AT4116U1 - MOBILE SYSTEM FOR CRUSHING ROCK - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile plant for crushing rock, comprising a semi-trailer with a base frame (1) on which a wheel set (2) and a device (18) for coupling to a tractor-trailer vehicle are fixed, on the top of which base frame (1) are fixed: a crusher unit (7), a sieve unit (10), a feed unit (3, 4, 6, 14) equipped with a discharge channel (4) for the supply of raw rock, a first conveyor belt (5) for the transport of raw rock from the Sieve unit (10) in the crusher unit (7), a second conveyor belt (8) for transporting crushed rock from the crusher unit (7) into the sieve unit (10) and a third conveyor belt (11) for the removal of fine material, the Crusher unit (7) is arranged in one end section (19) and the sieving unit in the other end section (20) of the semitrailer and the two conveyor belts (5, 8) are arranged crossing one another when the system is viewed in elevation, and the tasks Abeeinheit (3, 4, 6, 14) is arranged in the central section (21) of the semi-trailer between the crusher unit (7) and sieving unit (10) and the discharge channel (4) opens above one of the two conveyor belts (5, 8).

Description

AT 004 116 ul

The invention relates to a mobile system for crushing rock, comprising a semitrailer with a base frame, on which a wheel set and a device for coupling to a tractor unit are fixed, on the top of which base frame are fixed: a crusher unit, a sieving unit, one with a discharge channel equipped feed unit for the supply of raw rock, a first conveyor belt for the transport of raw rock from the sieving unit into the crusher unit, a second conveyor belt for the transport of crushed rock from the crusher unit into the sieving unit and a third conveyor belt for the removal of fine material , the crusher unit being arranged in one end section and the sieving unit being arranged in the other end section of the semitrailer and the two conveyor belts being arranged crossing one another when the system is viewed in elevation.

Such a rock crushing plant was known from US Pat. No. 5,445,330. In this previously known system, the feed unit is arranged directly next to the crusher unit, that is to say in the first end section of the semitrailer. In order to feed the material to be crushed into the hopper of this feed unit to the crusher unit, a further conveyor belt is provided, the first end of which lies below the hopper outlet and the other end of which is above the inlet opening of the crusher unit. The broken material output by the crusher unit is transported to the sieving unit by means of the second conveyor belt. Sufficiently fine material already falls through all the screen decks of this machine, which are arranged one above the other, and is removed from the system by means of the third conveyor belt.

Raw rock that is still too coarse is conveyed back from the first conveyor belt into the crusher unit after it has left the side of the screening machine. In this way, the rock is broken in a constantly repeating cycle until all parts have passed through all screen decks and have become fine goods.

The disadvantage of a system of this type of construction is first of all the division of the system components: since each component is arranged in one of the two end sections, but the wheelset is arranged in the middle section of the base frame, this base frame is always subjected to relatively high bending loads and must therefore be dimensioned to have very high strengths , which makes it relatively bulky and heavy and technically complex to manufacture.

A further disadvantage is the fact that the raw rock newly fed in via the feed hopper is always first brought into the crusher unit by the fourth conveyor belt. Very often, the raw material to be crushed already contains large amounts of fine material, which portions no longer have to pass through the crusher unit. If, as provided in the previously known plant, these are nevertheless introduced into the crusher unit, this causes unnecessary wear on this plant component. In addition, the introduction of fine material into the crusher unit creates an undesirably high level of fine particles (filler), which has considerable disadvantages for the quality of the finished product. 9 AT 004116 Ul

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile rock crushing system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which these disadvantages are avoided, in which the components are evenly distributed on the base frame and in which the newly supplied raw material is also the first Screen unit can be fed.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the feed unit is arranged in the central section of the semitrailer between the crusher unit and the sieving unit and in that the discharge channel opens above one of the two conveyor belts.

The task unit is thus above or only slightly offset to the axles of the wheelset, so that the contact forces exerted on the base frame by them are absorbed by the wheelset directly and without bending the base frame.

Since the discharge channel opens over one of the two conveyor belts that extend between the crusher unit and the sieving unit, an already existing device is used to introduce newly fed raw material into the shredding circuit, and the addition of a fourth one, which represents a further technical outlay and a further possible source of error Conveyor belt avoided.

Since the discharge channel can optionally open over the first or the second conveyor belt, the system can be designed either for relatively high proportions of raw rock containing fine material or for relatively high proportions of raw rock containing coarse material. In each of the two cases, unnecessary system wear and tear, further shredding of finished goods and generation of a high level of fine particles (filler) can be avoided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the feed unit is arranged in the area of the crossing point of the two conveyor belts and the discharge channel runs at the level of this crossing point.

