WO2025001844A1 - 摄像模组及应用于摄像模组的驱动机构 - Google Patents

摄像模组及应用于摄像模组的驱动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025001844A1
WO2025001844A1 PCT/CN2024/098697 CN2024098697W WO2025001844A1 WO 2025001844 A1 WO2025001844 A1 WO 2025001844A1 CN 2024098697 W CN2024098697 W CN 2024098697W WO 2025001844 A1 WO2025001844 A1 WO 2025001844A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
assembly
driving
movable
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/098697
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
傅强
刘雨墨
赵波杰
丁海灵
周涵琦
王恩亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningbo Sunny Opotech Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningbo Sunny Opotech Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202310768231.6A external-priority patent/CN119255077A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202310842541.8A external-priority patent/CN119342309A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202310937624.5A external-priority patent/CN119483331A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202310972996.1A external-priority patent/CN119448819A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202311009357.1A external-priority patent/CN119511602B/zh
Application filed by Ningbo Sunny Opotech Co Ltd filed Critical Ningbo Sunny Opotech Co Ltd
Priority to CN202480032094.2A priority Critical patent/CN121195510A/zh
Publication of WO2025001844A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001844A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50Constructional details
    • H04N23/55Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a camera module and a driving mechanism applied to the camera module.
  • a motor is usually set in the camera module to drive the entire optical lens or part of the optical lens to move to realize at least one of the above functions.
  • the piezoelectric motor is a motor with fast response, large driving force, and high driving accuracy.
  • the use of a piezoelectric motor can significantly improve the performance of the camera module.
  • the optical lens is set on a movable carrier, and the movable carrier is movably set on a fixed frame, and a piezoelectric motor is installed between the two.
  • the piezoelectric motor provides pre-pressure to the movable carrier so that it abuts against the movable carrier, and on the other hand, it can drive the movable carrier to move relative to the fixed frame through friction, thereby realizing the lens adjustment function.
  • the movable carrier may tilt relative to the fixed frame, causing the movable carrier to be stuck in a certain position, losing the lens adjustment function, and resulting in reduced imaging quality of the camera module.
  • a piezoelectric motor is a motor with fast response, strong driving force and high driving precision.
  • the use of a piezoelectric motor can significantly improve the performance of the camera module.
  • This application provides a new piezoelectric motor solution to improve shooting effects.
  • One purpose of the present application is to provide a driving mechanism applied to a camera module, which can prevent a movable part from tilting relative to a fixed part, thereby preventing the movable part from getting stuck relative to the fixed part.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a camera module, which is beneficial to improving imaging quality because the movable parts equipped with optical lenses can be adjusted smoothly.
  • One object of the present application is to provide a driving mechanism applied to a camera module, which can prevent a movable carrier from tilting relative to a fixed frame, thereby preventing the movable carrier from getting stuck relative to the fixed frame.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a camera module, which is beneficial to improving imaging quality because the movable carrier equipped with an optical lens can be smoothly adjusted.
  • One purpose of the present application is to provide a piezoelectric motor, which prevents the actuating component from tilting relative to the moving part by improving the pre-stressing component, thereby improving the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a camera module to achieve the purpose of improving shooting effects.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a piezoelectric motor assembly process to improve the consistency of the pre-pressure provided by the pre-pressure assembly in multiple piezoelectric motors in the same batch.
  • One object of the present application is to provide a piezoelectric motor that reduces the risk of a movable carrier tilting relative to a fixed frame and avoids jamming of a supporting assembly.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a camera module to achieve smooth adjustment of a movable carrier equipped with an optical lens and improve photographic effects.
  • One purpose of the present application is to provide a driving device for a camera module, so as to reduce the risk of a movable carrier tilting relative to a fixed frame and avoid the movable carrier and a supporting assembly from getting stuck.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a camera module, which is beneficial to improving imaging quality because the movable carrier equipped with the lens assembly can be adjusted smoothly.
  • a driving mechanism applied to a camera module which includes:
  • the fixing member comprising a support surface
  • a movable member the movable member is movably disposed on the fixed member, and the movable member includes a contact surface disposed opposite to the supporting surface;
  • a guide assembly the guide assembly being located between the support surface and the contact surface so as to maintain a fixed gap between the fixed member and the movable member;
  • a driving assembly the driving assembly is connected to the fixing member and abuts against the movable member and provides a pre-pressure
  • a magnetic attraction component includes at least one group of a first magnetic attraction component and a second magnetic attraction component, the first magnetic attraction component is arranged on one of the fixed component and the movable component, the second magnetic attraction component is arranged on the other of the fixed component and the movable component, the first magnetic attraction component interacts with the second magnetic attraction component to attract the contact surface of the movable component to the support surface of the fixed component, and the direction of the magnetic attraction force generated by the magnetic attraction component is parallel to the pre-pressure direction of the driving component.
  • the guide assembly and the drive assembly are arranged on the same side of the movable part.
  • the guide assembly comprises a first guide member and a second guide member, and the first guide member and the second guide member are both arranged adjacent to the driving assembly.
  • the guide assembly, the drive assembly and the magnetic attraction assembly are all arranged on the same side of the movable part.
  • the magnetic attraction component comprises a first group of magnetic attraction components and a second group of magnetic attraction components which are arranged relative to the driving component, and the first group of magnetic attraction components and the second group of magnetic attraction components are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving component.
  • the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member in the first group of magnetic components are respectively arranged on both sides of the first guide member, and the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member in the second group of magnetic components are respectively arranged on both sides of the second guide member, the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member of the first group of magnetic components attract each other, and the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member in the second group of magnetic components attract each other.
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly, wherein the pre-stressing assembly is connected to the fixing member, and the actuating assembly is connected to the pre-stressing assembly, and the pre-stressing assembly provides the pre-stressing assembly to the actuating assembly so that the friction head of the actuating assembly abuts against one side of the movable member and applies the pre-stressing force to the movable member, and the pre-stressing force is in the same direction as the magnetic attraction force.
  • the actuating assembly receives a driving signal
  • the friction head provides a driving force to the movable member to drive the movable member to move.
  • a plane passing through the center line of the pre-stressing component and extending along the pre-stressing direction is taken as a reference plane, and the first group of magnetic components and the second group of magnetic components are symmetrically arranged with respect to the reference plane.
  • the pre-stressing assembly includes a structural member and a buffer member, the elastic modulus of the structural member is greater than that of the buffer member, the fixing member is provided with an opening extending from the outer wall of the fixing member to the inner wall thereof, the structural member is connected to the outer wall of the fixing member, one side of the buffer member is attached to the structural member, and the other side is attached to the actuating assembly, the buffer member and the actuating assembly thereon pass through the opening and abut against the movable member.
  • the length of the first magnetic part is L
  • the length of the second magnetic part is Y
  • the travel range of the movable part driven by the driving component is D, Y>L+D, or L>Y+D.
  • it further comprises a magnetic induction component, which is arranged relative to the magnetic attraction component, so as to determine the position of the movable part by inducing changes in the magnetic field.
  • the movable part is provided with an outer convex portion, which is formed by protruding from the outer side wall of the movable part in a direction away from the driving component
  • the fixed part is provided with an inner convex portion, which is formed by protruding from the inner side wall of the fixed part in a direction close to the driving component.
  • the inner convex portion is arranged opposite to the outer convex portion, the contact surface is formed on the outer convex portion, and the support surface is formed on the inner convex portion.
  • the movable member is further provided with an inner concave portion, the inner concave portion is formed by being recessed from the outer side wall of the movable member toward the direction close to the driving assembly, the outer convex portion is connected to the inner concave portion and cooperates to form a first groove, and the inner convex portion is suitable for inserting the first
  • the fixing member is provided with an outer recessed portion, which is recessed from the inner side wall of the fixing member in a direction away from the driving component. The outer recessed portion is connected to the inner convex portion and cooperates to form a second groove, and the outer convex portion is suitable for being inserted into the second groove.
  • the support surface is provided with a first guide groove and a third guide groove
  • the contact surface is provided with corresponding second guide groove and fourth guide groove
  • the first guide groove and the second guide groove cooperate to clamp the first guide member therein
  • the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove cooperate to clamp the second guide member therein
  • the first guide member and the second guide member keep the support surface and the contact surface parallel.
  • a camera module which includes:
  • a photosensitive component arranged relative to the optical lens
  • the optical lens is arranged on the movable part.
  • the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction assembly makes the contact surface of the movable part tend to move toward the support surface of the fixed part, so that the contact surface and the support surface can cooperate to clamp the guide assembly, and the clamping is stable and reliable, realizing the tight assembly between the fixed part, the movable part and the guide assembly;
  • the magnetic attraction can act on the movable part so that the position of the movable part is corrected in time, thereby maintaining the parallelism between the supporting surface and the contact surface, that is, the movable part is prevented from tilting when moving along the optical axis, and the movable part can move smoothly along the optical axis.
  • the movable part equipped with an optical lens can smoothly adjust its position, which is conducive to improving the imaging quality;
  • the magnetic component has a simple structure and low cost
  • Adding a guide component to reduce the friction contact area between the movable part and the fixed part helps to reduce the friction force on the movable part when it moves relative to the fixed part, making it easier for the movable part to be driven.
  • a driving mechanism applied to a camera module which includes:
  • a fixed frame comprising a support surface
  • a movable carrier the movable carrier being movably arranged on the fixed frame, and the movable carrier comprising a contact surface arranged opposite to the supporting surface;
  • a guide assembly wherein the guide assembly is located between the support surface and the contact surface so as to maintain a first gap between the support surface and the contact surface;
  • a driving assembly wherein the driving assembly is connected to the fixed frame and abuts against the movable carrier and applies a pre-pressure to the movable carrier, wherein the pre-pressure causes the contact surface to tend to move away from the supporting surface;
  • the magnetic suction component includes a first magnetic suction component and a second magnetic suction component
  • the first magnetic suction component is arranged on the fixed frame
  • the second magnetic suction component is arranged on the movable carrier
  • the first magnetic suction component and the second magnetic suction component interact with each other to apply a magnetic suction force to the movable carrier
  • the direction of the magnetic suction force is opposite to the direction of the pre-pressure
  • the magnetic suction force is greater than the pre-pressure
  • the fixed frame has a first frame side
  • the movable carrier has a first carrier side
  • the first frame side is arranged opposite to the first carrier side
  • the inner surface of the first frame side forms the supporting surface
  • the outer surface of the first carrier side forms the contact surface
  • the guide assembly and the drive assembly are both arranged between the first frame side and the first carrier side.
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly is connected to the fixed frame
  • the actuating assembly is connected to the pre-stressing assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly provides the pre-stressing assembly to the actuating assembly, so that the friction head of the actuating assembly abuts against the outer surface of the side of the first carrier, and the pre-stressing assembly acts on the movable carrier.
  • the guide assembly comprises a first guide member and a second guide member, and the first guide member and the second guide member are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving assembly.
  • the first magnetic attraction member is disposed on a side portion of the first frame, and the second magnetic attraction member is disposed on a side portion of the first carrier.
  • the magnetic attraction component comprises a first group of magnetic attraction components and a second group of magnetic attraction components which are arranged relative to the driving component, and the first group of magnetic attraction components and the second group of magnetic attraction components are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving component.
  • the first group of magnetic components is arranged on a side of the first guide member away from the driving component
  • the second group of magnetic components is arranged on a side of the second guide member away from the driving component
  • the first group of magnetic components is arranged between the first guide member and the driving component
  • the second group of magnetic components is arranged between the second guide member and the driving component.
  • the first group of magnetic components and the second group of magnetic components are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the driving component, and the magnetic attraction force generated by the first group of magnetic components is equal to the magnetic attraction force generated by the second group of magnetic components.
  • the magnetic attraction components are provided as a group, and along the pre-pressure direction, the first magnetic attraction member and the second magnetic attraction member in the group of magnetic attraction components are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving component.
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly is connected to the fixed frame
  • the actuating assembly is connected to the pre-stressing assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly provides the pre-stressing assembly to the actuating assembly, so that the friction head of the actuating assembly abuts against the outer surface of the side of the first carrier, and the pre-stressing is applied to the movable carrier
  • the pre-stressing assembly forms the first magnetic attraction member
  • the middle part of the second magnetic attraction member is arranged opposite to the friction head.
  • the first magnetic attraction member and the second magnetic attraction member are arranged parallel to each other, and both are extended along the moving direction of the movable carrier, so that the magnetic attraction force is perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable carrier.
  • the length of the first magnetic member is L
  • the length of the second magnetic member is Y
  • the travel range of the movable carrier driven by the driving assembly is D
  • L ⁇ Y+D is L
  • the fixed frame includes a second frame side portion and a fourth frame side portion respectively arranged at both ends of the first frame side portion, the inner surfaces of the second frame side portion and the inner surfaces of the fourth frame side portion respectively protrude inwardly to form inner convex portions
  • the movable carrier includes a second carrier side portion and a fourth carrier side portion respectively arranged at both ends of the first carrier side portion, the outer surfaces of the second carrier side portion and the outer surfaces of the fourth carrier side portion respectively protrude outwardly to form outer convex portions, the outer convex portions are located between the inner convex portions and the supporting surface, a second gap is provided between a side of the outer convex portion facing away from the contact surface and a side of the inner convex portion facing the supporting surface, and a width of the second gap is smaller than a width of other gaps between the movable carrier and the fixed frame.
  • the first magnetic attraction member and/or the second magnetic attraction member is a magnet
  • the driving mechanism further comprises a magnetic induction member, which is arranged relative to at least one of the magnets, so as to determine the position of the movable carrier by inducing changes in the magnetic field.
  • a camera module which includes:
  • a photosensitive component arranged relative to the optical lens
  • the optical lens is arranged on the movable carrier.
  • the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction assembly makes the contact surface of the movable carrier tend to move toward the support surface of the fixed frame, so that the contact surface and the support surface can cooperate to clamp the guide assembly, and the clamping is stable and reliable, realizing the tight assembly between the fixed frame, the movable carrier and the guide assembly;
  • the magnetic attraction force is in the opposite direction to the pre-pressure and is greater than the pre-pressure.
  • the magnetic attraction force can support the movable carrier in parallel to the fixed frame through the guide assembly. Even when the pre-pressure is tilted, the magnetic attraction force can completely offset the component of the pre-pressure that is not perpendicular to the contact surface between the friction head and the movable carrier, and keep the opposite surfaces of the movable carrier and the fixed frame parallel to each other.
  • the magnetic attraction can act on the movable carrier to make it tilt.
  • the position of the movable carrier is corrected in time, thereby maintaining the parallelism between the supporting surface and the contact surface, that is, avoiding the tilt of the movable carrier when moving along the optical axis, and the movable carrier can move smoothly along the optical axis.
  • the movable carrier equipped with the optical lens can smoothly adjust its position, which is conducive to improving the imaging quality.
  • the magnetic suction component has a simple structure and low cost
  • the setting of the guide assembly allows a first gap to be maintained between the support surface and the contact surface, which can reduce the friction contact area between the movable carrier and the fixed frame, thereby helping to reduce the friction force on the movable carrier when it moves relative to the fixed frame, making it easier for the movable carrier to be driven.
  • a piezoelectric motor applied to a camera module comprising:
  • a movable part, the movable part is movably connected to the fixed part;
  • a driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly includes a buffer and a structural member
  • the structural member is connected to the fixed member
  • the buffer is arranged between the structural member and the actuating assembly, and is suitable for being deformed by the compression of the structural member and the actuating assembly
  • the pre-stressing assembly applies a pre-pressure to the actuating assembly so that the actuating assembly abuts against the movable member, so that the actuating assembly is suitable for driving the movable member to move relative to the fixed member when receiving a driving signal.
  • the structural member includes a first mounting surface facing the buffer member
  • the buffer member includes a second mounting surface opposite to the first mounting surface, and a third mounting surface arranged opposite to the second mounting surface
  • the first mounting surface is fitted with the second mounting surface
  • the actuator assembly includes a piezoelectric vibrator and a friction head, the piezoelectric vibrator is fitted with the third mounting surface, a side of the piezoelectric vibrator facing away from the third mounting surface is connected to the friction head, and the friction head abuts against the movable member.
  • the structural member includes a first mounting surface facing the buffer member
  • the buffer member includes a second mounting surface opposite to the first mounting surface, and a third mounting surface opposite to and parallel to the second mounting surface
  • the first mounting surface is bonded to the second mounting surface
  • the actuator assembly includes a flexible circuit board, a piezoelectric vibrator and a friction head, two opposite surfaces of the flexible circuit board are respectively bonded to the third mounting surface and the piezoelectric vibrator, a side of the piezoelectric vibrator facing away from the third mounting surface is connected to the friction head, and the friction head abuts against the movable member.
  • the movable part is arranged in the fixed part, and the fixed part is provided with an opening penetrating through both sides of the fixed part.
  • the structural part is arranged on the outside of the fixed part, and the size of the structural part in at least one direction is larger than the size of the opening.
  • the buffer part and the actuating assembly pass through the opening, so that the actuating assembly can abut against the movable part.
  • the structural member is connected to the fixing member via an adhesive, and the adhesive covers at least a portion of a peripheral side of the structural member.
  • the elastic coefficient of the structural member is greater than or equal to 1.2*10 ⁇ 5 N/m; and the thickness of the structural member is greater than or equal to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the elastic modulus of the buffer component is greater than or equal to 100 KPa and less than or equal to 100 MPa; the thickness of the buffer component is greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 800 ⁇ m.
  • the buffer member is an adhesive tape, and two opposite surfaces of the buffer member are respectively bonded to the structural member and the actuating assembly.
  • the piezoelectric motor comprises:
  • a first frame movably connected to the base and adapted to move relative to the base in a first direction, wherein a first driving mechanism is provided between the first frame and the base;
  • a second frame is movably connected to the first frame and is suitable for moving relative to the first frame along a second direction, and a second driving mechanism is provided between the second frame and the first frame;
  • a third frame movably connected to the second frame and adapted to move relative to the second frame along a third direction, a third driving mechanism being provided between the third frame and the second frame;
  • At least one of the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is the driving assembly
  • the first driving mechanism is the driving assembly
  • the base is a fixed part and the first frame is a movable part
  • the second driving mechanism is the driving assembly
  • the first frame is a fixed part and the second frame is a movable part
  • the third driving mechanism is the driving assembly
  • the second frame is a fixed part and the third frame is a movable part.
  • a camera module which includes:
  • a lens assembly disposed in the piezoelectric motor
  • the photosensitive component is arranged relative to the lens component.
  • an assembly process of a piezoelectric motor which includes the steps of:
  • S1 Provide a fixed part, a movable part, and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly includes a pre-pressing assembly and an actuating assembly, and the pre-pressing assembly includes a buffer part and a structural part;
  • step S6 fixing the structural member on the fixing member, and during the fixing process, continuously applying the pressure provided in step S5 to the structural member, and after the fixing of the structural member is completed, removing the pressure;
  • S2 and S3 are in no particular order.
  • step S5 further includes the steps of: obtaining a value of the pressure applied to the structural member through a pressure sensor, and adjusting the pressure until it is the same as a preset value.
  • fixing the structural member on the fixing member specifically includes the steps of: applying glue on the circumference of the structural member and making the glue contact with the fixing member, continuously applying the pressure provided in step S5 to the structural member, and completing the fixing of the structural member after the glue is cured, and removing the pressure.
  • the pre-pressing assembly will deform and bend, causing the actuating assembly to tilt relative to the moving part, and then the actuating assembly drives the moving part to move at different speeds relative to the fixed part in two opposite directions, affecting the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the present application improves the structure of the pre-pressing assembly, and the structural parts will not be significantly deformed under the action of the pre-pressing force, which can prevent the actuating assembly from tilting relative to the moving part, thereby improving the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor and thus improving the shooting effect of the camera module;
  • the buffer member Since the buffer member is deformable, the buffer member is disposed between the structural member and the actuator assembly. When the piezoelectric motor is assembled, the deformation of the buffer member can offset at least part of the pre-stress change caused by the material tolerance and the assembly tolerance.
  • the present application also provides an assembly process for a piezoelectric motor, which can adaptively adjust the compression degree of the buffer in multiple piezoelectric motors in the same batch by improving the structure of the pre-stressing component and utilizing the deformation characteristics of the buffer, thereby improving the consistency of the pre-stress in multiple piezoelectric motors in the same batch;
  • a spring sheet is generally used as a pre-stressing component, and the spring sheet is connected to the actuating component through an adhesive such as UV glue or thermosetting glue. Since the elastic modulus of the adhesive is large after curing, the piezoelectric vibrator in the actuating component and the spring sheet form a rigid whole, which will affect the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator and thus affect the driving effect.
  • the buffer member of the present application can absorb part of the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator, which is conducive to maintaining the setting angle of the piezoelectric vibrator relative to the movable member, so that the actual motion state of the piezoelectric vibrator is close to the design value, and the influence of the external environment, such as the deformation of the pre-stressing component, on the motion of the piezoelectric vibrator is reduced;
  • the buffer member can be attached between the actuator assembly and the structural member, which not only facilitates assembly, but also avoids the problem of affecting the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator caused by using adhesives such as UV glue or thermosetting glue to bond the spring piece in the prior art.
  • a piezoelectric motor applied to a camera module which includes:
  • a movable carrier the movable carrier being movably arranged on the fixed frame
  • a driving assembly the driving assembly is connected to the fixed frame and abuts against the movable carrier;
  • a support assembly wherein the support assembly is disposed between the fixed frame and the movable carrier, and the support assembly cooperates with the driving assembly so that the movable carrier is supported on the fixed frame; and the driving assembly and the support assembly are disposed on the same side of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the supporting assembly is a guide rod
  • the movable carrier is provided with at least two protrusions suitable for contacting the guide rod, and the at least two protrusions are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the length direction of the guide rod.
  • the movable carrier is provided with two protrusions, and the two protrusions are located at two ends of the movable carrier, and the middle portion of the movable carrier is relatively recessed to be separated from the middle portion of the supporting assembly.
  • the support assembly comprises a first support member and a second support member, and the first support member and the second support member are respectively located on two sides of the driving assembly.
  • the first support member and the second support member are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving assembly.
  • the fixed frame has a first frame side
  • the movable carrier has a first carrier side
  • the first frame side is arranged opposite to the first carrier side
  • the driving assembly is arranged between the first frame side and the first frame side
  • the fixed frame is provided with a first inner convex portion and a second inner convex portion protruding toward the movable carrier
  • both ends of the first carrier side are provided with a first outer convex portion and a second outer convex portion protruding toward the fixed frame
  • the first outer convex portion is located between the first frame side and the first inner convex portion
  • the second outer convex portion is located between the first frame side and the second inner convex portion
  • the first support member is located between the first outer convex portion and the first inner convex portion
  • the second support member is located between the second outer convex portion and the second inner convex portion.
  • a first guide groove is provided on the first inner convex portion, and a second guide groove is provided on the first outer convex portion.
  • the first guide groove and the second guide groove are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a first channel extending along a first direction.
  • the first support member is arranged in the first channel to guide the movement direction of the movable carrier.
  • a first support portion is provided on the second inner convex portion, and a second support portion is provided on the second outer convex portion.
  • the first support portion and the second support portion are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a second channel extending along the first direction.
  • the second support member is arranged in the second channel.
  • At least one of the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion is provided with a supporting plane suitable for contacting the second supporting member, and the second supporting member is suitable for adjusting its position perpendicular to the first direction along the supporting plane.
  • the first support member is disposed in the first channel and is suitable for moving along a first direction
  • the second support member is disposed in the second channel and is suitable for moving at least along the first direction
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly, wherein the pre-stressing assembly is connected to the fixed frame, and the actuating assembly is connected to the pre-stressing assembly, and the pre-stressing assembly provides pre-stress to the actuating assembly so that the driving end of the actuating assembly abuts against the movable carrier and applies the pre-stress to the movable carrier, so that the actuating assembly is suitable for driving the movable carrier to move relative to the fixed frame when receiving a driving signal.
  • the pre-stressing assembly comprises a structural member and a buffer member, wherein the structural member is connected to the fixed frame, and the buffer member is disposed between the structural member and the actuating assembly and is adapted to be deformed by being squeezed by the structural member and the actuating assembly.
  • a camera module which includes:
  • the photosensitive component is arranged relative to the lens component.
  • the support assembly and the driving assembly are arranged on the same side of the piezoelectric motor, so that the distance from the support assembly to the driving assembly is designed to be shorter. In this way, the driving force of the driving assembly exerts a smaller torque on the movable carrier. In the case where the driving force may be tilted relative to the movable carrier, The present application reduces the risk of tilting of the movable carrier by reducing the moment, and the position of the movable carrier and the lens assembly thereon can be adjusted as expected.
  • the tilt of the movable carrier may further cause the support assembly to get stuck, thereby causing the movable carrier to be unable to move relative to the fixed frame and unable to achieve the focusing function.
  • the present application reduces the risk of the movable carrier tilting and the probability of the support assembly getting stuck, so that the position of the movable carrier can be smoothly adjusted and the piezoelectric motor can reliably achieve the focusing function, thereby improving the photographing effect.
  • the setting of the support assembly can reduce the friction contact area between the movable carrier and the fixed frame, which is beneficial to reducing the friction force received by the movable carrier when it moves relative to the fixed frame, and the movable carrier is easy to be driven by the driving assembly.
  • a driving device applied to a camera module, comprising:
  • a movable carrier the movable carrier being movably arranged on the fixed frame
  • a driving assembly the driving assembly is connected to the fixed frame and abuts against the movable carrier, applies a pre-pressure to the movable carrier, and is adapted to drive the movable carrier to move relative to the fixed frame when receiving a driving signal;
  • a support assembly wherein the support assembly comprises a first support member and a second support member, wherein the first support member abuts against the fixed frame and the movable carrier respectively, and a certain gap exists between the second support member and the fixed frame and/or the movable carrier.
  • the supporting assembly and the driving assembly are arranged on the same side of the driving device.
  • the first support member and the second support member are located on the same side of the driving assembly.
  • the first support member is closer to the driving assembly than the second support member.
  • the first support member and the second support member are located on both sides of the driving assembly.
  • the first support member, the second support member, and the drive assembly are arranged along a straight line.
  • the movable carrier includes a first outer convex portion
  • the fixed frame includes a first inner convex portion
  • the first outer convex portion and the first inner convex portion are arranged opposite to each other
  • the first support member is arranged between the first outer convex portion and the first inner convex portion.
  • a first guide portion is provided on the first outer convex portion
  • a second guide portion is provided on the first inner convex portion
  • two sides of the first support member are respectively abutted against the first guide portion and the second guide portion
  • the first guide portion, the second guide portion and the first support member cooperate to guide the movable carrier to move along the first direction.
  • the movable carrier further includes a second outer convex portion
  • the fixed frame further includes a second inner convex portion
  • the second outer convex portion and the second inner convex portion are arranged opposite to each other
  • the second support member is arranged between the second outer convex portion and the second inner convex portion.
  • a third guide portion is provided on the second outer convex portion
  • a fourth guide portion is provided on the second inner convex portion
  • the second support member is arranged between the third guide portion and the fourth guide portion.
  • the third guide portion, the fourth guide portion and the second support member cooperate to provide a certain space for adjustment of the movable carrier.
  • the first support member and the second support member are both guide rods, the guide rods are arranged along a first direction, and at least two protrusions suitable for contacting the guide rods are provided on the movable carrier at intervals along the first direction.
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-stressing assembly and an actuating assembly, wherein the pre-stressing assembly is connected to the fixed frame, and the actuating assembly is connected to the pre-stressing assembly, and the pre-stressing assembly provides pre-stress to the actuating assembly so that the driving end of the actuating assembly abuts against the movable carrier and applies the pre-stress to the movable carrier, so that the actuating assembly is suitable for driving the movable carrier to move relative to the fixed frame when receiving a driving signal.
  • the pre-stressing assembly comprises a structural member and a buffer member, wherein the structural member is connected to the fixed frame, and the buffer member is disposed between the structural member and the actuating assembly and is adapted to be deformed by being squeezed by the structural member and the actuating assembly.
  • a camera module which includes:
  • a lens assembly disposed in the driving device
  • the photosensitive component is arranged relative to the lens component.
  • the first support member Under the action of the pre-pressure of the driving device, the first support member abuts against the fixed frame and the movable carrier respectively, and the first support member, the fixed frame and the movable carrier are tightly assembled, so that the movable carrier is movably supported on the fixed frame and can move smoothly.
  • the second support member In the case that the movable carrier is tilted due to the influence of the pre-pressure, the second support member abuts against the fixed frame and the movable carrier, which can correct the movable carrier and make the movable carrier driven in the expected direction of movement.
  • the tilt of the movable carrier may further cause the support assembly to get stuck, which in turn causes the movable carrier to be unable to move relative to the fixed frame and unable to achieve the focusing function.
  • the present application reduces the risk of the movable carrier tilting and can also reduce the probability of the support assembly and the movable carrier getting stuck, so that the position of the movable carrier can be smoothly adjusted and the driving device can reliably achieve the focusing function, thereby improving the photographing effect.
  • the setting of the support assembly can reduce the friction contact area between the movable carrier and the fixed frame, which is beneficial to reducing the friction force received by the movable carrier when it moves relative to the fixed frame, and the movable carrier is easy to be driven by the driving assembly.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in the prior art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of pre-pressure inclination
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a top view of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction in Fig. 5;
  • FIG7 is a top view of a movable member in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a top view of a fixing member in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a top view of a driving mechanism in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C direction in Fig. 9;
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a driving assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction-resistant plate in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-pressing assembly in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pre-pressing assembly shown in FIG13 ;
  • FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in the prior art
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of pre-pressure inclination
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG21 is a top view of a driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction in Fig. 21;
  • FIG24 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a driving assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG25 is a top view of a fixed frame in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG26 is a top view of a movable carrier in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG27 is a cross-sectional view of a driving mechanism along a direction perpendicular to the central axis in a preferred embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C direction in Fig. 21;
  • FIG29 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a movable carrier in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a fixed frame in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG31 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-pressing assembly in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG32 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pre-pressing assembly shown in FIG31;
  • FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG34 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG35 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG36 is a cross-sectional view of a camera module in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG37 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a piezoelectric motor in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG38 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a piezoelectric motor in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG39 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a pre-pressing assembly in the prior art.
  • FIG40 is a schematic diagram of the actuating assembly and the movable part tilting after the pre-pressing assembly is deformed in the prior art
  • FIG41 is a schematic structural diagram of a base and a first frame in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG42 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first frame and the second frame in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG43 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second frame and the third frame in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG44 is a schematic diagram of the structure of three driving components and a flexible circuit board in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG45 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a pre-pressing assembly in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG46 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the actuating assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG47 is an enlarged view of the local structure at A in FIG38;
  • FIG48 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the structural member and the fixing member
  • FIG49 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric motor in the prior art.
  • Fig. 50 is a schematic diagram of the movable carrier being tilted
  • FIG51 is a top view of a piezoelectric motor in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG52 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a piezoelectric motor in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 53 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A direction in Fig. 51;
  • FIG54 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable carrier
  • FIG55 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the piezoelectric motor at the first support member
  • FIG56 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the piezoelectric motor at the second support member
  • Fig. 57 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B direction in Fig. 51;
  • FIG58 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the drive assembly
  • FIG59 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a piezoelectric vibrator
  • FIG60 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the structural member
  • FIG61 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a driving device in the prior art.
  • Fig. 62 is a schematic diagram of the pre-pressure tilting causing the movable carrier to tilt
  • FIG63 is a top view of a driving device in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG64 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a driving device in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG65 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A direction in FIG63;
  • Fig. 66 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the driving device at the first support member
  • Fig. 67 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the driving device at the second support member
  • FIG68 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed frame
  • Fig. 69 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable carrier
  • FIG70 is a top view of a driving device in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG71 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of a support assembly and a drive assembly in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG72 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a driving assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG73 is a schematic diagram of the driving principle of the actuating assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 74 is a schematic diagram of the driving principle of the actuating assembly in another preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides a driving mechanism applied to a camera module, as shown in Figures 3 to 16, including a fixed part 10, a movable part 20, a driving assembly 30 and a guide assembly 40.
  • the movable part 20 is movably connected to the fixed part 10, and the driving assembly 30 abuts against the movable part 20 and provides a pre-pressure P.
  • the driving assembly 30 receives a driving signal, it can rub against the movable part 20 under the action of the pre-pressure P, thereby driving the movable part 20 to move.
  • the guide assembly 40 is arranged between the fixed part 10 and the movable part 20, so that there is a fixed gap between the opposite surfaces of the fixed part 10 and the movable part 20, which can reduce the friction force on the movable part 20 when it moves relative to the fixed part 10.
  • the driving mechanism has a central axis O
  • the movable member 20 is movably disposed in the fixed member 10 and is suitable for moving along the central axis O direction.
  • the movable part 20 is movably arranged in the fixed part 10, and an optical lens is carried on the movable part 20.
  • the optical lens has an optical axis, and the direction of the central axis O is parallel to the optical axis direction of the optical lens.
  • the movable part 20 can move along the optical axis direction relative to the fixed part 10, thereby driving the optical lens to move along the optical axis direction to realize the optical focusing function.
  • the movable member 20 may move relative to the fixed member 10 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby realizing an optical image stabilization function.
  • the driving component 30 is specifically implemented as a piezoelectric motor, which is a motor with fast response, large driving force and high driving precision.
  • the motor with high degree can be used in the camera module.
  • the driving component 30 includes a pre-stressing component 31 and an actuating component 32.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 is connected to the fixing component 10, and the actuating component 32 is connected to the pre-stressing component 31.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 provides a pre-stressing force P perpendicular to the direction of the central axis O to the actuating component 32, so that the actuating component 32 abuts against one side of the movable part 20.
  • the actuating component 32 provides a driving force F to the movable part 20 to guide the movable part 20 to move along the direction of the central axis O.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the friction head 323 is fixed to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable part 20.
  • the friction head 323 abuts against the side wall of the movable part 20 under the action of the pre-pressing force P, that is, the friction head 323 and the pre-pressing assembly 31 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the friction head 323 is moved by the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and the friction between the friction head 323 and the outer wall of the movable part 20 is used to drive the movable part 20 to move in a straight line along the central axis O.
  • the driving force F can actually be understood as the friction force applied by the friction head 323 to the movable part 20.
  • the actuator assembly 32 also includes a piezoelectric circuit board 321, which is specifically a flexible circuit board, i.e., an FPC.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board 321 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to supply power to the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board 321 can be set on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable part 20.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 is disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable part 20 , so as to provide a pre-stressing force P toward the movable part 20 to the friction head 323 disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable part 20 .
  • the guide assembly 40 is disposed between the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10. One side of the guide assembly 40 abuts against the fixed member 10, and the other side abuts against the movable member 20, and applies a supporting force N perpendicular to the central axis O to the movable member 20.
  • the supporting force N can cooperate with the pre-pressure P applied by the driving assembly 30 to the movable member 20, so that the movable member 20 is clamped between the guide assembly 40 and the fixed member 10, and the movable member 20 can move along the central axis O under the action of the driving force F of the actuating assembly 32, that is, the driving assembly 30 cooperates with the guide assembly 40 to guide the movable member 20 to move along the central axis O.
  • the guide assembly 40 can change the contact mode between the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10, such as point contact and line contact, reduce the friction contact area between the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10, and help reduce the friction force f1 when the movable member 20 moves relative to the fixed member 10.
  • the guide assembly 40 can be implemented as a ball 43. Under the action of the pre-pressing assembly 31, a plurality of balls 43 are clamped between the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10, and the balls 31 are in point contact with the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10.
  • the guide assembly 40 can be implemented as a guide rod 44. Under the action of the pre-load assembly 31, multiple guide rods 44 are clamped between the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10. There is line contact between the guide rod 44 and the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10, which reduces the risk of jamming compared to the ball 43.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 causes the friction head 323 to move by deformation, and when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, the angle between the friction head 323 and the abutment surface of the movable part 20 changes accordingly, resulting in the pre-pressure P not acting perpendicularly on the side wall of the movable part 20, but the direction of the pre-pressure P has a certain inclination relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable part 20 is located.
  • the pre-pressure component 31 may bend to a certain extent due to the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, resulting in the direction of the pre-pressure P relative to the angle of the abutment surface. That is to say, under certain circumstances, the direction of the pre-pressure P is inclined relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable part 20 is located. In this case, when the actuating component 32 drives the movable part 20 to move, it is easy to cause the movable part 20 to tilt.
  • the guide assembly 40 is disposed at two diagonal positions of the movable part 20.
  • the guide assembly 40 disposed at two diagonal positions of the movable part 20 and the actuating assembly 32 are disposed at three points on the side wall of the movable part 20.
  • the distance from the center position where the actuating assembly 32 and the movable part 20 are in frictional contact to the connecting line of the guide assembly 40 disposed at two diagonal positions is the lever arm x.
  • the magnitude of the overturning moment M of the movable part 20 at the diagonal position is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lever arm x.
  • the three-point arrangement makes the lever arm x and the overturning moment M larger.
  • the movable part 20 When the movable part 20 is driven by the actuating assembly 32 to move along the central axis O, the movable part 20 will have a larger inclination angle, causing the movable part 20 to tilt, affecting the speed and effect of optical focusing.
  • the two diagonal guide assemblies 40 may generate uncertain friction force, causing the moving stroke and moving speed of the movable part 20 to fail to meet the standards.
  • the diagonal guide assembly 40 may squeeze the driving assembly 30, causing the friction force of the guide assembly 40 to increase.
  • the guide assembly 40 when the guide assembly 40 is implemented as a ball 43, it is possible that the movable member 20 and the ball 43 are stuck, or the movable member 20 and the ball 43 fall off, so that the movable member 20 cannot continue to move, affecting the focusing effect.
  • it is a guide rod 44, the situation will be better than that of the ball 43, but the inclination of the movable part 20 will also affect the optical focusing effect.
  • the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are arranged on the same side of the movable part 20.
  • the arrangement of the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 on the same side of the movable part 20 reduces the distance from the friction head 323 of the actuating assembly 32 to the connecting line between the two guide assemblies 40, that is, x becomes smaller, thereby reducing the torque M.
  • the inclination angle of the movable part 20 is small, so that the risk of the movable part 20 tilting is reduced, avoiding affecting the optical focusing effect.
  • the assembly gap refers to the gap reserved for the movable part 20 and the guide assembly 40 to be assembled in the fixed part 10.
  • the assembly gap the movable part 20 and the guide assembly 40 can be assembled in the fixed part 10, but also leave space for the movable part 20 to tilt.
  • the assembly between the guide assembly 40 and the fixed part 10 and the movable part 20 may not be tight enough, resulting in a greater possibility of tilting of the movable part 20.
  • the guide assembly 40 will be stuck between the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10, making the movable part 20 unable to move to achieve the optical focusing function.
  • the present application improves the structure of the driving mechanism and proposes a driving mechanism applied to a camera module: as shown in Figures 3 to 14, it includes a fixed part 10, a movable part 20, a driving assembly 30, a guide assembly 40 and a magnetic attraction assembly 50, the fixed part 10 includes a supporting surface 11, the movable part 20 is movably arranged on the fixed part 10, the movable part 20 includes a contact surface 21, the supporting surface 11 and the contact surface 21 are arranged opposite to each other, the guide assembly 40 is located between the supporting surface 11 and the contact surface 21, so that a fixed gap is maintained between the fixed part 10 and the movable part 20, the driving assembly 30 is connected to the fixed part 10, and at the same time abuts against the movable part 20 and provides a Pre-pressure P, the magnetic attraction component 50 includes at least one group of second magnetic attraction parts 51 and first magnetic attraction parts 52 arranged in pairs, the first magnetic attraction part 52 is arranged on one of the fixed part 10 and the movable part 20, and the second magnetic attraction part 51 is
  • the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction component 50 makes the contact surface 21 of the movable part 20 have a tendency to move toward the support surface 11 of the fixed part 10, so that the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11 can cooperate to clamp the guide component 40, and the clamping is stable and reliable, realizing the tight assembly between the fixed part 10, the movable part 20, and the guide component 40.
  • the magnetic attraction can act on the movable part 20 so that the position of the movable part 20 is corrected in time, thereby maintaining the mutual parallelism between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, that is, the movable part 20 is prevented from tilting when moving, and the movable part 20 can move smoothly along the central axis O of the driving component, and the magnetic attraction component 50 has a simple structure and low use cost.
  • the magnetic attraction force is in the same direction as the pre-pressure P, and the movable part 20 can be supported in parallel on the fixed part 10 at the same time.
  • the second magnetic attraction part 51 and the first magnetic attraction part 52 are arranged relatively along the direction of the pre-pressure P to avoid the pre-pressure P generating a component force in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O, causing the movable part 20 to be displaced under the action of the component force and affecting the camera function.
  • the component force that is not perpendicular to the abutment surface between the friction head 323 and the movable part 20 is difficult to cause the movable part 20 to tilt, thereby keeping the relative surfaces of the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10 parallel to each other.
  • the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21 can clamp each support member, which is conducive to improving the parallelism between different support members, thereby reducing the assembly tolerance of the drive mechanism and ensuring the stable operation of the drive mechanism.
  • the present application can provide an embodiment, as shown in FIG15, two guide components 40 are arranged at two diagonal corners of the movable part 20, and the driving component 30 and the two guide components 40 are arranged at three points on the side wall of the movable part 20. It can be understood that due to the existence of the magnetic attraction force, when the pre-pressure P is inclined, although the overturning moment M is large, the magnetic attraction force can offset part or all of the component force of the pre-pressure P that is not perpendicular to the contact surface between the friction head 323 and the movable part 20, thereby reducing the possibility of the movable part 20 being tilted.
  • the present application can also provide an embodiment, as shown in Figure 16, the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are arranged on opposite sides of the movable part 20.
  • the overturning moment M of the movable part 20 is also large, but the magnetic attraction force can offset part or all of the component of the pre-pressure P that is not perpendicular to the abutment surface between the friction head 323 and the movable part 20, thereby reducing the possibility of the movable part 20 tilting.
  • the present application further explains the structure of the magnetic attraction assembly 50.
  • the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are arranged on the same side of the movable part 20 to reduce the torque M and reduce the risk of the movable part 20 tilting.
  • the guide assembly 40 includes a first guide member 41 and a second guide member 42, and the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 are both arranged adjacent to the driving assembly 30.
  • the movable member 20 includes a first outer wall 22, a second outer wall 23, and a third outer wall 24 connected in sequence, and the first outer wall 22 and the third outer wall 24 are arranged opposite to each other, and the fixed member 10 includes a first inner wall 12, a second inner wall 23, and a third inner wall 24 connected in sequence.
  • the second inner wall 13, the third inner wall 14, and the driving assembly 30 are arranged between the second inner wall 13 and the second outer wall 23, the first inner wall 12 is arranged opposite to the first outer wall 22, the third inner wall 14 is arranged opposite to the third outer wall 24, the first guide member 41 is arranged between the first outer wall 22 and the first inner wall 12, and is arranged on a side relatively close to the driving assembly 30, the second guide member 42 is arranged between the second outer wall 23 and the second inner wall 13, and the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the guide assembly 40, the drive assembly 30 and the magnetic attraction assembly 50 are all arranged on the same side of the movable part 20, and the several structures that apply force to the movable part 20 are arranged relatively concentratedly, which is conducive to maintaining a compact structure.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 includes a first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and a second group of magnetic attraction components 55 arranged relative to the driving component 30, and the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving component 30.
  • the magnetic attraction force can be provided to the movable part 20 from both sides, and the magnetic attraction force has a better effect.
  • the position of the magnetic attraction component 50 is related to the position of the guide component 40, and the magnetic attraction component 50 is arranged adjacent to the guide component 40.
  • the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 is arranged adjacent to the first guide member 41
  • the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 is arranged adjacent to the second guide member 42, so that the torque between the magnetic attraction force and the guide component is relatively small, the magnetic attraction force can act more directly on the guide component 40, and the utilization rate of the magnetic attraction force is high.
  • the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the first magnetic component 54 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first guide member 41, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the second magnetic component 55 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second guide member 42, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the first magnetic component 54 attract each other, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the second magnetic component 55 attract each other.
