ZA200604284B - Method of decomposition polymer - Google Patents
Method of decomposition polymer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200604284B ZA200604284B ZA200604284A ZA200604284A ZA200604284B ZA 200604284 B ZA200604284 B ZA 200604284B ZA 200604284 A ZA200604284 A ZA 200604284A ZA 200604284 A ZA200604284 A ZA 200604284A ZA 200604284 B ZA200604284 B ZA 200604284B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- grams
- determined
- olefins
- liquid product
- hydrocarbons
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 263
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 153
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 88
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 viny-lidene olefins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021398 atomic carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- RHSBIGNQEIPSCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N stearonitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC#N RHSBIGNQEIPSCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000711981 Sais Species 0.000 claims 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012731 temporal analysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 35
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 30
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 17
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229940105305 carbon monoxide Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Rb+] CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 101100204059 Caenorhabditis elegans trap-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YQZBFMJOASEONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methyl-2-propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1C YQZBFMJOASEONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1C HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXIUBBVSOWPLDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-p-xylene Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC=C1C AXIUBBVSOWPLDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLCSFXXPPANWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyltoluene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 ZLCSFXXPPANWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000182988 Assa Species 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GZWHKZMMMSLXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;1,2-xylene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1C GZWHKZMMMSLXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007516 brønsted-lowry acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013844 butane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QUEBYVKXYIKVSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-propyltoluene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 QUEBYVKXYIKVSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UOHMMEJUHBCKEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prehnitene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1C UOHMMEJUHBCKEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013849 propane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HYXAFXHYSA-N (z)-pent-2-ene Chemical compound CC\C=C/C QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HYXAFXHYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKYDTESFECVPHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3,4,5-tri(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical group CC(C)C1=CC(C)=C(C)C(C(C)C)=C1C(C)C AKYDTESFECVPHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHRQHZJWGBZBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diethyl-2,4,5,6-tetramethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(CC)=C1C AHRQHZJWGBZBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQVHSBDSEAYZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-pentylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1C NQVHSBDSEAYZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIVITOGDTXJSNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethyl-2,6-dimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC1(C)CC=CC(C)=C1 OIVITOGDTXJSNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100453572 Arabidopsis thaliana KCO3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013457 Dissociation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001421711 Mithras Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100238304 Mus musculus Morc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100453573 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica TPKC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010037544 Purging Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical compound C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHVNKPKDUATJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;ethylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1 NHVNKPKDUATJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007528 brønsted-lowry bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001201 calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000039 congener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000018459 dissociative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002469 indenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003498 natural gas condensate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004032 superbase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007525 superbases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/308—Gravity, density, e.g. API
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US53150603P | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200604284B true ZA200604284B (en) | 2007-11-28 |
Family
ID=34710231
Family Applications (7)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200604285A ZA200604285B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-05-26 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
| ZA200604284A ZA200604284B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-05-26 | Method of decomposition polymer |
| ZA200604525A ZA200604525B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-02 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
| ZA200604526A ZA200604526B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-02 | Systems and methods for producing a crude product |
