WO2025263283A1 - 蒸着マスク及び、電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
蒸着マスク及び、電子デバイスの製造方法Info
- Publication number
- WO2025263283A1 WO2025263283A1 PCT/JP2025/019839 JP2025019839W WO2025263283A1 WO 2025263283 A1 WO2025263283 A1 WO 2025263283A1 JP 2025019839 W JP2025019839 W JP 2025019839W WO 2025263283 A1 WO2025263283 A1 WO 2025263283A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- deposition
- deposition mask
- opening
- protrusion
- membrane
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
- H10K71/166—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using selective deposition, e.g. using a mask
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
- C23C14/042—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks using masks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/12—Organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
- H10K71/164—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using vacuum deposition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a deposition mask and a method for manufacturing an electronic device.
- vapor deposition masks are known that are used to paint the three colors RGB when producing organic EL displays.
- Patent Document 1 describes a deposition mask in which a mask pattern is formed on a silicon layer, and discloses that the mask pattern is formed by etching.
- Patent Document 2 describes a deposition mask having a large number of pixel openings, and discloses that the pixel openings are formed by etching.
- the uneven shape of the sidewall of the opening causes deposition material to accumulate on the sidewall, resulting in a deterioration in the pattern dimensions of the deposited film.
- the present invention aims to provide a deposition mask capable of depositing a vapor deposition film with excellent pattern dimensions, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device using the deposition mask.
- the vapor deposition mask of this embodiment has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, and is formed with a plurality of openings penetrating between the first surface and the second surface, and is characterized in that a protrusion extending from the first surface to the second surface is formed on the side wall surface of the opening, and the protrusion ratio of the protrusion to the opening width of the opening is 0.001 or more and 0.018 or less.
- the present invention by controlling the protrusion ratio of the protrusions formed on the sidewall surfaces of the openings in the deposition mask, it is possible to stably form a deposition film with excellent pattern dimensions. Furthermore, the frequency of cleaning the deposition mask can be reduced, making it easier to control the quality of the deposition mask. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of clogging of the openings, thereby extending the life of the deposition mask.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a deposition mask according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of a side wall surface seen by cutting through the opening.
- FIG. 4A is an SEM image showing the standard for measuring the protrusion dimension of the protrusion portion
- FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- FIG. 5A is an SEM photograph showing an enlarged portion of the opening
- FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- 6A to 6E are schematic diagrams for explaining a method for calculating the opening width.
- FIG. 7A is an SEM image of the sidewall surface of the opening
- FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- FIG. 10 is an image diagram showing deposition of a deposition material on a side wall surface of an opening.
- 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a vapor deposition mask according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 1A to 1C are process diagrams illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a vapor deposition mask according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing an electronic device using the vapor deposition mask of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a deposition mask according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a deposition mask according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a deposition mask according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a deposition mask according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional
- Vapor deposition masks used for painting different colors of RGB in the production of OLED displays are known, and there is a growing need for vapor deposition masks for painting different colors of RGB.
- the deposition mask has multiple openings that correspond to the deposited film, and the accuracy of the openings in the deposition mask is important for improving the pattern dimensions of the deposited film.
- the deposition mask is placed between the substrate to be deposited and the deposition source, and the deposition material passes from the deposition source through the openings in the deposition mask and reaches the surface of the substrate to be deposited. If the deposition material accumulates on the sidewalls of the openings, the opening width becomes narrower than the actual width, making it difficult to form a deposition film with excellent pattern dimensions.
- Figure 8 shows an image of deposition material 12 being deposited on the side wall surface 52 of an opening 51 formed in a membrane 50. In this way, deposition material 12 being deposited on the side wall surface 52 of the opening 51 creates a shadow effect.
- shadow effects reduce the pattern dimensions of deposited films. This reduction in pattern dimensions impacts device performance and becomes a limiting factor for the resolution of OLED microdisplay devices.
- deposition material accumulates on the steps of vertical ridges (protrusions) that appear on the sidewalls when openings are processed by dry etching.
- protrusions vertical ridges
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deposition mask 1 in this embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of an opening.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of a sidewall surface that appears when the opening is cut.
- FIG. 4A is an SEM image showing a standard for measuring the protrusion dimension of a protrusion portion, and
- FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- FIG. 5A is an SEM photograph showing an enlarged portion of the opening, and FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the sidewall surface of the opening.
- the deposition mask 1 has a laminated structure of a membrane 2 and a support substrate 3.
- the membrane 2 is a substrate with a first surface 2a and a second surface 2b that face each other in the thickness direction.