  • first magnetic component 54 and the first guide member 41 are arranged in a colinear manner
  • second magnetic component 55 and the second guide member 42 are arranged in a colinear manner, which is conducive to directly applying the magnetic attraction force to the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11, thereby clamping the guide component 40.
  • a plane passing through the center line of the pre-pressing component 31 and extending in the direction of the pre-pressing force P is used as a reference plane, and the first group of magnetic suction components 54 and the second group of magnetic suction components 55 are symmetrically arranged about the reference plane to provide equal magnetic suction forces to both sides of the movable part 20.
  • the pre-pressing force P may be applied to the center of the contact side wall between the friction head 323 and the movable part 20, and the first group of magnetic suction components 54 and the second group of magnetic suction components 55 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pre-pressing component 31, so that the movable part 20 is subjected to symmetrical magnetic suction forces on both sides, thereby preventing the movable part 20 from tilting to one side due to the different magnitudes of the magnetic suction forces on both sides, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focus and/or optical image stabilization effect.
  • the present application also takes into account that the movable part 20 can move relative to the fixed part 10.
  • the length of the second magnetic part 51 is Y
  • the length of the first magnetic part 52 is L
  • L is larger than Y
  • the travel range of the movable part 20 driven by the driving component 30 is D, Y>L+D, or L>Y+D. Then, during the entire movement process of the movable part 20 driven by the driving component 30, the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 have a portion of the opposite surfaces that remain overlapped in the direction perpendicular to the central axis O. Therefore, during the movement of the movable part 20, a certain magnitude of magnetic attraction is always generated between the second magnetic component 51 and the first magnetic component 52.
  • the length Y of the first magnetic member 52 is greater than the sum of the length L of the second magnetic member 51 and the travel range D of the movable member 20 .
  • the width of the first magnetic member 52 is greater than the width of the second magnetic member 51, and the edge of the second magnetic member 51 can be directly opposite to the inside of the first magnetic member 52.
  • the first magnetic member 52 and the second magnetic member 51 can always generate a certain magnetic attraction between each other.
  • a mounting groove 173 is provided on the fixed member 10, and the first magnetic member 52 is installed in the mounting groove 173.
  • a receiving groove 273 is provided on the movable member 20, and the second magnetic member 51 is installed in the receiving groove 273.
  • the second magnetic member 51 and the first magnetic member 52 do not occupy additional space, which is conducive to keeping the structure of the entire driving mechanism compact, and the second magnetic member 51 and the first magnetic member 52 are shielded and protected by the mounting groove 173 and the receiving groove 273, respectively.
  • Figure 9 is a top view of the driving mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present application. Since the second magnetic member 51 is in the receiving groove 273 and is in a shielded state, the second magnetic member 51 is indicated by a dotted line in the figure.
  • the second magnetic member 51 and the first magnetic member 52 are both configured in a regular block or sheet shape, with a simple structure and easy processing and forming, and it is convenient to open a corresponding shape of the receiving groove 273 or the installation groove 173.
  • the first magnetic attraction member 52 is a magnet having magnetic attraction force
  • the second magnetic attraction member 51 is an object suitable for being attracted by the magnet.
  • the second magnetic attraction member 51 is a magnet having magnetic attraction
  • the first magnetic attraction member 52 is an object suitable for being attracted by the magnet. body.
  • the magnet can be a metal alloy permanent magnet, such as neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet, or ferrite permanent magnet, or rare earth permanent magnet.
  • Objects suitable for being adsorbed by the magnet include but are not limited to magnets and metal sheets, such as low-cost iron sheets.
  • the second magnetic attraction component 51 and the first magnetic attraction component 52 can attract each other, and their specific materials are not limited.
  • the second magnetic component 51 and the first magnetic component 52 may be mutually exclusive.
  • the two are two magnets with the same polarity. It can be understood that it is necessary to adjust the installation position of the magnetic component 50 so that the magnetic force exerted by the magnetic component 50 on the movable part 20 is opposite to the pre-pressure P of the driving component 30.
  • the second magnetic component 51 can be set on the second outer wall 23 of the movable part 20, and the first magnetic component 52 can be set on the second inner wall 13 of the fixed part 10.
  • the driving mechanism further includes a magnetic sensing component 53, which is disposed relative to the magnetic attraction component 40, so as to determine the position of the movable component 20 by sensing changes in the magnetic field.
  • the arrangement of the magnetic induction component 53 relative to the magnetic attraction component 40 means that the magnetic induction component 53 is arranged relative to the magnet.
  • the magnetic induction component 53 can be arranged on the fixed component 10 relative to the second magnetic attraction component 51 so as to detect changes in the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic induction component 53 and the second magnetic attraction component 51 are arranged opposite to each other along a direction parallel to the prepressure P.
  • the second magnetic attraction component 51 is a magnet.
  • the magnetic induction element 53 is a Hall induction sensor, or a magnetoelectric induction sensor, or a magnetoresistive effect sensor, such as a magnetic sensitive element TMR using a tunnel magnetoresistive effect, or a chip integrated with a magnetic induction function, or other elements capable of sensing changes in a magnetic field.
  • one magnetic induction component 53 is provided, which is arranged relative to a magnet in the magnetic attraction component 40. In some other embodiments, two magnetic induction components 53 are provided, which are arranged relative to the magnets in the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 respectively.
  • the movable member 20 or the fixed member 10 is provided with an embedding groove, and the magnetic induction member 53 is disposed in the embedding groove.
  • the magnetic induction element can be shielded and protected, and second, the magnetic induction member 53 does not need to occupy additional space, which is conducive to keeping the structure of the entire driving mechanism compact.
  • the present application describes the adaptation structure between the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10 .
  • the movable part 20 is provided with an outer protrusion 27, which protrudes from the outer wall of the movable part 20 in a direction away from the driving component 30, and the fixed part 10 is provided with an inner protrusion 17, which protrudes from the inner wall of the fixed part 10 in a direction close to the driving component 30.
  • the outer protrusion 27 and the inner protrusion 17 are arranged opposite to each other, a contact surface 21 is formed on the outer protrusion 27, and a support surface 11 is formed on the inner protrusion 17.
  • the structure is simple and can achieve structural adaptation of the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10, so that the movable part 20 can be tightly assembled on the fixed part 10.
  • the outer convex portion 27 and the inner convex portion 17 are both arranged on a side adjacent to the driving assembly 30, so that the guide assembly 40 and the driving assembly 30 can be arranged on the same side of the movable member 20.
  • the guide assembly 40 is clamped between the outer convex portion 27 and the inner convex portion 17, so that by reducing the value of x, the value of the overturning moment M acting on the movable member 20 is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the movable member 20 tilting.
  • the second magnetic member 51 is arranged on the outer protrusion 27
  • the first magnetic member 52 is arranged on the inner protrusion 17, and the guide assembly 40 and the magnetic assembly 50 are concentrated at the inner protrusion 17 and the outer protrusion 27, which is conducive to keeping the structure of the entire driving mechanism compact.
  • the magnetic induction member 53 and the first magnetic member 52 are arranged on the inner convex portion 17 of the fixed member 10
  • the second magnetic member 51 is arranged on the outer convex portion 27 of the movable member 20
  • the first magnetic member 52 is arranged between the magnetic induction member 53 and the second magnetic member 51, and along the direction of the parallel preload P, the three are collinear with the second guide member 42.
  • the guide assembly 40, the magnetic assembly 50, and the magnetic induction member 53 are concentrated at the inner convex portion 17 and the outer convex portion 27, which is conducive to keeping the structure of the entire drive mechanism compact, and the second magnetic member 51 is a magnet, and the sum of its length Y and the movable member stroke D is less than the length L of the first magnetic member 52, and the magnetic induction member 53 is opposite to the second magnetic member 51, which is conducive to detecting the change of the magnetic field and thus judging the position of the movable member 20.
  • the movable member 20 is provided with an inner recess 26, which is formed by being recessed from the outer side wall of the movable member 20 in a direction close to the driving assembly 30, and the outer protrusion 27 is connected to the inner recess 26 and cooperates to form a first groove 28, and the inner protrusion 17 is suitable for inserting into the first groove 28.
  • the fixed member 10 is provided with an outer recess 16, which is formed by being recessed from the inner side wall of the fixed member 10 in a direction away from the driving assembly 30, and the outer recess 16 is connected to the inner protrusion 17 and cooperates to form a second groove 18, and the outer protrusion 27 is suitable for inserting into the second groove 18.
  • the inner protrusion 17 and the outer protrusion 27 can relatively extend a greater distance in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O, which is convenient for setting the guide assembly 40, and the adaptation structure between the fixed member 10 and the movable member 20 is relatively compact, which is conducive to reducing the size of the driving mechanism in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the guide assembly 40 includes a first guide member 41 and a second guide member 42, and correspondingly, the outer protrusion 27, the inner recess 26, the inner protrusion 17, and the outer recess 16 are all set to two, and the relevant structure is as follows: the side of the first outer wall 22 connected to the second outer wall 23 protrudes outward in the direction away from the driving assembly 30 to form a first outer protrusion 271, and the first outer wall 22 is concave inward from the side of the first outer protrusion 271 away from the second outer wall 23 along the direction close to the driving assembly 30 to form a first inner recess 261, and the first inner recess 261 cooperates with the first outer protrusion 271 to form a first groove 281.
  • the side of the third outer wall 24 connected to the second outer wall 23 protrudes outward in the direction away from the driving assembly 30 to form a second outer protrusion 272, and the third outer wall 24 is concave inward from the side of the second outer protrusion 272 away from the second outer wall 23 along the direction close to the driving assembly 30 to form a second inner recess Part 262, the second inner recess 262 cooperates with the second outer protrusion 272 to form a first groove 282; similarly, the side where the first inner wall 12 is connected to the second inner wall 13 is recessed outwardly in the direction away from the driving component 30 to form a first outer recess 161, and the first inner wall 12 protrudes inwardly in the direction close to the driving component 30 from the side of the first outer recess 161 away from the second inner wall 13 to form a first inner protrusion 171, and the first outer recess 161 cooperates with the first inner protrusion 171 to form a second groove 181; the side where the third inner wall 14
  • the guide assembly 40 includes a first guide member 41 and a second guide member 42, and correspondingly, the outer protrusion 27, the inner recess 26, the inner protrusion 17, and the outer recess 16 are all set to two, and the relevant structure is as follows: the side of the first outer wall 22 connected to the second outer wall 23 protrudes outward in the direction away from the central axis O to form a first outer protrusion 271, and the first outer wall 22 is concave inward from the side of the first outer protrusion 271 away from the second outer wall 23 along the direction close to the central axis O to form a first inner recess 261, and the first inner recess 261 cooperates with the first outer protrusion 271 to form a first groove 281.
  • the side of the third outer wall 24 connected to the second outer wall 23 protrudes outward in the direction away from the central axis O to form a second outer protrusion 272, and the third outer wall 24 is concave inward from the side of the second outer protrusion 272 away from the second outer wall 23 along the direction close to the central axis O to form a second inner recess Part 262, the second inner recess 262 cooperates with the second outer protrusion 272 to form a first groove 282; similarly, the side where the first inner wall 12 is connected to the second inner wall 13 is recessed outwardly in a direction away from the central axis O to form a first outer recess 161, and the first inner wall 12 protrudes inwardly in a direction close to the central axis O from the side of the first outer recess 161 away from the second inner wall 13 to form a first inner protrusion 171, and the first outer recess 161 cooperates with the first inner protrusion 171 to form a second groove 18
  • the basic shapes of the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10 are both square.
  • the movable part 20 also includes a fourth outer wall 25 opposite to the second outer wall 23, and the fixed part 10 also includes a fourth inner wall 15 opposite to the second inner wall 13.
  • the overall shapes of the movable part 20 and the fixed part 10 are regular and easy to process.
  • guide grooves extending in a direction parallel to the central axis O are respectively provided on the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, and the guide assembly 40 is extended in a direction parallel to the central axis O and is clamped and limited by the guide grooves on both sides. It can be understood that the guide assembly 40 is continuously clamped in the guide grooves on both sides.
  • the guide assembly 40 is driven by the movable member 20 and moves in a direction parallel to the central axis O under the guidance of the guide grooves.
  • the guide assembly 40 cooperates with the guide grooves on both sides to limit the movement direction of the movable member 20 to a certain extent, prevent the movable member 20 from rotating and tilting on a plane parallel to the support surface 11, and guide the movable member 20 to move along the central axis O.
  • the support surface 11 is provided with a first guide groove 111 and a third guide groove 112 at intervals
  • the contact surface 21 is provided with a corresponding second guide groove 211 and a fourth guide groove 212.
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 cooperate to clamp the first guide member 41 therein and guide the first guide member 41 to move along the central axis O
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 cooperate to clamp the second guide member 42 therein, and the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 keep the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21 parallel.
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 are a group of V-shaped grooves with grooves facing each other
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are a group of V-shaped grooves with grooves facing each other.
  • the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 support the movable member 20 from both sides of the driving assembly 30, respectively, and cooperate with the two groups of guide grooves to guide the movable member 20 to move along the central axis O. In other words, the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 support and position the movable member 20.
  • first guide groove 111 to the fourth guide groove 212 are all set as V-shaped grooves, then due to certain manufacturing tolerances of the movable member 20 and/or the fixed member 10, there will be a certain offset between the actual position of the guide groove and the preset point. After aligning the V-shaped openings of one set of guide grooves during assembly, there may be misalignment between the other pair of guide grooves, making it difficult to align, resulting in difficulty in installing one of the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 between the two misaligned guide grooves. In other words, setting all guide grooves as V-shaped grooves requires higher processing accuracy and higher processing costs.
  • the shape of the guide groove is improved so that the second guide member 42 can move in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O along the groove bottom of the third guide groove 112 and/or the groove bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 .
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 are V-shaped grooves with groove openings facing each other
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are arranged with groove openings facing each other, and at least one of them is a plane groove
  • the plane groove has a groove bottom parallel to the support surface 11, so as to allow the second guide member 42 therein to move along the groove bottom of the third guide groove 112 and/or the groove bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O.
  • the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10 are supported and positioned by the V-shaped first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 and the first guide member 41 in the group of V-shaped grooves.
  • the setting of the plane groove means that a certain distance deviation is allowed between the center of the plane groove and the center of the guide groove directly opposite to it, that is, a certain range of manufacturing tolerance is allowed between the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10, which reduces the precision requirements for the processing and manufacturing of the movable member 20 and the fixed member 10, and reduces the processing and assembly costs.
  • one of the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 is a plane groove, and the other is a V-shaped groove.
  • the second guide member 42 can slide along the bottom of the plane groove for fine adjustment during assembly, and can be inserted into the V-shaped groove and limited by the V-shaped groove.
  • the second guide member 42 supports the movable member 20, which reduces the processing requirements and makes assembly easier and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are both plane grooves.
  • the second guide member 42 can be slid and fine-tuned along the bottom of the third guide groove 112 and the bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 during assembly, that is, the second guide member 42 can be fine-tuned in the direction of approaching or moving away from the first guide member 41, and the second guide member 42 can support the movable member 20.
  • the machining accuracy requirements for the movable member 20 and/or the fixed member 10 are further reduced, and in particular, a certain range of machining tolerances can be allowed at the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212.
  • first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 can also be square grooves or arc grooves.
  • the specific shapes of the two are not limited, as long as they can just clamp the first guide member 41 to achieve the support and positioning functions.
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 can also be set to other shapes, as long as they can achieve the support function, that is, as long as the second guide member 42 can be clamped between the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11.
  • the present application further supplements the structure related to the drive assembly 30.
  • the fixing member 10 is provided with an opening 19 penetrating from the outer wall of the fixing member 10 to the inner wall thereof, the pre-pressing assembly 31 is connected to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, the side of the pre-pressing assembly 31 facing the movable member 20 is connected to the actuating assembly 32, the actuating assembly 32 passes through the opening 19 and abuts against the movable member 20, connecting the pre-pressing assembly 31 to the outer wall of the fixing member 10.
  • this layout is conducive to keeping the structure of the drive mechanism compact.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 includes a main body 311 and a fixing part 312, the fixing part 312 is connected to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, and the main body 311 is in contact with the actuating assembly 32, specifically, with the piezoelectric vibrator 322, or the piezoelectric circuit board 321 on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable member 20.
  • the main body 311 applies a force to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to move toward the movable member 20, so that the friction head 323 on the piezoelectric vibrator 322 applies a pre-pressing force P perpendicular to the direction of the central axis O to the movable member 20, and under the action of the pre-pressing force P, the movable member 20 can be driven by the friction head 323.
  • the pre-pressing component 31 is an elastic structure, and further, the elastic structure can be a planar structure, such as a spring.
  • the main body 311 and the fixing part 312 are an integrated structure, and the structure of the pre-pressing component 31 is more reliable to ensure that the pre-pressing force P can be continuously and stably provided, and the plane where the planar structure is located is extended perpendicular to the direction of the pre-pressing force P.
  • the main body 311 of the elastic structure can be bonded to the actuator assembly 32 by glue, so that when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, the elastic structure can also deform adaptively.
  • the elastic structure always contacts the actuator assembly 32 and applies a pre-pressure P thereto.
  • the prestressing assembly 31 may also be a prestressing plate, with the two ends of the prestressing plate forming a fixing portion 312, and the middle of the prestressing plate forming a main body 311.
  • the prestressing plate may be a plastic part or a metal part or other rigid structure, such as a hard plate body, a stainless steel plate, a ceramic, or a diamond formed by injection molding.
  • the prestressing plate includes an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure, wherein the inner layer structure may be a metal sheet, and the inner layer structure may be formed into an integrated structure with the outer layer structure, such as plastic, through an insert injection molding process.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 also includes a support member arranged on the side of the pre-stressing plate away from the movable part 20.
  • the support member can be made of a rigid material such as a steel sheet to ensure that the pre-stressing component 31 can always resist the actuating component 32 when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, that is, the pre-stressing component 31 directly resists the piezoelectric vibrator 322, or indirectly resists the piezoelectric vibrator 322 through the piezoelectric circuit board 321, thereby providing a pre-stress P for the friction head 323.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 includes a structural member 313 and a buffer member 314.
  • the elastic modulus of the structural member 313 is greater than the elastic modulus of the buffer member.
  • One side of the buffer member 314 is attached and connected to the actuating assembly 32, and the other side is attached and connected to the structural member 313.
  • the structural member 313 is connected to the fixing member 10.
  • the structural member 313 with a larger elastic modulus serves as the main supporting structure and can provide rigid support.
  • the pre-pressure P provided by the structural member 313 is transmitted to the actuating assembly 32 through the buffer member 314, so that the friction head 323 abuts against the movable member 20 under the action of pressure.
  • the buffer member 314 with a smaller elastic modulus can be deformed and can adaptively produce different degrees of shrinkage deformation according to different tolerances, thereby reducing the difference in the pre-pressure P of the piezoelectric motor under different tolerances.
  • the change in the pre-pressure P caused by material tolerance and assembly tolerance is reduced, so that the consistency of the driving assembly 30, that is, the piezoelectric motor is improved.
  • the buffer 314 is connected to the actuator assembly 32 , including two situations: the buffer 314 is directly attached to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 , or the buffer 314 is indirectly connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 by attaching the piezoelectric circuit board 321 .
  • the fixing member 10 is provided with an opening 19 which passes through the outer wall of the fixing member 10 to the inner wall thereof, the structural member 313 is connected to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, the buffer member 314 and the actuating assembly 32 thereon pass through the opening 19 and abut against the movable member 20, connecting the pre-stressing assembly 31 to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, which is easier to operate than connecting the pre-stressing assembly 31 to the inner wall of the fixing member 10, and this layout is conducive to keeping the driving mechanism structure compact.
  • the projections of the buffer 314 and the actuating assembly 32 completely fall within the opening 19, so that the buffer 314 and the actuating assembly 32 connected thereto pass through the opening 19 and abut against the movable member 20.
  • the projection of the structural member 313 exceeds the range of the opening 19, and the area on the structural member 313 corresponding to the projection of the part exceeding the opening 19 is connected to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, so as to fix the structural member 313 on the fixing member 10.
  • the length of the structural member 313 extending along the optical axis direction is greater than the length of the opening 19 on the fixing member 10 extending along the optical axis direction, so as to connect with the fixing member 10 through both ends of the structural member 313, and there are at least two connection areas between the structural member 313 and the fixing member 10 to ensure a certain connection strength, and the buffer 314 is arranged in the center relative to the structural member 313, so that the two ends of the structural member 313 can be symmetrically stressed.
  • the buffer member 314 is in the shape of a thin sheet, and the buffer member 314 includes a first side surface 3141 and a second side surface 3142 which are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the first side surface 3141 is suitable for being attached to the actuating assembly 32, and the second side surface 3142 is suitable for being attached to the structural member 313, and the structural member 313 includes a third side surface 3131 corresponding to the second side surface 3142, and the third side surface 3131 is parallel to the outer wall of the fixing member 10, so that the actuating assembly 32 can be flatly fitted and fixed on the pre-stressing assembly 31, which is beneficial to maintain the parallelism of the actuating assembly 32 relative to the movable member 20 and the fixing member 10, so that the actuating assembly 32 is arranged in parallel between the movable member 20 and the fixing member 10.
  • the structural member 313 is connected to the outer side wall of the fixing member 10 by means of gluing, clamping, welding, hot riveting, or fastener connection.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 in order to improve the driving performance of the piezoelectric motor, can be made of piezoelectric ceramic material or piezoelectric single crystal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be a single-layer ceramic body or a single-layer single crystal, or a multi-layer ceramic body or a multi-layer single crystal, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics, barium titanate (BT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate (PMN-PT)-based piezoelectric single crystals, etc.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • KNN potassium sodium niobate
  • BT barium titanate
  • PMN-PT lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate
  • the friction head 323 is made of wear-resistant material, for example, it can be made of various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc., so as to improve the wear resistance of the friction head 323, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the movable part 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increase the driving force F, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the friction head 323.
  • various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc.
  • a wear-resistant portion is provided on the movable part 20, and the friction head 323 abuts against the wear-resistant portion.
  • the wear-resistant portion can be a wear-resistant coating, or a friction-resistant plate 29 assembled on the movable part 20, or an uneven surface of the movable part 20, etc., which can achieve a friction-resistant structure.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant portion is beneficial to increasing the friction between the movable part 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increasing the driving force F, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life.
  • the wear-resistant part when set as a friction-resistant plate 29, it can be fixed on the movable part 20 by bonding, fastener connection, insert injection molding, etc. to form an integrated force-bearing structure with the movable part 20, and referring to the material of the friction head 323, the friction-resistant plate 29 can be made of the same or different wear-resistant material as the friction head 323.
  • the present application does not impose any specific limitation on the specific shapes of the friction head 323 and the friction-resistant plate 29.
  • the shape of the friction head 323 can be a sphere, a hemisphere, a cuboid, a table, a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, etc.
  • the friction-resistant plate 29 can be a sheet or a block.
  • the friction head 323 is in the shape of a cylinder
  • the friction-resistant plate 29 is in the shape of a sheet
  • the friction head 323 is in line contact with the wear-resistant part of the movable part 20, which has greater friction than the point contact mode, that is, a greater driving force F, that is, a better driving effect.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be an integrated structure or a detachable structure.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be fixed to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 by bonding, snapping, nesting, welding or fastener connection.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 are in surface contact to ensure the connection strength.
  • the friction head 323 can produce obvious movement with the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the number of the friction heads 323 may be one or two or more.
  • two friction heads 323 are provided on one side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable member 20, and the two friction heads 323 are spaced apart along the central axis O direction.
  • the present application can also provide a camera module, which includes an optical lens, a photosensitive component, and the above-mentioned driving mechanism.
  • the optical lens is arranged on a movable part 20, and the photosensitive component is arranged relative to the optical lens. Since the movable part 20 equipped with the optical lens can be adjusted smoothly, it is beneficial to realize the focusing function or the anti-shake function, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the present application provides a driving mechanism applied to a camera module, which includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20, a driving component 30 and a guiding component 40.
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably connected to the fixed frame 10, and the driving component 30 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and at the same time abuts against the movable carrier 20 and provides a pre-pressure P.
  • the driving component 30 receives a driving signal, it can rub against the movable carrier 20 under the action of the pre-pressure P, thereby driving the movable carrier 20 to move.
  • the guiding component 40 is arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, so that there is a fixed gap between the opposite surfaces of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, that is, there is a first gap 113 between the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11, which can reduce the friction force on the movable carrier 20 when it moves relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • the driving mechanism has a central axis O
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably disposed in the fixed frame 10 and is suitable for moving along the central axis O direction.
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably arranged in the fixed frame 10, and an optical lens is carried on the movable carrier 20.
  • the optical lens is not shown in the figure.
  • the optical lens has an optical axis, and the direction of the central axis O is parallel to the optical axis direction of the optical lens.
  • the movable carrier 20 can move along the optical axis direction relative to the fixed frame 10, thereby driving the optical lens to move along the optical axis direction to realize the optical focusing function.
  • the movable carrier 20 may be movable relative to the fixed frame 10 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby realizing an optical image stabilization function.
  • the driving component 30 is specifically implemented as a piezoelectric motor.
  • the piezoelectric motor is a motor with fast response, large driving force and high driving accuracy, which can be used in the camera module.
  • the driving component 30 includes a pre-stressing component 31 and an actuating component 32.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating component 32 is connected to the pre-stressing component 31.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 provides a pre-pressure P perpendicular to the direction of the central axis O to the actuating component 32, so that the actuating component 32 abuts against one side of the movable carrier 20, and then the actuating component 32 provides a driving force F to the movable carrier 20 to guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the direction of the central axis O.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the friction head 323 is fixed to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 323 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 under the action of the pre-pressing force P, that is, the friction head 323 and the pre-pressing assembly 31 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the friction head 323 is moved by the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and the friction between the friction head 323 and the outer wall of the movable carrier 20 is used to drive the movable carrier 20 to move in a straight line along the central axis O.
  • the driving force F can actually be understood as the friction force applied by the friction head 323 to the movable carrier 20.
  • the actuator assembly 32 also includes a piezoelectric circuit board 321, which is specifically a flexible circuit board, i.e., an FPC.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board 321 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to supply power to the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board 321 can be arranged on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable carrier 20, and the piezoelectric circuit board 321 can be arranged between the piezoelectric vibrator 322 and the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-pressing component 31 is disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable carrier 20 , so as to provide a pre-pressing force P toward the movable carrier 20 to the friction head 323 disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20 .
  • the guide assembly 40 is disposed between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10. One side of the guide assembly 40 abuts against the fixed frame 10, and the other side abuts against the movable carrier 20, and applies a support force N perpendicular to the central axis O to the movable carrier 20. If the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 are in surface contact, the movable carrier 20 will be subject to greater friction resistance when moving, affecting the driving effect.
  • the guide assembly 40 can change the contact mode between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, such as point contact or line contact, reducing the friction between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10. The wiping contact area is helpful to reduce the friction force on the movable carrier 20 when it moves relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • the guide assembly 40 can be implemented as a ball 43, and the guide assemblies 40 on both sides respectively include at least one ball 43, and a plurality of balls 43 are clamped between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, and the ball 43 is in point contact with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the guide assembly 40 can be implemented as a guide rod 44, which is shown by a dotted line in FIG. 22.
  • the guide rod 44 is clamped between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the guide rod 44 is in line contact with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, which reduces the risk of jamming compared to the ball 43.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 causes the friction head 323 to move by deformation, and when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, the angle between the friction head 323 and the abutment surface of the movable carrier 20 changes accordingly, resulting in the pre-pressure P being difficult to always act perpendicularly on the side wall of the movable carrier 20, but in certain cases having a certain inclination relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located.
  • the pre-pressure component 31 may bend to a certain extent due to the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, resulting in the direction of the pre-pressure P relative to the angle of the abutment surface. That is to say, in certain cases, the direction of the pre-pressure P is inclined relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located. In these cases, when the actuating component 32 drives the movable carrier 20 to move, it is easy to cause the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the guide assembly 40 is disposed at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20.
  • the support force N applied by the fixed frame 10 to the movable carrier 20 through the guide assembly 40 is opposite to the preload force P.
  • the two forces cooperate to clamp the movable carrier 20 between the guide assembly 40 and the fixed frame 10, and the movable carrier 20 is able to move along the central axis O under the action of the driving force F of the actuating assembly 32, that is, the driving assembly 30 cooperates with the guide assembly 40 to guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the central axis O.
  • the guide assembly 40 and the actuating assembly 32 disposed at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20 are disposed at three points on the side wall of the movable carrier 20.
  • the distance from the center position of the frictional contact between the actuating assembly 32 and the movable carrier 20 to the connecting line of the guide assembly 40 arranged at two diagonal positions is the lever arm x.
  • the magnitude of the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20 at the diagonal position is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lever arm x.
  • the three-point arrangement makes the lever arm x and the overturning moment M larger.
  • the movable carrier 20 When the movable carrier 20 is driven by the actuating assembly 32 to move along the central axis O, the movable carrier 20 will have a larger inclination angle, causing the movable carrier 20 to tilt, affecting the speed and effect of optical focusing.
  • the two diagonal guide assemblies 40 may generate uncertain friction, causing the moving stroke and moving speed of the movable carrier 20 to fail to meet the standards.
  • the diagonal guide assembly 40 may squeeze the driving assembly 30, causing the friction force of the movable carrier 20 to increase when the movable carrier 20 moves.
  • the guide assembly 40 when the guide assembly 40 is implemented as a ball 43, it is possible that the movable carrier 20 and the ball 43 are stuck, or the movable carrier 20 and the ball 43 fall off, so that the movable carrier 20 cannot continue to move, affecting the focusing effect.
  • the guide assembly 40 when the guide assembly 40 is implemented as a guide rod 44, the situation will be better than the ball 43, but the tilt of the movable carrier 20 will also affect the optical focusing effect.
  • the present application arranges the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 on the same side of the movable carrier 20.
  • the arrangement of the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 on the same side of the movable carrier 20 reduces the distance from the friction head 323 of the actuating assembly 32 to the connecting line between the two guide assemblies 40, that is, x becomes smaller, thereby reducing the torque M.
  • the inclination angle of the movable carrier 20 is small, so that the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting is reduced, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focusing effect.
  • the assembly gap refers to the gap reserved for the movable carrier 20 and the guide assembly 40 to be assembled in the fixed frame 10, that is, the gap between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the movable carrier 20 and the guide assembly 40 can be assembled in the fixed frame 10, but also leave space for the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the assembly between the guide assembly 40 and the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 may not be tight enough, resulting in a greater possibility of tilting of the movable carrier 20.
  • the guide assembly 40 will still be stuck between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, causing the movable carrier 20 to be unable to move to achieve the optical focusing function.
  • the present application further improves the structure of the driving mechanism and proposes a driving mechanism for a camera module: as shown in Figures 19 to 35, it includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20, a driving assembly 30, a guide assembly 40 and at least one set of magnetic suction assemblies 50, the fixed frame 10 includes a supporting surface 11, the movable carrier 20 is movably arranged on the fixed frame 10, and the movable carrier 20 includes a contact surface 21, and the supporting surface 11 is connected to the contact surface 21.
  • the contact surface 21 is arranged relatively, and the guide component 40 is located between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, so that the first gap 113 is maintained between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21.
  • the driving component 30 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and at the same time abuts against the movable carrier 20 and applies a pre-pressure P to the movable carrier 20.
  • the pre-pressure P makes the contact surface 21 have a tendency to move away from the support surface 11.
  • the magnetic suction component 50 includes a first magnetic suction member 52 and a second magnetic suction member 51.
  • the first magnetic suction member 52 is arranged on the fixed frame 10, and the second magnetic suction member 51 is arranged on the movable carrier 20.
  • the first magnetic suction member 52 and the second magnetic suction member 51 are arranged on the movable carrier 20.
  • the interaction between the suction members 51 applies a magnetic attraction force to the movable carrier 20, and the direction of the magnetic attraction force acting on the movable carrier 20 is opposite to the direction of the prepressure P, and the magnetic attraction force is greater than the prepressure P, so as to adsorb the contact surface 21 of the movable carrier 20 to the support surface 11 of the fixed frame 10, and the guide component 40 is clamped between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, that is, the first magnetic suction member 52 and the second magnetic suction member 51 can attract each other to generate a sufficiently large magnetic attraction force, so that the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11 remain in contact with the guide component 40, thereby keeping the contact surface 21 parallel to the support surface 11.
  • the interaction between the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 to apply a magnetic force to the movable carrier 20 can be understood as: the force between the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 is mutual, and while the first magnetic component 52 exerts a force on the second magnetic component 51, it is also subject to a reaction force from the second magnetic component 51.
  • the term "magnetic force" in this application refers to the force of the first magnetic component 52 on the second magnetic component 51. Since the second magnetic component 51 is fixed on the movable carrier 20, the force of the first magnetic component 52 on the second magnetic component 51 is applied to the movable carrier 20, that is, the force exerted by the first magnetic component 52 on the movable carrier 20.
  • the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction component 50 makes the contact surface 21 of the movable carrier 20 tend to move toward the support surface 11 of the fixed frame 10, so that the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11 can cooperate to clamp the guide component 40, and the clamping is stable and reliable, thereby achieving a tight assembly between the fixed frame 10, the movable carrier 20 and the guide component 40. Since the magnetic attraction force is in the opposite direction to the prepressure P and is greater than the prepressure P, the magnetic attraction force can support the movable carrier 20 in parallel to the fixed frame 10 through the guide assembly 40. Even when the prepressure P is tilted, the magnetic attraction force can offset the influence of the tilted prepressure P and keep the relative surfaces of the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 parallel to each other.
  • the magnetic attraction force can act on the movable carrier 20 so that the position of the movable carrier 20 is corrected in time, thereby maintaining the mutual parallelism between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, that is, the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting when moving is reduced, and the risk of the guide assembly 40 getting stuck is reduced, especially the problem of difficulty in rolling and getting stuck when the guide assembly 40 is a ball 43 is solved, the movable carrier 20 can move smoothly along the central axis O direction of the driving assembly 30, and the magnetic attraction assembly 50 has a simple structure and low use cost.
  • the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21 can clamp each guide part, which is beneficial to improve the parallelism between different guide parts, thereby reducing the assembly tolerance of the driving mechanism and ensuring the stable operation of the driving mechanism.
  • the present application arranges the guide component 40 and the drive component 30 on the same side of the movable carrier 20 .
  • the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are arranged on the same side of the movable carrier 20, and are specifically implemented as follows: the fixed frame 10 has a first frame side portion 12, the movable carrier 20 has a first carrier side portion 22, the first frame side portion 12 and the first carrier side portion 22 are arranged opposite to each other, the inner surface of the first frame side portion 12 forms a support surface 11, and the outer surface of the first carrier side portion 22 forms a contact surface 21, the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are both arranged between the first frame side portion 12 and the first carrier side portion 22.
  • the guide assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 are basically arranged in the same straight line.
  • the distance from the friction head 323 to the connecting line between the two guide assemblies 40, that is, x, is much smaller than x when the two guide assemblies 40 are arranged at two diagonals of the movable carrier 20, that is, the torque M becomes smaller, so that the risk of tilting of the movable carrier 20 is greatly reduced, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focusing effect.
  • the pre-pressure P makes the first carrier side portion 22 have a tendency to move away from the first frame side portion 12, that is, the contact surface 21 has a tendency to move away from the support surface 11, and the magnetic attraction force acts on the movable carrier 20, the movable carrier 20 is able to overcome the pre-pressure P, so that the first carrier side portion 22 has a tendency to move toward the first frame side portion 12, that is, the contact surface 21 of the movable carrier 20 is adsorbed to the support surface 11 of the fixed frame 10, and the guide assembly 40 is able to be clamped between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21 to support the movable carrier 20.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes a pre-pressing assembly 31 and an actuating assembly 32.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 32 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 provides a pre-pressure P to the actuating assembly 32, so that the friction head 323 of the actuating assembly 32 abuts against the outer surface of the first carrier side portion 22, and the pre-pressure P acts on the outer surface of the first carrier side portion 22.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board 321 is arranged between the piezoelectric vibrator 322 and the pre-pressing assembly 31, and the pre-pressing assembly 31 is fixed to the fixed frame 10. The piezoelectric vibrator 322 is abutted against one side of the movable carrier 20 by the pre-pressure provided by the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the guide assembly 40 includes a first guide member 41 and a second guide member 42 .
  • the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 are respectively disposed on both sides of the driving assembly 30 , thereby reducing the risk of the movable carrier 20 rotating relative to the frame around the optical axis.
  • the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 are substantially square.
  • the overall shape of the fixed frame 10 is regular and easy to process.
  • the movable carrier 20 includes a first carrier side portion 22, a second carrier side portion 23, a third carrier side portion 24, and a fourth carrier side portion 25 which are connected in sequence.
  • the fixed frame 10 includes a first frame side portion 12, a second frame side portion 13, a third frame side portion 14, and a fourth frame side portion 15 which correspond to each other.
  • the driving assembly 30 is arranged between the first carrier side portion 22 and the first frame side portion 12, and is centrally arranged.
  • the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 are also arranged between the first carrier side portion 22 and the first frame side portion 12.
  • the first guide member 41 is arranged on a side of the driving assembly 30 relatively close to the fourth carrier side portion 25, and the second guide member 42 is arranged on a side of the driving assembly 30 relatively close to the second carrier side portion 23.
  • the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving assembly 30 to maintain the force balance on both sides of the movable carrier 20 and reduce the risk of rotation of the movable carrier 20.
  • the shapes of the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 in the present application include but are not limited to square.
  • the driving assembly 30 , the guiding assembly 40 , and the magnetic attraction assembly 50 are all disposed on the same side of the movable carrier 20 , and the relatively concentrated arrangement of the several structures that apply force to the movable carrier 20 is conducive to maintaining a compact structure.
  • the first magnetic component 52 is disposed on the first frame side 12, and the second magnetic component 51 is disposed on the first carrier side 22.
  • the spacing distance between the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 is small, which is conducive to the interaction between the two to generate a stronger magnetic attraction force.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 includes a first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and a second group of magnetic attraction components 55 arranged relative to the driving component 30.
  • the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving component 30, and can provide magnetic attraction force to the movable carrier 20 from both sides of the driving component 30, respectively, and the magnetic attraction force has a better effect.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 is arranged adjacent to the guide component 40.
  • the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 is arranged adjacent to the first guide member 41
  • the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 is arranged adjacent to the second guide member 42.
  • the spacing distance between the magnetic attraction force and the guide component 40 is relatively small, and the magnetic attraction force can act more directly on the guide component 40, which is beneficial for the contact surface 21 and the support surface 11 to clamp the guide component 40 from both sides to keep the movable carrier 20 parallel.
  • the first group of magnetic components 54 is disposed on the side of the first guide member 41 away from the driving assembly 30, and the second group of magnetic components 55 is disposed on the side of the second guide member 42 away from the driving assembly 30.
  • the first guide member 41 is located between the first group of magnetic components 54 and the driving assembly 30, and the second guide member 42 is located between the second group of magnetic components 55 and the driving assembly 30, that is, the distance between the first guide member 41 and the first group of magnetic components 54 is equal to the distance between the first guide member 41 and the driving assembly 30, and the distance between the second guide member 42 and the second group of magnetic components 55 is equal to the distance between the second guide member 42 and the driving assembly 30, so that the force distribution in the driving mechanism can be more balanced and the driving mechanism can be more stable.
  • the first group of magnetic components 54 is disposed between the first guide member 41 and the driving component 30
  • the second group of magnetic components is disposed between the second guide member 42 and the driving component 30 .
  • the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the first magnetic component 54 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first guide member 41, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the second magnetic component 55 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second guide member 42, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the first magnetic component 54 attract each other, and the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 in the second magnetic component 55 attract each other.
  • first magnetic component 54 and the first guide member 41 are arranged in a colinear manner
  • second magnetic component 55 and the second guide member 42 are arranged in a colinear manner, which is conducive to directly applying the magnetic attraction force to the guide member 40, thereby clamping the guide member 40.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 is disposed adjacent to the driving component 30 and is only provided as a pair.
  • the present application can also provide another specific embodiment, which is different from the above three specific embodiments.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 is provided as a group, and along the direction of the pre-pressure P, the first magnetic attraction component 52 and the second magnetic attraction component 51 in the group of magnetic attraction components 50 are respectively provided on both sides of the driving component 30.
  • the magnetic attraction force is collinear with the pre-pressure P and in opposite directions. There is no need to worry about the movable carrier 20 tilting to one side due to the unequal magnetic attraction forces on both sides.
  • the magnetic attraction force acts on the movable carrier 20, so that the movable carrier 20 can overcome the pre-pressure P and move closer to the first frame side 12, thereby clamping the guide component 40 between the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes a pre-stressing assembly 31 and an actuating assembly 32.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 32 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 provides a pre-stress P to the actuating assembly 32, so that the friction head 323 of the actuating assembly 32 abuts against the outer surface of the first carrier side 22, and applies the pre-stress P to the movable carrier 20.
  • the magnetic attraction component 50 when the magnetic attraction component 50 is set to two groups, the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis O of the driving component 30, and the magnetic attraction force generated by the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 is equal to the magnetic attraction force generated by the second group of magnetic attraction components 55, so as to provide equal magnetic attraction forces to both sides of the movable carrier 20, thereby avoiding the movable carrier 20 from tilting to one side due to the different magnitudes of the magnetic attraction forces on both sides, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focus and/or optical image stabilization effect.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 forms a first magnetic attraction component 52.
  • the first magnetic attraction component 52 can also be used as a part of the pre-stressing component 31. In this way, the number of components can be reduced and it is also suitable to reduce the size of the entire driving mechanism.
  • the first magnetic attraction member 52 is a magnet having magnetic attraction force
  • the second magnetic attraction member 51 is an object suitable for being attracted by the magnet.
  • the second magnetic member 51 is a magnet with magnetic attraction, such as a permanent magnet
  • the first magnetic member 52 is an object suitable for being attracted by the magnet.
  • the magnet can be a metal alloy permanent magnet, such as neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet, or ferrite permanent magnet, or rare earth permanent magnet.
  • Objects suitable for being adsorbed by the magnet include but are not limited to magnets and metal sheets, such as low-cost iron sheets.
  • the second magnetic attraction component 51 and the first magnetic attraction component 52 can attract each other, and their specific materials are not limited.
  • the first magnetic member 52 on the pre-pressing component 31 can be set as an object suitable for being attracted by a magnet, and the second magnetic member 51 on the movable carrier 20 is set as a magnet, which directly attracts the pre-pressing component 31 to generate magnetic attraction.
  • the specific structure of the pre-pressing component 31 and the first magnetic member 52 will be further explained below.
  • the middle portion of the second magnetic attraction member 51 is arranged opposite to the friction head 323 to prevent the magnetic attraction force from being eccentric with respect to the pre-pressure P and causing the movable carrier 20 to rotate and tilt around the optical axis.
  • the present application also takes into account that the movable carrier 20 can move relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • the first magnetic component 52 and the second magnetic component 51 are arranged parallel to each other, and both are extended along the movement direction of the movable carrier 20.
  • Such a structural arrangement makes the magnetic attraction perpendicular to the movement direction of the movable carrier 20.
  • the magnetic attraction is perpendicular to the abutment surface between the guide assembly 40 and the movable carrier 20, that is, the contact surface 21, thereby reducing the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting.
  • the length of the first magnetic member 52 is L
  • the length of the second magnetic member 51 is Y, L>Y, so that when the movable carrier 20 moves relative to the frame, the magnetic attraction force between the first magnetic member 52 and the second magnetic member 51 can still be perpendicular to the contact surface 21.
  • the travel range of the movable carrier 20 driven by the driving assembly 30 is D, L ⁇ Y+D, so that during the driving process of the driving assembly 30 , the magnetic attraction force can maintain a state of being perpendicular to the contact surface 21 .
  • the size of the fixed frame 10 is larger than that of the movable carrier 20, especially the extension length of the fixed frame 10 along the central axis O is larger than the extension length of the movable carrier 20 along the central axis O. Therefore, in the specific embodiment, the setting of L ⁇ Y+D is more reasonable, and the possibility of Y ⁇ L+D is smaller.
