WO2025107635A1 - 一种发动机的润滑系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种发动机的润滑系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025107635A1
WO2025107635A1 PCT/CN2024/102208 CN2024102208W WO2025107635A1 WO 2025107635 A1 WO2025107635 A1 WO 2025107635A1 CN 2024102208 W CN2024102208 W CN 2024102208W WO 2025107635 A1 WO2025107635 A1 WO 2025107635A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
engine
pump
cylinder
oil pump
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PCT/CN2024/102208
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
欧阳丹
施发义
向高
熊迪
张毅
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Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
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Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2025107635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025107635A1/zh
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/18—Indicating or safety devices
    • F01M1/20—Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0215—Electrical pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0253—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the pump driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
    • F01M2001/123—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10 using two or more pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of engine lubrication, and in particular to an engine lubrication system and a control method thereof.
  • the engine oil needs to be guided to the various moving parts of the engine through the lubrication system so as to lubricate the various moving parts of the engine with the engine oil.
  • the relevant engine drives the engine oil to circulate in the pipeline through the oil pump.
  • the oil pressure in the lubrication oil circuit needs to be established quickly. It takes a long time to establish the oil pressure, which may cause poor lubrication of the moving parts and cause damage.
  • the invention provides an engine lubrication system and a control method thereof, which are used to solve the problem of how to shorten the time for establishing oil pressure.
  • the first oil pump is a mechanical pump.
  • the first oil pump is an electronic pump.
  • the maximum displacement of the first oil pump is greater than the maximum displacement of the second oil pump.
  • the lubrication system also includes: an oil temperature sensor configured to obtain the temperature of the oil in the cylinder oil circuit; and a heating element disposed in the oil pan of the engine.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a lubrication system, which is applied to the lubrication system of the engine as described above, and the control method includes: when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, controlling the second oil pump to turn on; when the engine is running, obtaining the oil pressure of the cylinder oil circuit by the oil pressure sensor; when the oil pressure is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, controlling the first oil pump and/or the second oil pump to turn on.
  • controlling the second oil pump to turn on includes: when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, controlling the electronically controlled valve to open and controlling the second oil pump to turn on.
  • controlling the second oil pump to turn on includes: when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, controlling the first oil pump and the second oil pump to turn on.
  • the lubrication system further comprises an oil temperature sensor provided in the cylinder oil circuit, and when the oil pressure is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, controlling the first oil pump and/or the second oil pump to start comprises: when the oil pressure is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, obtaining the oil temperature of the engine oil in the cylinder oil circuit by the oil temperature sensor; When the oil temperature is lower than the first oil temperature threshold, the electronically controlled valve is controlled to open, the first oil pump is controlled to start, and the second oil pump is controlled to close; when the oil temperature is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, the electronically controlled valve is controlled to close, and the first oil pump and the second oil pump are controlled to open.
  • the lubrication system also includes an oil temperature sensor arranged in the cylinder oil circuit and a heating element arranged in the oil pan of the engine; when the engine is in operation, before the oil pressure sensor obtains the oil pressure of the cylinder oil circuit, the control method also includes: when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, the oil temperature sensor obtains the oil temperature of the engine oil, and when the oil temperature of the engine oil is lower than a second oil temperature threshold, the heating element is controlled to turn on.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a lubrication system, which includes a cylinder oil circuit having a first oil pump and configured to lubricate a cylinder block component of an engine, and a cylinder head oil circuit having a second oil pump and configured to lubricate a cylinder head component of the engine, so that the cylinder block component and the cylinder head component are lubricated respectively by the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit that can operate independently, so that the lubrication system can reduce the displacement demand of the oil pump while meeting the demand of the cylinder block component and the cylinder head component for engine oil, thereby reducing the volume of the lubrication system;
  • the second oil pump is an electronic pump, and when the engine is in a stopped and powered-on state, the second oil pump can be controlled to start and the electronically controlled valve can be controlled to open, so that a certain oil pressure can be pre-established in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit before the engine is started by the second oil pump, and the oil pressure in
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lubrication system for an engine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the oil pressure demand of the oil-using components in the engine and the engine speed when the lubrication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied;
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another engine lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for a lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100 cylinder oil circuit; 110, first oil pump; 120, first filter element; 200, cylinder head oil circuit; 210, second oil pump; 220, second filter element; 300, connecting oil circuit; 310, electronically controlled valve; 410, main bearing; 420, camshaft; 430, high-pressure fuel pump; 440, chain tensioner; 450, variable valve timing system; 460, supercharger; 500, oil pressure sensor; 600, oil temperature sensor; 700, heating element.
