can also be used for the housing, in particular in an injection molding process. Metals can also be inserted. The metals can e.g. B. take on reinforcing tasks in the peripheral areas of the housing. Windows made of materials other than the rest of the housing can be used in the insulating housing. The insulating housing with its larger surface in comparison to the window area can dissipate the heat, in particular from the luminaire module. The luminous efficacy and thus the heat loss can be further reduced if the window not only has a high translucency, but can also perform a light control function. Lens structures can easily be incorporated into materials such as polycarbonates or polyethylene terephthalate. A light beam can be guided by such a lens structure. As a result, a light beam from at least one of the LEDs can be focused into a spatial plane. A particularly favorable light guide for illuminating a very specific area beyond the safety light can be predetermined through the window. Unnecessary, diffusely radiating and undesired light emission directions are prevented as short as possible, i. H. in the mm range beyond the LEDs.

A critical area for ensuring the insulation are all openings in the innermost areas of the safety light. On the other hand, the area of application of a safety light is expanded, because the safety light can not only deal with an AC voltage, but also with a DC voltage as the supply voltage. It is particularly advantageous if one and the same voltage input, ie. H. the two connections are designed for the supply voltage, both for direct voltage and for alternating voltage. In this case, only two bushings need to be properly sealed so that the protection class for the insulating housing is maintained.

In order not to unnecessarily drive up the power consumption of the lamps, the electronic control gear can be implemented with an adjustable output resistor. If the output resistance of the electronic control gear adapts to the input resistance of the series connection of the LEDs, the lowest possible heat conversion takes place in the electronic control gear. Experience has shown that LEDs age and thus change their internal resistance, which increases with operating time. By adapting the output resistance of the control gear at the interface of the control gear to the LEDs, whereby the LEDs can be part of the control gear, the aging behavior and the heat conversion, caused by the interaction between the electronic control gear and the LEDs, are taken into account. The variable output resistance can be in a range of z. B. 50 Ω or 25 Ω can be set. This value can be set as the upper resistance limit. Of course, the control gear can also be implemented with a fixed output resistance, a so-called fixed series resistor. The variable output resistance can be realized by a controllable power supply for the LEDs. A controllable power supply has the advantage that a forward voltage of an LED is only slightly dependent on the operating current of the LEDs. Circuits which have a high differential resistance are also particularly advantageous. The variable resistor can also be set using temperature-dependent resistors. If an NTC series resistor is used, the operating current through the LEDs increases as the temperature in the luminaire increases. Luminaire modules that provide overcurrent protection are also advantageous

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As an electrical buffer or electrical buffer, such components as accumulators, pseudocaps, hybrid capacitors or supercaps can be arranged in the insulating housing, in particular as part of the electronic control gear, which absorb the energy from the supply voltage and, in the event of a missing supply voltage, the electrical Take care of the LEDs, at least some of the LEDs. The battery charge can be controlled depending on the temperature. If the inner housing has sufficiently low temperatures, the accumulator or the supercap can be charged more quickly. If the operating temperature in the inner housing rises in the course of operation, components such as the batteries with a lower charging current, e.g. B. only with a pure trickle charge. The thermal loss in the inner housing is also limited by such a measure. This helps to ensure that a sufficiently insulating housing can be installed in the safety light. Suitable accumulators are rechargeable lead accumulators, nickel-cadmium accumulators, nickel-metal hydride accumulators and lithium-based accumulators, e.g. B. LiFeP04 batteries.

The thermals in the safety lamp is further improved in that the lamp module and the LEDs are connected to form a compact unit. If the light module carries the LEDs, heat-dissipating surfaces in the light module can be used by the LEDs, e.g. B. by SMD LEDs.

If there is a high-frequency transmission of signals from the safety light to the outside, the connections can be used for the supply voltage. Alternatively, signal transmission can take place by radio. Both measures of information transmission about states of the safety light are low-energy communication methods.

In order not to overload the input for the supply voltage, a switching input can also be provided, which only switches the luminous flux in very specific states, for. B. with a proven undisturbed supply voltage, d. H. z. B. with sufficient stability of the adjacent sine (measured based on the amplitude and / or the course of the curve and / or the type of curve) allowed.

Another measure for reducing the waste heat is to use connectors with a contact resistance of less than 0.1 Ω per plug contact. The operating device is equipped with a part of a plug connector, in particular with the part of the plug connector which can be referred to as “male”. The other part of the connector is present in the outer housing. The second part of the connector is advantageously fastened in the outer housing. It connects the cables for the supply voltage to the control gear. One part of the connector is part of the inner housing. One part of the connector seals the housing. One part of the connector conducts heat from the inner housing into the second housing. One part of the connector not only seals, but is also heat-dissipating.

A rapid construction of a housing of a security lamp, such as the inner housing or the outer housing, is possible in particular if parts of the housing are arranged with respect to one another in a housing segment field. In a housing segment field, at least two housing parts, preferably a plurality of housing parts, such as a first and a second side wall of the housing, are movably connected to one another. In this advantageous embodiment, at least one of the housings comprises parts which form side walls of the housing in a coherent manner, and advantageously foldable or foldable. In a first position, in particular a transport position of the housing segment field, the housing segment field - as a whole - assumes a flat or flat position. In the flat position, the housing segment field is optimized for packing space. In this first state, in the flat position, the housing segment field has a reduced, collapsed, inner space. A space of the housing segment field enclosed by the housing parts is smaller in the first position than in a second

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Position of the housing segment field. The housing can have a segmented side wall with at least two segments. The housing can be made thin-walled, with at least one side wall thickness of less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm. For particularly robust safety lights, at least a wall thickness of the housing, such as a side wall or a mounting wall of a holder, of more than 1 mm can also be provided. However, a smaller wall thickness can be provided in an area of the housing, such as in the area of a segment boundary, than in a central area of a housing segment. Metals such as sheets and / or plastics can be combined as housing materials, in particular at the segment field boundaries. In this way, ABS can be produced in a favorable design for one of the housings with a metal to form a composite material. The inserted metal strips represent the folding hinges. Advantageous is the efficient use of the space or volume or the surface of the safety light when packed, e.g. B. to be able to transport a variety of safety lights for installation in a tunnel tube with a small amount of transport.

In a housing segment field, a first and a second housing of a security lamp can also be arranged relative to one another. The first housing may be made of a first material, such as a plastic, and the second housing may include parts of a second material, such as an aluminum sheet or a steel sheet. At least two side walls of a housing can be folded towards one another. Starting from an angular position of two side walls, which enclose an angle of 180 ° to one another, an angular position of 90 ° can be assumed in particular by manual actuation, for. B. by a folding movement.

[0044] A space-efficient packing state of a safety lamp preferably comprises a housing segment field, in which a first side wall segment and a second side wall segment are arranged flat, preferably adjacent to one another. The segments are movable, in particular connected, at the segment boundary. According to an origami folding rule, the housing segment field can be reshaped between a flat state and a spatial, in particular enclosing state, the spatial state being in particular in the second position of the housing segment field. A housing segment field is shaped into a housing by preferably elastic deformation at at least one segment boundary. The housing segment field is e.g. B. mountable in the form of a safety lamp. At the segment boundaries, housing segments can be brought into an angular position, such as an enclosed angle of 90 ° or an angle of 180 ° to one another.

A practically buildable housing, like a box or a folding box, can be folded together and preferably also folded apart. A collapsed housing has an interior that is ready to receive. The interior of a housing can be closed particularly well, in particular with respect to an outer space, if a side wall has at least one elastically deformable sealing lip. The sealing lip of a housing segment can adjoin a second segment of a housing, preferably along a sealing surface assigned to the housing, in particular impermeable to supramolecular particles, preferably impermeable to moisture. A side wall segment boundary can also be designed in the manner of a sealing lip or in the manner of a hinge or as a combination of sealing lip and hinge or as a latching device. A latching device fixes an angular position of housing segments, in particular of side wall segments, with respect to one another. A housing segment can also comprise a tab. A sealing lip can be designed in the manner of a tab. The tab overlaps, preferably with a side wall of the housing.

The safety lamp covers at least some of the LEDs using the insulating housing. A material made of polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate is suitable as the covering material. Both polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate can be equipped with an additive flame retardant during manufacture. This delays flame formation.

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian Patent Office [0047] The window can also be used to even out the light distribution. In one embodiment, the transparency of the window can be printed in certain areas. Due to the regionally arranged printing layer, a different brightness emerges from the window over the entire window. This makes it possible to modify the transparency in some areas. The brightness distribution in a location dependency is produced by printing.

In an embodiment of a security lamp that comprises two housings, a first housing is preferably enclosed by a second housing, in particular after being moved from a first flat state to a second hollow-body state of the assembled safety lamp. The second housing forms an inner protective cover for electronic modules, such as a lamp module or also an electronic control gear, which can be installed in the housing, in particular in the second housing. Such a housing structure can also improve the EMC behavior of a safety lamp.

The outer housing of a security lamp can be provided with an outer non-stick surface such as an electrostatically dirt-repellent layer or a nano-structured surface, which shows a possible deposition of light-absorbing soot particles or dust particles or aerosol particles, which frequently accumulate particularly in closed rooms such as tunnels on the safety light surface, preferably on the light emitting surface. Such effects are also from nature such. B. known in the design of the surface of the lotus leaf. Impurities roll off the non-stick surface of the lamp surface. An energetically unfavorable heating of the luminaire through absorption of light energy in contaminations of the surface and a related darkening of the luminaire is prevented.