Both conveyor belts are at a relatively short distance from the base frame of the semitrailer, which is why the loading funnel, which must lie above the two belts, also has to be constructed only a little high. This contributes to a low overall height of the system, which means that it can be moved easily on public roads. In addition, a low hopper is easier to fill than a tall one. However, if a larger funnel volume is desired or required, side walls which can be folded up, preferably with a hydraulic cylinder, can be opened at the upper edge of the funnel.

In a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that a rod grate is connected to the mouth of the discharge channel, which extends beyond the conveyor belt located below it.

This means that only pieces of rock with a diameter smaller than the distance between two bars of this bar grate can get onto the conveyor belt. Larger chunks that cannot be processed by the crusher unit and / or the screening unit without being damaged are conveyed by the bar grate beyond the conveyor belts and therefore do not get into the shredding circuit at all. 3 AT 004 116 ul

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the discharge channel is detachably connected to the hopper of the feed unit and can optionally be arranged so as to open out over the first conveyor belt or over the second conveyor belt.

The system can therefore be easily adapted to the consistency of the raw rock to be processed.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the screening unit has a double-sided distributor trough which is arranged above a screening machine and extends over the entire width of this screening machine and via which the second conveyor belt opens.

With this distribution channel, the efficiency of the screening unit and thus the working speed of the entire system can be increased.

It has proven to be advantageous to provide at least one diverter device with which the coarse material ejected by at least one screen deck in the direction of the first conveyor belt, such as e.g. a conveyor belt can be fed.

It is thus possible in a particularly simple manner to produce two or more good fractions with different grain sizes.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the third conveyor belt for removing fine material is designed to be foldable from a transport position into a working position, preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder.

The total length of the system according to the invention can be significantly reduced by folding the conveyor belt into the transport position, which means that the system can be moved easily on public roads.

The invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which particularly preferred exemplary embodiments are shown. It shows:

Fig.l a system according to the invention in elevation;

2 shows the plant of Fig.l in plan;

3a, b and c show a section along the line A-A drawn in FIG. 1 through the plant according to the invention, all the plant components visible here being shown only schematically;

3d shows the area of the system according to the invention shown in FIG

Layout;

4 shows the screening unit 10 in a schematic representation in elevation;

5 shows a double-sided distributor trough 9 arranged in plan above the screening machine 23;

6 that shown in FIG. 4 in a different position of the diversion device 33 and

7 shows the screening machine 23 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 in the same view, a further diverter device 33 'being provided for withdrawing a second coarse material fraction.

In this description and the associated claims, the terms “raw rock” and “coarse material” mean rock whose grains would have to be broken again because they do not yet have the grain size of the fine material. 4 AT 004116 Ul

In this description and the associated claims, the term “fine goods” is understood to mean the end product to be produced with the system, the grain size of which is below a predeterminable maximum value.

A mobile plant according to the invention for crushing rock is initially characterized in that all of its components are built on a semitrailer. As usual, this semitrailer has a base frame 1, on which a, preferably multi-axle, wheel set 2 with pneumatic tires and a device 18 for coupling to a semitrailer vehicle, preferably a kingpin which is customary for this purpose, are fixed.

On the top of this basic frame 1, those components are fixed with which the raw rock supplied to the plant is comminuted. These components are: a crusher unit 7, preferably designed as a vertical crusher, a sieving unit 10 and a feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14 for the feed of raw rock. The crusher unit 7 is arranged in one end section 19 and the screening unit 10 in the other end section 20 of the semitrailer. In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the crusher unit 7 is arranged in the front and the sieving unit 10 in the rear end section of the semitrailer, but this could also be reversed. In addition to the crusher unit 7, a power unit 16 for supplying the system according to the invention with electrical energy and a power distribution cabinet 15 and a motor 13 for driving the crusher unit 7 are also arranged in the first end section 19.

The feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14 is arranged according to the invention in the middle section 21 of the semitrailer lying between the crusher unit 7 and the sieving unit 10. It comprises a funnel 3, the upper walls 14 of which are fixed on the funnel 3 so as to be pivotable about horizontal axes, with which they can be pivoted from the transport position shown in solid lines in FIG. 1 into the division of labor shown in broken lines. At the outlet 22 of the funnel 3 there is a discharge channel 4, which is described in more detail below. 6 denotes an electromagnet with which ferromagnetic components can be separated from the raw rock filled in the funnel 3.