- the thickness of the membrane 2 is not limited, but is approximately 1 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the outer peripheral shape of the membrane 2 is preferably a rectangular or disc-shaped wafer, and although there are no restrictions on the diameter (length of one side in the case of a rectangle), it is preferably approximately 100 mm to 500 mm.
- the membrane 2 may be formed of a single layer or multiple layers.
- the membrane 2 is preferably formed of a SiN layer or a laminated structure of a SiN layer/SiO 2 layer.
- a plurality of cell regions 4 are formed in the membrane 2. Between adjacent cell regions 4, there is a region where no openings 8 are formed (referred to as a "boundary region 5"). In a plan view, the plurality of cell regions 4 are arranged in a matrix with the boundary region 5 interposed between them. The region where the plurality of cell regions 4 are grouped together is referred to as a cell array region 6. Between the cell array region 6 and the edge of the membrane 2 is a peripheral region 7.
- openings 8 are formed in each cell region 4.
- the openings 8 penetrate from the first surface 2a to the second surface 2b of the membrane 2.
- the first surface 2a is the surface facing the deposition substrate 10
- the second surface 2b is the back surface facing the deposition source 11.
- the opening width of the opening 8 gradually narrows, for example, from the second surface 2b to the first surface 2a. Therefore, the side wall surface 9 of the opening 8 is inclined.
- the planar pattern of the openings 8 (the shape when viewed from directly above the membrane 2 toward the first surface 2a) is not limited, but examples include rectangles (including squares), polygons other than rectangles, circles, and ellipses. All of the openings 8 may have the same planar pattern, or some may have different patterns. The openings 8 may be arranged regularly, irregularly, or a mixture of regular and irregular patterns.
- this width is approximately 1 mm to 10 mm.
- a support substrate 3 is provided on the second surface 2b side of the membrane 2.
- the support substrate 3 is, for example, a silicon substrate. There are no limitations on the thickness of the support substrate 3, but it is, for example, about 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the support substrate 3 is provided in the peripheral region 7 and boundary region 5 on the second surface 2b of the membrane 2. As such, the support substrate 3 is not provided in the cell region 4, which is open to both the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b.
- the support substrate 3 may be provided only in the peripheral region 7.
- the membrane 2 can be maintained in a taut state by the support substrate 3, eliminating the need for a tensioning process.
- the deposition mask 1 of this embodiment can also be closely attached to the deposition substrate 10 using an electrostatic chuck that utilizes electrostatic force.
- the support substrates 3 provided in the boundary region 5 and the peripheral region 7 are all the same height. However, for example, the height of the support substrate 3 provided in the boundary region 5 may be lower than the height of the support substrate 3 provided in the peripheral region 7. However, by making the heights uniform, greater strength can be maintained.
- Openings 8 in Vapor Deposition Mask 1 in the Present Embodiment As shown in the plan view of the opening 8 in Fig. 2 and the front view of the opening 8 cut through the opening 8 in Fig. 3 (both sides of the opening 8 are shown in cross section), a plurality of protrusions 20 extending from the first surface 2a toward the second surface 2b are formed on the side wall surface 9 of the opening 8. In this embodiment, the protrusions 20 are sometimes referred to as "vertical stripes.” Because the protrusions 20 protrude from the side wall surface 9 toward the inside of the opening 8, the side wall surface 9 has uneven steps, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
- the height (length) of the protrusion 20 from the first surface 2a to the second surface 2b may be the same as or shorter than the height (length) from the first surface 2a to the second surface 2b. In other words, as long as the protrusion 20 is formed in the height region between the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b, it may be interrupted midway. However, it is preferable that the height of the protrusion 20 is the same as the height (length) from the first surface 2a to the second surface 2b. This means that the protrusion 20 is continuous and uninterrupted midway in the height direction between the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b, eliminating unevenness in the height direction or reducing the difference in unevenness, thereby reducing the accumulation of deposition material.
- the protrusions 20 are not limited to being formed linearly from the first surface 2a to the second surface 2b, but may be curved, serpentine, or have a shape that changes midway (changing the direction of extension midway). However, it is preferable that the protrusions 20 are linear. "Straight" does not mean a straight line in the strict sense, and some variation is permitted. For example, without limitation, if the extension direction changes within approximately 5 degrees with respect to the direction perpendicular to the height, it can be considered linear. By making the protrusions 20 linear, the area where the extension direction changes can be eliminated or made smaller, thereby reducing the accumulation of deposition material.
- the opening 8 shown in Figure 2 is generally polygonal, but may also be circular or elliptical. As shown in Figure 2, the protrusions 20 are formed evenly around the periphery of the opening 8, but the formation density of the protrusions 20 may vary depending on the location on the side wall surface 9. For example, the formation density of the protrusions 20 may change from midway along the height of the side wall surface 9.