  • the cylinder head component further includes a chain tensioner 440.
  • 440 is configured to compress the transmission chain to reduce the possibility of the transmission chain being separated from the sprocket, and the cylinder head oil circuit 200 is also configured to guide the engine oil to the chain tensioner 440 to lubricate the chain tensioner 440.
  • the cylinder block and cylinder head components have different demands for engine oil.
  • the cylinder block includes the main bearing 410 in FIG1, and the cylinder head includes the high-pressure fuel pump 430, the chain tensioner 440, the variable valve timing system 450 and the supercharger 460 in FIG1 as an example, and the demand for engine oil of the cylinder block and cylinder head components as the engine speed increases is exemplarily described.
  • the demand for engine oil of the main bearing 410 continues to rise, and the demand for engine oil of the main bearing 410 is in direct proportion to the engine speed; the demand for engine oil of the high-pressure fuel pump 430, the chain tensioner 440 and the variable valve timing system 450 remains unchanged.
  • the demand for engine oil of the supercharger 460 is zero. After the engine speed reaches the supercharger 460 intervention speed, the demand for engine oil of the supercharger 460 increases and As the engine speed increases, the rate of increase of the demand for oil by the supercharger 460 decreases until the demand for oil by the supercharger 460 does not increase with the increase of the engine speed.
  • the demand for oil by the cylinder head component is greater than the demand for oil by the cylinder block component
  • the demand for oil by the cylinder block component is greater than the demand for oil by the cylinder head component.
  • the change trend of the demand for oil by the cylinder block component with the engine speed is also different from the change trend of the demand for oil by the cylinder head component with the engine speed. If a lubrication system is used to lubricate the cylinder block component and the cylinder head component, it is either impossible to fully meet the demand for oil by the cylinder block or the cylinder head, or a large-displacement oil pump needs to be set, resulting in a large volume of the lubrication system.
  • the lubrication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a split cylinder oil circuit 100 and a cylinder head oil circuit 200, and the cylinder oil circuit 100 and the cylinder head oil circuit 200 respectively have an independent first oil pump 110 and a second oil pump 210, so that the cylinder oil circuit 100 and the cylinder head oil circuit 200 can operate independently according to the demand for engine oil of the cylinder body components and the demand for engine oil of the cylinder head components, that is, by decoupling the control of the cylinder oil circuit 100 and the cylinder head oil circuit 200, it is possible to reduce the displacement required by the oil pump while satisfying the demand for engine oil of the cylinder body components and the cylinder head components respectively, thereby reducing the volume of the lubrication system.
  • the second oil pump 210 is an electronic pump, and the second oil pump 210 can operate when the engine is stopped, so that when the engine is stopped and powered on, the second oil pump 210 can be controlled to start, so as to pre-establish a certain oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit 100 and the cylinder head oil circuit 200 and form an oil film on the surface of the cylinder components and the cylinder head components, and after the engine is started, the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit 100 is obtained by the oil pressure sensor 500 arranged in the cylinder oil circuit 100, and when the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit 100 reaches the first oil pressure threshold, the first oil pump 110 and/or the second oil pump 210 are controlled to start.
  • the second oil pump is started in advance to build up a certain pressure in the lubricating oil circuit in advance, and the engine oil fills the entire engine lubricating oil circuit.
  • the oil pressure at various positions in the lubricating oil circuit can be quickly built up, thereby shortening the oil pressure building time.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a lubrication system, which includes a cylinder oil circuit having a first oil pump and configured to lubricate the cylinder body components of the engine, and a cylinder head oil circuit having a second oil pump and configured to lubricate the cylinder head components of the engine, so that the cylinder body components and the cylinder head components are lubricated respectively through the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit that can operate independently, so that the lubrication system can reduce the demand for the displacement of the oil pump while meeting the demand for engine oil of the cylinder body components and the cylinder head components, thereby reducing the volume of the lubrication system.
  • the second oil pump is an electronic pump.
  • the second oil pump can be controlled to start and the electronically controlled valve can be controlled to open, so that a certain oil pressure can be pre-established in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit by the second oil pump before the engine is started, and the oil pressure in the lubricating oil circuit is detected by the oil pressure sensor after the engine is started.
  • the oil pressure in the lubricating oil circuit reaches a first oil pressure threshold
  • the first oil pump and/or the second oil pump is controlled to start so that the oil pressure in the lubricating oil circuit reaches the target oil pressure.
