ZA986376B - Hydrocyanation process and multidentate phosphite ligand and nickel catalyst compositions therefor. - Google Patents
Hydrocyanation process and multidentate phosphite ligand and nickel catalyst compositions therefor.Info
- Publication number
- ZA986376B ZA986376B ZA9806376A ZA986376A ZA986376B ZA 986376 B ZA986376 B ZA 986376B ZA 9806376 A ZA9806376 A ZA 9806376A ZA 986376 A ZA986376 A ZA 986376A ZA 986376 B ZA986376 B ZA 986376B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst compositions
- nickel catalyst
- phosphite ligand
- compositions therefor
- hydrocyanation process
- Prior art date
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 238000005669 hydrocyanation reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/65746—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus the molecule containing more than one cyclic phosphorus atom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds
- C07C253/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds to compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/145—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/323—Hydrometalation, e.g. bor-, alumin-, silyl-, zirconation or analoguous reactions like carbometalation, hydrocarbation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0261—Complexes comprising ligands with non-tetrahedral chirality
- B01J2531/0266—Axially chiral or atropisomeric ligands, e.g. bulky biaryls such as donor-substituted binaphthalenes, e.g. "BINAP" or "BINOL"
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/847—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5383197P | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ZA986376B true ZA986376B (en) | 2000-01-17 |
Family
ID=21986832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA9806376A ZA986376B (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-17 | Hydrocyanation process and multidentate phosphite ligand and nickel catalyst compositions therefor. |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6127567A (xx) |
EP (1) | EP1000022B1 (xx) |
DE (1) | DE69829562T2 (xx) |
MY (1) | MY124170A (xx) |
TW (1) | TWI285194B (xx) |
WO (1) | WO1999006358A1 (xx) |
ZA (1) | ZA986376B (xx) |
Families Citing this family (70)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6380421B1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2002-04-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multidentate phosphite ligands, catalytic compositions containing such ligands and catalytic processes utilizing such catalytic compositions |
DE10136488A1 (de) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-06 | Basf Ag | Ni(O) enthaltendes Katalysatorsystem |
AR036636A1 (es) * | 2001-10-12 | 2004-09-22 | Basf Ag | Fosfonita i, su uso como ligando en complejos de metal de transicion, dichos complejos, procedimiento para la obtencion de estos ultimos, uso de complejos de metal transitorio como catalizador y procedimientos para la adicion de acido cianhidrico a un doble enlace olefinico y para la isomerizacion d |
DE10150285A1 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Basf Ag | Phosphonite |
DE10150286A1 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Basf Ag | Phosphinite |
US6489517B1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2002-12-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing 3,3′,6,6′-tetraalkyl-2,2′-biphenols and 3,3′,6,6′-tetraalkyl-5,5′-dihalo-2,2′-biphenols |
US6660876B2 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-12-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Phosphorus-containing compositions and their use in hydrocyanation, isomerization and hydroformylation reactions |
MY138064A (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2009-04-30 | Basf Ag | Method for the separation of acids from chemical reaction mixtures by means of ionic fluids |
MY134370A (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2007-12-31 | Basf Ag | Recycling of a lewis acid |
FR2842195B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-15 | 2005-12-02 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitrile a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
US6906218B2 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2005-06-14 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Cyclohexane derivatives and methods for their preparation |
FR2849027B1 (fr) * | 2002-12-23 | 2005-01-21 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de synthese de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles a partir de composes a insaturations ethyleniques |
US6936171B2 (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2005-08-30 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process for catalyst recovery from hydrocyanation product mixtures |
US6897329B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2005-05-24 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process for the preparation of nickel/phosphorous ligand catalyst for olefin hydrocyanation |
FR2850966B1 (fr) | 2003-02-10 | 2005-03-18 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes dinitriles |
DE10314761A1 (de) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-14 | Basf Ag | Als Katalysator für die Hydrocyanierung von olefinisch ungesättigten Verbindungen geeignetes System |
US6844289B2 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2005-01-18 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process for the preparation of a nickel/phosphorous ligand catalyst |
FR2854891B1 (fr) | 2003-05-12 | 2006-07-07 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de preparation de dinitriles |
FR2854892B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-12 | 2005-06-24 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de dinitriles |