- FIG. 4A is an SEM photograph of the opening 8
- Fig. 4B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- the SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of the opening 8 was obtained using, for example, a Regulus 8220 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech.
- Figure 5A is an enlarged photograph of the area surrounded by region A in the SEM photograph of Figure 4A
- Figure 5B is a schematic diagram thereof.
- a straight reference line L1 is drawn on each side of the opening 8 so as to touch the outside of the unevenness of the opening 8.
- the reference line L1 should be drawn so that it touches at as many contact points B as possible, except in areas where the unevenness of the opening 8 has changed drastically or where the SEM image is unclear and the unevenness is difficult to distinguish.
- the reference line L1 was divided into, for example, three equal parts, and the protrusion dimensions H1, H2, and H3 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "protrusion dimension H") of the protrusion portion 20 that protrudes from the central reference line L1 into the inside of the opening 8 were measured.
- the apex of each of the protrusion dimensions H1, H2, and H3 was determined to be the position that protrudes most from the central reference line L1.
- the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion dimensions H1, H2, and H3 of each protrusion portion 20 is calculated.
- a curved reference line L1 is drawn along that shape.
- the reference line is then divided into multiple parts, and one of these parts is used to determine the protruding dimension of the protrusion.
- the reference line L1 was divided into three equal parts to measure the protrusion dimension H of the protrusion 20, but dividing it into three equal parts is just one example.
- the number of protrusions 20 measured from the reference line L1 is not limited, but can be approximately 2 to 50, preferably 30 or less, and more preferably 20 or less. Furthermore, it is preferable to measure two or more, preferably five or more. This can improve the dimensional accuracy of the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusions 20.
- the measurement error of the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion 20 can be allowed to be ⁇ 10% or less, preferably ⁇ 5% or less.
- the opening 8 gradually narrows from the second surface 2b toward the first surface 2a, and the opening width varies depending on the measurement location.
- the opening width W1 of the opening 8 is defined as the opening width on the first surface 2a side facing the deposition substrate 10.
- the opening width W1 can be determined from SEM images taken using a KLA-Tencor eCD-2.
- the opening width W1 can be calculated from the reference line L1 used to calculate the protrusion dimension H of the protrusion 20.
- the reference line L1 used to calculate the protrusion dimension H of the protrusion 20.
- the accuracy of calculating the opening width W1 is likely to decrease.
- the area difference is 10% or more, preferably 5% or more, it is desirable to calculate the opening width W1 using the following method.
- the longest distance between each vertex 8a of the opening 8 in Figure 6 and the intersection 8c where the line L2 that runs from the vertex 8a through the center O of the ellipse 14 intersects with the side 8b of the opening 8 is defined as the opening width W1.
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for calculating the opening width W1.
- the opening 8 is approximately hexagonal. Therefore, there are six vertices 8a and six sides 8b of the opening 8 that appear on the first surface 2a.
- the sides 8b are regression lines.
- the regression line can be determined using the least squares method.
- the ellipse 14 also includes a circle. Then, find the center O of the ellipse 14.
- a straight line L2 is drawn from each vertex 8a through the center O, and the intersection 8c where this line L2 intersects with the side 8b of the opening 8 is found.
- the distance between the vertex 8a and the intersection 8c is then calculated.
- the opening 8 is triangular, in Figure 6C the opening 8 is pentagonal, and Figures 6D and 6E show special shapes where the polygon is distorted.
- white circles indicate vertices 8a, and black circles indicate intersections 8c.
- an ellipse 14 circumscribing each vertex 8a is drawn and the center O of the ellipse 14 is found.
- a straight line L2 passing through the center O is drawn from each vertex 8a to the center O, and the intersection 8c where the line L2 intersects with the side 8b of the opening 8 is found.
- the distance between the vertex 8a and the intersection 8c is calculated, and the longest distance is taken as the opening width W1.
- a small protrusion ratio R means that if the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion streak portion 20 is constant, the opening width W1 is large, or if the opening width W1 is constant, the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion streak portion 20 is small.
- a large protrusion ratio R means that if the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion streak portion 20 is constant, the opening width W1 is small, or if the opening width W1 is constant, the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion streak portion 20 is large. In this way, in this embodiment, the protrusion ratio R can be controlled to fall within a specified range by adjusting one or both of the average protrusion dimension AveH and the opening width W1 of the protrusion streak portion 20.
- the taper angle ⁇ 1 of the opening 8 is determined as follows. That is, as shown in Fig. 3, a straight line is connected between the end of the opening width W1 in the surface direction along the first surface 2a and the end of the opening width W2 in the surface direction along the second surface 2b, and the inclination angle between this line and the first surface 2a can be set as the taper angle ⁇ 1 of the opening 8.
