CN1643371B - Computer X-ray tomography device equipped with detector moving with number axis X-ray source - Google Patents

Computer X-ray tomography device equipped with detector moving with number axis X-ray source Download PDF

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CN1643371B
CN1643371B CN038063611A CN03806361A CN1643371B CN 1643371 B CN1643371 B CN 1643371B CN 038063611 A CN038063611 A CN 038063611A CN 03806361 A CN03806361 A CN 03806361A CN 1643371 B CN1643371 B CN 1643371B
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detector
source
positioner
track
imaging
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CN1643371A (en
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尤金·A·格雷厄桑
理查德·K·格兰特
诺伯特·约翰逊
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Medtronic Inc
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Breakaway Imaging LLC
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Abstract

An imaging apparatus and related method comprising a source that projects a beam of radiation in a first trajectory; a detector located a distance from the source and positioned to receive the beam of radiation in the first trajectory; an imaging area between the source and the detector, the radiation beam from the source passing through a portion of the imaging area before it is received at the detector; a detector positioner that translates the detector to a second position in a first direction that is substantially normal to the first trajectory; and a beam positioner that alters the trajectory of the radiation beam to direct the beam onto the detector located at the second position. The radiation source can be an x-ray cone-beam source, and the detector can be a two-dimensional flat-panel detector array. The invention can be used to image objects larger than the field-of-view of the detector by translating the detector array to multiple positions, and obtaining images at each position, resulting in an effectively large field-of-view using only a single detector array having a relatively small size. A beam positioner permits the trajectory of the beam to follow the path of the translating detector, which permits safer and more efficient dose utilization, as generally only the region of the target object that is within the field-of-view of the detector at any given time will be exposed to potentially harmful radiation.

Description

Have the computerized tomography device of following the detector that the number axis x-ray source moves
Technical field
Related application of the present invention
The present invention requires U. S. application 60/366,062, is filed in the rights and interests of the provisional application on March 19th, 2002, and this paper is integrated with in its all theoretical citation.
Background of the present invention
In the x-ray tomography art of traditional Computer Processing that is applied to medical treatment and commercial Application, X ray fan-ray beam and linearly aligned detector are used, to obtain the two-dimensional axial imaging.Although have only when next section is photographed the quality height of these two dimensions (2D) image.For obtaining three-dimensional (3D) data, need a series of 2D image of sequenced acquisition, be called as " stack of slices " technology here.A shortcoming of this method is that the 3D data that obtain of next section are processes too slowly.This traditional X-ray line tomography has some problems, for example because the motion virtual image that section can not be brought by the fact of while imaging increases, and since the over-exposure that some regional X-light projections are brought of crossover in the problem of X-optical radiation.
The x-ray tomography art of another kind of 3D Computer Processing is taper-beam X-photoimaging.In the system that adopts taper-beam geometry, the X-pencil of light rays of X-light source projects taper passes target object and is incident upon on the 2D zone of detector.Target object preferably is scanned in 360 degree scopes, perhaps by mobile X-light source and detector in centering on the scanning circumference of fixed object; Perhaps source and detector are maintained fixed by article for rotation.In two kinds of situations, all be that scanning is finished in relative motion between source and object.Come the 3D imaging with respect to the approach with 2D " stack of slices ", the geometric configuration of taper-beam can make 3D rendering obtain within a short period of time, minimize simultaneously and be exposed to radiation.One is used the flat panel picture receiver, and the example of obtaining the image of 3D body by cone beam X-photosystem is a United States Patent (USP) 6,041,097 of authorizing Roos etc.
An important restriction of existing taper-beam reconstruction technique comes across when by the object of imaging greater than the visual field of detector the time, and this is more general situation in the imaging applications of industry and medical treatment.In this case, some measured objects comprise the information in the zone of information in the visual field that can see and the object outside the visual field.The data corruption that material outside image that obtains in the visual field that can see so the quilt obtains.