| ZA200604611A ZA200604611B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
| ZA200604573A ZA200604573B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a cruide product |
| ZA200604610A ZA200604610B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200604285A ZA200604285B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-05-26 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
Family Applications After (5)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200604525A ZA200604525B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-02 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
| ZA200604526A ZA200604526B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-02 | Systems and methods for producing a crude product |
| ZA200604611A ZA200604611B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
| ZA200604573A ZA200604573B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a cruide product |
| ZA200604610A ZA200604610B (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-06 | Systems and methods of producing a crude product |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050148487A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1704203A2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2007517932A (zh) |
| CN (34) | CN101094909A (zh) |
| AU (2) | AU2004303881A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2558837A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200624472A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2005061672A2 (zh) |
| ZA (7) | ZA200604285B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7970792B2 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2011-06-28 | Onepin, Inc. | Phone to phone data exchange |
| DE102006040662B3 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-27 | Pac Holding S.A. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verwertung von sauerstoffhaltigen Polymeren |
| US20080272061A1 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Methods and Compositions for Deactivating Organic Acids in Oil |
| US20090299110A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Moinuddin Sarker | Method for Converting Waste Plastic to Lower-Molecular Weight Hydrocarbons, Particularly Hydrocarbon Fuel Materials, and the Hydrocarbon Material Produced Thereby |
| US20130211733A1 (en) * | 2010-06-16 | 2013-08-15 | Total Research & Technology Feluy | Analysis method to achieve a detailed analysis of a reactor effluent |
| US8664458B2 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2014-03-04 | Greenmantra Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Method for producing waxes and grease base stocks through catalytic depolymerisation of waste plastics |
| US20130118885A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | Moinuddin Sarker | Methods and systems for converting plastic to fuel |
| US20140371055A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-12-18 | Swaminathan Ramesh | Catalyst For Decomposing A Plastic |
| CN105209525A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2015-12-30 | 苏吉安托·坦迪欧 | 塑料试剂和方法 |
| WO2014110644A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-24 | Greenmantra Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Catalytic depolymerisation of polymeric materials |
| US20150247096A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods for converting plastic to wax |
| EA201791175A1 (ru) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-09-29 | ДЖОРДЖИЯ-ПЭСИФИК КЕМИКАЛЗ ЭлЭлСи | Частицы эмульгатора и способы их получения и использования |
| SG11201705505XA (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2017-08-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Co | Characterization of crude oil and its fractions by thermogravimetric analysis |
| US10472487B2 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2019-11-12 | Greenmantra Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Reactor for continuously treating polymeric material |
| CA3013953A1 (en) | 2016-02-13 | 2017-08-17 | Greenmantra Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Polymer-modified asphalt with wax additive |
| MX2018011492A (es) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-02-20 | Greenmantra Recycling Tech Ltd | Cera como modificador de flujo de fusion y adyuvante de procesamiento para polimeros. |
| MX2019003575A (es) | 2016-09-29 | 2019-06-03 | Greenmantra Recycling Tech Ltd | Reactor para el tratamiento de material de poliestireno. |
| US11788017B2 (en) | 2017-02-12 | 2023-10-17 | Magëmã Technology LLC | Multi-stage process and device for reducing environmental contaminants in heavy marine fuel oil |
| US20190233741A1 (en) | 2017-02-12 | 2019-08-01 | Magēmā Technology, LLC | Multi-Stage Process and Device for Reducing Environmental Contaminates in Heavy Marine Fuel Oil |
| US10604709B2 (en) | 2017-02-12 | 2020-03-31 | Magēmā Technology LLC | Multi-stage device and process for production of a low sulfur heavy marine fuel oil from distressed heavy fuel oil materials |
| CN109420513A (zh) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 劣质重整原料预处理催化剂及其制备方法、劣质重整原料预处理方法 |
| US10358603B1 (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-07-23 | Somayeh Shayesteh Pour | Method for producing fuel from plastic or rubber waste material |
| CN110658267B (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-08-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种定量判识原油热裂解程度的方法及其应用 |
| CN110658266B (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-08-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种定量识别原油裂解程度的方法 |
| US10723858B2 (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2020-07-28 | Greenmantra Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Method for purification of depolymerized polymers using supercritical fluid extraction |
| AU2019359896B2 (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2022-11-24 | Bolder Industries | System and method for pelletizing carbon black reclaimed from waste tires |
| CA3122101A1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | Bolder Industries | Clog prevention in a gas extraction system of a pyrolytic reactor |
| WO2020209419A1 (ko) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-15 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | 폴리염화비닐을 포함하는 플라스틱 혼합물 열분해의 염소 저감 장치 및 이를 이용한 폴리염화비닐 함유 플라스틱 혼합물 열분해의 염소를 저감시키는 방법 |