  • the first magnetic member 52 and/or the second magnetic member 51 is a magnet
  • the driving mechanism further includes a magnetic sensing member 53, which is arranged relative to at least one magnet, so as to judge the position of the movable carrier 20 by inducing a change in the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic sensing member 53 can be arranged on the fixed frame 10 relative to the second magnetic member 51, so as to be able to detect changes in the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic induction component 53 and the second magnetic attraction component 51 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the second magnetic attraction component 51 is a magnet.
  • the magnetic induction element 53 is a Hall induction sensor, or a magnetoelectric induction sensor, or a magnetoresistive effect sensor, such as a magnetic sensitive element TMR using a tunnel magnetoresistive effect, or a chip integrated with a magnetic induction function, or other elements capable of sensing changes in a magnetic field.
  • one magnetic induction component 53 is provided, which is arranged relative to a magnet in the magnetic attraction component 50. In some other embodiments, two magnetic induction components 53 are provided, which are arranged relative to the magnets in the first group of magnetic attraction components 54 and the second group of magnetic attraction components 55 respectively.
  • the magnetic induction component 53 can be specifically fixed on the first carrier side 22 or the first frame, or can be arranged on the second carrier side 23, or the fourth carrier side 25, or the second frame side 13, or the fourth frame side 15, as long as it can be arranged relative to the magnet in the magnetic attraction component 50 to sense the change of the magnetic field.
  • first magnetic attraction member 52, the second magnetic attraction member 51, and the magnetic induction member 53 can be respectively connected by injection molding, plugging, clamping, or bonding.
  • the movable carrier 20 or the fixed frame 10 can be fixed on the corresponding movable carrier 20 or the fixed frame 10 by connection, welding or the like.
  • the first magnetic member 52 is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, the second magnetic member 51 is arranged on the outer surface of the first carrier side portion 22, the first carrier side portion 22 of the movable carrier 20 is provided with a first mounting groove 263, the second magnetic member 51 is installed in the first mounting groove 263, the second magnetic member 51 does not occupy additional space, which is conducive to maintaining a compact structure, and is shielded and protected by the first mounting groove 263.
  • the first mounting groove 263 can be a through groove that passes through both ends of the first carrier side portion 22 along the optical axis direction, or a groove that is closed at both ends along the optical axis direction.
  • connection method of the second magnetic member 51, and when connected by the mounting groove, the shape, groove depth, groove width, etc. of the first mounting groove 263 can be adaptively adjusted according to the specific structure of the second magnetic member 51 and the first carrier side portion 22, and the same applies to the first magnetic member 52. It can be understood that when the second magnetic member 51 is fixedly connected by opening a mounting groove on the outer surface of the first carrier side wall, it is necessary to avoid the guide component 40 to avoid affecting the contact between the contact surface 21 on the first carrier side wall and the guide component 40.
  • the second magnetic member 51 When the second magnetic member 51 is embedded in the first carrier side portion 22 by injection molding, or the second magnetic member 51 is inserted into the first carrier side portion 22 from both ends of the first carrier side portion 22 along the optical axis direction, then, the second magnetic member 51 does not need to avoid the guide component 40, and the setting position of the first magnetic member 52 relative to the guide component 40 is the same.
  • the first magnetic attraction member 52 and the second magnetic attraction member 51 are respectively configured in a regular block or sheet shape, with a simple structure and easy processing and forming, and it is convenient to open a mounting groove of a corresponding shape.
  • a second mounting groove is provided on the movable carrier 20 or the fixed frame 10, and the magnetic induction element 53 is disposed in the second mounting groove.
  • the magnetic induction element can be shielded and protected, and secondly, the magnetic induction element 53 does not need to occupy additional space, which is conducive to keeping the structure of the entire driving mechanism compact.
  • the fixed frame 10 is provided with an inner convex portion 16, which is formed by protruding inward from the inner side wall of the fixed frame 10
  • the movable carrier 20 is provided with an outer convex portion 26, which is formed by protruding outward from the outer side wall of the movable carrier 20, and the outer convex portion 26 is arranged opposite to the inner convex portion 16, and a second gap 191 is formed between the two, and the width of the second gap 191 is smaller than the width of other gaps between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, so that when the driving assembly 30 is affected by an external force and the movable carrier 20 tilts relative to the frame, due to the small second gap 191, the inner convex portion 16 and the outer convex portion 26 collide with each other to prevent the tilt degree of the movable carrier 20 from further increasing and causing the entire driving mechanism to fail.
  • protrusion to the inside here can be understood as protruding in the direction close to the driving assembly 30 or the central axis O, and can also be understood as protruding in the direction close to the optical axis, and the protrusion to the outside is just the opposite.
  • the outer convex portion 26 and the inner convex portion 16 are respectively provided in two, the outer convex portion 26 includes a first outer convex portion 261 and a second outer convex portion 262, and the inner convex portion 16 includes a first inner convex portion 161 and a second inner convex portion 162, wherein the first outer convex portion 261 and the first inner convex portion 161 are arranged opposite to each other and are arranged on one side of the driving component 30, and the second outer convex portion 262 and the second inner convex portion 162 are arranged opposite to each other and are arranged on the other side of the driving component 30, and the two sets of matching outer convex portions 26 and inner convex portions 16 respectively limit the inclination of the movable carrier 20 from both sides of the driving component 30.
  • the fixed frame 10 includes a second frame side portion 13 and a fourth frame side portion 15 respectively arranged at both ends of the first frame side portion 12, the inner surface of the second frame side portion 13 and the inner surface of the fourth frame side portion 15 respectively protrude inward to form an inner convex portion
  • the movable carrier 20 includes a second carrier side portion 23 and a fourth carrier side portion 25 respectively arranged at both ends of the first carrier side portion 22, the outer surface of the second carrier side portion 23 and the outer surface of the fourth carrier side portion 25 respectively protrude outward to form an outer convex portion 26, the outer convex portion 26 is located between the inner convex portion 16 and the support surface 11, and a second gap 191 is provided between a side of the outer convex portion 26 facing away from the contact surface 21 and a side of the inner convex portion 16 facing the support surface 11, and a width of the second gap 191 is smaller than a width of other gaps between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, for example, smaller than a width of the first gap 113
  • the driving assembly 30 when the driving assembly 30 is affected by an external force and the movable carrier 20 tilts relative to the frame, due to the small second gap 191, the side of the outer convex portion 26 facing away from the contact surface 21 and the side of the inner convex portion 16 facing the support surface 11 collide with each other before the other opposite surfaces between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, that is, the inner convex portion 16 and the outer convex portion 26 collide with each other to prevent the tilt of the movable carrier 20 from further increasing and causing the entire driving mechanism to fail.
  • the external force influence here includes but is not limited to the situation where the preload assembly 31 is set as a spring sheet and bends to cause the preload P to tilt.
  • the fixed frame 10 is provided with an outer recess 17, which is formed by being recessed outward from the inner surface of the second frame side portion 13 and the inner surface of the fourth frame side portion 15 of the fixed frame 10, respectively, and the outer recess 17 is connected with the inner convex portion 16 and cooperates to form a second groove 18, and the outer convex portion 26 is suitable for inserting into the second groove 18.
  • the movable carrier 20 is provided with an inner recess 27, which is formed by being recessed inward from the outer surface of the second carrier side portion 23 and the outer surface of the fourth carrier side portion 25 of the movable carrier 20, respectively, and the outer convex portion 26 is connected with the inner recess 27 and cooperates to form a first groove 28, and the inner convex portion 16 is suitable for inserting into the first groove 28.
  • the arrangement of the inner recess 27 and the outer recess 17 is conducive to reducing the size of the driving mechanism extending in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the vertical preload P, and keeping the structure compact.
  • recessing inward can be understood as recessing in the direction close to the driving assembly 30 or the central axis O, and can also be understood as recessing in the direction close to the optical axis, and recessing outward is just the opposite.
  • the outer recess 17 includes a first outer recess 171 connected to the first inner protrusion 161, and a second outer recess 172 connected to the second inner protrusion 162.
  • the first outer recess 171 and the first inner protrusion 161 form a second groove 181, and the second outer recess 172 and the second inner protrusion 162 form a second groove 182.
  • the first outer protrusion 261 is suitable for inserting into the second groove 181, and the second outer protrusion 262 is suitable for inserting into the second groove 182.
  • the inner recess 27 includes a first inner recess 271 connected to the first outer protrusion 261, and a second inner recess 272 connected to the second outer protrusion 262.
  • the first inner recess 271 and the first outer protrusion 261 form a first groove 281, and the second inner recess 272 and the second outer protrusion 262 form a first groove 282.
  • the first inner protrusion 161 is suitable for inserting into the first groove 281
  • the second inner protrusion 162 is suitable for inserting into the first groove 282.
  • guide grooves extending in a direction parallel to the central axis O are respectively provided on the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21, and the guide assembly 40 is extended in a direction parallel to the central axis O and is clamped and limited by the guide grooves on both sides. It can be understood that the guide assembly 40 is continuously clamped in the guide grooves on both sides.
  • the guide assembly 40 is driven by the movable carrier 20 and moves in a direction parallel to the central axis O under the guidance of the guide grooves.
  • the guide assembly 40 cooperates with the guide grooves on both sides to limit the movement direction of the movable carrier 20 to a certain extent, prevent the movable carrier 20 from tilting relative to the central axis O, and guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the central axis O.
  • the support surface 11 is provided with a first guide groove 111 and a third guide groove 112 at intervals
  • the contact surface 21 is provided with a corresponding second guide groove 211 and a fourth guide groove 212.
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 cooperate to clamp the first guide member 41 therein and guide the first guide member 41 to move along the central axis O
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 cooperate to clamp the second guide member 42 therein, and the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 keep the support surface 11 and the contact surface 21 parallel.
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 are a group of V-shaped grooves with grooves facing each other
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are a group of V-shaped grooves with grooves facing each other.
  • the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 support the movable carrier 20 from both sides of the driving assembly 30 respectively, and cooperate with the two groups of guide grooves to guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the central axis O. In other words, the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 support and position the movable carrier 20.
  • first guide groove 111 to the fourth guide groove 212 are all set as V-shaped grooves, there will be a certain offset between the actual position of the guide groove and the preset point position due to certain manufacturing tolerances of the movable carrier 20 and/or the fixed frame 10.
  • V-shaped openings 192 of one set of guide grooves there may be misalignment between the other pair of guide grooves, making it difficult to align, resulting in difficulty in installing one of the first guide member 41 and the second guide member 42 between the two misaligned guide grooves.
  • setting all guide grooves as V-shaped grooves requires higher processing accuracy and higher processing costs.
  • the shape of the guide groove is improved so that the second guide member 42 can move in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O along the bottom of the third guide groove 112 and/or the bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 .
  • the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 are V-shaped grooves with grooves facing each other
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are arranged with grooves facing each other, and at least one of them is a plane groove
  • the plane groove has a groove bottom parallel to the support surface 11, so as to allow the second guide member 42 therein to move along the groove bottom of the third guide groove 112 and/or the groove bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis O.
  • the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 are supported and positioned by the V-shaped first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 and the first guide member 41 in the group of V-shaped grooves.
  • the setting of the plane groove means that a certain distance deviation is allowed between the center of the plane groove and the center of the guide groove directly opposite to it, that is, a certain range of manufacturing tolerance is allowed between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, which reduces the precision requirements for the processing and manufacturing of the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, and reduces the processing and assembly costs.
  • one of the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 is a plane groove, and the other is a V-shaped groove.
  • the second guide member 42 can slide along the bottom of the plane groove for fine adjustment during assembly, and can be inserted into the V-shaped groove directly, and be limited by the V-shaped groove.
  • the second guide member 42 realizes the supporting function of the movable carrier 20, which reduces the processing requirements and has the effect of being easier to assemble and improving the assembly efficiency.
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212 are both plane grooves.
  • the second guide member 42 can be slid and fine-tuned along the groove bottom of the third guide groove 112 and the groove bottom of the fourth guide groove 212 during assembly, that is, the second guide member 42 can be fine-tuned in the direction of approaching or moving away from the first guide member 41, and the second guide member 42 can support the movable carrier 20.
  • the processing accuracy requirements for the movable carrier 20 and/or the fixed frame 10 are further reduced, and in particular, a certain range of processing tolerances can be allowed at the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 212.
  • first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 211 may also be square grooves or arc grooves.
  • the specific shapes of the two are not limited, as long as they can just clamp the first guide member 41 to achieve the support and positioning functions.
  • the third guide groove 112 and the fourth guide groove 211 may also be square grooves or arc grooves.
  • the guide groove 212 may also be configured to have other shapes as long as the supporting function can be achieved, that is, as long as the second guide member 42 can be clamped between the contact surface 21 and the supporting surface 11 .
  • the guide assembly 40 is implemented as a ball 43, and the guide assemblies 40 on both sides respectively include at least one ball 43, and a plurality of balls 43 are clamped between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the guide assembly 40 is implemented as a guide rod 44, which is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 22 , and the guide rod 44 is clamped between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, and the guide rod 44 is in line contact with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, which is less likely to get stuck than the structure in which the ball 43 is in point contact with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • an opening 192 is provided on the first frame side portion 12, which passes through from the outer surface to the inner surface.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12.
  • the side of the pre-pressing assembly 31 facing the movable carrier 20 is connected to the actuating assembly 32.
  • the actuating assembly 32 passes through the opening 192 and abuts against the first carrier side portion 22 of the movable carrier 20, connecting the pre-pressing assembly 31 to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12.
  • this layout is conducive to reducing the gap between the first frame side portion 12 and the first carrier side portion 22, and keeping the drive mechanism structure compact.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 includes a main body 311 and a fixing portion 312, the fixing portion 312 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, and the main body 311 abuts against the actuating assembly 32, specifically, abuts against the piezoelectric vibrator 322, or the piezoelectric circuit board 321 on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable carrier 20.
  • the main body 311 applies a force to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to move toward the movable carrier 20, so that the friction head 323 on the piezoelectric vibrator 322 applies a pre-pressing force P perpendicular to the direction of the central axis O to the movable carrier 20, and under the abutment of the pre-pressing force P, the movable carrier 20 can be driven by the friction head 323.
  • the pre-pressing component 31 is an elastic structure, and further, the elastic structure can be a planar structure, such as a spring.
  • the main body 311 and the fixing part 312 are an integrated structure, and the structure of the pre-pressing component 31 is more reliable to ensure that the pre-pressing force P can be continuously and stably provided, and the plane where the planar structure is located is extended perpendicular to the direction of the pre-pressing force P.
  • the main body 311 of the elastic structure can be bonded to the actuator assembly 32 by glue, so that when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, the elastic structure can also deform adaptively.
  • the elastic structure always contacts the actuator assembly 32 and applies a pre-pressure P thereto.
  • the prestressing assembly 31 may also be a prestressing plate, with the two ends of the prestressing plate forming a fixing portion 312, and the middle of the prestressing plate forming a main body 311.
  • the prestressing plate may be a plastic part or a metal part or other rigid structure, such as a hard plate body, a stainless steel plate, a ceramic, or a diamond formed by injection molding.
  • the prestressing plate includes an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure, wherein the inner layer structure may be a metal sheet, and the inner layer structure may be formed into an integrated structure with the outer layer structure, such as plastic, through an insert injection molding process.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 also includes a support member arranged on the side of the pre-stressing plate away from the movable carrier 20.
  • the support member can be made of a rigid material such as a steel sheet to ensure that the pre-stressing component 31 can always contact the actuating component 32 when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, that is, the pre-stressing component 31 directly contacts the piezoelectric vibrator 322, or indirectly contacts the piezoelectric vibrator 322 through the piezoelectric circuit board 321, thereby providing a pre-stress P for the friction head 323.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 includes a structural member 313 and a buffer member 314.
  • the elastic modulus of the structural member 313 is greater than the elastic modulus of the buffer member 314.
  • One side of the buffer member 314 is attached and connected to the actuating assembly 32, and the other side is attached and connected to the structural member 313.
  • the structural member 313 is connected to the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 313 with a larger elastic modulus serves as the main supporting structure and can provide rigid support.
  • the pre-pressure P provided by the structural member 313 is transmitted to the actuating assembly 32 through the buffer member 314, so that the friction head 323 abuts against the movable carrier 20 under the action of pressure.
  • the buffer member 314 with a smaller elastic modulus can be deformed and can adaptively produce different degrees of shrinkage deformation according to different tolerances, thereby reducing the difference in the pre-pressure P of the piezoelectric motor under different tolerances.
  • the change in the pre-pressure P caused by material tolerance and assembly tolerance is reduced, so that the consistency of the driving assembly 30, that is, the piezoelectric motor, is improved.
  • the buffer 314 is connected to the actuator assembly 32 , including two situations: the buffer 314 is directly attached to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 , or the buffer 314 is indirectly connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 by attaching the piezoelectric circuit board 321 .
  • the fixed frame 10 is provided with an opening 192 penetrating from the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12 to the inner surface thereof, the structural member 313 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, the buffer member 314 and the actuating assembly 32 thereon pass through the opening 192 to abut against the movable carrier 20, and the pre-stressing assembly 31 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, which is easier to operate than connecting the pre-stressing assembly 31 to the inner surface of the first frame side portion 12, and this layout is conducive to keeping the driving mechanism structure compact.
  • the projections of the buffer 314 and the actuating assembly 32 completely fall within the opening 192, so that the buffer 314 and the actuating assembly 32 connected thereto pass through the opening 192 and abut against the movable carrier 20.
  • the projection of the structural member 313 partially exceeds the range of the opening 192, and the area of the structural member 313 corresponding to the projection of the part exceeding the opening 192 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, so that the structural member 313 is fixed to the fixed frame 10.
  • the length of the structural member 313 extending along the optical axis is greater than the length of the opening 192 on the fixed frame 10 extending along the optical axis, so that the structural member 313 is connected to the fixed frame 10 through both ends.
  • the buffer member 314 is in the shape of a thin sheet, and the buffer member 314 includes a first side surface 3141 and a second side surface 3142 that are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other.
  • the first side surface 3141 is suitable for being attached to the actuating assembly 32
  • the second side surface 3142 is suitable for being attached to the structural member 313.
  • the structural member 313 includes a third side surface 3131 corresponding to the second side surface 3142, and the third side surface 3131 is parallel to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12, so that the actuating assembly 32 can be flatly fitted and fixed on the pre-stressing assembly 31, which is beneficial to maintaining the parallelism of the actuating assembly 32 relative to the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, so that the actuating assembly 32 is arranged in parallel between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 313 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 12 by gluing, clamping, welding, hot riveting, or fastener connection.
  • the specific implementation of the pre-stressing component 31 forming the first magnetic attraction component 52 includes but is not limited to: 1) the pre-stressing component 31 is a spring sheet, and the spring sheet is a material suitable for being adsorbed by a magnet; 2) the pre-stressing component 31 includes a pre-stressing plate and a support member, and the pre-stressing plate and/or the support member are a material suitable for being adsorbed by a magnet; 3) the pre-stressing component 31 includes a structural member 313 and a buffer member 314, and the structural member 313 is a material suitable for being adsorbed by a magnet. It can be understood that in these three cases, the second magnetic attraction component 51 is a magnet, and the magnet adsorbs the pre-stressing component 31.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 in order to improve the driving performance of the piezoelectric motor, can be made of piezoelectric ceramic material or piezoelectric single crystal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be a single-layer ceramic body or a single-layer single crystal, or a multi-layer ceramic body or a multi-layer single crystal, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics, barium titanate (BT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate (PMN-PT)-based piezoelectric single crystals, etc.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • KNN potassium sodium niobate
  • BT barium titanate
  • PMN-PT lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate
  • the friction head 323 is made of wear-resistant material, for example, it can be made of various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc., so as to improve the wear resistance of the friction head 323, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increase the driving force F, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the friction head 323.
  • various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc.
  • a wear-resistant portion is provided on the movable carrier 20, and the friction head 323 abuts against the wear-resistant portion.
  • the wear-resistant portion can be a wear-resistant coating, or a friction-resistant plate 29 assembled on the movable carrier 20, or an uneven surface of the movable carrier 20, etc., which can achieve a friction-resistant structure.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant portion is beneficial to increasing the friction between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increasing the driving force F, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life.
  • the wear-resistant part when set as a friction-resistant plate 29, it can be fixed on the movable carrier 20 by bonding, fastener connection, insert injection molding, etc. to form an integrated force-bearing structure with the movable carrier 20, and referring to the material of the friction head 323, the friction-resistant plate 29 can be made of the same or different wear-resistant material as the friction head 323.
  • the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the specific shapes of the friction head 323 and the friction-resistant plate 29.
  • the shape of the friction head 323 can be a sphere, a hemisphere, a cuboid, a table, a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, etc.
  • the friction-resistant plate 29 can be a sheet or a block.
  • the friction head 323 is cylindrical
  • the friction-resistant plate 29 is a sheet
  • the friction head 323 is in line contact with the wear-resistant part of the movable carrier 20, which has greater friction than point contact, that is, greater driving force F, that is, better driving effect.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be an integrated structure or a detachable structure.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be fixed to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 by bonding, snapping, nesting, welding or fastener connection.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 are in surface contact to ensure the connection strength.
  • the friction head 323 can produce obvious movement with the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the number of the friction heads 323 may be one or two or more.
  • two friction heads 323 are provided on one side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20, and the two friction heads 323 are spaced apart along the central axis O direction.
  • At least two friction heads 323 are provided on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20, thereby increasing the driving stroke. At least two friction heads 323 are arranged on one side, so that the actuating assembly 32 of the driving assembly 30 is less likely to tilt during installation. And under the action of at least one set of magnetic suction assemblies 50, when the actuating assembly 32 includes at least two friction heads 323, the movable carrier 20 is more likely to remain parallel to the fixed frame 10.
  • the present application can also provide a camera module, which includes an optical lens, a photosensitive component, and the above-mentioned driving mechanism.
  • the optical lens is arranged on a movable carrier 20, and the photosensitive component is arranged relative to the optical lens. Since the movable carrier 20 equipped with the optical lens can be adjusted smoothly, it is beneficial to realize the focusing function or the anti-shake function, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the camera module can be a periscope camera module, that is, the above-mentioned driving mechanism can be applied to the periscope camera module.
  • the periscope camera module reflects the light vertically incident on the end of the module by adding a prism group at the front end of the traditional module, thereby converting the vertical light into horizontal light and incident on the inside of the module.
  • the driving mechanism is placed horizontally and behind the prism group. At this time, the direction of the optical axis and the direction of the central axis O are parallel to the direction of the horizontal light, and the movable carrier 20 can achieve focusing when moving along the direction of the central axis O.
  • an exemplary camera module including a piezoelectric motor 1 which includes a piezoelectric motor 1, a lens assembly 2, and a photosensitive assembly 3.
  • the lens assembly 2 has an optical axis, and the piezoelectric motor 1 is disposed outside the lens assembly 2, the photosensitive assembly 3 is located below the lens assembly 2, and the lens assembly 2 is held on the photosensitive path of the photosensitive assembly 3.
  • the lens assembly 2 is used to collect imaging light from the subject and transmit the imaging light to the photosensitive assembly 3, and the photosensitive assembly 3 is used to receive the light passing through the lens assembly 2 to generate image information.
  • the piezoelectric motor 1 can drive the lens assembly 2 to move along the optical axis to adjust the distance between the lens assembly 2 and the photosensitive assembly 3 to achieve the focusing function; the piezoelectric motor 1 can drive the lens assembly 2 to move in the plane direction perpendicular to the optical axis to make the lens assembly 2 translate relative to the photosensitive assembly 3 to achieve the anti-shake function.
  • a piezoelectric motor 1 which includes a circuit board 10, a fixed component 20, a movable component 30, at least one driving mechanism 40, and a supporting mechanism 50.
  • the movable component 30 is accommodated in the fixed component 20, the driving end of at least one driving mechanism 40 abuts against the side wall of the movable component 30, and the movable component 30 is movably supported in the fixed component 20 by the supporting mechanism 50, so that when the movable component 30 is driven by the driving force of the driving mechanism 40 and moves, the friction resistance is small.
  • a portion of the circuit board 10 is fixedly connected to the fixed component 20, and another portion of the circuit board 10 is fixedly connected to the movable component 30.
  • the portion of the circuit board 10 fixed to the fixed component 20 and the portion of the circuit board 10 fixed to the movable component 30 are bent and have a certain flexibility, so that when the movable component 30 moves, the circuit board 10 has a small blocking effect on the movement of the movable component 30.
  • the circuit board 10 is electrically connected to the driving mechanism 40 to realize power supply for the driving mechanism 40.
  • the fixed assembly 20 includes a base 21 and a housing 22, wherein the housing 22 is located on the upper side of the base 21.
  • the base 21 and the housing 22 are engaged with each other to achieve a fixed connection, and a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing 22 to accommodate components such as the movable assembly 30, the circuit board 10, the driving mechanism 40, and the supporting mechanism 50.
  • the housing 22 can prevent the internal components from being impacted by the outside world and causing damage to the parts.
  • the circuit board 10 fixed on the base 21 is electrically connected to the photosensitive component 3 by leading out the pins 15 , so that the circuit board 10 in the photosensitive component 3 can control the piezoelectric motor 1 by signals.
  • the lower end of the movable component 30 and the upper surface of the base 21 are movably connected together by at least one supporting mechanism 50, and the upper end of the movable component 30 and the lower surface of the housing 22 are movably connected together by at least one supporting mechanism 50.
  • supporting mechanisms 50 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the movable component 30, which are movably connected to the base 21 and the housing 22, respectively.
  • the supporting mechanisms 50 support the gap height between the movable component 30 and the base 21 and the housing 22, so that the movable component 30 is not prone to shaking or tilting in the optical axis direction relative to the base 21 and the housing 22, thereby increasing the impact resistance and improving the product reliability.
  • the movable assembly 30 includes a first frame 31, a second frame 32, and a third frame 33.
  • the first frame 31 is located on the upper side of the base 21.
  • the first frame 31 and the base 21 are movably connected together through at least one supporting mechanism 50.
  • the second frame 32 is located inside the first frame 31.
  • the upper end of the second frame 32 and the lower surface of the housing 22 are movably connected together through at least one supporting mechanism 50.
  • the movable connection between the movable assembly 30 and the fixed assembly 20 is realized.
  • At least one supporting mechanism 50 is provided between the first frame 31 and the base 21, and the first frame 31 can have the freedom to move in a first direction relative to the base 21.
  • the second frame 32 is provided inside the first frame 31, and the second frame 32 and the first frame 31 are movably connected together through at least one supporting mechanism 50, and the second frame 32 has the freedom of movement in a second direction relative to the first frame 31.
  • the third frame 33 is provided inside the second frame 32, and the third frame 33 and the second frame 32 are movably connected together through at least one supporting mechanism 50, and the third frame 33 has the freedom of movement in a third direction relative to the second frame 32.
  • the driving mechanism 40 includes a first driving mechanism 401, a second driving mechanism 402, and a third driving mechanism 403.
  • the first frame 31 is movably connected to the base 21 and is suitable for moving in a first direction relative to the base 21.
  • the first driving mechanism 401 is provided between the first frame 31 and the base 21 to drive the first frame 31 to move relative to the base 21.
  • the second frame 32 is movably connected to the first frame 31 and is suitable for moving in a second direction relative to the first frame 31.
  • the second driving mechanism 402 is provided between the second frame 32 and the first frame 31 to drive the second frame 32 to move relative to the first frame 31.
  • the third frame 33 is movably connected to the second frame 32 and is suitable for moving in a third direction relative to the second frame 32.
  • the third driving mechanism 403 is provided between the third frame 33 and the second frame 32 to drive the third frame 33 to move relative to the second frame 32.
  • the direction of the freedom of movement of the second frame 32 relative to the first frame 31 is orthogonal to the direction of the freedom of movement of the first frame 31 relative to the base 21, that is, the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction, so that in the present application, the second frame 32 has the ability to move in the plane direction perpendicular to the optical axis relative to the base 21, and when anti-shake is performed, the second frame 32 can be driven to move in the plane direction relative to the base 21. That is, the piezoelectric motor 1 can realize the optical anti-shake function.
  • the third frame 33 has the freedom of movement in the third direction relative to the second frame 32, and the third direction is a direction parallel to the optical axis direction.
  • the driving direction of the second drive mechanism 402 is orthogonal to the driving direction of the first drive mechanism 401
  • the driving direction of the third drive mechanism 403 is orthogonal to the driving direction of the first drive mechanism 401 and the driving direction of the second drive mechanism 402, respectively, so that the third frame 33 can move in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis to achieve anti-shake, and can also move along the optical axis to achieve focusing processing. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the camera module 4 with the piezoelectric motor 1 can not only satisfy the horizontal movement required for the anti-shake photography of the camera module, but also perform the focusing process of the picture.
  • the driving mechanism 40 is piezoelectrically driven, which requires a friction connection relationship between the driving end and the driven part.
  • the support component 50 is provided to not only improve the parallelism of the movement of the driven part, but also change the friction mode of the driven part to reduce the friction resistance of the driven part during movement.
  • the support component 50 is set as a ball
  • the driven part is subjected to point friction
  • the support component 50 is a guide rod
  • the driven part is subjected to line friction.
  • the friction force of point friction or line friction is smaller than that of surface friction, thereby reducing the friction loss of the driving mechanism 40 and increasing the service life of the driving mechanism 40 and the piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the first direction is the x-axis direction in the figure
  • the second direction is the y-axis direction perpendicular to the x-axis direction and forming a horizontal plane with the x-axis direction
  • the third direction is the z-axis direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane
  • the z-axis direction is parallel to the optical axis.
  • Each driving mechanism 40 includes a respective pre-stressing component 41 and an actuating component 42.
  • the pre-stressing component 41 applies a pre-stressing force to the actuating component 42 so that the actuating component 42 abuts against the driven part, so that the actuating component 42 is suitable for driving the driven part to move when receiving a driving signal.
  • the actuating component 42 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423.
  • the friction head 423 is arranged on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the pre-stressing component 41. The friction head 423 abuts against the driven part as the driving end of the driving mechanism 40.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is a substrate that has an inverse piezoelectric effect and shrinks or expands according to the polarization direction and the electric field direction. It can be used by polarizing the substrate in the thickness direction of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics, polymers, etc.
  • the inverse piezoelectric effect refers to the application of an electric field in the polarization direction of the dielectric, and the dielectric undergoes mechanical deformation when a potential difference is generated.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 has the function of ultrasonic oscillation, and can realize the deflection reciprocating motion or elliptical motion on the specially arranged electrode layer, so as to achieve the effect of driving the driving end of the driving mechanism 40 .
  • the driven part is recorded as a movable part
  • the frame or base 21 that carries the driven part and is arranged adjacent to the driven part is recorded as a fixed part.
  • the piezoelectric motor 1 includes a movable part, a fixed part and a driving mechanism 40, wherein the movable part is movably connected to the fixed part, and the driving mechanism 40 includes a pre-stressing component 41 and an actuating component 42, and the actuating component 42 includes at least one piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the pre-stressing component 41 is connected to the fixed part and the actuating component 42, and applies a pre-stressing force to the actuating component 42 so that the actuating component 42 abuts against the movable part, so as to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part by piezoelectric drive.
  • the pre-stressing component is usually configured as a spring sheet 410, which is arranged on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 away from the movable part, the end of the spring sheet 410 is connected to the fixing part, and the middle part of the spring sheet 410 is pressed against the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the pre-stressing force is provided by the elastic force of the spring sheet 410.
  • the spring sheet 410 Since the spring sheet 410 has a small rigidity and is easy to deform, the spring sheet 410 will bend after providing the pre-stressing force, and an inclination angle will be generated in the middle part of the spring sheet 410, which will cause the piezoelectric vibrator 422 to have an inclination angle other than the preset angle relative to the movable part.
  • the spring sheet 410 is arranged parallel to the piezoelectric vibrator 422 to provide a pre-stressing force perpendicular to the abutting surface of the movable part, but in actual use, the spring sheet 410 bends so that the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is tilted relative to the movable part.
  • the material tolerance and assembly tolerance will directly affect the deformation degree of the spring 410, and then affect the pre-pressure, resulting in differences in the pre-pressure of each piezoelectric motor 1 in the piezoelectric motors 1 produced in the same batch.
  • the pre-pressure is the pressure of the actuator assembly 42 against the movable part.
  • the size and direction of the pre-pressure will affect the actuator assembly 42 and the movable part. That is to say, the existence of material tolerance and assembly tolerance leads to the problem of inconsistent pre-pressure of multiple piezoelectric motors 1 in the same batch, resulting in different driving effects of each actuating component 42 on the moving parts.
  • the spring 410 is bonded to the flexible circuit board 421 disposed on one side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in the actuator assembly 42 by an adhesive such as UV glue or thermosetting glue.
  • an adhesive such as UV glue or thermosetting glue.
  • the elastic modulus is relatively large, which will hinder the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 on the one hand, and on the other hand, will cause the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the spring 410 to form a rigid whole, changing the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the driving force of the actuator assembly 42 is relatively low, affecting the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the elastic modulus of the commonly used UV glue or thermosetting glue after curing is greater than 1Gpa, which is sufficient to cause the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the spring 410 to form a rigid whole, changing the vibration mode of the vibrator.
  • the present application improves the structure of the pre-pressing assembly 41 and other related components.
  • the present application provides a new piezoelectric motor 1 solution: a piezoelectric motor 1 applied to a camera module, comprising: a fixed part, a movable part and a driving assembly, the movable part is movably connected to the fixed part, the driving assembly comprises a pre-stressing assembly 41 and an actuating assembly 42, the pre-stressing assembly 41 comprises a structural part 411 and a buffer part 412, the structural part 411 is connected to the fixed part, the buffer part 412 is arranged between the structural part 411 and the actuating assembly 42, and is suitable for being deformed by being squeezed by the structural part 411 and the actuating assembly 42, the pre-stressing assembly 41 applies a pre-stress to the actuating assembly 42 so that the actuating assembly 42 abuts against the movable part, so that the actuating assembly 42 is suitable for driving the movable part to move relative to the fixed part when a driving signal is received.
  • the structural member 411 plays a rigid supporting role, and the structural member 411 will not be significantly deformed under the action of pre-pressure, which can prevent the actuator assembly 42 from tilting relative to the movable part, improve the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor 1, and further improve the shooting effect of the camera module.
  • the buffer 412 since the buffer 412 can be deformed, the buffer 412 is set between the structural member 411 and the actuator assembly 42. When assembling the piezoelectric motor 1, the deformation of the buffer 412 can offset at least part of the pre-pressure change caused by the material tolerance and assembly tolerance.
  • the pre-pressure deviation value of the two is less than ten times the difference.
  • the buffer member 412 can absorb part of the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, which is beneficial to maintaining the setting angle of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 relative to the movable part, so that the actual movement state of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is close to the design value, and the influence of the external environment, such as the deformation of the pre-stressing component 41, on the movement of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is reduced.
  • the buffer member 412 can be attached between the actuator component 42 and the structural member 411, which is not only convenient for assembly, but also avoids the problem of affecting the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 caused by using adhesives such as UV glue or thermosetting glue to bond the spring piece 410 in the prior art.
  • the actuating assembly 42 generally includes a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423.
  • the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the pre-pressing assembly 41 is connected to the friction head 423.
  • the pre-pressing force provided by the pre-pressing assembly 41 to the actuating assembly 42 acts on the movable part through the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the friction head 423. In other words, the friction head 423 abuts against the movable part under the action of the pre-pressing force.
  • the actuator assembly 42 also includes a flexible circuit board 421 that provides power to the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the flexible circuit board 421 is arranged between the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the buffer 412.
  • the flexible circuit board 421 (FPC) is a highly reliable and extremely flexible printed circuit board made of polyimide or polyester film as a substrate. FPC is also called a soft circuit board or a flexible circuit board. It is highly favored for its excellent properties such as light weight, thin thickness, and free bending and folding. As shown in Figure 44, the flexible circuit board 421 can be a local structure of the circuit board 10, or it can be another one or more circuit boards electrically connected to the circuit board 10.
  • the structural member 411 includes a first mounting surface 4111 facing the buffer member 412
  • the buffer member 412 includes a second mounting surface 4122 opposite to the first mounting surface 4111, and a third mounting surface 4123 arranged opposite to the second mounting surface 4122
  • the first mounting surface 4111 is fitted with the second mounting surface 4122
  • the actuator assembly 42 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is fitted with the third mounting surface 4123
  • a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the third mounting surface 4123 is connected to the friction head 423
  • the friction head 423 abuts against the movable part.
  • the actuator assembly 42 further includes a flexible circuit board 421 for providing power to the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the structural member 411 includes a first mounting surface 4111 facing the buffer member 412
  • the buffer member 412 includes a second mounting surface 4122 opposite to the first mounting surface 4111, and a third mounting surface 4123 opposite to and parallel to the second mounting surface 4122
  • the first mounting surface 4111 is bonded to the second mounting surface 4122
  • the actuator assembly 42 includes a flexible circuit board 421, a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423, two opposite surfaces of the flexible circuit board 421 are bonded to the third mounting surface 4123 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422, a surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the third mounting surface 4123 is connected to the friction head 423, and the friction head 423 abuts against the movable member.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 41 includes a structural member 411 and a buffer member 412.
  • the buffer member 412 is directly attached between the structural member 411 and the actuating assembly 42.
  • the actuating assembly 42 is attached to the structural member 411 through the buffer member 412.
  • the movable member is arranged in the fixing member, and the fixing member is provided with an opening penetrating the inside and outside of the fixing member.
  • the structural member 411 is arranged on the outside of the fixing member, and the size of the structural member 411 in at least one direction is larger than the size of the opening. In other words, the structural member 411 is parallel to its first mounting surface 4111 in its other direction.
  • the dimension in one direction is greater than the dimension of the opening, so that the structural member 411 can be fixed outside the fixed member, and the buffer member 412 and the actuating assembly 42 pass through the opening, so that the actuating assembly 42 can abut against the movable member.
  • the length and width of the opening are greater than or equal to the length and width of the actuating assembly 42 and the buffer member 412, so that the actuating assembly 42 and the buffer member 412 can pass through the opening so that the actuating assembly 42 can abut against the movable member.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is accommodated in the opening, reducing the size increase caused by the external placement of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and reducing the size of the piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the dimensions of the buffer member 412, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and other components in the driving assembly, and the opening on the fixed member refer to the size of each component projected on the structural member 411 along the installation direction between the actuating assembly 42, the buffer member 412 and the structural member 411.
  • the buffer member 412 is in the form of a thin sheet, which is respectively used to be parallel to the two side surfaces attached to the actuating assembly 42 and the structural member 411, that is, the second mounting surface 4122 on the outside of the buffer member 412 is arranged in parallel with the third mounting surface 4123 on the inside, and the side of the structural member 411 facing the buffer member 412 is a plane, which is the first mounting surface 4111.
  • the first mounting surface 4111 is connected to the outer side surface of the fixing member and the actuating assembly 42, so that the actuating assembly 42 can be kept parallel to the structural member 411, thereby maintaining the parallelism of the actuating assembly 42 relative to the movable member and the fixed member, so that the actuating assembly 42 is arranged in parallel between the movable member and the fixed member.
  • the buffer 412 can spontaneously generate adaptive deformation, which can offset at least part of the material tolerance and assembly tolerance and reduce the difference in preload among multiple piezoelectric motors 1 in the same batch, the consistency of the preload of each piezoelectric motor 1 still needs to be improved.
  • the present application adjusts the pressure applied to the structural member 411 during the assembly process of the piezoelectric motor 1, and adjusts the degree of compression and deformation of the buffer member 412 during the process of gradually moving the structural member 411 closer to the movable member, thereby setting the pre-stress of the piezoelectric motor 1 at a preset value in the initial state, and then fixes the structural member 411 on the fixing member, and fixes the spacing between the structural member 411 and the outer side surface of the fixing member to maintain the preset size of the pre-stress, so that the consistency of the pre-stress in multiple piezoelectric motors 1 is significantly improved.
  • the corresponding assembly process of the piezoelectric motor 1 will be disclosed later.
  • the side of the structural member 411 facing the buffer member 412 is a first mounting surface 4111, which is a plane, and there is a certain spacing distance between the first mounting surface 4111 and the outer side surface of the fixing member, so that a gap a is formed between the two.
  • the structural member 411 is connected to the fixing member by an adhesive 61, and the adhesive covers at least a portion of the peripheral side of the structural member 411. It can be understood that if the adhesive is set between the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixing member and the outer side of the fixing member, then when applying the glue, it is necessary to first expose the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixing member and the outer side of the fixing member in order to apply the glue, which is inconvenient to operate and is also easy to hinder the assembly step of adjusting the pre-pressure by applying a force toward the movable member to the structural member 411.
  • the method of covering the peripheral side of the structural member 411 with the adhesive is easy to operate and efficient, and is convenient for use in actual assembly. It should be understood that the adhesive 61 covers the outer side of the fixing member and at least a portion of the peripheral side of the structural member 411 at the same time.
  • the adhesive when the adhesive is coated on the periphery of the structural member 411, the adhesive extends to the side of the structural member 411 that is not facing the fixed member. In other words, part of the adhesive is arranged in the installation direction of the actuating assembly 42, the buffer member 412, and the structural member 411. Such an arrangement enables the adhesive to have a better fixing effect, and tightly presses the structural member 411 in the direction of the fixed member and the movable member, thereby continuously and stably providing pre-pressure.
  • the size of the structural member 411 in a specific direction exceeds the size of the opening on the fixing member.
  • the structural member 411 is rectangular, and along its length direction, the middle part of the structural member 411 is arranged relative to the opening, and the two ends of the structural member 411 are opposite to the shell around the opening on the fixing member.
  • the adhesive is coated on both ends of the structural member 411 so that the structural member 411 can be connected to the fixing member.
  • the structural member 411 is set to other shapes.
  • the dimensions of the structural member 411 may be larger than the size of the opening in multiple directions, and multiple ends or the entire periphery of the structural member 411 are opposite to the shell around the opening.
  • the adhesive is coated on at least two scattered points on the side of the structural member 411 to achieve the connection between the structural member 411 and the fixing member.
  • the adhesive is UV glue.
  • UV glue also known as ultraviolet glue, is a single-component UV visible light-cured modified acrylic structural adhesive.
  • UV glue is a type of adhesive that is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation.
  • UV glue can be first applied to the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixed member and the outer side of the fixed member, and then the glue is cured by UV light, i.e. ultraviolet irradiation, to complete the fixation of the structural member 411. At this time, the distance between the structural member 411 and the fixed member is determined, and the pre-pressure is at the initial preset value.
  • the UV glue can also be coated on the peripheral side of the structural member 411 so that the UV glue is in contact with the outer side of the fixed member at the same time.
  • the adhesive is a UV thermosetting adhesive, which can be cured by ultraviolet rays or Glue that is cured by heating and baking.
  • UV thermosetting glue can be first applied to the structural member 411 and the fixing member and irradiated with ultraviolet light to preliminarily fix the structural member 411 on the fixing member. After the spacing between the structural member 411 and the fixing member is determined, heating is performed to achieve complete curing of the UV thermosetting glue.
  • the structural member 411 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixing member by welding, hot riveting, etc.
  • the elastic coefficient of the structural member 411 is greater than or equal to 1.2*10 ⁇ 5N/m, so that the structural member 411 will not be significantly deformed under the reaction of the pre-pressure. For example, there will be no significant deformation when at least 300g of pre-pressure is applied, thereby preventing the actuator assembly 42 from tilting, and further avoiding the situation where the actuator assembly 42 drives the movable part to move in two directions at inconsistent speeds.
  • the thickness of the structural member 411 is greater than or equal to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the structural member 411 is steel, and the structural member 411 is implemented as a steel plate with a thickness of 200 ⁇ m. It can be measured that the structural member 411 has no obvious deformation after applying the pre-pressure.
  • the structural member 411 serves as a rigid support member
  • the buffer member 412 serves as a buffer element with adjustable deformation degree.
  • the elastic modulus of the structural member 411 is greater than the elastic modulus of the buffer member 412.