  • the oil flow of the first oil pump 110 can be adapted to the amount of oil required by the main bearing 410, and there is no need to control the first oil pump 110, thereby simplifying the control difficulty of the lubrication system.
  • the second oil pump 210 is an electronic pump, which can control the oil flow of the oil pump by actively controlling the speed of the oil pump, so that the oil flow of the second oil pump 210 can meet the demand for oil of the cylinder head component.
  • the first oil pump 110 is an electronic pump, which can drive the oil flow of the first oil pump 110 and the second oil pump 210 according to the demand for oil volume of the cylinder block and the cylinder head components when the engine is in a cold start state, thereby enabling the first oil pump 110 and the second oil pump 210 to start before the cold start, thereby enabling the first oil pump and the second oil pump to initially establish a certain oil pressure in the oil circuit respectively.
  • the maximum displacement of the first oil pump 110 is greater than the maximum displacement of the second oil pump 210. It can be understood that when the engine is in a high speed state, the cylinder block component has a greater demand for oil than the cylinder head component, so that the maximum displacement of the first oil pump 110 is greater than the maximum displacement of the second oil pump 210, which can match the oil demand of the cylinder block component and the oil demand of the cylinder head component, respectively, thereby reducing the volume of the oil pump while meeting the oil demand of the cylinder block component and the cylinder head component, and further reducing the volume of the lubrication system.
  • the lubrication system further includes an oil temperature sensor 600 and a heating element 700 .
  • the oil temperature sensor 600 is configured to obtain the temperature of the engine oil
  • the heating element 700 is configured to heat the engine oil. If the engine oil temperature is detected to be low before the engine is cold started, the heating element 700 can be controlled to 700 is started to preheat the engine oil, thereby reducing the viscosity of the engine oil before cold start, and then in the subsequent cold start process, the second oil pump 210 can drive the engine oil to circulate in the cylinder oil circuit 100 and the cylinder head oil circuit 200, wherein the heating element 700 is arranged in the oil pan of the engine, so as to heat the engine oil of the lubrication system as a whole.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the flow of the control method includes:
  • Step S101 When the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, control the second oil pump to start.
  • the engine when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, the engine is considered to be in a state of being ready to start.
  • the second oil pump is pre-controlled to start, so as to pre-establish a certain oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit before the engine starts.
  • the specific strategy of whether to control the first oil pump to start and whether to control the electronic control valve to open in step S101 may be different.
  • step S101 when the first oil pump is a mechanical pump, the specific steps of step S101 are, when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, the second oil pump is controlled to start and the electronic control valve is controlled to open, that is, a certain oil pressure is pre-established in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit by the second oil pump.
  • the specific steps of step S101 are, when the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, the first oil pump and the second oil pump are controlled to start, that is, the first oil pump and the second oil pump are used together to pre-establish oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit.
  • the electronically controlled valve can be opened to enable the first oil pump and the second oil pump to jointly drive the engine oil to pre-establish oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit.
  • the electronically controlled valve can also be closed to enable the first oil pump to pre-establish oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the second oil pump to pre-establish oil pressure in the cylinder head oil circuit.
  • Step S102 When the engine is in operation, the oil pressure of the cylinder oil circuit is obtained by the oil pressure sensor.
  • the oil pressure in the cylinder is obtained through the oil pressure sensor to monitor the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit.
  • Step S103 When the oil pressure is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, control the first oil pump and/or the second oil pump to start.
  • the first oil pump and/or the second oil pump is controlled to start so that the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the cylinder head oil circuit continues to increase to the target oil pressure, wherein the target oil pressure is the oil pressure corresponding to the minimum amount of engine oil required for the normal operation of the cylinder components and the cylinder head components.
  • Step S201 When the oil pressure is higher than the first oil pressure threshold, the oil temperature sensor is used to obtain the cylinder oil temperature. The oil temperature of the engine oil in the circuit.
  • the oil temperature in the cylinder oil circuit is monitored by the oil temperature sensor 600 .
  • Step S202 When the oil temperature is lower than the first oil temperature threshold, the electronically controlled valve is controlled to open, the first oil pump is controlled to start and the second oil pump is controlled to close; when the oil temperature is higher than the first oil temperature threshold, the electronically controlled valve is controlled to close, the first oil pump and the second oil pump are controlled to open.
  • the viscosity of the engine oil decreases, and a larger flow of engine oil is required to keep the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit and the oil pressure in the cylinder head oil circuit above the target oil pressure.
  • the maximum displacement of the first oil pump can no longer meet the required flow requirement.