Several ways is used the object that surpasses the imaging system visual field with imaging.The United States Patent (USP) 5,032,990 of authorizing Eberhard etc. is an example, has described the technology of 2D imaging object, and wherein object is much wideer than linearly aligned detector, and detector can not the sufficient part of crossing testee or testee.This method relates to the scanning object of success and divides bulk data in the diverse location obtaining section of a plurality of relative objects, X-light source and detector array.The United States Patent (USP) 5,187,659 of authorizing Eberhard etc. has been described when the technology of avoiding destroying data when implementing the 3D CT scan greater than the object in the visual field.This technology relates to many scan tracks scanning object, uses an above X-light source and the different tracks rotations of detector at relative target object.Also having a technology is to authorize the United States Patent (USP) 5,319,693 of Eberhard etc.This patent has been described the large-scale relatively detector of detector simulation that uses relatively among a small circle, or the scope mobile object of relative detector.All these technology all are to be feature by relatively moving of comprehensive more than one X-light source, detector and the object to be imaged.And in each in these technology, some zones are exposed to the x-ray radiation of excess by crossover projection so that target object.
So far, these technology are not to adopt simple directly mode, target object is exposed to radiation reduces to minimum, be used for the ray system of imaging greater than the object in the visual field.
General introduction of the present invention
The present invention relates to radioactive ray-Ji imaging, comprise the x-ray tomography art and the 2D plane X-photoimaging of 3D Computer Processing.Especially the present invention relates to make losing of data to reduce to minimum and be applied to avoiding destroyed when imaging surpasses a part of object in the visual field and generation virtual image during image reconstruction when cone beam simultaneously.
On the one hand, imaging device comprises the source, at the first track projection radiation bundle; Detector with source arrangement separated by a distance, receives beam in first track; Imaging region between source and detector, from the beam in source before being detected device and receiving, by the imaging region of a part; Detector positioner is transferred to substantially to the second place in the vertical first direction of first track detector; And, the track of beam positioner conversion beam so that beam be oriented on the detector that is positioned at the second place.Radiographic source can be an X-ray taper radiographic source, and detector can be a two-dimensional flat-panel detector array.
By moving the detector that limits size along straight line or the circular arc relative, and on a plurality of positions of mobile route, obtaining subject image, obtaining the effectively big visual field with radiographic source.In one embodiment, the detector positioner that is used for mobile detector comprises positioner frame, supports detector and limits mobile route and the motor of driving detector when detector is mobile in positioner frame.The position feedback system comprises linear encoder band and read head, can be used to accurate position locator in positioner frame.Other encoder system also can be applied to the position feedback system, for example rotational positioner and friction pulley.
Radiographic source, for example X-light ray source comprises the beam detent mechanism, with the track of transformation from the beam of the emission of fixing focus.This makes that beam can a scanned imaging region, and follows the path of moving target, for example detector array of Yi Donging.On the one hand, because beam positioner allows the zone of the qualification of beam scanned target object in proper order, beam detent mechanism of the present invention can use by safer and more effective consumption.
In one embodiment, the mechanism of inclined ray Shu Dingwei comprises framework, and framework provides radiogenic shell, and mechanization system connecting frame and source, there, mechanization system rotates on its pivot with respect to framework or angled source changes from the track of the beam of source projection.In preferred scheme, rotate around the focus of the beam of its projection in the source.The inclination mechanization system comprises.For example, Linear actuator is connected in fixing framework one end, and the other end is connected in the source, the angle of the inclination of the length Controlling Source of driver, or the pulley of a mechanization is used for angled source.In another embodiment, movably point instrumentation by motor driven to change the track of output beam.
On the other hand, the present invention includes rotational source and mobile detector on crevice projection angles different in the whole 360 degree scannings with respect to the object that will obtain image.In one embodiment, source and detector for example come down to the gantry of O-shape in framework, and source and detector can rotate in gantry.Source and detector can be installed in the rotor of mechanization, and rotor rotates on track and bearing arrangement around gantry.In another embodiment, when object is in the state of rotation, the source and movably detector remain fixed in the support desk for example.
The present invention also relates to the method for object image-forming, be included in the first track projection radiation bundle, beam passes the first area of object and drops on the detector that is positioned at primary importance; Mobile detector to the second place at one in fact for the vertical direction of first track; The track of conversion beam so that beam by object second area and drop on the detector that is positioned at the second place.Preferably, beam comprises the cone beam or the fan-ray beam of X-light ray, and the ray that is detected is used to produce two dimensional surface or three-dimensional computer-controlled tomoscan (CT) subject image.
