WO2025035236A1 - 电机用接线盒及电机 - Google Patents

电机用接线盒及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025035236A1
WO2025035236A1 PCT/CN2023/112439 CN2023112439W WO2025035236A1 WO 2025035236 A1 WO2025035236 A1 WO 2025035236A1 CN 2023112439 W CN2023112439 W CN 2023112439W WO 2025035236 A1 WO2025035236 A1 WO 2025035236A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box
motor
junction box
box body
ribs
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Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2023/112439
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
裘华潮
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority to CN202380099515.9A priority Critical patent/CN121464567A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/112439 priority patent/WO2025035236A1/zh
Publication of WO2025035236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025035236A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the structure of a junction box of a motor, and in particular to a junction box for a motor and a motor comprising the junction box.
  • a motor In pure electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles, a motor is usually used as a power source to drive the vehicle.
  • the winding of the stator can be connected to an external power source through a cable, so that the external power source can supply power to the winding of the stator through the cable.
  • a junction box is provided outside the housing of the motor, and the cable passes through the housing and extends into the junction box, and then extends out of the junction box to connect to an external power source.
  • the inside of the motor junction box is connected to the inside of the housing, and in order to balance the air pressure between the inside of the motor and the external environment, a vent is formed in the junction box.
  • the vent allows air to pass through, but can prevent liquids or solids from passing through, thereby achieving air pressure balance between the inside of the motor and the external environment using the vent, while also achieving the function of preventing other foreign objects from entering.
  • This application is made in view of the state of the prior art.
  • One object of this application is to provide a junction box for a motor, which can significantly reduce or even avoid the possibility of condensed water condensed on the junction box dripping onto the cables and causing electrical failures.
  • Another object of this application is to provide a motor including the above-mentioned junction box.
  • the present application provides a junction box for a motor, which is formed with a vent hole that allows the inside and outside of the junction box to communicate, and the junction box includes:
  • a box body which is used to be fixed to the housing of the motor and has an opening open to the outside, and the box body is formed with a collecting groove for collecting condensed water;
  • a box cover is mounted on the box body and closes the opening of the box body.
  • the box cover is formed with a guide flow path, which is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction, and the bottom end of the guide flow path is aligned with the opening of the collection tank in the vertical direction, so that condensed water condensed on the box cover can be guided by the guide flow path and flow into the collection tank.
  • the box cover has a plurality of ribs, the plurality of ribs are located inside the junction box, and each of the ribs defines a corresponding guide flow path, so that condensed water condensed on the surface of each rib can be guided by the ribs and flow into the collection tank.
  • each of the ribs extends in a straight line and the multiple ribs are parallel to each other, and the acute angle formed by the ribs and the horizontal direction is ⁇ , satisfying ⁇ 10°.
  • a coating layer containing a hydrophilic material is formed on the surface of each of the ribs.
  • the box body has a bottom, a first side wall portion and a partition wall portion, the first side wall portion rises from the bottom and together with the bottom defines a first space, the partition wall portion rises from the bottom and divides the first space into the collection groove and the cable space for storing cables.
  • the box cover has a top and a second side wall portion, the second side wall portion rises from the top and together with the top defines a second space, the vent hole is located at the top and passes through the top, and the box cover is installed on the box body in a manner that the second side wall portion is aligned with the first side wall portion.
  • the vent hole is aligned with the opening of the second space.
  • the opening of the collecting tank enables steam generated after condensed water in the collecting tank evaporates to be at least partially discharged through the vent hole.
  • the present application also provides a motor as follows, which includes a motor junction box as described in any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the motor includes a shell, and the motor junction box is in the shape of a cuboid or a cube and is obliquely arranged on the upper side of the shell of the motor. In the circumferential direction of the motor, the collecting trough is located at the lower end of the junction box.
  • it further includes a stator, a rotor and a cable, wherein the junction box is fixed to the housing, the cable is connected to the winding of the stator and passes through the housing and extends into the junction box, and the portion of the cable extending into the junction box is separated from the collecting tank.
  • the shell serves as the bottom of the box body.
  • a cooling channel for a cooling fluid for cooling the stator is formed inside the shell.
  • the cooling channel and the collecting groove are staggered in the radial direction of the motor.
  • the present application provides a new type of junction box for a motor and a motor including the junction box.
  • the junction box is formed with a vent hole that allows the inside and outside of the junction box to communicate and includes a box body and a box cover assembled together.
  • the box body is used to be fixed to the housing of the motor and has an opening open to the outside, and the box body is also formed with a collection tank for collecting condensed water.
