AT328151B - BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION - Google Patents

BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

Info

Publication number
AT328151B
AT328151B AT1038173A AT1038173A AT328151B AT 328151 B AT328151 B AT 328151B AT 1038173 A AT1038173 A AT 1038173A AT 1038173 A AT1038173 A AT 1038173A AT 328151 B AT328151 B AT 328151B
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
building material
pressed
resin
combustible
glued
Prior art date
Application number
AT1038173A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
ATA1038173A (en
Inventor
Volker Dr Hilzensauer
Kurt Dr Kirsch
Original Assignee
Isovolta
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isovolta filed Critical Isovolta
Priority to AT1038173A priority Critical patent/AT328151B/en
Priority to DE2410605A priority patent/DE2410605C2/en
Priority to GB1084974A priority patent/GB1463613A/en
Priority to FR7408111A priority patent/FR2221602B1/fr
Priority to CH1304077A priority patent/CH605459A5/xx
Priority to CH346074A priority patent/CH606669A5/xx
Priority to CA195,014A priority patent/CA1038528A/en
Priority to JP49028641A priority patent/JPS6030824B2/en
Priority to NO740900A priority patent/NO146501C/en
Priority to BR2022/74A priority patent/BR7402022D0/en
Priority to SE7403501A priority patent/SE415178B/en
Priority to DK146274A priority patent/DK151954C/en
Priority to IT67841/74A priority patent/IT1020553B/en
Publication of ATA1038173A publication Critical patent/ATA1038173A/en
Priority to US05/657,273 priority patent/US4093488A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT328151B publication Critical patent/AT328151B/en
Priority to US05/888,953 priority patent/US4201833A/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • C04B26/127—Urea formaldehyde condensation polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G14/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00
    • C08G14/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes
    • C08G14/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols
    • C08G14/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols and monomers containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08G14/08—Ureas; Thioureas

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



   Die Erfindung betrifft einen heissgepressten Baustoffkörper, insbesondere eine Baustoffplatte, welcher ein Füllmaterial und ein organisches Bindemittel mit einer brennbaren und einer unbrennbaren Komponente enthält. 



   Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Baustoffkörpers dieser Art ist   z. B.   aus der Schweizer Patentschrift Nr. 460218 bekannt. In dieser Schweizer Patentschrift ist ein organisches Bindemittel. beschrieben, welches ein flüssiges Phenol-Formaldehyd-Vorkondensat und Harnstoff, Thioharnstoff, ein Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Kondensat oder ein Thioharnstoff-Formaldehyd-Kondensat enthält. Dieses Bindemittel, das ein Harzgemisch ist, kann unter anderem zur Herstellung von Holzspanplatten dienen. 



   Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen unbrennbaren Baustoffkörper, insbesondere eine Baustoffplatte sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung anzugeben, der ein anorganisches Füllmaterial enthält. 



   Aus der Schweizer Patentschrift Nr. 519639 ist zwar bekannt, Blähglimmer und ein anorganisches, nicht brennbares Bindemittel in Volumsteilen von   9 : 1   zu mischen und die Mischung zu Baustoffkörpern zu verpressen. Der bei diesem Verfahren erforderliche Bindemitteleinsatz ist dabei also relativ hoch. 



   Bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemässen Baustoffkörpers soll mit einem sehr geringen Einsatz von organischen Bindemitteln das Auslangen gefunden werden, so dass man trotz der Verwendung eines organischen Bindemittels einen unbrennbaren Baustoffkörper mit guten Wärmedämmeigenschaften erhält, der überdies noch gut schallisolierend ist. 



   Diese Aufgabe wird in dem erfindungsgemässen Baustoffkörper gelöst, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Füllmaterial ein anorganisches Blähmaterial und das organische Bindemittel ein Mischharz ist, welches mindestens eine brennbare Harzkomponente, insbesondere auf Basis von Phenol, und eine unbrennbare Harzkomponente, insbesondere auf Basis von Harnstoff enthält. Dabei kann der Gehalt der Harnstoffkomponente im Mischharz vorteilhaft 10   Mol-%   betragen. 