| WO2021087054A1 (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Eastman Chemical Company | Pyrolysis method and system for recycled waste |
| TWI744750B (zh) | 2019-12-23 | 2021-11-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 熱固型樹脂的降解方法、所使用的觸媒組合物及所得的樹脂組成物 |
| CN114250090B (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种环保型重质清洁船用燃料油的生产方法 |
Family Cites Families (92)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2652319A (en) * | 1949-01-03 | 1953-09-15 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for water-gas generation |
| US2738307A (en) * | 1951-04-09 | 1956-03-13 | Sinclair Refining Co | Hydrocracking of heavy oils |
| US2854496A (en) * | 1953-08-31 | 1958-09-30 | Houdry Process Corp | Process for the catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons and their derivatives |
| NL267291A (zh) * | 1959-05-14 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3025231A (en) * | 1959-06-03 | 1962-03-13 | Texaco Inc | Catalytic hydrogenation of heavy oils such as shale oil |
| US3179584A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-04-20 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Oil coking with increased hydrogen production |
| US3252773A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-05-24 | Pullman Inc | Gasification of carbonaceous fuels |
| US3164545A (en) * | 1962-12-26 | 1965-01-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Desulfurization process |
| US3417029A (en) * | 1963-04-05 | 1968-12-17 | Pullman Inc | Catalyst composition |
| GB1115122A (en) * | 1965-08-23 | 1968-05-29 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrotreatment of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
| CH456725A (de) * | 1967-03-17 | 1968-07-31 | Oerlikon Maschf | Flüssigkeitsarmer Leistungsschalter |
| US3488716A (en) * | 1967-10-03 | 1970-01-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for the removal of naphthenic acids from petroleum distillate fractions |
| US3679577A (en) * | 1968-11-29 | 1972-07-25 | Shell Oil Co | Molten salt hydrofining process |
| US3663431A (en) * | 1969-10-15 | 1972-05-16 | Union Oil Co | Two-phase hydrocarbon conversion system |
| US3622495A (en) * | 1970-01-22 | 1971-11-23 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Multiple-stage slurry processing for black oil conversion |
| US3759677A (en) * | 1970-05-05 | 1973-09-18 | Chevron Res | Catalytic synthesis gas manufacture |
| US3890432A (en) * | 1970-05-05 | 1975-06-17 | Chevron Res | Catalytic hydrogen manufacture |
| US3803023A (en) * | 1970-06-09 | 1974-04-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Steam gasification of coke |
| US3745109A (en) * | 1970-10-01 | 1973-07-10 | North American Rockwell | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
| US3712861A (en) * | 1970-10-19 | 1973-01-23 | Mobil Oil Corp | Upgrading a hydrocarbon utilizing a catalyst of metal sulfides dispersed in alumina |
| US3765851A (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1973-10-16 | Chervon Res Co | Gas production |
| US3730876A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1973-05-01 | A Sequeira | Production of naphthenic oils |
| US3816298A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1974-06-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
| US3740193A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1973-06-19 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrogen production by catalytic steam gasification of carbonaceous materials |
| US3715303A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1973-02-06 | Standard Oil Co | Hydrotreatment of fossil fuels |
| US3847797A (en) * | 1971-10-05 | 1974-11-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Visbreaking a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock in a regenerable molten medium |
| JPS5139645B2 (zh) * | 1972-12-30 | 1976-10-29 | ||
| US3862025A (en) * | 1973-01-02 | 1975-01-21 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Melt cracking for lubricating oils |
| US3960706A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-06-01 | Standard Oil Company | Process for upgrading a hydrocarbon fraction |
| US3923635A (en) * | 1974-06-17 | 1975-12-02 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Catalytic upgrading of heavy hydrocarbons |
| US4003824A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1977-01-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Desulfurization and hydroconversion of residua with sodium hydride and hydrogen |
| US4003823A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1977-01-18 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Combined desulfurization and hydroconversion with alkali metal hydroxides |
| US4067799A (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1978-01-10 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Hydroconversion process |
| US4119528A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1978-10-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Hydroconversion of residua with potassium sulfide |
| US4127470A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1978-11-28 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Hydroconversion with group IA, IIA metal compounds |
| CA1094492A (en) * | 1977-10-24 | 1981-01-27 | Ramaswami Ranganathan | Hydrocracking of heavy oils using iron coal catalyst |
| US4212729A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-07-15 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for demetallation and desulfurization of heavy hydrocarbons |
| GB2056478B (en) * | 1979-08-10 | 1983-03-02 | Coal Ind | Coal liquefaction process |
| US4357229A (en) * | 1979-11-01 | 1982-11-02 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Catalysts and hydrocarbon treating processes utilizing the same |
| US4336034A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1982-06-22 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Process for the catalytic gasification of coal |
| US4424110A (en) * | 1980-08-29 | 1984-01-03 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Hydroconversion process |
| US4438218A (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1984-03-20 | Alberta Oil Sands Technology And Research Authority | Catalyst for sulphur removal from hydrocarbons |