In one aspect, the present invention can with simple and direct mode, come mobile detector to arrange to a plurality of positions by using detector positioner to the object image-forming greater than vision detector, like this, use single detector array that the effectively big visual field is provided with relatively little size.In addition, beam positioner allows the track of beam to follow the path of mobile detector, safer and the more effective consumption that makes that this is favourable is used, and simultaneously, has only the target object of subregion can be exposed to harmful radiation in the time of needs in the visual field of detector.
Brief Description Of Drawings
As the different views of the each several part of the present invention showed in the accompanying drawing, target of the present invention, feature and advantage will become more clear by following detailed description.Accompanying drawing is not necessarily limited to ratio, and the emphasis of accompanying drawing is to show mechanism of the present invention.
Figure 1A-C is the synoptic diagram of x-ray scanning system of the detector array that moves of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 A-D is the X-light source of the system in the exploded view 1 and the side-looking and the partial view of detector;
Fig. 3 has showed the of the present invention obtainable wide visual field of mobile detector system;
Fig. 4 is the data collection matrix of showing the X-photo-scanning system of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is according to the view of the decomposition of the X-photo-detector location segmentation of an embodiment;
Fig. 6 A-C has showed that X-light-seeking segmentation moves to three positions;
Fig. 7 is the view of decomposition of the location segmentation in the X-light source of one embodiment of the invention and source;
Fig. 8 is X-light source of concentrating and the partial view of locating segmentation;
What Fig. 9 A-C had showed one embodiment of the invention passes through Linear actuator with X-light source incline to three position;
Figure 10 has showed and has been used to tilt band and the pulley system of X-light source to the mechanization of a plurality of positions according to another embodiment;
Figure 11 has showed and has been used for the point instrumentation of directed X-pencil of light rays to the variation of the mechanization of a plurality of detector positions according to another embodiment;
Figure 12 is the rotor arrangement that is used to rotate X-light source and detector in gantry;
Figure 13 is that the plane of showing the rotor mechanism in the gantry is looked side view;
Figure 14 is according to the movably go-cart of the tomography that is used for big field-of-view objects of an embodiment and planar imaging and framework schematic representation of apparatus; And
Figure 15 shows to be used for the tomography of big field-of-view objects and the desktop X-ray apparatus of planar imaging according to having of another embodiment.
Detailed description of the present invention
Being described in detail as follows of embodiment preferred of the present invention.
The X-photo-scanning system of the detector array that having of one embodiment of the invention is mobile has been showed in Figure 1A-C signal.The scanning system that is showed in Figure 1A-C comprises framework 11, and framework comprises overall annular in the present embodiment, or the housing of " O-shape ", has the opening at center, is placed in one by the object of imaging.Gantry 11 comprises that X-light source 13 (the X-light source of for example rotatable anodic pulse modulation) projection X-pencil of light rays is to the central opening of gantry, by by the object of imaging, on the detector array 14 that is positioned at the relative end of framework (for example the flat panel data detector is arranged).Being detected the X-light that device 14 receives can be used to adopt known technology to produce the object reconstructed image of 2D or 3D tomography.
Detector 14 is moved into a plurality of positions along straight line or circular arc direction, and this projection for beam 15 is vertical.This allows detector can catch the image of the object of being wider than vision detector.Figure 1A-1C has showed that working as detector moves to along 3 positions of circular arc with respect to the X-light source.This is at Fig. 2 A-C, and detector is transferred to the source of 3 diverse locations and the side view of detector, in show more clearly.Fig. 2 D shows by being combined in the big imaging that 3 sources and position of detector produce.As Fig. 2 A-C, when detector moves to position of each order, last detector resembles series 41 and is placed near primary pixel column 42 with respect to formerly detector position, thus, provide big " effectively " detector, shown in Fig. 2 D with wide visual field.The image that obtains is the combination of 3 images adjoining mutually, only uses the single detector array with relatively little size to produce the big visual field.
Source 13 preferably comprises the beam detent mechanism, is used for changing from fixing focus 40 beam 15 of projection, so that beam is followed detector when detector moves, shown in Figure 1A-C.This allows safer and more effective consumption to use, and can be exposed to potential harmful radiation as having only the local target object in vision detector usually in the given time.
Preferably, moving of the projection of detector and X-pencil of light rays can be coordinated and automatically by computer-controlled electric machine control system control.
