JPWO2014162417A1 - Head-up display - Google Patents

Abstract

The head-up display 2 includes a main body portion 4, a combiner 5, a screen portion 7, and a connection member 8. The screen unit 7 emits display light constituting the intermediate image toward the combiner 5. The combiner 5 causes the observer to visually recognize the enlarged virtual image Iv by reflecting the display light on the concave reflecting surface. The connection member 8 connects the combiner 5 and the main body 4 and includes a first adjustment unit 81 and a second adjustment unit 82. The 1st adjustment part 81 supports the combiner 5 in the 1st end of the connection member 8 so that angle adjustment is possible to an up-down direction. The second adjustment unit 82 can adjust the intermediate image distance Dm.

Description

  The present invention relates to a head-up display technology.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a head-up display technique for visually recognizing an image indicating information related to driving of a vehicle as a virtual image from a driver's eye position (eye point). For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a head-up display capable of adjusting the position of a combiner that allows a virtual image to be visually recognized in the vertical and horizontal directions.

JP 09-66757 A

  According to the head-up display described in Patent Literature 1, the position of the combiner can be adjusted according to the physique of the driver. On the other hand, when the reflecting surface of the combiner is formed in a concave shape in order to enlarge the display image and visually recognize it as a virtual image, the distance between the intermediate image and the combiner is changed by adjusting the position of the combiner, and the driver visually recognizes it. The size of the virtual image changes.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and mainly provides a head-up display that allows a driver to visually recognize a virtual image regardless of the physique of the driver. Objective.

  The invention described in the claims is a head-up display, wherein a main body having an emitting unit that emits light constituting a display image, and light constituting the display image is reflected by a concave reflecting surface. A combiner that allows an observer to visually recognize an enlarged virtual image, and a connecting member that connects the combiner and the main body, and an adjustment unit that can adjust a vertical angle of the combiner and a distance between the combiner and the emission unit. The adjusting portion is adjustable so as to maintain a distance between the combiner and the emitting means when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted.

1 shows a schematic configuration of a display system. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a navigation device. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a head-up display. The schematic structure of a light source unit is shown. The side view of a head up display is shown. The position of the combiner and connection member corresponding to each of the eyepoints having different heights is shown. Sectional drawing of the 2nd adjustment part which concerns on 1st Example is shown. The side view of the head-up display which concerns on 2nd Example is shown. In 2nd Example, the position of the combiner and connection member corresponding to each of the eye point from which height differs is shown. It is sectional drawing of the 2nd adjustment part and slide part which concern on 2nd Example. The side view of the head-up display which concerns on a modification is shown.

  In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head-up display includes a main body having an emitting unit that emits light constituting a display image, and the light constituting the display image is reflected by a concave reflecting surface. A combiner that allows an observer to visually recognize as an enlarged virtual image, and a connecting member that connects the combiner and the main body, and is capable of adjusting the vertical angle of the combiner and the distance between the combiner and the emitting means. A connecting member having an adjusting part is provided, and the adjusting part can be adjusted to maintain the distance between the combiner and the emitting means when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted.

  The head-up display has a main body, a combiner, and a connection member. The main body has emission means for emitting light constituting the display image. A combiner makes an observer visually recognize as a virtual image expanded by reflecting the light which comprises a display image with a substantially concave reflective surface. The connecting member connects the combiner and the main body portion and has an adjusting portion. The adjustment unit adjusts the vertical angle of the combiner and the distance between the combiner and the emission means. And the adjustment part can be adjusted to maintain the distance between the combiner and the emitting means when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted. According to this aspect, the head-up display can suppress a change in the size of the virtual image visually recognized by the observer due to a change in the distance between the emitting unit and the combiner.

