ZA200508707B - Solid pest control system - Google Patents
Solid pest control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200508707B ZA200508707B ZA200508707A ZA200508707A ZA200508707B ZA 200508707 B ZA200508707 B ZA 200508707B ZA 200508707 A ZA200508707 A ZA 200508707A ZA 200508707 A ZA200508707 A ZA 200508707A ZA 200508707 B ZA200508707 B ZA 200508707B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- copolymer
- fatty acid
- active agent
- low melting
- ethylene
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenvalerate Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000490 permethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N permethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N (+)-trans-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-CABCVRRESA-N (1,3-dioxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoindol-2-yl)methyl (1r,3r)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OCN1C(=O)C(CCCC2)=C2C1=O CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OBDKTQFLFFCZBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(cyclohepten-1-yl)-2-octylcycloheptene Chemical compound C1CCCCC(CCCCCCCC)=C1C1=CCCCCC1 OBDKTQFLFFCZBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 102130-98-3 Natural products CC=CCC1=C(C)[C@H](CC1=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@H](C=C(C)C)C1(C)C FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KXPXKNBDCUOENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(Octylthio)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSCCO KXPXKNBDCUOENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XNYGOEGATLFFOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5a,6,9,9a,9b-hexahydro-1h-dibenzofuran-4a-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C12CC=CCC2OC2(C=O)C1CC=CC2 XNYGOEGATLFFOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonyl ether Chemical compound C1=C(CCC)C(COCCOCCOCCCC)=CC2=C1OCO2 FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019499 Citrus oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005946 Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MMOXZBCLCQITDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1 MMOXZBCLCQITDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VXSIXFKKSNGRRO-MXOVTSAMSA-N [(1s)-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-[(2z)-penta-2,4-dienyl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl] (1r,3r)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate;[(1s)-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-[(2z)-penta-2,4-dienyl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl] (1r,3r)-3-[(e)-3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl Chemical class CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1.CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VXSIXFKKSNGRRO-MXOVTSAMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940024113 allethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002903 benzyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950002373 bioresmethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N bioresmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005286 carbaryl Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CVXBEEMKQHEXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbaryl Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC(=O)NC)=CC=CC2=C1 CVXBEEMKQHEXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010632 citronella oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010500 citrus oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N cyhalothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-UNOMPAQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005424 cypermethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002483 decamethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004118 dimethylcarbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- VGQLNJWOULYVFV-SPJNRGJMSA-N dimethylcarbate Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C=C[C@@H]1[C@H](C(=O)OC)[C@@H]2C(=O)OC VGQLNJWOULYVFV-SPJNRGJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class C=C.OC(=O)C=C QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JCLHQFUTFHUXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl biscoumacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(C(C=3C(OC4=CC=CC=C4C=3O)=O)C(=O)OCC)=C(O)C2=C1 JCLHQFUTFHUXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZWDZJRRQSXLOQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-phenylacetamide Chemical compound CCCCN(C(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZWDZJRRQSXLOQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940070846 pyrethrins Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940108410 resmethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-FIWHBWSRSA-N resmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-FIWHBWSRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N tetrachlorvinphos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)O\C(=C/Cl)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005199 tetramethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950001327 dichlorvos Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- IITCWRFYJWUUPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCC)N=C1 IITCWRFYJWUUPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BUYMVQAILCEWRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N naled Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC(Br)C(Cl)(Cl)Br BUYMVQAILCEWRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006001 Methyl nonyl ketone Substances 0.000 claims 2
- KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Undecanal Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=O KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013020 final formulation Substances 0.000 claims 2
- KYWIYKKSMDLRDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)=O KYWIYKKSMDLRDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LVPMIMZXDYBCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocinchomeronic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)N=C1 LVPMIMZXDYBCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 6
- NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyriproxyfen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1OC(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FJDPATXIBIBRIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyphenothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 FJDPATXIBIBRIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhoden Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)C ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- FJDPATXIBIBRIM-QFMSAKRMSA-N (1R)-trans-cyphenothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 FJDPATXIBIBRIM-QFMSAKRMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003345 Elvax® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000257226 Muscidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYUJRXVZSJCHDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RYUJRXVZSJCHDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282324 Felis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003347 Microthene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001674048 Phthiraptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005927 Pyriproxyfen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001481696 Rhipicephalus sanguineus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N dexamethasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CO)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FFNMBRCFFADNAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pirenzepine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[Cl-].[Cl-].C1CN(C)CCN1CC(=O)N1C2=NC=CC=C2NC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C21 FFNMBRCFFADNAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001062 red colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
SOLID PEST CONTROL SYSTEM
The present invention is directed to a pest control system comprising a low melting point polymer or copolymer, high levels of a solid fatty acid, and active compounds to produce a solid slow release generator of the active compounds.