| US4500323A (en) * | 1981-08-26 | 1985-02-19 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the gasification of raw carboniferous materials |
| DE3222653C1 (de) * | 1982-06-16 | 1983-04-21 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Verfahren zum Umsetzen von kohlenstoffhaltigem Brennstoff zu einem brennbaren Produktgas |
| FR2528721B1 (fr) * | 1982-06-17 | 1986-02-28 | Pro Catalyse Ste Fse Prod Cata | Catalyseur supporte presentant une resistance accrue aux poisons et son utilisation en particulier pour l'hydrotraitement de fractions petrolieres contenant des metaux |
| US4437980A (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1984-03-20 | Rockwell International Corporation | Molten salt hydrotreatment process |
| US4886594A (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1989-12-12 | Amoco Corporation | Hydrotreating catalyst and process |
| JPS59132945A (ja) * | 1983-01-21 | 1984-07-31 | Shokubai Kasei Kogyo Kk | 重質炭化水素油の水素化処理方法 |
| US4592827A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1986-06-03 | Intevep, S.A. | Hydroconversion of heavy crudes with high metal and asphaltene content in the presence of soluble metallic compounds and water |
| US4587012A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1986-05-06 | Chevron Research Company | Process for upgrading hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks |
| FR2559497B1 (fr) * | 1984-02-10 | 1988-05-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion de residus petroliers lourds en hydrogene et hydrocarbures gazeux et distillables |
| US4844792A (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1989-07-04 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydroprocessing with a specific pore sized catalyst containing non-hydrolyzable halogen |
| US4670134A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-06-02 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalytic hydrofining of oil |
| US4992157A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1991-02-12 | Uop | Process for improving the color and color stability of hydrocarbon fraction |
| US5124027A (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1992-06-23 | Amoco Corporation | Multi-stage process for deasphalting resid, removing catalyst fines from decanted oil and apparatus therefor |
| US4992163A (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1991-02-12 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Cat cracking feed preparation |
| US5200060A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1993-04-06 | Amoco Corporation | Hydrotreating process using carbides and nitrides of group VIB metals |
| US5216149A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1993-06-01 | Midwest Research Institute | Controlled catalytic and thermal sequential pyrolysis and hydrolysis of mixed polymer waste streams to sequentially recover monomers or other high value products |
| US5171727A (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1992-12-15 | Uop | Method of preparing a catalyst for the hydroconversion of asphaltene-containing hydrocarbonaceous charge stocks |
| US5158982A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-27 | Iit Research Institute | Conversion of municipal waste to useful oils |
| US6172275B1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 2001-01-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for pyrolytically decomposing waste plastic |
| DE4243063C2 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1996-01-11 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pyrolytischen Zersetzung von Kunststoff, insbesondere von Kunststoffabfällen |
| US5322617A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-06-21 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Energy, Mines And Resources | Upgrading oil emulsions with carbon monoxide or synthesis gas |
| DE4234385A1 (de) * | 1992-10-06 | 1994-04-07 | Formex Trading Gmbh | Verfahren zur Pyrolyse von organischen Stoffen |
| US5296130A (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1994-03-22 | Energy Mines And Resources Canada | Hydrocracking of heavy asphaltenic oil in presence of an additive to prevent coke formation |
| US5358629A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-10-25 | Texaco Inc. | Hydroconversion process containing a molybdenum complex recovered from epoxidation of olefinic hydrocarbons |
| JP2717760B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-01 | 1998-02-25 | 仲道 山崎 | 加硫ゴムの油化方法 |
| DE4411483C2 (de) * | 1993-04-01 | 2002-10-24 | Nakamichi Yamasaki | Verfahren zur Entschwefelung von schwefelhaltigen Zusammensetzungen durch hydrothermale Reaktion |
| JP2906203B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-01 | 1999-06-14 | 仲道 山崎 | 超臨界域の水による加硫ゴムの油化方法 |
| JP2554007B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-01 | 1996-11-13 | 仲道 山崎 | 水熱反応による硫黄含有ゴム組成物の脱硫方法 |
| GB9412028D0 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1994-08-03 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Waste processing |
| NO303837B1 (no) * | 1994-08-29 | 1998-09-07 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | FremgangsmÕte for Õ fjerne hovedsakelig naftensyrer fra en hydrokarbonolje |
| JP3504984B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-19 | 2004-03-08 | 日本ケッチェン株式会社 | 重質炭化水素油の水素化脱硫脱金属触媒 |
| FR2758278B1 (fr) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-02-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur comprenant un sulfure mixte et utilisation en hydroraffinage et hydroconversion d'hydrocarbures |
| US6162350A (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2000-12-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Hydroprocessing using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts (HEN-9901) |
| US5928497A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-07-27 | Exxon Chemical Pateuts Inc | Heteroatom removal through countercurrent sorption |
| JP2001514299A (ja) * | 1997-08-29 | 2001-09-11 | エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | 原油の全酸価を低減させるためのプロセス |
| US5928502A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-07-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Process for reducing total acid number of crude oil |
| JP4283988B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-29 | 2009-06-24 | エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー | 原油の全酸価を低減させるためのプロセス |