Although some, heat-producing components such as the lamp module are additionally encapsulated, the numerous different measures create an inner, particularly protected area.

The integration of the LEDs on or in the operating device and the arrangement of the LEDs directly behind the window ensures a good radiation of the light exit surface with a low overall height. The improved radiance in turn reduces energy consumption. This in turn contributes to the possible realization of the encapsulation in an independent, inner housing with the associated, difficult heat dissipation. The luminous efficacy is increased, the leakage current is reduced. The heat loss in the inner housing is kept low. Nevertheless, the measures and ideas described above allow the creation of a very compact safety or escape sign luminaire that has very high protection classes such as. B. can comply with IP67. A tunnel light, especially for use in rail tunnels with diesel locomotive service, can be set up.

Actually, hermetically sealed housings around LEDs are undesirable. Due to poor thermal dissipation of the waste heat from the electronic control gear and the LEDs, the brightness of the LEDs gradually decreases over the course of the operating time. If the operating device includes a limit value for the brightness, or alternatively for the electrical current to the LEDs, a decrease in the brightness of the LEDs can be detected. The control gear operates with a measured value that can be compared with a limit value. The operating device has a limit value for the brightness of one or more LEDs in a memory. As soon as the limit is reached, the control gear can accept an error. The fault can be signaled as part of an operational control procedure. If the brightness of individual or all LEDs is no longer sufficient, i. that is, if the brightness is below a limit value, in one configuration the LEDs change into a changed operating state. If the LEDs and the control gear are combined into one unit, the control gear can be easily matched to the existing LEDs. The design as a compact unit made up of control gear and LEDs not only reduces thermal losses, a good coordination between control gear and LEDs is possible.

The inner housing can be made very compact. A case length between 11

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office cm and 34 cm has proven to be sufficient. A housing width in the range of 8 cm is sufficient. A case height of approximately 4.5 cm is sufficient. The heat loss of the LEDs in such a housing is low enough if LEDs with luminous flux per watt of at least 64 Im / W are used. LEDs with values greater than 102 Im / W are preferred. The efficiency of the LEDs can also be expressed in lumens per electrical current; it is particularly advantageous if at least 20 Im / A, better still 30 Im / A, are achieved by each of the LEDs connected in series.

A hermetically sealed inner housing with the values given above does not require additional cooling if the operating power of the LEDs is in a range from 800 mW to 5200 mW.

Surprisingly, it was also found on the first patterns of safety lights according to the invention that lights according to the invention have better EMC behavior or less EMC radiation than some lights which are otherwise available. This is attributed to the compact arrangement of the operating device with all electronic and electrical components in an area of the safety light provided for the inner housing. Due to the compact design of the control gear, the inner housing can be exchanged in a single step. A lamp can be assembled in a few simple steps during manufacture. All locking parts can be replaced with just one hand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The present invention can be better understood if reference is made to the accompanying figures, which exemplify particularly advantageous design options, without restricting the present invention to these, wherein

FIG. 1 FIG. 2 FIG. 3 FIG. 4 FIG. 5 FIG. 6 FIG. 7 shows a first, inner housing, shows a second, inner housing, shows a security light in a first embodiment, shows a security light in a second embodiment, shows another safety light from a different perspective, shows a part of an electronic control gear with LEDs and shows two of the possible operating states that can be assumed with a safety light, FIG. 8 1 shows a first arrangement with reflecting layers for directing light from an LED, FIG. 9 2 shows a second arrangement with reflecting layers for directing light from an LED, FIG. 10 a third arrangement of reflective layers for light control of light from an LED shows, FIG. 11 2 shows a schematic cross section of a safety lamp according to a further exemplary embodiment, FIG. 12 2 shows a schematic cross section of a safety lamp according to a further exemplary embodiment, FIG. 13 FIG. 14 shows an arrangement of two LEDs in a luminaire module, shows a security lamp with a lamp module in an inner housing, FIG. 15 shows a box-like design of an inner housing,

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian Patent Office [0072] Figure 16 [0073] Figure 17 [0074] Figure 18 [0075] Figure 19 [0076] Figure 20 [0077] Figure 21 [0078] Figure 22 [0079] Figure FIG. 24 shows a polar diagram of the luminous flux from an LED, shows a polar diagram of the luminous flux of an LED after the luminous flux has passed through an area with a light guiding function, shows the beam guidance of a light beam through a surface-structured window, shows a recognition distance on an escape route, one Arrangement of safety lights in a tunnel shows, shows a second electronic circuit as an operating device of LEDs, shows a third electronic circuit as an operating device of LEDs, shows a fourth electronic circuit as an operating device of LEDs and shows a fifth electronic circuit as part of an operating device of LEDs.

FIGURE DESCRIPTION FIG. 1 shows a housing 9 which can be used as an inner housing in a security lamp, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, and thus the position of the inner housing 209 (FIG. 3) or the inner housing 309 (FIG 4) can take. The housing 9 is an elongated object that extends between the first side wall 13 and the second side wall 15. The side walls 13, 15 are provided for fastening the inner housing 9 in a safety lamp, such as. B. in the safety lights 201 (Figure 3), 301 (Figure 4) or 401 (Figure 5). On one side of the housing 9 is a window 11. The window 11 has a first surface as the light exit surface 39 and a second surface as the light entry surface 41. The light that is generated in the interior of the housing 9 passes through the light entry surface 41 into the material of the Window 11 and via the light exit surface 39 in the rest of the interior of a security light enclosing the housing 9 (not shown in Figure 1). Polycarbonates or polyethylene terephthalate can be used as suitable materials for the window 11. Such a window 11 can be produced particularly reliably and easily by means of a plastic injection molding process. The window 11 seals the housing 9 from the adjoining room.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a housing 109, from which light rays in the region of the window 111, which are generated by the LEDs 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, can emerge. For a particularly targeted alignment of the light from the window 111, an area 117 with a light directing function, e.g. B. incorporated as a lens in the window 111. The window 111 has a higher translucency than the side parts 113, 115 of the housing 109. A switching input 143 is provided on one side of the housing 109. The light emission from the light exit surface 139 of the window 111 can be influenced via the switching input 143, e.g. B. by selective control of individual LEDs of the LEDs 121, 123, 125, 127, 129. The LEDs 121, 123, 125, 127, 129 are mounted on the light module 131. The housing 109 is a housing of protection class IP 44 and protects the luminaire module 131 against external influences such as splash water.

FIG. 3 shows that an encapsulating housing such as the housing 209 can be used in a region of the housing 203 in order to form a safety light 201. The housing 209 has a window 211 on one side, which can direct light from the interior 237 of the housing 209 into the further interior 235. The light from the interior 235 reaches the outside via the light exit surface 205. The light exit surface 205 is composed, on the one hand, of the pictogram 207 and, on the other hand, of the light distribution disk 233, which creates a light distribution ring around the outside of the pictogram 207.

FIG. 4 shows a similar safety light 301 as the safety light 201 according to FIG. 3. The frame of the housing 303 is pointed on the side furthest away from the housing 309

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office pending. The light that is generated in the interior 337 of the housing 309 enters the interior 335 via the window 311. In the interior 335, the light is passed on in order to leave the safety light 301 through the light exit surface 305. The safety light 301 is composed of different areas for the light guidance. The safety light 301 has a light distribution disk 333. The light distribution disk 333 delimits a surface with a pictogram 307. The housing 309 has a higher tightness class than the housing 303.

As can easily be seen in a comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4, the appearance of the outer housing, such as housing 203 or housing 303, can be varied widely. The outer housing can be adapted to a wide variety of design requirements. An identical, or at least a similar housing 209 or 309 can be installed both in the housing 203 and in the housing 303. Only the inner housings 209, 309 are to be checked for the required tightness such as splash water resistance and sufficient insulation resistance, the developer, in particular the designer of safety lights, can be given a free hand in the design of his safety light, he only has to adhere to the installation dimensions of the inner housing 209 , Hold 309. An outer housing 203, 303, which, for. B. can be made of metal is no longer expensive to ground; it can be designed to be ungrounded. This has the further advantage that the requirement that the danger must be avoided in rail tunnels that falling overhead lines should not be able to form a short circuit over the housing of the safety lights is easy to meet. The housings 203, 209 and 303, 309 are insulated from one another. The outer housing 203, 303 can be made of metal as a housing. The electrical components in the inner housing are not damaged, even if an overhead line should come into contact with the outer housing 203, 303. Although two housings are proposed, such a safety light can be produced particularly easily because multiple insulations, e.g. B. by multiple plastic linings, are no longer to be made.

A further embodiment of a safety light 401 in a perspective from below is shown in FIG. 5. The safety light 401 has different LEDs 421, 423, 425, 427, 429. The LEDs 421, 423, 425, 427, 429 are all located below the window 411. The LEDs 421, 423, 425, 427, 429 are distributed over the surface of the window 411 in such a way that they shine through the window 411 and a uniform, good illumination of the housing 403 takes place (this means within the limits of the standards). A region of the window 411 is specially designed so that this region 417 provides a light control function for the LEDs 423, 425, 427. This area 417 extends in a central area of the window 411, more precisely in a central area of the transverse extent of the window 411, almost over its entire longitudinal extent.

Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of an interconnection of LEDs in series, such as the LEDs LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5. Resistor R1, as a safety resistor, limits the current through LEDs LED 1, LED 2, LED 3, LED 4, LED 5, which is set as standard due to the supply voltage at contacts SV1-1, SV1-2. An operating point is set on the operational amplifier IC1, which operates the Mos-FET Q1 as a semiconductor switch with variable internal resistance, via the voltage divider comprising the diode DD and the resistor R2. As a result, the total resistance can be set by the (electrical) branch using the LEDs LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5 and the series resistor R1 connected in series. The supply voltage applied to contacts SV1-1, SV1-2 is specified (from the outside). Alternatively (not shown), a buffer stage such as an accumulator can be connected to the contacts. Such an accumulator also determines the supply voltage at the contacts SV1-1, SV1-2. By regulating the controlling semiconductor, the Mos-FET Q1, a resistance is set in the LED branch. As a result, the current through the LEDs LED3, LED4, LED5 is varied. Finds a special requirement, e.g. B. via the switching input 143 (see FIG. 2) instead, a luminous brightness regulation of selected LEDs, e.g. B. only the LEDs 423, 425, 427 according to FIG. 5 can be carried out. By adapting the "zu

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office consuming electricity, the heat development in the encapsulated housing, as in the housings 9, 109, 209, 309 according to FIGS. 1 to 4, can be adjusted as required. The circuit according to FIG. 6 does not require electrical isolation. The LEDs LED3, LED4, LED5 can be realized by high-voltage LEDs. The circuit according to FIG. 6 is particularly EMV-poor.

FIG. 7 shows in a diagram the course of a current regulation of a safety lamp according to the invention, which is equipped with a control unit for the lamps and in particular an electronic current regulation circuit. The diagram according to FIG. 7 shows an operating state of the safety light which is related to the time course t or the time t. The diagram begins on the time axis when an operating state is switched on. Switching on the safety light is preceded by a further operating state, at the end of which there was a storage of control parameters, such as a current flow. The second operating state, which can correspond to a first mode or a second mode, is described below. The representation can be transferred analogously to a first state. The electrical current I and the luminous flux Φ are shown over time t. The course of the current I and the course of the luminous flux Φ with the advancing time t is shown. According to the first mode, Φ ₂ shows the luminous flux that is generated by the readjusted electrical current l _{var of} the control unit. The electrical current Lar increases over the course of the operating time. The actual luminous flux Φ _{2 is included} in the calculation of the current l _var at one point in time. The considered LED from an arrangement of four LEDs is operated with a stronger current at the end of the total operating time than at the beginning. The LEDs of the lamp are each powered by a control unit. In a second mode, the luminous flux Φτ ₂ much weakens according to its curve compared to the luminous flux Φ faster. The second mode works with a constant current icon. Depending on the specification, an illuminant or a safety lamp must be available for a minimum operating time. Depending on the application, minimum operating times of 10,000 hours or even 30,000 hours are required. This means that the minimum illuminance in, ™ in one operating state. is actually available over the entire planned operating time of the safety luminaire, in the second mode the individual LED of the illuminant is operated with a constant current I _const , which is actually too high for the LED and the luminous flux Φτ to be initially emitted. In this operating state, an advantageous maximum luminous flux Φτ is initially generated, however, together with an increased heat development, which causes disadvantageous aging in the semiconductor structures of the LED. A luminous flux Φ ^ that is stronger than a luminous flux Φ ₂ is often only available for an operating time that is less than a minimum operating time. Depending on the design, the LED of the safety light can often be operated with a reduced current I _var , which is between 50% and 80%, preferably at 75%, of the current otherwise present with constant power supply I _const . FIG. 7 shows a luminous intensity curve for continuous operation of this type which, based on the luminous flux Φ ₂ , which is constant due to a readjusted current I _var with an initial intensity of approximately 75% to 80% of a comparable constant current I when the _emergency light is switched to the first mode is operated. The initial strength of the current or luminous flux is preferably assumed each time the safety light comes into the second operating state and a minimum operating time has not yet been reached. Due to the higher initial constant current I _const in the first mode, an LED operated in this way has a reduced total operating time. The operating end time t _En di is reached faster than with an LED with variable current l _var . If the brightness is measured during the operating time in a continuous operation, alternatively the elapsed operating time t is taken into account, the supply current can be increased gradually or asymptotically up to a maximum current over the operating time t. Control is possible in any operating state. A maximum current is specified in the specification of the LED. If a current limitation is still provided for the supply current I _var after the minimum brightness or the minimum luminous flux Φ ^ η is undershot, a safety light according to the invention can continue to be operated even in an emergency mode even when the minimum luminous flux Φ ^ η is undershot. The drop below the minimum brightness at time t _En d2 is delayed

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office and can also be collected safely. There are numerous indices for this. The reaching of the limit current or the activation of the current limitation can be queried. On the basis of the appealing current limitation, a lamp error can be identified in general. The brightness or part of the brightness in or on the luminaire can be measured in the same way. This status can be displayed, reported or sent via a communication module as a radio signal to a central unit, such as a central battery system. The falling below the minimum luminous flux <t> _min can be carried out in a test loop, e.g. B. via current pulses to the main distributor or the sub-distributor. This means that there is no frequent use of escape routes or tunnels if safety lights are installed there. Experiments have shown that current tracking with an initially lower starting current (slightly more than 50% of the constant current I _const to be selected comparatively) can increase the operating time t of the lights to up to 50,000 operating hours. The luminous flux yield of the luminous flux Φ ₂ is evened out over the operating time t, in that the current l _{var is} raised like a hyperbola with the continuous operating time up to the otherwise to be selected continuous current lkonst. The aging of an LED according to the invention in a safety light according to the invention caused by the supply current can be delayed in this way. The current I _var is only switched on, in particular to the extent to which it was switched off the last time the safety lamp is or is to have reached the second state. By switching between the second operating mode with constant current and increased brightness and the first operating mode with variable current, the advantages of a better detectability that can be switched as required and an optimized total operating time of the lamps can be combined. Such a need is e.g. B. detectable by a motion detector or an alarm.

FIGS. 8 to 14 and FIG. 18 each show an arrangement for directing the light which is emitted by one light source or a plurality of light sources, such as one LED or a plurality of LEDs. In further embodiments, the features discussed in connection with the figures can be combined with one another as desired to model an illumination field with the required brightness distribution. With the aid of the light-guiding functions, the number of LEDs required in a safety luminaire according to the invention can be reduced to less than 10 LEDs, and thus the current consumption which contributes proportionally to an unfavorable heat development is minimized.

8, the first LED 521 is arranged on the circuit board 518. From the cross-sectional illustration of FIG. 8, the further LEDs, which are also contacted using the circuit board for the power supply, cannot be seen due to their arrangement outside the cutting plane. In the light radiation area of the LED 521, the light of which is directed into the light space 519, the LED light beam 591 strikes the area with light control function 516. The area with light control function 516 comprises a first mirror surface 520 of prismatic shape. The shape of the mirror surface can be described by an apex with the outer angle α, with which the first mirror surface 520 faces the LED light beam 591. Furthermore, the first mirror surface 520 has an extension 596 running transverse to its main mirror surface. The mirror surface 520 uses the principle of total reflection at a refractive index level. In the cross section of FIG. 8, the first mirror surface 520 with its prismatic shape is flanked on both sides plane-parallel by a mirror surface, such as the second mirror surface 594. The second mirror surface 594 adjoins the extension 596 with an offset in the direction of the first LED 521. From the point of view of the LED 521, there is no optical intermediate space between the first mirror surface 520 and the second mirror surface 594. All light rays 591 which propagate in a straight line in the normal direction to the LED 521 or to the circuit board 518 hit a mirror surface 520, 594 and are almost completely reflected. Reflected light rays can also be traced further in their spread as deflected light rays 593. The area with light directing function 516 is arranged centrally under the first LED 521, so that on the prismatic structure of the first mirror surface 520 the light beams 591 are separated from the LED 521 into a first luminous flux maximum 549 and a second luminous flux maximum 550, which is due to the angle α of the apex structure of the prismatic first mirror surface 520 with an angle φ to one another. In other embodiments, a

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office realizes the off-center arrangement of the apex, described by the angle α, relative to the LED and / or an arrangement of the apex inclined to one side of the LED. The alignment of the luminous flux maxima 549, 550 and the intensity ratio between the first luminous flux maximum 549 and the second luminous flux maximum 550, which emerge from the region with a light guiding function, can preferably be set according to the requirements of the safety light arrangement. The third mirror surface 595 of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 8 reflects light rays, which are directed from the light space 519 onto the circuit board 518, back into the light space 519. For this purpose, the board 518 has a mirrored surface, which serves as a mirror surface 595.