The big visual field that the detector array that use of the present invention is moved of having showed Fig. 3 obtains, the visual field of relatively more same traditional static structure of arranging.The axle center of the imaging region of the diameter that little and big circle representative is different is the zone at center, and imaging region lays respectively in the visual field immovable and movably detector array.The diameter of imaging region is near half of detector width, owing to launch with taper when beam beam when the focus in source projects detector array.As shown in Figure 3, the diameter of projected area is arranged by mobile detector and can be increased greatly along the straight line of general character framework and a plurality of position scanning X-pencil of light rays of camber line.
In one aspect, X-light source 13 and movably detector 14 can be around the inner rotation of gantry, preferably on the rotor that drives, to obtain wide-field X-photoimaging from part or complete 360 degree rotations.Collect enough data that a plurality of projections produce the three-dimensional cone-beam tomographic image reconstructing that is used for target object in the 360 degree rotations spreading all over.
Shown in the matrix diagram among Fig. 4, there are at least two to be used for spending the method that scannings obtain wide-field subject image in part or complete 360.In first method, the source in the gantry and each corner of detector, detector is moved into two above positions, catches the X-light image at each detector position.Show in the top line of this matrix diagram in Fig. 4 that detector moves to detector position 1-3 in segmentation.Rotor carries second position that X-light source and detector segmentation go to gantry, and this process constantly repeats when X-light source and detector stage rotation by the rotor-position on N the gantry to obtain the big field-of-view objects images that complete 360 degree scan.
In second method, each position that detector moves, source and detector stage are implemented the part of the complete 360 degree rotations of surrounding target object.Show in this left column in the matrix diagram of Fig. 4 that the detector among the figure remains on detector position 1, source and detector stage are rotated from rotor angle 0 to N in gantry simultaneously.This process repeats in each detector array shift position, and source and detector stage are finished the scanning of a part or whole part of target object at each detector position.
In Fig. 5, according to an aspect of the present invention, X-detector positioner 100 is showed with the form of decomposing.Positioning section comprises that detector carriage 101 is used for supporting detector, and friction-driven 102 is connected on the actuator frame and positioner frame 103, and detector carriage movably is installed on the positioner frame.Positioner frame comprises two parallel sides 104, and basis 105 and a series of side frame 106 extend between the side.Inner side 104 comprises that three main concentric surface extend to the length of frame.104 top is flat surface in the side, and the friction pulley 109 on it is driven, and is the V-groove track at the center, is a pair of V-grooved roller 110 on the V-groove track, is another flat surface in the bottom, and the linear encoder band is installed on it.
Shown in embodiment preferred in, the concentric radius of crooked siding track is difference by the difference of the circumscribed function in X-light ray source.It is in essence perpendicular to the plane of detector array that the ray at center or straight line connect focus to the central shaft of detector array.By the moving detector assembly of siding track along the bending that limits, the surperficial tangentially of detector move to circumference, this circumference is cut in the central shaft of detector array of connection outward to the ray or the straight line of focus.Other scheme comprises the circle with unlimited radius, crooked siding track along the plane or straight line become and stretch.
Friction-driven 102 comprises the indirect speed change gear of subsidy motor, gear head, and band drives, axle and friction pulley 109.Friction-driven is installed on by support 107 and surveys frame 101.Preferably spring-loading and inclined to one side the complying with on the side 104 on plane, top of friction pulley 109.Roller 110 is installed on the support 107, and is pressed into the V-groove at the center of steady arm side 104.V-grooved roller 110 is seated on the detector carriage 101 accurately, also allows to be installed in other orientation, makes the detector array accurate in locating that moves be independent of the angle or the position of gantry like this.The gap of friction pulley 109 in positioning system minimizes.In addition, read head 108 is placed on the detector carriage 107 to read the encoder strip on the plane that is installed in 104 bottoms, steady arm side.Read head 108 provides position feedback information to subsidizing the indirect speed change gear of motor with accurately along the central shaft position locator support that moves.X-detector positioner 100 also can comprise bearing 29 be connected in side 104 be used for around the whole detector of the inner rotation of gantry integrated, following further detailed description.