| US5914030A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-06-22 | Exxon Research And Engineering. Co. | Process for reducing total acid number of crude oil |
| US5871636A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-02-16 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Catalytic reduction of acidity of crude oils in the absence of hydrogen |
| US5928501A (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-07-27 | Texaco Inc. | Process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil |
| FR2787040B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-01-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydrotraitement de charges hydrocarbonees dans un reacteur en lit bouillonnant |
| FR2787041B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-01-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur d'hydrotraitement de charges hydrocarbonees dans un reacteur a lit fixe |
| US6221329B1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2001-04-24 | Svedala Industries, Inc. | Pyrolysis process for reclaiming desirable materials from vehicle tires |
| CN1137245C (zh) * | 1999-04-10 | 2004-02-04 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 一种烃类脱砷催化剂及其制备方法 |
| US6554994B1 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2003-04-29 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Upflow reactor system with layered catalyst bed for hydrotreating heavy feedstocks |
| AU2001284027A1 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for effecting ultra-deep hds of hydrocarbon feedstocks |
| US6547957B1 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2003-04-15 | Texaco, Inc. | Process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil |
| US7384537B2 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2008-06-10 | Jgc Corporation | Refined oil and process for producing the same |
| CN1132909C (zh) * | 2001-01-05 | 2003-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种重质烃类进料加氢改质的方法 |
| CN1173012C (zh) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-10-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种柴油深度脱硫脱芳烃的方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037879.1A patent/CN101094909A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037890.8A patent/CN1894383B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037835.9A patent/CN1894386A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037794.3A patent/CN1894374A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037876.8A patent/CN100549136C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037918.8A patent/CN1894371A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037837.8A patent/CN1894387B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037891.2A patent/CN1894370B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037834.4A patent/CN1894388A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037859.4A patent/CN1894380B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037917.3A patent/CN1965061B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037838.2A patent/CN1894377A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037919.2A patent/CN1894372A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037886.1A patent/CN1894369A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037893.1A patent/CN1922291B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037814.7A patent/CN100549134C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037864.5A patent/CN1894381A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037878.7A patent/CN1894368A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037892.7A patent/CN1922289B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037829.3A patent/CN1894367A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037852.2A patent/CN1894379B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037788.8A patent/CN100549132C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200910166781.0A patent/CN101624543A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037836.3A patent/CN1894376A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037889.5A patent/CN1894382B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037832.5A patent/CN1894385A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037846.7A patent/CN1894378B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037798.1A patent/CN1894375B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037895.0A patent/CN1922290B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037894.6A patent/CN1894384B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037851.8A patent/CN100549135C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037927.7A patent/CN100549137C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037795.8A patent/CN100549133C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-16 CN CN200480037925.8A patent/CN1894373B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-17 JP JP2006545536A patent/JP2007517932A/ja active Pending
- 2004-12-17 WO PCT/US2004/042688 patent/WO2005061672A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-12-17 EP EP04814826A patent/EP1704203A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-17 CA CA002558837A patent/CA2558837A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-17 AU AU2004303881A patent/AU2004303881A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-17 US US11/014,932 patent/US20050148487A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-01-14 TW TW094101140A patent/TW200624472A/zh unknown
-
2006
- 2006-05-26 ZA ZA200604285A patent/ZA200604285B/en unknown
- 2006-05-26 ZA ZA200604284A patent/ZA200604284B/en unknown
- 2006-06-02 ZA ZA200604525A patent/ZA200604525B/en unknown
- 2006-06-02 ZA ZA200604526A patent/ZA200604526B/xx unknown
- 2006-06-06 ZA ZA200604611A patent/ZA200604611B/xx unknown
- 2006-06-06 ZA ZA200604573A patent/ZA200604573B/en unknown
- 2006-06-06 ZA ZA200604610A patent/ZA200604610B/xx unknown
-
2009
- 2009-02-02 AU AU2009200361A patent/AU2009200361A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ZA200604284B (en) | Method of decomposition polymer | |
| CA2559839C (en) | Systems and methods of producing a crude product | |
| MX2008016078A (es) | Metodo para obtener un producto crudo a partir de una fuente seleccionada. | |
| MX2008016075A (es) | Metodos para la obtencion de un producto total con minimo consumo de hidrogeno. |