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of an area with light directing function 616 for the distribution of the light 691 emitted by the first LED 621 into the light space 619. The LED 621 is arranged on the circuit board 618, the circuit board 618 having the mirror surface 695 in front of it plane-parallel is. The first mirror surface 620 is arranged symmetrically in front of the LED 621 in the light beam path 691. The first mirror surface 620 has a prismatic shape with a lateral extension 696, the shape of the mirror surface 620 corresponding to the letter “W” in the cross section shown in FIG. 9. The central apex structure of the first mirror surface 620 is located in front of the center of the LED 621. The apex is enclosed by an angle a '. In an edge region on both sides of the LED 621 there is a further prismatic bending of the first mirror surface 620 in the cross section - shown in FIG. 9 - which is described by the angle β '. This bend can also be understood as a second mirror surface. The relation β '<180 ° <a' preferably applies. The LED light beam 691 is reflected at least once from the first mirror surface 620 to the third mirror surface 695, from where the reflected beams 693 enter the light space 619 beyond the extension 696. A first luminous flux maximum 649 and a second luminous flux maximum 650 are formed. The light from the LED 621 is divided into two maxima, a first luminous flux maximum 649 and a second luminous flux maximum 650. The luminous flux maxima 649, 650 of the deflected and split light beam 693 form an angle φ 'to one another. The first mirror surface 620 is designed as a partially reflecting layer which transmits 20% of the incident light and reflects 80% of the incident light. In this way, the light beam 691 of the LED 621 is homogenized over a wide angular range for uniform illumination of an area of the light space 619. Because the extension 696 of the first mirror surface 620 is longer than the extension 596, a second mirror surface corresponding to the second mirror surface 594 from FIG. 8 is not necessary. Multiple reflections take place between the mirror surface 620 and the mirrored circuit board 618, the further mirror surface 695 attached to the circuit board 618.

The mirror surface 720 in FIG. 10 bears a certain similarity to the features of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in particular with regard to the execution of an area with light directing function 716. The use of highly reflective, aluminum-vapor-coated mirror surfaces, namely the first mirror surface 720, the second mirror surface 794 and the third mirror surface 795, results in an efficient coupling and distribution of the LED light beams 791 from the first LED 721 into the light space 719. The light beam path 791 is in turn split into a first luminous flux maximum 749 and a second luminous flux maximum 750, the maxima 749, 750 spreading out after multiple reflection on the mirror surfaces 720, 794 and 795 in the light space 719. The deflected light beams 793 of the second luminous flux maximum 750 and the first luminous flux maximum 749 enclose the angle φ to one another. The light beam path 793 of the deflected light results from the “W-shaped shape of the first mirror surface 720, which has the central apex angle α, the secondary angle β and the lateral extent 796. The mirror surface 720 can be characterized on the basis of the apex angle α, on the basis of the secondary angle β and on the basis of the extent 796. In the area of the arrangement which lies in the area of the extent 796, the LED 721 is flanked laterally by the second mirror surface 794 and the third mirror surface 795, in particular on two sides, as can be seen in the cross section in FIG. 10. The mirror surfaces 720, 794 and 795 are arranged separately from one another, i. that is, they are

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office not affiliated. The third mirror surface 795 projects beyond the first mirror surface 720 laterally beyond the extension 796 or beyond it. A particularly efficient deflection of the light of the LED 721 is achieved in that the third mirror surface 795 has an angle γ within the extent 796, from the apex of which a first leg region (without reference number) of the third mirror surface 795 extends to the light radiation region of the first LED 721 and a second leg area (without reference number) of the third mirror surface 795 extends beyond the extent 796. The first leg region is arranged parallel to the second mirror surface 794. The third mirror surface 795 is in front of the circuit board 718, so that the third mirror surface 795 represents a boundary of the light space 719.

Although the circuit board for receiving the electronic components and the LEDs such as the circuit board 518, 618 or 718 only provides a finite area for the arrangement of the LEDs, which is usually not sufficient for the required uniform distribution of the light from the LEDs, can about optical devices as shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10, the light can be divided and distributed. Further measures for equalizing the light distribution and the light flow are explained in the further description of the figures. These measures can be combined with one another. This prevents shadows from forming.

FIG. 11 shows a cross section through a security light 801 with an insulating housing 809, which is closed off from the outside space by the window 811. The inner housing 809 encloses the lamp module 831, which is accommodated in two parts in a first interior 835 and a second interior 837, which are separated from one another. The second interior 837 can also be understood as belonging to an inner housing. The first part of the light module 831 comprises the control board 857, which carries the capacitor 855 and the transformer 851. The transformer 851 is connected to an external supply voltage, e.g. B. from a supply network, connectable. In a first operating state, the safety light 801 can draw current from the AC voltage supply 859 and charge the capacitor 855 as an electrical temporary store. The control board 857 supplies the first diode 821, which is mounted on the board 818 and is arranged in the second interior 837, with direct current. By separating the two parts of the 831 luminaire module, the heat generated can be dissipated separately. The light from the first LED 821 passes through the light entry surface 841 from the second interior 837 into the window 811 and further through the light exit surface 805 into the light space 819. The light space 819 is shown in a sectional plane, that is to say in a room plane. In this plane, the light in light space 819 propagates through LED light rays 891. An area with light directing function 816 is located in light space 819. LED light rays 891 spread out with an angular distribution that corresponds to the angular distribution shown in FIG. Light rays 891, which in FIG. 11 extend from the first LED 812 with a minimum angle, which is calculated with the aid of the extension 896, hit the window 811 'and leave this through the light exit surface 839. Depending on the point of impact on the window 811 'However, part of the LED light rays 891 is reflected back. Components of this back-reflected light and light that propagates from the first LED 621 in the normal direction, in particular at an angle that is smaller than the minimum angle defined by the extension 896, strikes the first mirror surface 820. The first mirror surface 820 has an apex accordingly the first mirror surface 520 (shown in FIG. 8). Light that strikes the first mirror surface 820 (see FIG. 11) is reflected on the second mirror surface 894, which is the window 811 ', and is in turn partially reflected and partially transmitted. The reflected portion can now spread out to the third mirror surface 895, on which in turn a change in the direction of light propagation takes place, which leads the light to a further location of the window 811 '. In this way, the light of the first LED 821 is deflected via mirror surfaces 820, 894 and 895 within the uniform distribution limit specified by standards for radiation through the light exit surface 839, the luminous flux Φ (see FIG. 7) preferably through two mutually extending partial areas of the light exit surface 839 leads in opposite directions.

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian Patent Office [0095] FIG. 12 shows a safety light 901 with the inner housing 909 in which the compact light module 931 is arranged. The luminaire module 931 comprises the circuit board 918 with the functionality of a control circuit board 957 and the components transformer 951 and accumulator 953 arranged thereon. The transformer 951 is connected to an electrical network via the AC voltage supply 959. The lamp module 931 further comprises LEDs, such as the first LED 921, which are supplied with direct current and fastened on the control board 957. The rechargeable accumulator 953 ensures an operating state during a finite time interval even without mains power supply, in particular in the event of a temporary interruption in the AC voltage supply 959. The separated interior 937 is delimited by the window 911, which has an increased translucency for the spectral range of the light emitted by the first LED 921. The light from the LED 921 enters the window 911 through the light entry surface 941 and from there through the light exit surface 905 into the area with light directing function 917. The portion of the area with light directing function 917 adjoining the window 911 is a lens. A deflected light beam 993 is generated, which spreads out in the light space 919. The light is focused on the first mirror surface 920 by the lens effect. The mirror surface 920 is semi-transparent to light in a surface area. An illumination area is thus generated under the safety light 901, the dimension of which is predetermined in one dimension by the extent 996. The window 911 'placed on the window 911 thus has a light-guiding function in which light is guided through the interior 935 to the window 911'. Light emerges in particular through the light exit surface 939, with which, for example, a pictogram (not shown) can be illuminated.

FIG. 13 schematically shows a lamp module 1031 in which a first LED 1021 and a second LED 1023 are arranged on the circuit board 1018. In the plan view - shown in FIG. 13 - it can be seen that the LEDs 1021 and 1023 are each covered by an area with a light directing function 1017, which, each associated with an LED 1021, 1023, has a lens. The lens structure has an extension 1096 and it is spaced 1097 from the next lens structure, with which a superimposition of the luminous flux of the LEDs 1021, 1023 can be predetermined. The lens structure 1017 can also be described by a first lens area 1063 in convex shape and a second lens area 1065 in convex shape and a third lens area 1069 in concave shape. The concave lens region 1069 is arranged between the convex lens regions 1063 and 1065. The lens regions 1063, 1065 and 1069 act on the luminous flux of an LED such as the LED 1023 and generate an angular distribution of a radiated luminous flux, as can be seen in the polar diagram in FIG. 17, which can be described as kidney-shaped.

Another exemplary embodiment of a security light 1101 is shown in FIG. 14. A second housing 1109 is arranged in a first housing 1103 with a light exit surface 1105. The second housing 1109 is an inner housing made of metal, which encloses a lamp module 1131 in an insulating manner. Light exits the inner housing 1109 through the window 1111 into the larger interior 1135. In the second interior 1137, which is separated from this, the luminaire module 1131 is shielded against interferences affecting the operation, in particular of all kinds. The luminaire module 1131 comprises a control board 1157, on which several electronic components such as the accumulator 1153, the transformer 1151 and the capacitor 1155 for operating the LEDs such as the first LED 1121 are connected. On the side of the control board 1157 facing the window 1111, the first LED 1121 is electrically conductively connected to the first contact strip 1175 and the second contact strip 1177. Via the contact strips 1175, 1177, thermal energy, which arises from electrical energy during the operation of the LED 1121, is dissipated to the circuit board 1157. The functional elements of the LED 1121 are carried by a heat conductor 1185, which is in contact with the control board 1157. In the luminescence semiconductor 1186, which has layer doping, light is generated from electrical current. The circuit is led from the first contact strip 1175 via the line contact 1179 to the luminescence semiconductor 1186, which in turn is attached to the second contact strip 1177 via which the current

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office circle in the electrical circuit of the control board 1175 can be closed. The control board 1175 also carries on the back the transformer 1151 and, as a buffer, the accumulator 1153 and the capacitor 1155. An alternating voltage is supplied to the transformer 1151 from the outside. The AC voltage is rectified by switching elements (not shown) on the control board 1157. The light generated in the light conversion layer 1181 by direct current supply to the luminescence semiconductor 1186 enters a fourth lens area 1183 in the form of an air gap between the fifth lens area 1183 and the window 1111 through a fifth lens area 1183 applied as a potting body to the LED 1121 for protection purposes. The window 1111 is part of the area with the light directing function 1117, the window 1111 having a first lens area 1163, a second lens area 1165, both of which are each convex, and a third lens area 1169 with a concave curvature located therebetween. With the features described, the window 1111 generates a luminous flux which corresponds to the luminous flux shown in FIG. 17.