  • the first oil pump and the second oil pump are controlled to open and close the electric control valve, so that the lubrication system enters the split lubrication mode, and the oil pressure in the cylinder oil circuit meets the requirement through the first oil pump, and the oil pressure in the cylinder head oil circuit meets the requirement through the second oil pump.
  • the lubrication system further includes an oil temperature sensor 600 disposed in the cylinder oil circuit and a heating element 700 disposed in the oil pan of the engine.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of another control method of a lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the control method shown in FIG. Yes, before step S102 in FIG. 4 , the control method further includes:
  • Step S301 When the engine is stopped and the vehicle is powered on, the oil temperature sensor 600 obtains the oil temperature of the engine oil. When the oil temperature of the engine oil is lower than the oil temperature threshold, the heating element 700 is controlled to turn on.
  • step S301 can be performed simultaneously with step S101 in Figure 4, so as to accelerate the heat exchange between the heating element and the engine oil by starting the oil pump to circulate the engine oil, thereby further improving the heating effect of the heating element on the engine oil.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种发动机的润滑系统，涉及发动机的润滑领域，该润滑系统包括：缸体油路，具有第一油泵，缸体油路用于对发动机的缸体部件进行润滑；缸盖油路，具有第二油泵且第二油泵为电子泵，缸盖油路用于对发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑；连接油路，连接缸体油路和缸盖油路，且连接油路内具有电控阀；其中，缸体油路设置有油压传感器。这种润滑系统能够更加自由地调剂油泵的驱动能量且能够减小机油的能量浪费。本发明还提供一种应用于上述润滑系统的控制方法。

Description

一种发动机的润滑系统及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机的润滑领域，尤其涉及一种发动机的润滑系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
在发动机的润滑过程中需要通过润滑系统将机油引导至发动机的各运动副，以通过机油对发动机的各运动副进行润滑，相关的发动机通过油泵驱动机油在管路内循环流动，在发动机处于冷启动状态下需要使润滑油路的油压快速建立，需要较长的时间建立油压，可能导致运动部件润滑不良导致损坏。
发明内容
本发明提供一种发动机润滑系统及其控制方法，用于解决如何缩短油压建立的时间。
本发明实施例提供一种发动机的润滑系统，该润滑系统包括：缸体油路，具有第一油泵，所述缸体油路被配置为对所述发动机的缸体部件进行润滑；缸盖油路，具有第二油泵且第二油泵为电子泵，所述缸盖油路被配置为对所述发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑；连接油路，连接所述缸体油路和所述缸盖油路，且所述连接油路内具有电控阀；其中，所述缸体油路设置有油压传感器。
进一步的，所述第一油泵为机械泵。
进一步的，所述第一油泵为电子泵。
进一步的，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量。
进一步的，所述润滑系统还包括：油温传感器，被配置为获取缸体油路内的机油温度；加热件，设置于所述发动机的油底壳内。
本发明实施例还提供一种润滑系统的控制方法，该控制方法应用于如上所述的发动机的润滑系统，该控制方法包括：在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启；在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压；在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启。
进一步的，所述第一油泵为机械泵，所述在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启包括：在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述电控阀开启并控制所述第二油泵开启。
进一步的，所述第一油泵为电子泵，所述在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启包括：在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和第二油泵开启。
