AT502491B1 - Storage container for e.g. wood piece of furnace i.e. combustion furnace, has drive and/or traction unit for reversibly bringing loop into tightened state, so that fuel is brought to top of loop, whose length and sagging are reduced - Google Patents

Abstract

The container (20) has a conveying unit for conveying fuel (17) to a furnace (40), where the conveying unit has a flexible, pliable conveying loop (1). The fuel is applied to the loop during an operation, where the loop forms a shape, which is approximately bag-shaped and sagged downwards, during loading the loop with the fuel. A drive and/or traction unit reversibly brings the loop into a tightened state, such that the fuel in the loop is brought to the top of the loop, whose length and sagging are reduced in the tightened state.

Description

2 AT 502 491 B1

The invention relates to a storage container for solid fuels according to the preamble of claim 1 and an oven with a reservoir connected thereto.

Various devices are known from the prior art, with which wood stoves 5 can be automatically loaded with logs. For example, in US 4,539,915 a device is described, are added to the logs from above in a kiln. In FR 2 668 581 an automatic feeding device is described, with which logwood is conveyed over inclined surfaces in the direction.

In AT 399 388 an oven is described which has on its upper side a storage container for piece wood, by means of which the oven can be charged by gravity. 15 In FR 2760516 a storage container for logs with a vertical conveyor unit is described.

In addition, there are numerous possibilities of automatic loading of a combustion furnace for defined processed general cargo such as pellets, wood chips, etc. For such 20 uniform piece goods, there are a large number of funding opportunities.

A method of feeding that was quite common for firewood was, depending on the heat requirement, to manually fill in logs by hand. Since the heat requirement can not be accurately predicted or not having to reheat continuously, the filling volume 25 of such ovens is usually chosen to be relatively large. However, excess energy must be dissipated in a buffer or water tank. However, this is only partially economically possible, since in addition to the Erstanschaffungskosten, the space requirement, etc., the heat loss of such buffer memory is crucial. Such solid fuel stoves must be loaded several times a day at full heating. In particular, in the transitional period, 30 where little heat energy is needed, a targeted heating is not well possible.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a storage container which is easily and simply connected to a furnace and can be promoted to the furnace with the solid fuels, especially logs, smoothly and automatically or the furnace be sent in this way be-35 can. Such a device should be mechanically simple and inexpensive and operate trouble-free in continuous operation.

These objects are achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. By the features of claim 1, a mechanically very simple structure is created, which is less susceptible to interference and has little signs of wear during operation. Accordingly, it works reliably and any maintenance is very easy to perform. The advantageous features according to claim 2 ensure a structurally "simple" design.

In order to bring the logs automatically in the correct dispensing position, it is advantageous if the features of claim 3 are provided. This technically simple measure thus ensures the reliable loading of the furnace.

In order to ensure a complete unloading or emptying of the conveyor loop, it is advantageous to provide the features of claim 4. In combination with the features of claim 3, the conveyor loop can be completely freed from 55 logs in a simple and fast way, which is very useful especially for repair work. 3 AT 502 491 B1

The conveyor loop may be advantageously composed according to the features of claim 5 as a wide mat or from a plurality of individual bands. In this way, consideration can be given to the nature and dimensions of the billet. In order to provide an always sufficient conveyor loop length for the promotion, it is advantageous if the features of claim 6 are formed. In this way, the control needs no query for already used lengths when lifting or lowering the conveyor loop. The deflection axes are designed for the advantageous movement of the conveyor loop according to the features of claim 7.

In this context, it is particularly advantageous to provide the features of claim 8, whereby the conveyor loop can be raised and lowered or stretched and relaxed 15.

A very simple embodiment is provided by the features of claim 9. By the features of claim 9, the advantage is ensured that the fuel is always at a targeted height by the two independent drives, so 20, the control of when the wood is conveyed in the direction of the oven, very precisely and accurately.

In order to keep the conveyor loop constantly taut, depending on the discharge state, it is advantageous to provide the features of claim 10. 25

The features of claim 11 provide the advantage that the charging process is controllable to effect controlled conveyance.