- the taper angle ⁇ 1 was determined by measuring the length of an SEM image obtained using a Regulus 8220 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies.
- the deposition mask 1 in this embodiment is (1) A protrusion 20 is formed on the side wall surface 9 of the opening 8, extending from the first surface 2 a to the second surface 2 b. (2) The protrusion ratio R of the protrusion 20 to the opening width W1 of the opening 8 is 0.001 or more and 0.018 or less.
- the protrusions 20 shown in (1) above result from the dry etching process used to form the openings 8.
- the protrusions 20 are a processed shape unique to dry etching, and appear as vertical streaks in the height direction (vertical direction) of the openings 8.
- the protrusions 20 cause deposition material 12 to accumulate as described in Figure 8, resulting in poor deposition.
- the protrusions 20 are a processed shape unique to dry etching, but conventionally, the dimensions of the protrusions 20 have not been adjusted.
- the protrusion ratio R of the protrusion 20 is specified so that the pattern width W3 of the vapor-deposited film 13 can be adjusted to 70% or more of the opening size (opening width W1).
- the characteristics of the protrusion ratio R are shown in (2) above. That is, in this embodiment, by adjusting the protrusion ratio R of the protrusion portion 20 to the opening width W1 of the opening to be 0.001 or more and 0.018 or less, the pattern width W3 of the vapor-deposited film 13 can be appropriately and easily adjusted to 70% or more of the opening size (opening width W1).
- the protrusion ratio R is 0.014 or less. This allows the pattern width W3 of the deposited film 13 to be appropriately and easily adjusted to 80% or more of the opening size (opening width W1), preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 90% or more. Furthermore, although there is no restriction on the lower limit of the protrusion ratio R, it is set to 0.001 or more, 0.002 or more, 0.003 or more, or 0.004 or more depending on the dry etching conditions.
- the protrusion ratio R 0.001 or greater
- impurities contained in the deposition material (deposition particles) 12 from the deposition source 11 shown in Figure 11 can be captured by the side wall surface 9 of the opening 8, thereby reducing the amount of impurities contained in the deposition film 13. That is, the particles scattered from the deposition source 11 toward the deposition substrate 10 contain impurities.
- deposition conditions are set such that the deposition particles 12 adhere to the surface of the deposition substrate 10 in a direction perpendicular to the surface, impurities that do not meet these conditions tend to scatter diagonally from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the deposition substrate 10. For this reason, by setting the protrusion ratio R to a value other than zero, specifically 0.001 or greater, impurities can be more easily captured by the side wall surface 9.
- the average protrusion dimension AveH of the protrusion 20 is preferably 150 nm or less, more preferably 145 nm or less, and even more preferably 143.5 nm or less. This allows the protrusion ratio R of the protrusion 20 to the opening width W1 of the opening 8 to be appropriately and easily adjusted to be 0.001 or more and 0.018 or less.
- the maximum protrusion dimension of the protrusion 20 is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 185 nm or less, and even more preferably 181 nm or less. This eliminates extremely large protrusions 20, effectively suppressing deposition defects. It also makes it easier to appropriately and easily adjust the protrusion ratio R of the protrusions to a range of 0.001 to 0.018.
- the opening width W1 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less. Although there is no lower limit, it can be 1 ⁇ m or more. This satisfies the needs of a vapor deposition mask 1 equipped with a membrane 2, and in particular, for a vapor deposition mask for separate RGB coloring used in the manufacturing process of OLED microdisplays, it is necessary to further reduce the opening width W1.
- the mask can be effectively used as a deposition mask 1 for manufacturing high-resolution OLED display devices.
- deposition material (deposition particles) 12 from the deposition source 11 passes through the openings 8 in the deposition mask 1 and reaches the surface 10a of the deposition substrate 10, where a deposition film 13 is formed.
- the pattern width W3 of the deposition film 13 is measured and its ratio to the opening width W1 is calculated, if the protrusion ratio R is such that the pattern width ratio ((pattern width W3/opening width W1) x 100 (%)) is 70% or more, this is considered to be the present example, and if the protrusion ratio R is less than 70%, this is considered to be a comparative example.
- the opening width W1 of the opening 8 gradually narrows from the second surface 2 b side toward the first surface 2 a side, but this is not limited thereto and the opening width W1 may gradually widen from the second surface 2 b side toward the first surface 2 a side.
- the taper angle is not limited thereto, the taper angle ⁇ 1 is preferably 60° or more and 120° or less, more preferably 70° or more and 110° or less, and even more preferably 80° or more and 105° or less.