It is well known that high molecular weight fatty acids such as stearic acid will bloom to the surface when compounded into a plastic matrix. Stearic acid is used in polymers as a process lubricant and an anti-block agent because of this property. 1s However, when more than one to two percent of stearic acid is used with a conventional polymer, the compound becomes very difficult or impossible to process on conventional equipment such as an extruder or injection molding machine. This is due to the vast differences in melting points of stearic acid and the polymers plus the incompatibility between the two materials. The stearic acid lubricates to the extent that the compound simply turns in the barrel of the extruder or molding machine. If a low melt polymer conventional pellet is used, the same incompatibility is demonstrated when higher levels (above about 2%) of stearic acid is used.
It has now been discovered that by using small granules, small irregularly shaped particles or powder form of a low melting-point polymer, one is able to obtain a polymeric system containing high levels of a solid fatty acid, such as stearic acid.
More particularly, the present invention is directed to a pest control system comprising a pest control formulation comprising a low melting polymer or copolymer (that is, a polymer or copolymer having a melt temperature of below 250°F (121°C), preferably below 200°F (93°C)), high levels of a solid fatty acid, and one or more active agents to produce a solid slow release generator of the active agents. "High levels of a solid fatty acid" is defined as from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, preferably from about 15
Wt% to about 30 wt%, of the total formulation. The system is useful for making articles 3s such as animal collars, ear tags, pest strips or blocks, and the like, for releasing the active agent from the article over an extended or prolonged period of ime. An “extended or prolonged period of time” is defined as a period of activity longer than the period of activity exhibited by the raw active ingredient alone.
The present invention is further directed to a method for preparing a polymeric pest control system comprising high levels of a solid fatty acid, the method comprising combining an active agent with from about 5 wit% to about 50 wt% of the solid fatty acid, heating the combination to a liquid state, and then adding the combination to granules of small irregularly shaped particles of, or powder of a low melting polymer or copolymer to make a dry blend. This dry blend may then be processed into a shape on a conventional extruder or molding machine at low temperatures. The resulting active agent generator is formed by extrusion or molding the mix into any desired shape such as a flea and tick collar for animals, a film covering for preventing bacteria or fungal growth on beds, etc.
As used herein, "a" and "an" mean one or more, unless otherwise indicated.
The "fatty acid" or "solid fatty acid" useful in the present invention is any fatty acid of from about 16 to about 36 carbon atoms which is a solid at room temperature.
Such fatty acids include, but are not limited to, stearic, palmitic, margaric , nonadecanoic, arachidic, heneicosanoic, dehenic, tricosanoic, tetracosanoic, pentacosanoic, cerotic fatty acids and mixtures thereof. The solid fatty acid is present in the formulation of the invention in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt%, preferably from about 15 wt% to about 30 wt%.
The "low melting polymer or copolymer” is selected from those polymers or copolymers having a melt temperature of below 250°F (121°C), preferably below 200°F (93°C). Examples of polymers and copolymers useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, ethylene acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene acrylates, polyurethanes, styrene-butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, and mixtures and copolymers thereof. In order to obtain compatibility with the solid fatty acid and to improve processing of the formulation in conventional equipment, the polymer or copolymer is used, partially or wholly, in the form of granules, small irregularly shaped particles or powder. Conventional peliets of polymers are very difficult to work with in this invention and can only constitute a small percentage (no greater than about 15 wt% and preferably below about 10 wi%) of the total amount of polymer or copolymer, if they are used at all. The low melting polymer or copolymer is present in the formulation of the invention in an amount of from about 40 wt% to about 80 wt%, preferably from about 50 wt% to about 70 wt%, of which at least about 40 wt% is in s the form of granules, small irregularly shaped particles or powder.