In Figure 15, an inner housing 1709 is shown as an outline drawing, which can enclose a lamp module 1731 protectively. The inner housing 1709 is made of a plastic with negligible light absorption, i. that is, with less than 10% light absorption. In the packing state or transport state (not shown) of the inner housing 1709, the housing segments are spread out flat in the housing segment field. From the packed state, the housing 1709 is assembled with a folding instruction along the segment boundaries by folding movements, so that a side segment 1714 is opened on an inner surface of the second side wall 1715. In the unfolded position, the inner housing 1709 is stabilized by the holder 1730. The luminaire module 1731 is inserted parallel to the first side wall 1713, which is used for light emission, and the position of the luminaire module 1731 within the inner housing 1709 is supported and stabilized in position by holders, such as by the holder 1730. The first LED 1721, the second LED 1723 and the third LED 1725 are arranged spaced apart on the lamp module 1731, so that light emitted by the LEDs can exit the interior 1737 through the first side wall 1713. The light space 1719 is located in particular between the circuit board 1718 and the light exit surface 1739. The light exit surface 1739 closes the window 1711, which is formed by the first side wall 1713, from a first interior (not shown) of a security light (not shown). The lighting module 1731 further comprises a tuning module 1756 with an operating status switch, a control unit 1754 and a transformer 1751 or transformer, which are integrated on the front or on the back of the circuit board 1718 in the circuits for the electrical supply of the LEDs 1721, 1723, 1725. The assembly of the inner housing 1709 is completed by the flap 1732 of a side wall segment being closed after the luminaire module 1731 has been introduced. The inner housing 1709 is held in the assembled state by resting a segment of the flap 1732 on the inside of the first side wall 1713 with the aid of a latch on a segment of the second side wall 1715 and can thus be installed in an outer housing.

Figures 16 and 17 each schematically show a polar diagram for the angular distribution of the light propagation of an LED. For the creation of the polar diagrams, the light radiation was determined in two sectional planes and superimposed for comparison purposes.

In Figure 16, an LED shines from the center of the circle shown with the irradiation normal 1248, which results in a luminous flux Φ ', which is represented in one plane by the curve 1245 of the light propagation and in a plane perpendicular to it in the light propagation 1247 is. A minimum luminous flux of 0 ' _min at a critical angle can only be achieved by increasing the supply current.

If, as shown in FIG. 17, an area with a light directing function (see, for example, FIGS. 8, 9, 10 and 11) is arranged in front of the LED, the light propagation changes to a luminous flux Φ. The irradiation takes place along the irradiation normal of the LED 1348. In the plane of the light propagation 1347, in which the light directing function is effective, there is a splitting of the luminous flux Φ into a first luminous flux maximum 1349 and a second luminous flux maximum 1350

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AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office measurable. The luminous flux maxima 1349, 1350 are spaced apart from one another by an angle φ 'in the light space. In a radiation plane perpendicular to this, in which the light directing function of the area assigned to the LED is not effective, there is also a modified luminous flux, which is represented by the first light propagation 1345. In this case, the luminous flux maxima can be described as (almost) not pronounced, that is to say a light propagation 1345 free of maximum luminous flux. With the preferred directions of the first luminous flux maximum 1349 and the second luminous flux maximum 1350 of the second light propagation 1347, structures of a pictogram or escape route directions arranged to one another can be illuminated in a targeted manner.

A further possibility for influencing a luminous flux is shown in FIG. 18. A window 1411, which is arranged as a light distribution disk 1433 in the light beam path 1491 of an LED, changes the light beam path 1491. Due to a prismatic boundary layer on one side of the window 1411, preferably below Utilization of the Brewster angle results in a change in direction of the light beam by diffraction into the interior of the window 1411. On the side of the window 1411 opposite the prismatic boundary layer 1420 there is another area with a light-guiding function 1417, which has a light-beam path 1491 of the LED in some areas by means of a lens-like modulated surface defocused and focused in between. The result is a deflected light beam 1493 with an intensity modulation in the near field. Such a window 1411 can advantageously be used to improve lighting properties, such as the lighting homogeneity, of a security lamp. It is also possible to favorably influence the light directing function of the window 1411 by promoting the light exit of the light beam path 1493 by mirroring on second mirror surfaces 1494. A window, such as window 1411, can e.g. B. can also be used as a window 111, 811 or 81T in FIGS. 2 and 8.

A safety lamp 1501 shown in FIG. 19 is attached to a rear wall 1590. An escape route 1587 extends in front of the rear wall. The safety luminaire 1501 comprises five LEDs on the inside, each of which is assigned an area with a light directing function, as a result of which a horizontal or slightly inclined luminance maximum is generated (ie, for example at an angle of less than 15 °). The luminance remains within an angular range ψ above a limit such as 500 cd / m ² . Outside the angular range ψ, the luminance falls below the limit, e.g. B. below 500cd / m ² . In other words, in the upper left quadrant (from the view shown in FIG. 19) and in the lower quadrant, the luminance, ie outside the area covered by the angular range ψ, is below 500 cd / m ² . An illumination area is spanned at an angle ψ, to which a first, in particular shorter, recognition distance 1598 and a second, in comparison to the first recognition distance, larger recognition distance 1599 is assigned. Due to the electromagnetic shielding properties of the housing of the safety light 1501, radio devices 1571 in an area surrounding the safety light 1501 are not impaired in their function. The safety light 1501 is not relevant to faults for devices that react to electromagnetic impulses or electromagnetic waves. The safety light 1501 is also equipped with a communication module 1572, with which data can be exchanged for the collection of operating parameters of the safety light 1501 and for setting control parameters of the safety light 1501. By cleverly using the detection ranges 1598, 1599, it is possible to reduce the luminous flux Φ. This limits the temperature rise in the lamp.

Figure 20 shows schematically the cross section of a segment of a tunnel 1688, from which a first escape route 1687 branches off from a second route, which is also to be used as an escape route 1687 '. Associated with a rear wall 1690, the safety light 1601 is mounted in the area of the first escape route 1687 in order to indicate this. There is also a second safety light 1601 '. The safety light 1601 'is an escape route light 1602. Because of the design according to the invention, the safety light 1601 in the tunnel 1688 is protected against unfavorable external influences such as moisture and dirt, e.g. B. soot and dust protected. The light spread from the security chandelier 1601 'is through

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Areas with light control function in the safety light 1601 'are determined. The beam paths 1693 and 1693 'mark the area in which (sufficient) visibility of the light-emitting safety lamp 1601' may be assumed. An illumination area spans between the beam paths 1693, 1693 ', which can be described with a detection angle ψ'. The safety lamp 1601 'is arranged as a second lamp in the tunnel 1688 on the tunnel ceiling 1689. The safety light 1601 is designed as an escape sign light 1604 and uses a pictogram 1607 to point to the location of the next defibrillator that can be reached, which is to be used for resuscitation measures in the event of a cardiac arrest.

Another electrical supply circuit for the operation of a safety lamp is recorded in Figure 21. Such a circuit can be arranged and built on a board such as board 518, 618, 718, 818, 918, 1018 or 1718. A transformed AC voltage is applied to the circuit from a voltage source via the AC voltage connection J1. The AC voltage connection J1 is designed as a plug connector. The connector can be designed as part of the inner housing, such as housing 209 or housing 309, so that the connector forms a mechanically fixed unit with the housing. The input resistor RF is located at the input of the circuit, for current limitation in the event of overvoltage, which is derived via the varistor U-VR. An input side of the rectifier B1 is connected between the input resistor RF and the varistor U-VR, which supplies the direct voltage for supplying the light-emitting diodes LED6, LED7 and LED8. The LEDs LED6, LED7 and LED8 are connected in series. This series connection is followed by the transistor T1 and a resistor R3 which, as an emitter resistor, limits the current flow through the transistor T1. The transistor T1 serves to compensate for fluctuations in the supply voltage by means of a current control, so that the light-emitting diodes LED6, LED7 and LED8 generate a constant luminous flux with a constant electrical current. The voltage drop across a tens diode DZ of a voltage divider, which also includes resistor R4, is supplied to the transistor as the control voltage. As a further measure for smoothing the supply voltage of the light-emitting diodes LED6, LED7 and LED8 from the rectifier B1, voltage fluctuations are “filtered out” by the capacitor CG, which is connected in parallel. Such a circuit as shown in FIG. 21 enables a constant current (see, for example, FIG. 7) to be set through the series circuit, produced by the LEDs LED6, LED7 and LED8. It is advantageous if so-called “high-voltage types of LEDs” are used as LEDs. With the "high-voltage types", a possible clamping voltage of more than 40 V is realized by an internal series connection of the individual P-N transitions in the LEDs. The 40 V can be realized with a nominal operating current. With such LEDs, the "high-voltage LEDs," direct operation of the LEDs can be carried out on an alternating voltage with 230 V at 50 Hz (alternating signal) as well as at 216 V direct voltage. The LEDs are directly connected to the supply voltage. Depending on the operating case, an AC voltage signal or a DC voltage signal is present as the supply voltage.