- the side wall surface 9 of the opening 8 is preferably a tapered surface from the second surface 2b side toward the first surface 2a side, and by making it an inversely tapered surface toward the deposition source 11 side, i.e., from the second surface 2b side toward the first surface 2a side (see Figure 11), it becomes easier for the deposition particles 12 to pass from the deposition source 11 toward the deposition substrate 10, and a deposition film 13 with excellent pattern dimensions can be formed.
- 9A to 9C are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing the deposition mask 1 of this embodiment.
- the deposition mask 1 in the manufacturing process shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 described later shows only the vicinity of one cell region 4, but in reality, the multiple cell regions 4 shown in Fig. 1 are formed simultaneously.
- a support substrate 21 made of Si is prepared, and in Fig. 9B, a membrane 2 is formed on the surface of the support substrate 21.
- the membrane 2 has a laminated structure of a SiO2 layer 22 and a SiN layer 23.
- the diameter of the membrane 2 there is no limitation on the diameter of the membrane 2, but in this embodiment, it can accommodate sizes up to approximately 500 mm.
- a protective material 24 is formed over the entire surface of the membrane 2.
- a mask layer 25 is formed on the back surface of the support substrate 21.
- the mask layer 25 is a resist pattern. As shown in Figure 9C, the mask layer 25 is not formed in the area facing the cell region 4 of the membrane 2.
- the support substrate 21 not covered by the mask layer 25 is removed by dry etching.
- the support substrate 3 is formed on the second surface 2b of the membrane 2, except for the position of the cell region 4.
- the mask layer 25 is removed.
- a resist layer is applied from the support substrate 3 to the second surface 2b of the cell region 4, and a mask layer 26 having an opening pattern 26a is formed on the resist layer.
- the opening pattern 26a is a pattern for forming openings 8 in the membrane 2, and the membrane 2 exposed from the opening pattern 26a is removed by dry etching. This allows the openings 8 to be formed in the membrane 2.
- the mask layer 26 and protective material 24 are removed.
- the manufacturing method shown in Figure 9 allows the openings 8 to be formed with a tapered surface with a taper angle ⁇ 1 of 90° or less.
- mask layers 27, 28 are formed on both the first surface 2a of the membrane 2 and the back surface of the support substrate 21. It is preferable that both mask layers 27, 28 be formed from resist.
- the mask layer 28 formed on the back surface of the support substrate 21 is not formed in the cell region 4 of the membrane 2. Furthermore, the mask layer 27 formed on the first surface 2a of the membrane 2 has multiple opening patterns 27a formed therein. These opening patterns 27a allow multiple openings 8 to be formed in the membrane 2.
- the membrane 2 exposed from the opening pattern 27a of the mask layer 27 is removed by dry etching. This allows multiple openings 8 to be formed in the membrane 2.
- the support substrate 21 not covered by the mask layer 28 is removed. This opens the cell region 4 of the membrane 2 to the second surface 2b. Then, the mask layers 27 and 28 are removed.
- a deposition mask 1 is completed, which includes a membrane 2 having multiple openings 8 in the cell region 4 and a support substrate 3 formed on the second surface 2b side of the membrane 2.
- the openings 8 can be formed with an inversely tapered surface with a taper angle ⁇ 1 of 90° or more.
- the conditions of the dry etching used to form the opening 8 in the membrane 2 are adjusted, for example, as follows.
- the etching conditions can be adjusted by the flow rates of various gases, the chamber pressure, the power of the plasma generation source, and the like.
- CF4 gas and O2 gas were used as etching gases, with CF4 gas at 0.1 to 100 sccm and O2 gas at 1 to 200 sccm.
- Various conditions were adjusted, with a platen LF of 500 to 3000 W, a coil RF of 500 to 4000 W, a chamber pressure of 1 to 10 Pa, and an etching time of several minutes. It is preferable to adjust the flow rates of CF4 gas and O2 gas so that the flow rate of CF4 gas is less than the flow rate of O2 gas.
- the protrusion dimensions (which can also be read as the groove depth between the vertical stripes) of the number of vertical stripes (protrusion portions) to be reduced, and specifically, the protrusion ratio R of the protrusion portions 20 to the opening width W1 of the opening 8 can be appropriately adjusted to be 0.001 or more and 0.018 or less.
- the fluorine compound may be one or more selected from CF 4 , SF 6 , NF 3 , BF 3 , PF 5 and F 2 , and the rare gas may be one or more selected from helium and argon, but may not be used. Furthermore, the protruding dimension of the protrusion 20 can be reduced by laser hydrogen annealing or the like.
- the deposition mask 1 is placed between a substrate 10 to be deposited and a deposition source 11. At this time, the first surface 2a of the membrane 2 of the deposition mask 1 faces the substrate 10 to be deposited, and the second surface 2b of the membrane 2 faces the deposition source 11.