The pest control active agent may be an insecticide, bactericide, fungicide, acaricide, attractant, repellent, any other biologically active ingredient that is compatible with the other components of the pest control system and mixtures thereof.
In one presently preferred embodiment, the active agent is chosen from any active agent known to be useful in the control of insect or acarid pests. Exemplary pesticides and repellents which are effective against hom fiies, face flies, stable flies, house flies, mosquitoes, lice, ticks, and mites are bioresmethrin, permethrin, tetramethrin, cypermethrin, decamethrin, pyrethrins, resmethrin, cyhalothrin, allethrin, dichlorvos, carbaryl, naled, citrus oils, citronella oil, pine oil, stirofos, fenvalerate, stabilene, benzyl benzoate, methyl nony! ketone, N-butylacetanilide, di-n-propyl isocinchomeronate, 2-octylthioethanol, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, N,N- diethyl-m-toluamide, and 2,3:4,5-bis (2-butylene)-tetrahydro-2-furfural and mixtures thereof. Many of these active ingredients are effective both as a pesticide and as a repellent, and the activity of many is enhanced by the inclusion of a synergist.
Especially preferred synergists include piperonyl butoxide and N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide. The active agent may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature.
To prepare pest control systems according to the invention, the pest control active agent and the solid fatty acid are mixed together at a predetermined ratio, with the proviso that the fatty acid is present at a high level. Generally, the amount of fatty acid in the formulation should be at least about 5 wt%, preferably at least about 15 wt%. The active agent/fatty acid mixture is then heated to a liquid state and added to granules of, small irregularly shaped particles of, or powder form of a low melting polymer or copolymer to make a dry blend. This dry blend formulation may then be processed into a shaped article, such as a pet collar or an ear tag or the like, on a conventional extruder or molding machine at low temperatures (that is, at temperatures that will melt the low melting polymer or copolymer, which is generally below about 250° F (121°C)) by methods known in the art.
If processing of the shaped article takes place at higher temperatures, the article should be cooled to room temperature as quickly as possible. In some cases when the article is not quickly cooled, there is excessive bloom on the surface, which can flake off. When this happens, the article can be annealed at 140°F (60°C) as a post operation to prevent the excessive bloom.
Additional components may optionally be included in the pest control system of the invention. Such optional ingredients can include, but are not limited to, plasticizers, synergists, fragrances, coloring agents, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers, and the like.
After being processed into the desired shape, the active agent will, together with the solid fatty acid, bloom to the surface of the article, making the active agent available to an environment, such as an animal for example, for pest control purposes, such as, for example, the control of insects and/or acarids on the animal. The fatty acid / active agent combination blooms to the surface and stops until a part of the surface material is removed. When the surface material is removed, it is replaced by more of the combination of the fatty acid / active agent from the inter-matrix of the plastic.
The following examples illustrate the practice of the present invention. Parts are given as percentages and temperature in degrees Fahrenheit unless otherwise noted.
EXAMPLE 1:
The formulation in Table 1 is prepared, and is then formed into an insecticidal dog collar, as follows:
—— ern _ TABE®
Ingredients: Percentages: d-cyphenothrin (Gokilaht) Tech. 16.6
Safflower Oil 5.0
Stearic Acid 20.0
Polymer MU 760-00 59.3
Blaze Orange T-15 colorant 0.1
Sources:
Gokilaht (d-cyphenothrin; synthetic pyrethroid) Technical —- MGK Company.
Microthene® Polymer MU 760-00 (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ground powder, melt index: 32 (EMI), particle size: 35 mesh) — Equistar Chemicals, LP.