  In one aspect of the head-up display, the adjustment unit can be adjusted to maintain the distance between the center point of the reflecting surface of the combiner and the emitting means when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted. According to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably suppress the change in the size of the virtual image visually recognized by the observer due to the change in the distance between the emitting unit and the combiner.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the connecting member is capable of adjusting a distance between the combiner and the emitting unit, a first adjusting unit that supports the combiner so that the angle of the combiner can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The angle adjustment by the first adjustment unit and the adjustment of the distance by the second adjustment unit can be performed independently of each other. In this aspect, the head-up display has a configuration capable of independently executing the angle adjustment of the combiner and the adjustment of the distance between the emitting means and the combiner. Therefore, the observer can adjust the distance between the emitting means and the combiner so as to optimize the size and display position of the virtual image while adjusting the angle of the combiner according to the height of the eyes of the user. Can be suitably viewed.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the connection member has an expansion / contraction mechanism that can expand and contract in the direction from the main body to the first adjustment unit as the second adjustment unit. According to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably change the distance between the combiner and the emission means.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the expansion / contraction mechanism emits a sound each time it is extended by a predetermined distance. Thereby, the head-up display can make the observer easily adjust the distance between the combiner and the emitting means.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the expansion / contraction mechanism is expanded / contracted by a predetermined distance by the second adjustment unit each time a force greater than or equal to a predetermined force that expands / contracts the expansion / contraction mechanism acts. Thus, the head-up display can cause the observer to adjust the distance between the combiner and the emission unit in a stepwise manner.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the connection member has the first adjustment unit at a first end, and the second adjustment unit at a second end different from the first end. The connection member is rotatably supported by the main body by the second adjustment unit. Also according to this aspect, the head-up display can suitably change the distance between the combiner and the emission means.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the second adjustment unit is attached to a position away from the emitting unit in the main body, and when the rotation angle of the connection member with respect to the main body is changed, The distance between the combiner and the emitting means changes.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the second adjustment unit emits a sound each time the connection member is rotated by a predetermined angle. With this aspect, the head-up display can make the observer easily adjust the angle of the combiner.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the connection member is rotated by a predetermined angle by the second adjustment unit every time a force of a predetermined level or more that rotates the connection member by the second adjustment unit is applied. According to this aspect, the head-up display can cause the observer to adjust the angle of the combiner step by step.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the emitting unit is an optical member that generates an intermediate image. In general, the display size of the virtual image and the position of the perspective of the display differ depending on the distance between the intermediate image and the combiner. Therefore, the head-up display can suitably adjust the distance between the intermediate image and the combiner according to this aspect.

  In another aspect of the head-up display, the first adjustment unit supports an upper end or a lower end of the combiner so that the combiner can rotate, and a distance between the combiner and the emission unit is the first adjustment unit. It changes by the said angle adjustment by. In this way, even when the distance between the combiner and the emitting means varies when the tilt of the combiner is adjusted by the first adjustment unit according to the eye height or the like, the head-up display is adjusted with the second adjustment. The distance between the combiner and the emitting means can be adjusted by the unit, and the virtual image can be suitably viewed by the observer.

  Hereinafter, preferred first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, “rotation” includes the case where the transition direction can be both clockwise and counterclockwise, and also includes the case where the movable range (angle) is limited.

<First embodiment>
[System configuration]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a display system 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the display system 100 is mounted on a vehicle Ve, and includes a navigation device 1 and a head-up display 2. Instead of the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the head-up display 2 may incorporate a function corresponding to the navigation device 1.

  The navigation device 1 has a function of performing route guidance from a departure place to a destination. The navigation device 1 can be, for example, a stationary navigation device installed in the vehicle Ve, a mobile navigation device such as a PND (Portable Navigation Device), or a smartphone.

  The head-up display 2 generates an image (also referred to as “guidance image”) that displays map information including the current position, route guidance information, travel speed, and other guidance information for assisting driving, and the guidance image is displayed on the driver. This is a device that allows a user to visually recognize a virtual image from the eye position (eye point). Various information used for navigation processing such as the position of the vehicle Ve, the traveling speed of the vehicle Ve, map information, and facility data is supplied to the head-up display 2 from the navigation device 1.

  When the navigation device 1 is a mobile phone such as a smartphone, the navigation device 1 may be held by a cradle or the like. In this case, the navigation device 1 may exchange information with the head-up display 2 via a cradle or the like.

[Configuration of navigation device]
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the navigation device 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the navigation device 1 includes a self-supporting positioning device 10, a GPS receiver 18, a system controller 20, a disk drive 31, a data storage unit 36, a communication interface 37, a communication device 38, an interface 39, and a display unit 40. A voice output unit 50 and an input device 60.

  The autonomous positioning device 10 includes an acceleration sensor 11, an angular velocity sensor 12, and a distance sensor 13. The acceleration sensor 11 is made of, for example, a piezoelectric element, detects the acceleration of the vehicle Ve, and outputs acceleration data. The angular velocity sensor 12 is composed of, for example, a vibrating gyroscope, detects the angular velocity of the vehicle Ve when the direction of the vehicle Ve is changed, and outputs angular velocity data and relative azimuth data. The distance sensor 13 measures a vehicle speed pulse composed of a pulse signal generated with the rotation of the wheel of the vehicle Ve.

  The GPS receiver 18 receives radio waves 19 carrying downlink data including positioning data from a plurality of GPS satellites. The positioning data is used to detect the absolute position (also referred to as “current position”) of the vehicle Ve from latitude and longitude information.

  The system controller 20 includes an interface 21, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 22, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 23, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 24, and controls the entire navigation apparatus 1.

  The interface 21 performs an interface operation with the acceleration sensor 11, the angular velocity sensor 12, the distance sensor 13, and the GPS receiver 18. From these, vehicle speed pulses, acceleration data, relative azimuth data, angular velocity data, GPS positioning data, absolute azimuth data, and the like are input to the system controller 20. The CPU 22 controls the entire system controller 20. The ROM 23 includes a nonvolatile memory (not shown) in which a control program for controlling the system controller 20 is stored. The RAM 24 stores various data such as route data preset by the user via the input device 60 so as to be readable, and provides a working area to the CPU 22.