Referring to Fig. 6 A-C, the detector positioner 100 of combination is demonstrated mobile detector support 101 to a plurality of positions along circular arc.In operation, detector carriage 101 and friction-driven integrated 102 moves and by the encoder system accurate in locating of linearity along the central shaft of positioning framework accurately by subsidy motor indirect speed change gear.Three positions are shown in Fig. 6 A-C, although detector carriage 101 can be by any point location that limits along positioner frame 103 accurately.The characteristic of the compactness of friction-driven 102 allows moving of detector carriage 101 maximums, driving 102 simultaneously keeps packing into fully in the positioner frame 103, and the distal extension that allows detector carriage surpasses the end (as Fig. 6 A and 6C) of positioner frame, the validity in the visual field of obtaining with further raising detector.
As mentioned above, imaging system of the present invention preferably comprises the radiographic source with beam detent mechanism, and detent mechanism is used for the projection of conversion from the ray of fixing focus emission, so that beam can scanned a plurality of positions.Have the beam detent mechanism X-source stage 200 a scheme as shown in Figure 7.Section comprises outside face framework 201 (showing with the form of decomposing), and face framework 201 is equipped with X-light source 13, the X-light source base 202 of rotation and the indirect speed change gear Linear actuator 203 of subsidy motor.The X-light source by source(-)holder 202 at bottom and a pair of axle bush seat 206 in lateral support.Axle bush seat 206 is connected in exterior face framework 201 by the accurate pin 204 of pressing-packing into axle bush 205.Pin 204 allows axle bush seats 206, and therefore X-light source 13 and source(-)holder 202, the rotation of corresponding outside framework 201 and rotating.This rotational action is the center with the focus of X-light source preferably.
Accurately indirect speed change gear Linear actuator 203 1 ends of subsidy motor invest the outside framework, and invest rotation X-light source base 202 at the other end.By the length of the Linear actuator 203 that drives, source(-)holder 202 and X-light source 13 can be installed on the pin 204, with its focus inclination X-light source relatively under control mode.The X-source stage of entire combination as shown in Figure 8.
The manipulation of X-light source and inclined ray bundle detent mechanism is shown in Fig. 9 A-9C.When Linear actuator moves to the position (Fig. 9 C) of stretching out fully from the position (Fig. 9 A) of withdrawal fully, the X-light source changes the projection of the beam of launching like this around the rotation of its focus.In this scheme, the point of rotation is represented the center of circumference, has by the radius of focus to the distance of the center pixel of detector array.The angle of rotation is to determine by the angle that is limited by the distance that connects the X-focus of light source detector and the center pixel of detector array.The position of the pitch angle that the kinetic control system that calculates can be used to synchronous X-light source and the detector array that moves, thus the X-pencil of light rays remains on the center of detector, even detector is transferred to diverse location.
The scheme of the X-pencil of light rays steady arm of different other can be used according to the present invention.For example, as shown in figure 10, the X-light source can be tilted to a plurality of positions by band and the pulley system that drives.In another scheme as shown in figure 11, the projection of X-pencil of light rays changes by the point instrumentation that is changed by the indirect speed change gear of subsidy motor.
As shown in figure 12, X-source stage 200 and X-detector positioner 100 can be combined together by crooked support integrated 301, with the rotor integrated 33 of the driving that produces C-shape.The support 301 maintenance sources and the detector of rigidity are opposed mutually, and whole rotor is integrated can rotate in O-shape X-light gantry.Rotor integrated 33 can comprise that also motor 31 and driving wheel 32 invest an end of rotor to drive the integrated inside around gantry of rotor.
Figure 13 is that the plane of gantry 11 is looked side view, comprises the rotor 33 of C-shape mechanization.The medial surface of gantry comprises that crooked track 27 extends in the continuous circulation around gantry inside.The track 27 of the bending of the driving wheel 32 contact frameworks of rotor integrated 33, and use track to drive the integrated inside of rotor around gantry.The scrambler of the increase of rotation can be used to measure accurately the integrated angle position of rotor in the gantry.The scrambler that increases can be driven by friction pulley, and friction pulley rotates on the concentric rail that is positioned at the gantry side.Rotor integrated 33 also comprises bearing 29, combines closely to help guided rotor integrated 33, when rotor integrated 33 rotates in gantry with the track of the bending of gantry.The inside of gantry 11 comprises slip ring keeping and the electrically contacting of rotor integrated 33, and so that X-light source, detector, detector positioner and/or the required energy of beam positioner operation to be provided, and makes the whole rotation in the gantry that is integrated in.Slip ring can further be used to shift and control signal to rotor, and the dispersion process unit of X-photoimaging data from detector to the gantry outside.The function of any or all of slip ring can for example, invest the flexible wire of rotor by embodied in other.