- a plurality of openings 8 are formed in the membrane 2, and, for example, the opening width is narrower on the first surface side than on the second surface side.
- the deposition mask 1 is placed on a holder (not shown) of a deposition device, and the deposition mask 1 and the deposition substrate 10 can be fixed together by an electrostatic chuck.
- the membrane 2 and the deposition substrate 10 are separated from each other, but they may be in contact with each other.
- the deposition mask 1 and the deposition substrate 10 are rotated around the axis of the holder.
- the deposition material (deposition particles) 12 from the deposition source 11 passes through the openings 8 in the deposition mask 1 and reaches the surface 10 a of the deposition substrate 10 , forming a deposition film 13 .
- examples of electronic devices include OLED microdisplay panels, liquid crystal panels, and solar cells, and the present invention is particularly suitable for manufacturing OLED microdisplay panels as organic electronic devices.
- the pattern width W3 of the deposition film 13 can be ensured to be 70% or more of the opening width W1, preferably 75% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. In this way, a deposition film 13 with excellent pattern dimensions can be formed.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and may be modified, substituted, or altered in various ways without departing from the spirit of the technical concept. Furthermore, if technological advances or derived technologies allow the technical concept to be realized in a different way, the invention may be implemented using that method. Therefore, the claims cover all embodiments that may fall within the scope of the technical concept.
- a membrane 31 made of SiN, SiO2 , or the like may be formed on the surface of a frame-shaped silicon substrate 30, and a plurality of openings 8 may be formed in the membrane 31 in the central region where the silicon substrate 30 has been removed.
- the membrane is formed by CVD, but it is preferable to use SiN from the viewpoint of ease of stress control.
- an SOI substrate 39 is used, but in Figure 13, a SiN layer 45 is formed on the back side of the SOI substrate 39 (the side facing the support substrate 44, the side facing the deposition source 11), in Figure 14, a SiN layer 45 is formed on the front side of the SOI substrate 39 (the side facing the semiconductor layer 42, the side facing the deposition substrate 10), and in Figure 15, a SiN layer 45 is formed on both the back side and the front side of the SOI substrate 39.
- an opening 8 is formed continuous with the semiconductor layer 42.
- the SiN layer 45 By providing the SiN layer 45, it becomes easier to control the stress of the deposition mask, and distortion and the like can be suppressed. Furthermore, it is preferable that the SiN layer 45 formed on the front side of the SOI substrate 39 is thinner than the SiN layer 45 formed on the back side of the SOI substrate 39. Although not limited thereto, the film thickness of the SiN layer 45 formed on the front side of the SOI substrate 39 is approximately 0.05 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, and the film thickness of the SiN layer 45 formed on the back side of the SOI substrate 39 is approximately 0.05 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the SiN layer 45 formed on the front side of the SOI substrate 39 is made thinner than the SiN layer 45 formed on the back side of the SOI substrate 39 in order to achieve balanced stress control on the front side and the back side.
- the opening 8 can be formed using the Bosch process, and in the SiN layer 45, the opening 8 can be formed by dry etching.
- a large-sized silicon substrate is preferably 500 mm x 500 mm or larger.
- Fig. 7A is an SEM image of the sidewall surface of the opening
- Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram thereof. As shown in Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B, it was confirmed from the SEM images that multiple vertical ridges (protrusions) extending in the height direction were formed on the sidewall surface.
- the deposition amount (time) applied to the experiment was determined as the deposition condition for Experimental Example 7 onwards when one or more samples from Experimental Examples 1 to 6 had a deposition pattern width ratio below 70%.
- the protrusion ratio calculated as (average protrusion dimension/opening width), at 0.018 or less, it was found that the pattern width ratio could be made 70% or more (evaluated as ⁇ or ⁇ ), and that the deposited film could be formed with stable pattern width dimensions.
- the protrusion ratio calculated as (average protrusion dimension/opening width), at 0.014 or less, it was found that the pattern width ratio could be increased to over 85% (rated as ⁇ ), enabling the deposition film to be formed with more stable pattern width precision.
- the lower limit of the protrusion ratio is preferably smaller, and is set to 0.001 or greater. Furthermore, experimental examples have shown that the protrusion ratio can be set to 0.004 or greater.
- the average protrusion dimension of the protrusions is set to 150 nm or less, preferably 145 nm or less, and even more preferably 143.5 nm or less.
- the maximum protrusion dimension of the protrusions is set to 200 nm or less, preferably 185 nm or less, and even more preferably 181 nm or less.