   Die Aufgabe gemäss der Erfindung wird ferner durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ein Blähmaterial enthaltenden Baustoffkörpers gelöst, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Blähmaterial-Granulat unter 
 EMI1.1 
 
Pressen zu Formkörpern geformt bzw. verpresst wird. Dabei wird vorteilhaft der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des beleimten Granulats auf unter 7% reduziert und anschliessend dieses beleimte Granulat in einer mittels
Hochfrequenz beheizten Presse verpresst. 



   Gemäss einer andern vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird das beleimte
Granulat bei Raumtemperatur vorkomprimiert, entformt und anschliessend verpresst und thermisch ausgehärtet. 



  Das entformt Granulat weist dabei infolge der Vorkomprimierung eine derartige Festigkeit auf, dass ein stabiler Presskuchen entsteht, der ohne besondere Transportmittel, wie Bleche oder Bänder, in die Presse eingefahren werden kann. 



   Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des   erfindungsgemässen   Verfahrens werden während des Besprühens des Granulats mit dem Bindemittel   Verstärkungs- bzw.   Armierungselemente eingebracht, wonach das Granulat vorzugsweise vorkomprimiert und dann zu dem endgültigen Baustoffkörper verpresst wird. Als   Verstärkungs- bzw.   Armierungselemente eignen sich besonders Glasfasern, Glasfäden   u. dgl.   



   Der erfindungsgemässe Baustoffkörper kann insbesondere als Baustoffplatte direkt bei seiner Herstellung zu einer Mehrschichtplatte integriert werden. Eine solche Mehrschichtplatte kann gemäss einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens dadurch hergestellt werden, dass das beleimte Granulat bzw. der vorkomprimiert Presskuchen mit vorher beleimten Deckblättern bzw. gemeinsam mit äusseren Deckplatten verpresst wird. Durch einen derartigen Mehrschichtaufbau wird beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Papier, Glasvlies, Aluminiumfolie   u. dgl.   eine Erhöhung der mechanischen Festigkeit der hergestellten Platte erzielt. 



   Das erfinderische Verfahren ist nachstehend an einem bevorzugten Beispiel näher erläutert :
Zur Herstellung einer Mischharzlösung werden 1 kMol Phenol (94kg), 0, 15 kMole Harnstoff (9kg) und   1, 6 kMole Formaldehyd   (120 kg, 40   gew.-% ige   Lösung) mit Natronlauge katalysiert und bei 80 bis 100 C zu einem Mischharz kondensiert. Die Harzlösung wird darauf durch Vakuumdestillation auf 70% Festkörper eingemengt. 600 1 (50 kg) Vermiculit der Körnung 0, 5 bis 3 mm werden mit einem Freifallmischer mit 121 dieser   70% igen Mischharzlösung   durch Aufsprühen vermischt, so dass die Körper des geblähten Glimmers gleichmässig benetzt sind.

   Das so hergestellte beharzte Granulat wird in einer geeigneten unbeheizten Vorpresseinrichtung gleichmässig bei einem Druck von zirka   1, 5 kp/cm2   auf 50% seines ursprünglichen Schüttvolumens komprimiert, wodurch ein transportierbarer Formpressling erhalten wird. Dieser wird anschliessend in einer mittels Hochfrequenz und/oder thermischer Beheizung ausgestatteten Presse unter gleichzeitigem Mitpressen von einseitig beharzten Deckplatten aus Kraftpapier bei einem Druck von 2 bis 3   kp/cm2   und einer Pressentemperatur von 150 bis 1700C ausgehärtet. Der Formpressling wird heiss entformt und auf das gewünschte Format geschnitten. 



   Bei der Prüfung auf Brennbarkeit treten keine erstickenden oder brennbaren Dämpfe oder Gase auf, das Material glüht unter Flammeneinwirkung entsprechend der herrschenden Temperatur auf, nach Entfernen der Flamme ist kein Nachbrennen zu beobachten. 



   Der nach dem Beispiel hergestellte Baustoff weist ein Raumgewicht von 350 bis 400   kg/m3   auf und zeigt eine Biegefestigkeit von 40 bis 50   kg/cm2.  



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



   The invention relates to a hot-pressed building material body, in particular a building material board, which contains a filler material and an organic binder with a combustible and a non-combustible component.



   A method for producing a building material body of this type is, for. B. from Swiss Patent No. 460218 known. In this Swiss patent there is an organic binder. described, which contains a liquid phenol-formaldehyde precondensate and urea, thiourea, a urea-formaldehyde condensate or a thiourea-formaldehyde condensate. This binder, which is a resin mixture, can be used, among other things, for the production of chipboard.