  • the box cover is installed on the box body and closes the opening of the box body.
  • the box cover is formed with a guide flow path, which is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction, and the bottom end of the guide flow path is aligned with the opening of the collection tank in the vertical direction, so that the condensed water condensed on the box cover can be guided by the guide flow path under the action of gravity and flow into the collection tank.
  • junction box of the present application does not need to significantly change the existing The structure of the junction box realizes the above functions with a relatively simple structural modification, which is conducive to large-scale industrial production.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic diagram showing a motor according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the motor is in a state of not being installed in place.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of the motor in FIG. 1 , wherein the motor is in a state of not being installed in place.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of the motor in FIG. 1 , wherein the motor is in a state of being installed in place and the single-dotted dashed line in the figure is a straight line extending horizontally.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic diagram showing a box cover of a terminal box of the motor in FIG. 1 .
  • stator of the motor is formed as a whole in a cylindrical shape.
  • axial refers to the axial, radial and circumferential directions of the motor (stator), respectively.
  • Radially outer side refers to the side radially away from the central axis of the motor, and “radially inner side” refers to the side radially close to the central axis of the motor.
  • a motor includes a motor terminal box 1 according to the present application, a housing 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, a cable 5, and an insulating plate 6.
  • the stator 3 and the rotor 4 are located inside the housing 2, the terminal box 1 is fixed to the housing 2 and is located outside the housing 2, the cable 5 is connected to the winding 31 of the stator 3 and passes through the housing 2 and extends into the terminal box 1, and the insulating plate 6 is used to separate the portion of the cable 5 extending into the terminal box 1 from the housing 2 to achieve insulation.
  • the motor junction box 1 includes a box body 11, a box cover 12 and a vent valve 13 assembled together.
  • the box body 11 is installed together with the housing 2, for example, the box cover 12 can be fixed to the box body 11 by screws, and the vent valve 13 is inserted into the vent hole 1h (see Figure 4) installed on the box cover 12.
  • the box body 11 is fixed to the housing 2 of the motor and has an opening open to the outside, and the box body 11 is formed with a collection groove 1c for collecting condensed water.
  • the box body 11 has a bottom 111, a first side wall portion 112 and a partition wall portion 113 formed as an integral body.
  • the box body 11 uses the housing body 21 of the housing 2 as the bottom 111.
  • the first side wall portion 112 stands up from the bottom 111, and the first side wall portion 112 includes four side walls connected end to end in a perpendicular manner to each other, so that the first side wall portion 112 and the bottom 111 are formed into a concave shape and together define the first space S1.
  • the partition wall portion 113 also stands up from the bottom 111, the partition wall portion 113 is located in the first space S1, and the partition wall portion 113 is parallel to one side wall of the first side wall portion 112 and is connected to the other two opposite side walls at both ends, thereby the partition wall portion 113
  • the first space S1 is divided into a collecting tank 1c and a cable space for storing the cable 5.
  • the partition wall 113 does not completely isolate the collecting tank 1c from the cable space, and the two are actually still connected.
  • the partition wall 113 is used to prevent the condensed water collected in the collecting tank 1c from entering the cable space, that is, the partition wall 113 actually separates the portion of the cable 5 extending into the junction box 1 from the condensed water in the collecting tank 1c.
  • the box cover 12 is mounted on the box body 11 and closes the opening of the box body 11, and the top 121 of the box cover 12 is formed with a vent 1h for connecting the inside and outside of the junction box 1.
  • the box cover 12 has a top 121, a second side wall portion 122 and a plurality of ribs 123.
  • the top 121 has a flat plate shape.
  • the second side wall portion 122 stands up from the top 121, and the second side wall portion 122 includes four side walls connected end to end in a manner perpendicular to each other, so that the second side wall portion 122 and the top 121 form a concave shape and define the second space S2 together.
  • the box cover 12 is mounted on the box body 11 in a manner that the second side wall portion 122 is aligned with the first side wall portion 112, so that the box cover 12 and the box body 11 surround the internal space of the junction box 1.
  • a plurality of ribs 123 are located inside the junction box 1 and in the second space S2.
  • the plurality of ribs 123 extend linearly in parallel to each other, and adjacent ribs 123 are spaced apart from each other.
  • a coating containing a hydrophilic material (such as polyurethane, etc.) is formed on the surface of each rib 123, which is conducive to the steam concentrated inside the junction box 1 adhering to the surface of the rib 123 and condensing.
  • each rib 123 defines a guide flow path for guiding condensed water, so that the condensed water condensed on the surface of each rib 123 can be guided by the rib 123 roughly along the extension direction of the rib 123 and flow into the collection tank 1c.