进一步的，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量，所述润滑系统还包括设置缸体油路的油温传感器，所述在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启包括：在所述油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取缸体油路内的机油的油温；在 所述油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀打开，控制所述第一油泵开启并控制所述第二油泵关闭；在所述油温高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀关闭，控制所述第一油泵和所述第二油泵打开。
进一步的，所述润滑系统还包括设置于所述缸体油路内的油温传感器以及设置于发动机的油底壳内的加热件；所述在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压之前，所述控制方法还包括：在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取机油的油温，在所述机油的油温低于第二油温阈值的状态下，控制所述加热件开启。
本发明实施例提供一种润滑系统，该润滑系统包括具有第一油泵且被配置为对发动机的缸体部件进行润滑的缸体油路，具有第二油泵且被配置为对发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑的缸盖油路，从而通过能够独立运行的缸体油路和缸盖油路分别对缸体部件和缸盖部件进行润滑，从而使润滑系统能够在满足缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求的同时减小对油泵的排量的需求，从而减小润滑系统的体积；同时，第二油泵为电子泵，在发动机处于停机且上电的状态下，能够控制第二油泵开启并控制电控阀打开，从而能够通过第二油泵在发动机起动前在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立一定的油压，并在发动机起动后通过油压传感器检测润滑油路内的油压，在润滑油路内的油压达到第一油压阈值的状态下，控制第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启从而使润滑油路内的油压达到目标油压。可以理解为，通过提前开启第二油泵以在润滑油路内提前建立一定的压力，且机油填充满整个发动机润滑油路，在起动的过程中，由于机油已经填充满整个 发动机油道，所以发动机起动后，润滑油路各个位置油压能够快速建立，缩短了油压建立时间。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种发动机的润滑系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的润滑系统应用于发动机中的用油部件的油压需求与发动机转速的关系图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种发动机的润滑系统的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图。
附图标记说明
100、缸体油路；110、第一油泵；120、第一过滤件；200、缸盖油路；210、第二油泵；220、第二过滤件；300、连接油路；310、电控阀；410、主轴承；420、凸轮轴；430、高压燃油泵；440、链条张紧器；450、可变气门正时系统；460、增压器；500、油压传感器；600、油温传感器；700、加热件。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在具体实施例中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，例如通过不同的具体技术特征的组合可以形成不同的实施例和技术方案。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明中各个具体技术特征的各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
在以下的描述中，所涉及的术语″第一\第二\…″仅仅是区别不同的对象，不表示各对象之间具有相同或联系之处。应该理解的是，所涉及的方位描述″上方″、″下方″、″外″、″内″均为正常使用状态时的方位，″左″、″右″方向表示在具体对应的示意图中所示意的左右方向，可以为正常使用状态的左右方向也可以不是。
需要说明的是，术语″包括″、″包含″或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句″包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。术语″连接″在未特别说明的情况下，既包括直接连接也包括间接连接。
在以下具体实施方式中，发动机的润滑系统可以为应用于任何类型的发动机，示例性的，该润滑系统可以应用于汽油机也可以应用于柴油机。该润滑系统可以应用于任何通过发动机驱动的车辆，示例性的，该润滑系统可以应用于发动机直接驱动的轿车，该润滑系统也可以应用于发动机直接驱动的货车。为 了便于说明，以下均以该润滑系统应用于燃烧汽油的发动机为例，对润滑系统的结构进行说明。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，润滑系统包括：缸体油路100、缸盖油路200和连接油路300。缸体油路100具有第一油泵110，缸体油路100被配置为对发动机的缸体部件进行润滑，连接油路300内具有电控阀310。示例性的，缸体内部的部件包括主轴承410，主轴承410位于缸体和曲轴之间，第一油泵110被配置为驱动机油在缸体油路100内循环流动，从而使机油在缸体油路100内循环流动的过程中将机油引导至主轴承410以对主轴承410进行润滑从而降低了主轴承410的磨损速度。可选的，缸体油路100还具有第一过滤件120，机油在流经第一过滤件120后流向主轴承410，使机油在被第一过滤件120过滤后再流向主轴承410，减小了机油中的杂质对主轴承410的影响。缸盖油路200具有第二油泵210，缸盖油路200被配置为对发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑。示例性的，缸盖内部的部件包括凸轮轴420和高压燃油泵430，凸轮轴420被配置为通过旋转的凸轮驱动发动机的气门运动，高压燃油泵430被配置为对油轨内燃油进行增压，第二油泵210被配置为驱动机油在缸盖油路200内循环流动，从而使机油流向凸轮轴420和高压燃油泵430，以实现对凸轮轴420和高压燃油泵430的润滑。可选的，缸盖油路200还具有第二过滤件220，机油在被第二过滤件220过滤后再流向凸轮轴420和高压燃油泵430，减小了机油中的杂质对凸轮轴420和高压燃油泵430的影响。可选的，在发动机的配气机构通过传动链进行传动的情况下，缸盖部件还包括链条张紧器440，链条张紧器 440被配置为压紧传动链从而减小传动链脱离链轮的可能性，缸盖油路200还被配置为将机油引导至链条张紧器440以对链条张紧器440进行润滑。可选的，在发动机具有可变气门正时系统的情况下，缸盖部件还包括可变气门正时系统450，可变气门正时系统450与凸轮轴420连接，且能够使凸轮轴420产生旋转从而改变发动机的气门正时。缸盖油路200还被配置为将机油引导至可变气门正时系统，触发可变气门正时系统或驱动可变气门正时系统带动凸轮轴420旋转，从而改变发动机的气门正时，同时，通过机油对可变气门正时系统中的运动副进行润滑。在发动机具有增压系统的情况下，缸盖部件还包括增压器460，增压器460通过排气管内的废气的冲击力或通过曲轴的转矩带动进气管内叶轮旋转，从而提高发动机的进气能力，缸盖油路200被配置为将机油引导至增压器460中的运动副，以对增压器460的运动副进行润滑。