The features of claim 12 ensure further control and make 30 a conclusion or a Verschließmöglichkeit the reservoir.

An advantageous type of attachment or the opening is ensured by the features of claim 13. The features of claim 14 ensure that a kind of intermediate position is created in which the wood reaching the flap from the reservoir can be temporarily stored.

The flap detector according to claim 15 prevents uncontrolled Nachfeördern t) zw. 40 causes an opening only when wood actually rests on the flap.

This is ensured by the features of claim 16, wherein a feedback to the control elements of the reservoir takes place. 45 According to claim 18, a kind of lock is formed between the reservoir and the furnace, which allows an advantageous loading and control of the furnace. The locks are advantageously controlled according to claim 18 so that at least one is always closed during operation. Thereby, even in the event of a disturbance, such as. In the event of a power failure, ensure that one of the two flaps always retains smoke or other fumes at -50.

In this context, it is advantageous if the features of claim 19 are formed. 55 For easy filling of the conveyor loop, it is advantageous to provide the features of claim 20 4 AT 502 491 B1.

The features of claim 21 provide the advantage of additional support of the conveyor loop, especially for heavy loads. In this way, the maximum sag or size of the conveyor loop is limited or predetermined. This is to prevent tearing of the conveyor loop at full load or define the maximum capacity.

The features of claim 22 show a particularly stable and easy mounting of the support frame.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide an automatically loadable furnace or a heating system. This object is solved by the features of claim 23.

The features of claim 23 describe an advantageous arrangement comprising a furnace and a reservoir according to the invention. Such a device has the advantage that an automatic promotion of the fuels is possible and they can be reloaded or ignited at the most appropriate time.

The lock module according to claim 24 constitutes an advantageous connection between the oven and the storage container. As a result, the security is increased or the control possibilities are increased.

The furnace is advantageously constructed according to the features of claim 25.

In order to further improve the control and to ensure further adjustment options, it is advantageous to provide a level detector in the oven according to claim 26.

The advantageous coupling of the control systems according to claim 27 causes an automatic Heizbetriebseinstellung over a longer period of time.

By the features of claim 28, an automatic heating operation over a longer period is possible.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and from the accompanying drawings.

The invention is illustrated schematically by means of embodiments in the drawings and will be described below with reference to the drawings, for example.

Fig. 1 shows an oven with upstream reservoir in an overall view.

Fig. 2 shows a detail view of the reservoir seen from the side.

Fig. 3 shows an oven with upstream reservoir in fully loaded condition. Fig. 4 shows an oven with upstream reservoir in partially deflated condition.

In Fig. 1, a heating system is shown, which comprises a Vorratsbehälter20 invention and an oven 40, which are connected via a lock module 30 in operative connection or coupled.

The reservoir 20 is spatially separated from the oven 40. From the reservoir 20, a discharge opening 12 leads as a single opening of the reservoir 20 in the lock module 30 and in the further course in the oven 40th

The storage container 20 has a delivery unit with which fuels 17 can be conveyed to the furnace 40. This conveyor unit is designed according to the invention in the form of a flexible and flexible conveyor loop 1. The fuels 17 can be placed on this conveyor loop, as shown in Fig. 2.

The conveyor loop is, as shown in Fig. 2, composed of two spaced-apart zueinan-5 of the parallel individual bands. The conveyor loop 1 can also have a different shape, in particular, this can be configured as a one-piece wide mat or as a wide band, in which case there is no gap between the individual bands. The conveyor loop 1 may also be formed as a chain or have a net-like structure. 10

The conveyor loop 1 is mounted or suspended at its uppermost area between two deflection axes 3 and 4. When loaded with fuels, as shown in Fig. 1, the conveyor loop 1 forms a bag-like shape and depends down through. Between these two deflection axes 3 and 4 an upwardly open discharge area 7 is formed, 15 through which the fuels from the conveyor loop 1 can be brought out.