Colorant — Day Glow Color Corp
Mixing Procedure: 1. The Gokilaht, safflower oil and stearic acid are weighed together. Heat is applied and the mixture brought to a liquid state at 165 °F (74°C). 2. The polymer is weighed and placed into a mixing vessel. 3. The liquid active agent/stearic acid mixture is slowly added to the polymer while mixing. 4. The Blaze Orange is then added and the resulting blend is allowed to cool to room temperature.
The blend is then extruded or molded into the shape desired, which, in this Example was a dog collar.
These coliars were subjected to efficacy evaluation against fleas and ticks.
The tests consisted of a treated group of three dogs (one collar per dog) and a control group of three untreated dogs. The dogs were chosen from random breed adult dogs of mixed sexes and with reasonably uniform haircoat types, and the dogs were individually housed, fed and maintained. The dogs were treated once on day 0 by buckling the test collar around the dogs' necks, leaving at least space for 2 fingers.
The dogs were infested with fleas (Ctenocephales felis) and ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) on the day before treatment and then re-infested weekly thereafter, each re-infestation to be made approximately 24 hours before the first of the next series of flea and tick counts. Flea and tick timed finger counts were performed at 24 and 48 s hours after treatment and at 24 hours after each re-infestation. Comb counts, by removing and discarding all fleas and ticks, were performed at 72 hours after treatment and after each re-infestation.
The resuits are presented in Tables I-A and I-B below:
Pe eo Las aa Saal Sa aan aa
TABLE I-A
Three-Dog Group Mean Efficacy Against Fleas
Day % Efficacy 1 53 2 71 3 86 7 79 9 85 14 76 16 87 21 91 23 96 28 79 94 84 37 91 43 84 30 45 91
A Sn T= Y=
TABLEI-B
Three-Dog Group Mean Efficacy Against Ticks
J
Day % Efficacy 1 70 2 74 3 76 7 80 9 84 14 90 16 91 21 95 23 96 28 97 30 95 35 91 37 95 43 98 45 99
EXAMPLE 2:
The formulation in Table 2 is prepared, following the procedures of Example 1:
TABLE 2 ingredients: Percentages:
Propoxur (Sendran) Tech. 15.60
Nylar, 97% acitve 0.7
Safflower Oil 10.0
Stearic Acid 20.0
Polymer MU 760-00 58.6
Rocket Red colorant 0.1
Sources:
Sendran (2-isopropoxyphenyl-N-methylcarbamate) Technical — Bayer, Inc.
Nylar® comprises approximately 50% by weight pyriproxyfen and approximately 50% by weight com oil and is available from MGK Company.
EXAMPLE 3:
The formulation in Table 3 is prepared, following the procedures of Example 1: a ————e
TABLES =
Ingredients: Percentages:
Permethrin Tech. 15.6
Nylar, 97% active 0.7
Safflower Oil 5.0
Stearic Acid 20.0
Polymer MU 760-00 58.6
Blue Pigment R6BL9019 0.1
Sources:
Permethrin Technical - MGK Company.
The material of the above formulation was subjected to a weigh loss test to ascertain if the non-polymer materials would release from the polymer matrix. The test consisted of extruding the material into dog collars, weighing the collars, wiping the surface of the collars with a clean paper towel and reweighing. The weight difference from each wiping demonstrates the weight ioss as it might happen in actual use. A commercial cat pest control collar was similarly tested, as a comparison.
While the weight loss of the collar of this invention was lower overall than that of the commercial collar, it followed the same profile of continuous loss over the course of the 25-day study. Also, while it was impossible in this study to ascertain the percent of active agents being released by the wipe test, visual observations show that the released material was a mixture of the oil phase materials and stearic acid.
EXAMPLE 4.
The formulation in Table 4 is prepared, and is then formed into an insecticidal dog collar, as follows:
I ———
TABLE 4
Ingredients: Percentages: d-cyphenothrin (Gokilaht) Tech. 14.2
Phosflex 390 5.1
Stearic Acid 6.4
Nylar, 98.8% active 0.6
Polymer MU 760-00 53.7
Elvax 150 10.0 -
Sources:
Phosflex 390 (isodiphenyl phosphate) — Akzo Nobel.