  • the buffer member 412 is easier to deform than the structural member 411, and can adaptively produce different degrees of shrinkage deformation according to the tolerances of different sizes in different piezoelectric motors 1, thereby reducing the difference in pre-stress of each piezoelectric motor 1 under different tolerances.
  • the thicker the thickness of the buffer member 412 and the lower the elastic modulus the higher its tolerance to material tolerance and assembly tolerance, so that the influence of material tolerance and assembly tolerance on the pre-stress of the piezoelectric motor 1 is lower.
  • the solution using the spring 410 in the prior art is limited by the deformation of the spring 410 itself, and the pre-stress generated by it has a large fluctuation due to the influence of material tolerance.
  • the buffer 412 can absorb part of the vibration deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, maintain the parallelism of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 relative to the movable part, and solve the problem in the prior art that the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 induces the vibration of the structural member 411, thereby playing a "partitioning" role.
  • the elastic modulus of the buffer 412 is greater than or equal to 100 KPa and less than or equal to 100 MPa.
  • the buffer 412 is difficult to deform, and when the elastic modulus of the buffer 412 is too low, it is difficult for the preload assembly 41 to provide sufficient preload to the actuating assembly 42.
  • the buffer 412 is just in a relatively suitable range, and the buffer 412 is moderately soft and hard, and can provide a preload within the required range.
  • the thickness of the buffer 412 is greater than or equal to 50 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 800 ⁇ m.
  • the deformation range of the buffer 412 is small, which is not enough to cope with the differences in material tolerances and assembly tolerances in each piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the thickness of the buffer 412 is too large, it will cause the thickness of the entire drive assembly to increase, so that the overall size of the piezoelectric motor 1 increases, which is contrary to the current miniaturization requirements of the camera module.
  • the elastic modulus of the buffer 412 ranges from 100KPa to 20MPa, and the thickness of the buffer 412 ranges from 50 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, both inclusive.
  • the elastic modulus of the buffer 412 is 450KPa and the thickness is 260 ⁇ m.
  • the buffer 412 can be implemented as a tape, and the two opposite surfaces of the buffer 412 are respectively bonded to the structural member 411 and the actuating assembly 42. It can be understood that the two opposite surfaces of the buffer 412 here are the second mounting surface 4122 and the third mounting surface 4123 mentioned above.
  • the tape connection has at least three advantages: first, it avoids the use of high elastic modulus glue, such as UV glue with an elastic modulus of at least 1GPa after curing, which will affect the deformation of the buffer 412 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422; second, it is easy to operate, and the actuating assembly 42 can be directly attached to the structural member 411 without the steps of coating glue and curing glue; third, the parallelism of the tape is relatively good, and it can provide parallel second mounting surface 4122 and third mounting surface 4123, which is conducive to improving the parallelism of the actuating assembly 42 relative to the fixed part and the movable part.
  • high elastic modulus glue such as UV glue with an elastic modulus of at least 1GPa after curing
  • the size of the buffer 412 can be smaller than, equal to, or larger than the size of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, as long as the buffer 412 is filled between the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the structural member 411.
  • the specific shape and number of the buffer 412 do not need to be limited. For example, two pieces of tape can be stacked and used as the buffer 412, or two pieces of tape can be spaced apart along the length direction of the structural member 411.
  • the size of the buffer 412 is larger than the size of the actuator assembly 42, specifically larger than the size of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in the actuator assembly 42, so that the buffer 412 can completely fill the space between the actuator assembly 42 and the structural member 411, which is beneficial to ensure the strength of the connection structure and the installation parallelism of the actuator assembly 42.
  • the piezoelectric motor 1 includes a base 21, a first frame 31, a second frame 32, and a third frame 33.
  • the first frame 31 is movably connected to the base 21 and is suitable for moving relative to the base 21 along a first direction.
  • a first driving mechanism 401 is provided between the first frame 31 and the base 21.
  • the second frame 32 is movably connected to the first frame 31 and is suitable for moving relative to the first frame 31 along a second direction.
  • a second driving mechanism 402 is disposed between the first frame 31 and the second frame 32.
  • the third frame 33 is movably connected to the second frame 32 and is adapted to move relative to the second frame 32 along a third direction.
  • a third driving mechanism 403 is disposed between the third frame 33 and the second frame 32.
  • At least one of the first driving mechanism 401, the second driving mechanism 402, and the third driving mechanism 403 and the surrounding related parts are improved to the above-mentioned driving assembly and related structures. And it is easy to understand that: when the first driving mechanism 401 is improved to the driving assembly, the base 21 is the fixed part and the first frame 31 is the movable part; when the second driving mechanism 402 is the driving assembly, the first frame 31 is the fixed part and the second frame 32 is the movable part; when the third driving mechanism 403 is the driving assembly, the second frame 32 is the fixed part and the third frame 33 is the movable part.
  • the present application improves the pre-stressing assembly 41 and related components in at least one of the driving mechanisms 40, and for the sake of distinguishing the description, the improved driving mechanism 40 is referred to as a driving assembly.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 and the actuating assembly 42 in the first driving mechanism 401 are respectively referred to as a first pre-stressing assembly and a first actuating assembly.
  • the first pre-stressing assembly When the first driving mechanism 401 is improved to a driving assembly, the first pre-stressing assembly includes a first structural member 4011 and a first buffer member 4012, and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the friction head 423 in the first actuating assembly are referred to as a first piezoelectric vibrator 4013 and a first friction head 4014.
  • the second driving mechanism 402 includes a second pre-stressing assembly and a second actuating assembly.
  • the second pre-stressing assembly When the second driving mechanism 402 is improved to a driving assembly, the second pre-stressing assembly includes a second structural member 4021 and a second buffer member 4022, and the second actuating assembly includes a second piezoelectric vibrator 4023 and a second friction head 4024.
  • the third driving mechanism 403 includes a third pre-pressing assembly and a third actuating assembly.
  • the third pre-pressing assembly includes a third structural member 4031 and a third buffer member 4032
  • the third actuating assembly includes a third piezoelectric vibrator 4033 and a third friction head 4034.
  • pre-pressing assembly may refer to any one of them, and the same applies to the terms “structural member”, “buffer member”, “driving mechanism”, “actuating assembly”, “piezoelectric vibrator”, “friction head”, “side electrode”, “opening”, etc.
  • the base 21 and the first frame 31 form a group of fixed parts and movable parts.
  • the base 21 includes a base body 211 and a base side plate 213 extending upward from at least two sides of the base body 211, wherein the base body 211 is located at the bottom side of the base 21, plays the role of base support, and the base body 211 is positioned and fixed with the housing 22.
  • the base body 211 can provide an installation reference for the components set on the base 21.
  • the base body 211 and/or the base side plate 213 are provided with a base ball groove 212.
  • the base 21 and the first frame 31 are movably connected by the balls set in the base ball groove 212, so that the first frame 31 can move relative to the base 21 along the first direction.
  • the end of the first structural member 4011 in the first pre-stressing assembly is connected to the outer wall of the base side plate 213, and the first actuating assembly is attached to the middle part of the first structural member 4011 through the first buffer member 4012, and the first buffer member 4012 and the first actuating assembly pass through the first opening 2131 on the base side plate 213.
  • the first pre-stressing assembly applies a pre-stress to the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013 in the first actuating assembly and applies the pre-stress to the outer surface of the side wall of the first frame 31 through the first friction head 4014 on the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013.
  • the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013 When the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013 is deformed, it drives the first friction head 4014 to move, so that the first friction head 4014 pushes the first frame 31 to move relative to the base 21 along the first direction through the friction force between the first friction head 4014 and the side wall of the first frame 31.
  • the first buffer member 4012 is arranged between the first structural member 4011 and the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013.
  • the first structural member 4011 plays a rigid supporting role for the first actuating assembly.
  • the first buffer member 4012 can offset at least part of the prestress change caused by the material tolerance and assembly tolerance brought by the base side plate 213 and the side wall of the first frame 31, and absorb part of the deformation of the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013.
  • the first actuating assembly can prevent the first actuating assembly from tilting relative to the first frame 31 and is conducive to the vibration mode excitation of the first piezoelectric vibrator 4013. It has the effect of enhancing the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor 1 in the first direction and improving the consistency of the prestress provided by the first prestressing assembly between different piezoelectric motors 1.
  • the first frame 31 and the second frame 32 form a group of fixed parts and movable parts.
  • a first frame ball groove 311 is provided on the first frame 31, and the top of the second frame 32 extends outward to form a protrusion 321 opposite to the first frame ball groove 311, and the lower surface of the protrusion 321 abuts against the balls in at least part of the first frame ball groove 311.
  • the first frame 31 and the second frame 32 are movably connected to each other, and the second frame 32 can move along the second direction relative to the first frame 31, and the connection structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the end of the second structural member 4021 in the second pre-stressing assembly is connected to the outer surface of the first frame 31, and the second actuating assembly is attached to the middle part of the second structural member 4021 through the second buffer member 4022, and the second buffer member 4022 and the second actuating assembly pass through the second opening 312 on the first frame 31.
  • the second pre-stressing assembly applies a pre-stress to the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023 in the second actuating assembly and applies the pre-stress to the side wall of the second frame 32 through the second friction head on the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023. When the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023 is deformed, it drives the second friction head to move.
  • the second friction head pushes the second frame 32 to move relative to the first frame 31 along the second direction through the friction force between the second friction head and the side wall of the second frame 32.
  • the second buffer 4022 is arranged between the second structural member 4021 and the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023, which can offset at least part of the pre-stress change caused by the material tolerance and assembly tolerance of the first frame 31 and the second frame 32, and absorb part of the deformation of the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023, and can prevent the second actuating assembly from tilting relative to the second frame 32, which is conducive to the vibration mode excitation of the second piezoelectric vibrator 4023, and has the effect of improving the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor 1 along the second direction and improving the consistency of the pre-stress provided by the second pre-stressing assembly between different piezoelectric motors 1.
  • a second frame ball groove 322 is provided on the top of the second frame 32, and the movable connection between the second frame 32 and the outer shell 22 is realized by the balls in the second frame ball groove 322, and the balls in the second frame ball groove 322 and the balls in the base ball groove 212 provide support force to the first frame 31 and the second frame 32 from the upper and lower sides respectively, so that the height positions of the first frame 31 and the second frame 32 in the third direction are fixed.
  • the housing 22 further includes a housing body 221 and a pressure plate 222.
  • the housing body 221 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the pressure plate 222.
  • a transverse spring 2221 is installed on the lower surface of the pressure plate 222.
  • the lower surface of the transverse spring 2221 abuts against the ball in the second frame ball groove 322 arranged at the top of the second frame 32, so that the transverse spring 2221, as a force-applying device, always provides a pressing force to this part of the ball to ensure that the second frame 32, the first frame 31 and the base 21 are flattened and corrected by the pressing force of the transverse spring 2221 after assembly.
  • the transverse spring 2221 has a certain strength, so that the upper end of the second frame 32 is limited, increasing the installation strength of the housing 22 assembled to the second frame 32. At the same time, the freedom between the housing 22 and the second frame 32 will not hinder the movement of the second frame 32 relative to the base 21, so as to increase the reliability of the piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the second frame 32 and the third frame 33 form a group of fixed parts and movable parts.
  • a second frame guide groove 323 is provided on the side wall of the second frame 32
  • a third frame guide groove 331 is provided on the side wall of the third frame 33.
  • the second frame guide groove 323 and the third frame guide groove 331 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two guide grooves cooperate to form a ball channel extending in a direction parallel to the optical axis.
  • the second frame 32 and the third frame 33 are movably connected by the balls arranged in the ball channel, so that the third frame 33 can move along the third direction relative to the second frame 32, and the connection structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the lens assembly 2 is arranged in the third frame 33, and the third frame 33 can move relative to the second frame 32 along the third direction, the second frame 32 can move relative to the first frame 31 along the second direction, and the first frame 31 can move relative to the base 21 along the first direction, so that the third frame 33 and the lens assembly 2 thereon have the freedom of movement in the third direction, the second direction, and the first direction relative to the base 21.
  • the third direction is parallel to the optical axis direction, so the piezoelectric motor 1 can realize the focusing function
  • the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other and form a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction, so the piezoelectric motor 1 can realize the optical image stabilization function.
  • the end of the third structural member 4031 in the third pre-stressing assembly is connected to the outer surface of the second frame 32, and the third actuating assembly is attached to the middle part of the third structural member 4031 through the third buffer member 4032, and the third buffer member 4032 and the third actuating assembly pass through the third opening 324 on the side wall of the second frame 32.
  • the third pre-stressing assembly applies a pre-stress to the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033 in the third actuating assembly and applies the pre-stress to the side wall of the third frame 33 through the third friction head 4034 on the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033.
  • the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033 When the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033 is deformed, it drives the third friction head 4034 to move, so that the third friction head 4034 pushes the third frame 33 to move along the third direction relative to the second frame 32 through the friction force between the third friction head 4034 and the side wall of the third frame 33.
  • the third buffer member 4032 is arranged between the third structural member 4031 and the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033, which can offset at least part of the prestress change caused by the material tolerance and assembly tolerance of the second frame 32 and the third frame 33, and absorb part of the deformation of the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033. It can prevent the third actuator assembly from tilting relative to the third frame 33, and is conducive to the vibration mode excitation of the third piezoelectric vibrator 4033. It has the effect of enhancing the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor 1 along the third direction and improving the consistency of the prestress provided by the third prestressing assembly between different piezoelectric motors 1.
  • the present application briefly describes the working principle of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 .
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 45 indicates the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, that is, the up and down direction, the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is used as the front and back direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the width direction is used as the front and back direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 has a multi-layer stacked structure. Specifically, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is stacked in the order of ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer, electrode layer...ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer in the thickness direction. Each electrode layer is arranged between two adjacent ceramic layers, and the upper and lower halves of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 are polarized in opposite directions respectively.
  • the first side electrode 4221 and the second side electrode 4222 are arranged opposite to each other front to back and are both arranged on the left side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the third side electrode 4223 and the fourth side electrode 4224 are arranged opposite to each other front to back and are both arranged on the right side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the first side electrode 4221 and the second side electrode 4222 are located on the left and right sides of the front of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and are respectively suitable for receiving two electrical signals with the same frequency but different phases, such as the X signal and the Y signal in Figure 46.
  • the second side electrode 4222 and the fourth side electrode are located on the left and right sides of the back of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and are grounded respectively.
  • the four side electrodes all extend in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and are electrically connected to the top electrode layer, several middle electrode layers, and the bottom electrode layer in sequence, so that an electric field is generated between adjacent electrode layers.
  • the ceramic layer undergoes deformation such as elongation or contraction under the action of the electric field. In FIG46, the contraction is indicated by arrows facing each other, and the elongation is indicated by arrows facing away from each other.
  • the electric field formed between each two adjacent electrode layers is superimposed in the upper and lower directions. As a result, the voltage required to drive the entire piezoelectric vibrator 422 to flexural vibration is reduced.
  • the number of electrode layers and the number of ceramic layers can be designed according to the specific driving force requirements and voltage requirements that can be provided.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is divided into an upper left segment, an upper right segment, a lower left segment, and a lower right segment, and when the side electrode is connected to the electrical signal, four time points from t1 to t4 are intercepted for observation.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 produces four deformation states as shown in Figure 46 at the four moments t1, t2, t3 and t4, respectively. At moment t1, the upper left segment and the upper right segment contract, the lower left segment and the lower right segment extend, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 bends upward, and the friction head 423 moves downward relatively.
  • the friction head 423 moves to the upper left.
  • the friction head 423 first moves upward and then moves to the lower right.
  • the friction head 423 moves downward to the same position as t1.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 switches between these four deformation states, so that the friction head 423 fixed to the upper surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 produces an elliptical motion as shown in the figure.
  • the friction head 423 is able to drive the movable part to move through high frequency.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be made of piezoelectric ceramic material or piezoelectric single crystal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be a single-layer ceramic body or a single-layer single crystal, or a multi-layer ceramic body or a multi-layer single crystal, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics, barium titanate (BT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate (PMN-PT)-based piezoelectric single crystals, etc.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • KNN potassium sodium niobate
  • BT barium titanate
  • PMN-PT lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate
  • the friction head 423 is made of wear-resistant material, for example, it can be made of various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc., so as to improve the wear resistance of the friction head 423, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the moving parts and the friction head 423, that is, it is beneficial to increase the driving force, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the friction head 423.
  • various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc.
  • a wear-resistant portion 301 is provided on the movable part, and the friction head 423 abuts against the wear-resistant portion 301.
  • the wear-resistant portion 301 may be a wear-resistant coating, or a friction-resistant plate assembled on the movable part by bonding, insert injection molding, etc., or an uneven outer surface on the movable part, etc., which is a structure that can achieve friction resistance.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant portion 301 is beneficial to increasing the friction between the movable part and the friction head 423, that is, it is beneficial to increasing the driving force, and due to its wear resistance, it is beneficial to prolonging the service life.
  • the wear-resistant part 301 when the wear-resistant part 301 is set as a friction-resistant plate, it can be fixed on the movable part by bonding, fastener connection, insert injection molding, etc. to form an integrated force-bearing structure with the movable part, and referring to the material of the friction head 423, the friction-resistant plate can be made of the same or different wear-resistant material as the friction head 423.
  • the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the specific shapes of the friction head 423 and the friction-resistant plate.
  • the shape of the friction head 423 can be a sphere, a hemisphere, a cuboid, a table, a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, etc.
  • the friction-resistant plate can be in the form of a sheet or a block.
  • the friction head 423 is in the shape of a cylinder.
  • the cylindrical friction head 423 is placed vertically as shown in FIG. 39, or is placed horizontally on the piezoelectric vibrator 422 as shown in FIG. 45 to provide line friction between the drive assembly and the movable part.
  • the line contact between the friction head 423 and the wear-resistant portion 301 of the movable part has greater friction than the point contact method, and has better driving force and driving effect.
  • the number of friction heads 423 can be one or two or more.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is in the shape of a rectangular strip, and the friction head 423 is protrudingly arranged at the center position of the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable part, which can increase the unit driving stroke of the friction head 423.
  • the number of friction heads 423 is two, and the two friction heads 423 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is parallel to the movement direction of the driving movable part. In the driving direction along the driving component, at least two friction heads 423 are provided on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable part, thereby increasing the driving stroke.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be an integrated structure or a detachable structure.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be fixed to the piezoelectric vibrator 422 by bonding, snapping, nesting, welding or fastener connection.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 are in surface contact to ensure the connection strength.
  • the friction head 423 can produce obvious movement with the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the present application further discloses an assembly process of the piezoelectric motor 1, which comprises the following steps:
  • the driving assembly includes a pre-pressing assembly 41 and an actuating assembly 42, and the pre-pressing assembly 41 includes a structural member 411 and a buffer member 412;
  • step S6 fixing the structural member 411 on the fixing member, and during the fixing process, continuously applying the pressure provided in step S5 to the structural member 411, and after the fixing of the structural member 411 is completed, removing the pressure;
  • S2 and S3 are in no particular order.
  • the setting of the buffer 412 can reduce the influence of the manufacturing tolerance and assembly tolerance of the material on the size of the pre-stress, there are still differences in the size of the pre-stress among the multiple piezoelectric motors 1 produced, and accordingly, there are also differences in the driving force of the piezoelectric motor 1.
  • the piezoelectric motors 1 manufactured in large quantities the inconsistency of the driving force will cause a large difference in the performance of the piezoelectric motor 1. Therefore, it is necessary to further provide a method to improve the problem. To this end, the present application further improves the assembly process:
  • step S5 further includes the step of obtaining the value of the pressure applied to the structural member 411 through the pressure sensor, and adjusting the magnitude of the pressure until it is the same as the preset value.
  • a device with a pressure sensor is used to apply pressure to the back of the structural member 411, and while the structural member 411 is pressed toward the fixing member to increase the current pre-pressure, the magnitude of the current pre-pressure can be measured in real time and synchronously.
  • step S6 during the process of fixing the structural member 411 on the outer side of the fixing member, it is necessary to maintain the application of pressure and keep the pressure value equal to the preset value, so that after the pressure is finally removed, the pre-pressure provided by the pre-pressure component 41 to the actuating component 42 is close to the preset value.
  • fixing the structural member 411 on the fixing member specifically includes the steps of: applying glue on the circumference of the structural member 411 and making the glue contact with the fixing member, continuously applying the pressure provided in step S5 to the structural member 411, and completing the fixing of the structural member 411 after the glue is cured, and removing the pressure.
  • the glue is disposed between the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixing member and the outer side of the fixing member, the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixing member and the outer side of the fixing member need to be exposed before applying the glue, that is, the assembly formed in step S3 needs to be removed first, which is inconvenient to operate and may also hinder the assembly step of adjusting the preload by applying a force toward the movable member to the structural member 411.
  • the method of coating the adhesive around the structural member 411 is convenient and efficient, and is convenient for use in actual assembly.
  • the adhesive when the adhesive is coated on the periphery of the structural member 411, the adhesive extends to the side of the structural member 411 that is not facing the fixed member. In other words, part of the adhesive is arranged in the installation direction of the actuating assembly 42, the buffer member 412, and the structural member 411. Such an arrangement enables the adhesive to have a better fixing effect, and tightly presses the structural member 411 in the direction of the fixed member and the movable member, thereby continuously and stably providing pre-pressure.
  • the glue may be UV glue, which is first coated on the circumference of the structural member 411 so that the UV glue covers at least a portion of the circumference of the structural member 411, and then cured by UV light, ie ultraviolet rays.
  • the piezoelectric motor includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20 movably arranged in the fixed frame 10, and a support assembly 30 and a drive assembly 40 arranged between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the drive end of the drive assembly 40 abuts against the movable carrier 20 and provides a pre-pressure P to the movable carrier 20.
  • the support assembly 30 is arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, and provides a supporting force N to the movable carrier 20.
  • the supporting force N cooperates with the pre-pressure P, so that the movable carrier 20 can be movably supported.
  • the driving assembly 40 receives a driving signal, the movable carrier 20 can be driven to move along a specific direction through the friction between the driving end and the movable carrier 20.
  • the driving assembly 40 includes a pre-stressing assembly 41 and an actuating assembly 42.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 42 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 41.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 provides a pre-stressing force P toward the movable carrier 20 to the actuating assembly 42, so that the driving end of the brake assembly abuts against one side of the movable carrier 20 and applies the pre-stressing force P to the movable carrier 20.
  • the actuating assembly 42 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 41.
  • the friction head 423 is fixed on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 423 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 as the driving end of the driving assembly 40.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is a substrate that has an inverse piezoelectric effect and shrinks or expands according to the polarization direction and the electric field direction. It can be used by polarizing the substrate in the thickness direction of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics, polymers, etc.
  • the inverse piezoelectric effect refers to the application of an electric field in the polarization direction of the dielectric, and the dielectric undergoes mechanical deformation when a potential difference is generated.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 has the effect of ultrasonic oscillation, and can realize a swaying reciprocating motion or an elliptical motion on a specifically set electrode layer, thereby being able to drive the friction head 423 to perform a swaying reciprocating motion or an elliptical motion, thereby realizing the driving of the movable carrier 20.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 causes the friction head 423 to move by deformation, and when the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is deformed, the angle between the friction head 423 and the abutting surface of the movable carrier 20 changes accordingly, resulting in the pre-pressure P not always acting perpendicularly on the side wall of the movable carrier 20, but the direction of the pre-pressure P has a certain inclination relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located.
  • the pre-pressure component 41 when the hardness of the pre-pressure component 41 is relatively small, for example, when the pre-pressure component 41 is a spring 410, the pre-pressure component 41 may bend to a certain extent due to the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, resulting in the direction of the pre-pressure P relative to the angle of the abutting surface. That is to say, under certain circumstances, the direction of the pre-pressure P is inclined relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located. In this case, when the actuating component 42 drives the movable carrier 20 to move, it is easy to cause the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the pre-stressing component 41 is configured as a spring sheet 410, the spring sheet 410 is located on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the movable carrier 20, the end of the spring sheet 410 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 10, the middle part of the spring sheet 410 abuts against the outer side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the pre-stressing force P is provided by the elastic force of the spring sheet 410.
  • the spring sheet 410 Since the spring sheet 410 has a small rigidity and is easy to deform, the spring sheet 410 will bend after providing the pre-stressing force P, and an inclination angle will be generated in the middle part of the spring sheet 410, which will cause the piezoelectric vibrator 422 to have an inclination angle other than the preset angle relative to the movable carrier 20.
  • the spring sheet 410 is arranged parallel to the piezoelectric vibrator 422 to provide a pre-stressing force P perpendicular to the abutting surface of the movable carrier 20, but in actual use, the spring sheet 410 bends so that the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is tilted relative to the movable carrier 20, and the pre-stressing force P acts on the movable carrier 20 in an inclined manner, causing the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the support assembly 30 is arranged at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20. From a top view, the support assembly 30 arranged at the two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20 and the actuating assembly 42 are arranged at three points on the side wall of the movable carrier 20. The distance from the center position where the actuating assembly 42 and the movable carrier 20 are in friction contact to the connecting line of the support assembly 30 arranged at the two diagonal positions is the lever arm x. The magnitude of the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20 at the diagonal position is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lever arm x. The three-point arrangement makes the lever arm x and the overturning moment M larger.
  • the movable carrier 20 When the movable carrier 20 is driven by the actuating assembly 42, the movable carrier 20 will have a larger inclination angle, causing the movable carrier 20 to tilt. Once the movable carrier 20 tilts to a certain extent, the support assembly 30 will be stuck between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, causing the movable carrier 20 to be unable to move to achieve the optical focusing function.
  • the existing arrangement of the support assembly 30 will affect the speed and effect of optical focusing.
  • the present application improves the setting position of the support component 30: the present application provides a piezoelectric motor, which is applied to a camera module, as shown in Figures 51-60, which includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20, a driving component 40, and a supporting component 30.
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably set on the fixed frame 10
  • the driving component 40 is connected to the fixed frame 10 and abuts against the movable carrier
  • the supporting component 30 is set between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20
  • the supporting component 30 cooperates with the driving component 40 so that the movable carrier 20 is supported on the fixed frame 10
  • the driving component 40 and the supporting component 30 are set on the same side of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the arrangement of the support assembly 30 and the driving assembly 40 on the same side of the piezoelectric motor reduces the distance from the friction head 423 of the actuating assembly 42 to the connecting line between the two support assemblies 30, that is, x becomes smaller, thereby reducing the torque M.
  • the movable carrier 20 is driven to move by the actuating assembly 42, the inclination angle of the movable carrier 20 is small, and the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting and the support assembly 30 getting stuck is reduced, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focusing effect.
  • the support component 30 is arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, so that there is a fixed gap between the opposite surfaces of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the support component 30 can change the contact mode between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, such as point contact and line contact. Compared with the friction generated by direct surface contact between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, the friction contact area is reduced, thereby reducing the friction force received by the movable carrier 20 when it moves relative to the fixed frame 10, and the movable carrier 20 is easier to drive.
  • the movable carrier 20 is disposed in the fixed frame 10, and a lens assembly is provided on the movable carrier 20, the lens assembly has an optical axis, and the driving assembly 40 can drive the movable carrier 20 to move along the optical axis relative to the fixed frame 10, thereby realizing the optical focusing function.
  • the driving assembly 40 includes a pre-stressing assembly 41 and an actuating assembly 42.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 42 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 41.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 provides a pre-stress P to the actuating assembly 42, so that the driving end of the actuating assembly 42 abuts against the movable carrier 20 and applies the pre-stress P to the movable carrier 20, so that the actuating assembly 42 is suitable for driving the movable carrier 20 to move relative to the fixed frame 10 when receiving a driving signal.
  • the actuating assembly 42 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 422 and a friction head 423.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 41.
  • the friction head 423 is fixed to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 423 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 as the driving end of the driving assembly 40.
  • the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 causes the friction head 423 to move, and the friction between the friction head 423 and the outer wall of the movable carrier 20 drives the movable carrier 20 to move linearly in the direction parallel to the optical axis.
  • the actuator assembly 42 further includes a piezoelectric circuit board, which is specifically a flexible circuit board 421, referred to as FPC, and the piezoelectric circuit board is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 422 to provide power and drive signals for the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board can be arranged on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 that faces away from the movable carrier 20.
  • the pre-pressing component 41 is disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing away from the movable carrier 20, so as to provide a pre-pressing force P for pressing the movable carrier 20 to the friction head 423 disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board can be disposed between the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and the pre-pressing component 41.
  • the support component 30 is specifically implemented as a ball. Under the action of the pre-pressing component 41, multiple balls are clamped between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20. There is point contact between the balls and the movable carrier 20. The multiple balls form a supporting surface to provide a supporting force N for the movable carrier 20, so that the movable carrier 20 is supported parallelly and stably on the fixed frame 10.
  • the ball when the movable carrier 20 has a certain inclination angle relative to the fixed frame 10, the ball has the risk of being stuck, and when sliding friction occurs between the ball and the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, the ball may be in a rolling state or in a sliding state, and the motion state of the ball is uncertain.
  • the ball can switch the motion state at will, which increases the risk of being stuck.
  • the ball may also fall off, rub or collide with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 to produce debris, and the debris causes the ball to be stuck.
  • the support assembly 30 is set as a ball, there is a defect of uncertain friction and easy stuck, which will affect the focusing effect.
  • the support assembly 30 is specifically implemented as a guide rod.
  • the two guide rods together form a support surface to support the movable carrier 20 on the fixed frame 10.
  • the support assembly 30 is a guide rod, and at least two protrusions 201 suitable for contacting the guide rod are provided on the movable carrier 20, and the at least two protrusions 201 are arranged at intervals in a direction parallel to the length direction of the guide rod.
  • the movable carrier 20 contacts the guide rod through the protrusions 201, and a relative depression is formed between two adjacent protrusions 201, and the depression does not contact the guide rod, which can reduce the friction contact area between the movable carrier 20 and the guide rod, and reduce the friction resistance suffered by the movable carrier 20 when moving, and the protrusions 201 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the guide rod, so as to support the guide rod at at least two points or two regions in the length direction of the guide rod, so that the guide rod can be supported stably.
  • the protrusion heights of the protrusions 201 are consistent to keep the length direction of the guide rod parallel to the optical axis.
  • the movable carrier 20 is provided with two protrusions 201, and the two protrusions 201 are located at both ends of the movable carrier 20, and the middle part of the movable carrier 20 is relatively recessed to be separated from the middle part of the support assembly 30.
  • the purpose of reducing the friction contact area and stably supporting the guide rod is achieved with a minimum number of protrusions 201, and the structure is relatively simple and easy to process.
  • the present application does not limit the support component 30 to be specifically a ball, guide rod or other structure, as long as it can provide a support surface to support the movable carrier 20 and reduce the friction resistance when the movable carrier 20 moves.
  • the support component 30 can also be implemented as a slider fixed on the movable carrier 20 or the fixed frame 10.
  • the support assembly 30 includes a first support member 31 and a second support member 32, and the first support member 31 and the second support member 32 are respectively located on both sides of the driving assembly 40.
  • the two support assemblies 30 provide a supporting force N for the movable carrier 20 from both sides of the driving assembly 40, so that the movable carrier 20 can be stably supported in the fixed frame 10.
  • first support member 31 and the second support member 32 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving assembly 40 to provide equal supporting forces N to both sides of the movable carrier 20, thereby preventing the movable carrier 20 from tilting due to rotation around the optical axis.
  • the fixed frame 10 has a first frame side portion 11
  • the movable carrier 20 has a first carrier side portion 21
  • the first frame side portion 11 is arranged opposite to the first carrier side portion 21
  • the driving assembly 40 is arranged between the first frame side portions 11 and the first frame side portions 11 .
  • the first frame side portion 11 is provided with an opening 111 that passes through both the inner and outer sides thereof, the pre-pressing assembly 41 is connected to the outer surface of the first frame side portion 11, and the actuating assembly 42 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 41 and abuts against the outer surface of the first carrier side portion 21 through the opening 111.
  • the driving assembly 40 is partially accommodated in the opening 111, which reduces the extra space required for the driving assembly 40 and reduces the size of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the fixed frame 10 is provided with a first inner convex portion 12 and a second inner convex portion 13 protruding toward the movable carrier 20, and the first carrier side portion 21 is provided with a first outer convex portion 22 and a second outer convex portion 23 protruding toward the fixed frame 10 at both ends.
  • the first outer convex portion 22 is located between the first frame side portion 11 and the first inner convex portion 12
  • the second outer convex portion 23 is located between the first frame side portion 11 and the second inner convex portion 13
  • the first support member 31 is located between the first outer convex portion 22 and the first inner convex portion 12
  • the second support member 32 is located between the second outer convex portion 23 and the second inner convex portion 13.
  • the structural arrangement of the inner convex portion and the outer convex portion enables the support assembly 30 to be arranged on the same side of the piezoelectric motor together with the driving assembly 40, and the support assembly 30 is clamped between the inner convex portion and the outer convex portion, so that by reducing the value of x, the value of the overturning moment M acting on the movable carrier 20 is reduced, and the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting is reduced.
  • the fixed frame 10 includes a second frame side portion 14 and a third frame side portion 15 adjacent to the first frame side portion 11, the second frame side portion 14 and the third frame side portion 15 are arranged opposite to each other and form a certain angle with the first frame side portion 11 respectively, the first inner protrusion 12 is arranged on the second frame side portion 14 and on a side relatively close to the first frame side portion 11, and a space suitable for accommodating the first outer protrusion 22 and the first support member 31 is formed between the first inner protrusion 12 and the first frame side portion 11, the second inner protrusion 13 is arranged on the third frame side portion 15 and on a side relatively close to the first frame side portion 11, and a space suitable for accommodating the second outer protrusion 23 and the second support member 32 is formed between the second inner protrusion 13 and the first frame side portion 11.
  • the movable carrier 20 includes a second carrier side portion 24 and a third carrier side portion 25 adjacent to the first carrier side portion 21, the second carrier side portion 24 and the third carrier side portion 25 are arranged opposite to each other and intersect with the first carrier side portion 21 respectively, the left end of the first carrier side portion 21 protrudes to the left relative to the second carrier side portion 24 to form a first outer protrusion 22, and a space suitable for accommodating the first inner protrusion 12 and the first support member 31 is formed between the first outer protrusion 22 and the second carrier side portion 24, the right end of the first carrier side portion 21 protrudes to the right relative to the third carrier side portion 25 to form a second outer protrusion 23, and a space suitable for accommodating the second inner protrusion 13 and the second support member 32 is formed between the second outer protrusion 23 and the third carrier side portion 25.
  • the drive assembly 40 is arranged at the center of the first frame side portion 11, the first inner protrusion 12 and the second inner protrusion 13 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the drive assembly 40, and the first outer protrusion 22 and the second outer protrusion 23 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the drive assembly 40.
  • a first guide groove 121 is provided on the first inner convex portion 12, and a second guide groove 221 is provided on the first outer convex portion 22.
  • the first guide groove 121 and the second guide groove 221 are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a first channel 2a extending along the first direction.
  • the first support member 31 is arranged in the first channel 2a to guide the movement direction of the movable carrier 20. It can be understood that the first support member 31 is continuously clamped in the guide grooves on both sides. When the movable carrier 20 moves relative to the fixed frame 10, the first support member 31 cooperates with the guide grooves on both sides to limit the movement direction of the movable carrier 20 and guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the first direction. That is to say, in addition to supporting the movable carrier 20, the first support member 31 can also play a positioning role.
  • the first direction is the optical axis direction
  • the first guide groove 121 and the second guide groove 221 are a group of V-shaped grooves with grooves arranged opposite to each other, and the first guide groove 121 and the second guide groove 221 clamp and fix the cylindrical first support member 31 in the first channel 2a.
  • a third guide groove is provided on the second inner protrusion 13
  • a fourth guide groove is provided on the second outer protrusion 23.
  • the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a second channel 2b extending along the first direction.
  • the second support member 32 is arranged in the second channel 2b, which can also play a role in guiding the movement direction of the movable carrier 20.
  • a first support portion 131 is provided on the second inner convex portion 13
  • a second support portion 231 is provided on the second outer convex portion 23
  • the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231 are arranged opposite to each other, and cooperate to form a second channel 2b extending along the first direction
  • the second support member 32 is arranged in the second channel 2b.
  • the first support portion 131 is provided on a side of the second inner convex portion 13 facing the first frame side portion 11
  • the second support portion 231 is provided on a side of the second outer convex portion 23 facing away from the first frame side portion 11.
  • the first support member 31 cooperates with the second support member 32 to form a support surface, so that the movable carrier 20 is stably supported on the fixed frame 10.
  • the second inner convex portion 13 can be implemented as the same structure as the first inner convex portion 12, for example, a third guide groove opposite to the first guide groove 121 is provided, and the third guide groove is used as the first support portion 131.
  • the second inner convex portion 13 can also be implemented as a structure different from the first inner convex portion 12, that is, in this case, the first support portion 131 can be implemented as a structure different from the first guide groove 121.
  • the second outer convex portion 23 and the second support portion 231 are the same.
  • the first support member 31 supports and positions the movable carrier 20, and the second support member 32 supports the movable carrier 20 but does not position it, which can solve the problem of the second support member 32 being difficult to assemble.
  • At least one of the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231 is provided with a support plane 202 suitable for contacting with the second support member 32, and the second support member 32 is suitable for adjusting its position perpendicular to the first direction along the support plane 202. Therefore, even if there is a certain range of misalignment between the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231, the second support member 32 can still be easily assembled into the second channel 2b between the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231.
  • the provision of the support plane 202 allows a certain range of manufacturing tolerances between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, reduces the precision requirements for the processing and manufacturing of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, and reduces the difficulty and cost of processing and assembly.
  • a plane groove is provided on the first support portion 131 on the second inner convex portion 13, and the plane groove has a certain width in the left-right direction, that is, in a direction perpendicular to both the optical axis direction and the pre-pressure P direction, so that the second support member 32 can adjust its position in the left-right direction along the bottom of the plane groove, and at this time, the bottom of the plane groove constitutes a support plane 202.
  • the second support portion 231 on the second outer convex portion 23 is not provided with a groove, but directly provides a plane extending in the left-right direction with a certain width, so that the second support member 32 can slide left and right along this plane, that is, along the second support portion 231 to adjust its position, and at this time, the plane is another support plane 202.
  • the left side wall and the right side wall of the planar groove are respectively extended toward the second support portion 231, thereby forming two limiting surfaces on the left and right sides, which can limit the movement range of the second support member 32 in the left and right directions, and prevent the second support member 32 from escaping from the second channel 2b in the left and right directions.
  • the first support portion 131 may also be configured as a non-planar groove structure
  • the second support portion 231 may also be configured as a planar groove structure, as long as at least one supporting plane 202 can be provided.
  • the specific structure and setting position of the limiting surface are not specifically limited, as long as it can prevent the second support member 32 from escaping from the second channel 2b in the left and right directions.
  • one of the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231 may be configured as a V-shaped groove, and the other may be configured as a planar groove.
  • the second support member 32 may be slid and fine-tuned along the bottom of the planar groove during assembly, and may be inserted into the V-shaped groove and limited by the V-shaped groove.
  • both the first support portion 131 and the second support portion 231 may be configured as planar groove structures.
  • the first support member 31 is a first guide rod
  • the second support member 32 is a second guide rod. Both the first guide rod and the second guide rod are arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 parallel to the optical axis and are in line contact with the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 respectively.
  • first support member 31 and the second support member 32 may also be balls, which are in point contact with the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • first support member 31 includes at least two balls spaced apart along the extending direction of the first channel 2a
  • second support member 32 includes at least two balls spaced apart along the extending direction of the second channel 2b, so as to provide more stable support for the movable carrier 20.
  • the first support member 31 is disposed in the first channel 2a and is suitable for moving along the first direction
  • the second support member 32 is disposed in the second channel 2b and is at least suitable for moving along the first direction
  • the present application records the support assembly 30 on the left side of the driving assembly 40 as the first support member 31 and the support assembly 30 on the right side of the driving assembly 40 as the second support member 32, in fact, the first support member 31 may also be the support assembly 30 on the right side of the driving assembly 40, and the second support member 32 may also be the support assembly 30 on the left side of the driving assembly 40.
  • the first inner convex portion 12, the second inner convex portion 13, the first outer convex portion 22, the second outer convex portion 23 and other structures are similar.
  • the protrusion 201 provided to reduce the contact area between the movable carrier 20 and the guide rod does not conflict with the second guide groove 221 and the second support portion 231.
  • the second guide groove 221 is a V-shaped groove, which contacts the guide rod with two side walls, and the middle of the two side walls of the V-shaped groove is recessed downward to avoid contact with the guide rod, and the two ends of the two side walls of the V-shaped groove are respectively protruding, forming a partial
  • the so-called protrusion 201 and the second supporting portion 231 are actually equivalent to the side of the protrusion 201 away from the first frame side portion 11 of the fixed frame 10, that is, the second outer protrusion 23 is provided with a part of the protrusion 201, and the side of the part of the protrusion 201 opposite to the third carrier side portion 25 forms the second supporting portion 231.
  • the present application further discloses the relevant structure of the pre-pressing component 41 in the driving component 40.
  • the pre-pressing component 41 is an elastic structure, such as a spring sheet 410.
  • the spring sheet 410 can be bonded to the actuating component 42 by glue.
  • the present application improves the pre-pressure component 41: as shown in Figure 52 and Figures 57-60, the pre-pressure component 41 includes a structural member 411 and a buffer member 412, the structural member 411 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the buffer member 412 is arranged between the structural member 411 and the actuating component 42, and is suitable for being deformed by the extrusion of the structural member 411 and the actuating component 42.
  • the actuating component 42 is attached to the structural member 411 through the buffer member 412.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 41 will deform and bend, causing the actuating assembly 42 to tilt relative to the movable carrier 20, and then the actuating assembly 42 drives the movable carrier 20 to move at inconsistent speeds in two opposite directions relative to the fixed frame 10, affecting the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the present application improves the structure of the pre-stressing assembly 41, and the structural member 411 will not be significantly deformed under the action of the pre-stressing pressure P, which can prevent the actuating assembly 42 from tilting relative to the movable carrier 20, improve the driving effect of the piezoelectric motor, and then improve the shooting effect of the camera module.
  • the buffer 412 Since the buffer 412 can be deformed, the buffer 412 is set between the structural member 411 and the actuating assembly 42.
  • the deformation of the buffer 412 can offset at least part of the change in the pre-stressing pressure P caused by the material tolerance and the assembly tolerance, thereby improving the consistency of the pre-stressing pressure P in multiple piezoelectric motors in the same batch.
  • the problem that the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in the actuator component 42 and the spring 410 form a rigid whole due to the large elastic modulus of adhesives such as UV glue or thermosetting glue after curing, which affects the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and thus affects the driving effect is solved.
  • the buffer member 412 of the present application can absorb part of the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, which is conducive to maintaining the setting angle of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 relative to the movable carrier 20, so that the actual movement state of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is close to the design value, reducing the influence of the external environment, such as the deformation of the pre-loading component 41, on the movement of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the movable carrier 20 is disposed in the fixed frame 10, and an opening 111 is provided on the fixed frame 10 that passes through both sides of the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 411 is disposed outside the fixed frame 10, and the size of the structural member 411 in at least one direction is larger than the size of the opening 111, so that the structural member 411 can be fixed outside the fixed frame 10, and the buffer member 412 and the actuating assembly 42 pass through the opening 111, so that the actuating assembly 42 can abut against the movable carrier 20.
  • the length and width of the opening 111 are greater than or equal to the length and width of the actuating assembly 42 and the buffer member 412, so that the actuating assembly 42 and the buffer member 412 can pass through the opening 111 so that the actuating assembly 42 can abut against the movable carrier 20.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is accommodated in the opening 111, reducing the size increase caused by the external placement of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and reducing the size of the piezoelectric motor.
  • the size of the components such as the buffer 412, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in the driving component 40, and the opening 111 on the fixed frame 10 refers to the size of the projection of each component on the structural component 411 along the installation direction between the actuator component 42, the buffer 412, and the structural component 411.