The VorratsbehäIter 20 is housed essentially in a housing which is bounded on both sides with side walls 22. The depth of the reservoir 20 is a few centimeters shorter than the depth of the combustion chamber to allow safe insertion. The billet 20 is advantageously to be selected in length so that it corresponds to the depth of the reservoir 20, i. It must be ensured that the firewood 17 or the firewood is stackable and as shown in Fig. 2 on the conveyor loop 1 can be placed. Deviations of approx. 20% to the maximum length do not disturb the function. In order to avoid disturbances of the automatic conveyance, it is advantageous to sort out large and extremely shapeless piece of wood 17 or wood with 25 protruding branches as well as too small or brittle wood in advance. Fuels, which have the usual dimensions and geometries, as they arise in the wood splitting of round and square timber, are suitable for the feed.

In the reservoir 20 further drive or traction means are provided with which the conveyor 30 loop 1 moves or can be stretched or relaxed or with which the length of the conveyor loop 1 can be shortened or extended and their sag reduced or increased becomes. In this way, with appropriate movement of the drive or traction means of the bag-shaped cross-section of the conveyor loop 1 and the fuels 17 are increased upward in the direction of the discharge area 7 towards. This process is reversible.

In Fig. 1 and also in Fig. 3 and 4 it can be seen that a arranged on the left side of the reservoir 20, the discharge opening 12 distant deflection axis 3 is provided, as well as one of the discharge opening 12 near or near the furnace deflection 4. These two deflection axes 40 3, 4 also define the size of the output area 7.

The right deflection axis 4 represents the upper discharge edge 19, which must overcome the fuels 17 in order to be discharged in the direction of the lock module 30 or to the oven 40. The deflection axis 3 is relatively higher in relation to the conveyor loop 1 than the deflection 45 axis 4 is arranged. This predetermines the direction with which the fuels 17 can be removed from the conveyor loop 1, namely in the direction of the dispensing opening 12 via the dispensing edge 19.

In Fig. 1 and 3, the conveyor loop 1 is fully loaded with fuel 17 and is in their maximum sag before. If fuel 17 is discharged from the conveyor loop 1 or train is exerted via the drive means, then the cross section and the length are reduced and the conveyor loop 1 assumes a shape as in FIG. 4.

In order to completely empty the conveyor loop 1, a further reduction of the Durchhän-55 tion is necessary. In the fully tensioned and unloaded state, the conveyor loop 6 forms a flat surface between the deflection axis 3 and the deflection axis 4. Fuels 17 can not hold on this inclined surface and automatically slide over the discharge edge 19 through the discharge opening 12 in the lock module 30. 5 The conveyor loop 1 of FIG. 1 and 3 is formed in the present embodiment as a circulating endless belt, with numerous other Circumferential axes 16 are provided which cause the circumferential guidance of the conveyor loop 1 in the reservoir 20. Starting from the furnace-remote deflection axis 3, the conveyor loop 1 is diverted through a first deflection axis 16 by 90 ° down. There is formed as a deflection axis io train weight, which as shown in Fig. 4, downwardly movable. From this draw weight 2, the conveyor loop 1 is again up to a second axis of rotation 16, where it is deflected by 180 ° and extends in the direction of the bottom of the reservoir 20. There it is rotated by 90 ° by a third deflection axis to the right in the opposite corner of the Reservoir 20 is deflected, where it is passed through a fourth deflection axis 16 in turn by 90 ° upwards 15 along the boundary wall to the oven 40 and the lock 30 out. At the top point is the discharge opening 12 near deflection axis 4, at which the conveyor loop 1, the discharge edge 19 is defined and deflected by 180 °, with this deflection and by the deflection on the opposite deflection axis 3, the bag-like sagging of the conveyor loop 1 for introduction of the fuel 17 is formed. The drawweight 2 is movable up and down and causes a shortening or tightening of the available length of the conveyor loop 1. If the draw weight 2 is pulled down, so the sagging of the conveyor loop 1 decreases.