   The invention is now based on the object of specifying an incombustible building material body, in particular a building material board, and a method for its production, which contains an inorganic filler material.



   From the Swiss patent specification No. 519639 it is known to mix expanded mica and an inorganic, non-flammable binder in parts by volume of 9: 1 and to press the mixture into building material bodies. The use of binder required in this process is therefore relatively high.



   In the production of the building material body according to the invention, a very low use of organic binders should suffice, so that despite the use of an organic binder, a non-combustible building material body with good thermal insulation properties is obtained, which is also good soundproofing.



   This object is achieved in the building material body according to the invention, which is characterized in that the filler material is an inorganic expandable material and the organic binder is a mixed resin which has at least one combustible resin component, in particular based on phenol, and one non-combustible resin component, in particular based on urea contains. The content of the urea component in the mixed resin can advantageously be 10 mol%.



   The object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a building material body containing an expandable material, which is characterized in that the expandable material granules under
 EMI1.1
 
Pressing is shaped or pressed into moldings. The moisture content of the glued granulate is advantageously reduced to below 7% and then this glued granulate is reduced in one medium
High-frequency heated press pressed.



   According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the glued
Granules pre-compressed at room temperature, demolded and then pressed and thermally cured.



  As a result of the pre-compression, the demolded granulate has such a strength that a stable press cake is created that can be fed into the press without any special means of transport such as sheets or belts.



   According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, reinforcing or reinforcing elements are introduced during the spraying of the granules with the binding agent, after which the granules are preferably pre-compressed and then pressed to form the final building material body. Glass fibers, glass threads and the like are particularly suitable as reinforcing or reinforcing elements. like



   The building material body according to the invention can in particular be integrated as a building material board directly into a multilayer board during its production. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, such a multilayer board can be produced in that the glued granulate or the pre-compressed press cake is pressed with previously glued cover sheets or together with outer cover sheets. With such a multilayer structure, for example, using paper, glass fleece, aluminum foil and the like. Like. An increase in the mechanical strength of the plate produced achieved.



   The inventive method is explained in more detail below using a preferred example:
To produce a mixed resin solution, 1 kmole phenol (94kg), 0.15 kmole urea (9 kg) and 1.6 kmole formaldehyde (120 kg, 40% by weight solution) are catalyzed with caustic soda and at 80 to 100 ° C to form a mixed resin condensed. The resin solution is then concentrated to 70% solids by vacuum distillation. 600 liters (50 kg) of vermiculite with a grain size of 0.5 to 3 mm are mixed with 121 of this 70% mixed resin solution by spraying on a free-fall mixer, so that the bodies of the expanded mica are evenly wetted.

   The resin-coated granulate produced in this way is uniformly compressed to 50% of its original bulk volume in a suitable, unheated pre-pressing device at a pressure of about 1.5 kgf / cm2, whereby a transportable molded molding is obtained. This is then cured in a press equipped with high frequency and / or thermal heating with simultaneous pressing of cover plates made of Kraft paper with resin on one side at a pressure of 2 to 3 kp / cm2 and a press temperature of 150 to 1700C. The molding is removed from the mold while hot and cut to the desired format.



   When testing for flammability, no asphyxiating or flammable vapors or gases occur, the material glows under the influence of flames according to the prevailing temperature, after removing the flame no afterburning can be observed.