A first conveyor belt 5 is provided for the transport of raw rock from the sieving unit 10 into the crusher unit 7 and a second conveyor belt 8 is provided for the transport of crushed rock from the crusher unit 7 into the sieving unit 10.

The conveyor belts 5, 8 begin below the sieving unit 10 or the crusher unit 7 and end above the crusher unit 7 or the sieving unit 10, so that they - viewed in elevation (see FIG. 1) - each run obliquely with respect to the base frame 1.

Because of the arrangement of the crusher unit 7 in one end section and the sieving unit 10 in the other end section, the result is that the two conveyor belts 5, 8 are arranged so as to cross each other when the system is viewed in elevation. The feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14 is arranged in the region of the intersection of the two conveyor belts 5, 8.

Finally, a third conveyor belt 11 is provided for the removal of fine goods. 5 AT 004 116 ul

The take-off trough 4 of the feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14 runs essentially horizontally or inclined and at the level of the crossing point of the two conveyor belts 5, 8. However, this is not absolutely necessary, the feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14 can also be arranged shifted somewhat to the right or left, with reference to FIG. 1, so that the drainage channel 4 is outside the crossing point, but still above one of the two Conveyor belts 5.8.

The drainage channel 4 has a conveyor floor 40 which is driven by one or two vibration motors (see FIG. 3a). This conveyor floor 40 is so long that it ends above one of the two conveyor belts 5, 8 and the discharge channel 4 thus opens above one of the two conveyor belts 5, 8.

Raw rock emerging from the funnel outlet 22 is conveyed from the discharge channel 4 onto one of the two conveyor belts 5, 8 due to its design and arrangement. For the explanation of the functioning of the system according to the invention, it is first assumed that the discharge channel 4 opens out over the first conveyor belt 5, as is provided in FIG. 3a. The raw rock supplied to the system thus reaches the conveyor belt 5 via the funnel 3 and the discharge channel 4 and is conveyed by the latter into the crusher unit 7. From this it emerges as crushed rock and is introduced from the conveyor belt 8 evenly distributed over the distributor channel 9 into the sieving unit 10, where fine material is sieved from the crushed rock and removed via the third conveyor belt 11.

The mode of operation of the sieving unit 10 is best shown in FIG. 4: the core of the sieving unit 10 is a sieving machine 23 which has a plurality, preferably three, of sieve decks 24, 25, 26 lying one above the other (“triangular sieve machine”). The mesh size of these screen decks decreases from top to bottom, which is indicated in FIG. 4 by the differently spaced hatching of the screen decks 24, 25, 26. The screen decks 24, 25, 26 are driven by vibration motors which generate a linear vibration. A funnel 27 is arranged below the lowermost screen deck 26, the outlet 28 of which ends above the third conveyor belt 11.

Fein-Gut falls through the mesh of all three screen decks 24, 25, 26 and arrives on the conveyor belt 11. Rocks with a larger diameter than the mesh of one of the screen decks 24, 25, 26 are passed through on the screen deck concerned linear vibration each moved up to its throw-off edge 24 ', 25', 26 'or dropped over it.

The first conveyor belt 5 is arranged below the discharge edges 24 ', 25', 26 ', so that thrown-up rock fragments come to rest on it and are conveyed into the crusher unit 7, where they are comminuted again.

Guide plates, funnels 32 or the like can be provided in order to feed the chunks of rock thrown off from the screen decks 24, 25, 26 to the conveyor belt 5. When using which aids it is no longer necessary to remove the discharge edges 24 ', 25', 26 'to be arranged exactly above the conveyor belt 5. 6 AT 004 116 ul

The rock supplied to the plant according to the invention thus runs through a comminution cycle, comprising the actual comminution process carried out by the crusher unit 7 and the sieving process carried out by the sieving unit 10, until all of the supplied blocks of rock have been ground to fine material.

According to the invention, it is provided that newly supplied rock is not always first introduced into the crusher unit 7; rather, newly supplied rock can also first be fed to the sieving unit 10. In order to achieve this, the system structure described so far only has to be modified insofar as the discharge channel 4 is let open over the second conveyor belt 8, as is shown in FIG. 3b.

The rock newly fed to the plant is thus first subjected to screening and only the fractions of the rock that are still too large enter the crusher unit 7. This is particularly advantageous when rocks with high proportions of fine-grained fractions are processed with the plant according to the invention.