Although the rotor in the embodiment preferred is integrated is C-shape rotor, should be appreciated that, and other rotor form, for example O-shape rotor also may be utilized.For example, the support 301 of second bending can be attached closing and to open the end of rotor, and be provided all day is the rotor of O-shape.In addition, the mechanical system of separating is used in the rotation that X-light source and detector can be separate.
X-photo-scanning system 10 according to an aspect of the present invention generally includes the gantry 11 that is fixed in supporting construction, and supporting construction can be mobile or fixed go-cart, patient's desk, wall, ground or a ceiling.As shown in figure 14, gantry 11 is fixed in the removable go-cart 12 through loop mapping unit 20 in the mode of cantilever.In certain embodiment, loop mapping unit 20 makes framework 11 move and/or to rotate with respect to supporting construction, comprise, for example, along above X, a Y with the Z axle moves and/or rotate around above X and Y.X-light scanning apparatus with cantilever, multivariant movably framework is in the interim patent 60/388 of the U.S. that is filed on June 11st, 2002,063 and be filed on August 21st, 2002 60/405,098 in describe to some extent, its full content is incorporated in this paper by citation.
Movably go-cart 12 among Figure 14 comprises the power supply supply, and X-photoelectric source generator and computer system comprise that with the running of control X-light scanning apparatus the inclination mobile and the X-light source of detector is moved.Computer system also can be implemented the processing capacity of different pieces of information, for example Flame Image Process and X-light image storage.Movably go-cart 12 preferably comprises display system 60, and flat-panel screens for example is to show the image that obtains by the X-photoscanner.Display also can comprise user interface capabilities, and touch screen controller for example makes the user can reciprocation and the function of gated sweep system.In one embodiment, the hanger of user's control or the function of pedal may command scanning system.Should be appreciated that any function of movably go-cart 12 also can be implemented in more than one fixing unit.
O shape frame loops can comprise fan-shaped, and this is fan-shaped to can the separating so that opening or " breach " to be provided from frame loops of small part, and is fan-shaped by this, can radially be passed in and out the center imaging region of frame loops by the object of imaging.One of this types of devices is a little manipulative X-light frame loops surrounding target object, patient for example, and close frame loops then around object, cause least interference, to implement the X-photoimaging to object." can disconnect " the frame loops device that is used for the X-photoimaging is described in the United States Patent (USP) 10/319,407 that is filed on Dec 12nd, 2002 to some extent, and its full content is incorporated in this paper by citation.
Although it should be understood that also embodiment comprises the X-photoimaging device with O-shape frame loops shown herein, other frame loops structure also may be utilized, and comprises the ring-shaped frame of disconnection, has complete 360 degree rotatory powers.
Referring to Figure 15, the big visual field scanister of desktop version is demonstrated.In this embodiment, connector holder, frame loops and friction rotor drive by the desktop holder 302 of rigidity and the changeed part 303 that is positioned at center, the visual field and replace.Can change the part rotation object to be imaged rotates to catch projects images from any angle in complete 360 degree angles.Detector and source location integrated 100,200 is fixed is installed in the distance that interfixes.Can change on any point that is installed in desktop that part 303 can be fixed, along X-optical focus and the integrated center of probe position that ray connects.The data collection techniques of this embodiment is identical with those X-light frame loops of describing in fact, in this scheme, be object with respect to source and sonde rotary, rather than source and detector rotate with respect to object, this influences the X-photoscanning.
The system and method for X-photoimaging described here can be favourable employing two dimension and/or measurements of the chest, waist and hips X-photoscanning.Can be in sight from the independent two-dimensional projections of the predetermined angle of rotating along frame loops, or the many projections parts or the full rotation that are collected can be rebuilt, use taper or fan-ray beam tomoscan reconstruction technique.This invention can be used to obtain many plane X-light images in the accurate method of synchronization, for example be filed in the application on March 13rd, 2003 being entitled as the system and methods of synchronous many plane X-photoimagings " accurate " (lawyer's summary No3349.1001-001), its full content is incorporated in this paper by citation.Simultaneously, the image of obtaining at each detector position can heavily be projected to essence detector array equidistant or isogonism, back projection tomography rebuilding technology prior to the implementation criteria filtration, as the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/405 that is filed on August 21st, 2002 that owns together, 096 is described.