  • each rib 123 is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction (that is, the guide flow path is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction), and each rib 123 has a bottom end portion located at the bottom in the vertical direction (including the end portion of the lowest end of the rib 123), and the bottom ends of these ribs 123 are aligned with the opening of the collection tank 1c in the vertical direction, so that the condensed water condensed on the box cover 12 It can be guided by the guide flow path and flow into the collection tank 1c.
  • the vent 1h is located at a corner of the top 121 and passes through the top 121, and the plurality of ribs 123 are configured to avoid the portion where the vent 1h is located.
  • the opening of the vent 1h opening toward the second space S2 is aligned with the opening of the collection tank 1c, so that the steam generated after the condensed water in the collection tank 1c evaporates can be at least partially discharged through the vent 1h, thereby reducing the humidity inside the motor.
  • the vent valve 13 is installed in the vent hole 1h of the box cover 12, which can be used to allow air to pass freely but prevent liquid or solid from passing. In this way, the air pressure between the internal and external environments of the motor can be balanced by using the vent hole 1h and the vent valve 13, and other foreign objects can also be prevented from entering.
  • the housing 2 includes a housing body 21 and a housing cover 22 assembled together.
  • the housing body 21 has a cylindrical shape, and the housing cover 22 is installed at one axial side end of the housing body 21 and closes the axial side opening of the housing body 21, thereby forming an internal space of the housing 2 surrounded by the housing body 21 and the housing cover 22, and most of the structures of the stator 3 and the rotor 4 are accommodated in the internal space of the housing 2.
  • the housing body 21 is formed with a cooling channel 2c for the flow of a cooling fluid (e.g., water) for cooling the stator 3.
  • a cooling fluid e.g., water
  • the cooling channel 2c is staggered with the collecting tank 1c. That is, the portion of the housing body 21 located radially inside the collecting tank 1c is not provided with a cooling channel 2c. In this way, when the motor is in operation, the heat generated by the stator 3 can be easily transferred to the condensed water in the collecting tank 1c via the housing body 21, which is conducive to the evaporation of the condensed water to generate steam for discharge.
  • the stator 3 includes an iron core and a winding 31.
  • the iron core may be formed by stacking silicon steel sheets, and the conductor (e.g., flat wire) of the winding 31 is inserted into the iron core.
  • the body also extends from both ends of the core in the axial direction A.
  • the rotor 4 is located radially inside the stator 3 and has a certain air gap with the stator 3.
  • the rotor 4 can rotate relative to the stator 3, thereby generating torque.
  • three cables 5 may all be copper wires.
  • One end of these cables 5 is connected to the portion of the winding 31 extending from the core to achieve electrical connection, and the other end is connected to an external three-phase (UVW) power supply to achieve electrical connection.
  • the three cables 5 pass through the through hole formed by the shell body 21 to enter the junction box 1, and the through hole of the shell body 21 also connects the interior of the junction box 1 with the interior of the shell 2.
  • the three cables 5 pass through the first side wall portion 112 of the box body 11 after two right-angle bends in the junction box 1 to extend from the junction box 1. It can be understood that the three cables 5 may not be bent or may be bent at any angle and any number of times as needed.
  • junction box 1 can also accommodate one or more of a circuit board, an inverter, a controller, etc., so as to control the power input of the motor.
  • the insulating plate 6 is made of insulating material and is located between the portion of the cable 5 located in the junction box 1 and the housing body 21 , which can improve the electrical insulation properties of the cable 5 .
  • the steam in the junction box 1 will condense into liquid condensed water on the box cover 12 with a relatively lower temperature, or more precisely, on the surface of the ribs 123 of the box cover 12.
  • the surface of the ribs 123 is formed with a hydrophilic coating containing a hydrophilic material (such as polyurethane, etc.).
  • the hydrophilic coating changes the chemical properties of the solid surface to make it hydrophilic, thereby achieving good adhesion and wetting of the liquid.
  • the hydrophilic coating is based on the effect of surface tension (surface tension is the force of mutual attraction between liquid molecules), so that the liquid will have a certain contact angle when it contacts the solid surface.
  • the contact angle between the liquid and the solid surface is less than 90 degrees, the liquid will tend to completely adhere to and wet the solid surface. In this way, it is not easy for the condensed water to form large droplets on the surface of the ribs 123, and it is not easy to fall under the action of gravity. It is more inclined to be adsorbed on the surface of the hydrophilic coating and flow. Therefore, The condensed water will be guided to the collecting groove 1c along the guiding flow path defined by the surface of the rib 123, thereby greatly reducing or even avoiding the possibility of the condensed water condensed on the junction box 1 dripping onto the cable 5 and causing electrical failure. Moreover, the junction box 1 of the present application does not need to significantly change the structure of the existing junction box 1, and can achieve the above functions with a relatively simple structural modification, which is conducive to large-scale industrial production.