The discharge channel 4 is preferably detachably connected, for example by means of screws, to the funnel 3 of the feed unit 3, 4, 6, 14. If it is detached from the funnel, it can - as shown in FIG. 3b - be rotated 180 ° about the vertical axis 31 of the funnel 3 and be connected to the funnel 3 again in this arrangement. The discharge channel 4 now opens over the second conveyor belt 8, with which newly supplied raw rock is initially subjected to screening. The drainage channel 4 can thus be opened either over the first or over the second conveyor belt 5, 8.

The crusher unit 7 cannot process rocks of any size, but only those chunks of rock whose diameter is below a maximum diameter, for example 50 mm, predetermined by the design of the crusher unit 7. In order to prevent pieces of rock exceeding this maximum diameter from reaching the crusher unit 7, pieces of rock that are too large must be removed from the raw rock.

This could take place, for example, in that the raw rock is subjected to a preliminary screening in an external screening plant before it is introduced into the funnel 3. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 3c, d, provision is made for this pre-screening to be carried out by the system itself.

For this purpose, a bar grate 29 is connected to the mouth 41 of the discharge channel 4. As best seen in FIG. 3c, this is formed from a plurality of rods 30, which run parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another, and which are designed so long that they protrude beyond the conveyor belt 5, 8 located under the rod grate 29.

Lumps of stone, the diameter of which is smaller than the distances between the bars 30, fall through this bar grate 29 and thus reach the conveyor belt 5, 8. Larger chunks, on the other hand, remain on the bar grate 29, are conveyed over their entire length and ultimately thrown off by the latter. They fall next to the conveyor belt 5, 8 onto the base frame 1 of the semitrailer or, in the case of 7 AT 004 116 Ul, correspondingly long design of the bars 30 next to this base frame 1, in any case they do not get into the shredding circuit.

The following are to be mentioned in particular details of the sieving unit: A double-sided distributor channel 9 is arranged above the sieving machine 23. The second conveyor belt 8 opens out over the end section of this distributor channel 9 lying on the left in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, so that the goods transported by this conveyor belt 8 are thrown off onto this end section. The task of the distribution channel 9 is to distribute this material over the entire width of the screening machine 23, so that this machine is used efficiently.

The basic constructive structure of the distributor trough 9, which causes such a division, can be seen from FIG. 5: The distributor trough 9, like the discharge trough 4, has a horizontal conveyor base 90 which is set into a constant oscillating movement by means of one or two vibration motors.

Edge-side plates 94 are fixed on this conveyor floor 90. A recess 95 is machined into the conveyor floor 90, which has two oblique edges 92, 93, which are arranged in a wedge shape in plan view, the point of contact 91 of the two edges 92, 93 being in the first end region of the distributor channel 9. The material thrown onto the distributor trough 9 is divided into two batches by means of these wedge-shaped edges 92, 93, one over the first inclined edge 92 and the other over the second inclined edge 93 in the direction of the screening machine 23, which has two feed trays 34 , is dropped.

So far, it has been assumed that the raw rock supplied to the plant is entirely processed into fine material drawn off via the conveyor belt 11, so that only a sand fraction with a single grain size is produced with the plant according to the invention. In most of the applications, the system according to the invention will be constructed in this way.

However, it can be provided that over the discharge edges 24 ', 25', 26 'of the screen decks 24, 25, 26 and thus not yet having the grain size of the fine material, coarse material is not fed again to the crusher device 7 but with the present grain size is withdrawn as coarse material from the shredding circuit.

For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 4, a diverting device 33 is provided, with which the coarse material thrown off the screen decks 25, 26 of a take-off device, which is generally formed by a further conveyor belt 12, but alternatively can also be designed as a collecting vessel, is fed.

This diversion device 33 can be of any design, in the simplest case by means of a flap which can be inclined relative to the horizontal or arranged vertically.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 6, a hopper 32 is provided for the supply of coarse material coming from the two screen decks 25 and 26 to the first conveyor belt 5, in the outlet of which a deflection flap 33 is arranged with which the screen decks 25 and 26 coming coarse material flow can either be directed onto the first conveyor belt 5 or into a trough 17 leading to the discharge conveyor belt 12: 8 AT 004116 ul

If the diversion flap 33 is in the position shown in FIG. 4, coarse material coming from the sieve deck 25 as well as from the sieve deck 26 reaches the first conveyor belt 5. If the diversion flap 33 is adjusted vertically (shown in FIG. 6 with a broken line), then coarse material accumulating over the screen deck 26 is fed via the trough 17 to the discharge device 12, while coarse material accumulating over the screen deck 25 is fed to the conveyor belt 5 and via this to the crusher unit 7.