需要说明的是，缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求量不同。下面结合图2，以缸体部件包括图1中的主轴承410，缸盖部件包括图1中的高压燃油泵430、链条张紧器440、可变气门正时系统450和增压器460为例，对缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求量，随着发动机的转速提高的变化关系进行示例性说明。如图2所示，随着发动机转速的升高，主轴承410对机油的需求量持续上升，且主轴承410对机油的需求量与发动机的转速成正比例关系；高压燃油泵430、链条张紧器440和可变气门正时系统450对机油的需求量保持不变。在低转速区间内由于增压器460尚未介入发动机运行，增压器460对机油的需求量为零，在发动机转速达到增压器460介入转速后，增压器460对机油的需求量增加且 随着发动机转速提高，增压器460对机油需求量的增加速率减小直至增压器460对机油的需求量不随发动机的转速的增加而增加。综上所述，在低转速区间内，缸盖部件对机油的需求量大于缸体部件对机油的需求量，在高转速区间内，缸体部件对机油的需求量大于缸盖部件对机油的需求量，而且，缸体部件对机油的需求量随着发动机转速的变化趋势，也与缸盖部件对机油的需求量随着发动机转速的变化趋势不同，如果采用一套润滑系统对缸体部件和缸盖部件进行润滑，则要么无法完全满足缸体或缸盖对机油量的需求，要么需要设置大排量的油泵，导致润滑系统具有较大的体积。本发明实施例提供的润滑系统通过设置分体式的缸体油路100和缸盖油路200，且缸体油路100和缸盖油路200分别具有独立的第一油泵110和第二油泵210，以使缸体油路100和缸盖油路200分别能够根据缸体部件对机油的需求量和缸盖部件对机油的需求量进行独立运行，即，通过使缸体油路100和缸盖油路200的控制解耦，从而能够在分别满足缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求的同时，减小机油泵所需的排量，减小了润滑系统的体积。
同时，第二油泵210为电子泵，第二油泵210能够在发动机处于停机的状态下运行，从而在发动机处于停机且上电的状态下能够控制第二油泵210开启，以在缸体油路100和缸盖油路200内预先建立一定的油压并在缸体部件和缸盖部件的表面形成一层油膜，而且在发动机处于起动后通过设置于缸体油路100的油压传感器500获取缸体油路100内的油压，在缸体油路100内的油压达到第一油压阈值的状态下，控制第一油泵110和/或第二油泵210开启，可以理解 为，通过提前开启第二油泵以在润滑油路内提前建立一定的压力，且机油填充满整个发动机润滑油路，在起动的过程中，由于机油已经填充满整个发动机油道，所以发动机起动后，润滑油路各个位置油压能够快速建立，缩短了油压建立时间。
本发明实施例提供一种润滑系统，该润滑系统包括具有第一油泵且被配置为对发动机的缸体部件进行润滑的缸体油路，具有第二油泵且被配置为对发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑的缸盖油路，从而通过能够独立运行的缸体油路和缸盖油路分别对缸体部件和缸盖部件进行润滑，从而使润滑系统能够在满足缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求的同时减小对油泵的排量的需求，从而减小润滑系统的体积。同时，第二油泵为电子泵，在发动机处于停机且上电的状态下，能够控制第二油泵开启并控制电控阀打开，从而能够通过第二油泵在发动机开启前在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立一定的油压，并在发动机起动后通过油压传感器检测润滑油路内的油压，在润滑油路内的油压达到第一油压阈值的状态下，控制第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启从而使润滑油路内的油压达到目标油压，可以理解为，通过提前开启第二油泵以在润滑油路内提前建立一定的压力，且机油填充满整个发动机润滑油路，在起动的过程中，由于机油已经填充满整个发动机油道，所以发动机起动后，润滑油路各个位置油压能够快速建立，缩短了油压建立时间。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，第一油泵110为机械泵，可以理解为，缸体油路100被配置为对缸体部件进行润滑，缸体部件包括主轴承410，主轴承 410对机油的需求量与发动机的转速成正比例关系，而且，机械泵与发动机的曲轴连接，以使发动机的曲轴驱动机械泵运行，且使机械泵的机油流量与发动机的转速成正比例关系，即，通过使第一油泵110为机械泵能够使第一油泵110的机油流量与主轴承410所需的机油量相适应，且无需对第一油泵110进行控制，从而简化了润滑系统的控制难度。同时，第二油泵210为电子泵，电子泵能够通过主动控制油泵的转速控制油泵的机油流量，从而使第二油泵210的机油流量能够满足缸盖部件对机油的需求。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，第一油泵110为电子泵，能够根据缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油量的需求，在发动机处于冷启动的状态下，使第一油泵110和第二油泵210均能够驱动机油流动，从而在冷启动之前使第一油泵和第二油泵均能够启动从而分别使第一油泵和第二油泵在油路中初步建立一定的油压。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，第一油泵110的最大排量大于第二油泵210的最大排量。可以理解为，在发动机处于高转速状态下，缸体部件对机油的需求量大于缸盖部件对机油的需求量，使第一油泵110的最大排量大于第二油泵210的最大排量能够分别与缸体部件的机油需求量和缸盖部件的机油需求量相匹配，从而在分别满足缸体部件和缸盖部件对机油的需求量的同时减小机油泵的体积，进一步减小润滑系统的体积。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，润滑系统还包括油温传感器600和加热件700，油温传感器600被配置为获取机油的温度，加热件700被配置为对机油进行加热，在发动机冷启动之前如果检测到机油的温度较低，则可以控制加热件 700启动以对机油进行预热，从而在冷启动之前预先降低机油的粘度，进而在后续冷启动的过程中使第二油泵210能够驱动机油在缸体油路100和缸盖油路200内循环流动，其中，加热件700设置于发动机的油底壳内，从而对润滑系统的机油进行整体加热。