  • the box body 11 of the junction box 1 and the housing body 21 of the housing 2 can be formed as one body, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the junction box 1 can be manufactured independently of the housing 2, and the independently manufactured junction box 1 can be fixed to the housing 2 by welding, soldering or other connection methods.
  • the terminal box 1 can be in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, and is tilted above the side of the motor housing 2.
  • the collecting groove 1c is located at the lower end of the terminal box 1 in the circumferential direction of the motor, which is conducive to the collecting groove 1c collecting condensed water.
  • the vent hole 1h is formed in the top 121 of the box cover 12, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the vent hole 1h may be formed in the second side wall portion 122 of the box cover 12, or even in the box body 11. It is understood that in order to allow the steam evaporated from the condensed water of the collection tank 1c to be at least partially discharged to the outside through the vent hole 1h, the vent hole 1h may be arranged as close to the opening of the collection tank 1c as possible.
  • a plurality of ribs 123 are provided so that a guide flow path for guiding condensed water is defined by the plurality of ribs 123, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the guide flow path does not have to be a straight line, and can be a curved shape such as an arc shape.
  • the guide flow path extends linearly, in order to make the cooling
  • the condensed water can be smoothly guided into the collecting tank 1c by the guiding flow path under the action of gravity.
  • the acute angle ⁇ formed by the guiding flow path and the horizontal direction satisfies ⁇ 10°.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种电机用接线盒。该接线盒(1)形成有使得接线盒(1)内外连通的通气孔(1h)且包括盒本体(11)和盒盖(12)。盒本体(11)用于固定于电机的壳体(2)且具有朝向外部开放的开口，盒本体(11)形成有用于收集冷凝水的收集槽(1c)。盒盖(12)安装于盒本体(11)且封闭盒本体(11)的开口，盒盖(12)形成有引导流路，引导流路相对于水平方向倾斜布置，且引导流路的底端部在竖直方向上对准收集槽(1c)的开口，使得在盒盖(12)上冷凝的冷凝水能够被引导流路引导并流入收集槽(1c)中。由此，能够大幅降低甚至避免在接线盒上冷凝的冷凝水滴落到线缆而导致电气故障的可能。还提供了一种包括上述接线盒的电机。