- the opening width be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the opening width is 1 ⁇ m or more, and in accordance with experimental examples, it may be 3 ⁇ m or more.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2には、多数の画素開口を有する蒸着マスクに関する記載がある。該画素開口をエッチングで形成することが開示されている。
OLEDディスプレイ作製でのRGB3色の塗分けなどに使用する蒸着マスクが知られており、RGB塗分け用の蒸着マスクに対するニーズが高まっている。
図1は、本実施の形態における蒸着マスク1の断面図である。図2は、開口の拡大平面図である。図3は、開口を切断して現れる側壁面の拡大正面図である。図4Aは、突条部の突出寸法を測定する基準を示すSEM画像であり、図4Bは、その模式図である。図5Aは、開口の一部を拡大して示したSEM写真であり、図5Bは、その模式図である。図7は、開口の側壁面のSEM画像である。
支持基板3は、例えば、シリコン基板である。支持基板3の厚みを限定するものではないが、例えば、100μm~1000μm程度である。
図2の開口8の平面図、及び図3の開口8を切断して現れる開口8の正面図(開口8の両側は断面として現れる)に示すように、開口8の側壁面9には、第1面2a側から第2面2b側に向けて延出する、複数本の突条部20が形成されている。なお、本実施の形態では、突条部20を「縦スジ」と称する場合がある。突条部20は、側壁面9から、開口8の内側に向かって出っ張っているため、側壁面9は、図2及び図3に示すように、凹凸段差になっている。
図4Aは、開口8のSEM写真であり、図4Bは、その模式図である。開口8のSEM(走査電子顕微鏡)画像を、例えば、日立ハイテク製のRegulus8220により得た。
また、本実施の形態においては、突条部20の平均突出寸法AveHの測定誤差として±10%以下、好ましくは±5%以下を許容できる。
図1や図3で示したように、例えば、開口8は、第2面2bから第1面2aに向けて徐々に狭くなっており、測定箇所により、開口幅が異なるが、本実施の形態では、被蒸着基板10と対向する第1面2a側を開口8の開口幅W1と定義する。
上記したように、突条部20の平均突出寸法AveHと、開口8の開口幅W1を求め、突出比率(平均突出寸法AveH/開口幅W1)Rを求める。
本実施の形態では、開口8のテーパ角θ1を次のように求める。すなわち、図3に示すように、第1面2aに沿う面方向への開口幅W1の端部と、第2面2bに沿う面方向の開口幅W2の端部を直線で結び、該直線と第1面2aとの間の傾き角度を、開口8のテーパ角θ1と設定することができる。テーパ角θ1は、日立ハイテク製のRegulus8220を使用して得たSEM画像より測長して求めた。
本実施の形態における蒸着マスク1は、
(1) 開口8の側壁面9には、第1面2a側から前記第2面2b側にかけて延出する突条部20が形成されていること、
(2) 開口8の開口幅W1に対する突条部20の突出比率Rが、0.001以上0.018以下であること、を特徴とする。
開口8の側壁面9は、第2面2b側から第1面2a側に向けてテーパ面であることが好ましく、蒸着源11側、すなわち、第2面2b側から第1面2a側に向けて逆テーパ面とすることで(図11参照)、蒸着源11から被蒸着基板10に向けて蒸着粒子12を通しやすくなり、パターン寸法に優れた蒸着膜13を形成できる。
図9は、本実施形態の蒸着マスク1の製造方法を示す工程図である。ここで、図9、及び後述の図10に示す製造過程の蒸着マスク1は、一つのセル領域4付近のみを示しているが、実際には、図1に示す複数のセル領域4を同時に形成していく。
エッチング条件としては、各種ガス流量、チャンバー圧力、及びプラズマ発生源の電力等で調整できる。
これにより、数の縦スジ(突条部)の突出寸法(縦スジ間の溝深さと読み替えてもよい)を小さくでき、具体的には、開口8の開口幅W1に対する突条部20の突出比率Rを、0.001以上0.018以下となるように適切に調整できる。
また、レーザー水素アニール処理等で、突条部20の突出寸法を低減させることが可能である。
本実施の形態では、図11に示すように、蒸着マスク1を、被蒸着基板10と蒸着源11との間に配置する。このとき、蒸着マスク1のメンブレン2の第1面2a側を被蒸着基板10側に向け、メンブレン2の第2面2b側を蒸着源11側に向ける。メンブレン2には複数の開口8が形成されており、例えば、開口幅は、第1面側のほうが第2面側より狭くなっている。
蒸着源11から蒸着材料(蒸着粒子)12が蒸着マスク1の開口8を通じて、被蒸着基板10の表面10aに到達し、蒸着膜13が成膜される。
本実施の形態では、蒸着マスク1の開口8における突条部20の突出比率を規定することで、蒸着膜13の高いパターン寸法を得ることができる。また、蒸着材料の堆積量を少なくできるので、蒸着マスク1の洗浄頻度を少なくでき、蒸着マスク1の品質管理を容易に行うことができる。また、開口8の目詰まりの発生を少なくでき、蒸着マスク1の長寿命化を図ることができる。