   The building material produced according to the example has a density of 350 to 400 kg / m3 and shows a flexural strength of 40 to 50 kg / cm2.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE : 1. Heissgepresster Baustoffkörper, insbesondere Baustoffplatte, welcher ein Füllmaterial und ein organisches Bindemittel mit einer brennbaren und einer unbrennbaren Komponente enthält, d a d u r c h g e k e n n - zeichnet, dass das Füllmaterial ein anorganisches Blähmaterial und das organische Bindemittel ein Mischharz ist, welches mindestens eine brennbare Harzkomponente, insbesondere auf Basis von Phenol, und eine unbrennbare Harzkomponente, insbesondere auf Basis von Harnstoff enthält. EMI2.1 der Harnstoffharzkomponente im Mischharz 10 bis 25 Mol-% beträgt. PATENT CLAIMS: 1.Hot-pressed building material body, in particular building material board, which contains a filler material and an organic binder with a combustible and a non-combustible component, characterized in that the filler material is an inorganic expandable material and the organic binder is a mixed resin, which contains at least one combustible resin component, in particular Based on phenol, and contains a non-flammable resin component, in particular based on urea. EMI2.1 the urea resin component in the mixed resin is 10 to 25 mol%. 3. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ein anorganisches Blähmaterial enthaltenden heissgepressten EMI2.2 unter Rührung mit dem Bindemittel besprüht wird, wobei, bezogen auf das Blähmaterial und berechnet als Festsubstanz, 2 bis 30 Gew.-% Harz aufgetragen wird und das so beleimte Granulat in hydraulischen, geheizten Pressen zu Formkörpern geformt bzw. verpresst wird. EMI2.3 beleimten Granulats auf unter 7% reduziert wird und anschliessend dieses beleimte Granulat in einer mittels Hochfrequenz beheizten Presse verpresst wird. EMI2.4 3. A method for producing a hot-pressed material containing an inorganic expanding material EMI2.2 is sprayed with the binding agent while stirring, with 2 to 30 wt .-% resin being applied, based on the expansion material and calculated as solid substance, and the granules glued in this way are shaped or pressed into moldings in hydraulic, heated presses. EMI2.3 glued granules is reduced to below 7% and then these glued granules are pressed in a press heated by means of high frequency. EMI2.4
AT1038173A 1973-03-16 1973-12-12 BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AT328151B (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1038173A AT328151B (en) 1973-12-12 1973-12-12 BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
DE2410605A DE2410605C2 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-06 Building material body and process for its manufacture
GB1084974A GB1463613A (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-11 Building material elements and a process for their production
FR7408111A FR2221602B1 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-11
CH346074A CH606669A5 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-12
CH1304077A CH605459A5 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-12
CA195,014A CA1038528A (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-14 Building material element
JP49028641A JPS6030824B2 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-14 Building materials and their manufacturing methods
NO740900A NO146501C (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-14 PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A LIGHT, NON-FLAMMABLE BUILDING MATERIAL.
BR2022/74A BR7402022D0 (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-15 BODIES OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR THEIR OBTAINING
SE7403501A SE415178B (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-15 PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A LIGHT BUILDING MATERIAL
DK146274A DK151954C (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-15 PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF LIGHT BUILDING MATERIAL BY HEATING COMPRESSION OF A MIXTURE CONSISTING OF INORGANIC EXPANDED MATERIALS AND A HARMFUL BINDING AGENT
IT67841/74A IT1020553B (en) 1973-03-16 1974-03-18 ESPECIALLY SHEET BLOCKS IN MATERIAL FOR BUILDING AND PROCE DIMENTO FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MEDE SIMI
US05/657,273 US4093488A (en) 1973-03-16 1976-02-11 Process for the production of building material elements, particularly building boards
US05/888,953 US4201833A (en) 1973-03-16 1978-03-22 Building material elements, particularly building boards, and a process for their production

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1038173A AT328151B (en) 1973-12-12 1973-12-12 BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATA1038173A ATA1038173A (en) 1975-05-15
AT328151B true AT328151B (en) 1976-03-10

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ID=3621960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT1038173A AT328151B (en) 1973-03-16 1973-12-12 BUILDING MATERIAL BODIES, IN PARTICULAR BUILDING MATERIAL PANELS, AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

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Country Link
AT (1) AT328151B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2831851A1 (en) * 1977-09-22 1979-05-10 Isovolta Thermax METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL WITH A DECORATIVE SURFACE
US6395113B2 (en) 1996-02-23 2002-05-28 Thermax Brandschutzbauteile Gmbh Process for producing a non-combustible moulded article, especially a building panel
AT502847B1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2009-03-15 Abet Laminati Spa LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2831851A1 (en) * 1977-09-22 1979-05-10 Isovolta Thermax METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL WITH A DECORATIVE SURFACE
US6395113B2 (en) 1996-02-23 2002-05-28 Thermax Brandschutzbauteile Gmbh Process for producing a non-combustible moulded article, especially a building panel
AT502847B1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2009-03-15 Abet Laminati Spa LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA1038173A (en) 1975-05-15

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