  • the buffer member 412 is in the form of a thin sheet, which is respectively used to be parallel to the two side surfaces attached to the actuating assembly 42 and the structural member 411, that is, the outer side surface of the buffer member 412 is arranged in parallel with the inner side surface, and the side of the structural member 411 facing the buffer member 412 is a plane, which is connected to the outer side surface of the fixed frame 10 and the actuating assembly 42, so that the actuating assembly 42 can be kept parallel to the structural member 411, thereby maintaining the parallelism of the actuating assembly 42 relative to the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, so that the actuating assembly 42 is arranged in parallel between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the buffer 412 can spontaneously generate adaptive deformation, which can offset at least part of the material tolerance and assembly tolerance and reduce the difference in the preload pressure P among multiple piezoelectric motors in the same batch, the consistency of the preload pressure P of each piezoelectric motor still needs to be improved.
  • the present application adjusts the pressure applied to the structural component 411 during the assembly process of the piezoelectric motor, so that the structural component 411 gradually approaches the movable carrier 20, and adjusts the degree of extrusion and deformation of the buffer component 412, thereby setting the pre-pressure P of the piezoelectric motor at a preset value in the initial state, and then fixes the structural component 411 on the fixed frame 10, and fixes the distance between the structural component 411 and the outer side surface of the fixed frame 10 to maintain the preset size of the pre-pressure P, so that the consistency of the pre-pressure P in multiple piezoelectric motors is significantly improved.
  • the preload P value generated by the preload assembly 41 may have reached a preset value. At this time, there is a gap between the side of the structural member 411 facing the buffer member 412 and the outer side surface of the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 411 is connected to the fixed frame 10 by an adhesive 61 .
  • the method of wrapping the adhesive 61 around the circumference of the structural member 411 is easy to operate and efficient, and is convenient for use in actual assembly. It should be understood that the adhesive 61 simultaneously covers the outer side of the fixed frame 10 and at least a portion of the circumference of the structural member 411.
  • the adhesive 61 when the adhesive 61 is coated on the periphery of the structural member 411, the adhesive 61 extends to the side of the structural member 411 that faces away from the fixed frame 10. In other words, part of the adhesive 61 is arranged in the installation direction of the actuating assembly 42, the buffer member 412, and the structural member 411. Such an arrangement enables the adhesive 61 to have a better fixing effect, and tightly presses the structural member 411 toward the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, thereby continuously and stably providing the pre-pressure P.
  • the size of the structural member 411 in a specific direction exceeds the size of the opening 111 on the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 411 is rectangular, and along its length direction, the middle of the structural member 411 is arranged opposite to the opening 111, and the two ends of the structural member 411 are opposite to the shell around the opening 111 on the fixed frame 10.
  • the adhesive 61 is coated on both ends of the structural member 411, so that the structural member 411 can be connected to the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 411 is set to other shapes.
  • the size of the structural member 411 may be larger than the size of the opening 111 in multiple directions, and multiple ends or the entire periphery of the structural member 411 are opposite to the shell around the opening 111.
  • the adhesive 61 is coated on at least two scattered points on the side of the structural member 411 to achieve the connection between the structural member 411 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the adhesive 61 is UV glue.
  • UV glue also known as ultraviolet glue, is a single-component UV visible light-cured modified acrylic structural adhesive.
  • UV glue is a type of adhesive that is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation.
  • UV glue can be first applied to the side of the structural member 411 facing the fixed frame 10 and the outer side of the fixed frame 10, and then the glue is cured by UV light, i.e., ultraviolet irradiation, to complete the fixation of the structural member 411. At this time, the distance between the structural member 411 and the fixed frame 10 is determined, and the pre-pressure P is at the initial preset value.
  • the UV glue can also be coated on the peripheral side of the structural member 411 so that the UV glue is in contact with the outer side of the fixed frame 10 at the same time.
  • the adhesive is UV thermosetting adhesive, which is a type of adhesive that can be cured by ultraviolet rays, heating, or baking.
  • the UV thermosetting adhesive can be first applied to the structural member 411 and the fixed frame 10 and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to preliminarily fix the structural member 411 on the fixed frame 10. After the spacing between the structural member 411 and the fixed frame 10 is determined, heating is performed to achieve complete curing of the UV thermosetting adhesive.
  • the structural member 411 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed frame 10 by welding, hot riveting, etc.
  • the buffer 412 can be implemented as a tape, and the two opposite surfaces of the buffer 412 are respectively bonded to the structural member 411 and the actuator assembly 42.
  • the tape connection has at least three advantages: first, it avoids the use of high elastic modulus glue, such as UV glue with an elastic modulus of at least 1GPa after curing, which will affect the deformation of the buffer 412 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422; second, it is easy to operate, and the actuator assembly 42 can be directly attached to the structural member 411 without the steps of coating glue and curing glue; third, the parallelism of the tape is relatively good, and two parallel opposite surfaces can be provided to bond the actuator assembly 42 and the structural member 411 respectively, which is conducive to improving the parallelism of the actuator assembly 42 relative to the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the size of the buffer 412 is larger than the size of the actuator assembly 42, specifically larger than the size of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in the actuator assembly 42, so that the buffer 412 can completely fill the space between the actuator assembly 42 and the structural member 411, which is beneficial to ensure the strength of the connection structure and the installation parallelism of the actuator assembly 42.
  • the present application briefly describes the working principle of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 .
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 58 indicates the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, that is, the up and down direction, the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is used as the front and back direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the width direction is used as the front and back direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 has a multi-layer stacked structure. Specifically, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is stacked in the order of ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer, electrode layer...ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer in the thickness direction. Each electrode layer is arranged between two adjacent ceramic layers, and the upper and lower halves of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 are polarized in opposite directions respectively.
  • the first side electrode 4221 and the second side electrode 4222 are arranged front to back oppositely and are both arranged on the left side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the third side electrode 4223 and the fourth side electrode 4224 are arranged front to back oppositely and are both arranged on the right side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the first side electrode 4221 and the second side electrode 4222 are located on the left and right sides of the front of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and are respectively suitable for connecting two electrodes with the same frequency but
  • the electrical signals with different phases, such as the X signal and the Y signal in FIG. 59 , the second side electrode 4222 and the fourth side electrode are located at the left and right sides behind the piezoelectric vibrator 422 and are grounded respectively.
  • the four side electrodes all extend in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and are electrically connected to the top electrode layer, several middle electrode layers, and the bottom electrode layer in sequence, so that an electric field is generated between adjacent electrode layers.
  • the ceramic layer undergoes elongation or contraction deformation under the action of the electric field. In FIG59, the contraction is indicated by arrows facing each other, and the elongation is indicated by arrows facing away from each other.
  • the electric field formed between each two adjacent electrode layers is superimposed in the upper and lower directions. As a result, the voltage required to drive the entire piezoelectric vibrator 422 to flexural vibration is reduced.
  • the number of electrode layers and the number of ceramic layers can be designed according to the specific driving force requirements and voltage requirements that can be provided.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is divided into an upper left segment, an upper right segment, a lower left segment, and a lower right segment, and when the side electrode is connected to the electrical signal, four time points from t1 to t4 are intercepted for observation.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 produces four deformation states as shown in Figure 59 at the four moments t1, t2, t3 and t4, respectively. At moment t1, the upper left segment and the upper right segment contract, the lower left segment and the lower right segment extend, the piezoelectric vibrator 422 bends upward, and the friction head 423 moves downward relatively.
  • the friction head 423 moves to the upper left.
  • the friction head 423 first moves upward and then moves to the lower right.
  • the friction head 423 moves downward to the same position as t1.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 switches between these four deformation states, so that the friction head 423 fixed to the upper surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 produces an elliptical motion as shown in the figure.
  • the friction head 423 is able to push the movable carrier 20 to move through high frequency.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 in order to improve the driving performance of the piezoelectric motor, can be made of piezoelectric ceramic material or piezoelectric single crystal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be a single-layer ceramic body or a single-layer single crystal, or a multi-layer ceramic body or a multi-layer single crystal, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics, barium titanate (BT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate (PMN-PT)-based piezoelectric single crystals, etc.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • KNN potassium sodium niobate
  • BT barium titanate
  • PMN-PT lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate
  • the friction head 423 is made of wear-resistant material, for example, it can be made of various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc., so as to improve the wear resistance of the friction head 423, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 423, that is, it is beneficial to increase the driving force, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the friction head 423.
  • various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc.
  • a wear-resistant portion 26 is provided on the movable carrier 20, and the friction head 423 abuts against the wear-resistant portion 26.
  • the wear-resistant portion 26 may be a wear-resistant coating, or a friction-resistant plate assembled on the movable carrier 20 by bonding, insert injection molding, or the like, or an uneven outer surface on the movable carrier 20, etc., which is a structure that can achieve friction resistance.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant portion 26 is beneficial to increasing the friction between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 423, that is, it is beneficial to increasing the driving force, and due to its wear resistance, it is beneficial to prolonging the service life.
  • the wear-resistant portion 26 when the wear-resistant portion 26 is set as a friction-resistant plate, it can be fixed on the movable carrier 20 by bonding, fastener connection, insert injection molding, etc. to form an integrated force-bearing structure with the movable carrier 20, and referring to the material of the friction head 423, the friction-resistant plate can be made of the same or different wear-resistant material as the friction head 423.
  • the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the specific shapes of the friction head 423 and the friction-resistant plate.
  • the shape of the friction head 423 can be a sphere, a hemisphere, a cuboid, a table, a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, etc.
  • the friction-resistant plate can be a sheet or a block.
  • the friction head 423 is in the shape of a cylinder, and the cylindrical friction head 423 is placed vertically as shown in FIG. 50, or is placed horizontally on the piezoelectric vibrator 422 as shown in FIG. 58 to provide line friction between the drive assembly 40 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 423 is in line contact with the wear-resistant portion 26 of the movable carrier 20, which has greater friction than the point contact method, and has better driving force and driving effect.
  • the number of friction heads 423 may be one or two or more.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is in the shape of a rectangular strip, and the friction head 423 is protrudingly arranged at the center position of the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable carrier 20, which can increase the unit driving stroke of the friction head 423.
  • the number of friction heads 423 is two, and the two friction heads 423 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422, and the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 is parallel to the movement direction of the movable carrier 20 driven by it. In the driving direction along the driving component, at least two friction heads 423 are provided on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 422 facing the movable carrier 20, thereby increasing the driving stroke.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be an integrated structure or a detachable structure.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 can be fixed to the piezoelectric vibrator 422 by bonding, snapping, nesting, welding or fastener connection.
  • the friction head 423 and the piezoelectric vibrator 422 are in surface contact to ensure the connection strength.
  • the friction head 423 can produce obvious movement with the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 422.
  • the present application can also provide a camera module, which includes: the above-mentioned piezoelectric motor, a lens assembly, and a photosensitive assembly, the lens assembly
  • the photosensitive component is arranged in the piezoelectric motor and is arranged relative to the lens component. Since the movable carrier equipped with the optical lens can be adjusted smoothly, it is beneficial to realize the focusing function and improve the imaging quality.
  • a driving device applied to a camera module in the prior art includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20, a driving component 30 and a supporting component 40.
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably arranged on the fixed frame 10.
  • the driving component 30 is connected to the fixed frame 10 and abuts against the movable carrier 20, and is suitable for driving the movable carrier 20 to move relative to the fixed frame 10 when receiving a driving signal.
  • the supporting component 40 is arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, so that there is a fixed gap between the opposite surfaces of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, which can reduce the friction force on the movable carrier 20 when it moves relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • a lens assembly is mounted on the movable carrier 20, and the lens assembly has an optical axis.
  • the movable carrier 20 moves in a direction parallel to the optical axis to achieve a focusing function.
  • the driving assembly 30 is specifically implemented as a piezoelectric driver.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes a pre-stressing assembly 31 and an actuating assembly 32.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 32 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 provides a pre-stressing force to the actuating assembly 32, so that the actuating assembly 32 abuts against one side of the movable carrier 20.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 31.
  • the friction head 323 is fixed on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 323 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 under the action of the pre-stressing force, that is, the friction head 323 and the pre-stressing assembly 31 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is a substrate that has an inverse piezoelectric effect and shrinks or expands according to the polarization direction and the electric field direction. It can be used by polarizing the substrate in the thickness direction of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics, polymers, etc.
  • the inverse piezoelectric effect refers to the application of an electric field in the polarization direction of the dielectric, and the dielectric undergoes mechanical deformation when a potential difference is generated.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 has the effect of ultrasonic oscillation, and can realize a deflection reciprocating motion or an elliptical motion on a specifically set electrode layer, thereby being able to drive the friction head 323 to perform a deflection reciprocating motion or an elliptical motion, and then through the friction between the friction head 323 and the outer wall of the movable carrier 20, the movable carrier 20 is driven to move relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • the driving force can actually be understood as the friction force applied by the friction head 323 to the movable carrier 20.
  • the support assemblies 40 are respectively arranged at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20. From a top view, the support assemblies 40 arranged at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20 and the actuating assembly 32 are arranged at three points on the side wall of the movable carrier 20.
  • the support assemblies 40 are balls or guide rods. It can be understood that when the support assemblies 40 are balls, generally a row of balls is respectively arranged at two diagonal positions of the movable carrier 20, and the two rows of balls provide a support plane for the movable carrier 20.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 causes the friction head 323 to move by deformation, and when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is deformed, the angle between the friction head 323 and the abutment surface of the movable carrier 20 changes accordingly, resulting in the pre-stress not always acting perpendicularly on the side wall of the movable carrier 20, but the direction of the pre-stress has a certain inclination relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located.
  • the pre-stress component 31 when the hardness of the pre-stress component 31 is relatively small, for example, when the pre-stress component 31 is a spring 310, the pre-stress component 31 may bend to a certain extent due to the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, resulting in the direction of the pre-stress relative to the angle of the abutment surface. That is to say, under certain circumstances, the direction of the pre-stress is inclined relative to the plane where the side wall of the movable carrier 20 is located. In this case, when the actuating component 32 drives the movable carrier 20 to move, it is easy to cause the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the pre-stressing component 31 when the pre-stressing component 31 is set as a spring sheet 310, the spring sheet 310 is located on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable carrier 20, the end of the spring sheet 310 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 10, and the middle part of the spring sheet 310 is against the outer side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and the pre-stressing force is provided by the elastic force of the spring sheet 310.
  • the spring sheet 310 Since the spring sheet 310 has a small rigidity and is easy to deform, the spring sheet 310 will bend after providing the pre-stressing force, and the middle part of the spring sheet 310 will have an inclination angle, which will cause the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to have an inclination angle other than the preset angle relative to the movable carrier 20.
  • the spring sheet 310 is arranged parallel to the abutting surface of the movable carrier 20 to provide a pre-stressing force perpendicular to the abutting surface of the movable carrier 20, but in actual use, the spring sheet 310 bends so that the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is tilted relative to the movable carrier 20, and the pre-stressing force acts on the movable carrier 20, causing the movable carrier 20 to tilt.
  • the distance from the center position of the frictional contact between the actuating assembly 32 and the movable carrier 20 to the connecting line of the support assembly 40 arranged at the two diagonal positions is the lever arm x, and the magnitude of the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20 at the diagonal position is positively correlated with the magnitude of the lever arm x.
  • the three-point arrangement makes the lever arm x and the overturning moment M larger.
  • the two diagonal support assemblies 40 may generate uncertain friction, causing the moving stroke and moving speed of the movable carrier 20 to fail to meet the standard, and the diagonal support assembly 40 may squeeze the driving assembly 30, causing the friction of the support assembly 40 to increase.
  • the support assembly 40 when the support assembly 40 is implemented as a ball, the ball is in point contact with the side walls of the fixed frame 10 and the side walls of the movable carrier 20 on both sides.
  • the movable carrier 20 tilts, at least one of the balls in the support assembly 40 on each side will not be able to abut against the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 at the same time, which may easily cause the movable carrier 20 and the ball to get stuck, or the movable carrier 20 and the ball to fall off.
  • the movable carrier 20 cannot continue to move, affecting the focusing effect.
  • the support assembly 40 when the support assembly 40 is implemented as a guide rod, the situation will be better than that of a ball bearing, but the tilt of the movable carrier 20 will also affect the optical focusing effect.
  • the present application first improves the support structure between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 , that is, the structure related to the support assembly 40 .
  • the present application provides a driving device, which is applied to a camera module, as shown in Figures 63-74, which includes a fixed frame 10, a movable carrier 20, a driving component 30 and a supporting component 40.
  • the movable carrier 20 is movably arranged on the fixed frame 10.
  • the driving component 30 is connected to the fixed frame 10 and abuts against the movable carrier 20, applies a pre-pressure to the movable carrier 20, and is suitable for driving the movable carrier 20 to move relative to the fixed frame 10 when receiving a driving signal.
  • the supporting component 40 includes a first supporting member 41 and a second supporting member 42. The first supporting member 41 abuts against the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 respectively, and there is a certain gap between the second supporting member 42 and the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20.
  • the first support member 41 under the action of pre-pressure, the first support member 41 abuts against the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 at the same time, the first support member 41 is tightly assembled, and there is a certain gap between the second support member 42 and the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20.
  • the existence of this gap can provide a certain margin for the adjustment of the movable carrier 20, that is, the second support member 42 is loosely assembled.
  • the supporting principle of the support assembly 40 is: when the movable carrier 20 is driven by the driving assembly 30, the first support member 41 always provides support for the movable carrier 20 to ensure the parallelism of the movement of the movable carrier 20.
  • the gap at the second support member 42 can provide a certain margin space for the position adjustment of the movable carrier 20, and when the movable carrier 20 is tilted to a certain degree, the two sides of the second support member 42 respectively abut against the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, which can correct the movable carrier 20 and avoid the tilt of the movable carrier 20, thereby avoiding affecting the movement of the movable carrier 20.
  • the second support member 42 there is a certain gap between the second support member 42 and the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20, including: the second support member 42 abuts the fixed frame 10 and there is a gap between it and the movable carrier 20; the second support member 42 abuts the movable carrier 20 and there is a gap between it and the fixed frame 10; there are gaps between the second support member 42 and the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the second support member 42 can provide a gap for the movable carrier 20 to adjust, it will be sufficient.
  • a lens assembly is mounted on the movable carrier 20, and the lens assembly has an optical axis.
  • the movable carrier 20 moves in a direction parallel to the optical axis to achieve a focusing function.
  • the fixed frame 10 is movably arranged on other frames to realize the anti-shake function
  • the anti-shake structure can be specifically implemented as a piezoelectric motor, a voice coil motor or a memory alloy motor, etc.
  • the structure of the piezoelectric motor can be optimized with reference to the improved scheme of the driving device of the present application.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes a pre-pressing assembly 31 and an actuating assembly 32.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 32 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 provides a pre-pressure to the actuating assembly 32, so that the actuating assembly 32 abuts against one side of the movable carrier 20.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is connected to the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the friction head 323 is fixed to the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 323 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 under the action of the pre-pressure to drive the movable carrier 20 to move relative to the fixed frame 10.
  • the actuator assembly 32 further includes a piezoelectric circuit board, which is specifically a flexible printed circuit board 321, referred to as FPC, and the piezoelectric circuit board is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to provide power and drive signals for the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the piezoelectric circuit board can be arranged on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 that faces away from the movable carrier 20.
  • the pre-pressing assembly 31 is disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing away from the movable carrier 20, so as to provide a pre-pressing force to the friction head 323 disposed on a side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20 to press the movable carrier 20.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric circuit board
  • the piezoelectric circuit board can be disposed between the piezoelectric vibrator 322 and the pre-pressing assembly 31.
  • the first support member 41 is specifically implemented as a row of balls. Under the action of the pre-pressing assembly 31, a plurality of balls are clamped between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20. There is point contact between the balls and the movable carrier 20. The plurality of balls provide supporting force for the movable carrier 20, so that the movable carrier 20 is supported parallelly and stably on the fixed frame 10.
  • the ball when the movable carrier 20 has a certain inclination angle relative to the fixed frame 10, there is a risk of the ball being stuck, and when sliding friction occurs between the ball and the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, the ball may be in a rolling state or a sliding state.
  • the movement state of the ball is uncertain, and the ball can switch the movement state at will, which increases the risk of getting stuck.
  • the ball may fall off, rub against or collide with the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10 to produce debris, and the debris may cause the ball to get stuck.
  • the support component 40 when the support component 40 is set as a ball, there is a defect of uncertain friction and easy jamming, which will affect the focusing effect.
  • the first support member 41 is specifically implemented as a guide rod.
  • the second support member 42 may have the same or different structures as the first support member 41.
  • the second support member 42 is a ball, and in another optional embodiment, the second support member 42 is a guide rod.
  • the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are both guide rods, which are parallel to each other and extend along the optical axis direction to ensure the consistency between the first support member 41 and the second support member 42.
  • the guide rods are in line contact with the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the driving assembly 30 drives the movable carrier 20 to move along the optical axis relative to the fixed frame 10
  • the guide rods can always support the movable carrier 20.
  • the movable carrier 20 is not easy to have an inclination angle under the support of the guide rods, and the movable carrier 20 is not easy to get stuck with the guide rods, which can reduce the risk of tilting the movable carrier 20, thereby avoiding affecting the optical focus function.
  • a limiting structure for the support assembly 40 is provided on the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20 to prevent the support assembly 40 from falling off from between two opposing abutting surfaces of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20 .
  • the present application does not limit the support assembly 40 to be specifically a ball, guide rod or other structure, as long as it can support the movable carrier 20.
  • the support assembly 40 can also be implemented as a slider fixed on the movable carrier 20 or the fixed frame 10.
  • the present application also improves the positions of the drive assembly 30 and the support assembly 40 from the perspective of reducing the overturning moment M, and arranges the support assembly 40 and the drive assembly 30 on the same side of the drive device to further reduce the probability of the movable carrier 20 tilting.
  • the support component 40 is arranged between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, so that there is a fixed gap between the opposite surfaces of the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the support component 40 can change the contact mode between the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20, such as point contact and line contact.
  • the friction contact area is reduced, thereby reducing the friction force on the movable carrier 20 when it moves relative to the fixed frame 10, and the movable carrier 20 is easier to drive.
  • the support assembly 40 and the driving assembly 30 are arranged on the same side of the driving device, including two implementations: one is that the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are located on the same side of the driving assembly 30, and the other is that the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are located on both sides of the driving assembly 30. Both implementations can achieve the purpose of reducing the distance from the friction head 323 of the driving assembly 30 to the connecting line of the first support member 41 and the second support member 42, that is, reducing the overturning arm x of the movable carrier 20.
  • the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are located on the same side of the drive assembly 30. Furthermore, the first support member 41 is closer to the drive assembly 30 than the second support member 42. In combination with the first support member 41 being tightly assembled and the second support member 42 being loosely assembled, when the movable carrier 20 is not tilted, the distance from the friction head 323 of the drive assembly 30 to the first support member 41 is the lever arm x of the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20. The closer the first support member 41 is to the drive assembly 30, the smaller the lever arm x is, and the smaller the overturning moment M is.
  • the first support member 41, the second support member 42, and the drive assembly 30 are arranged along a straight line.
  • the center of the friction head 323, the center of the first support member 41, and the center of the second support member 42 are located on a straight line.
  • the distance from the friction head 323 of the drive assembly 30 to the connecting line of the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 is the distance from the friction head 323 to the first support member 41.
  • the distance from the friction head 323 to the first support member 41 is the lever arm x corresponding to the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20.
  • the magnitude of the overturning moment M acting on the movable carrier 20 is positively correlated with the value of the lever arm x.
  • the present application reduces the value of x, thereby reducing the value of the overturning moment M, thereby solving the problem of the movable carrier 20 tilting or even getting stuck.
  • the first support member 41, the second support member 42, and the drive assembly 30 may not be arranged along a straight line.
  • the center of the friction head 323, the center of the first support member 41, and the center of the second support member 42 may also be misaligned.
  • the drive assembly 30, the first support member 41, and the second support member 42 are arranged adjacent to each other, the distance from the friction head 323 to the connecting line of the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 can be reduced.
  • Reducing the distance from the friction head 323 to the connecting line of the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 is equivalent to reducing the value of the lever arm x and the overturning moment M, which can reduce the risk of the movable carrier 20 tilting relative to the fixed frame 10, avoid the movable carrier 20 and the support assembly 40 from getting stuck, so that the movable carrier 20 equipped with the lens assembly can be adjusted smoothly, which is conducive to improving the imaging quality of the corresponding camera module.
  • the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are located on both sides of the driving assembly 30 .
  • the movable carrier 20 includes a first outer protrusion 21, the fixed frame 10 includes a first inner protrusion 11, the first outer protrusion 21 and the first inner protrusion 11 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first support member 41 is arranged between the first outer protrusion 21 and the first inner protrusion 11.
  • the arrangement of the first outer protrusion 21 and the first inner protrusion 11 can provide an assembly space for the first support member 41.
  • a first outer recess 12 corresponding to the first outer protrusion 21 is provided on the fixed frame 10
  • a first inner recess 22 corresponding to the first inner protrusion 11 is provided on the movable carrier 20.
  • the first outer protrusion 21 is suitable for being inserted into the first outer recess 12
  • the first inner protrusion 11 is suitable for being inserted into the first inner recess 22.
  • the first outer convex portion 21 is provided with a first guide portion 211
  • the first inner convex portion 11 is provided with a second guide portion 112
  • the two sides of the first support member 41 are respectively in contact with the first guide portion 211 and the second guide portion 112
  • the first guide portion 211, the second guide portion 112 and the first support member 41 cooperate to guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the first direction, and it can be understood that the first direction here is the direction parallel to the optical axis.
  • the first support member 41 can not only support the movable carrier 20, but also guide the movable carrier 20 to move along the direction parallel to the optical axis, and play a positioning role for the movable carrier 20.
  • first guide portion 211 and the second guide portion 112 are both implemented as guide grooves extending in a direction parallel to the optical axis, the notches of the two guide grooves are arranged oppositely, and the support assembly 40 is extended in a direction parallel to the central axis O, and is clamped and limited by the guide grooves on both sides.
  • the support assembly 40 is continuously clamped in the guide grooves on both sides.
  • the first support member 41 can only move relative to the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20 in a direction parallel to the optical axis, guiding the movable carrier 20 to move in a direction parallel to the optical axis, thereby reducing the possibility of the movable carrier 20 tilting.
  • the first support member 41 is a cylindrical guide rod
  • the first guide portion 211 and the second guide portion 112 are V-shaped grooves, and the two V-shaped grooves clamp the guide rod.
  • the structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the first guide portion 211 and the second guide portion 112 can also be set as other structures such as U-shaped grooves, and the present application does not limit this.
  • the movable carrier 20 further includes a second outer protrusion 23, the fixed frame 10 further includes a second inner protrusion 13, the second outer protrusion 23 is arranged opposite to the second inner protrusion 13, and the second support member 42 is arranged between the second outer protrusion 23 and the second inner protrusion 13.
  • the arrangement of the second inner protrusion 13 and the second outer protrusion 23 can provide an assembly space for the second support member 42.
  • a second outer recess 14 corresponding to the second outer protrusion 23 is provided on the fixed frame 10
  • a second inner recess 24 corresponding to the second inner protrusion 13 is provided on the movable carrier 20.
  • the second outer protrusion 23 is suitable for being inserted into the second outer recess 14, and the second inner protrusion 13 is suitable for being inserted into the second inner recess 24.
  • the second outer protrusion 23 is provided with a third guide portion 233
  • the second inner protrusion 13 is provided with a fourth guide portion 134
  • the second support member 42 is arranged between the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134.
  • a gap is left between the second support member 42 and the third guide portion 233 and/or the fourth guide portion 134 to form a loose assembly.
  • the third guide portion 233, the fourth guide portion 134 and the second support member 42 cooperate to provide adjustment space for the movable carrier 20.
  • the second support member 42 abuts against the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134 respectively, preventing the movable carrier 20 from further tilting, and correcting the angle of the movable carrier 20.
  • the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134 are both implemented as guide grooves extending in a direction parallel to the optical axis, the notches of the two guide grooves are arranged oppositely, and the support assembly 40 is extended in a direction parallel to the central axis O and is arranged between the guide grooves on both sides.
  • the second support member 42 abuts against the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134.
  • the second support member 42 can only move relative to the fixed frame 10 and/or the movable carrier 20 in a direction parallel to the optical axis, thereby guiding the movable carrier 20 to move in a direction parallel to the optical axis, playing a role in correcting the movable carrier 20, and reducing the possibility of the movable carrier 20 tilting.
  • the second support member 42 is a cylindrical guide rod
  • the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134 are V-shaped grooves.
  • the structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the third guide portion 233 and the fourth guide portion 134 can also be set as other structures such as U-shaped grooves, and the present application does not limit this.
  • the driving assembly 30 is arranged between the first outer protrusion 21 and the fixed frame 10, specifically, on the side of the first outer protrusion 21 facing away from the first support member 41, so as to further shorten the distance between the driving assembly 30 and the connecting line between the first support member 41 and the second support member 42, that is, to reduce the lever arm x and thereby reduce the overturning moment M of the movable carrier 20.
  • the first support member 41 and the driving assembly 30 are arranged on two opposite sides of the first outer protrusion 21, and in the pre-pressure direction, the center of the driving assembly 30, the center of the first support member 41, and the center of the second support member 42 are in a straight line.
  • the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 are both guide rods, and the guide rods are arranged along the first direction, and along the first direction, at least two protrusions 201 suitable for contacting the guide rods are arranged at intervals on the movable carrier 20.
  • the movable carrier 20 contacts the guide rods through the protrusions 201, and a relative depression is formed between two adjacent protrusions 201, and the depression does not contact the guide rod, which can reduce the friction contact area between the movable carrier 20 and the guide rod, and reduce the friction resistance encountered by the movable carrier 20 when moving, and the protrusions 201 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the guide rod, so as to support the guide rod at at least two points or two areas in the length direction of the guide rod, so that the guide rod can be supported stably.
  • both the first outer convex portion 21 and the second outer convex portion 23 are provided with protrusions 201 to reduce the friction force applied by the first support member 41 and the second support member 42 to the movable carrier 20, so that the movable carrier 20 is easier to be driven.
  • the protrusion heights of the protrusions 201 are consistent to keep the length direction of the guide rod parallel to the optical axis.
  • the movable carrier 20 is provided with two protrusions 201, and the two protrusions 201 are located at both ends of the movable carrier 20, and the middle part of the movable carrier 20 is relatively recessed to be separated from the middle part of the support assembly 40.
  • the purpose of reducing the friction contact area and stably supporting the guide rod is achieved with a minimum number of protrusions 201, and the structure is relatively simple and easy to process.
  • the protrusion 201 is arranged on the first outer protrusion 21 and/or the second outer protrusion 23.
  • the protrusion 201 is not inconsistent with the first guide portion 211 and the third guide portion 233.
  • the first guide portion 211 and the third guide portion 233 are both V-shaped grooves, and the V-shaped grooves are in contact with the guide rods by two side walls.
  • the middle parts of the two side walls of the V-shaped grooves are recessed downward to avoid contact with the guide rods.
  • the upper and lower ends of the two side walls of the V-shaped grooves are respectively protruded in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, forming the so-called protrusion 201.
  • the present application further improves the structure of the driving assembly 30 to reduce the probability of the movable carrier 20 tilting.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes a pre-stressing assembly 31 and an actuating assembly 32.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 is connected to the fixed frame 10, and the actuating assembly 32 is connected to the pre-stressing assembly 31.
  • the pre-stressing assembly 31 provides a pre-stress to the actuating assembly 32, so that the driving end of the actuating assembly 32 abuts against the movable carrier 20 and applies the pre-stress to the movable carrier 20, so that the actuating assembly 32 is suitable for driving the movable carrier 20 to move relative to the fixed frame 10 when receiving a driving signal.
  • the actuating assembly 32 includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is connected to the pre-pressure assembly 31.
  • the friction head 323 is fixed on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 323 abuts against the side wall of the movable carrier 20 under the action of the pre-pressure, and serves as the driving end of the actuating assembly 32 to drive the movable carrier 20 to move.
  • the actuating assembly 32 further includes a flexible circuit board 321 , and the flexible circuit board 321 is disposed between the pre-pressing assembly 31 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 .
  • the pre-pressing component 31 is an elastic structure, such as a spring sheet 310.
  • the spring sheet 310 can be bonded to the actuating component 32 by glue.
  • the pre-pressure assembly 31 includes a structural member 311 and a buffer member 312, the structural member 311 is connected to the fixed frame 10, the buffer member 312 is arranged between the structural member 311 and the actuating assembly 32, and is suitable for being deformed by the extrusion of the structural member 311 and the actuating assembly 32.
  • the actuating assembly 32 is attached to the structural member 311 through the buffer member 312.
  • the pre-pressing component 31 will deform and bend, causing the actuating component 32 to tilt relative to the movable carrier 20.
  • the pre-pressing tilting effect on the movable carrier 20 causes the movable carrier 20 to tilt, and also causes the actuating component 32 to drive the movable carrier 20 to move in two opposite directions relative to the fixed frame 10 at inconsistent speeds, affecting the driving effect of the driving device.
  • the present application improves the structure of the pre-pressing component 31, and the structural member 311 will not be significantly deformed under the action of the pre-pressing pressure, which can prevent the actuating component 32 from tilting relative to the movable carrier 20, thereby improving the driving effect of the driving device. The effect is improved, thereby improving the shooting effect of the camera module.
  • the buffer 312 Since the buffer 312 can be deformed, the buffer 312 is set between the structural member 311 and the actuator assembly 32.
  • the deformation of the buffer 312 can offset at least part of the change in the pre-pressure caused by the material tolerance and assembly tolerance, thereby improving the consistency of the pre-pressure in multiple drive devices of the same batch.
  • it also solves the problem that the piezoelectric vibrator 322 in the actuator assembly 32 and the shrapnel 310 form a rigid whole due to the large elastic modulus of adhesives such as UV glue or thermosetting glue after curing, which affects the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 and thus affects the driving effect.
  • the buffer 312 of the present application can absorb part of the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, which is conducive to maintaining the setting angle of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 relative to the movable carrier 20, so that the actual motion state of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is close to the design value, and the external environment, such as the deformation of the pre-pressure assembly 31, is reduced. The influence of the movement of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the movable carrier 20 is arranged in the fixed frame 10, and the fixed frame 10 is provided with an opening 15 that penetrates both sides of the fixed frame 10.
  • the structural member 311 is arranged outside the fixed frame 10, and the size of the structural member 311 in at least one direction is larger than the size of the opening 15, so that the structural member 311 can be fixed outside the fixed frame 10, and the buffer member 312 and the actuating assembly 32 pass through the opening 15, so that the actuating assembly 32 can abut against the movable carrier 20.
  • the length and width of the opening 15 are greater than or equal to the length and width of the actuating assembly 32 and the buffer member 312, so that the actuating assembly 32 and the buffer member 312 can pass through the opening 15 so that the actuating assembly 32 can abut against the movable carrier 20.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is accommodated in the opening 15, reducing the size increase caused by the external placement of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and reducing the size of the driving device.
  • the size of the components such as the buffer 312, the piezoelectric vibrator 322 in the driving component 30, and the opening 15 on the fixed frame 10 refers to the size of the projection of each component on the structural component 311 along the installation direction between the actuator component 32, the buffer 312, and the structural component 311.
  • the structural member 311 can be fixed on the outer surface of the fixed frame 10 by welding, hot riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the buffer member 312 is in the form of a thin sheet, which is used to be parallel to the two side surfaces to which the actuating assembly 32 and the structural member 311 are attached, that is, the outer side surface of the buffer member 312 is arranged in parallel with the inner side surface, and the side of the structural member 311 facing the buffer member 312 is a plane, which is connected to the outer side surface of the fixed frame 10 and the actuating assembly 32, so that the actuating assembly 32 can be kept parallel to the structural member 311, maintaining the parallelism of the actuating assembly 32 relative to the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10, so that the actuating assembly 32 is arranged in parallel between the movable carrier 20 and the fixed frame 10.
  • the buffer 312 can be implemented as a tape, and the two opposite surfaces of the buffer 312 are respectively bonded to the structural member 311 and the actuating assembly 32.
  • the tape connection has at least three advantages: first, it avoids the use of high elastic modulus glue, such as UV glue with an elastic modulus of at least 1GPa after curing, which will affect the deformation of the buffer 312 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322; second, it is easy to operate, and the actuating assembly 32 can be directly attached to the structural member 311 without the steps of coating glue and curing glue; third, the parallelism of the tape is relatively good, and two parallel opposite surfaces can be provided to bond the actuating assembly 32 and the structural member 311 respectively, which is conducive to improving the parallelism of the actuating assembly 32 relative to the fixed frame 10 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is taken as the up-down direction
  • the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is taken as the left-right direction
  • the width direction is taken as the front-back direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 .
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 has a multi-layer stacked structure. Specifically, the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is stacked in the order of ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer, electrode layer...ceramic layer, electrode layer, ceramic layer in the thickness direction. Each electrode layer is arranged between two adjacent ceramic layers, and the upper and lower halves of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 are polarized in opposite directions respectively.
  • the first side electrode 3221 and the second side electrode 3222 are arranged opposite to each other front and back, and are both arranged on the left side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the third side electrode 3223 and the fourth side electrode 3224 are arranged opposite to each other front and back, and are both arranged on the right side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the first side electrode 3221 and the second side electrode 3222 are located on the left and right sides of the front of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and are respectively suitable for receiving two electrical signals with the same frequency but different phases, such as the X signal and the Y signal in FIG. 73.
  • the second side electrode 3222 and the fourth side electrode 3224 are located on the left and right sides of the back of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and are respectively grounded.
  • the four side electrodes all extend in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and are electrically connected to the top electrode layer, several middle electrode layers, and the bottom electrode layer in sequence, so that an electric field is generated between adjacent electrode layers.
  • the ceramic layer undergoes elongation or contraction deformation under the action of the electric field. In FIG73, the contraction is indicated by arrows facing each other, and the elongation is indicated by arrows facing away from each other.
  • the electric field formed between each two adjacent electrode layers is superimposed in the upper and lower directions. As a result, the voltage required to drive the entire piezoelectric vibrator 322 to flexural vibration is reduced.
  • the number of electrode layers and the number of ceramic layers can be designed according to the specific driving force requirements and voltage requirements that can be provided.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is divided into an upper left segment, an upper right segment, a lower left segment, and a lower right segment, and when the side electrode is connected to an electrical signal, four time points from t1 to t4 are intercepted for observation.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 produces four deformation states as shown in Figure 73 at the four moments t1, t2, t3 and t4, respectively.
  • time t1 the upper left section and the upper right section contract, the lower left section and the lower right section extend, the piezoelectric vibrator 322 bends upward, and the friction head 323 moves downward relatively.
  • the friction head 323 moves to the upper left.
  • the friction head 323 first moves upward and then moves to the lower right.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 switches between these four deformation states, so that the friction head 323 fixed to the upper surface of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 produces an elliptical motion as shown in the figure.
  • the friction head 323 is able to push the movable carrier 20 to move through high frequency.
  • the present application can also provide an actuator component 32 of another structure, as shown in Figure 74, which includes a piezoelectric vibrator 322 and a friction head 323.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 includes a first end face 3241 and a second end face 3242 opposite to each other.
  • the first end face 3241 includes at least two electrode areas, at least one of the at least two electrode areas is used to be applied with an AC excitation electrical signal to cause the piezoelectric vibrator 322 to generate a bending-cutting characteristic mode, and the second end face 3242 is used to be fixed to the surface to be installed, that is, the pre-stressing component 31.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is polarized along the direction from the first end face 3241 to the second end face 3242.
  • the friction head 323 is arranged on the first end face 3241 and connected to at least two electrode areas.
  • the friction head 323 serves as the driving end of the actuator component 32 and is used to frictionally contact with the movable carrier 20 to drive the movable carrier 20 to move when the piezoelectric vibrator 322 generates a bending-cutting characteristic mode.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be made of piezoelectric ceramic material or piezoelectric single crystal material.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be a single-layer ceramic body or a single-layer single crystal, or a multi-layer ceramic body or a multi-layer single crystal, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics, barium titanate (BT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate (PMN-PT)-based piezoelectric single crystals, etc.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • KNN potassium sodium niobate
  • BT barium titanate
  • PMN-PT lead magnesium niobate-lead indium niobate
  • the friction head 323 is made of wear-resistant material, for example, it can be made of various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc., so as to improve the wear resistance of the friction head 323, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increase the driving force, and due to the wear resistance, it is beneficial to extend the service life of the friction head 323.
  • various high-hardness wear-resistant ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide ceramics, or high-wear-resistant metal materials, carbon fiber materials, or composite materials of ceramics, metal particles and polymers, etc.
  • a wear-resistant portion 26 is provided on the movable carrier 20, and the friction head 323 abuts against the wear-resistant portion 26.
  • the wear-resistant portion 26 can be a wear-resistant coating, or a friction-resistant plate assembled on the movable carrier 20 by bonding, insert injection molding, etc., or an uneven outer surface of the movable carrier 20, etc., which can achieve a friction-resistant structure.
  • the provision of the wear-resistant portion 26 is beneficial to increasing the friction between the movable carrier 20 and the friction head 323, that is, it is beneficial to increasing the driving force, and due to its wear resistance, it is beneficial to prolonging the service life.
  • the wear-resistant portion 26 when the wear-resistant portion 26 is set as a friction-resistant plate, it can be fixed on the movable carrier 20 by bonding, fastener connection, insert injection molding, etc. to form an integrated force-bearing structure with the movable carrier 20, and referring to the material of the friction head 323, the friction-resistant plate can be made of the same or different wear-resistant material as the friction head 323.
  • the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on the specific shapes of the friction head 323 and the friction-resistant plate.
  • the shape of the friction head 323 can be a sphere, a hemisphere, a cuboid, a table, a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, etc.
  • the friction-resistant plate can be in the form of a sheet or a block.
  • the friction head 323 is in the shape of a cylinder, and the cylindrical friction head 323 is placed vertically, or horizontally placed on the piezoelectric vibrator 322 as shown in FIG. 72, to provide line friction between the drive assembly 30 and the movable carrier 20.
  • the friction head 323 is in line contact with the wear-resistant portion 26 of the movable carrier 20, which has greater friction than the point contact method, and has better driving force and driving effect.
  • the number of friction heads 323 may be one or two or more.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is in the shape of a rectangular strip, and the friction head 323 is protrudingly arranged at the center position of the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20, which can increase the unit driving stroke of the friction head 323.
  • the number of friction heads 323 is two, and the two friction heads 323 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322, and the length direction of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 is parallel to the movement direction of the movable carrier 20 driven by it.
  • at least two friction heads 323 are provided on the side of the piezoelectric vibrator 322 facing the movable carrier 20, thereby increasing the driving stroke.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be an integrated structure or a detachable structure.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 can be fixed to the piezoelectric vibrator 322 by bonding, snapping, nesting, welding or fastener connection.
  • the friction head 323 and the piezoelectric vibrator 322 are in surface contact to ensure the connection strength.
  • the friction head 323 can produce obvious movement with the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator 322.
  • the present application can also provide a camera module, which includes: the above-mentioned driving device, a lens assembly, and a photosensitive assembly, wherein the lens assembly is arranged in the driving device, and the photosensitive assembly is arranged relative to the lens assembly. Since the movable carrier 20 equipped with the optical lens can be adjusted smoothly, it is conducive to realizing the focusing function and improving the imaging quality.