Elvax (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; conventional pellets) — DuPont.
Mixing Procedure: 1. The Gokilaht, phosflex, stearic acid and Nylar are weighed and added to a heatable mixing vessel. The materials are heated to 165 °F (74°C) and mixed until a honogenous solution is achieved. 2. The MU 760-00 and the Elvax 150 polymers are weighed, placed into a mixing vessel and blended to uniformity. 3. While the polymers are mixing, the heated liquid active agent/stearic acid mixture is sprayed onto the polymers. Mixing continued until the mass reached room temperature. 4. The liquids should be applied to the polymer powder while the polymers are being mixed, so as not to cause large lumps to form. This should be done far enough in advance of extrusion (generally about 24 hours is sufficient) so that the liquids can solidify and a free-flowing powder is achieved.
The resulting formulation was extruded into dog collars. The Extrusion Profile is: is Extruder: Prodex 2: inch; PE Screw 24/1 single stage; Screw rpm = 30.
Zone temperatures: #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Gate Die off off off 205 205 195 195
Screen Pack: 1-40 2-80
Collar dimensions and weight: 1 in. x 0.513 in. x 0.109 in. - 0.748 grams; oval shape.
Thus there has been shown and described a novel solid pest control system and methods for synthesizing and using the same which fulfill all the objects and advantages sought therefore. It is apparent to those skilled in the art, however, that many changes, variations, modifications and other uses and applications for the subject method and composition are possible, and also such changes, variations, modifications and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow. “Comprises/comprising” when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components or groups thereof. 10 AMENDED SHEET
Claims (31)
1. A polymeric formulation comprising from about 40 wt% to about 80 wt% of a low melting polymer or copolymer, from about 5 wit% to about 50 wt% of a solid fatty acid, and one or more active agents.
2. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 which comprises from about 40 wt% to about 80 wt% of low melting polymer or copolymer originally in the form of granules, small irregularly shaped particles or powder, and from zero to about 15 wt% of low melting polymer or copolymer originally in the form of conventional pellets, with the proviso that the total amount of low melting polymer or copolymer in the formulation is no greater than about 80 wt%.
3. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the low melting 1s polymer or copolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, ethylene acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene acrylates, polyurethanes, styrene-butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, and mixtures and copolymers thereof.
4. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the low melting polymer or copolymer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
5. The polymeric formulation according to claim 2 wherein the low melting polymer or copolymer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
6. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the solid fatty acid is any fatty acid from about 16 to about 36 carbon atoms and solid at room temperature.
7. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the solid fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of stearic, palmitic, margaric , nonadecanoic, arachidic, heneicosanoic, dehenic, tricosanoic, tetracosanoic, pentacosanoic, cerotic fatty acids and mixtures thereof.
8. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the solid fatty acid is stearic acid.
9. The polymeric formulation according to claim 4 wherein the solid fatty acid is stearic acid. 5s
10. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the active agent is selected from those that are useful in the control of insect or acarid pests.
11. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of insecticides, bactericides, fungicides, acaricides, attractants, repellents, biologically active ingredients and mixtures thereof.
12. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of bioresmethrin, permethrin, tetramethrin, cypermethrin, decamethrin, pyrethrins, resmethrin, cyhalothrin, allethrin, dichlorvos, carbaryl, naled, citrus oils, citronella oil, pine oil, stirofos, fenvalerate, stabilene, benzyl benzoate, methyl nonyl ketone, N-butylacetanilide, di-n-propy! isocinchomeronate, 2- octylthioethanol, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, and 2,3:4,5-bis (2-butylene)-tetrahydro-2-furfural and mixtures thereof.
13. The polymeric formulation according to claim 1 which further comprises an active agent synergist.
14. The polymeric formulation according to claim 13, wherein the active agent synergist is selected from the group consisting of piperonyl butoxide and N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide.