  A system controller 20, a disk drive 31 such as a CD-ROM drive or a DVD-ROM drive, a data storage unit 36, a communication interface 37, a display unit 40, an audio output unit 50, and an input device 60 are mutually connected via a bus line 30. It is connected to the.

  The disk drive 31 reads and outputs content data such as music data and video data from a disk 33 such as a CD or DVD under the control of the system controller 20. The disk drive 31 may be either a CD-ROM drive or a DVD-ROM drive, or may be a CD and DVD compatible drive.

  The data storage unit 36 is configured by, for example, an HDD and stores various data used for navigation processing such as map data. The map data includes road data represented by links corresponding to roads and nodes corresponding to road connecting portions (intersections), facility information about each facility, and the like.

  The communication device 38 includes, for example, an FM tuner, a beacon receiver, a mobile phone, a dedicated communication card, and the like, and via a communication interface 37, traffic jams distributed from a VICS (registered trademark, Vehicle Information Communication System) center Receive road traffic information such as traffic information and other information. In addition, the communication device 38 transmits various information used for navigation processing, such as information on a guide route determined by the system controller 20, to the head-up display 2.

  The display unit 40 displays various display data on a display device such as a display under the control of the system controller 20. Specifically, the system controller 20 reads map data from the data storage unit 36. The display unit 40 displays the map data read from the data storage unit 36 by the system controller 20 on the display screen. The display unit 40 includes a graphic controller 41 that controls the entire display unit 40 based on control data sent from the CPU 22 via the bus line 30 and a memory such as a VRAM (Video RAM), and can display image information that can be displayed immediately. A buffer memory 42 that temporarily stores, a display control unit 43 that controls display of a display 44 such as a liquid crystal display or a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) based on image data output from the graphic controller 41, and a display 44 are provided. . The display 44 functions as an image display unit, and includes, for example, a liquid crystal display device having a diagonal size of about 5 to 10 inches and is mounted near the front panel in the vehicle.

  The audio output unit 50 performs D / A (Digital to Analog) conversion of audio digital data sent from the CD-ROM drive 31, DVD-ROM 32, RAM 24, or the like via the bus line 30 under the control of the system controller 20. A D / A converter 51 to perform, an amplifier (AMP) 52 that amplifies the audio analog signal output from the D / A converter 51, and a speaker 53 that converts the amplified audio analog signal into sound and outputs the sound into the vehicle. It is prepared for.

  The input device 60 includes keys, switches, buttons, a remote controller, a voice input device, and the like for inputting various commands and data. The input device 60 is disposed around the front panel and the display 44 of the main body of the in-vehicle electronic system mounted in the vehicle. When the display 44 is a touch panel system, the touch panel provided on the display screen of the display 44 also functions as the input device 60.

[Configuration of head-up display]
FIG. 3 schematically shows a state in which the head-up display 2 is installed in the vehicle interior. FIG. 3 is a side view of the driver's seat of the vehicle, and the driver is sitting on the seat in the passenger compartment. Above the driver's head is a roof (sheet metal) 27 that forms the outer frame of the vehicle, and below that is a ceiling 28 that is the interior of the passenger compartment. In front of the driver, there is a windshield 25 and a sun visor 29 of the vehicle. In FIG. 1, the sun visor 29 is fixed in a state of being opposed to the ceiling 28 (also referred to as “storage state”). Hereinafter, the short side of the surface of the sun visor 29 in the stowed state facing the ceiling 28 is the X axis, the long direction is the Y axis, and the direction perpendicular to the X and Y axes is the Z axis, and the positive direction of each axis is illustrated. Determine the direction.

  The head-up display 2 is installed diagonally upward in front of the driver. The head-up display 2 mainly includes a main body portion 4 in which the light source unit 6 is accommodated, a combiner 5, a screen portion 7, a connection member 8, and a clip portion 9.

  The light source unit 6 accommodated in the main body unit 4 emits light constituting an intermediate image indicating information to be visually recognized by an observer toward the screen unit 7. A specific configuration of the light source unit 6 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The combiner 5 projects the light constituting the intermediate image generated by the screen unit 7 and partially reflects the projected light to the driver's eye point “Pe”, thereby giving the virtual image “Iv” to the observer. An optical member to be visually recognized. Note that the tip of the arrow in the virtual image Iv indicates the upward direction. The display light reflecting surface of the combiner 5 has a substantially concave shape. Thereby, the combiner 5 displays the virtual image Iv in an enlarged manner.