Figure 22 shows a circuit possibility that can be arranged on one of the boards 518, 618, 718, 818, 918, 1018, 1718 (see Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and Figure 15). The circuit is particularly suitable for safety lights that are used in central battery systems. The circuit according to FIG. 22 is characterized by low electrical consumption with numerous monitoring functions. The circuit according to FIG. 22 has the IC3 as the central component, which has a microcontroller with the connections Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, Pin4, Pin5, Pin6, Pin7, Pin8, Pin9, Pin10, Pin11, Pin12, Pin13, Pin14. The selector switch S1 with its connections Pin15, Pin16, Pin17, Pin18 is connected to the microcontroller via the connections Pin10, Pin11, Pin12, Pin 13. Different functions and programs that are stored in the microcontroller IC3 can be set via the selector switch S1. On the basis of such program selections, which are made via selector switch S1, one or the other measuring function can be switched on or off. The correct operation of the microcontroller IC3 / 53 can be done via the series connection of the resistor R11 and the LED LED13, which is connected to pin9 of the microcontroller IC3

AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office. For stabilization, a capacitor C6 is interposed between the connection pin1 and the connection pin14 of the microcontroller IC3. The voltage for the operation of the microcontroller IC3 is obtained from the transverse regulator IC4. IC4 is connected to pin1 of the microcontroller IC3. The transverse regulator IC4 draws its voltage at the input IN and supplies a stabilized, in particular lower voltage at its output OUT. The voltage relates to the connection of the grounding GND. A voltage divider input, made up of the two resistors R12 and R16, is connected to pin 8 of the microcontroller IC3. The series connection of the illuminants of the LEDs LED9, LED10, LED11, LED12 is led via resistor R7 to pin2 of the microcontroller ICs IC3. Another measuring input is led from the optocoupler U2 to the input pin3 of the microcontroller ICs IC3. Pin3 is pulled to ground via resistor R17 if the optocoupler U2 should not switch the positive voltage at pin27 to pin26, so that a controlled voltage level is present at pin26 or pin3 of the microcontroller IC IC3. Another measurement input is on pin5 of the microcontroller ICs IC3. The measurement input Pin5 is a voltage divider measurement input, which is composed of the combinations of the respective parallel connections from resistor R13 and capacitor C7 or resistor R10 and capacitor C5. The input voltage of the entire circuit, which is present at the rectifier B2 behind the varistor RV1, can be measured via the measurement input pin5. An output of the IC3 is led to the Mos-FET Q2, via which the parallel connection of capacitor C1 and resistor R15 can be short-circuited. A further voltage stabilization is produced by the resistor R6 and the capacitor C2 after the rectifier B2. The supply voltage from the power grid is led to the rectifier B2 via the resistor R5. Voltage peaks can be absorbed on the input side via the varistor RV1. Another switching input is connected to the connections Pin24, Pin25 of the optocoupler U2. To limit the current, a resistor R14 is connected upstream of the connection pin 24 of the optocoupler U2. By default, pin4 of the microcontroller IC3 is pulled to the supply voltage by connecting the pin5 of the microcontroller IC3 via the resistor R9 to the positive voltage of the cross regulator IC4. A switching power supply IC IC2, which, for. B. can be realized by an IC of the type "LNK 574, the voltage on the capacitor C2 clocks down on the output side to the series circuit comprising capacitor C3, coil L1 and capacitor C4". The current flow, which flows through the LEDs LED9, LED10, LED11, LED12, is galvanically isolated via the optocoupler U1, into the control inputs of the electrical contacts Pin FB and Pin BP of the switching power supply IC IC2. The LEDs LED9, LED10, LED11, LED12 receive their supply voltage from the switching power supply IC IC2. The LEDs 9, LED10, LED11, LED12 are quickly extinguished using the diode D2, which is connected behind the resistor R8. Otherwise, the resistor R8 is a current limiting resistor for the optocoupler U1. As a further external connection of the switching power supply IC IC2, a diode D1 is connected to the connections Pin20, Pin21, Pin22, Pin23. The connections Pin FB and Pin BP on the switching power supply IC IC2 determine the clock frequency over which the power from the connection Pin D is passed on to the connections Pin20, Pin21, Pin22, Pin23 of the switching power supply IC IC2. Whether the correct voltage is applied to the lamps LED9, LED10, LED11, LED12 can be determined using the voltage divider from the two resistors R12, R16 by tapping a divided voltage for the pin9 connection of the IC3 microcontroller IC. If there is sufficient voltage at the anode of the first LED LED9, the same voltage is present at the transverse regulator IC4. The measured input voltage at the voltage divider from the resistors R10, R13 is stabilized via the voltage division of the capacitors C5, C7 and shifted somewhat out of phase. By connecting and disconnecting the line with the capacitor C1 and the resistor R15 arranged in parallel therewith by the Mos-FET Q2, the stabilization behavior at the drain connection of the switching power supply IC IC2 is changed. If the switch S1 selects such a position that the microcontroller IC3 monitors and controls as little as possible and thus reduces energy consumption, the switching power supply IC IC2 continues to reduce its clock frequency and thus saves electrical energy. The individual measuring points, e.g. B. at Pin5, z. B. at Pin8, can be switched on and off at will by the microcontroller IC3. The current flow through the illuminants LED9,

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LED10, LED11, LED12, which is already limited by the resistor R7, can be set by controlling the connection Pin2 of the microcontroller IC IC3. If one of the resistors of the different voltage dividers is a temperature-dependent resistor, the brightness of the LEDs LED9, LED10, LED11, LED12 can be set with a variable electrical current, similar to the illustration according to FIG. In addition, if the variable electrical current is to be varied further, a switching pulse can be applied via resistor R14 to the optocoupler, more precisely to pins P24, pin 25, which is electrically decoupled and passed on to pin 3 of the microcontroller IC IC3.

Figure 23 shows a possible circuit variant for the previously presented safety lights, which can be used in particular as a single battery light. The voltage supply is present via the resistors R101, R108, R107 and the varistor UV1 both on the rectifier B101 and on the optocoupler U101. The rectifier B101 is connected to the transformer TR1 via the resistor R115. Voltages can be applied via contacts X4-2 and X1-3. A microcontroller IC102 is provided in the circuit according to FIG. 23 for program control. The microcontroller IC102 has numerous inputs P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P18, P19, P20, not all of which Inputs are switched. The supply voltage for the microcontroller IC102 comes from the cross regulator IC103, stabilized by the capacitor CN5, to the pin P1, which is responsible for the supply voltage of the microcontroller IC102. The power supply controller with the switching power supply IC IC1, z. B. can be of the type "LNK 632 DG, works through its external circuitry with the diode D103, the resistor R118, the voltage divider consisting of the resistors R116, R117 and the capacitors C103, C104 as the first primary switching regulator. The tiller P21, P22, P23, P24 are grounded. The voltage of the primary switching regulator is electrically isolated via the transformer TR1 and is led via the diode D109 only for the positive voltage component to the capacitor C106 as a stabilizing capacitor, so that the voltage at numerous points, e.g. B. at the cross controller IC103, is available. The voltage reaches the IN connection of the IC103 cross-regulator. An adjusted voltage is output at the connection OUT of the cross-regulator IC103. The reference potential is related to the GND ground. The current which flows through this voltage through the lamps LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104 can be set via the semiconductor component Q101. For this purpose, the resistor R110 is tapped at the emitter of the transistor Q101 and led to the connection P11 of the microcontroller ICs IC102. How far the transistor Q101 is turned on is determined by the control via the connection P10 of the microcontroller IC IC102, which is led via the resistor R102 to the base of the transistor Q101 stabilized with the capacitor CN4. A current control loop for the current through the LEDs LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104 can be set through the two connections P10, P11. The accumulator, like the accumulator 953 (see FIG. 12), can be connected at the position marked with the symbol “X2”. The components resistor R1N1, Zener diode D102, Mos-FET Q105, resistor R1N4, resistor R1N2, coil L101 and push-pull stage of the Mos-FETs T3A, T4A represent a charging and discharging circuit for the accumulator connected to connection X2. The Mos-FET T3A forms a buck converter together with the coil L101 and the diode in the Mos-FET T4A. The buck converter is pulse width controlled. The pulse width of the buck converter is controlled via the microcontroller IC102, more precisely via pin P8. The step-down converter supplies the charge for the accumulator, which is connected to connection X2. The Mos-FET T4A forms a step-up converter together with the coil L101 and the diode of the MosFET. The step-up converter is pulse-width controlled via the IC102 microcontroller IC. The step-up converter supplies the LEDs LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104 from the accumulator. The Mos-FET Q105, whose gate is controlled via the resistor R1N1 and the tens diode D102, forms a deep discharge protection for the accumulator. The MosFET Q105 becomes high-resistance after a drop in the supply voltage (applied via the capacitor C106). The connection from the coil L101 to the accumulator is only re-established after the supply voltage has been applied again. The capacitor CN1 equalizes the voltages at the center tap of the resistors R1N4 and