The deflection axes 16 and the oven-near and the furnace-remote deflection axis 3 and 4 can be either 25 freely rotatable guide rollers or rollers or rigid smooth deflection rods, along which the conveyor loop 1 can slide along. The deflection axes may also be provided with adhesion enhancing agents, such as e.g. To be equipped teeth or protrusions to achieve a good operative connection especially when forming the conveyor loop 1 as a network or chain. 30

The deflection axes 3, 4, 16 may be formed as drive or traction means, wherein in the present embodiment, the deflection axes 3 and 4 are motorized. The drive of the conveyor loop can also be done via an independent drive, which attaches somewhere on the conveyor loop. 35

The drives of the deflection axis 3 and 4 operate independently. In this way, the left and right upper sides of the conveyor loop 1 can be independently lowered and / or raised. This causes a very good control of the application of the firewood 17. 40

In Fig. 3, a height detector 6 is provided in the open dispensing area 7 of the conveyor loop 1. This height detector 6 may be a mechanical or electronic, for example, equipped with light elements or sensors, detector. If the height detector 6 is triggered by the fuels 17 by the fuels 17 reaching a certain height, then the movement of the conveyor loop 1 and / or the drive or the traction means is stopped or reversed for a certain time.

The fuels 17 can be discharged from the storage container 20 via a delivery opening 12 located at the top right in the storage container 20. This discharge opening 12 is provided with a verso closable upper flap 9. This upper cap 9 is attached to the upper cover of the reservoir 20 via a baffle 5, wherein the hinge of the upper flap 9 is located on this guide plate 5. As a result, the upper flap 9 can be swung down.

Through the upper flap 9 and the baffle 5, a container-like shape is formed, 55 in the fuels 17, which fall over the Ausbringkante 19, come to rest. In the region of the upper flap 9, there is thus a buffer storage position which intermediately stores the fuels 17 for a certain time.

In the area of the upper flap 9, a flap detector 8 is provided which detects whether there are 5 fuels 17 in the region of the upper flap.

Below the upper flap 9, a lower flap 10 is provided, which is also aufschwingbar down. This is arranged in the region of the lock module 30 and represents the direct connection between the furnace 40 and the lock module 30. Through these two flaps, the upper flap 9 and the lower flap 10, a kind of lock or a lock system is formed. At least one of these two flaps 9, 10 is always closed. The flaps 9, 10 are smoke-tight or insulating against exhaust gases formed and close tightly, so that from the oven 40 no exhaust gases in the direction of the reservoir 20-can escape. 15

Furthermore, an electronic or computerized control mechanism is provided, on the one hand controls the gegengleiche movement of the upper flap 9 and the lower flap 10 and on the other hand when triggering the flap detector 8, the upper flap 9 opens and the drive or traction means stops and the conveyor loop 1, if necessary lower something. -The mechanical drive of the flaps 9, 10 is self-locking, i. even in the event of a power failure, there is no unwanted opening of the flaps 9, 10.

In the area below the lock module 30 below the lower flap 10 is the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber 25 of the furnace 40. The reaching into the oven 40 25 fuels 17 are on a grate 14 and can there via an ignition 15, in particular an automatic Ignition, to be ignited. In the combustion chamber 25 is a level detector 13 provide that indicates how much fuel 17 is present in the combustion chamber 25. This level detector 13 is connected to the control of the reservoir 20, in particular with the control of the conveyor loop 1. When the level detector 13 is triggered, the movement of the conveyor loop 1 is stopped or vice versa. In addition to the combustion chamber 25, a heat exchanger 11 is attached, which is heated by the heat of the combustion chamber.