  The connecting member 8 extends from the main body portion 4 in the direction of the windshield 25 and supports the combiner 5. The connection member 8 is, for example, a pair of arms, and one end is attached to each side surface of the main body 4, and the combiner 5 is held between the other ends. The connection member 8 includes a first adjustment unit 81 and a second adjustment unit 82. The first adjusting unit 81 and the second adjusting unit 82 will be described in detail in the section [Combiner position adjustment].

  The screen unit 7 is a reflective optical member that generates an intermediate image, and functions as an exit pupil expander (EPE). In the screen unit 7, for example, a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are arranged is formed on a surface on which light from the light source unit 6 is incident, and a reflection surface is formed on a surface opposite to the microlens array. Is done. The screen unit 7 is an example of the “emission unit” in the present invention. In this embodiment, the screen portion 7 is a reflective optical member, but may be a transmissive optical member as another example. Also in this case, by forming a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are arranged, it functions as an exit pupil expander for the light incident from the light source unit 6 and forms a display image toward the combiner 5. To emit light.

  The clip part 9 is attached to the upper surface of the main body part 4 facing the ceiling 28 and attaches the main body part 4 to the sun visor 29 with the sun visor 29 sandwiched therebetween. The clip portion 9 is a plate-like elastic body that is curved in a substantially J shape, and has an elastic force that biases the sun visor 29 in the direction of nipping.

[Configuration of light source unit]
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the light source unit 6. As shown in FIG. 4, the light source unit 6 includes a light source 54, a control unit 55, and a communication unit 56.

  The light source 54 includes, for example, red, blue, and green laser light sources, and emits light (also referred to as “display light”) that constitutes a display image to be irradiated to the combiner 5 based on the control of the control unit 55. . The communication unit 56 receives various types of information used for navigation processing from the navigation device 1 based on the control of the control unit 55. For example, the communication unit 56 receives guide route information from the navigation device 1 when a destination is set.

  The control unit 55 includes a CPU, a ROM that stores a control program executed by the CPU, data, and the like, and a RAM that sequentially reads and writes various data as a work memory when the CPU operates. Control. For example, the control unit 55 causes the light source 54 to emit light constituting the guide image based on the information on the guide route received from the navigation device 1, so that the guide image is superimposed on the driver's forward scenery. To display.

[Combiner position adjustment]
Next, the position adjustment function of the combiner 5 of the head-up display 2 will be described. Schematically, the head-up display 2 includes a first adjustment unit 81 that can adjust the tilt angle of the combiner 5 and a second adjustment unit 82 that can adjust the distance between the screen unit 7 and the combiner 5. Thereby, the head-up display 2 maintains the distance between the center point of the reflection surface of the combiner 5 and the screen unit 7 for displaying the intermediate image regardless of the position of the eye point Pe, and the virtual image Iv is appropriately sized. Make it visible to the driver.

  First, the first adjustment unit 81 and the second adjustment unit 82 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a side view of the head-up display 2. In FIG. 5, the clip portion 9 is not shown for convenience of explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first adjustment unit 81 supports the upper end of the combiner 5. And the 1st adjustment part 81 functions as a rotating shaft which rotates the combiner 5 in the direction which the arrow 71 and the arrow 72 show in XZ plane, and changes the inclination angle of the combiner 5. FIG. The first adjustment portion 81 is provided at one end (also referred to as “first end portion”) of the connection member 8 that is separated from the main body portion 4.

  The second adjustment portion 82 is rotatably held by the main body portion 4 and supports an end portion (also referred to as a “second end portion”) opposite to the first end portion of the connection member 8. And the 2nd adjustment part 82 functions as a rotating shaft which rotates the connection member 8 in the direction which the arrow 73 and the arrow 74 show in XZ plane.

  When the combiner 5 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 71 by the first adjustment unit 81, or when the connection member 8 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 73 by the second adjustment unit 82, a screen that displays an intermediate image. The distance (also referred to as “intermediate image distance Dm”) between the portion 7 and the center point of the reflecting surface of the combiner 5 (see the broken line frame 70) becomes longer. On the other hand, when the combiner 5 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 72 by the first adjustment unit 81 or when the connection member 8 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 74 by the second adjustment unit 82, the intermediate image distance Dm is short. Become.

  Since the combiner 5 has a concave reflecting surface, the display size of the virtual image Iv and the perspective position of the display differ depending on the intermediate image distance Dm. Specifically, in the range where the intermediate image distance Dm is shorter than the focal length of the combiner 5, the longer the intermediate image distance Dm, the larger the virtual image Iv is displayed farther than the combiner 5, and the shorter the intermediate image distance Dm, the more the virtual image Iv becomes the combiner. A small size is displayed near 5.