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R1N2 built voltage divider. The voltage on the input side of the transverse regulator IC103 is measured via the voltage divider with the resistors R104, R106 and fed to the connection P12 of the microcontroller ICs IC102. The optocoupler U101, which is connected on one side by the resistors R107, R108 and on the other side by the capacitor CN2, can be used to conduct switching and control pulses in an electrically decoupled manner to the connection P13 of the microcontroller IC IC102. Additional control outputs can be connected to resistors R2N2, R2n3, R2N4, which can be controlled via connections P14, P15, P16 of the microcontroller IC IC102. A voltage of the transverse regulator IC103 for these control inputs is “applied to the outside via the resistor R2N1. The Mos-FET T3A can be controlled at its gate via the capacitor CN3 through the connection pin P5. The voltage level at the gate of the Mos-FET T3A is set via the tens diode D101. The voltage level is connected to the IN connection of the IC103 cross-regulator via the resistor R1N3. Deep discharge protection for the accumulator to be connected to connection X2 is implemented via the Mos-FET Q105. With the help of the U101 optocoupler, it can be set whether the circuit according to FIG. 23 should operate a safety light as a continuous light light or as a standby light light. The clock speed of the push-pull stage from the Mos-FET T3A, T4A can be slowed down or accelerated by an intelligent program control in the IC102 microcontroller IC. Intelligent program control in the IC102 microcontroller IC enables the luminance of the LEDs LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104 to be increased over the course of the operating time. Aging of the LEDs LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104 can be measured and determined using the current of the emitter of the transistor Q101, which is tapped off as a voltage across the resistor R110. The clock frequency in the primary switching regulator, in particular via the transformer TR1, is set via the connections PFB and PBP. One side of the transformer TR1 is led to the contact tab PD. The voltage on transformer TR1 is already stabilized on the input side by capacitors C107 and C108. A backflow of energy via the transformer TR1 is avoided by the diode D109, the voltage behind the diode D109 likewise being stabilized by a capacitor, by the capacitor C106. The value of the voltage across the resistor R2N1 can be used to infer the current accumulator voltage of the accumulator at the connection X2. This information is also available to the IC102 microcontroller IC via connection P7.

Figure 24 shows a possible circuit variant for a high-frequency communication module, which in the previously z. B. in Figure 1, z. B. in Figure 3 or z. B. can be installed in Figure 4 safety lights and housings to form a lamp module 1831. The circuit according to FIG. 24 comprises an input module with the connection for the phase conductor L and the neutral conductor N, a rectifier B201 and a capacitor C201 for smoothing the rectified voltage after the rectifier B201. The voltage can be passed on to the function module with the microprocessor HF-MCU via the switching contact of the relay K200 '. The microprocessor HF-MCU gets its clocking from a quartz Q200. The microprocessor HF-MCU is in electrical connection with a series resonant circuit consisting of the capacitor C202 and the coil L201, which is led to the antenna A201. The microprocessor HF-MCU can control the lamps LED201, LED202. For this purpose, a PIN of the HF-MCU microprocessor is routed to the resistor R200. The resistor R200 is connected in series to the lamps LED201, LED202. The resistor R202 serves as a charge resistor for the battery B200. The diode D200 can provide electrical energy from the battery B200 to the microprocessor HF-MCU if there is no voltage across the switching contact of the relay K200 '. The Si1010 from Silicon Labs, for example, could be used as a suitable microcontroller HF-MCU.

The circuit according to FIG. 24 is supplied by a voltage which is present at the connections of the phase conductor L and the neutral conductor N. The voltage can be, for example, a voltage from the supply network. The rectifier B201 and the capacitor C201 ensure that a DC voltage is subsequently available to the circuit. The voltage corresponds to the peak voltage from the supply network. The

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Accumulator B200 is charged from the DC voltage via resistor R202. The lamp consisting of two LEDs (LED201, LED202) is also supplied from the DC voltage. The LEDs LED201, LED202 are white light emitting diodes. The electrical current through the LEDs LED201, LED202 is limited by the resistor R200. If a final charge voltage is selected that is between 60% and 85% of the nominal voltage of the battery B200, and the DC voltage at the microcontroller HF-MCU falls below a specified limit, the lamp, the LEDs LED201 and LED202, can be removed from the battery can be supplied via the diode D200. The microcontroller HF-MCU is a microcontroller with an analog-digital converter and an RF module (radio frequency module). The negative pole of the battery B200 is taken as the reference potential. In an alternative embodiment, the energy supply for the microcontroller HF-MCU can take place via a DC-DC converter from the anode potential of the LED201 (not shown). With the three connections shown in FIG. 24 on the microcontroller HF-MCU (3-pin), connections of the microcontroller HF-MCU being selected which are routed to the analog-digital converter, the microcontroller can determine the actual value of the Measure the DC voltage, the voltage of the battery B200 and the current through the lamp from LED201 and LED202 using the voltage across the resistor R200. Voltage differences can be determined in the HF-MCU microcontroller in a calculation step. The voltage differences serve to determine the charging current for the battery B200 and the voltage via the illuminant (LED201, LED202). If values are measured and calculated that lie outside a tolerance band, the microcontroller reports this error via antenna A201 to other, in particular similar network node points. In response to this, the HF-MCU microcontroller can force the circuit from the battery B200 to operate by switching the relay K200. A capacity test of the battery B200 can also be carried out. The signal for the transmission as a high-frequency signal is passed on to the antenna A201 via the bandpass filter of the capacitor C202 and the coil L201, which is matched to the radio transmission frequency band. In a further possibility, the signal can also be forwarded to other points in the circuit via the connections shown in dashed lines. The quartz Q200 serves as a clock or as a clock in the sense of a frequency base for the frequency band. The Quartz Q200 can also be used as a time base for an up-to-date stamp or trip counter.

The safety lamp presented above can also be referred to as a lamp with a housing in a housing. The concept “housing-in-housing creates areas of different tightness classes in the safety light. The particularly critical parts of the safety light, in particular the electronic module with LEDs, the electronic ballast or the electronic control gear, are protected in two ways.

[00111] Such safety lights can be exposed to the usual cleaning measures for tunnels. Tunnels are often cleaned with brush vehicles that apply cleaning water to the wall to be cleaned with pressures of up to 3000 bar. The encapsulated electronics of the safety light is protected from the cleaning water. The double wall of the housing protects the most sensitive part of the safety light several times, more precisely twice.

The combinations and exemplary embodiments described above can also be considered in numerous other connections and combinations.

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LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

201, 301, 401,

801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 1601 ' security Lights 1602 emergency exit light 203, 303, 403, 1103 first housing 1604 Signage 205, 305, 805, Light exit surface, in particular 905, 1105 light emission 207, 307, 1607 9, 109, 209, 309, pictogram 809, 909, 1109 1709 second housing, in particular inner housing

11, 111, 211, 311,

411, 811, 81T, Windows, especially windows with raised 911, 91T, 1111, 1411, 1711 translucency 13, 113, 1713 first side wall, in particular the second housing 1714 Side wall segment 15, 115, 1715 second side wall, in particular the second housing 516, 616, 716, 816 Area with light control function, especially a reflector 117, 417, 917, Area with light control function, 1017, 1117, 1417 especially a lens 518, 618, 718, 818, 918, 1018, circuit board

1718

519, 619, 719, 819, 919, 1719 clearance 520, 620, 720, first mirror surface, in particular 820, 920, 1420 prismatic boundary layer 121, 421, 521, 621, 721, 821, first LED

921, 1021, 1121,

1721

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123, 423, 1023, second LED 1723 125, 425, 1725 third LED 127, 427 fourth LED 129, 429 fifth LED 1730 holder 131, 831, 931, lamp module 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831 1732 Flap, especially sidewall segment 233, 333, 1433 Light distribution disk, in particular Lichtverteilkranz 235, 335, 835, first interior, especially larger 935, 1135 inner space 237, 337, 837, second, especially the first 937, 1137, 1737 separate interior 39, 139, 839, 939, Light-emitting surface 1739 41, 841, 941 Light entry surface 143 switching input 1245, 1345 first light propagation, in particular projection plane 1247, 1347 second light propagation, in particular projection plane 1248, 1348 Irradiation standards of an LED 549, 649, 749, first luminous flux maximum 1349 650, 750, second luminous flux maximum 1350 851, 951, 1151, transformer 1751 953, 1153 accumulator 1754 Control unit, in particular IC 855, 1155 capacitor 1756 Tuning module, especially switches 857, 957, 1157 control board 859, 959 AC power supply

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1063, 1163 first lens area, especially convex 1065, 1165 second lens area, in particular convex 1069, 1169 third lens area, especially concave 1170 fourth lens area, in particular slit 1571 Radio, in particular a mobile phone 1572 communication module 1175 first contact strip, in particular an electrical-thermal conductor 1177 second contact strip, in particular electrical-thermal conductor 1179 line contact 1181 Light conversion layer 1183 fifth lens area, in particular potting body 1185 heat conduction 1186 Luminescence semiconductors, in particular layers doping 1587, 1687, 1687 ' escape route 1688 tunnel 1689 tunnel ceiling