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Abstract

本申请公开了摄像模组及其驱动机构,属于电子技术领域,其中,驱动机构包括:固定件、活动件、驱动组件、导向组件和磁吸组件,固定件包括支撑面,活动件与固定件活动连接并包括接触面,驱动组件设置在固定件与活动件之间并提供一预压力,导向组件位于支撑面和接触面之间,以使得固定件和活动件之间保持一固定间隙,磁吸组件包括至少一组第一磁吸件和第二磁吸件,分别设置在固定件和活动件上,两者配合产生平行于预压力的磁吸力,将接触面吸附向支撑面。摄像模组应用上述的驱动机构,能够避免活动件相对固定件倾斜,从而防止活动件相对固定件卡死,活动件能够顺畅地调节,利于提高成像质量。

Description

摄像模组及应用于摄像模组的驱动机构 技术领域
本申请涉及电子技术领域,具体涉及摄像模组及应用于摄像模组的驱动机构。
背景技术
目前,电子设备通常设有摄像模组,随着生活水平的提高,人们越来越重视摄像防抖的表现,以期获得成像质量更高的相片。随着用户对摄像需求的增加,被应用于手机、平板等终端设备的摄像模组的功能多样性和性能需求也随之增加。为实现摄像模组例如对焦、防抖等多种功能,摄像模组中通常设置一马达以驱动整个光学镜头或者光学镜头的部分移动以实现上述中功能中的至少一种。
然而随着对性能需求的提升,光学镜头或感光器件的尺寸也随之增大,因此,对马达性能需求也随之提升。而压电马达是一种响应快、驱动力大、驱动精度高的马达,采用压电马达可以显著地提升摄像模组的性能,现有技术中将光学镜头设置于一活动载体上,将活动载体活动设置于一固定框架上,并在两者之间安装压电马达,压电马达一方面向活动载体提供预压力以便抵接于活动载体,另一方面能够通过摩擦力驱动活动载体相对固定框架位移,从而实现镜头调整功能。但正由于该预压力的存在,使得活动载体可能相对固定框架发生倾斜,从而导致活动载体卡在某个位置,失去镜头调节功能,导致摄像模组的成像质量降低。
随着用户对防抖拍摄需求的增加,在图像拍摄中,用户越来越看重摄像防抖的表现。用户期望具备高像素,小尺寸且兼具防抖能力的摄像模组。但一般来说,摄像模组像素伴随像面增大而增多,同时光学元件的机构总高(total track length,TTL)随着像面增加也会越大。光学元件或感光器件尺寸也会增大,与之配套的马达的行程和驱动力要求也随之增加,马达尺寸增加导致摄像模组尺寸也增大。
而压电马达是一种响应快、驱动力大、驱动精度高的马达,采用压电马达可以显著地提升摄像模组的性能,本申请提供一种新的压电马达方案,以用于提升拍摄效果。
发明内容
本申请的一个目的在于提供一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,能够避免活动件相对固定件倾斜,从而实现防止活动件相对固定件卡死。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种摄像模组,由于搭载有光学镜头的活动件能够顺畅地调节,利于提高成像质量。
本申请的一个目的在于提供一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,能够避免活动载体相对固定框架倾斜,从而实现防止活动载体相对固定框架卡死。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种摄像模组,由于搭载有光学镜头的活动载体能够顺畅地调节,利于提高成像质量。
本申请的一个目的在于提供一种压电马达,通过改进预压组件实现防止致动组件相对活动件倾斜,提升压电马达驱动效果的目的。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种摄像模组,实现提升拍摄效果的目的。
本申请的再一个目的在于提供一种压电马达组装工艺,实现同一批次多个压电马达中预压组件提供的预压力的一致性提高。
本申请的一个目的在于提供一种压电马达,实现降低活动载体相对固定框架倾斜的风险、避免支撑组件卡死。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种摄像模组,实现搭载有光学镜头的活动载体调节顺畅、拍照效果提升。
本申请的一个目的在于提供一种应用于摄像模组的驱动装置,实现降低活动载体相对固定框架倾斜的风险,避免活动载体及支撑组件卡死。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种摄像模组,由于搭载有镜头组件的活动载体能够顺畅地调节,利于提高成像质量。
为达到本申请的目的之一,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,其包括:
固定件,所述固定件包括支撑面;
活动件,所述活动件被可活动地设置于所述固定件,所述活动件包括与所述支撑面相对设置的接触面;
导向组件,所述导向组件位于所述支撑面和所述接触面之间,以使得所述固定件和所述活动件之间保持一固定间隙;
驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定件连接,同时抵接于所述活动件并提供一预压力;
磁吸组件,所述磁吸组件包括至少一组第一磁吸件和第二磁吸件,所述第一磁吸件被设置于所述固定件和所述活动件二者中的一个,所述第二磁吸件被设置于所述固定件和活动件二者中的另一个,所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互作用以将所述活动件的接触面吸附向所述固定件的支撑面,所述磁吸组件产生的磁吸力方向与所述驱动组件的预压力方向相互平行。
作为一种优选,所述导向组件与所述驱动组件设置在所述活动件的同一侧。
作为一种优选,所述导向组件包括第一导向件和第二导向件,所述第一导向件、所述第二导向件均与所述驱动组件相邻设置。
作为一种优选,所述导向组件、所述驱动组件及所述磁吸组件均设置在所述活动件的同一侧。
作为一种优选,所述磁吸组件包括相对所述驱动组件设置的第一组磁吸组件和第二组磁吸组件,所述第一组磁吸组件和所述第二组磁吸组件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,沿平行于所述预压力方向,所述第一组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置在所述第一导向件的两侧,所述第二组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置在所述第二导向件的两侧,所述第一组磁吸组件的所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互吸引,所述第二组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件和所述第二磁吸件相互吸引。
作为一种优选,所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定件连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述活动件的一侧并将所述预压力作用于所述活动件,所述预压力与所述磁吸力同向,所述致动组件接收一驱动信号时,所述摩擦头对所述活动件提供驱动力以驱动所述活动件运动。
作为一种优选,以经过所述预压组件的中心线并沿所述预压力方向延伸的一平面为参考平面,所述第一组磁吸组件与所述第二组磁吸组件关于所述参考平面对称设置。
作为一种优选,所述预压组件包括结构件和缓冲件,所述结构件的弹性模量大于所述缓冲件的弹性模量,所述固定件上设有一从固定件的外侧壁向其内侧壁贯穿的开口,所述结构件与所述固定件的外侧壁连接,所述缓冲件一面与所述结构件贴附连接,另一面与所述致动组件贴附连接,所述缓冲件及其上的所述致动组件穿过所述开口抵接在所述活动件上。
作为一种优选,沿所述活动件的运动方向,所述第一磁吸件的长度为L,所述第二磁吸件的长度为Y,所述活动件在所述驱动组件的驱动下的行程范围为D,Y>L+D,或L>Y+D。
作为一种优选,还包括磁感应件,所述磁感应件相对所述磁吸组件设置,从而通过感应磁场变化以判断所述活动件的位置。
作为一种优选,所述活动件上设有外凸部,所述外凸部自所述活动件的外侧壁向远离所述驱动组件的方向凸出形成,所述固定件上设有内凸部,所述内凸部自所述固定件的内侧壁向靠近所述驱动组件的方向凸出形成,所述内凸部与所述外凸部相对设置,所述外凸部上形成所述接触面,所述内凸部上形成所述支撑面。
作为一种优选,所述活动件上还设有内凹部,所述内凹部自所述活动件的外侧壁向靠近所述驱动组件的方向凹陷形成,所述外凸部与所述内凹部相连并配合形成第一凹槽,所述内凸部适于插入所述第一 凹槽,所述固定件设有外凹部,所述外凹部自所述固定件的内侧壁向远离所述驱动组件方向凹陷形成,所述外凹部与所述内凸部相连并配合形成第二凹槽,所述外凸部适于插入所述第二凹槽。
作为一种优选,所述支撑面上设有第一引导槽和第三引导槽,所述接触面上设有对应的第二引导槽和第四引导槽,所述第一引导槽和所述第二引导槽配合将所述第一导向件夹持在内,所述第三引导槽和所述第四引导槽配合将所述第二导向件夹持在内,所述第一导向件和所述第二导向件保持所述支撑面和所述接触面平行。
为达到本申请的另一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种摄像模组,其包括:
光学镜头;
相对所述光学镜头设置的感光组件;以及
上述的驱动机构,所述光学镜头被设置于所述活动件。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果在于:
(1)磁吸组件的磁吸力使得活动件的接触面具有朝向固定件的支撑面运动的趋势,从而接触面与支撑面能够配合将导向组件夹紧,并且夹持稳定可靠,实现了固定件、活动件、导向组件三者之间的紧密装配;
(2)当活动件在驱动组件的预压力和驱动力作用下发生倾斜时,磁吸力能够作用于活动件使得活动件的位置被及时的修正,进而维持支撑面与接触面间的相互平行,即,避免了活动件沿光轴方向移动时发生倾斜,活动件得以平稳地沿光轴方向运动,搭载有光学镜头的活动件能够顺畅地调节位置,利于提高成像质量;
(3)磁吸组件结构简单,使用成本低;
(4)磁吸力与预压力是同向的,可以同时使活动件被平行地支撑于固定件上;
(5)增加导向组件以减少活动件与固定件间的摩擦接触面积,利于减少活动件相对固定件移动时受到的摩擦力,活动件便于被驱动。
为达到本申请的目的之一,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,其包括:
固定框架,所述固定框架包括支撑面;
活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架,所述活动载体包括与所述支撑面相对设置的接触面;
导向组件,所述导向组件位于所述支撑面和所述接触面之间,以使得所述支撑面和所述接触面之间保持第一间隙;
驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体并向所述活动载体施加一预压力,所述预压力使得所述接触面具备远离所述支撑面的趋势;
至少一组磁吸组件,所述磁吸组件包括第一磁吸件和第二磁吸件,所述第一磁吸件被设置于所述固定框架上,所述第二磁吸件被设置于所述活动载体上,所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互作用对所述活动载体施加一磁吸力,所述磁吸力的方向与所述预压力的方向相反,并且所述磁吸力大于所述预压力,以将所述活动载体的接触面吸附向所述固定框架的支撑面,所述导向组件得以被夹持在所述支撑面和所述接触面之间。
作为一种优选,所述固定框架具有第一框架侧部,所述活动载体具有第一载体侧部,所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部相对设置,所述第一框架侧部的内表面形成所述支撑面,所述第一载体侧部的外表面形成所述接触面,所述导向组件及所述驱动组件均设置于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部之间。
作为一种优选,所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述第一载体侧部的外表面,并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体。
作为一种优选,所述导向组件包括第一导向件和第二导向件,所述第一导向件、所述第二导向件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一磁吸件设置于所述第一框架侧部上,所述第二磁吸件设置于所述第一载体侧部上。
作为一种优选,所述磁吸组件包括相对所述驱动组件设置的第一组磁吸组件和第二组磁吸组件,所述第一组磁吸组件和所述第二组磁吸组件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一组磁吸组件设置于所述第一导向件远离所述驱动组件的一侧,所述第二组磁吸件设置于所述第二导向件远离所述驱动组件的一侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一组磁吸组件设置于所述第一导向件与所述驱动组件之间,所述第二组磁吸件设置于所述第二导向件与所述驱动组件之间。
作为一种优选,所述第一组磁吸组件、所述第二组磁吸组件关于所述驱动组件的中轴线对称设置,并且所述第一组磁吸组件产生的磁吸力与所述第二组磁吸组件产生的磁吸力大小相等。
作为一种优选,所述磁吸组件设为一组,并且沿预压力方向,该组磁吸组件中的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述第一载体侧部的外表面,并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,所述预压组件形成所述第一磁吸件,所述第二磁吸件的中部与所述摩擦头相对设置。
作为一种优选,所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件相互平行设置,并且两者均沿所述活动载体的运动方向延伸设置,以使所述磁吸力垂直所述活动载体的运动方向。
作为一种优选,沿所述活动载体的运动方向,所述第一磁吸件的长度为L,所述第二磁吸件的长度为Y,所述活动载体在所述驱动组件的驱动下的行程范围为D,L≥Y+D。
作为一种优选,所述固定框架包括分别设置于所述第一框架侧部两端的第二框架侧部和第四框架侧部,所述第二框架侧部的内表面及所述第四框架侧部的内表面分别向内侧凸出形成内凸部,所述活动载体包括分别设置于所述第一载体侧部两端的第二载体侧部和第四载体侧部,所述第二载体侧部的外表面和所述第四载体侧部的外表面分别向外侧凸出形成外凸部,所述外凸部位于所述内凸部与所述支撑面之间,所述外凸部背向所述接触面的一侧与所述内凸部朝向所述支撑面的一侧之间具有第二间隙,所述第二间隙的宽度小于所述活动载体与所述固定框架间其他间隙的宽度。
作为一种优选,所述第一磁吸件和/或所述第二磁吸件为磁体,所述驱动机构还包括磁感应件,所述磁感应件相对至少一所述磁体设置,从而通过感应磁场变化以判断所述活动载体的位置。
为达到本申请的另一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种摄像模组,其包括:
光学镜头;
相对所述光学镜头设置的感光组件;以及
上述的驱动机构,所述光学镜头被设置于所述活动载体。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果在于:
(1)磁吸组件的磁吸力使得活动载体的接触面具有朝向固定框架的支撑面运动的趋势,从而接触面与支撑面能够配合将导向组件夹紧,并且夹持稳定可靠,实现了固定框架、活动载体、导向组件三者之间的紧密装配;
(2)磁吸力与预压力方向相反,并且磁吸力大于预压力,磁吸力能够使得活动载体通过导向组件被平行地支撑于固定框架上,即使在预压力倾斜的情况下,磁吸力也能完全抵消掉预压力不垂直于摩擦头与活动载体抵接面的分力,保持活动载体与固定框架的相对面相互平行;
(3)当活动载体在驱动组件的预压力和驱动力作用下发生倾斜时,磁吸力能够作用于活动载体使 得活动载体的位置被及时的修正,进而维持支撑面与接触面间的相互平行,即,避免了活动载体沿光轴方向移动时发生倾斜,活动载体得以平稳地沿光轴方向运动,搭载有光学镜头的活动载体能够顺畅地调节位置,利于提高成像质量;
(4)磁吸组件结构简单,使用成本低;
(5)导向组件的设置使得所述支撑面和所述接触面之间保持第一间隙,能够减少活动载体与固定框架间的摩擦接触面积,利于减少活动载体相对固定框架移动时受到的摩擦力,活动载体便于被驱动。
为达到本申请的目的之一,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种应用于摄像模组的压电马达,其包括:
固定件;
活动件,所述活动件与所述固定件活动连接;
驱动组件,所述驱动组件包括预压组件及致动组件,所述预压组件包括缓冲件及结构件,所述结构件与所述固定件连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变,所述预压组件对所述致动组件施加一预压力,以使所述致动组件抵接于所述活动件,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动件相对所述固定件运动。
作为一种优选,所述结构件包括面向所述缓冲件的第一安装面,所述缓冲件包括与所述第一安装面相对的第二安装面,及与所述第二安装面相背设置的第三安装面,所述第一安装面与所述第二安装面贴合,所述致动组件包括压电振子及摩擦头,所述压电振子与所述第三安装面贴合,所述压电振子背离所述第三安装面的一面与所述摩擦头连接,所述摩擦头抵接于所述活动件。
作为一种优选,所述结构件包括面向所述缓冲件的第一安装面,所述缓冲件包括与所述第一安装面相对的第二安装面,及与所述第二安装面相背并平行设置的第三安装面,所述第一安装面与所述第二安装面贴合,所述致动组件包括柔性电路板、压电振子及摩擦头,所述柔性电路板的两相对面分别与所述第三安装面、所述压电振子贴合,所述压电振子背离所述第三安装面的一面与所述摩擦头连接,所述摩擦头抵接于所述活动件。
作为一种优选,所述活动件设置在所述固定件内,所述固定件上设有一贯穿所述固定件内外两侧的开口,所述结构件设置在所述固定件的外侧,并且所述结构件在至少一方向的尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸,所述缓冲件及所述致动组件穿过所述开口,从而所述致动组件得以抵接于所述活动件。
作为一种优选,所述结构件朝向所述缓冲件的一面与所述固定件的外侧面之间存在间隙。
作为一种优选,所述结构件通过粘合剂与所述固定件连接,所述粘合剂包覆所述结构件的周侧的至少一部分。
作为一种优选,所述结构件的弹性系数大于等于1.2*10^5N/m;所述结构件的厚度大于等于150μm。
作为一种优选,所述缓冲件的弹性模量大于等于100KPa,小于等于100MPa;所述缓冲件的厚度大于等于50μm,小于等于800μm。
作为一种优选,所述缓冲件为胶带,所述缓冲件的两个相对面分别与所述结构件、所述致动组件粘接。
作为一种优选,所述压电马达包括:
底座;
第一框架,与所述底座活动连接并适于相对所述底座沿第一方向运动,所述第一框架与所述底座之间设有第一驱动机构;
第二框架,与所述第一框架活动连接并适于相对所述第一框架沿第二方向运动,所述第二框架与所述第一框架之间设有第二驱动机构;
第三框架,与所述第二框架活动连接并适于相对所述第二框架沿第三方向运动,所述第三框架与所述第二框架之间设有第三驱动机构;
其中,所述第一驱动机构、所述第二驱动机构、所述第三驱动机构中的至少一个为所述驱动组件, 并且,当所述第一驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述底座为固定件,所述第一框架为活动件,当所述第二驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述第一框架为固定件,所述第二框架为活动件,当所述第三驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述第二框架为固定件,所述第三框架为活动件。
为达到本申请的另一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种摄像模组,其包括:
上述的压电马达;
镜头组件,设置在所述压电马达中;
感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
为达到本申请的再一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种压电马达的组装工艺,其包括步骤:
S1、提供一固定件、一活动件,及一驱动组件,所述驱动组件包括预压组件及致动组件,所述预压组件包括缓冲件及结构件;
S2、将所述活动件安装到所述固定件内;
S3、将缓冲件设置在结构件与致动组件之间,形成一组合体;
S4、将所述组合体中的所述缓冲件及所述致动组件伸入所述固定件上的开口,所述结构件留在所述开口外侧;
S5、对所述结构件施加一压力以使所述结构件向所述活动件靠近,以使所述致动组件抵接于所述活动件,所述缓冲件被所述结构件及所述致动组件挤压而变形;
S6、将所述结构件固定在所述固定件上,并且在固定过程中,持续对所述结构件施加步骤S5中提供的压力,完成所述结构件的固定后,撤除该压力;
其中S2与S3不分先后。
作为一种优选,步骤S5中还包括步骤:通过压力传感器获取对所述结构件施加的压力的数值,调节该压力的大小直至与预设值相同。
作为一种优选,步骤S6中,将所述结构件固定在所述固定件上具体包括步骤:将胶水涂覆在结构件的周侧并使胶水与所述固定件接触,持续对所述结构件施加步骤S5中提供的压力,胶水固化后即完成所述结构件的固定,撤除该压力。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果在于:
(1)现有技术中预压组件会发生形变弯曲,导致致动组件相对活动件倾斜,进而致动组件驱动活动件相对固定件在两个相反方向上的运动速度不一致,影响压电马达的驱动效果,本申请改进预压组件的结构,结构件不会在预压力的作用下发生明显的变形,能够防止致动组件相对活动件倾斜,提升压电马达的驱动效果,进而提升摄像模组的拍摄效果;
(2)由于缓冲件可以变形,将缓冲件设置在结构件与致动组件之间,在组装压电马达时,通过缓冲件的形变,能够抵消至少部分的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力变化;
(3)本申请还提供了一种压电马达的组装工艺,通过改进预压组件的结构,并利用缓冲件的形变特性,能够适应性的调节同一批次多个压电马达中缓冲件的压缩程度,从而提升同一批次多个压电马达中的预压力的一致性;
(4)现有技术中一般以弹片为预压组件,弹片通过UV胶或热固胶等粘合剂与致动组件连接,由于粘合剂固化后弹性模量较大,导致致动组件中的压电振子与弹片形成一个刚性整体,将影响压电振子的振动模态,从而影响驱动效果,而本申请的缓冲件可以吸收压电振子的部分形变,利于保持压电振子相对活动件的设置角度,使压电振子的实际运动状态与设计值接近,减少外部环境,如预压组件形变,对压电振子运动的影响;
(5)进一步的,缓冲件可以贴附在致动组件与结构件之间,不仅便于组装,还能避免现有技术中使用UV胶或热固胶等粘合剂粘接弹片后导致的影响压电振子振动模态的问题。
为达到本申请的目的之一,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种压电马达,应用于摄像模组,其包括:
固定框架;
活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架;
驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体;
支撑组件,所述支撑组件被设置于所述固定框架与所述活动载体之间,所述支撑组件与所述驱动组件配合以使所述活动载体被支撑于所述固定框架上;并且,所述驱动组件与所述支撑组件设置在所述压电马达的同一侧。
作为一种优选,所述支撑组件为导杆,所述活动载体设有至少两个适于与所述导杆接触的凸起,所述至少两个凸起在与所述导杆的长度方向平行的方向上间隔设置。
作为一种优选,所述活动载体设有两个所述凸起,并且两个所述凸起位于所述活动载体的两端,所述活动载体的中部相对凹陷以与所述支撑组件的中部分离。
作为一种优选,所述支撑组件包括第一支撑件和第二支撑件,所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件分别位于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件被对称的设置在所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,所述固定框架具有第一框架侧部,所述活动载体具有第一载体侧部,所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部相对设置,所述驱动组件被设置于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一框架侧部之间,所述固定框架设有朝向所述活动载体方向凸出的第一内凸部和第二内凸部,所述第一载体侧部的两端设有朝向所述固定框架方向凸出的第一外凸部和第二外凸部,所述第一外凸部位于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一内凸部之间,所述第二外凸部位于所述第一框架侧部与所述第二内凸部之间,所述第一支撑件位于所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部之间,所述第二支撑件位于所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部之间。
作为一种优选,所述第一内凸部上设有第一引导槽,所述第一外凸部上设有第二引导槽,所述第一引导槽与所述第二引导槽相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第一通道,所述第一支撑件设置于所述第一通道内,以引导所述活动载体的运动方向;所述第二内凸部上设有第一支撑部,所述第二外凸部上设有第二支撑部,所述第一支撑部与所述第二支撑部相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第二通道,所述第二支撑件设置于所述第二通道内。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑部、所述第二支撑部中的至少一者设有适于与所述第二支撑件接触的支撑平面,所述第二支撑件适于沿所述支撑平面调整在垂直于第一方向上的位置。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件设置于所述第一通道内,并适于沿第一方向运动,所述第二支撑件设置于所述第二通道内,并至少适于沿第一方向运动。
作为一种优选,所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供预压力,使所述致动组件的驱动端抵接于所述活动载体并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动。
作为一种优选,所述预压组件包括结构件及缓冲件,所述结构件与所述固定框架连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变。
为达到本申请的另一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种摄像模组,其包括:
上述的压电马达;
镜头组件,设置在所述压电马达中;以及
感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果在于:
(1)支撑组件与驱动组件被设置于压电马达的同一侧,从而支撑组件到驱动组件的距离被设计的较短,这样,驱动组件的驱动力对活动载体的力矩较小,在驱动力可能相对活动载体发生倾斜的情况下, 本申请通过减少力矩使得活动载体倾斜的风险减低,活动载体及其上镜头组件的位置能够按预期得到调整。
(2)活动载体倾斜进一步的可能引发支撑组件卡死,进而导致活动载体无法相对固定框架运动,无法实现对焦功能,本申请降低活动载体的倾斜风险,还能降低支撑组件被卡死的几率,使得活动载体的位置得以被顺畅的调节,压电马达能够可靠地实现对焦功能,从而提升拍照效果。
(3)支撑组件的设置能够减少活动载体与固定框架间的摩擦接触面积,利于减少活动载体相对固定框架移动时受到的摩擦力,活动载体便于被驱动组件驱动。
为达到以上目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种驱动装置,应用于摄像模组,其包括:
固定框架;
活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架;
驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体,对所述活动载体施加一预压力,并适于在接收驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动;
支撑组件,所述支撑组件包括第一支撑件与第二支撑件,所述第一支撑件分别抵接所述固定框架与所述活动载体,所述第二支撑件与所述固定框架和/或所述活动载体之间存在一定间隙。
作为一种优选,所述支撑组件与所述驱动组件设置在所述驱动装置的同一侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件位于所述驱动组件的同侧。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件相对所述第二支撑件更靠近所述驱动组件。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件位于所述驱动组件的两侧。
作为一种优选,沿预压力方向,所述第一支撑件、所述第二支撑件,及所述驱动组件沿一直线设置。
作为一种优选,所述活动载体包括第一外凸部,所述固定框架包括第一内凸部,所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部相对设置,所述第一支撑件设置在所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部之间。
作为一种优选,所述第一外凸部上设有第一导向部,所述第一内凸部上设有第二导向部,所述第一支撑件的两侧分别与所述第一导向部、所述第二导向部抵接,所述第一导向部、所述第二导向部及所述第一支撑件配合以引导所述活动载体沿第一方向运动。
作为一种优选,所述活动载体还包括第二外凸部,所述固定框架还包括第二内凸部,所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部相对设置,所述第二支撑件设置在所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部之间。
作为一种优选,所述第二外凸部上设有第三导向部,所述第二内凸部上设有第四导向部,所述第二支撑件设置在所述第三导向部、所述第四导向部之间,所述第三导向部、所述第四导向部及所述第二支撑件配合,以为所述活动载体的调整提供一定的空间。
作为一种优选,所述第一支撑件、所述第二支撑件均为导杆,所述导杆沿第一方向设置,并且沿第一方向,所述活动载体上间隔设有至少两个适于与所述导杆接触的凸起。
作为一种优选,所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供预压力,使所述致动组件的驱动端抵接于所述活动载体并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动。
作为一种优选,所述预压组件包括结构件及缓冲件,所述结构件与所述固定框架连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变。
为达到本申请的另一目的,本申请采用的技术方案为:一种摄像模组,其包括:
上述的驱动装置;
镜头组件,设置在所述驱动装置中;以及
感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
与现有技术相比,本申请的有益效果在于:
(1)在驱动装置的预压力的作用下,第一支撑件分别抵接固定框架与活动载体,第一支撑件与固定框架及活动载体之间保持紧装配,使得活动载体被可活动地支撑于固定框架上并能够平稳地运动。而第二支撑件与固定框架和/或活动载体之间存在一定间隙,也就是说第二支撑件是松装配的,能够为活动载体的调整提供一定的空间,在活动载体受预压力影响发生倾斜的情况下,第二支撑件抵接固定框架与活动载体,能够修正活动载体,使活动载体按预期的运动方向被驱动。
(2)活动载体倾斜进一步的可能引发支撑组件卡死,进而导致活动载体无法相对固定框架运动,无法实现对焦功能,本申请降低活动载体的倾斜风险,还能降低支撑组件及活动载体被卡死的几率,使得活动载体的位置得以被顺畅的调节,驱动装置能够可靠地实现对焦功能,从而提升拍照效果。
(3)支撑组件的设置能够减少活动载体与固定框架间的摩擦接触面积,利于减少活动载体相对固定框架移动时受到的摩擦力,活动载体便于被驱动组件驱动。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中一种驱动机构的结构示意图;
图2为预压力倾斜的示意图;
图3为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的立体结构示意图;
图4为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的爆炸结构示意图;
图5为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的俯视图;
图6为图5中B-B方向的剖视图;
图7为本申请一优选实施例中活动件的俯视图;
图8为本申请一优选实施例中固定件的俯视图;
图9为本申请另一优选实施例中驱动机构的俯视图;
图10为图9中C-C方向的剖视图;
图11为本申请一优选实施例中驱动组件的立体结构示意图;
图12为本申请一优选实施例中耐摩擦板处的结构示意图;
图13为本申请另一优选实施例中预压组件的结构示意图;
图14为图13所示预压组件的剖面结构示意图;
图15为本申请另一实施例中驱动机构的结构示意图;
图16为本申请又一实施例中驱动机构的结构示意图;
图17为现有技术中一种驱动机构的结构示意图;
图18为预压力倾斜的示意图;
图19为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的立体结构示意图;
图20为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的爆炸结构示意图;
图21为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的俯视图;
图22为图21中A-A方向的剖视图;
图23为图21中B-B方向的剖视图;
图24为本申请一优选实施例中驱动组件的爆炸结构示意图;
图25为本申请一优选实施例中固定框架的俯视图;
图26为本申请一优选实施例中活动载体的俯视图;
图27为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构沿垂直中轴线方向的剖视图;
图28为图21中C-C方向的剖视图;
图29为本申请一优选实施例中活动载体的局部结构示意图;
图30为本申请一优选实施例中固定框架的局部结构示意图;
图31为本申请另一优选实施例中预压组件的结构示意图;
图32为图31所示预压组件的剖面结构示意图;
图33为本申请另一实施例中驱动机构的结构示意图;
图34为本申请又一实施例中驱动机构的结构示意图;
图35为本申请再一实施例中驱动机构的结构示意图;
图36为本申请一优选实施例中摄像模组的剖视图;
图37为本申请一优选实施例中压电马达的爆炸结构示意图;
图38为本申请一优选实施例中压电马达的内部结构示意图;
图39为现有技术中预压组件的爆炸结构示意图;
图40为现有技术中预压组件形变后致动组件及活动件倾斜的示意图;
图41为本申请一优选实施例中底座和第一框架的结构示意图;
图42为本申请一优选实施例中第一框架和第二框架的结构示意图;
图43为本申请一优选实施例中第二框架和第三框架的结构示意图;
图44为本申请一优选实施例中三个驱动组件及柔性电路板的结构示意图;
图45为本申请另一优选实施例中预压组件的爆炸结构示意图;
图46为本申请一优选实施例中致动组件的工作原理示意图;
图47为图38中A处的局部结构放大图;
图48为结构件与固定件的连接示意图;
图49为现有技术中压电马达的结构示意图;
图50为活动载体倾斜的示意图;
图51为本申请一优选实施例中压电马达的俯视图;
图52为本申请一优选实施例中压电马达的爆炸结构示意图;
图53为图51中A-A方向的剖面结构示意图;
图54为活动载体的立体结构示意图;
图55为压电马达在第一支撑件处的局部结构示意图;
图56为压电马达在第二支撑件处的局部结构示意图;
图57为图51中B-B方向的剖面结构示意图;
图58为驱动组件的爆炸结构示意图;
图59为压电振子的工作原理示意图;
图60为结构件的安装示意图;
图61为现有技术中驱动装置的结构示意图;
图62为预压力倾斜引发活动载体倾斜的示意图;
图63为本申请一优选实施例中驱动装置的俯视图;
图64为本申请一优选实施例中驱动装置的爆炸结构示意图;
图65为图63中A-A方向的剖面结构示意图;
图66为驱动装置在第一支撑件处的局部结构示意图;
图67为驱动装置在第二支撑件处的局部结构示意图;
图68为固定框架的结构示意图;
图69为活动载体的结构示意图;
图70为本申请另一优选实施例中驱动装置的俯视图;
图71为本申请又一优选实施例中支撑组件与驱动组件的位置示意图;
图72为本申请一优选实施例中驱动组件的爆炸结构示意图;
图73为本申请一优选实施例中致动组件的驱动原理示意图;
图74为本申请另一优选实施例中致动组件的驱动原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本申请做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,对于方位词,如有术语“中心”、“横向”、“纵向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示方位和位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于叙述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定方位构造和操作,不能理解为限制本申请的具体保护范围。
需要说明的是,本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本申请提供一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,如图3至图16所示,包括固定件10、活动件20、驱动组件30及导向组件40,活动件20与固定件10活动连接,驱动组件30抵接于活动件20并提供一预压力P,当驱动组件30接收到一驱动信号时,能够在预压力P的作用下与活动件20发生摩擦,从而驱动活动件20发生运动,导向组件40则设置在固定件10与活动件20之间,使得固定件10与活动件20的相对面之间存在一固定间隙,能够减少活动件20相对固定件10运动时受到的摩擦力。
在本申请中驱动机构具有一中轴线O,活动件20活动设置在固定件10内并且适于沿中轴线O方向运动。
在本实施例中,活动件20活动设置在固定件10内,活动件20上承载有光学镜头,光学镜头具有一光轴,中轴线O的方向与光学镜头的光轴方向平行,活动件20能够相对固定件10沿光轴方向移动,从而带动光学镜头沿光轴方向移动实现光学对焦功能。
在其他一些实施例中,活动件20可以是相对固定件10沿垂直光轴的方向运动的,能够实现光学防抖功能。
在一些实施例中,驱动组件30具体实施为压电马达,压电马达是一种响应快、驱动力大且驱动精 度高的马达,可以使用在摄像模组中,具体的,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定件10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供一垂直于中轴线O方向的预压力P,使致动组件32抵接于活动件20的一侧,致动组件32对活动件20提供一驱动力F以引导活动件20沿中轴线O方向运动。
在一些实施例中,致动组件32包括压电振子322和摩擦头323,压电振子322与预压组件31连接,摩擦头323固定在压电振子322朝向活动件20的一面,摩擦头323在预压力P的作用下抵接于活动件20的侧壁,即摩擦头323与预压组件31分别被设置于压电振子322相对的两侧。通过压电振子322的高频微幅振动,使得摩擦头323发生运动,并通过摩擦头323与活动件20外侧壁之间的摩擦,实现驱动活动件20沿中轴线O方向做直线运动,也就是说,驱动力F其实可以理解为摩擦头323对活动件20施加的摩擦力。
在一些实施例中,致动组件32还包括压电线路板321,压电线路板321具体为柔性电路板,即FPC,压电线路板321与压电振子322连接,以为压电振子322供电,具体的,压电线路板321可以设置在压电振子322背向活动件20的一面。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31设置在压电振子322背向活动件20的一面,以便对设置在压电振子322朝向活动件20一面的摩擦头323提供朝向活动件20挤压的预压力P。
导向组件40设置在活动件20与固定件10之间,导向组件40一侧与固定件10抵接,另一侧与活动件20抵接,并对活动件20施加垂直于中轴线O方向的支撑力N。该支撑力N能够与驱动组件30对活动件20施加的预压力P配合,将活动件20夹在导向组件40与固定件10之间,活动件20得以在致动组件32的驱动力F作用下沿中轴线O方向运动,即,驱动组件30与导向组件40配合引导活动件20沿中轴线O方向运动。并且,若活动件20与固定件10之间面接触,则活动件20移动时将受到较大的摩擦阻力,影响驱动效果。导向组件40可以改变活动件20与固定件10间的接触方式,例如点接触、线接触,减少了活动件20与固定件10之间的摩擦接触面积,利于减少活动件20相对固定件10移动时受到的摩擦力f1
应可以理解,在本申请的一个实施例中,如图10、图11所示,导向组件40可以被实施为滚珠43,在预压组件31的作用下,多个滚珠43被夹持于活动件20和固定件10之间,滚珠31与活动件20和固定件10之间为点接触。在本申请的另一个实施例中,考虑到1)滚珠43与活动件20和固定件10之间均为点接触,当活动件20产生倾斜时,活动件20与滚珠43之间可能产生较大的倾角,导致滚珠43卡死,发生滑动摩擦;2)滚珠43在运动时会在滚动状态和滑动状态之间随意切换,增加了活动件20卡死的风险;3)活动件20与滚珠43脱落,或,滚珠43与活动件20及固定件10间因摩擦、撞击或其他原因产生的碎屑可能导致滚珠43卡死,进而活动件20卡死,这些情况都会使得活动件20无法继续移动,影响对焦效果。为此,如图4至图7所示,导向组件40可以被实施为导杆44,在预压组件31的作用下,多个导杆44被夹持于活动件20和固定件10之间,导杆44与活动件20和固定件10之间为线接触,相比滚珠43减少了卡死的风险。
能够理解的是,如图2所示,压电振子322是通过形变使摩擦头323发生运动的,而压电振子322形变时,摩擦头323与活动件20的抵接面之间的角度随之变化,导致预压力P并非垂直作用于活动件20的侧壁,而是预压力P的方向相对活动件20的侧壁所在的平面具有一定倾斜,同时,当预压组件31的硬度较小时,预压组件31可能会由于压电振子322的形变产生一定程度的弯曲,导致预压力P的方向相对于抵接面的角度发生变化,也就是说,在一定情况下,预压力P的方向相对活动件20的侧壁所在的平面是倾斜的,该情况下,致动组件32驱动活动件20运动时,易引发活动件20倾斜。
尤其是,在一些实施例中,如图1所示,导向组件40被设置于活动件20的两个对角位置处,从俯视角度看,被设置于活动件20的两个对角位置处的导向组件40与致动组件32在活动件20的侧壁呈三点设置。致动组件32与活动件20摩擦接触的中心位置到被设置于两个对角位置处的导向组件40的连线的距离为力臂x,活动件20位于对角的倾覆力矩M的大小与力臂x的大小正相关,三点设置的方式使得力臂x及倾覆力矩M较大,当活动件20被致动组件32驱动沿中轴线O方向移动时,活动件20会产生较大的倾角,造成活动件20倾斜,影响光学对焦的速度和效果。此外,在这种导向组件40设置于对角的结构中,两个对角的导向组件40可能会产生不确定的摩擦力,造成活动件20的移动行程和移动速度不达标,而且,对角的导向组件40可能会对驱动组件30产生挤压,造成导向组件40部分的摩擦力增大。
进一步的,导向组件40实施为滚珠43时,有可能造成活动件20与滚珠43之间卡死,或者活动件20与滚珠43脱落等情况,使得活动件20无法继续移动,影响对焦效果。当然,当导向组件40被实施 为导杆44时,情况会比滚珠43好一些,但同样活动件20倾斜也会影响光学对焦的效果。
为解决上述问题,在本申请的一个实施例中,导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动件20的同一侧,如图3至图6所示,相比于两个导向组件40和致动组件32的摩擦头323在活动件20的侧壁呈三点设置,导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动件20同一侧的设置方式使得致动组件32的摩擦头323到两个导向组件40之间的连线的距离减小,即x变小,从而力矩M变小。当活动件20被致动组件32驱动沿中轴线O的方向移动时,活动件20的倾角较小,使得活动件20倾斜的风险降低,避免影响光学对焦效果。
但不可避免的,在预压力P倾斜的情况下,由于组装间隙的存在,活动件20依旧有发生倾斜的可能性,这里,组装间隙是指为使活动件20和导向组件40可以被组装于固定件10中而预留的间隙,通过该组装间隙,使活动件20和导向组件40可以被组装于固定件10,但也留出了活动件20倾斜的空间。以及在一些情况下,由于固定件10、活动件20、导向组件40存在制造公差,及加工装配过程中的其他一些因素的影响,导向组件40与固定件10、活动件20之间的装配可能不够紧密,导致活动件20有更大的倾斜可能性。一旦活动件20倾斜到一定程度,导向组件40将被卡在活动件20与固定件10之间,造成活动件20无法移动以实现光学对焦功能。
为此,本申请改进驱动机构的结构,提出一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构:如图3至图14所示,其包括固定件10、活动件20、驱动组件30、导向组件40和磁吸组件50,固定件10包括支撑面11,活动件20被可活动地设置于固定件10,活动件20包括接触面21,支撑面11与接触面21相对设置,导向组件40位于支撑面11与接触面21之间,以使得固定件10与活动件20之间保持一固定间隙,驱动组件30与固定件10连接,同时抵接于活动件20并提供一预压力P,磁吸组件50包括至少一组成对设置的第二磁吸件51和第一磁吸件52,第一磁吸件52设置在固定件10和活动件20其中一者上,第二磁吸件51设置在固定件10和活动件20其中另一者上,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51之间相互作用,以将活动件20的接触面21吸附向固定件10的支撑面11,即,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51可以相互吸引产生磁吸力,使得接触面21、支撑面11保持与导向组件40抵接,进而保持接触面21与支撑面11平行。
磁吸组件50的磁吸力使得活动件20的接触面21具有朝向固定件10的支撑面11运动的趋势,从而接触面21与支撑面11能够配合将导向组件40夹紧,并且夹持稳定可靠,实现了固定件10、活动件20、导向组件40三者之间的紧密装配。当活动件20在驱动组件30的预压力P作用下发生倾斜时,磁吸力能够作用于活动件20使得活动件20的位置被及时的修正,进而维持支撑面11与接触面21间的相互平行,即,避免了活动件20移动时发生倾斜,活动件20得以平稳地沿驱动组件的中轴线O方向运动,并且磁吸组件50结构简单,使用成本低。