本发明实施例还提供一种润滑系统的控制方法，该控制方法应用于如图1至图3中任意一幅所示的发动机的润滑系统。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，图4为本发明实施例提供的一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图，该控制方法的流程包括：
步骤S101、在发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制第二油泵开启。
可以理解为，在发动机处于停机且车辆上电的状态下，认为发动机处于准备起动的状态，在此状态下预先控制第二油泵开启，以在发动机起动前在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立一定的油压。需要说明的是，根据第一油泵的类型，步骤S101中是否控制第一油泵开启且是否控制电控阀打开的具体策略可以不同。示例性的，在第一油泵为机械泵的情况下，步骤S101的具体的步骤为，在发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制第二油泵开启并控制电控阀打开，即，通过第二油泵在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立一定的油压。示例性的，在第一油泵为电子泵的情况下，步骤S101的具体步骤为，在发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制第一油泵和第二油泵开启，即，通过第一油泵和第二油泵共同在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立油压。需要说明的是，在 第一油泵和第二油泵均开启的情况下，电控阀可以打开，以使第一油泵和第二油泵共同驱动机油在缸体油路和缸盖油路内预先建立油压，电控阀也可以关闭，以使第一油泵在缸体油路内预先建立油压，使第二油泵在缸盖油路内预先建立油压。
步骤S102、在发动机处于运行的状态下，由油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压。
可以理解为，在发动机起动的过程中通过油压传感器获取缸体内的油压，以对缸体油路内的油压进行监控。
步骤S103、在油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，控制第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启。
可以理解为，在发动机处于运行的状态下，在缸体油路内的油压达到第一油压阈值的状态下，认为缸体油路和缸盖油路内的油压已经初步建立，在此状态下控制第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启，以使缸体油路和缸盖油路内的油压继续升高至目标油压，其中，目标油压为使缸体部件和缸盖部件正常运行所需的最小机油量对应的油压。
在一些实施例中，第一油泵的最大排量大于第二油泵的最大排量，且润滑系统还包括设置于缸体油路的油温传感器600。如图5所示，图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图，与图4所示的控制方法不同的是，图4中的步骤S103包括：
步骤S201、在油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，由油温传感器获取缸体油 路内的机油的油温。
可以理解为，在发动机处于运行的状态下，通过油温传感器600监控缸体油路内的油温。
步骤S202、在油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制电控阀打开，控制第一油泵开启并控制第二油泵关闭，在油温高于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制电控阀关闭，控制第一油泵和第二油泵打开。
可以理解为，在机油的油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，机油的粘度较高，通过较小的机油油量即可使缸体油路和缸盖油路中的油压保持在目标油压之上，单独开启具有更大的最大排量的第一油泵即可同时满足缸体油路和缸盖油路的油压需求，在此状态下，仅开启第一油泵并打开电控阀，以使第一油泵驱动机油在缸体油路和缸盖油路内循环流动，从而在使缸体油路和缸盖油路内的油压满足要求的同时，节省驱动机油所需的能量。在机油的油温高于第一油温阈值的状态下，机油的粘度降低，需要通过较大流量的机油才能使缸体油路内的油压和缸盖油路内的油压保持在目标油压之上，第一油泵的最大排量已经无法满足所需的流量要求，在此状态下，控制第一油泵和第二油泵开启并关闭电控阀，使润滑系统进入分体润滑模式，分别通过第一油泵使缸体油路的油压满足要求，通过第二油泵使缸盖油路的油压满足要求。
在一些实施例中，润滑系统还包括设置于缸体油路的油温传感器600以及设置于发动机的油底壳内的加热件700。如图6所示，图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种润滑系统的控制方法的流程示意图，与图4所示的控制方法不同的 是，在图4中的步骤S102之前，控制方法还包括：
步骤S301、在发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，由油温传感器600获取机油的油温，在机油的油温低于油温阈值的情况下，控制加热件700开启。
可以理解为，在车辆上电且发动机尚未启动的状态下，发动机处于待起动的状态下，在这种状态下，通过油温传感器获取机油的温度，且在机油的温度低于油温阈值的状态下，通过启动加热件对机油进行预热，从而提前降低机油的粘度，进而在后续冷启动的过程中减小在润滑油路中建立油压的难度。同时，加热件设置于发动机的油底壳内，可以在无需启动机油泵使机油流动的情况下对机油进行整体加热。可选的，步骤S301可以与图4中的步骤S101同时进行，从而通过启动机油泵使机油循环流动加快加热件与机油之间的换热，从而进一步提高加热件对机油的加热效果。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种发动机的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述润滑系统包括：