例えば、図12に示すように、枠体状のシリコン基板30の表面にSiNやSiO2などのメンブレン31を成膜し、シリコン基板30が除去された中央領域のメンブレン31に複数の開口8が形成された構成であってもよい。メンブレンはCVDで形成されるが、応力制御がしやすい観点で、SiNを用いることが好ましい。
また、SOI基板39の表面側に形成されるSiN層45は、SOI基板39の裏面側に形成されるSiN層45より薄いことが好ましい。限定されるものではないが、SOI基板39の表面側に形成されるSiN層45の膜厚は、0.05μm~0.5μm程度であり、SOI基板39の裏面側に形成されるSiN層45の膜厚は、0.05μm~3μm程度である。半導体層42は、支持基板44よりも薄く、しかも半導体層42には多数の開口8も形成されているため、表面側と裏面側とでバランスよく応力制御すべく、SOI基板39の表面側に形成されるSiN層45を、SOI基板39の裏面側に形成されるSiN層45より薄く形成している。
また、単結晶のシリコン材料から大型の基板を作ることは技術的に困難であるが、蒸着マスク1を多結晶シリコン構造とすることで単結晶のシリコン基板よりも大きいサイズのシリコン基板を容易に形成できる。また、蒸着マスク1の平面形状を多角形状(例えば、四角形状)とすることで、蒸着マスク1を丸形状とするよりも面取り効率を高めることができると同時に面数も増やすことができる。なお、大きいサイズのシリコン基板とは500mm×500mm以上であることが好ましい。
図9、或いは図10に示す製造方法により、複数の蒸着マスクのサンプルを製造した。このとき、メンブレンを、SiO2/SiNの積層構造とした。
実験では、メンブレンの開口の形成時のドライエッチング条件を種々変更し、突条部の突出寸法の異なる複数のサンプル(実験例1~30)を作製した。
図7Aは、開口の側壁面のSEM画像であり、図7Bは、その模式図である。図7A及び図7Bに示すように、側壁面には、高さ方向に延出する複数の縦スジ(突条部)が形成されることが、SEM画像より確認できた。
次に、表1に示す実験例1~6(開口幅W1が3μm)を用いて、蒸着材料を、被蒸着基板へ真空蒸着した。そして、レーザー顕微鏡(型番:VKX-210(キーエンス社製))で、蒸着膜のパターン幅W3を測長し、蒸着マスクの開口の開口幅W1に対する蒸着パターン幅比率(100%換算)を求めた。
パターン幅比率が、70%未満である実験例は×、パターン幅比率が70~85%である実験例は〇、パターン幅比率が、85%超である実験例は◎とした。
その実験結果が以下の表1に示されている。
Claims (10)
- 第1面と、前記第1面とは反対側の第2面とを有し、前記第1面と前記第2面との間を貫通する複数の開口が形成された蒸着マスクであって、
前記開口の側壁面には、前記第1面側から前記第2面側にかけて延出する突条部が形成されており、
前記開口の開口幅に対する前記突条部の突出比率は、0.001以上0.018以下である、
ことを特徴とする蒸着マスク。 - 前記突出比率は、0.014以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 被蒸着基板側を前記第1面、蒸着源側を前記第2面としたとき、
前記開口幅は、前記第1面側の開口幅で規定される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記突条部の平均突出寸法は、150nm以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記突条部の最大突出寸法は、200nm以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記開口幅は、10μm以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記蒸着マスクは、支持基板に、前記開口を有するメンブレンが支持された構成であり、前記メンブレンは、シリコン窒化膜単層構造、或いは、シリコン窒化膜及びシリコン酸化膜積層構造で構成される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記蒸着マスクは、SOI基板で構成され、前記開口が形成された表面側、或いは、裏面側、又は、前記表面側及び前記裏面側に、SiN層が形成される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 前記蒸着マスクは、支持基板に、前記開口を有するメンブレンが支持された構成であり、
前記メンブレンまたは前記支持基板の少なくとも一方が、多結晶シリコン構造であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着マスク。 - 被蒸着基板と、蒸着源との間に、請求項1に記載の蒸着マスクを、前記第1面が前記被蒸着基板と対向し、前記第2面が前記蒸着源と対向するように配置し、
蒸着材料を、前記開口を通じて、前記被蒸着基板の表面に蒸着する、
ことを特徴とする電子デバイスの製造方法。
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