15. A method for synthesizing a polymeric pest control system, the method comprising: mixing together at least one active agent and a solid fatty acid, the solid fatty acid being in an amount of from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt% of the final formulation; heating the active agent/fatty acid mixture to a liquid state; adding the active agent/fatty acid mixture to a low melting polymer or copolymer to make a dry blend, the polymer or copolymer being in an amount of from about 40 wt% to about 80 wit% of the final formulation; and processing or forming the dry blend into the shape of the pest control system. s
16. The method according to claim 15 wherein the polymer or copolymer is in an amount of from about 40 wt% to about 80 wit% in the form of granules, small irregularly shaped particles or powder, and from zero to about 15 wt% of low melting polymer or copolymer in the form of conventional pellets, with the proviso that the total amount of low melting polymer or copolymer in the formulation is no greater than about 80 wt%.
17. The method according to claim 15 wherein the low melting polymer or copolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, ethylene acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene acrylates, polyurethanes, styrene-butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, and mixtures and copolymers thereof.
18. The method according to claim 15 wherein the low melting polymer or copolymer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
19. The method according to claim 15 wherein the solid fatty acid is any fatty acid from about 16 to about 36 carbon atoms and solid at room temperature.
20. The method according to claim 15 wherein the solid fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of stearic, palmitic, margaric nonadecanoic, arachidic, heneicosanoic, dehenic, tricosanoic, tetracosanoic, pentacosanoic, cerotic fatty acids and mixtures thereof.
21. The method according to claim 15 wherein the solid fatty acid is stearic acid.
22. The method according to claim 18 wherein the solid fatty acid is stearic acid.
23. The method according to claim 15 wherein the active agent is selected from those that are useful in the control of insect or acarid pests.
24. The polymerc-formulation method according to claim 15 wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of insecticides, bactericides, fungicides, acaricides, attractants, repellents, biologically active ingredients and mixtures thereof.
25. The polymerc-formulation method according to claim 15 wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of bioresmethrin, permethrin, tetramethrin, cypermethrin, decamethrin, pyrethrins, resmethrin, cyhalothrin, allethrin, dichiorvos, carbaryl, naled, citrus oils, citronella oil, pine oil, stirofos, fenvalerate, stabilene, benzyl benzoate, methyl nonyl ketone, N-butylacetanilide, di-n-propyl isocinchomeronate, 2- octylthioethanol, dimethyl carbate, dimethyl phthalate, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, and 2,3:4,5-bis (2-butylene)-tetrahydro-2-furfural and mixtures thereof.
26. The method according to claim 15 which further comprises adding an active agent synergist to the active agent/fatty acid mixture.
27. The polymeric-formulation method according to claim 26, wherein the active agent synergist is selected from the group consisting of piperonyl butoxide and N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide.
28. The pest control system comprising a polymeric formulation according to claim
1.
29. The pest control system according to claim 28 which is selected from the group consisting of animal collars, ear tags, pest strips, pest blocks. and film coverings.
30. The pest control system which is an animal collar comprising ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt% of stearic acid, and from about 40 wt% to about 80 wt% of low-melting polymer or copolymer.
31. The method for releasing an active agent into an environment over an extended period of time, the method comprising placing a pest control system into the environment, wherein the pest control system comprises a polymeric formulation according to claim 1. 14 AMENDED SHEET
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US45868203P | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ZA200508707B true ZA200508707B (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=35464382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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ZA200508707A ZA200508707B (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2005-10-27 | Solid pest control system |
Country Status (3)
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EP (1) | EP1613154A4 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200500006A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200508707B (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PH11607A (en) * | 1974-02-07 | 1978-04-12 | Dow Chemical Co | A process of incorporating a phosphorothioate into solid thermoplastic polymers |
DE3039882A1 (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-05-27 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Ectoparasiticide-containing polyurethane |
FR2649584A1 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-18 | Arrigoni Patrice | New process for the production of devices adapted to the protection of domestic animals and device thus produced |
NZ286944A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1998-08-26 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Resin composition containing a biocide and a vapourisable plasticiser; shaped forms |
-
2004
- 2004-03-26 TW TW093108278A patent/TW200500006A/en unknown
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EP1613154A4 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
EP1613154A2 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
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