It can clearly be seen that the reservoir 20 is many times larger and has a larger volume than the combustion chambers 25

In the reservoir 29, a three interconnected straight plate-shaped plates existing rectangular support frame 21 is provided. This surrounds the conveyor loop 1 outside and limits laterally and down the maximum sag-der'Förderschlaufe 1 or specifies the maximum size of the conveyor loop 1 before. In the upwardly open issue 40 area 7 no sheet metal of the support frame 21 is provided, i. the support frame 21 is also open to the discharge area 7. The side edges of the support frame 21 are welded to both side walls 22 of the reservoir 20. Thus, it simultaneously determines the depth or width of the reservoir 20. 45 The operation of the furnace 40 with the reservoir 20 is in practice as follows: About the filling door 18, the conveyor loop 1 with fuel, especially logs 17, loaded. The filling door 18 is then closed. Now comes from the furnace control, the signal that heating material is needed, so raises the conveyor loop 1 and their sagging is reduced. This is done by activating the motor-driven deflecting rollers 3 and 4. As a result, the firewood 17 is mitanghoben until it falls over the discharge edge 19 on the upper flap 9. When the fuel 17 reaches the maximum limited height, the height detector 6 is triggered and the movement of the guide rollers 3 and 4 is stopped or even vice versa. 55

Claims (27)