  Therefore, when the tilt angle of the combiner 5 is adjusted by the first adjustment unit 81 according to the height of the eye point Pe, the intermediate image distance Dm changes, and as a result, the display size and display perspective of the virtual image Iv change. Will change. Even in this case, the driver can visually recognize the virtual image Iv appropriately by adjusting the intermediate image distance Dm to an appropriate length by the second adjustment unit 82. This will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the positions of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 corresponding to the eye points Pe1 and Pe2 having different heights. FIG. 6 shows a suitable position of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 corresponding to the eye point Pe1 in the high position by a solid line, and shows a preferable position of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 corresponding to the eye point Pe2 in the low position. Shown by broken lines. In FIG. 6, lines L1 and L2 are boundary lines indicating the range of spread of the display light. A line La indicates a principal ray of display light from the light source 6 to the combiner 5. Further, the line Lb indicates the chief ray of the display light reaching the eye point Pe1 from the combiner 5 when the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 are at the solid line position, and the line Lc is the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 at the broken line position. In this case, the principal ray of the display light reaching the eye point Pe2 from the combiner 5 is shown.

  When the eye point Pe2 is the target, the combiner 5 is in the clockwise direction and the intermediate image distance Dm is longer so as to increase the reflection angle of the display light, compared to the case where the eye point Pe1 is the target. It is inclined by a predetermined angle in the direction (that is, the direction of the arrow 71 in FIG. 5). Thereby, the angle “θ2” formed by the line La indicating the principal ray of the display light incident on the combiner 5 and the line Lc indicating the principal ray of the display light reflected from the combiner 5 to the eye point P2 is the line La, It becomes larger than the angle “θ1” formed by the line Lb indicating the principal ray of the display light reflected from the combiner 5 to the eye point P1.

  In order to set the intermediate image distance Dm to the same distance suitable for visual recognition of the virtual image Iv when the eye point Pe2 is targeted and when the eye point Pe1 is targeted, in FIG. Thus, the position of the connecting member 8 is adjusted. Specifically, when the eye point Pe2 is targeted, the connecting member 8 is in the counterclockwise direction and the intermediate image distance Dm is shorter than when the eye point Pe1 is targeted ( That is, it is rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow 74 in FIG. That is, when the eye point Pe2 is targeted, the connecting member 8 is moved by the amount that the intermediate image distance Dm is increased by tilting the combiner 5 in the clockwise direction as compared with the case where the eye point Pe1 is targeted. The image is rotated in the direction in which the intermediate image distance Dm is shortened. As a result, the intermediate image distance Dm can be set to the same distance in both cases where the eye point Pe2 is the target and the eye point Pe1 is the target. In other words, in the head-up display 2, even when the tilt angle of the combiner 5 is adjusted according to the height of the eye point Pe by the first adjustment unit 81, the position adjustment of the connection member 8 by the second adjustment unit 82. Thus, the intermediate image distance Dm can be suitably maintained. As described above, the head-up display 2 can suitably make the virtual image Iv visible to the driver having the eye points Pe having various heights.

  Preferably, the second adjustment unit 82 can adjust the installation angle of the connection member 8 step by step by a predetermined angle, and emits a sound each time the connection member 8 is rotated by the predetermined angle. Good. This will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the second adjustment unit 82. As shown in FIG. 7, the second adjustment unit 82 includes a rotation shaft 91 of the connection member 8 and a cylindrical storage portion 92 that stores the rotation shaft 91 and rotates together with the rotation shaft 91. In addition, on the surface of the accommodating portion 92, a groove portion 92u in which grooves are formed at equal intervals is formed. The spring 90 is in contact with the groove 92u. The spring 90 is bent at an acute angle and comes into contact with a predetermined groove of the groove portion 92u so as to lock the second adjustment portion 82, and a coil portion 90b fixed to the housing of the main body portion 4. Have.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the position of the groove with which the locking portion 90 a abuts is shifted each time a predetermined force or more that rotates the connection member 8 by the second adjustment portion 82 is applied. At this time, since the locking portion 90a is urged by the elastic force of the spring 90, it comes into contact with the next groove, so that a collision sound between the locking portion 90a and the groove is generated.

  As described above, in FIG. 7, the connection member 8 rotates by a predetermined angle corresponding to the interval of the grooves in the groove portion 92 u every time a force exceeding a predetermined value that rotates the connection member 8 is applied by the second adjustment portion 82. And sound is generated. Thereby, the user can perform suitably the position adjustment of the combiner 5 for visually recognizing the virtual image Iv appropriately. The form of the spring 90 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 7 and may be a form such as a leaf spring.