Description

电机用接线盒及电机 技术领域
本申请涉及电机的接线盒的构造，具体地涉及一种电机用接线盒以及包括该接线盒的电机。
背景技术
在纯电动车辆或者混合动力车辆中，通常采用电机作为动力源来驱动车辆行驶。在电机中，定子的绕组可以通过线缆与外部电源相连，从而外部电源能够经由线缆对定子的绕组供电。
典型地，在电机的壳体的外部设置接线盒，线缆穿过壳体伸入接线盒之后再从接线盒伸出以与外部电源相连。电机的接线盒的内部与壳体的内部彼此连通，为了平衡电机的内部和外部环境之间的气压，接线盒形成有通气孔。通气孔允许空气通过，但是能够阻止液体或固体通过，由此利用通气孔实现了电机的内部和外部环境之间的气压平衡，同时还实现了防止其他异物由此进入的功能。
但是由于空气含有一定量的蒸汽，因此电机的内部和接线盒的内部始终存在蒸汽。在电机工作过程中定子产生大量的热，蒸汽将集中到接线盒的内部并且在接线盒(尤其是远离电机的壳体的盒盖)上冷凝，蒸汽冷凝之后的冷凝水可能滴落到线缆上，由此导致线缆产生短路等电气故障。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的状态而做出本申请。本申请的一个目的在于提供一种电机用接线盒，其能够大幅降低甚至避免在接线盒上冷凝的冷凝水滴落到线缆而导致电气故障的可能。本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种包括上述接线盒的电机。
为了实现上述目的，本申请采用如下的技术方案。
本申请提供了一种如下的电机用接线盒，其形成有使得所述接线盒内外连通的通气孔，且所述接线盒包括：
盒本体，其用于固定于电机的壳体且具有朝向外部开放的开口，所述盒本体形成有用于收集冷凝水的收集槽；以及
盒盖，其安装于所述盒本体且封闭所述盒本体的开口，所述盒盖形成有引导流路，所述引导流路相对于所述水平方向倾斜布置，且所述引导流路的底端部在竖直方向上对准所述收集槽的开口，使得在所述盒盖上冷凝的冷凝水能够被所述引导流路引导并流入所述收集槽中。
在一种可选的方案中，所述盒盖具有多个肋，所述多个肋位于所述接线盒的内部，每个所述肋限定对应的所述引导流路，使得在每个所述肋的表面上冷凝的冷凝水能够被所述肋引导并流入所述收集槽中。
在另一种可选的方案中，每个所述肋直线状地延伸并且所述多个肋彼此平行，所述肋与所述水平方向形成的锐角为α，满足α≥10°。
在另一种可选的方案中，每个所述肋的表面形成有包含亲水材料的涂层。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述盒本体具有底部、第一侧壁部和分隔壁部，所述第一侧壁部从所述底部立起且与所述底部一起限定第一空间，所述分隔壁部从所述底部立起且将所述第一空间分隔成所述收集槽和用于收纳线缆的线缆空间。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述盒盖具有顶部和第二侧壁部，所述第二侧壁部从所述顶部立起且与所述顶部一起限定第二空间，所述通气孔位于所述顶部且贯通所述顶部，所述盒盖以所述第二侧壁部与所述第一侧壁部对齐的方式安装于所述盒本体。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述通气孔朝向所述第二空间开放的开口对准 所述收集槽的开口，使得所述收集槽内的冷凝水蒸发之后产生的蒸汽能够至少部分地经由所述通气孔排出。
本申请还提供了一种如下的电机，其包括以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的电机用接线盒。
在一种可选的方案中，所述电机包括壳体，所述电机用接线盒为长方体或立方体形状，倾斜设置在所述电机的所述壳体的侧上方，在所述电机的周向上，所述收集槽位于所述接线盒的高度较低的一端。
在另一种可选的方案中，还包括定子、转子和线缆，所述接线盒固定于所述壳体所述线缆与所述定子的绕组相连且穿过所述壳体伸入所述接线盒，所述线缆的伸入所述接线盒的部分与所述收集槽分隔开，
所述壳体作为所述盒本体的底部，所述壳体的内部形成有用于供冷却所述定子的冷却流体流动的冷却通道，在所述电机的径向上所述冷却通道与所述收集槽错开布置。
通过采用上述技术方案，本申请提供了一种新型的电机用接线盒及包括该接线盒的电机。该接线盒形成有使得接线盒内外连通的通气孔并且包括组装在一起的盒本体和盒盖。盒本体用于固定于电机的壳体且具有朝向外部开放的开口，并且盒本体还形成有用于收集冷凝水的收集槽。进一步地，盒盖安装于盒本体且封闭盒本体的开口。盒盖形成有引导流路，引导流路相对于水平方向倾斜布置，且引导流路的底端部在竖直方向上对准收集槽的开口，使得在盒盖上冷凝的冷凝水能够在重力作用下被引导流路引导并流入收集槽中。