MXPA06002667A (es) | 2003-09-11 | 2006-06-06 | Invista Tech Sarl | Proceso de hidrocianacion de derivados de acido carboxilico no saturado. |
DE10350999A1 (de) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-02 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend wenigstens einen Nickel(O)Komplex stabilisiert durch einen sterisch anspruchsvollen Chelatphosphinitphosphitliganden, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
DE10351000A1 (de) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-09 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nickel(O)-Phosphorligand-Komplexen |
DE102004004682A1 (de) | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-18 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Adipodinitril durch Hydrocyanierung von 1,3-Butadien |
US8119829B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2012-02-21 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process of hydrocyanation of unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives |
EP2322503B1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2014-12-31 | Invista Technologies S.à.r.l. | Process of making 3-aminopentanenitrile |
EP2325216B1 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2014-05-21 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Method for preparation of 1-alkene-acrylate based copolymer |
WO2007109005A2 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-27 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L. | Method for the purification of triorganophosphites by treatment with a basic additive |
KR100882315B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-02-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 루이스 산을 이용한 α-올레핀-아크릴레이트-노보넨 3원공중합체 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 공중합체 |
US7659422B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-02-09 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Hydrocyanation process with reduced yield losses |
US7709674B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-05-04 | Invista North America S.A R.L | Hydrocyanation process with reduced yield losses |
US7709673B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-05-04 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Process for making 3-pentenenitrile by hydrocyanation of butadiene |
US7919646B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2011-04-05 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Hydrocyanation of 2-pentenenitrile |
US7880028B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-02-01 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Process for making 3-pentenenitrile by hydrocyanation of butadiene |
CN101679565B (zh) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-05-23 | Lg化学株式会社 | 包含链烯烃、丙烯酸酯和不饱和有机酸的共聚物及其制备方法 |
US8906334B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2014-12-09 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | High efficiency reactor and process |
US8101790B2 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2012-01-24 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process for improving adiponitrile quality |
WO2009091771A2 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L | Process for making and refining 3-pentenenitrile, and for refining 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile |
CN101918356B (zh) | 2008-01-15 | 2013-09-25 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 戊烯腈的氢氰化 |
FR2926816B1 (fr) | 2008-01-25 | 2010-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
JP2011515411A (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-05-19 | インビスタ テクノロジーズ エス エイ アール エル | シクロドデカトリエンの製造方法およびラウロラクトンの製造方法 |
FR2932477B1 (fr) | 2008-06-17 | 2013-01-18 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
KR101610423B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-14 | 2016-04-08 | 인비스타 테크놀러지스 에스.에이 알.엘. | 2-sec-알킬-4,5-디-(n-알킬)페놀의 제조 방법 |
FR2937321B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-10-22 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
FR2941455B1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2011-02-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
WO2011017543A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Invista Technologies S.A. R.L. | Hydrogenation and esterification to form diesters |
US9371343B2 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2016-06-21 | Invista North America S.A. R.L. | Nickel metal compositions and nickel complexes derived from basic nickel carbonates |
CN103080075B (zh) | 2010-07-07 | 2014-10-29 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 用于制备腈的方法 |
CN103080119B (zh) * | 2010-09-07 | 2015-04-08 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 用于制备镍金属的镍组合物和镍配合物 |
JP2014523481A (ja) | 2011-06-10 | 2014-09-11 | インヴィスタ テクノロジーズ エスアエルエル | 流動床反応器を含む焼成プロセス及び還元プロセス |
KR20140036307A (ko) | 2011-06-10 | 2014-03-25 | 인비스타 테크놀러지스 에스.에이.알.엘. | 니켈 금속-리간드 촉매 형성에서의 향상 |
KR20140092318A (ko) | 2011-10-07 | 2014-07-23 | 인비스타 테크놀러지스 에스.에이 알.엘. | 니트릴의 제조 방법 |
EP2794046B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-02-03 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L. | Extraction solvent control for reducing stable emulsions |
CN104039412B (zh) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-08-24 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
EP2794048B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2022-01-05 | INVISTA Textiles (U.K.) Limited | Extraction solvent control for reducing stable emulsions |
CN103402595B (zh) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-02-03 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