1590, 1690 rear wall 591, 691, 791, Light beam path, especially LED 891, 1491 beam of light 593, 693, 793, Light beam path, in particular 993, 1493, 1693, deflected beam of light 1693 ' 594, 794, 894, second mirror surface 1494 695, 795, 895 third mirror surface 596, 696, 796, extension 896, 996, 1096 1097 spacing 1598 First recognition distance, in particular minimal width 1599 Second recognition range, in particular maximum width α, α ', α angle

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β ', β Y φ, φ ', φ, φ' angle angle Angle, especially in the illumination plane ψ, ψ ' I Angle, in particular detection angle of electrical current I const constant current, especially a control unit Ivar variable current, especially a control unit Φ, Φ ', Φ Luminous flux Φ1 Luminous flux, especially a safety light with constant current control Φ2 Luminous flux, especially one Safety light with regulated increasing current Φη, ίη, Φ'η, ίη Minimum luminous flux, especially as Failure limit of a safety lamp tEndl first operating time end tEnd2 second operating time end t uptime Α201 antenna Β200 accumulator Β1, Β2, Β101, Β201 rectifier CG capacitor C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 Capacitor, especially capacitance C103, C104, C106, C107, C108, C201, Capacitor, especially capacitance

C202

CN1, CN2, CN3, CN4, CN5 Capacitor, especially capacitance DD diode DZ Diode, especially Zener diode D1, D2, diode D101, D102 Zener diode D103, D109, D200 diode

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GND grounding RF MCU Microcontroller with high-frequency assembly IC1 IC, especially operational amplifiers IC2, IC101 IC, especially switching power supply IC IC3, IC102 IC, especially microcontrollers IC4, IC103 IC, in particular cross regulators IN Input, especially connection of the cross regulator J1 AC voltage connection, in particular for transformed AC voltage K200, K200 ' Relays with switch contacts L phase conductor LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED6, LED, in particular light-emitting diode

LED7, LED8, LED9,

LED10, LED11,

LED12, LED13

LED101, LED102, LED103, LED104, LED, in particular light-emitting diode

LED201, LED202

L1, L101, L201 Kitchen sink N neutral OUT Output, in particular connection of the cross controller P1, P2, P3, P4, electronic contact, in particular P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, Contact flag or pin or connection pin

P13, P14, P15,

P16, P17, P18,

P19, P20, P21,

P22, P23, P24

Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, electronic contact, in particular Pin4, Pin5, Pin6, Pin7, Pin8, Pin9, Contact flag or pin

Pin10, Pin11,

Pin12, Pin13,

Pin14, Pin15,

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Pin16, Pin17,

Pin18, Pin19,

Pin20, Pin21,

Pin22, Pin23,

Pin24, Pin25,

Pin26, Pin27

PD electronic contact, especially contact flag PFB electronic contact, especially contact flag PBP electronic contact, especially contact flag Pin D electronic contact, in particular Contact flag or pin Pin FB electronic contact, in particular Contact flag or pin Pin BP electronic contact, in particular Contact flag or pin Q1, Q2, Q105 controlling semiconductor device, in particular Mos-FET Q200 Quartz, especially as a clock R1 Resistance, in particular Current limiting resistor R2 Resistance, in particular Voltage divider resistor R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, resistance

R11, R12, R13,

R14, R15, R16, R17

R101, R102, R104, R106, R107, R108, resistance

R110, R115, R116,

R117, R118, R200,

R202

RF protection resistor R1N1, R1N2, R1N3, R1N4, R1N5 resistance

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R2N1, R2N2, R2N3, R2N4 resistance RV1 varistor S1 Regulator or selector switch SV1-1 first contact, especially for a supply voltage SV1-2 second contact, especially for a supply voltage T1, Q101 controlling semiconductor device, in particular transistor T3A, T4A Field effect transistor, especially Mos-FET TR1 Transformer U1, U2, U101 optocoupler UV1 varistor U-VR varistor VCC potential VDD potential X4-2 Contact X1-3 Contact X2 Contact

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Claims (15)

1. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602), which has a housing (203, 303, 403, 1103, 1604) with at least one, in particular with a pictogram (207, 307), with an opaque light distribution disc (233, 333, 1433) or with a lens structure-affecting illuminated disc, light emission surface (205, 305, 805, 905, 1105), in which in an interior (235, 237, 335, 337, 835 , 837, 935, 937, 1135, 1137, 1737) of the safety light (801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) a light module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831) is integrated, characterized in that the safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) two housings (9, 109, 203, 303, 403, 809, 909, 1103, 1109, 1604, 1709), namely the housing (203, 303, 403, 1103, 1604) with the light emission surface (205, 305, 805, 905, 1105) as a first housing and a second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709), and the lamp module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831) as electronic control gear for at least two LEDs (121, 421, 521, 621, 721, 821, 921, 1021, 1121, 1721, 123, 423, 1023, 1723, 125, 425, 1725, 127, 427, 129, 429, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202), whose supply voltage can be obtained from an AC voltage supply (L, N), in particular a luminous flux supply, and the at least two LEDs ( 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421, 423, 425, 427, 429, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) are electrically connected in series and with their light-radiating orientation to a translucent area, which acts as a window (11, 111, 211, 311, 411, 811, 811 '911, 91T, 1111, 1411, 1711), the insulating second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709), which the Interior (235, 237, 335, 337, 835, 837, 935, 937, 1135, 1137, 1737) divides, are aligned, with the insulating second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) the light module ( 131, 831, 931, 1031, 1731, 1 831) in a separate interior (237, 337, 1137) against influences from the rest of the interior (235, 335, 1135) of the safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 1601 ', 1602) protects electrically and / or thermally and / or liquid. 2. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to claim 1, characterized in that the window (11) has a surface which forms a light entry surface (41) and one Has surface which forms a light exit surface (39), the light entry surface (41) and the light exit surface (39) each having surface areas which are arranged parallel to one another. 3. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the window (11, 111, 211, 311, 411, 811, 811 '911, 91T, 1111, 1411, 1711) is opalescent. 4. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first housing (203, 303, 403, 1103, 1604) of the safety light (801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) has a first protection class and the insulating, second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) of the light module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131 , 1731, 1831) has a second protection class, the second protection class by encapsulating the insulating, second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) and limiting its, in particular second, interior (237, 337, 835 , 837, 935, 937, 1137, 1737), whereby the second protection class is preferably higher than the first protection class. 5. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the window (11, 111, 211, 311, 411, 811, 811 '911, 91T, 1111, 1411, 1711) made of a polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate or of a polyethylene terephthalate, in particular 33/53 AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office is produced by an injection molding process and preferably the insulating, second housing (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, made of a polycarbonate, made of one Polyester or combinations of these materials is made. 6. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the window (11, 111, 211, 311, 411, 811, 811 '911, 911', 1111, 1411, 1711) a light control function (516, 616, 716, 816, 917, 1017, 1117, 1417), e.g. B. by a lens structure (917, 1017, 1117, 1417), which in particular in a spatial plane takes a light beam (591, 691, 791, 891) by the LEDs (521, 621, 721, 821, 921, LED1 , LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) comes from, focused. 7. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic operating device has a voltage input (SV1-1, SV1-2, L, N) for the supply voltage, to which both direct voltage and alternating voltage can be connected as supply voltage. 8. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic operating device has an output resistor (R1, R2, R200) at an interface the LEDs (LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) which is variable. 9. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the insulating, second housing (109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709 ) an accumulator (B200) is arranged, which receives an electrical charge from the supply voltage in the case of an existing supply voltage, in particular receives at least one trickle charge, and the electrical supply of the LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421 if there is no supply voltage) , 423, 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) takes over. 10. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831 ) the LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421, 423, 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) carries, especially the LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421, 423, 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) on the light module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831) are attached. 11. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light module (131, 831, 931, 1031, 1131, 1731, 1831 ) a monitoring circuit for the LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421, 423, 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202), a monitoring circuit for an accumulator (B200, 953, 1153) and / or a signaling circuit for high-frequency transmission of status messages of the safety light (801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) to a central control unit. 12. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety light (801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602 ) comprises a switching input, in particular in addition to the voltage input (SV1-1, SV1-2), a second switching input, via which a luminous flux can only be changed in the case of an undisturbed supply voltage. 34/53 AT 512 761 B1 2020-02-15 Austrian patent office 13. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the housings (9, 109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709 ; 203, 303, 403, 1103, 1604) comprises parts which, as a housing segment field (1713, 1714, 1715, 1732), form contiguous, in particular foldable or foldable, side walls of the housing. 14. Safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating, second housing (9, 109, 209, 309, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) the LEDs (121, 421, 521, 621, 721, 821, 921, 1021, 1121, 1721, 123, 423, 1023, 1723, 125, 425, 1725, 127, 427, 129, 429 , LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) covered with a material made of polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate, in which additive flame retardants are incorporated, preferably a transparency of the window (11, 111, 211, 311, 411, 811, 811 '911, 911', 1111, 1411, 1711) is printed in certain areas, which produces a modified transparency in some areas. 15. Operating control method of a safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, the at least two LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421 , 423, 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202) in a separate, inner housing (109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) within the Housing (203, 303, 403, 1103, 1604) of the safety light (801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602), characterized in that the safety light (201, 301, 401, 801, 901, 1101, 1501, 1601, 160T, 1602) an operating state and / or a malfunction of the components of the inner housing (109, 809, 909, 1109, 1709) via at least one of the LEDs (121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 421, 423 , 425, 427, 429, 821, 921, 1121, 1721, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, LED5, LED201, LED202).