这样，由于在最可能产生冷凝水的盒盖上设置相对于水平方向倾斜的引导流路，因而在重力的作用下能够将绝大部分甚至全部冷凝水经由引导流路引导到收集槽中。由此，能够大幅降低甚至避免在接线盒上冷凝的冷凝水滴落到线缆而导致电气故障的可能。而且，本申请的接线盒不必大幅改变现有 的接线盒的构造，以相对简单的结构变型就实现了上述功能，因而有利于大规模工业生产。
附图说明
图1是示出了根据本申请的一实施例的电机的立体示意图，其中该电机处于未安装到位的状态。
图2是示出了图1中的电机的局部结构的剖视示意图，其中该电机处于未安装到位的状态。
图3是示出了图1中的电机的局部结构的剖视示意图，其中该电机处于安装到位的状态且图中单点划线为水平延伸的直线。
图4是示出了图1中的电机的接线盒的盒盖的立体示意图。
附图标记说明
1接线盒；1h通气孔；1c收集槽；11盒本体；111底部；112第一
侧壁部；113分隔壁部；12盒盖；121顶部；122第二侧壁部；123肋；13通气阀；
2壳体；2c冷却通道；21壳体本体；22壳体盖；
3定子；31绕组；
4转子；
5线缆；
6绝缘板；
S1第一空间；S2第二空间；A轴向。
具体实施方式
以下将结合说明书附图详细说明本申请的具体实施例。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本申请，而不用于穷举本申 请的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本申请的范围。
在本申请中，电机的定子整体形成为圆筒形状，如无特殊说明，“轴向”、“径向”和“周向”分别是指电机(定子)的轴向、径向和周向。“径向外侧”是指沿着径向远离电机的中心轴线的那侧，“径向内侧”是指沿着径向接近电机的中心轴线的那侧。
以下结合说明书附图说明根据本申请的一实施例的电机及该电机所包括的接线盒。
如图1至图3所示，根据本申请的一实施例的电机包括根据本申请的电机用接线盒1、壳体2、定子3、转子4、线缆5和绝缘板6。定子3和转子4位于壳体2的内部，接线盒1固定于壳体2且位于壳体2的外部，线缆5与定子3的绕组31相连且穿过壳体2伸入接线盒1，绝缘板6用于使得线缆5的伸入接线盒1的部分与壳体2分隔开以实现绝缘。
具体地，在本实施例中，如图1至图3所示，电机用接线盒1包括组装在一起的盒本体11、盒盖12和通气阀13。盒本体11与壳体2安装在一起，例如，盒盖12可以通过螺钉固定安装于盒本体11，并且通气阀13插入安装于盒盖12的通气孔1h(参见图4)中。
如图1至图3所示，盒本体11固定于电机的壳体2且具有朝向外部开放的开口，并且盒本体11形成有用于收集冷凝水的收集槽1c。具体地，盒本体11具有形成为一体的底部111、第一侧壁部112和分隔壁部113。盒本体11以壳体2的壳体本体21作为底部111。第一侧壁部112从底部111立起，第一侧壁部112包括以彼此垂直的方式首尾相接的四个侧壁，使得第一侧壁部112与底部111形成为凹陷形状且一起限定第一空间S1。进一步地，分隔壁部113也从底部111立起，分隔壁部113位于第一空间S1内，并且分隔壁部113与第一侧壁部112的一个侧壁平行且两端与另外两个相对的侧壁相连，由此分隔壁部113 将第一空间S1分隔成收集槽1c和用于收纳线缆5的线缆空间。在本实施例中，分隔壁部113并非使收集槽1c和线缆空间完全隔绝，两者之间实际上仍然是连通的，分隔壁部113用于防止收集在收集槽1c中的冷凝水进入线缆空间，也就是说分隔壁部113实际上将线缆5的伸入接线盒1的部分与收集槽1c的冷凝水分隔开。
如图1至图3所示，盒盖12安装于盒本体11且封闭盒本体11的开口，并且盒盖12的顶部121形成有用于使得接线盒1内外连通的通气孔1h。具体地，盒盖12具有顶部121、第二侧壁部122和多个肋123。顶部121具有平板形状。如图4所示，第二侧壁部122从顶部121立起，第二侧壁部122包括以彼此垂直的方式首尾相接的四个侧壁，使得第二侧壁部122与顶部121形成凹陷形状且一起限定第二空间S2。在本实施例中，如图2和图3所示，盒盖12以第二侧壁部122与第一侧壁部112对齐的方式安装于盒本体11，使得盒盖12和盒本体11包围形成了接线盒1的内部空间。
进一步地，如图4所示，多个肋123位于接线盒1的内部且位于第二空间S2内。多个肋123彼此平行地直线状地延伸，并且相邻的肋123之间彼此间隔开。每个肋123的表面形成有包含亲水材料(例如聚氨酯等)的涂层，有利于集中在接线盒1的内部的蒸汽附着于肋123的表面上冷凝。通过采用上述构造，每个肋123限定了用于引导冷凝水的引导流路，使得在每个肋123的表面上冷凝的冷凝水能够大致沿着肋123的延伸方向被肋123引导并流入收集槽1c中。为了使得冷凝水在重力的作用下能够顺利地被引导流路引导到收集槽1c中，在整个电机安装到位之后，如图3所示，每个肋123相对于水平方向倾斜布置(也就是说引导流路相对于水平方向倾斜布置)，并且每个肋123具有在竖直方向上位于最下方的底端部(包括肋123的最低端的端部)，这些肋123的底端部在竖直方向上对准收集槽1c的开口，使得在盒盖12上冷凝的冷凝水 能够被引导流路引导并流入收集槽1c中。进一步地，如图3所述，设肋123与水平方向形成的锐角为α，在本实施例中，α＝30°。进一步地，如图3和图4所示，通气孔1h位于顶部121的一个角部处且贯通顶部121，多个肋123被构造成避开通气孔1h所在的部位。在整个电机安装到位之后，通气孔1h朝向第二空间S2开放的开口对准收集槽1c的开口，使得收集槽1c内的冷凝水蒸发之后产生的蒸汽能够至少部分地经由通气孔1h排出，进而降低电机的内部的湿度。