  Supplementary explanation will be given on the effect of the configuration shown in FIG. When using the head-up display 2, the observer adjusts the angle of the combiner 5 by the first adjusting unit 81 and adjusts the angle of the connecting member 8 by the second adjusting unit 82 in order to appropriately observe the virtual image Iv. I need both. On the other hand, when the observer once adjusts the angle in the first adjustment unit 81 and the second adjustment unit 82, the angle of the connecting member 8 at that time corresponds to the position of the groove that is the predetermined number from the end of the groove 92u. By memorizing that the angle is the angle to be used, the angle adjustment of the connecting member 8 by the second adjustment unit 82 can be quickly completed from the next time onward. Therefore, in this case, the observer first adjusts the angle of the connection member 8 by the second adjustment unit 82, and then adjusts the angle of the combiner 5 by the first adjustment unit 81 so that the virtual image Iv is easily visible. Can be done.

  As described above, the head-up display 2 according to the first embodiment includes the main body portion 4, the combiner 5, the screen portion 7, and the connection member 8. The screen unit 7 emits display light constituting the intermediate image toward the combiner 5. The combiner 5 causes the observer to visually recognize the enlarged virtual image Iv by reflecting the display light on the substantially concave reflecting surface. The connection member 8 connects the combiner 5 and the main body 4 and includes a first adjustment unit 81 and a second adjustment unit 82. The 1st adjustment part 81 supports the combiner 5 in the 1st end of the connection member 8 so that angle adjustment is possible to an up-down direction. The second adjustment unit 82 can adjust an intermediate image distance Dm that is a distance between the center point of the reflection surface of the combiner 5 and the screen unit 7. The angle adjustment of the combiner 5 by the first adjustment unit 81 and the adjustment of the intermediate image distance Dm by the second adjustment unit 82 can be performed independently of each other. Thereby, the observer can maintain the intermediate image distance Dm so that the size and the display position of the virtual image are optimized while adjusting the angle of the combiner 5 according to the height of his / her eyes, and the virtual image Iv. Can be suitably viewed.

<Second embodiment>
Next, the head-up display 2 according to the second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the head-up display 2 has a connecting member 8A that can be expanded and contracted, and the intermediate image distance Dm can be adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the connecting member 8A. Henceforth, about the part similar to 1st Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected suitably and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 8 shows a side view of the head-up display 2. In FIG. 8, the clip portion 9 is not shown for convenience of explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the connection member 8A includes a first adjustment portion 81, a second adjustment portion 82A, and a slide portion 83A. One end of the second adjustment portion 82A is attached to both side surfaces of the main body portion 4, and the other end extends in the direction of the windshield 25. In addition, a slide portion 83A is fitted into the second adjustment portion 82A. The second adjustment unit 82A regulates the moving direction of the slide unit 83A in the direction in which the second adjustment unit 82A extends (that is, the directions of arrows 75 and 76). Thus, the second adjustment unit 82A functions as the “extension mechanism” in the present invention.

  A part of the slide part 83A is fitted in the second adjustment part 82A, and is slidable along the second adjustment part 82A. In addition, a first adjustment portion 81 that functions as a rotating shaft of the combiner 5 is provided at an end portion that extends from the second adjustment portion 82A of the slide portion 83A. When the slide portion 83A slides in the direction of the arrow 75, that is, the direction in which the connecting member 8A is shortened, the intermediate image distance Dm is shortened. On the other hand, when the slide portion 83A slides in the direction of the arrow 76, that is, in the direction in which the connecting member 8A becomes longer, the intermediate image distance Dm becomes longer.

  With such a configuration, the head-up display 2 according to the second embodiment has the connecting member 8A even when the tilt angle of the combiner 5 is adjusted by the first adjusting unit 81 according to the height of the eye point Pe. The intermediate image distance Dm can be set to a length suitable for visually recognizing the virtual image Iv. This will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the positions of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8A corresponding to the eye points Pe1 and Pe2 having different heights. FIG. 9 shows a suitable position of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 corresponding to the eye point Pe1 in the high position by a solid line, and shows a suitable position of the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8 corresponding to the eye point Pe2 in the low position. Shown by broken lines. In FIG. 9, lines L1 and L2 are boundary lines indicating the range of spread of the display light. A line La indicates a principal ray of display light from the light source 6 to the combiner 5. Further, the line Lb indicates the chief ray of the display light reaching the eye point Pe1 from the combiner 5 when the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8A are at the solid line position, and the line Lc is the combiner 5 and the connecting member 8A at the broken line position. In this case, the principal ray of the display light reaching the eye point Pe2 from the combiner 5 is shown.

  When the eye point Pe2 is the target, the combiner 5 is in the clockwise direction and the intermediate image distance Dm is longer so as to increase the reflection angle of the display light, compared to the case where the eye point Pe1 is the target. It is inclined by a predetermined angle in the direction (that is, the direction of the arrow 71 in FIG. 8). As a result, the angle θ2 formed by the line La indicating the principal ray of the display light incident on the combiner 5 and the line Lc indicating the principal ray of the display light reflected from the combiner 5 to the eye point P2 is the line La and the combiner 5. Is larger than the angle θ1 formed by the line Lb indicating the principal ray of the display light reflected from the eye point P1.