8 AT 502 491 B1 As long as there is no fuel 17 on the upper flap 9 and the detector 8 does not trigger, the conveyor loop 1 is further reduced. As soon as a fuel 17 is detected by the flap detector 8, the movement of the guide rollers 3 and 4 is stopped and the conveyor loop 1 is again lowered slightly to prevent uncontrolled Nachfördern. 5 The upper flap 9 then opens and passes the fuel wood 17 to the lower flap 10 on. Before the lower flap 10 opens, the upper flap 9 is closed again. Only then opens the lower flap 10 and gives the piece of wood 17 in the combustion chamber 25 on. Thereafter, the lower flap 10 closes again and the timber extraction on the upper flap 9 starts again as soon as the control of the furnace 40 requests heating material. The triggering of the control takes place, as described above, via the fill level indicator 13 in the combustion chamber 25. The automatic ignition can also be combined with the control of the furnace 40 and the reservoir 20. With the present device, not only logs with a length of 20 to over 15 100 cm are eligible, but also lumpy fuels, such as coke, coal, pressed sawdust, wood pellets, etc. Only the conveyor loop 1 and the detectors 6, 8 need for the fuel 17 designed to be suitable. The supply of the fuel 17 from the reservoir 20 into the combustion chamber 25 of the furnace 20 40 is carried out automatically depending on the energy requirement. The efficiency of such systems increases as the control of the furnace 40 operates in an optimal combustion process with a defined amount of fuel. Overcrowding is excluded here. An otherwise necessary in such solid fuel stoves &quot; Absticken &quot; Combustion of fuel surplus is eliminated. This has an advantageous effect on the efficiency, the exhaust gas values and on the maintenance intervals 25 of such systems. 1. Storage tank for solid fuel (20), in particular firewood, for connection to a combustion furnace (40), with a feed unit for the fuels (17) to the oven (40), characterized in that the conveyor unit a flexible, flexible conveyor loop (1), to which the fuels (17) can be placed during operation, wherein the conveyor loop (1) when loaded with the fuels (17) forms a downwardly sagging, approximately sack-shaped form in the cross section, and wherein drive or Traction means are seen easily, with which the conveyor loop (1) can be reversibly brought into a tensioned state, in which the length of the conveyor loop (1) shortened and their sagging is reduced, whereby the inserted fuel (17) can be brought upwards. 40 2. Storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor loop (1) is mounted or suspended at its uppermost areas between two deflection axes (3,4), whereby an upwardly open discharge area (7) is formed over which the Fuels (17) from the conveyor loop (1) through a discharge opening (12) to the oven 45 (40) out can be brought out. 3. Reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that the discharge opening (12) near or near the deflection axis (4), through the upper Ausbringkante (19) the fuels (17) are discharged to the oven (40) down, deeper than that the discharge opening so (12) distant or furnace distant deflection axis (3) is arranged. 4. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conveyor loop (1) in the fully tensioned and unloaded state forms an almost flat surface between the deflection axes (3,4). 55 9 AT 502 491 B1 5. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveyor loop (1) is formed as a one-piece mat or wide band or from at least two spaced-apart, mutually parallel individual bands or chains, is composed. 5 6. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conveyor loop (1) is designed as a circulating Endlosbänd, wherein further deflection axes (16) are provided which cause the circumferential guidance of the conveyor loop (1) in the reservoir (20) , 10 7. Storage container according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the deflection axes (3, 4, 16), depending on the width or shape of the conveyor loop (1), in each case as, optionally rotatable about its own axis, optionally with Adhesion improving agents such as teeth od. Like. Equipped, deflection tubes, rods, rollers, 15 rollers or are designed as a gear. 8. Storage container according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that at least one, preferably two deflection axes (3, 4, 16) as for the tension of the conveyor loop (1) suitable drive or traction means are formed. 20 9. Storage container according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the oven-near and the furnace-remote deflection axis (3, 4) as, in particular independently working, drive or traction means are formed. 10. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, optionally designed as a deflection axis, draw weight (2) is provided, which is in operative connection with the conveyor loop (1) and depending on the discharge state given excess length of the conveyor loop (1) keeps tight. 11. Storage tank according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the area above the conveyor loop (1) or in the output area (7) at least one height detector (6) is provided, when triggered, the movement of the conveyor loop (1) and / or the drive or traction means is stopped. 12. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a the output opening (12) occluding upper flap (9) is provided. 13. Reservoir according to claim 12, characterized in that the upper flap (9) on a, in particular on the upper cover of the reservoir <20) fixed, 40 baffle (5) is arranged or hinged thereto swinging up. 14. Reservoir according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the upper flap (9) optionally in combination with the baffle (5) are arranged so that a container-shaped form is formed, whereby the operating fuel 45 (17) the upper flap (9) fall and be taken up by this or remain in this for a certain time. 15. Storage tank according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that in the region of the upper flap (9) a flap detector (8) is provided, which detects whether so fuels (17) are in the region of the upper flap (9) , 16. Reservoir according to claim 15, characterized in that with positive detection of fuels (17), the upper flap (9) open and / or the drive or traction means stopped and / or the conveyor loop (1) is lowered slightly. 55 1 Ο ΑΤ 502 491 Β1 17. Storage tank according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that below the upper flap (9) located directly in front of the oven (40) or its combustion chamber (25), in particular swinging down, lower flap (10) to which fall from the upper flap (9) released fuels (17). 5 18. Reservoir according to claim 17, characterized in that the upper flap (9) and the lower flap (10) are opened or closed opposite each other or are designed as a lock system, wherein in operation always at least one of the flaps (9, 10) closed is. 10 19. Storage container according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the flaps (9,10) are designed smoke-tight or insulating or complete. 20. Storage container according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that one, 15 in particular in a side wall of the reservoir (20) arranged, filling door (18) is provided, via the fuels (17) in the conveyor loop (1) can be inserted , 21. Reservoir according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that in the reservoir (20), in particular of three interconnected straight plate-20-shaped individual elements existing, preferably rectangular support frame (21) is seen in front of the conveyor loop ( 1) on the outside and laterally and downwardly limits the maximum sagging of the conveyor loop (1) or specifies the maximum size of the conveyor loop (1). 22, reservoir according to claim 21, characterized in that the support frame (21) attached to at least one, preferably at both, side walls (22), in particular welded, is. 23. Furnace (40) with a storage container (20) connected thereto according to one of Ansprü- che che 1 to 22nd 24. Oven according to claim 23, characterized in that between the reservoir (20) and the oven (40) a lock module (30) is arranged, in which the upper flap (9), the lower flap (10) and optionally the flap detector (8) are arranged. 35 25. Oven according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the oven <40) has a combustion chamber (25), one, in particular automatic, ignition (15) and / or a grate (14) and optionally to a heat exchanger (11 ) connected. 26. Oven according to claim 25, characterized in that in the combustion chamber (25) a height of the fuels (17) indicating level detector (13) is arranged, which is coupled to the control of the reservoir (20) and is operatively connected. 27. Oven according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the controller 45 of the furnace (40) is coupled to the control of the storage container (20) or is in operative connection. 28. Oven according to one of claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the storage container (20) has a multiple of the volume of the combustion chamber (25). 50 of which 3 sheets of drawings 55