如图1至图3所示，通气阀13安装在盒盖12的通气孔1h中，可以用于允许空气自由通过但是阻止液体或固体通过。这样，利用通气孔1h和通气阀13，能够平衡电机的内部和外部环境之间的气压，而且还能够防止其他的异物进入。
在本实施例中，如图1至图3所示，壳体2包括组装在一起的壳体本体21和壳体盖22。壳体本体21具有圆筒形状，壳体盖22安装在壳体本体21的轴向一侧端且封闭壳体本体21的轴向一侧开口，由此利用壳体本体21和壳体盖22包围形成壳体2的内部空间，定子3和转子4两者的绝大部分构造都收纳在壳体2的内部空间中。
进一步地，如图2和图3所示，壳体本体21形成有用于供冷却定子3的冷却流体(例如水)流动的冷却通道2c。但是，在电机的径向上，冷却通道2c与收集槽1c错开布置。也就是说壳体本体21的位于收集槽1c的径向内侧的部分不设置冷却通道2c。这样，在电机处于工作状态下，定子3产生的热量能够较容易地经由壳体本体21传导到收集槽1c内的冷凝水，使得有利于冷凝水蒸发产生蒸汽而排出。
在本实施例中，如图2和图3所示，定子3包括铁芯和绕组31。铁芯可以通过硅钢片层叠而成，绕组31的导体(例如扁线)插入铁芯中，绕组31的导 体还从铁芯的轴向A上的两端伸出。
在本实施例中，如图1至图3所示，转子4位于定子3的径向内侧且与定子3之间具有一定的气隙。转子4能够相对于定子3转动，从而产生扭矩。
在本实施例中，如图1至图3所示，例如三条的多条线缆5可以均是铜线。这些线缆5的一端与绕组31从铁芯伸出的部分相连实现电连接，且另一端与外部的三相(UVW)电源相连实现电连接。这三条线缆5穿过壳体本体21形成的通孔进入接线盒1，壳体本体21的通孔也使得接线盒1的内部与壳体2的内部连通。三条线缆5在接线盒1内通过两次直角弯折之后穿过盒本体11的第一侧壁部112以从接线盒1伸出。可以理解，三条线缆5可以根据需要不进行弯折或者进行任意角度和任意次数的弯折。
可以理解，接线盒1的内部还可以容纳电路板、逆变器、控制器等中的一者或多者，以便控制电机的电力输入。
在本实施例中，如图2和图3所示，绝缘板6由绝缘材料制成且绝缘板6位于线缆5的位于接线盒1内的部分和壳体本体21之间，这样能够改善线缆5的电绝缘特性。
通过采用上述的技术方案，在接线盒1内的蒸汽将在温度相对更低的盒盖12上冷凝成液态的冷凝水，更准确地说是盒盖12的肋123的表面上冷凝成液态的冷凝水。如上所述，肋123的表面形成有包含亲水材料(例如聚氨酯等)的亲水涂层，亲水涂层通过改变固体表面的化学性质，使其具有亲水性，从而实现液体的良好附着润湿。亲水涂层基于表面张力(表面张力是液体分子之间相互吸引的力)的作用，使得液体在接触到固体表面时会出现一定的接触角。由此在液体与固体表面的接触角小于90度情况下，液体将趋向于完全附着润湿固体表面。这样，冷凝水在肋123的表面不容易形成大的液滴，也就不容易在重力的作用下掉落，更倾向于吸附在亲水涂层表面流动。因而， 冷凝水将沿着肋123的表面限定的引导流路被引导到收集槽1c中，由此大幅降低甚至避免在接线盒1上冷凝的冷凝水滴落到线缆5上导致电气故障的可能。而且，本申请的接线盒1不必大幅改变现有的接线盒1的构造，以相对简单的结构变型就实现了上述功能，因而有利于大规模工业生产。
应当理解，上述实施例仅是示例性的，不用于限制本申请。本领域技术人员可以在本申请的教导下对上述实施例做出各种变型和改变，而不脱离本申请的范围。进一步地，进行如下补充说明。
i.在以上的实施例中，接线盒1的盒本体11与壳体2的壳体本体21可以形成为一体，但是本申请不限于此。接线盒1可以独立于壳体2制造，并且独立制造的接线盒1可以通过熔接、焊接或者其他连接方式与壳体2彼此固定在一起。
可以理解，接线盒1可以为长方体或立方体形状，倾斜设置在电机的壳体2的侧上方，在电机的周向上收集槽1c位于接线盒1的高度较低的一端，使得有利于收集槽1c收集冷凝水。
ii.在以上的实施例中，通气孔1h形成于盒盖12的顶部121中，但是本申请不限于此。通气孔1h可以形成于盒盖12的第二侧壁部122，甚至通气孔1h可以形成于盒本体11。可以理解，为了使得从收集槽1c的冷凝水蒸发的蒸汽能够至少部分地经由通气孔1h排出到外部，通气孔1h的设置位置可以尽可能地靠近收集槽1c的开口。
iii.在以上的实施例中，通过设置多个肋123从而由多个肋123限定引导冷凝水的引导流路，但是本申请不限于此。只要可以顺利将冷凝水引导到收集槽1c中，可以采用其他构造来实现上述引导流路。而且，引导流路不必是直线状，可以呈例如弧形形状等的曲线形状。