Detector array described here comprises the arrangement of two-dimensional flat-panel solid state detector.Yet it should be understood that different detectors and detector array can be applied to the present invention, be included in typical diagnosis with any panel detector structure in the imaging system of fan-ray beam or cone beam, for example C-arm fluoroscope.Preferred detector is a two-dimensional slice transistor X-photo-detector, uses scintillator indefinite form silicon technology.
The present invention has carried out detailed displaying and explanation by above embodiment preferred, and the variation that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that different forms and details can be made at this and not break away from the scope of the present invention such as claim.For example, although the special embodiment in this displaying and description is relevant to the application of computer-controlled tomography (CT) X-photoimaging, will be further understood that, principle of the present invention also may extend to other medical treatment and non-imaging of medical is used, and comprises, for example, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon radiate computer-controlled tomography (SPECT), imaging of overclocking sound equipment and photographing imaging.
Simultaneously,, should be appreciated that the present invention can be used in a large amount of other application, comprises commercial Application, for example test and analysis of material the big object of container inspection and imaging though embodiment described here is relevant to imaging of medical.

Claims (44)

1. imaging device, comprising:
The gantry that comes down to O-shape with central opening is used for around locating by the object of imaging, and described gantry has the inner cavities of 360 degree around gantry inside;
The rotor of mechanization is suitable for around the inner rotation of gantry;
The source, rotor is fixed in described source, and is suitable at the first track projection radiation bundle;
Detector, described detector is fixed in rotor in primary importance, and is positioned to receive beam at first track;
Detector positioner, described detector positioner mobile detector to epitrochanterian in fact perpendicular to the second place of first track;
Beam positioner, the track of described beam positioner conversion beam with the directed beam bundle on the detector of the second place; And
This device is arranged with rotor selecting the position of rotation around gantry inside, and the track of beam and the position of rotation of detector synchronously, so that obtain effectively big field-of-view image from a plurality of crevice projection angles of part or complete 360 degree rotors rotations.
2. according to the device of claim 1, detector wherein is to move along circular arc.
3. according to the device of claim 1, detector wherein is to move along straight line.
4. according to the device of claim 1, detector wherein is a two-dimensional detector.
5. according to the device of claim 4, detector wherein is a two-dimensional flat-panel detector array.
6. according to the device of claim 1, wherein said source is the X-light source.
7. according to the device of claim 1, wherein central opening is set to reception by the object of imaging, and on the more than one movably direction of described detector, the visual field of described object ratio detection device is broader.
8. according to the device of claim 1, the detector positioner motor that comprises positioner frame and detector is moved in the positioner frame frame wherein.
9. according to the device of claim 1, wherein detector positioner comprise guide rail and more than one with the close-fitting bearing of guide rail, guiding detector when detector moves.
10. according to the device of claim 1, further comprise the position feedback system, this system is along with the position of the mobile indication detector of detector and comprise linear encoder and read head.
11. according to the device of claim 1, further comprise the position feedback system, this system is along with the position of the mobile indication detector of detector and comprise rotatable scrambler and friction pulley.
12. according to the device of claim 1, wherein to move the radius of the circular arc on institute edge be that focus with the source is the center to detector.
13. according to the device of claim 1, wherein said beam positioner navigation rays bundle, so that when detector moved, the center line of beam kept being oriented to the geometric center of detector.
14. according to the device of claim 1, beam positioner navigation rays bundle wherein is to a plurality of launching positions, the focus in source is maintained fixed simultaneously.
15. according to the device of claim 1, wherein beam positioner comprises pitch system, is used for angled source.
16. according to the device of claim 15, wherein said pitch system is around the focus angled source in source.
17. according to the device of claim 15, wherein pitch system comprises Linear actuator, Linear actuator one end connects tiltable source, and the other end connects support, the angle that the length qualification source of driver tilts.
18. according to the device of claim 15, pitch system wherein comprises the pulley of the mechanization that connects the X-light source.