    缸体油路，具有第一油泵，所述缸体油路被配置为对所述发动机的缸体部件进行润滑；
    缸盖油路，具有第二油泵且所述第二油泵为电子泵，所述缸盖油路被配置为对所述发动机的缸盖部件进行润滑；
    连接油路，连接所述缸体油路和所述缸盖油路，且所述连接油路内具有电控阀；
    其中，所述缸体油路设置有油压传感器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述第一油泵为机械泵。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述第一油泵为电子泵。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的润滑系统，其特征在于，所述润滑系统还包括：
    油温传感器，被配置为获取缸体油路内的机油温度；
    加热件，设置于所述发动机的油底壳内。
  7. 一种润滑系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法应用于如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的润滑系统，所述控制方法包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启；
    在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压；
    在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一油泵为机械泵，所述在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述电控阀开启并控制所述第二油泵开启。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一油泵为电子泵，所述在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第二油泵开启包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和第二油泵开启。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量，所述润滑系统还包括设置缸体油路的油温传感器，所述在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启包括：
    在所述油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取缸体油路内的机油的油温；
    在所述油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀打开，控制所述第一油泵开启并控制所述第二油泵关闭，在所述油温高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀关闭，控制所述第一油泵和所述第二油泵打开。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量，所述润滑系统还包括设置缸体油路的油温传感器，所述在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启包括：
    在所述油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取缸体油路内的机油的油温；
    在所述油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀打开，控制所述第一油泵开启并控制所述第二油泵关闭，在所述油温高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀关闭，控制所述第一油泵和所述第二油泵打开。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一油泵的最大排量大于所述第二油泵的最大排量，所述润滑系统还包括设置缸体油路的油温传感器，所述在所述油压高于所述第一油压阈值的状态下，控制所述第一油泵和/或第二油泵开启包括：
    在所述油压高于第一油压阈值的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取缸体油路内的机油的油温；
    在所述油温低于第一油温阈值的状态下，控制所述电控阀打开，控制所述第一油泵开启并控制所述第二油泵关闭，在所述油温高于所述第一油压阈值的 状态下，控制所述电控阀关闭，控制所述第一油泵和所述第二油泵打开。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述润滑系统还包括设置于所述缸体油路内的油温传感器以及设置于发动机的油底壳内的加热件；
    所述在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压之前，所述控制方法还包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取机油的油温，在所述机油的油温低于第二油温阈值的状态下，控制所述加热件开启。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述润滑系统还包括设置于所述缸体油路内的油温传感器以及设置于发动机的油底壳内的加热件；
    所述在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压之前，所述控制方法还包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取机油的油温，在所述机油的油温低于第二油温阈值的状态下，控制所述加热件开启。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述润滑系统还包括设置于所述缸体油路内的油温传感器以及设置于发动机的油底壳内的加热件；
    所述在所述发动机处于运行的状态下，由所述油压传感器获取缸体油路的油压之前，所述控制方法还包括：
    在所述发动机处于停机且车辆处于上电的状态下，由所述油温传感器获取 机油的油温，在所述机油的油温低于第二油温阈值的状态下，控制所述加热件开启。
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