  Then, in order to make the intermediate image distance Dm the same distance suitable for visual recognition of the virtual image Iv in the case where the eye point Pe2 is the target and the case where the eye point Pe1 is the target, in FIG. 9, the eye point Pe2 is the target. In this case, the connecting member 8A is set shorter than in the case where the eye point Pe1 is targeted. That is, when the eye point Pe2 is targeted, the connecting member 8A is shortened by an amount corresponding to the increase in the intermediate image distance Dm by tilting the combiner 5, as compared with the case where the eye point Pe1 is targeted. As a result, the intermediate image distance Dm can be set to the same distance in both cases where the eye point Pe2 is the target and the eye point Pe1 is the target. In other words, even if the head-up display 2 adjusts the inclination angle of the combiner 5 according to the height of the eye point Pe by the first adjustment unit 81, the intermediate image distance Dm is reduced by the expansion and contraction of the connecting member 8A. It can maintain suitably.

  As described above, the head-up display 2 according to the second embodiment can make the virtual image Iv suitably visible to the driver having the eye points Pe having various heights.

  Preferably, the connecting member 8A has a configuration in which the length of the connecting member 8 can be adjusted step by step by a predetermined distance and a sound is generated each time the connecting member 8A is expanded or contracted by a predetermined distance. . This will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the second adjustment portion 82A and the slide portion 83A on the XZ plane. As shown in FIG. 10, the second adjustment portion 82A is formed in a cylindrical shape so that a substantially quadrangular prism slide portion 83A is slidable therein, and the first facing surface 82Aa and the second facing surface 82Ab facing the slide portion 83A, respectively. Have Grooves are formed at predetermined intervals on the first facing surface 82Aa. A spring 84 is formed on the slide portion 83A. The spring 84 has a locking portion 84a bent so as to protrude toward the first facing surface 82Aa. The slide portion 8A is locked by the locking portion 84a engaging with the groove of the first facing surface 82Aa.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 10, the position of the groove of the first facing surface 82Aa with which the locking portion 84a abuts is shifted each time a predetermined force or more that slides the slide portion 83A with respect to the second adjustment portion 82A is applied. At this time, since the locking portion 84a is urged by the elastic force of the spring 84, it comes into contact with the next groove, so that a collision sound between the locking portion 84a and the groove is generated.

  As described above, in FIG. 10, the connecting member 8 is a distance corresponding to the interval between the grooves of the first facing surface 82Aa every time a predetermined force or more that slides the sliding portion 83A against the second adjusting portion 82A is applied. Only expands and contracts and generates sound. Thereby, the user can perform suitably the position adjustment of the combiner 5 for visually recognizing the virtual image Iv appropriately.

  As described above, the head-up display 2 according to the second embodiment includes the main body portion 4, the combiner 5, the screen portion 7, and the connecting member 8A. The screen unit 7 emits display light constituting the intermediate image toward the combiner 5. The combiner 5 causes the observer to visually recognize the enlarged virtual image Iv by reflecting the display light on the substantially concave reflecting surface. 8 A of connection members connect the combiner 5 and the main-body part 4, and have the 1st adjustment part 81 and the 2nd adjustment part 82A. The 1st adjustment part 81 supports the combiner 5 in the 1st end of the connection member 8 so that angle adjustment is possible to an up-down direction. The second adjustment unit 82A can adjust the intermediate image distance Dm, which is the distance between the center point of the reflection surface of the combiner 5 and the screen unit 7. The angle adjustment of the combiner 5 by the first adjustment unit 81 and the adjustment of the intermediate image distance Dm by the second adjustment unit 82A can be performed independently of each other. Thereby, the observer can maintain the intermediate image distance Dm so that the size and the display position of the virtual image are optimized while adjusting the angle of the combiner 5 according to the height of his / her eyes, and the virtual image Iv. Can be suitably viewed.

<Modification>
Hereinafter, modified examples suitable for the first and second embodiments will be described.

  The head-up display 2 shown in FIG. 3 was attached to the sun visor 29 by the clip portion 9. However, the installation position of the head-up display 2 to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this.

  For example, the head-up display 2 may be attached to the ceiling 28 instead of the sun visor 29. In this case, for example, the head-up display 2 is attached through an attachment hole (not shown) of the ceiling 28 provided for attaching the sun visor 29. Even in this case, the first adjustment unit 81 is provided at the upper end of the combiner 5 as in the configuration shown in FIG. 5 of the first embodiment and the configuration shown in FIG. 8 of the second embodiment. Functions as an axis. And the 2nd adjustment parts 82 and 82A set the length of the intermediate image distance Dm which changes according to adjustment of the inclination angle of the combiner 5 by the 1st adjustment part 81 similarly to the 1st and 2nd Example mentioned above. Configured to be adjustable.