进一步的,磁吸力与预压力P是同向的,可以同时使活动件20被平行地支撑于固定件10上,换句话说,第二磁吸件51和第一磁吸件52沿预压力P方向相对设置,以避免预压力P在垂直于中轴线O的方向上产生分力,导致活动件20在该分力作用下发生位移影响摄像功能。即使在预压力P是倾斜的情况下,其不垂直于摩擦头323与活动件20抵接面的分力,也难以使活动件20产生倾斜,从而保持活动件20与固定件10的相对面相互平行。需要补充的是,在一些实施例中,当导向组件40设为多个支撑件时,由于磁吸组件50的作用,支撑面11与接触面21能夹紧每一个支撑件,利于提高不同支撑件间的平行度,从而减小驱动机构的组装公差,保证了驱动机构的稳定运行。
基于设置了磁吸组件50的情况下,本申请能提供一种实施例,如图15所示,两个导向组件40设置在活动件20的两个对角上,驱动组件30与两个导向组件40在活动件20的侧壁上呈三点设置。能够理解的是,由于磁吸力的存在,在预压力P是倾斜的情况下,虽然倾覆力矩M较大,但磁吸力能够抵消部分或全部的预压力P不垂直于摩擦头323与活动件20抵接面的分力,从而减小活动件20产生倾斜的可能性。
本申请还能提供一种实施例,如图16所示,导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动件20的对侧,该情况下,活动件20的倾覆力矩M同样较大,但磁吸力能够抵消部分或全部的、预压力P不垂直于摩擦头323与活动件20抵接面的分力,从而减小活动件20产生倾斜的可能性。
结合图4、图8至图10,本申请进一步对磁吸组件50的结构进行阐述,在本实施例中,导向组件40、驱动组件30设置在活动件20的同一侧,以减小力矩M,降低活动件20倾斜风险。
具体的,在一些实施例中,导向组件40包括第一导向件41和第二导向件42,第一导向件41和第二导向件42均与驱动组件30相邻设置。更具体的,活动件20包括依次相连的第一外侧壁22、第二外侧壁23、第三外侧壁24,第一外侧壁22、第三外侧壁24相对设置,固定件10包括依次相连的第一内侧壁12、 第二内侧壁13、第三内侧壁14,驱动组件30设置在第二内侧壁13和第二外侧壁23之间,第一内侧壁12与第一外侧壁22相对设置,第三内侧壁14与第三外侧壁24相对设置,第一导向件41设置在第一外侧壁22与第一内侧壁12之间,并且设置在相对靠近驱动组件30的一侧,第二导向件42设置在第二外侧壁23与第二内侧壁13之间,并且第一导向件41、第二导向件42相对设置。
进一步的,导向组件40、驱动组件30及磁吸组件50均设置在活动件20的同一侧,对活动件20施力的几个结构设置的相对集中,利于保持结构紧凑。
在一些实施例中,磁吸组件50包括相对驱动组件30设置的第一组磁吸组件54和第二组磁吸组件55,第一组磁吸组件54和第二组磁吸组件55分别设置于驱动组件30的两侧。能分别从两侧向活动件20提供磁吸力,磁吸力作用效果更好。
在一些实施例中,磁吸组件50的位置与导向组件40的位置相关,磁吸组件50与导向组件40相邻设置,具体的,第一组磁吸组件54与第一导向件41相邻设置,第二组磁吸组件55与第二导向件42相邻设置,使得磁吸力与导向组件之间的力矩相对较小,磁吸力能够比较直接地作用在导向组件40处,磁吸力利用率高。
在本申请一具体实施例中,沿平行于预压力P的方向,第一组磁吸组件54内的第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置在第一导向件41的两侧,第二组磁吸组件55内的第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置在第二导向件42的两侧,第一组磁吸组件54的第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51相互吸引,第二组磁吸组件55内的第一磁吸件52和第二磁吸件51相互吸引。即第一组磁吸组件54和第一导向件41共线设置、第二组磁吸组件55和第二导向件42共线设置,利于将磁吸力直接作用于接触面21和支撑面11,从而夹紧导向组件40。
在一些实施例中,以经过预压组件31的中心线并沿预压力P方向延伸的一平面为参考平面,第一组磁吸组件54与第二组磁吸组件55关于参考平面对称设置,以向活动件20的两侧提供对等的磁吸力。具体可以是预压力P施加在摩擦头323与活动件20接触侧壁的中心,第一组磁吸组件54、第二组磁吸组件55对称设置在预压组件31的两侧,使得活动件20在两侧受到对称的磁吸力作用,避免活动件20因为两侧磁吸力大小不同而向其中一侧倾斜,从而避免影响光学对焦和/或光学防抖效果。
在一些实施例中,本申请还考虑到活动件20是能相对固定件10运动的,为了使得活动件20运动过程中,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52之间始终存在一定的磁吸力作用,沿中轴线O方向,第二磁吸件51的长度为Y,第一磁吸件52的长度为L,L与Y一大一小,使得活动件20在一定的运动范围内时,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52之间正相对的面积基本保持恒定。
进一步的,沿中轴线O方向,活动件20在驱动组件30的驱动下的行程范围为D,Y>L+D,或L>Y+D,则,在活动件20受驱动组件30驱动的整个运动过程中,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51正相对面在沿垂直于中轴线O方向有一部分保持重叠,从而,在活动件20运动的过程中,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52间得以始终产生一定大小的磁吸力作用。
在本实施例中,第一磁吸件52的长度Y大于第二磁吸件51的长度L与活动件20行程范围D的和。
进一步的,第一磁吸件52的宽度大于第二磁吸件51的宽度,第二磁吸件51的边缘部分能够与第一磁吸件52内部正相对。第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51相互之间始终能产生一定的磁吸力。
在一些实施例中,固定件10上设有安装槽173,第一磁吸件52安装在安装槽173内,活动件20上设有容纳槽273,第二磁吸件51安装在容纳槽273内。第二磁吸件51、第一磁吸件52不占用额外的空间,利于保持整个驱动机构的结构紧凑,并且,第二磁吸件51和第一磁吸件52分别被安装槽173和容纳槽273遮挡保护。图9为本申请一优选实施例中驱动机构的俯视图,由于第二磁吸件51在容纳槽273内,处于被遮挡状态,故图中以虚线示意第二磁吸件51。
在一些实施例中,第二磁吸件51、第一磁吸件52均设置为规则的块状或片状,结构简单易加工成型,并且便于开设对应形状的容纳槽273或安装槽173。
在一些实施例中,第一磁吸件52为具有磁吸力的磁体,第二磁吸件51为适于被磁体吸附的物体。
在另一些实施例中,第二磁吸件51为具有磁吸力的磁体,第一磁吸件52为适于被磁体吸附的物 体。
能够理解的是,磁体可以是金属合金永磁,例如钕铁硼永磁、铝镍钴永磁,或铁氧体永磁,或稀土永磁,适于被磁体吸附的物体包括但不限于磁体和金属片,如使用成本较低的铁片,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52相互吸引即可,其具体材质并不做限定。
在其它一些实施例中,第二磁吸件51和第一磁吸件52可以是相互排斥的,例如两者为两个极性相同的磁体,能够理解的是,此时需要调整磁吸组件50的安装位置,以使磁吸组件50作用在活动件20上的磁吸力与驱动组件30的预压力P反向,例如,可以将第二磁吸件51设置在活动件20的第二外侧壁23上,将第一磁吸件52设置在固定件10的第二内侧壁13上。
在一些实施例中,驱动机构还包括磁感应件53,磁感应件53相对磁吸组件40设置,从而通过感应磁场变化来判断活动件20的位置。
能够理解的是,磁感应件53相对磁吸组件40设置是指磁感应件53相对磁体设置,例如,当活动件20上的第二磁吸件51为磁体时,则磁感应件53可以相对第二磁吸件51设置在固定件10上,以便能够检测到磁场的变化。
本实施例中,沿平行于预压力P的方向,磁感应件53与第二磁吸件51正相对设置,第二磁吸件51为磁体,当活动件20发生移动时,磁感应件53与磁体间的相对位置发生变化,磁感应件53感应到的磁场强弱发生变化,从而能够判断活动件20的当前位置,便于控制驱动组件30对活动件20的位置进行调整。
具体的,磁感应件53为霍尔感应式传感器,或磁电感应式传感器,或磁阻效应传感器,如利用隧道磁阻效应的磁敏感元件TMR,或集成有磁感应功能的芯片,或其他能够感应磁场变化的元件。
在一些实施例中,磁感应件53设为一个,相对磁吸组件40其中的某个磁体设置,在又一些实施例中,磁感应件53设有两个,分别相对第一组磁吸组件54、第二组磁吸组件55中的磁体设置。
在一些实施例中,活动件20或固定件10上设有嵌装槽,磁感应件53设置在嵌装槽内。一是能够对磁感应元件进行遮挡保护,二是磁感应件53不必占用额外的空间,利于保持整个驱动机构的结构紧凑。
作为补充的,本申请对活动件20与固定件10之间的适配结构进行说明。
在一些实施例中,活动件20设有外凸部27,外凸部27自活动件20的外侧壁向远离驱动组件30的方向凸出形成,固定件10设有内凸部17,内凸部17自固定件10的内侧壁向靠近驱动组件30的方向凸出形成,外凸部27与内凸部17相对设置,外凸部27上形成接触面21,内凸部17上形成支撑面11,结构简单,并且能够实现活动件20与固定件10的结构适配,使得活动件20得以紧密装配在固定件10上。
进一步的,外凸部27与内凸部17均设置在与驱动组件30相邻的一侧,使导向组件40与驱动组件30得以被设置在活动件20的同一侧。导向组件40被夹持在外凸部27与内凸部17之间,从而通过减少x的值,实现降低作用在活动件20上的倾覆力矩M的值,降低活动件20倾斜的风险。
进一步的,本实施例中,第二磁吸件51设置在外凸部27上,第一磁吸件52设置在内凸部17上,导向组件40、磁吸组件50集中在内凸部17和外凸部27处,利于保持整个驱动机构的结构紧凑。
更具体的,本实施例中,磁感应件53及第一磁吸件52设置在固定件10的内凸部17上,第二磁吸件51设置在活动件20的外凸部27上,第一磁吸件52设置在磁感应件53和第二磁吸件51之间,并且沿平行预压力P的方向,三者与第二导向件42共线。导向组件40、磁吸组件50、磁感应件53集中在内凸部17和外凸部27处,利于保持整个驱动机构的结构紧凑,并且第二磁吸件51为磁体,且其长度Y与活动件行程D的和小于第一磁吸件52的长度L,磁感应件53与第二磁吸件51相对,利于检测磁场变化从而判断活动件20位置。
进一步的,活动件20设有内凹部26,内凹部26自活动件20的外侧壁向靠近驱动组件30的方向凹陷形成,外凸部27与内凹部26相连并配合形成第一凹槽28,内凸部17适于插入第一凹槽28。对应的,固定件10设有外凹部16,外凹部16自固定件10的内侧壁向远离驱动组件30的方向凹陷形成,外凹部16与内凸部17相连并配合形成第二凹槽18,外凸部27适于插入第二凹槽18,内凸部17及外凸部27相对来说能沿垂直于中轴线O的方向延伸更多距离,便于导向组件40的设置,并且,固定件10、活动件20之间适配结构较为紧凑,利于减少驱动机构在垂直光轴方向上的尺寸。
在一些实施例中,导向组件40包括第一导向件41和第二导向件42,对应的,外凸部27、内凹部26、内凸部17、外凹部16均设为两个,相关结构如下:第一外侧壁22与第二外侧壁23相连的一侧沿远离驱动组件30的方向向外凸出形成第一外凸部271,第一外侧壁22自第一外凸部271远离第二外侧壁23的一侧,沿靠近驱动组件30的方向向内凹形成第一内凹部261,第一内凹部261与第一外凸部271配合形成第一凹槽一281,相似的,第三外侧壁24与第二外侧壁23相连的一侧沿远离驱动组件30的方向向外凸出形成第二外凸部272,第三外侧壁24自第二外凸部272远离第二外侧壁23的一侧,沿靠近驱动组件30的方向向内凹形成第二内凹部262,第二内凹部262与第二外凸部272配合形成第一凹槽二282;与之类似的,第一内侧壁12与第二内侧壁13连的一侧沿远离驱动组件30的方向向外凹陷形成第一外凹部161,第一内侧壁12自第一外凹部161远离第二内侧壁13的一侧,沿靠近驱动组件30的方向向内凸出形成第一内凸部171,第一外凹部161与第一内凸部171配合形成第二凹槽一181;第三内侧壁14与第二内侧壁13相连的一侧沿远离驱动组件30的方向向外凹陷形成第二外凹部162,第三内侧壁14自第二外凹部162远离第二内侧壁13的一侧,沿靠近驱动组件30的方向向内凸出形成第二内凸部172,第二内凸部172与第二外凹部162配合形成第二凹槽二182。
在一些实施例中,导向组件40包括第一导向件41和第二导向件42,对应的,外凸部27、内凹部26、内凸部17、外凹部16均设为两个,相关结构如下:第一外侧壁22与第二外侧壁23相连的一侧沿远离中轴线O的方向向外凸出形成第一外凸部271,第一外侧壁22自第一外凸部271远离第二外侧壁23的一侧,沿靠近中轴线O的方向向内凹形成第一内凹部261,第一内凹部261与第一外凸部271配合形成第一凹槽一281,相似的,第三外侧壁24与第二外侧壁23相连的一侧沿远离中轴线O的方向向外凸出形成第二外凸部272,第三外侧壁24自第二外凸部272远离第二外侧壁23的一侧,沿靠近中轴线O的方向向内凹形成第二内凹部262,第二内凹部262与第二外凸部272配合形成第一凹槽二282;与之类似的,第一内侧壁12与第二内侧壁13连的一侧沿远离中轴线O的方向向外凹陷形成第一外凹部161,第一内侧壁12自第一外凹部161远离第二内侧壁13的一侧,沿靠近中轴线O的方向向内凸出形成第一内凸部171,第一外凹部161与第一内凸部171配合形成第二凹槽一181;第三内侧壁14与第二内侧壁13相连的一侧沿远离中轴线O的方向向外凹陷形成第二外凹部162,第三内侧壁14自第二外凹部162远离第二内侧壁13的一侧,沿靠近中轴线O的方向向内凸出形成第二内凸部172,第二内凸部172与第二外凹部162配合形成第二凹槽二182。
在一些实施例中,活动件20和固定件10的基本形状均为方形,活动件20还包括与第二外侧壁23相对的第四外侧壁25,固定件10还包括与第二内侧壁13相对的第四内侧壁15,活动件20和固定件10的整体形状规整,便于加工。
在一些实施例中,支撑面11、接触面21上分别设有沿平行于中轴线O方向延伸的引导槽,导向组件40沿平行于中轴线O的方向延伸设置,并被两侧的引导槽夹持限位。能够理解的是,导向组件40是持续被夹持在两侧的引导槽中的,在活动件20沿中轴线O方向运动的时候,导向组件40被活动件20带动,并在引导槽的引导下沿平行于中轴线O的方向运动。在这个运动过程中,导向组件40与两侧的引导槽配合,能对活动件20的运动方向起到一定限定,避免活动件20在平行于支撑面11的平面上发生转动倾斜,引导活动件20沿中轴线O运动。
在一些实施例中,支撑面11上间隔设有第一引导槽111和第三引导槽112,接触面21上设有对应的第二引导槽211和第四引导槽212。第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211配合将第一导向件41夹持在内,并引导第一导向件41沿中轴线O方向活动,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212配合将第二导向件42夹持在内,第一导向件41和第二导向件42保持支撑面11和接触面21的平行。
在一些实施例中,第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211为一组槽口相向的V型槽,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212为一组槽口相向的V型槽。第一导向件41、第二导向件42分别从驱动组件30的两侧对活动件20进行支撑,与两组引导槽配合引导活动件20沿中轴线O方向运动,换句话说,第一导向件41、第二导向件42对活动件20起到支撑和定位作用。
但是考虑到如果将第一引导槽111至第四引导槽212全设为V型槽,那么由于活动件20和/或固定件10存在一定的制造公差,引导槽的实际位置与预设点位之间存在一定偏移。装配时将其中一组引导槽的V型开口对准后,另一对引导槽之间可能存在错位,难以对准,导致第一导向件41、第二导向件42中的一者难以安装进错位的两个引导槽之间。也就是说,将引导槽全设为V型槽要求较高的加工精度,加工成本较高。
为此,在一些实施例中对引导槽的形状进行改进,以使第二导向件42能够沿着第三引导槽112的槽底和/和第四引导槽212的槽底,在垂直于中轴线O的方向上活动。
具体的,本实施例中,第一引导槽111、第二引导槽211为槽口相向设置的V型槽,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212槽口相向设置,并且其中的至少一个为平面槽,平面槽具有平行于支撑面11的槽底,以允许其内的第二导向件42能够沿着第三引导槽112的槽底和/或第四引导槽212的槽底,在垂直于中轴线O的方向上活动。活动件20与固定件10之间靠V型的第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211及该组V型槽内的第一导向件41实现支撑及定位。由于制造公差,在将第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211对准时,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212之间可能存在一定的错位,但是由于两者中至少一者为平面槽,平面槽内的第二导向件42的位置能够沿着平面槽的槽底微调,从而解决了第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212对不准导致的第二导向件42装配困难的问题。平面槽的设置意味着平面槽的中心与其正相对的引导槽的中心允许存在一定的距离偏差,即,允许活动件20与固定件10存在一定范围内的制造公差,降低了活动件20和固定件10加工制造的精度要求,降低了加工装配成本。
在一些实施例中,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212中一者为平面槽,另一者为V型槽。第二导向件42在装配时能沿平面槽的槽底滑动微调,并能够正对着卡入V型槽,被V型槽限位,第二导向件42实现活动件20的支撑作用,在降低了加工要求的同时,还具有更易装配,提高装配效率的效果。
本实施例中,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212均为平面槽。第二导向件42在装配时能沿第三引导槽112的槽底及第四引导槽212的槽底滑动微调,即,第二导向件42能够向靠近或远离第一导向件41的方向进行微调,第二导向件42能对活动件20起到支撑作用。相比将其中一个设置为平面槽的方式,进一步降低了对于活动件20和/或固定件10的加工精度要求,特别是能够允许第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212处存在一定范围内的加工公差。
在其他一些实施例中,第一引导槽111、第二引导槽211还可以为方形槽或弧形槽,两者的具体形状并不作限制,只要能恰好卡住第一导向件41,实现支撑和定位功能即可,同理,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212也可以设置为其他形状,只要能实现支撑功能,即只要能将第二导向件42夹紧在接触面21与支撑面11之间即可。
本申请进一步对驱动组件30相关的结构进行补充。在一些实施例中,固定件10上开设有一从固定件10的外侧壁向其内侧壁贯穿的开口19,预压组件31与固定件10的外侧壁连接,预压组件31朝向活动件20的一面与致动组件32连接,致动组件32穿过该开口19抵接在活动件20上,将预压组件31与固定件10的外侧壁连接。相较将预压组件31与固定件10的内侧壁连接更便于组装,并且该布局利于保持驱动机构结构的紧凑。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31包括主体部311与固定部312,固定部312与固定件10的外侧壁连接,主体部311与致动组件32抵接,具体的,是与压电振子322,或压电振子322背向活动件20一面的压电线路板321抵接。主体部311对压电振子322施加朝向活动件20运动的力,使得压电振子322上的摩擦头323对活动件20施加一垂直于中轴线O方向的预压力P,在该预压力P的作用下,活动件20能够被摩擦头323驱动。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31为弹性结构,进一步的,弹性结构具体可以为一平面结构,如弹片。这还意味着主体部311与固定部312为一体式结构,预压组件31结构更可靠,以保证能够持续稳定的提供预压力P,该平面结构所在平面垂直预压力P方向延伸设置。
具体的,弹性结构的主体部311可以与致动组件32之间通过胶水粘接,使得压电振子322形变时,弹性结构也能发生适应性的形变,弹性结构始终抵触在致动组件32上,并对其施加预压力P。
在一些实施实例中,预压组件31还可以为一预压力板,预压力板的两端形成固定部312,预压力板的中部形成主体部311。具体的,该预压力板可以为塑胶件或金属件或其他刚性结构,例如注塑成型的硬质板体、不锈钢板、陶瓷、金刚石。或者,该预压力板包括内层结构和外层结构,内层结构可以为金属片,内层结构可以通过嵌件注塑工艺与外层结构,如塑胶形成一体式结构。
进一步的,预压组件31还包括设置在预压力板背离活动件20一侧的支撑件,支撑件可以为钢片等刚性材质,以确保压电振子322形变时预压组件31能够始终抵触致动组件32,即预压组件31直接抵触压电振子322,或通过压电线路板321间接抵触压电振子322,为摩擦头323提供预压力P。
在一些实施例中,如图13、图14所示,预压组件31包括结构件313和缓冲件314,结构件313的弹性模量大于缓冲件的弹性模量,缓冲件314一面与致动组件32贴附连接,另一面与结构件313贴附连接,结构件313与固定件10连接。
弹性模量较大的结构件313作为主要的支撑结构,能够提供刚性的支撑,结构件313提供的预压力P通过缓冲件314传递给致动组件32,使得摩擦头323在与压力作用下抵接活动件20,这个过程中,弹性模量较小的缓冲件314能够发生形变,并且能够针对不同的公差自适应地产生不同程度的收缩形变,从而使得不同公差下的压电马达的预压力P的差异变小,在活动件20、致动组件32、缓冲件314、结构件313组成的一整个接触系统中,减小由于物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力P变化,使得驱动组件30,即压电马达的一致性得以提升。
需要指出的是,缓冲件314与致动组件32连接,包括缓冲件314直接与压电振子322贴附连接,或,缓冲件314通过贴附压电线路板321与压电振子322间接连接两种情况。
进一步的,固定件10上设有一从固定件10的外侧壁向其内侧壁贯穿的开口19,结构件313与固定件10的外侧壁连接,缓冲件314及其上的致动组件32穿过该开口19抵接在活动件20上,将预压组件31与固定件10的外侧壁连接,相较将预压组件31与固定件10的内侧壁连接更便于操作,并且该布局利于保持驱动机构结构的紧凑。
能够理解的是,沿预压力P方向,也就是沿压电振子322、缓冲件314、结构件313间的安装方向上,缓冲件314及致动组件32的投影完全落在开口19内,以便缓冲件314及与之连接的致动组件32穿过该开口19抵接在活动件20上。另一方面,沿预压力P方向,结构件313的投影部分超出开口19的范围,结构件313上与超出开口19的这部分投影对应的区域与固定件10的外侧壁连接,以便将结构件313固定在固定件10上。本实施例中,结构件313沿光轴方向延伸的长度大于固定件10上的开口19沿光轴方向延伸的长度,以便通过结构件313的两端与固定件10连接,结构件313与固定件10之间至少有两个连接区域,以保证一定的连接强度,缓冲件314则相对结构件313居中设置,以使结构件313的两端能够受力对称。
更具体地,缓冲件314呈薄片状,缓冲件314包括相对设置并且互相平行的第一侧面3141和第二侧面3142,第一侧面3141适于与致动组件32贴附,第二侧面3142适于与结构件313贴附,结构件313包括与第二侧面3142对应的第三侧面3131,第三侧面3131与固定件10的外侧壁平行,从而致动组件32能够平整地贴合固定在预压组件31上,利于保持致动组件32相对活动件20和固定件10的平行度,使致动组件32被平行的设置于活动件20和固定件10之间。
在一些实施例中,结构件313与固定件10的外侧壁之间通过胶水粘接、卡接、焊接、热铆,或者紧固件连接等方式实现连接。
在一些实施例中,为使压电马达的驱动性能提升,压电振子322可以由压电陶瓷材料或压电单晶材料制成,压电振子322可以是单层陶瓷体或单层单晶体,也可以是多层陶瓷体或多层单晶体,例如,锆钛酸铅(PZT)基压电陶瓷、铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷、钛酸钡(BT)基压电陶瓷、铌镁酸铅-铌铟酸铅(PMN-PT)基压电单晶等。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323采用耐磨材料制成,例如可以采用各种高硬度耐磨陶瓷材料制成,如氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅陶瓷,或者高耐磨金属材料、碳纤维材料,或者陶瓷、金属颗粒与高分子的复合材料等,以便提高摩擦头323的耐磨性,利于提高活动件20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力F,并且由于耐磨,利于延长摩擦头323的使用寿命。
相对的,在一些实施例中,活动件20上设有耐磨部,摩擦头323抵触在耐磨部上,具体的,耐磨部可以是耐磨涂层,或装配在活动件20上的耐摩擦板29,或者是活动件20凹凸不平的表面等等能实现耐摩擦作用的结构,耐磨部的设置利于提高活动件20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力F,并且由于耐磨,利于延长使用寿命。
进一步的,当耐磨部设置为耐摩擦板29时,可以通过粘接、紧固件连接、嵌件注塑等方式固定在活动件20上,以与活动件20形成一体的受力结构,并且参照摩擦头323的材质,耐摩擦板29可以采用与摩擦头323相同或不同的耐磨材料制成。
能够理解的是,本申请对于摩擦头323及耐摩擦板29的具体形状并不作具体限制。在具体实施例 中,摩擦头323的形状可以为球体、半球体、长方体、台体、圆柱体、半圆柱体等等,耐摩擦板29可以为片状或块状。本实施例中,摩擦头323为圆柱体形状,耐摩擦板29为片状,摩擦头323与活动件20的耐磨部之间线接触,相比点接触的方式具有更大的摩擦,即更大的驱动力F,也就是说驱动效果更好。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以为一体式结构,也可以为可拆卸结构,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以通过粘接、卡接、嵌套、焊接或者紧固件连接等方式固定于压电振子322上,摩擦头323与压电振子322之间面接触,以保证连接强度,摩擦头323能随着压电振子322的形变产生明显的运动。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323的数量可以为一个,也可以为两个及以上。例如,本实施例中,压电振子322朝向活动件20的一面设有两个摩擦头323,并且两个摩擦头323沿中轴线O方向间隔设置。
本申请还能提供一种摄像模组,其包括光学镜头、感光组件,以及上述的驱动机构,光学镜头被设置于活动件20,感光组件相对光学镜头设置,由于搭载有光学镜头的活动件20能够顺畅地调节,利于实现聚焦功能或防抖功能,提高成像质量。
本申请提供一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,其包括固定框架10、活动载体20、驱动组件30及导向组件40,活动载体20与固定框架10活动连接,驱动组件30与固定框架10连接,同时抵接于活动载体20并提供一预压力P,当驱动组件30接收到一驱动信号时,能够在预压力P的作用下与活动载体20发生摩擦,从而驱动活动载体20发生运动,导向组件40则设置于固定框架10与活动载体20之间,使得固定框架10与活动载体20的相对面之间存在一固定间隙,即使得接触面21与支撑面11之间存在第一间隙113,能够减少活动载体20相对固定框架10运动时受到的摩擦力。
如图19所示,在本申请中驱动机构具有一中轴线O,活动载体20活动设置于固定框架10内并且适于沿中轴线O方向运动。
在本实施例中,活动载体20活动设置于固定框架10内,活动载体20上承载有光学镜头,光学镜头图上未示出,光学镜头具有一光轴,中轴线O的方向与光学镜头的光轴方向平行,活动载体20能够相对固定框架10沿光轴方向移动,从而带动光学镜头沿光轴方向移动实现光学对焦功能。
在其他一些实施例中,活动载体20可以是相对固定框架10沿垂直光轴的方向运动的,能够实现光学防抖功能。
在一些实施例中,如图23、图24所示,驱动组件30具体实施为压电马达,压电马达是一种响应快、驱动力大且驱动精度高的马达,可以使用在摄像模组中,具体的,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供一垂直于中轴线O方向的预压力P,使致动组件32抵接于活动载体20的一侧,进而致动组件32对活动载体20提供一驱动力F以引导活动载体20沿中轴线O方向运动。
具体的,在一些实施例中,致动组件32包括压电振子322和摩擦头323,压电振子322与预压组件31连接,摩擦头323固定在压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头323在预压力P的作用下抵接于活动载体20的侧壁,即摩擦头323与预压组件31分别被设置于压电振子322相对的两侧。通过压电振子322的高频微幅振动,使得摩擦头323发生运动,并通过摩擦头323与活动载体20外侧壁之间的摩擦,实现驱动活动载体20沿中轴线O方向做直线运动,也就是说,驱动力F其实可以理解为摩擦头323对活动载体20施加的摩擦力。
在一些实施例中,致动组件32还包括压电线路板321,压电线路板321具体为柔性电路板,即FPC,压电线路板321与压电振子322连接,以为压电振子322供电,具体的,压电线路板321可以设置于压电振子322背向活动载体20的一面,压电线路板321可以设置在压电振子322与预压组件31之间。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31设置于压电振子322背向活动载体20的一面,以便对设置于压电振子322朝向活动载体20一面的摩擦头323提供朝向活动载体20挤压的预压力P。
导向组件40设置于活动载体20与固定框架10之间,导向组件40一侧与固定框架10抵接,另一侧与活动载体20抵接,并对活动载体20施加垂直于中轴线O方向的支撑力N。若活动载体20与固定框架10之间面接触,则活动载体20移动时将受到较大的摩擦阻力,影响驱动效果。导向组件40可以改变活动载体20与固定框架10间的接触方式,例如点接触、线接触,减少了活动载体20与固定框架10之间的摩 擦接触的面积,利于减少活动载体20相对固定框架10移动时受到的摩擦力。
应可以理解,在本申请的一个实施例中,如图20、图22所示,导向组件40可以被实施为滚珠43,两侧的导向组件40分别包括至少一个滚珠43,多个滚珠43被夹持于活动载体20和固定框架10之间,滚珠43与活动载体20、固定框架10之间均为点接触。在本申请的另一个实施例中,考虑到1)滚珠43与活动载体20、固定框架10之间均为点接触,当活动载体20产生倾斜时,活动载体20与滚珠43之间可能产生较大的倾角,导致滚珠43卡死,发生滑动摩擦;2)滚珠43在运动时会在滚动状态和滑动状态之间不稳定地切换,增加了活动载体20卡死的风险;3)活动载体20与滚珠43脱落,或,滚珠43与活动载体20及固定框架10间因摩擦、撞击或其他原因产生的碎屑可能导致滚珠43卡死,进而导致活动载体20卡死。这些情况都会使得活动载体20无法继续移动,影响对焦效果。为此,导向组件40可以被实施为导杆44,图22中以虚线示意,导杆44被夹持于活动载体20和固定框架10之间,导杆44与活动载体20和固定框架10之间为线接触,相比滚珠43减少了卡死的风险。
能够理解的是,如图18所示,压电振子322是通过形变使摩擦头323发生运动的,而压电振子322形变时,摩擦头323与活动载体20的抵接面之间的角度随之变化,导致预压力P难以始终垂直作用于活动载体20的侧壁,而是在一定情况下相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面具有一定倾斜,同时,当预压组件31的硬度较小时,预压组件31可能会由于压电振子322的形变产生一定程度的弯曲,导致预压力P的方向相对于抵接面的角度发生变化,也就是说,在一定情况下,预压力P的方向相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面是倾斜的,这些情况下,致动组件32驱动活动载体20运动时,易引发活动载体20倾斜。
尤其是,在一些实施例中,如图17所示,导向组件40被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处,此时固定框架10通过导向组件40对活动载体20施加的支撑力N与预压力P反向,两个力配合将活动载体20夹在导向组件40与固定框架10之间,活动载体20得以在致动组件32的驱动力F的作用下沿中轴线O方向运动,即,驱动组件30与导向组件40配合引导活动载体20沿中轴线O方向运动。从俯视角度看,被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处的导向组件40与致动组件32在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置。致动组件32与活动载体20摩擦接触的中心位置到被设置于两个对角位置处的导向组件40的连线的距离为力臂x,活动载体20位于对角的倾覆力矩M的大小与力臂x的大小正相关,三点设置的方式使得力臂x及倾覆力矩M较大,当活动载体20被致动组件32驱动沿中轴线O方向移动时,活动载体20会产生较大的倾角,造成活动载体20倾斜,影响光学对焦的速度和效果。此外,在这种导向组件40设置于对角的结构中,两个对角的导向组件40可能会产生不确定的摩擦力,造成活动载体20的移动行程和移动速度不达标,而且,对角的导向组件40可能会对驱动组件30产生挤压,造成活动载体20运动时受导向组件40的摩擦力增大。
进一步的,导向组件40实施为滚珠43时,有可能造成活动载体20与滚珠43之间卡死,或者活动载体20与滚珠43脱落等情况,使得活动载体20无法继续移动,影响对焦效果。当然,当导向组件40被实施为导杆44时,情况会比滚珠43好一些,但同样活动载体20倾斜也会影响光学对焦的效果。
为解决上述问题,本申请将导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动载体20的同一侧,相比于两个导向组件40和致动组件32的摩擦头323在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置,导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动载体20同一侧的设置方式使得致动组件32的摩擦头323到两个导向组件40之间的连线的距离减小,即x变小,从而力矩M变小。当活动载体20被致动组件32驱动沿中轴线O的方向移动时,活动载体20的倾角较小,使得活动载体20倾斜的风险降低,避免影响光学对焦效果。
但不可避免的是,在预压力P倾斜的情况下,由于组装间隙的存在,活动载体20依旧有发生倾斜的可能性,这里,组装间隙是指为使活动载体20和导向组件40可以被组装于固定框架10中而预留的间隙,即固定框架10与活动载体20之间的间隙,通过该组装间隙,使活动载体20和导向组件40可以被组装于固定框架10,但也留出了活动载体20倾斜的空间。以及在一些情况下,由于固定框架10、活动载体20、导向组件40存在制造公差,及加工装配过程中的其他一些因素的影响,导向组件40与固定框架10、活动载体20之间的装配可能不够紧密,导致活动载体20有更大的倾斜可能性。一旦活动载体20倾斜到一定程度,导向组件40依旧会被卡在活动载体20与固定框架10之间,造成活动载体20无法移动以实现光学对焦功能。
为此,本申请又改进驱动机构的结构,提出一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构:如图19至图35所示,其包括固定框架10、活动载体20、驱动组件30、导向组件40及至少一组磁吸组件50,固定框架10包括支撑面11,活动载体20被可活动地设置于固定框架10,活动载体20包括接触面21,支撑面11与接 触面21相对设置,导向组件40位于支撑面11与接触面21之间,以使得支撑面11与接触面21之间保持第一间隙113,驱动组件30与固定框架10连接,同时抵接于活动载体20并向活动载体20施加一预压力P,预压力P使得接触面21具备远离支撑面11的趋势,磁吸组件50包括第一磁吸件52和第二磁吸件51,第一磁吸件52被设置于固定框架10上,第二磁吸件51被设置于活动载体20上,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51之间相互作用对活动载体20施加一磁吸力,该作用于活动载体20的磁吸力的方向与预压力P的方向相反,并且该磁吸力大于预压力P,以将活动载体20的接触面21吸附向固定框架10的支撑面11,导向组件40得以被夹持在支撑面11和接触面21之间,即,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51可以相互吸引产生足够大的磁吸力,使得接触面21、支撑面11保持与导向组件40抵接,进而保持接触面21与支撑面11平行。
其中,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51之间相互作用对活动载体20施加一磁吸力可以理解为:第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51之间力的作用是相互的,第一磁吸件52对第二磁吸件51产生作用力的同时,也受到了来自第二磁吸件51的反作用力,而本申请中“磁吸力”一词泛指第一磁吸件52对第二磁吸件51的作用力,由于第二磁吸件51固定在活动载体20上,因此第一磁吸件52对第二磁吸件51的作用力被施加到活动载体20上,也就是第一磁吸件52对活动载体20施加的作用力。
磁吸组件50的磁吸力使得活动载体20的接触面21具有朝向固定框架10的支撑面11运动的趋势,从而接触面21与支撑面11能够配合将导向组件40夹紧,并且夹持稳定可靠,实现了固定框架10、活动载体20、导向组件40三者之间的紧密装配。由于磁吸力与预压力P方向相反,并且磁吸力大于预压力P,磁吸力能够使得活动载体20通过导向组件40被平行地支撑于固定框架10上,即使在预压力P倾斜的情况下,磁吸力也能抵消倾斜的预压力P的影响,保持活动载体20与固定框架10的相对面相互平行;当活动载体20在驱动组件30的预压力P作用下发生倾斜时,磁吸力能够作用于活动载体20使得活动载体20的位置被及时的修正,进而维持支撑面11与接触面21间的相互平行,即,降低了活动载体20移动时发生倾斜的风险,减少了导向组件40卡死的风险,特别是解决了导向组件40为滚珠43时存在的难以滚动、卡死的问题,活动载体20得以平稳地沿驱动组件30的中轴线O方向运动,并且磁吸组件50结构简单,使用成本低。
需要补充的是,在一些实施例中,当导向组件40设为多个导向件时,由于磁吸组件50的作用,支撑面11与接触面21能夹紧每一个导向件,利于提高不同导向件间的平行度,从而减小驱动机构的组装公差,保证了驱动机构的稳定运行。
进一步的,基于设置了磁吸组件50阻碍、修正活动载体20的倾斜的情况下,本申请将导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动载体20的同一侧。
而在本实施例中,导向组件40与驱动组件30设置在活动载体20的同一侧具体实施为:固定框架10具有第一框架侧部12,活动载体20具有第一载体侧部22,第一框架侧部12与第一载体侧部22相对设置,第一框架侧部12的内表面形成支撑面11,第一载体侧部22的外表面形成接触面21,导向组件40及驱动组件30均设置于第一框架侧部12与第一载体侧部22之间,从图21可以看出,导向组件40与驱动组件30基本处于同一直线设置,此时摩擦头323到两个导向组件40之间的连线的距离,即x,远小于两个导向组件40设置在活动载体20两个对角时的x,即力矩M变小,使得活动载体20倾斜的风险大大降低,避免影响光学对焦效果。
能够理解的是,本实施例中,预压力P使得第一载体侧部22具有远离第一框架侧部12的运动趋势,即使得接触面21具备远离支撑面11的趋势,而磁吸力作用于活动载体20上,活动载体20得以克服预压力P,使第一载体侧部22具有向第一框架侧部12靠拢的运动趋势,即将活动载体20的接触面21吸附向固定框架10的支撑面11,导向组件40得以被夹持在支撑面11和接触面21之间,对活动载体20进行支撑。
在本实施例中,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供预压力P,使致动组件32的摩擦头323抵接于第一载体侧部22的外表面,并将预压力P作用于第一载体侧部22的外表面。在一个具体示例中,压电线路板321被设置在压电振子322与预压组件31之间,预压组件31被固定于固定框架10,压电振子322通过预压组件31提供的预压力被抵接于活动载体20的一侧。
而导向组件40包括第一导向件41和第二导向件42,第一导向件41、第二导向件42分别设置于驱动组件30的两侧,从而减低活动载体20相对框架绕光轴旋转的风险。
在一些实施例中,如图25-图27所示,活动载体20和固定框架10基本呈方形,活动载体20和固 定框架10的整体形状规整,便于加工,具体的,活动载体20包括依次相连的第一载体侧部22、第二载体侧部23、第三载体侧部24、第四载体侧部25,固定框架10包括一一对应的第一框架侧部12、第二框架侧部13、第三框架侧部14、第四框架侧部15,驱动组件30设置在第一载体侧部22和第一框架侧部12之间,并且居中设置,第一导向件41、第二导向件42同样设置在第一载体侧部22和第一框架侧部12之间,第一导向件41设置在驱动组件30相对靠近第四载体侧部25的一侧,第二导向件42设置在驱动组件30相对靠近第二载体侧部23的一侧,并且第一导向件41、第二导向件42被分别对称地设置在驱动组件30的两侧,以保持活动载体20的两侧受力平衡,减少活动载体20转动的风险。当然,本申请中活动载体20及固定框架10的形状包括但并不限于方形。
在一些实施例中,如图27所示,驱动组件30、导向组件40及磁吸组件50均设置在活动载体20的同一侧,对活动载体20施力的几个结构设置的相对集中,利于保持结构紧凑。
进一步的,本实施例中,第一磁吸件52设置于第一框架侧部12上,第二磁吸件51设置于第一载体侧部22上,第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51间的间隔距离较小,利于两者相互作用产生较强的磁吸力。
在一些实施例中,磁吸组件50包括相对驱动组件30设置的第一组磁吸组件54和第二组磁吸组件55,第一组磁吸组件54和第二组磁吸组件55分别设置于驱动组件30的两侧,能分别从驱动组件30的两侧向活动载体20提供磁吸力,磁吸力作用效果更好。
在一些实施例中,磁吸组件50与导向组件40相邻设置,具体的,第一组磁吸组件54与第一导向件41相邻设置,第二组磁吸组件55与第二导向件42相邻设置,磁吸力与导向组件40之间的间隔距离相对较小,磁吸力能够比较直接地作用在导向组件40处,利于接触面21与支撑面11分别从两侧夹紧导向组件40保持活动载体20的平行。
在一具体实施例中,如图27所示,第一组磁吸组件54设置于第一导向件41远离驱动组件30的一侧,第二组磁吸件55设置于第二导向件42远离驱动组件30的一侧。进一步地,在一个具体示例中,第一导向件41位于第一组磁吸组件54和驱动组件30的中间,第二导向件42位于第二组磁吸件55和驱动组件30的中间,也就是,第一导向件41离第一组磁吸组件54的距离和离驱动组件30的距离相等,第二导向件42离第二组磁吸件的距离55和驱动组件30的距离相等,这样可以使驱动机构中力的分布更均衡,使驱动机构更稳定。
在又一具体实施例中,如图33所示,第一组磁吸组件54设置于第一导向件41与驱动组件30之间,第二组磁吸件设置于第二导向件42与驱动组件30之间。
在另一具体实施例中,如图34所示,沿平行于预压力P的方向,第一组磁吸组件54内的第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置在第一导向件41的两侧,第二组磁吸组件55内的第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置在第二导向件42的两侧,第一组磁吸组件54的第一磁吸件52与第二磁吸件51相互吸引,第二组磁吸组件55内的第一磁吸件52和第二磁吸件51相互吸引。即第一组磁吸组件54和第一导向件41共线设置、第二组磁吸组件55和第二导向件42共线设置,利于将磁吸力直接作用于导向组件40,从而夹紧导向组件40。
在其他一些实施例中,磁吸组件50与驱动组件30相邻设置,并且仅设为一对。例如,本申请还能再提供一种具体实施例,与上述三种具体实施例不同,该实施例中,如图35所示,磁吸组件50设为一组,并且沿预压力P的方向,该组磁吸组件50中的第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置于驱动组件30的两侧,换句话说,磁吸力与预压力P共线并且方向相反,不必担心两侧的磁吸力不相等造成的活动载体20向其中一侧倾斜,磁吸力部分被预压力P抵消后,作用在活动载体20,使得活动载体20得以克服预压力P向靠近第一框架侧部12的方向靠拢,从而将导向组件40夹在支撑面11与接触面21之间。
在上述四种具体实施例中,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供预压力P,使致动组件32的摩擦头323抵接于第一载体侧部22的外表面,并将预压力P作用于活动载体20。
进一步的,磁吸组件50设为两组时,第一组磁吸组件54、第二组磁吸组件55关于驱动组件30的中轴线O对称设置,并且第一组磁吸组件54产生的磁吸力与第二组磁吸组件55产生的磁吸力大小相等,以向活动载体20的两侧提供对等的磁吸力,避免活动载体20因为两侧磁吸力大小不同而向其中一侧倾斜,从而避免影响光学对焦和/或光学防抖效果。
而当磁吸组件50仅设为一组时,作为改进的,预压组件31形成第一磁吸件52,换句话说,第一磁吸件52还可以作为预压组件31的一部分,这样,可以减少零组件的数量,还适于缩小整个驱动机构的尺寸。
能够理解的是,在一些实施例中,第一磁吸件52为具有磁吸力的磁体,第二磁吸件51为适于被磁体吸附的物体。
在另一些实施例中,第二磁吸件51为具有磁吸力的磁体,例如永磁体,第一磁吸件52为适于被磁体吸附的物体。
其中,磁体可以是金属合金永磁,例如钕铁硼永磁、铝镍钴永磁,或铁氧体永磁,或稀土永磁,适于被磁体吸附的物体包括但不限于磁体和金属片,如使用成本较低的铁片,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52相互吸引即可,其具体材质并不做限定。
预压组件31上的第一磁吸件52可以设为适于被磁体吸附的物体,活动载体20上的第二磁吸件51设为磁体,磁体直接与预压组件31磁吸产生磁吸力。预压组件31及第一磁吸件52的具体结构将在下文进一步解释说明。
第二磁吸件51的中部与摩擦头323相对设置,避免磁吸力相对预压力P偏心导致活动载体20绕光轴旋转倾斜。
值得一提的是,在一些实施例中,本申请还考虑到活动载体20是能相对固定框架10运动的,为了使得活动载体20运动过程中,第二磁吸件51与第一磁吸件52之间始终存在一定的磁吸力作用,第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51相互平行设置,并且两者均沿活动载体20的运动方向延伸设置,这样的结构设置使得磁吸力垂直活动载体20的运动方向,换句话说,磁吸力垂直于导向组件40与活动载体20间的抵接面,即接触面21,从而减少活动载体20倾斜的风险。