After the diverter flap 33 has been brought into the position shown with a solid line in FIG. 6, coarse material accumulating both over the sieve deck 25 and over the sieve deck 26 reaches the discharge device 12, the conveyor belt 5 thus becoming only that over the top sieve deck 24 resulting coarse material is fed via a further funnel 32 '.

In deviation from FIGS. 4 and 6, it can be provided that the coarse material is not drawn off in a single fraction, i.e. the entire coarse material is fed to a single extraction device 12, but that the coarse material is drawn off in two or more fractions with different grain sizes.

To draw off two different coarse material fractions, as shown in FIG. 7, a further diverter 33 ′, preferably also a flap, is attached to the discharge edge 25 ′ of the central screen deck 25, which flap is used to remove the coarse material thrown off the central screen deck 25 Extraction device 12 '- for example via a trough 17'.

If this further diverter flap 33 'is in its vertical position drawn in with dashed lines, the situation is the same as in FIG. 4, the coarse material accumulating above the screen deck 25 reaches the first discharge device 12 or the first conveyor belt, depending on the position of the first diverter flap 33 5.

After the further diverter flap 33 'has been brought into the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 7, coarse material accumulating above the screen deck 25 is fed to the further extraction device 12', but coarse material accumulating above the bottom screen deck 26 corresponds to the position of the first diverter flap 33- the first take-off device 12 or the first conveyor belt 5.

If the first diverter flap 33 is in its vertical position, as shown in FIG. 7, two coarse material fractions with different grain sizes and additionally, as always provided, fine material are drawn off via the conveyor belt 11 via the two extraction devices 12, 12 * .

This principle can be continued according to the number of screen decks 24, 25, 26 present in the screening machine 23.

The third conveyor belt 11, which is used to remove the fine goods, is fixedly mounted on the base frame 1 of the semitrailer, and in the working position (cf. the illustration of the conveyor belt 11 shown in solid lines in FIG. 1), it is folded out and in the transport position (dash-dotted lines in FIG .l) folded out. The conveyor belt 11 is preferably folded in or out by means of hydraulic cylinders. 9

Claims (7)

AT 004 116 Ul CLAIMS. '1. Mobile system for crushing rock, comprising a semi-trailer with a base frame fh), on which a wheelset (SQ and a device (F8) for coupling to a tractor unit vehicle are fixed, on the top of which base frame ( \) are defined: a crusher unit, a sieving unit (ft)), a feed unit equipped with a discharge channel (4) for the supply of raw rock, a first conveyor belt jß) for transporting raw rock from the sieving unit (TffT into the crusher unit) (7f, a second conveyor belt (&) for the transport of crushed rock from the crusher unit into the sieving unit (Kf) and a third conveyor belt (H) for the removal of fine material, the crusher unit (7) in one end section (! · #} and the sieve unit (4Θ) is arranged in the other end section (26j of the semitrailer and the two conveyor belts (frTTJ - viewed from above in an elevation view - intersecting each other dnet, characterized in that the feed unit (3, 4, 6, 14) is arranged in the central section (21) of the semitrailer lying between the crusher unit (7) and the sieving unit (10) and in that the discharge channel (4) above one of the two conveyor belts (5,8) opens. 2. Mobile system according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed unit (3, 4, 6, 14) is arranged in the region of the crossing point of the two conveyor belts (5, 8) and the discharge channel (4) runs at the level of this crossing point. 3. Mobile system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a rod grate (29) is connected to the mouth (41) of the discharge channel (4), which projects beyond the conveyor belt (5, 8) below it. 4. Mobile system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discharge channel (4) releasably connected to the funnel (3) of the feed unit (3,4,6,14) and optionally over the first conveyor belt (5) or can be arranged over the second conveyor belt (8). 5. Mobile system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sieving unit (10) is arranged above a sieving machine (23) and extends over the entire width 10 AT 004116 Ul of this sieving machine (23), double-sided distributor channel (9) has, over which the second conveyor belt (8) opens. 6. Mobile system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by at least one diverter (33) with which the coarse material ejected by at least one screen deck (24, 25, 26) in the direction of the first conveyor belt (5) of a take-off device, such as e.g. a conveyor belt (12) can be fed. 7. Mobile system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third conveyor belt (11) for removing fine goods from a transport position into a working position, preferably by means of hydraulic cylinders, is designed to be folded out. 11