19. according to the device of claim 1, wherein beam positioner comprises movably point instrumentation, the position of point instrumentation limits the track of beam.
20. according to the device of claim 1, the ray that wherein detects is used to obtain the two-dimensional plane image of the object in the imaging region.
21. according to the device of claim 1, the tomography of Computer Processing that the ray that detects wherein is used to obtain the three-dimensional of the object in imaging region reproduces.
22. according to the imaging device of claim 1, detector positioner wherein comprises:
Positioner frame is to support the mobile route of steady arm and qualification steady arm; And
Be installed in detector and the positioner frame motor at least one, with along the mobile route mobile detector to a plurality of positions.
23. imaging device according to claim 22, wherein positioner frame comprise one with upper rail to limit mobile route, described detector positioner also further comprises the bearing of combining closely in more than one guide rail, guiding detector when detector is mobile in positioner frame.
24. according to the imaging device of claim 23, motor driven friction pulley wherein is with respect to the more than one guide rail mobile detector of positioner frame.
25. according to the imaging device of claim 22, further comprise the position feedback system, this position feedback system is along with the position of the mobile indication detector of detector.
26. according to the imaging device of claim 25, position feedback system wherein comprises linear encoder band and read head.
27. according to the imaging device of claim 25, position feedback system wherein comprises rotatable encoder strip and friction pulley.
28. according to the imaging device of claim 1, beam positioner wherein comprises: the framework in source is housed, framework be connected in the source with the permission source with respect to the rotation of framework around pivot; And
The system of mechanization is connected in framework and source, and the system of mechanization pivots the track of source with the conversion beam with respect to framework.
29. according to the imaging device of claim 28, the system of mechanization wherein comprises Linear actuator, there, and the angle that the Linear actuator Controlling Source pivots with respect to framework.
30. according to the imaging device of claim 28, the focus of source diffraction wire harness is wherein rotated.
31. according to the imaging device of claim 28, source wherein is the X-light source.
32. the method to object image-forming comprises:
Substantially be the interior positioning object of central opening of the gantry of O-shape, gantry has the inner cavities of 360 degree around gantry inside;
Be rotated in a plurality of selected position of rotation of rotor to the complete 360 degree circumference of framework in the gantry inner cavity, rotor has and is installed in this epitrochanterian radiographic source and detector;
Source projection radiation bundle in first track, beam is by the first area of object, to the detector that is positioned at primary importance;
Mobile detector in fact perpendicular to first track direction on the second place;
The track of conversion beam, thus beam is by the second area of object, to the detector that is positioned at the second place; And
The ray of detection on the detector on first and second detector positions spent the effectively big field-of-view image of a plurality of crevice projection angles of rotors rotation to obtain part or complete 360.
33. according to the method for claim 32, wherein detector moves along circular arc.
34. according to the method for claim 32, wherein detector moves along straight line.
35. according to the method for claim 32, wherein said source is the X-light source.
36. according to the method for claim 32, wherein wide by the visual field of the object ratio detection device of imaging, and detector is moved to a plurality of positions so that whole object by imaging.
37. according to the method for claim 32, wherein detector is a two-dimensional detector.
38. according to the method for claim 32, wherein detector is to move by detector positioner, detector positioner comprises the location framework and the motor of mobile detector in framework.
39. according to the method for claim 32, wherein the track of beam comes conversion by angled source.
40. according to the method for claim 39, source wherein tilts around its focus.
41. according to the method for claim 32, its rotor is rotated to a plurality of crevice projection angles, and at each crevice projection angle, detector is moved and the beam transfer trajectory.
42. according to the method for claim 32, its rotor is rotated to one group of angle, in described one group of angle, the track and the detector of beam are positioned at primary importance, and rotor is transferred to the track of beam and one group of angle that detector is positioned at the second place then.
43. according to the method for claim 32, the ray that wherein detects is used to obtain the two-dimensional plane image of the object in the imaging region.
44. according to the method for claim 32, the tomography of Computer Processing that the ray that detects wherein is used to obtain the three-dimensional of the object in imaging region reproduces.
CN038063611A 2002-03-19 2003-03-18 Computer X-ray tomography device equipped with detector moving with number axis X-ray source Expired - Lifetime CN1643371B (en)

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