进一步地，可以理解，在引导流路直线状地延伸的情况下，为了使得冷 凝水在重力的作用下能够顺利地被引导流路引导到收集槽1c中，在可选的方案中，引导流路与水平方向形成的锐角α满足α≥10°。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电机用接线盒，其形成有使得所述接线盒(1)内外连通的通气孔(1h)，且所述接线盒(1)包括：
    盒本体(11)，其用于固定于电机的壳体(2)且具有朝向外部开放的开口，所述盒本体(11)形成有用于收集冷凝水的收集槽(1c)；以及
    盒盖(12)，其安装于所述盒本体(11)且封闭所述盒本体(11)的开口，所述盒盖(12)形成有引导流路，所述引导流路相对于所述水平方向倾斜布置，且所述引导流路的底端部在竖直方向上对准所述收集槽(1c)的开口，使得在所述盒盖(12)上冷凝的冷凝水能够被所述引导流路引导并流入所述收集槽(1c)中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，所述盒盖(12)具有多个肋(123)，所述多个肋(123)位于所述接线盒(1)的内部，每个所述肋(123)限定对应的所述引导流路，使得在每个所述肋(123)的表面上冷凝的冷凝水能够被所述肋(123)引导并流入所述收集槽(1c)中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，每个所述肋(123)直线状地延伸并且所述多个肋(123)彼此平行，所述肋(123)与所述水平方向形成的锐角为α，满足α≥10°。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，每个所述肋(123)的表面形成有包含亲水材料的涂层。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，所述盒本体(11)具有底部(111)、第一侧壁部(112)和分隔壁部(113)，所述第一侧壁部(112)从所述底部(111)立起且与所述底部(111)一起限定第一空间(S1)，所述分隔壁部(113)从所述底部(111)立起且将所述第一空间(S1)分隔成所述收集槽(1c)和用于收纳线缆(5)的线缆空间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，所述盒盖(12) 具有顶部(121)和第二侧壁部(122)，所述第二侧壁部(122)从所述顶部(121)立起且与所述顶部(121)一起限定第二空间(S2)，所述通气孔(1h)位于所述顶部(121)且贯通所述顶部(121)，所述盒盖(12)以所述第二侧壁部(122)与所述第一侧壁部(112)对齐的方式安装于所述盒本体(11)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电机用接线盒，其特征在于，所述通气孔(1h)朝向所述第二空间(S2)开放的开口对准所述收集槽(1c)的开口，使得所述收集槽(1c)内的冷凝水蒸发之后产生的蒸汽能够至少部分地经由所述通气孔(1h)排出。
  8. 一种电机，其包括权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电机用接线盒(1)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机包括壳体(2)，所述电机用接线盒(1)为长方体或立方体形状，倾斜设置在所述电机的所述壳体(2)的侧上方，在所述电机的周向上，所述收集槽(1c)位于所述接线盒(1)的高度较低的一端。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电机，其特征在于，还包括定子(3)、转子(4)和线缆(5)，所述接线盒(1)固定于所述壳体(2)所述线缆(5)与所述定子(3)的绕组(31)相连且穿过所述壳体(2)伸入所述接线盒(1)，所述线缆(5)的伸入所述接线盒(1)的部分与所述收集槽(1c)分隔开，
    所述壳体(2)作为所述盒本体(11)的底部(111)，所述壳体(2)的内部形成有用于供冷却所述定子(3)的冷却流体流动的冷却通道(2c)，在所述电机的径向上所述冷却通道(2c)与所述收集槽(1c)错开布置。
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CN113726078A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2021-11-30 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种防电机凝露的接线盒结构
CN115483792A (zh) * 2022-08-29 2022-12-16 东风柳州汽车有限公司 一种防冷凝水的接线盒结构

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