ZA200101831B - Process for the production of olefins. - Google Patents
Process for the production of olefins. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200101831B ZA200101831B ZA200101831A ZA200101831A ZA200101831B ZA 200101831 B ZA200101831 B ZA 200101831B ZA 200101831 A ZA200101831 A ZA 200101831A ZA 200101831 A ZA200101831 A ZA 200101831A ZA 200101831 B ZA200101831 B ZA 200101831B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- oxygen
- reaction
- feed stream
- hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 48
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000502 Li-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JYLMMZCUGDOOEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane ethene methane Chemical compound C.CC.C=C JYLMMZCUGDOOEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 metal oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
- C07C5/48—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/14—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of germanium, tin or lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/42—Platinum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/44—Palladium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/72—Copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9819603.3A GB9819603D0 (en) | 1998-09-08 | 1998-09-08 | Process for the production of olefins |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200101831B true ZA200101831B (en) | 2002-06-05 |
Family
ID=10838545
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200101831A ZA200101831B (en) | 1998-09-08 | 2001-03-05 | Process for the production of olefins. |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6433234B1 (es) |
| EP (1) | EP1112241B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2002524582A (es) |
| KR (1) | KR20010079766A (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1213971C (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE232846T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU754209B2 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2343272C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ2001835A3 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69905473T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2193745T3 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB9819603D0 (es) |
| HU (1) | HUP0103946A3 (es) |
| ID (1) | ID28378A (es) |
| NO (1) | NO20011160L (es) |
| PL (1) | PL346497A1 (es) |
| RU (1) | RU2209202C2 (es) |
| TR (1) | TR200100686T2 (es) |
| UA (1) | UA56344C2 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2000014036A1 (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200101831B (es) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0010693D0 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2000-06-28 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of olefins |
| GB0017173D0 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2000-08-30 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of olefins |
| US7303606B2 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2007-12-04 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Oxy-fuel combustion process |
| GB0229497D0 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-01-22 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of olefins |
| GB0311774D0 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2003-06-25 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Production of olefins |
| GB0312093D0 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2003-07-02 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of olefins |
| GB0312966D0 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2003-07-09 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of olefins |
| US7074977B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2006-07-11 | Conocophillips Company | Reactor and process for converting alkanes to alkenes |
| US7381230B2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2008-06-03 | Conocophillips Company | Reactor and process for making synthesis gas |
| US20080177117A1 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-07-24 | Abraham Benderly | Integrated catalytic process for converting alkanes to alkenes and catalysts useful for same |
| US8790546B2 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2014-07-29 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Solid fuel volatilization to produce synthesis gas |
| US8349289B2 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2013-01-08 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Reactive flash volatilization of fluid fuels |
| MX2008015540A (es) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-06-26 | Rohm Ahd Haas Company | Un proceso integrado para preparar un acido carboxilico a partir de un alcano. |
| EP2143704A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-13 | Rohm and Haas Company | An integrated process for preparing a carboxylic acid from an alkane |
| US8105972B2 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-01-31 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Catalysts for the conversion of paraffins to olefins and use thereof |
| US8105971B2 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-01-31 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Process for making catalysts useful for the conversion of paraffins to olefins |
| US8519210B2 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2013-08-27 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Process for producing ethylene via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane |
| US20100326610A1 (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-12-30 | Harvey J Todd | System and method for continuously treating biomass |
| CN109153621A (zh) | 2016-02-26 | 2019-01-04 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 烷烃氧化脱氢(odh) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4264435A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1981-04-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Crude oil cracking using partial combustion gases |
| JPS59159887A (ja) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 炭化水素からオレフインを製造するための熱分解法 |
| JPS601138A (ja) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 炭化水素からオレフイン、および芳香族炭化水素を選択的に製造するための熱分解法 |
| GB8805447D0 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1988-04-07 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Chemical process |
| GB9117216D0 (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1991-09-25 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Process for the production of mono-olefins |
| GB9217685D0 (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1992-09-30 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Process for the production of mono-olefins |
| GB9421734D0 (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1994-12-14 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
-
1998
- 1998-09-08 GB GBGB9819603.3A patent/GB9819603D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 UA UA2001042369A patent/UA56344C2/uk unknown
- 1999-09-07 JP JP2000568796A patent/JP2002524582A/ja active Pending
- 1999-09-07 EP EP99944693A patent/EP1112241B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-07 CZ CZ2001835A patent/CZ2001835A3/cs unknown
- 1999-09-07 AT AT99944693T patent/ATE232846T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-07 CN CNB998126926A patent/CN1213971C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-07 TR TR2001/00686T patent/TR200100686T2/xx unknown
- 1999-09-07 ID IDW20010553A patent/ID28378A/id unknown
- 1999-09-07 HU HU0103946A patent/HUP0103946A3/hu unknown
- 1999-09-07 DE DE69905473T patent/DE69905473T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-07 PL PL99346497A patent/PL346497A1/xx unknown
- 1999-09-07 RU RU2001108533/04A patent/RU2209202C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-07 AU AU57514/99A patent/AU754209B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-09-07 KR KR1020017003002A patent/KR20010079766A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-07 WO PCT/GB1999/002965 patent/WO2000014036A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-07 CA CA002343272A patent/CA2343272C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-07 ES ES99944693T patent/ES2193745T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-09-11 US US09/659,510 patent/US6433234B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-05 ZA ZA200101831A patent/ZA200101831B/en unknown
- 2001-03-07 NO NO20011160A patent/NO20011160L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000014036A1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| KR20010079766A (ko) | 2001-08-22 |
| CA2343272C (en) | 2009-01-27 |
| ATE232846T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
| TR200100686T2 (tr) | 2001-06-21 |
| EP1112241B1 (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| HUP0103946A2 (hu) | 2002-02-28 |
| US6433234B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
| AU5751499A (en) | 2000-03-27 |
| EP1112241A1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
| NO20011160D0 (no) | 2001-03-07 |
| HUP0103946A3 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
| CN1324337A (zh) | 2001-11-28 |
| CZ2001835A3 (cs) | 2001-09-12 |
| ES2193745T3 (es) | 2003-11-01 |
| JP2002524582A (ja) | 2002-08-06 |
| GB9819603D0 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| AU754209B2 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
| PL346497A1 (en) | 2002-02-11 |
| CA2343272A1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| DE69905473D1 (de) | 2003-03-27 |
| NO20011160L (no) | 2001-05-08 |
| UA56344C2 (uk) | 2003-05-15 |
| ID28378A (id) | 2001-05-17 |
| DE69905473T2 (de) | 2003-07-24 |
| CN1213971C (zh) | 2005-08-10 |
| RU2209202C2 (ru) | 2003-07-27 |
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