MY164954A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2018-02-28 | Basf Se | Method for purifying organic diphosphite compounds |
US9108988B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2015-08-18 | Basf Se | Method of purifying organic diphosphite compounds |
BR112014016137B1 (pt) | 2011-12-30 | 2021-02-09 | Basf Se | forma cristalina não solvatada, monossolvato de tolueno cristalino, solvato de acetona cristalino, composição, processo para a preparação do monossolvato de tolueno cristalino, processo para a preparação de uma forma cristalina não solvatada, processo para a preparação do solvato de acetona cristalino, método para obter o solvato de acetona cristalino, uso de uma forma cristalina, e, método para produzir um catalisador de metal de transição |
WO2013181096A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Invista Technologies S.A.R.L. | Process for stabilizing hydrocyanation catalyst |
WO2014089303A1 (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-12 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Improved process for producing pentenenitriles |
ES2566069T3 (es) * | 2012-10-12 | 2016-04-08 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Procedimiento estable a largo plazo para la preparación de aldehídos de C5 |
EP2928598A1 (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2015-10-14 | Invista Technologies S.à.r.l. | Composition for improved nickel-ligand solubility |
CN105531257B (zh) | 2013-07-17 | 2019-12-17 | 英威达纺织(英国)有限公司 | 通过蒸馏将溶剂与镍催化剂分离 |
CN103467517B (zh) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-12-02 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种双亚磷酸三(3,3’,5,5’-四甲基-2,2’-联苯酚)酯的微波合成方法 |
CN103664691B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-01-20 | 安徽省安庆市曙光化工股份有限公司 | 制备己二腈的方法 |
EP3160907B1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2019-11-20 | INVISTA Textiles (U.K.) Limited | Enhanced extraction of impurities from mixture comprising nitriles |
WO2015200630A1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Integrated process for nitrile manufacture with enhanced liquid-liquid extraction |
EP3031818B1 (de) * | 2014-12-04 | 2019-07-03 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Eintopfsynthese zur herstellung von diphosphiten und triphosphiten |
CA3012843A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-17 | Henkel IP & Holding GmbH | Olefin-acrylate copolymers with pendant hydroxyl functionality and use thereof |
EP3414270B1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2022-09-14 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Olefin-acrylate copolymers with pendant hydroxyl functionality and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US591600A (en) * | 1897-10-12 | Samuel gotjldelsr | ||
US3496215A (en) * | 1965-11-23 | 1970-02-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins using selected nickel phosphite catalysts |
GB1112539A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1968-05-08 | Du Pont | Preparation of organic nitriles |
US3496217A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1970-02-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
US3655723A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1972-04-11 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
US3631191A (en) * | 1970-04-08 | 1971-12-28 | Du Pont | Synthesis of zero valent nickel-tetrakis triaryl phosphite complexes |
US3766237A (en) * | 1972-01-25 | 1973-10-16 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
US4774353A (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1988-09-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Triorganotin catalyst promoters for hydrocyanation |
US4874884A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Promoter synergism in pentenenitrile hydrocyanation |
US5360938A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-11-01 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Asymmetric syntheses |
DE69519020T2 (de) * | 1994-04-14 | 2001-05-17 | Du Pont | Nickel und phosphinebidentat enthaltende katalysatorzusammen- setzungen zur hydrocyanierung von monoolefinen |
US5512696A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1996-04-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrocyanation process and multidentate phosphite and nickel catalyst composition therefor |
TW315370B (xx) * | 1994-10-07 | 1997-09-11 | Du Pont | |
DE19717359B4 (de) | 1996-04-30 | 2014-10-30 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corp. | Bisphosphitverbindungen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
-
1998
- 1998-07-16 MY MYPI98003247A patent/MY124170A/en unknown
- 1998-07-17 ZA ZA9806376A patent/ZA986376B/xx unknown
- 1998-07-23 EP EP98937046A patent/EP1000022B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-23 WO PCT/US1998/015305 patent/WO1999006358A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-23 US US09/121,105 patent/US6127567A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-23 DE DE69829562T patent/DE69829562T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-01 TW TW087111728A patent/TWI285194B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-07-13 US US09/351,642 patent/US6171996B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1000022A1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
TWI285194B (en) | 2007-08-11 |
DE69829562D1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
DE69829562T2 (de) | 2006-02-16 |
WO1999006358A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
MY124170A (en) | 2006-06-30 |
EP1000022B1 (en) | 2005-03-30 |
US6171996B1 (en) | 2001-01-09 |
US6127567A (en) | 2000-10-03 |
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