  In another example, the head-up display 2 may be installed on a dashboard. FIG. 11 shows the head-up display 2A when installed on the dashboard. In FIG. 11, the head-up display 2A has a configuration obtained by vertically inverting the configuration shown in FIG. 5 of the first embodiment. In this case, the first adjustment unit 81 is provided at the lower end of the combiner 5 and functions as a rotating shaft of the combiner 5. Therefore, the observer can adjust the reflection angle of the display light from the combiner 5 according to the height of the eye point Pe by adjusting the inclination of the combiner 5 as in the first embodiment. . And the 2nd adjustment part 82 is comprised so that adjustment of the length of the intermediate image distance Dm is possible similarly to the 1st Example mentioned above. Thereby, the observer can suitably adjust the length of the intermediate image distance Dm changed according to the adjustment of the inclination angle of the combiner 5 by the first adjustment unit 81 by the second adjustment unit 82. Similarly, the head-up display 2 may have a configuration obtained by vertically inverting the configuration shown in FIG. 8 of the second embodiment.

  As described above, according to this modification as well, the head-up display 2 allows the observer 5 having various eyepoint Pe heights to appropriately view the virtual image Iv so that the tilt angle and the intermediate image distance Dm of the combiner 5 can be viewed. Can be adjusted.

  In the present embodiment, the head-up display is described as being mounted on a vehicle, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be mounted on an aircraft, or may be mounted on an aircraft operation simulator or a game machine. In any case, it is possible to adjust the tilt angle and the intermediate image distance of the combiner so that observers having various eye point heights can appropriately visually recognize the virtual image.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Navigation apparatus 2 Head-up display 4 Main-body part 5 Combiner 6 Light source unit 8 Connection member 25 Windshield 100 Display system

The invention described in claim is a head-up display, which reflects light constituting a display image and causes an observer to visually recognize the enlarged virtual image, and directs light constituting the display image to the combiner. And a connecting member that connects the combiner and the main body, the connecting member being capable of adjusting the angle of the combiner in the vertical direction at a first end of the connecting member. It has a 1st adjustment part to support, and a 2nd adjustment part which makes it possible to adjust the distance of the combiner and the said output means in the 2nd end different from the 1st end .

Claims (12)

A main body having emission means for emitting light constituting the display image;
A combiner that allows an observer to visually recognize a virtual image enlarged by reflecting light constituting the display image on a concave reflecting surface;
A connecting member for connecting the combiner and the main body, comprising a connecting member having an adjustment portion capable of adjusting a vertical angle of the combiner and a distance between the combiner and the emitting means,
The head-up display, wherein the adjustment unit is adjustable so as to maintain a distance between the combiner and the emitting unit when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted.   2. The adjustment unit according to claim 1, wherein when the vertical angle of the combiner is adjusted, the adjustment unit is adjustable so as to maintain a distance between a center point of a reflection surface of the combiner and the emitting unit. Head-up display. The connection member includes a first adjustment unit that supports the combiner on the connection member so that the angle of the combiner can be adjusted in the vertical direction, and a second adjustment unit that can adjust a distance between the combiner and the emission unit.
3. The head-up according to claim 1, wherein the angle adjustment by the first adjustment unit and the adjustment of the distance by the second adjustment unit can be performed independently of each other. display.   4. The head-up display according to claim 3, wherein the connection member includes an expansion / contraction mechanism that can expand and contract in the direction from the main body to the first adjustment unit as the second adjustment unit.   The head-up display according to claim 4, wherein the expansion / contraction mechanism emits a sound each time it is extended by a predetermined distance.   6. The head-up according to claim 4, wherein the expansion / contraction mechanism is expanded / contracted by a predetermined distance by the second adjustment unit every time a force greater than a predetermined force for expanding / contracting the expansion / contraction mechanism is applied. display. The connection member has the first adjustment portion at a first end of the connection member, and has the second adjustment portion at a second end different from the first end,
The head-up display according to claim 3, wherein the connection member is rotatably supported by the main body by the second adjustment unit.   The second adjusting unit is attached to the main body at a location away from the emitting unit, and the distance between the combiner and the emitting unit changes when the rotation angle of the connecting member with respect to the main unit is changed. The head-up display according to claim 7.   9. The head-up display according to claim 7, wherein the second adjustment unit emits a sound each time the connection member is rotated by a predetermined angle.   10. The connection member according to claim 7, wherein the connection member is rotated by a predetermined angle by the second adjustment unit every time a force greater than a predetermined value that rotates the connection member by the second adjustment unit is applied. A head-up display according to claim 1.   The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein the emitting unit is an optical member that generates an intermediate image.   The first adjusting unit supports an upper end or a lower end of the combiner so that the combiner can rotate, and a distance between the combiner and the emitting unit is changed by the angle adjustment by the first adjusting unit. The head-up display according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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