进一步的,如图28所示,沿活动载体20的运动方向,即沿中轴线O方向,第一磁吸件52的长度为L,第二磁吸件51的长度为Y,L>Y,从而当活动载体20相对框架移动后,第一磁吸件52和第二磁吸件51之间的磁吸力仍可以是垂直于接触面21的。
更进一步的,活动载体20在驱动组件30的驱动下的行程范围为D,L≥Y+D。以使在驱动组件30的驱动过程中,磁吸力可以保持垂直接触面21的状态。
这里需要特别指出的是,固定框架10的尺寸是大于活动载体20的,特别是固定框架10沿中轴线O的延伸长度,是大于活动载体20沿中轴线O的延伸长度的,因此,具体实施例中,L≥Y+D的设置更合理,而Y≥L+D的可能性较小。
进一步的,在一些实施例中,第一磁吸件52和/或第二磁吸件51为磁体,驱动机构还包括磁感应件53,磁感应件53相对至少一磁体设置,从而通过感应磁场变化以判断活动载体20的位置。例如,当活动载体20上的第二磁吸件51为磁体时,则磁感应件53可以相对第二磁吸件51设置在固定框架10上,以便能够检测到磁场的变化。
本实施例中,如图27所示,沿平行于预压力P的方向,磁感应件53与第二磁吸件51正相对设置,第二磁吸件51为磁体,当活动载体20发生移动时,磁感应件53与磁体间的相对位置发生变化,磁感应件53感应到的磁场强弱发生变化,从而能够判断活动载体20的当前位置,便于控制驱动组件30对活动载体20的位置进行调整。
具体的,磁感应件53为霍尔感应式传感器,或磁电感应式传感器,或磁阻效应传感器,如利用隧道磁阻效应的磁敏感元件TMR,或集成有磁感应功能的芯片,或其他能够感应磁场变化的元件。
在一些实施例中,磁感应件53设为一个,相对磁吸组件50其中的某个磁体设置,在又一些实施例中,磁感应件53设有两个,分别相对第一组磁吸组件54、第二组磁吸组件55中的磁体设置。
磁感应件53具体可以固定在第一载体侧部22或第一框架上,还可以设置在第二载体侧部23,或第四载体侧部25,或第二框架侧部13,或第四框架侧部15上,只要能够与磁吸组件50中的磁体相对设置以感应磁场变化即可。
更加具体的,第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51、磁感应件53能够分别通过注塑、插接、卡接、粘 接、焊接等等连接方式实现固定在对应的活动载体20或固定框架10上。
在一具体实施例中,第一磁吸件52被贴附固定于第一框架侧部12的外表面,第二磁吸件51设置在第一载体侧部22的外表面,活动载体20的第一载体侧部22上设有第一安装槽263,第二磁吸件51安装在第一安装槽263内,第二磁吸件51不占用额外的空间,利于保持结构紧凑,并且受第一安装槽263的遮挡保护。其中,第一安装槽263可以是沿光轴方向贯穿第一载体侧部22两端的通槽,也可以是沿光轴方向两端封闭的槽。
第二磁吸件51的连接方式,以及用安装槽连接时,第一安装槽263的形状、槽深、槽宽等都能够根据第二磁吸件51及第一载体侧部22的具体结构进行适应性调整,第一磁吸件52同理。能够理解的是,当使用在第一载体侧壁的外表面开设安装槽的方式固定连接第二磁吸件51时,需要避开导向组件40,避免影响到第一载体侧壁上的接触面21与导向组件40之间的抵接,当使用注塑工艺将第二磁吸件51嵌入在第一载体侧部22时,或,第二磁吸件51是从第一载体侧部22沿光轴方向的两端插入进第一载体侧部22时,则,第二磁吸件51的设置不必避开导向组件40,第一磁吸件52相对导向组件40的设置位置同理。
第一磁吸件52、第二磁吸件51分别设置为规则的块状或片状,结构简单易加工成型,并且便于开设对应形状的安装槽。
相似的,在一些实施例中,活动载体20或固定框架10上设有第二安装槽,磁感应件53设置在第二安装槽内。一是能够对磁感应元件进行遮挡保护,二是磁感应件53不必占用额外的空间,利于保持整个驱动机构的结构紧凑。
作为改进的,在一些实施例中,如图25-图27所示,固定框架10设有内凸部16,内凸部16自固定框架10的内侧壁向内侧凸出形成,活动载体20设有外凸部26,外凸部26自活动载体20的外侧壁向外侧凸出形成,外凸部26与内凸部16相对设置,两者之间形成第二间隙191,第二间隙191的宽度小于活动载体20与固定框架10间其他间隙的宽度,从而,当驱动组件30受到外力影响而使得活动载体20相对框架发生倾斜时,由于第二间隙191较小,内凸部16与外凸部26之间相互撞击以防止活动载体20的倾斜程度进一步增加而使整个驱动机构失效。需要指出的是,此处向内侧凸出可以理解为向靠近驱动组件30或中轴线O的方向凸出,也可以理解为向靠近光轴的方向凸出,向外侧凸出则正好相反。
本实施例中,外凸部26及内凸部16分别设置为两个,外凸部26包括第一外凸部261与第二外凸部262,内凸部16包括第一内凸部161与第二内凸部162,其中第一外凸部261与第一内凸部161相对设置,并设置在驱动组件30的一侧,第二外凸部262与第二内凸部162相对设置,并设置在驱动组件30的另一侧,两组相互匹配的外凸部26和内凸部16分别从驱动组件30的两侧对活动载体20的倾斜起到限制作用。
更具体的,固定框架10包括分别设置于第一框架侧部12两端的第二框架侧部13和第四框架侧部15,第二框架侧部13的内表面及第四框架侧部15的内表面分别向内侧凸出形成内凸部16,活动载体20包括分别设置于第一载体侧部22两端的第二载体侧部23和第四载体侧部25,第二载体侧部23的外表面和第四载体侧部25的外表面分别向外侧凸出形成外凸部26,外凸部26位于内凸部16与支撑面11之间,外凸部26背向接触面21的一侧与内凸部16朝向支撑面11的一侧之间具有第二间隙191,第二间隙191的宽度小于活动载体20与固定框架10间其他间隙的宽度,例如小于接触面21与支撑面11间的第一间隙113的宽度、或第三载体侧部24与第三框架侧部14之间的间隙。从而,当驱动组件30受到外力影响而使得活动载体20相对框架发生倾斜时,由于第二间隙191较小,外凸部26背向接触面21的一侧与内凸部16朝向支撑面11的一侧之间先于活动载体20与固定框架10之间其他的相对面发生抵触,也就是说,内凸部16与外凸部26之间相互撞击以防止活动载体20的倾斜程度进一步增加而使整个驱动机构失效。需要说明的是,此处外力影响包括但不限于预压组件31设为弹片时发生弯曲导致预压力P倾斜的情况。
进一步的,固定框架10设有外凹部17,外凹部17自固定框架10的第二框架侧部13的内表面及第四框架侧部15的内表面分别向外侧凹陷形成,外凹部17与内凸部16相连并配合形成第二凹槽18,外凸部26适于插入第二凹槽18。对应的,活动载体20设有内凹部27,内凹部27自活动载体20的第二载体侧部23的外表面和第四载体侧部25的外表面分别向内侧凹陷形成,外凸部26与内凹部27相连并配合形成第一凹槽28,内凸部16适于插入第一凹槽28。内凹部27与外凹部17的设置,利于缩小驱动机构在垂直光轴及垂直预压力P的方向上延伸的尺寸,保持结构紧凑。其中,向内侧凹陷可以理解为向靠近驱动组件30或中轴线O的方向凹陷,也可以理解为向靠近光轴的方向凹陷,向外侧凹陷则正好相反。
外凹部17包括与第一内凸部161相连的第一外凹部171,及与第二内凸部162相连的第二外凹部172,第一外凹部171与第一内凸部161形成第二凹槽一181,第二外凹部172与第二内凸部162形成第二凹槽二182,第一外凸部261适于插入第二凹槽一181,第二外凸部262适于插入第二凹槽二182。内凹部27包括与第一外凸部261相连的第一内凹部271,及与第二外凸部262相连的第二内凹部272,第一内凹部271与第一外凸部261形成第一凹槽一281,第二内凹部272与第二外凸部262形成第一凹槽二282,第一内凸部161适于插入第一凹槽一281,第二内凸部162适于插入第一凹槽二282。
在一些实施例中,结合图29、图30所示,支撑面11、接触面21上分别设有沿平行于中轴线O方向延伸的引导槽,导向组件40沿平行于中轴线O的方向延伸设置,并被两侧的引导槽夹持限位。能够理解的是,导向组件40是持续被夹持在两侧的引导槽中的,在活动载体20沿中轴线O方向运动的时候,导向组件40被活动载体20带动,并在引导槽的引导下沿平行于中轴线O的方向运动。在这个运动过程中,导向组件40与两侧的引导槽配合,能对活动载体20的运动方向起到一定限定,避免活动载体20相对中轴线O倾斜,引导活动载体20沿中轴线O运动。
在一些实施例中,支撑面11上间隔设有第一引导槽111和第三引导槽112,接触面21上设有对应的第二引导槽211和第四引导槽212。第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211配合将第一导向件41夹持在内,并引导第一导向件41沿中轴线O方向活动,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212配合将第二导向件42夹持在内,第一导向件41和第二导向件42保持支撑面11和接触面21的平行。
在一些实施例中,第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211为一组槽口相向的V型槽,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212为一组槽口相向的V型槽。第一导向件41、第二导向件42分别从驱动组件30的两侧对活动载体20进行支撑,与两组引导槽配合引导活动载体20沿中轴线O方向运动,换句话说,第一导向件41、第二导向件42对活动载体20起到支撑和定位作用。
但是考虑到如果将第一引导槽111至第四引导槽212全设为V型槽,那么由于活动载体20和/或固定框架10存在一定的制造公差,引导槽的实际位置与预设点位之间存在一定偏移。装配时将其中一组引导槽的V型开口192对准后,另一对引导槽之间可能存在错位,难以对准,导致第一导向件41、第二导向件42中的一者难以安装进错位的两个引导槽之间。也就是说,将引导槽全设为V型槽要求较高的加工精度,加工成本较高。
为此,在一些实施例中对引导槽的形状进行改进,以使第二导向件42能够沿着第三引导槽112的槽底和/或第四引导槽212的槽底,在垂直于中轴线O的方向上活动。
具体的,本实施例中,第一引导槽111、第二引导槽211为槽口相向设置的V型槽,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212槽口相向设置,并且其中的至少一个为平面槽,平面槽具有平行于支撑面11的槽底,以允许其内的第二导向件42能够沿着第三引导槽112的槽底和/或第四引导槽212的槽底,在垂直于中轴线O的方向上活动。活动载体20与固定框架10之间靠V型的第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211及该组V型槽内的第一导向件41实现支撑及定位。由于制造公差,在将第一引导槽111和第二引导槽211对准时,第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212之间可能存在一定的错位,但是由于两者中至少一者为平面槽,平面槽内的第二导向件42的位置能够沿着平面槽的槽底微调,从而解决了第三引导槽112和第四引导槽212对不准导致的第二导向件42装配困难的问题。平面槽的设置意味着平面槽的中心与其正相对的引导槽的中心允许存在一定的距离偏差,即,允许活动载体20与固定框架10存在一定范围内的制造公差,降低了活动载体20和固定框架10加工制造的精度要求,降低了加工装配成本。
在一些实施例中,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212中一者为平面槽,另一者为V型槽。第二导向件42在装配时能沿平面槽的槽底滑动微调,并能够正对着卡入V型槽,被V型槽限位,第二导向件42实现活动载体20的支撑作用,在降低了加工要求的同时,还具有更易装配,提高装配效率的效果。
本实施例中,第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212均为平面槽。第二导向件42在装配时能沿第三引导槽112的槽底及第四引导槽212的槽底滑动微调,即,第二导向件42能够向靠近或远离第一导向件41的方向进行微调,第二导向件42能对活动载体20起到支撑作用。相比将其中一个设置为平面槽的方式,进一步降低了对于活动载体20和/或固定框架10的加工精度要求,特别是能够允许第三引导槽112、第四引导槽212处存在一定范围内的加工公差。
在其他一些实施例中,第一引导槽111、第二引导槽211还可以为方形槽或弧形槽,两者的具体形状并不作限制,只要能恰好卡住第一导向件41,实现支撑和定位功能即可,同理,第三引导槽112、第四 引导槽212也可以设置为其他形状,只要能实现支撑功能,即只要能将第二导向件42夹紧在接触面21与支撑面11之间即可。
在一些实施例中,如图22所示,导向组件40被实施为滚珠43,两侧的导向组件40分别包括至少一个滚珠43,多个滚珠43被夹持于活动载体20和固定框架10之间。在另一些实施例中,导向组件40被实施为导杆44,图22中以虚线示意,导杆44被夹持于活动载体20和固定框架10之间,导杆44与活动载体20和固定框架10之间为线接触,相比滚珠43与活动载体20和固定框架10之间为点接触的结构更不容易卡死。
本申请进一步对驱动组件30相关的结构进行细化补充。在一些实施例中,第一框架侧部12上开设有一从外表面向内表面贯穿的开口192,预压组件31与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接,预压组件31朝向活动载体20的一面与致动组件32连接,致动组件32穿过该开口192抵接在活动载体20的第一载体侧部22上,将预压组件31与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接。相较于将预压组件31与第一框架侧部12的内表面连接更便于组装,并且该布局利于缩减第一框架侧部12和第一载体侧部22之间的间隙,保持驱动机构结构的紧凑。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31包括主体部311与固定部312,固定部312与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接,主体部311与致动组件32抵接,具体的,是与压电振子322,或压电振子322背向活动载体20一面的压电线路板321抵接。主体部311对压电振子322施加朝向活动载体20运动的力,使得压电振子322上的摩擦头323对活动载体20施加一垂直于中轴线O方向的预压力P,在该预压力P的抵接下,活动载体20能够被摩擦头323驱动。
在一些实施例中,预压组件31为弹性结构,进一步的,弹性结构具体可以为一平面结构,如弹片。这还意味着主体部311与固定部312为一体式结构,预压组件31结构更可靠,以保证能够持续稳定的提供预压力P,该平面结构所在平面垂直预压力P方向延伸设置。
具体的,弹性结构的主体部311可以与致动组件32之间通过胶水粘接,使得压电振子322形变时,弹性结构也能发生适应性的形变,弹性结构始终抵触在致动组件32上,并对其施加预压力P。
在一些实施实例中,预压组件31还可以为一预压力板,预压力板的两端形成固定部312,预压力板的中部形成主体部311。具体的,该预压力板可以为塑胶件或金属件或其他刚性结构,例如注塑成型的硬质板体、不锈钢板、陶瓷、金刚石。或者,该预压力板包括内层结构和外层结构,内层结构可以为金属片,内层结构可以通过嵌件注塑工艺与外层结构,如塑胶形成一体式结构。
进一步的,预压组件31还包括设置在预压力板背离活动载体20一侧的支撑件,支撑件可以为钢片等刚性材质,以确保压电振子322形变时预压组件31能够始终抵触致动组件32,即预压组件31直接抵触压电振子322,或通过压电线路板321间接抵触压电振子322,为摩擦头323提供预压力P。
在一些实施例中,如图31、图32所示,预压组件31包括结构件313和缓冲件314,结构件313的弹性模量大于缓冲件314的弹性模量,缓冲件314一面与致动组件32贴附连接,另一面与结构件313贴附连接,结构件313与固定框架10连接。
弹性模量较大的结构件313作为主要的支撑结构,能够提供刚性的支撑,结构件313提供的预压力P通过缓冲件314传递给致动组件32,使得摩擦头323在与压力作用下抵接活动载体20,这个过程中,弹性模量较小的缓冲件314能够发生形变,并且能够针对不同的公差自适应地产生不同程度的收缩形变,从而使得不同公差下的压电马达的预压力P的差异变小,在活动载体20、致动组件32、缓冲件314、结构件313组成的一整个接触系统中,减小由于物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力P变化,使得驱动组件30,即压电马达的一致性得以提升。
需要指出的是,缓冲件314与致动组件32连接,包括缓冲件314直接与压电振子322贴附连接,或,缓冲件314通过贴附压电线路板321与压电振子322间接连接两种情况。
进一步的,固定框架10上设有一从第一框架侧部12的外表面向其内表面贯穿的开口192,结构件313与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接,缓冲件314及其上的致动组件32穿过该开口192抵接在活动载体20上,将预压组件31与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接,相较将预压组件31与第一框架侧部12的内表面连接更便于操作,并且该布局利于保持驱动机构结构的紧凑。
能够理解的是,沿预压力P方向,也就是沿压电振子322、缓冲件314、结构件313间的安装方向上,缓冲件314及致动组件32的投影完全落在开口192内,以便缓冲件314及与之连接的致动组件32穿过该开口192抵接在活动载体20上。另一方面,沿预压力P方向,结构件313的投影部分超出开口192的范围,结构件313上与超出开口192的这部分投影对应的区域与第一框架侧部12的外表面连接,以便将结构件313固定在固定框架10上。本实施例中,结构件313沿光轴方向延伸的长度大于固定框架10上的开口192沿光轴方向延伸的长度,以便通过结构件313的两端与固定框架10连接,结构件313与固定框架10之间至少有两个连接区域,以保证一定的连接强度,缓冲件314则相对结构件313居中设置,以使结构件313的两端能够受力对称。
更具体地,缓冲件314呈薄片状,缓冲件314包括相对设置并且互相平行的第一侧面3141和第二侧面3142,第一侧面3141适于与致动组件32贴附,第二侧面3142适于与结构件313贴附,结构件313包括与第二侧面3142对应的第三侧面3131,第三侧面3131与第一框架侧部12的外表面平行,从而致动组件32能够平整地贴合固定在预压组件31上,利于保持致动组件32相对活动载体20和固定框架10的平行度,使致动组件32被平行的设置于活动载体20和固定框架10之间。
在一些实施例中,结构件313与第一框架侧部12的外表面之间通过胶水粘接、卡接、焊接、热铆,或者紧固件连接等方式实现连接。
作为补充的,上文的预压组件31形成第一磁吸件52的具体实施方式包括但不限于:1)预压组件31为弹片,弹片为适于被磁体吸附的材质;2)预压组件31包括预压力板和支撑件,预压力板和/或支撑件为适于被磁体吸附的材质;3)预压组件31包括结构件313和缓冲件314,结构件313为适于被磁体吸附的材质。能够理解的是,这三种情况下,第二磁吸件51为磁体,磁体吸附预压组件31。
在一些实施例中,为使压电马达的驱动性能提升,压电振子322可以由压电陶瓷材料或压电单晶材料制成,压电振子322可以是单层陶瓷体或单层单晶体,也可以是多层陶瓷体或多层单晶体,例如,锆钛酸铅(PZT)基压电陶瓷、铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷、钛酸钡(BT)基压电陶瓷、铌镁酸铅-铌铟酸铅(PMN-PT)基压电单晶等。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323采用耐磨材料制成,例如可以采用各种高硬度耐磨陶瓷材料制成,如氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅陶瓷,或者高耐磨金属材料、碳纤维材料,或者陶瓷、金属颗粒与高分子的复合材料等,以便提高摩擦头323的耐磨性,利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力F,并且由于耐磨,利于延长摩擦头323的使用寿命。
相对的,在一些实施例中,活动载体20上设有耐磨部,摩擦头323抵触在耐磨部上,具体的,耐磨部可以是耐磨涂层,或装配在活动载体20上的耐摩擦板29,或者是活动载体20凹凸不平的表面等等能实现耐摩擦作用的结构,耐磨部的设置利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力F,并且由于耐磨,利于延长使用寿命。
进一步的,当耐磨部设置为耐摩擦板29时,可以通过粘接、紧固件连接、嵌件注塑等方式固定在活动载体20上,以与活动载体20形成一体的受力结构,并且参照摩擦头323的材质,耐摩擦板29可以采用与摩擦头323相同或不同的耐磨材料制成。
能够理解的是,本申请对于摩擦头323及耐摩擦板29的具体形状并不作具体限制。在具体实施例中,摩擦头323的形状可以为球体、半球体、长方体、台体、圆柱体、半圆柱体等等,耐摩擦板29可以为片状或块状。本实施例中,摩擦头323为圆柱体形状,耐摩擦板29为片状,摩擦头323与活动载体20的耐磨部之间线接触,相比点接触的方式具有更大的摩擦,即更大的驱动力F,也就是说驱动效果更好。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以为一体式结构,也可以为可拆卸结构,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以通过粘接、卡接、嵌套、焊接或者紧固件连接等方式固定于压电振子322上,摩擦头323与压电振子322之间面接触,以保证连接强度,摩擦头323能随着压电振子322的形变产生明显的运动。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323的数量可以为一个,也可以为两个及以上。例如,本实施例中,压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面设有两个摩擦头323,并且两个摩擦头323沿中轴线O方向间隔设置。
应可以理解,在本申请的一些实施例中,在沿驱动组件30的驱动方向上,压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面设有至少两个摩擦头323,从而增加驱动行程。并且,由于在压电振子322朝向活动载体20 的一面设置了至少两个摩擦头323,使得驱动组件30的致动组件32在安装时更不容易产生倾斜。并且使得在至少一组磁吸组件50的作用下,致动组件32包括至少两个摩擦头323时,活动载体20更容易相对固定框架10保持平行。
本申请还能提供一种摄像模组,其包括光学镜头、感光组件,以及上述的驱动机构,光学镜头被设置于活动载体20,感光组件相对光学镜头设置,由于搭载有光学镜头的活动载体20能够顺畅地调节,利于实现聚焦功能或防抖功能,提高成像质量。
需要指出的是,该摄像模组可以是潜望式摄像模组,即,上述的驱动机构可以应用于潜望式摄像模组,潜望式摄像模组通过在传统模组前端加棱镜组的方式,将竖直入射到模组端部的光线进行反射,因此可以将竖直光线转变为水平光线入射到模组内部,在潜望式摄像模组中,驱动机构横放并后置于棱镜组,此时光轴方向及中轴线O方向为平行于水平光线的方向,活动载体20沿中轴线O方向移动时能够实现对焦作用。
参考附图36,一种示例性的包括压电马达1的摄像模组将被阐述,其包括压电马达1、镜头组件2以及感光组件3。镜头组件2具有一光轴,同时压电马达1设置于镜头组件2的外侧,感光组件3位于镜头组件2下方,且镜头组件2被保持于感光组件3的感光路径上。镜头组件2用于采集来自被摄目标的成像光线并将成像光线传播至感光组件3,感光组件3用来接收通过镜头组件2的光线,以生成图像信息。
压电马达1可以驱动镜头组件2沿着光轴方向进行运动,以调整镜头组件2相对感光组件3的距离,实现对焦功能;压电马达1可以驱动镜头组件2在垂直光轴平面方向运动,以使镜头组件2相对感光组件3发生平移,实现防抖功能。
参考附图37、附图38,一种示例性的压电马达1将被阐述。本申请提出了一种压电马达1,其包括线路板10、固定组件20、可动组件30、至少一驱动机构40,及支撑机构50。其中,可动组件30被容纳在固定组件20内,至少一驱动机构40的驱动端抵接在可动组件30的侧壁上,可动组件30被支撑机构50可活动地支撑在固定组件20内,以使可动组件30在受到驱动机构40的驱动力而运动时,受到的摩擦阻力较小。
线路板10一部分被固定连接在固定组件20上,线路板10另一部分被固定连接在可动组件30上,线路板10固定在固定组件20的部分和线路板10固定在可动组件30的部分之间弯折设置并具备一定的柔性,以使得可动组件30运动时,线路板10对于可动组件30运动阻滞作用小,线路板10与驱动机构40电连接,以实现驱动机构40的供电。
固定组件20包括一底座21和一外壳22,外壳22位于底座21的上侧。其中底座21和外壳22互相扣合以实现固定连接,外壳22的内部形成有一容纳腔,以容纳可动组件30、线路板10、驱动机构40、支撑机构50等部件。外壳22可以防止内部部件收到外界撞击,造成零件损坏。
参考附图37、附图38所示,固定在底座21上的线路板10以引脚15导出的方式与感光组件3进行电连接,从而实现感光组件3中的线路板10对压电马达1进行信号控制。
可动组件30下端和底座21的上表面之间通过设置至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起,可动组件30上端和外壳22的下表面之间通过设置至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起。在部分可选实施例中,在可动组件30的上下端均设置支撑机构50,分别与底座21和外壳22可动连接,支撑机构50支撑着可动组件30与底座21以及外壳22之间的间隙高度,从而使可动组件30不容易出现相对底座21和外壳22出现光轴方向的抖动、倾斜的现象,增加抗冲击性能,提高了产品可靠性。
具体地,可动组件30包括一第一框架31、第二框架32、第三框架33,第一框架31位于底座21上侧,第一框架31与底座21之间通过至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起,第二框架32位于第一框架31内侧,第二框架32的上端与外壳22的下表面之间通过至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起。实现了可动组件30与固定组件20之间的活动连接。
在部分可选实施例中,第一框架31与底座21之间设置至少一支撑机构50,第一框架31可以有相对底座21沿第一方向运动的自由度。第二框架32设置在第一框架31的内侧,第二框架32和第一框架31之间通过至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起,第二框架32相对第一框架31具备第二方向的活动自由度。第三框架33设置在第二框架32的内侧,第三框架33和第二框架32之间通过至少一支撑机构50可活动地连接在一起,第三框架33相对第二框架32具备第三方向的活动自由度。
具体的,驱动机构40包括一第一驱动机构401、一第二驱动机构402、一第三驱动机构403。第一框架31与底座21活动连接并适于相对底座21沿第一方向运动,第一框架31与底座21之间设有第一驱动机构401,以驱动第一框架31相对底座21运动。第二框架32与第一框架31活动连接并适于相对第一框架31沿第二方向运动,第二框架32与第一框架31之间设有第二驱动机构402,以驱动第二框架32相对第一框架31运动。第三框架33与第二框架32活动连接并适于相对第二框架32沿第三方向运动,第三框架33与第二框架32之间设有第三驱动机构403,以驱动第三框架33相对第二框架32运动。
具体的,第二框架32相对第一框架31的活动自由度的方向与第一框架31相对底座21的活动自由度的方向正交,也就是说,第一方向与第二方向正交,以使本申请中,第二框架32相对底座21具备在垂直光轴平面方向运动的能力,在进行防抖时,可以驱动第二框架32相对底座21进行平面方向的运动。即压电马达1能实现光学防抖功能。进一步的,第三框架33相对第二框架32具有第三方向的活动自由度,第三方向为与光轴方向平行的方向。换句话说,第二驱动机构402的驱动方向与第一驱动机构401的驱动方向正交,第三驱动机构403的驱动方向分别与第一驱动机构401的驱动方向、第二驱动机构402的驱动方向正交,以使第三框架33在垂直光轴的平面上运动实现防抖外,还能在沿着光轴方向运动实现对焦处理。因此在本实施例中,带压电马达1的摄像模组4除了能满足摄像模组的防抖摄像所需要的水平移动外,还能进行画面的对焦处理。
在本申请中,驱动机构40为压电驱动的方式,这要求驱动端与被驱动件之间为摩擦连接关系,通过降低被驱动件运动时的阻力,能够减少压电马达1克服摩擦阻力的损耗,设置支撑组件50既能够提高被驱动件运动的平行度,还能改变被驱动件受到的摩擦方式以减少被驱动件运动时的摩擦阻力,例如,支撑组件50设为滚珠时,被驱动件受到点摩擦,或,支撑组件50为导杆时,被驱动件受到线摩擦,点摩擦或线摩擦相对面摩擦的方式摩擦力更小,从而减少驱动机构40的摩擦损耗,利于增加驱动机构40和压电马达1的使用寿命。
为了便于理解,参考附图38示意性的表示,第一方向为图示中的x轴方向,第二方向为垂直x轴方向且与x轴方向构成水平面的y轴方向,第三方向为与该水平面垂直的z轴方向,z轴方向与光轴平行。
每一驱动机构40都包括各自的预压组件41及致动组件42,预压组件41对致动组件42施加一预压力,以使致动组件42抵接于被驱动件,从而致动组件42适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动被驱动件运动。致动组件42包括压电振子422及摩擦头423,摩擦头423设置在压电振子422背向预压组件41的一侧,摩擦头423作为驱动机构40的驱动端与被驱动件抵接。其中,压电振子422是具有逆压电效应并且根据极化方向和电场方向收缩或膨胀的基板,可以通过在单晶,多晶陶瓷,聚合物等在厚度方向上使基板极化来使用。逆压电效应是指在电介质的极化方向施加电场,电介质在产生电势差时发生机械变形。压电振子422具有超声波震荡的作用,能够在特定设置的电极层上实现偏摆往复运动或椭圆运动,以实现对驱动机构40的驱动端进行驱动的效果。
为了便于描述,将被驱动件记为活动件,将承载该被驱动件、并与该被驱动件相邻设置的框架或底座21记为固定件,本申请中,压电马达1包括活动件、固定件及驱动机构40,其中,活动件与固定件活动连接,驱动机构40包括预压组件41及致动组件42,致动组件42至少包括一压电振子422,预压组件41与固定件及致动组件42连接,并对致动组件42施加一预压力,以使致动组件42抵接于活动件,以便通过压电驱动的方式驱动活动件相对固定件运动。
参考附图39,现有技术中,预压组件通常设置为一弹片410,弹片410设置在压电振子422背离活动件的一侧,弹片410的端部与固定件连接,弹片410的中部抵压在压电振子422一侧,利用弹片410的弹力实现预压力的提供。由于弹片410刚度较小,易于形变,在提供预压力后弹片410会发生弯曲,弹片410中部会有倾角产生,将导致压电振子422相对活动件产生预设之外的倾角。例如,理想情况下弹片410平行于压电振子422设置,以提供垂直于活动件抵接面的预压力,但是,实际使用时,弹片410弯曲使得压电振子422相对活动件倾斜。继而将引发致动组件42驱动活动件相对固定件在两个向反方向上运动时,运动速度不一致,影响压电马达1的驱动效果,会影响对焦功能、防抖功能,导致摄像模组的拍摄效果变差。
同时,考虑到活动件、固定件等零部件在加工成型时,本身存在一定的物料公差,而将这些零部件装配组合成一个完整的压电马达1时,又存在一定的组装公差,物料公差和组装公差将直接影响弹片410的形变程度,进而影响预压力,导致同一批次生产的压电马达1中,存在各个压电马达1的预压力存在差异,而预压力是致动组件42抵接于活动件上的压力,预压力的大小及方向都将影响致动组件42与活动件 间的摩擦力大小,而致动组件42实质上是靠该摩擦力驱动活动件的,也就是说,物料公差与组装公差的存在,导致同一批次多个压电马达1存在预压力不一致的问题,导致各个致动组件42对活动件的驱动效果不一。
进一步的,现有技术中,弹片410是通过UV胶、热固胶等粘合剂与致动组件42中,设置在压电振子422一侧的柔性电路板421粘接,粘合剂固化后弹性模量较大,一方面会阻碍压电振子422形变,另一部分会导致压电振子422和弹片410组成一个刚性整体,改变压电振子422的振动模态,在这两方面的影响下,导致致动组件42的驱动力较低,影响压电马达1的驱动效果。需要指出的是,通常使用的UV胶或者热固胶在固化后的弹性模量大于1Gpa,弹性模量已足以导致压电振子422和弹片410组成一个刚性整体,改变振子的振动模态。
为了解决上述问题,本申请对预压组件41及相关联的其他部件的结构进行改进。
本申请提供一种新的压电马达1方案:一种应用于摄像模组的压电马达1,其包括:固定件、活动件及驱动组件,活动件与固定件活动连接,驱动组件包括预压组件41及致动组件42,预压组件41包括结构件411及缓冲件412,结构件411与固定件连接,缓冲件412设置在结构件411与致动组件42之间,并适于受结构件411与致动组件42的挤压而形变,预压组件41对致动组件42施加一预压力,以使致动组件42抵接于活动件,从而致动组件42适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动活动件相对固定件运动。
该方案中,一、结构件411起到刚性的支撑作用,结构件411不会在预压力的作用下发生明显的变形,能够防止致动组件42相对活动件倾斜,提升压电马达1的驱动效果,进而提升摄像模组的拍摄效果。二、由于缓冲件412可以变形,将缓冲件412设置在结构件411与致动组件42之间,在组装压电马达1时,通过缓冲件412的形变,能够抵消至少部分的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力变化,例如一压电马达1存在10um公差,另一压电马达1存在100um的公差时,在缓冲件412的形变缓冲下,两者的预压力偏差值小于十倍差值。三、缓冲件412可以吸收压电振子422的部分形变,利于保持压电振子422相对活动件的设置角度,使压电振子422的实际运动状态与设计值接近,减少外部环境,如预压组件41形变,对压电振子422运动的影响,进一步的,缓冲件412可以贴附在致动组件42与结构件411之间,不仅便于组装,还能避免现有技术中使用UV胶或热固胶等粘合剂粘接弹片410后导致的影响压电振子422振动模态的问题。
其中,致动组件42一般包括压电振子422和摩擦头423,压电振子422背向预压组件41的一面与摩擦头423连接,预压组件41提供给致动组件42的预压力先后经过压电振子422和摩擦头423作用在活动件上。换句话说,摩擦头423在预压力作用下与活动件抵接。
考虑到压电振子422需要通电才能工作,在部分可选实施例中,致动组件42还包括一提供压电振子422电源的柔性电路板421,柔性电路板421设置在压电振子422与缓冲件412之间。柔性电路板421(FPC)是以聚酰亚胺或聚酯薄膜为基材制成的一种具有高度可靠性,绝佳的可挠性印刷电路板。FPC又被称为软性电路板、挠性电路板,其以质量轻、厚度薄、可自由弯曲折叠等优良特性而备受青睐。参照图44所示,柔性电路板421可以是线路板10的局部结构,也可以是与线路板10电连接的另外一块或几块电路板。
在部分可选实施例中,结构件411包括面向缓冲件412的第一安装面4111,缓冲件412包括与第一安装面4111相对的第二安装面4122,及与第二安装面4122相背设置的第三安装面4123,第一安装面4111与第二安装面4122贴合,致动组件42包括压电振子422及摩擦头423,压电振子422与第三安装面4123贴合,压电振子422背离第三安装面4123的一面与摩擦头423连接,摩擦头423抵接于活动件。
在另一部分可选实施例中,参照图45所示,致动组件42还包括一提供压电振子422电源的柔性电路板421。具体的,结构件411包括面向缓冲件412的第一安装面4111,缓冲件412包括与第一安装面4111相对的第二安装面4122,及与第二安装面4122相背并平行设置的第三安装面4123,第一安装面4111与第二安装面4122贴合,致动组件42包括柔性电路板421、压电振子422及摩擦头423,柔性电路板421的两相对面分别与第三安装面4123、压电振子422贴合,压电振子422背离第三安装面4123的一面与摩擦头423连接,摩擦头423抵接于活动件。
在部分可选实施例中,预压组件41包括结构件411和缓冲件412,缓冲件412被直接贴附于结构件411与致动组件42之间,换句话说,致动组件42通过缓冲件412被贴附在结构件411上。具体的,活动件设置在固定件内,固定件上设有一贯穿固定件内外两侧的开口,结构件411设置在固定件的外侧,并且结构件411在至少一方向的尺寸大于开口的尺寸,换言之,结构件411在平行于其第一安装面4111的其 中一方向的尺寸大于开口的尺寸,以使结构件411能被固定在固定件外侧,缓冲件412及致动组件42穿过开口,从而致动组件42得以抵接于活动件。应可以理解,开口的长宽尺寸大于或者等于致动组件42和缓冲件412的长宽尺寸,以使得致动组件42和缓冲件412可以穿过开口从而使致动组件42可以抵接于活动件。压电振子422被容纳在开口内,减少因为压电振子422外置带来的尺寸增加,减少了该压电马达1的尺寸。需要补充说明的是,本申请中,驱动组件中缓冲件412、压电振子422等各元件,及固定件上的开口的尺寸指的是,沿致动组件42、缓冲件412、结构件411之间的安装方向,各个元件投影在结构件411上的大小。
更具体的,缓冲件412呈薄片状,其分别用于与致动组件42和结构件411相贴附的两个侧面相平行,也就是说,缓冲件412外侧的第二安装面4122与内侧的第三安装面4123平行设置,结构件411面向缓冲件412的一面为平面,该平面即第一安装面4111,第一安装面4111与固定件的外侧面及致动组件42连接,从而致动组件42可以被保持平行的贴附在结构件411上,从而保持致动组件42相对活动件和固定件的平行度,使致动组件42被平行的设置于活动件和固定件之间。
考虑到虽然能通过缓冲件412自发的产生自适应的形变,能起到抵消至少部分物料公差和组装公差的作用,降低同一批次多个压电马达1中的预压力大小差距。但是,各压电马达1的预压力一致性依旧有待提高。
为此,本申请通过在压电马达1组装过程中,调整对结构件411施加的压力,使结构件411逐渐向活动件靠拢的过程中,调整缓冲件412的受挤压程度和形变程度,从而设定初始状态时压电马达1的预压力处于一预设值,再将结构件411固定在固定件上,固定结构件411与固定件外侧面之间的间距,以维持预设大小的预压力,从而多个压电马达1中的预压力的一致性得以显著提高。为了更充分的公开本申请压电马达1的方案,后文将会公开对应的压电马达1的组装工艺。
结合图47所示,鉴于不同压电马达1之间的物料公差与组装公差存在差异,在公差较小的压电马达1中,可能结构件411向活动件运动较短距离的情况下,预压组件41产生的预压力值已经达到预设值大小,此时结构件411朝向缓冲件412的一面与固定件的外侧面之间存在间隙a。在一具体实施例中,结构件411面向缓冲件412的一面为第一安装面4111,该面为一平面,第一安装面4111与固定件的外侧面存在一定的间隔距离从而两者间形成间隙a。
在一些可选实施例中,如图48所示,结构件411通过粘合剂61与固定件连接,粘合剂包覆结构件411的周侧的至少一部分。能够理解的是,如果将粘合剂设置在结构件411朝向固定件的一面与固定件的外侧面之间,则在涂覆胶水时需要先使结构件411朝向固定件的一面、固定件的外侧面处于暴露状态,以便涂覆胶水,存在操作不便的问题,还易妨碍通过对结构件411施加朝向活动件的力以调整预压力大小的这个组装步骤。将粘合剂包覆在结构件411周侧的方式,具有操作方便、高效的特点,便于实际组装时采用。应可以理解,粘合剂61同时包覆固定件的外侧面和结构件411的周侧的至少一部分。
作为改进的,部分可选实施例中,将粘合剂包覆在结构件411周侧时,粘合剂延伸至结构件411背向固定件的一面。换句话说,部分粘合剂设置在致动组件42、缓冲件412、结构件411的安装方向上。这样的设置能够使粘合剂具备更好的固定作用,将结构件411紧紧压向固定件、活动件的方向,从而持续地、稳定地提供预压力。
作为补充的,在一具体实施例中,结构件411在一特定方向上的尺寸超过固定件上开口的尺寸。结构件411为长方形,沿其长度方向,结构件411的中部相对开口设置,结构件411的两端与固定件上开口周围的壳体相对。粘合剂包覆在结构件411的两端,使得结构件411得以与固定件连接。在另一些具体实施例中,结构件411设为其他形状。结构件411可能在多个方向的尺寸都大于开口的尺寸,结构件411的多个端部或整个外周都与开口周围的壳体相对,粘合剂包覆在结构件411周侧的至少两个分散的点上,以实现结构件411与固定件的连接。
在一具体实施例中,粘合剂采用UV胶。UV胶又称为紫外线胶,是一种单组分UV可见光固化改性丙烯酸脂结构胶。UV胶是通过紫外线光照射实现固化的一类胶粘剂。在一具体实施例中,组装压电马达1时,可以先使用UV胶涂覆在结构件411朝向固定件的一面和固定件的外侧面上,再通过UV光,即紫外线照射固化胶水,完成结构件411的固定,此时结构件411与固定件之间的间距被确定,预压力处于初始的预设值。当然,也可以将UV胶包覆在结构件411的周侧并使UV胶同时与固定件的外侧面接触。
在一具体实施例中,粘合胶采用UV热固胶,UV热固胶是一种既可以通过紫外线固化,也可以通 过加热、烘烤进行固化的胶水。在一具体实施例中,组装压电马达1时,可以先使用UV热固胶涂覆在结构件411与固定件上并照射紫外线,将结构件411初步固定在固定件上,待结构件411与固定件之间的间距被确定后再进行加热,实现UV热固胶的完全固化。
在一些可选实施例中,结构件411通过焊接、热铆等方式被固定在固定件的外侧面上。
在具体实施方式中,结构件411的弹性系数大于等于1.2*10^5N/m,以使结构件411不会在预压力的反作用下发生明显的变形,例如,可以在施加至少300g预压力的时候没有明显的变形,从而防止致动组件42发生倾斜,进而避免致动组件42驱动活动件在两个方向上运动的速度不一致的情形。
在具体实施方式中,结构件411的厚度大于等于150μm。例如,在一个具体示例中,结构件411的材料为钢,结构件411被实施为钢板,钢板的厚度为200μm,经实测可以满足施加预压力后结构件411没有明显的形变。
能够理解的是,结构件411作为刚性的支撑件,缓冲件412作为形变程度可调节的缓冲元件,结构件411的弹性模量大于缓冲件412的弹性模量,缓冲件412相对结构件411更易于形变,能够根据不同压电马达1中的不同大小的公差自适应性的产生不同程度的收缩形变,从而使得不同公差下各压电马达1的预压力差异变小。相应的,可以理解,缓冲件412的厚度越厚、弹性模量越低,其对物料公差和组装公差的容忍度越高,使物料公差和组装公差对压电马达1的预压力大小的影响越低。而现有技术中使用弹片410的方案则受限于弹片410本身形变量,其产生的预压力大小因物料公差的影响具有较大的波动。此外,缓冲件412还具有能吸收压电振子422的部分振动形变,保持压电振子422相对活动件的平行度,以及解决现有技术中压电振子422的振动引发结构件411振动的问题,起“隔断”作用。
在具体实施方式中,缓冲件412的弹性模量大于等于100KPa,小于等于100MPa。当缓冲件412的弹性模量过大时,缓冲件412难以发生形变,而当缓冲件412的弹性模量过低时,预压组件41难以提供足够的预压力给致动组件42。经过测验,缓冲件412的弹性模量大于等于100KPa,小于等于100MPa时,缓冲件412正好处于一个比较合适的区间,缓冲件412软硬适中,能够提供所需范围内的预压力。
在具体实施方式中,缓冲件412的厚度大于等于50μm,小于等于800μm。当缓冲件412的厚度过小时,缓冲件412的形变范围较小,不足以应对各个压电马达1中物料公差和组装公差的差异,当缓冲件412的厚度过大时,将导致整个驱动组件的厚度增加,使得压电马达1的整体尺寸增大,与当前摄像模组的小型化需求相悖。经过对压电马达1中公差的实际测量及实验模拟下,缓冲件412的厚度处于该范围时基本能实现消除各压电马达1中的公差,且压电马达1在缓冲件412厚度方向上的尺寸控制的较小。
进一步考虑对缓冲件412的弹性模量需求和压电马达1的尺寸需求,缓冲件412的弹性模量范围在100KPa-20MPa之间,而缓冲件412的厚度范围在50μm-400μm,均包括两端值。例如,在一个具体示例中,缓冲件412的弹性模量为450Kpa,厚度为260μm。
在部分可选实施例中,缓冲件412可以被实施为胶带,缓冲件412的两个相对面分别与结构件411、致动组件42粘接。能够理解的是,此处缓冲件412的两相对面也即前文中提到的第二安装面4122和第三安装面4123。胶带连接相比胶水连接的方式具有至少三个优点:一是避免了高弹性模量胶的使用,例如固化后弹性模量至少达到1GPa的UV胶,高弹性模量胶将会影响缓冲件412、压电振子422的形变;二是操作简便,可以将致动组件42直接贴附在结构件411上,不必有涂覆胶水、固化胶水等步骤;三是胶带平行度相对较好,能够提供平行的第二安装面4122与第三安装面4123,利于提高致动组件42相对固定件及活动件的平行度。
在具体实施方式中,缓冲件412的尺寸可以小于、等于,或者大于压电振子422的尺寸,只要缓冲件412填充在压电振子422与结构件411之间即可。同理,缓冲件412的具体形状与数量也并不需要作出限制,例如可以将两片胶带叠层使用作为缓冲件412,或沿结构件411的长度方向间隔设置两片胶带。
在部分可选实施例中,缓冲件412的尺寸大于致动组件42的尺寸,特指大于致动组件42中压电振子422的尺寸,以使致动组件42与结构件411之间被缓冲件412完全填充,利于保证连接结构强度,以及致动组件42的安装平行度。
更详细的展开来讲,本实施例中,压电马达1包括底座21、第一框架31、第二框架32、第三框架33。第一框架31与底座21活动连接并适于相对底座21沿第一方向运动,第一框架31与底座21之间设有第一驱动机构401。第二框架32与第一框架31活动连接并适于相对第一框架31沿第二方向运动,第二框 架32与第一框架31之间设有第二驱动机构402。第三框架33与第二框架32活动连接并适于相对第二框架32沿第三方向运动,第三框架33与第二框架32之间设有第三驱动机构403。
其中,第一驱动机构401、第二驱动机构402、第三驱动机构403中的至少一个及其周围相关的零部件改进为上述的驱动组件及相关结构。并且,易于理解的是:当第一驱动机构401改进为驱动组件时,以底座21为固定件,第一框架31为活动件;当第二驱动机构402为驱动组件时,以第一框架31为固定件,第二框架32为活动件;当第三驱动机构403为驱动组件时,以第二框架32为固定件,第三框架33为活动件。
换句话说,一个压电马达1中可能存在多个驱动机构40,本申请将其中至少一个驱动机构40中的预压组件41及关联部件进行改进,并且为了以便区分描述,将改进后的驱动机构40称为驱动组件。相似的,为了便于区分,下文将第一驱动机构401内的预压组件41与致动组件42分别记为第一预压组件与第一致动组件,当第一驱动机构401改进为驱动组件时,第一预压组件包括第一结构件4011与第一缓冲件4012,第一致动组件中的压电振子422与摩擦头423记为第一压电振子4013与第一摩擦头4014。同理,第二驱动机构402包括第二预压组件与第二致动组件,当第二驱动机构402改进为驱动组件时,第二预压组件包括第二结构件4021和第二缓冲件4022,第二致动组件包括第二压电振子4023与第二摩擦头4024。第三驱动机构403包括第三预压组件与第三致动组件,当第三驱动机构403设置为上述驱动组件时,第三预压组件包括第三结构件4031和第三缓冲件4032,第三致动组件包括第三压电振子4033与第三摩擦头4034。需要特地说明的是,本申请中,当未指明当前所指的是第一预压组件、第二预压组件,还是第三预压组件时,“预压组件”一词可指代其中任意一者,“结构件”、“缓冲件”、“驱动机构”、“致动组件”、“压电振子”、“摩擦头”“侧电极”“开口”等词同理。
在部分可选实施例中,如图41所示,当第一驱动机构401改进为驱动组件时,底座21与第一框架31组成一组固定件和活动件。
具体的,底座21包括底座本体211和自底座本体211的至少两个侧边向上延伸的底座侧板213,其中底座本体211位于底座21的底侧,起到基底支撑的作用,同时底座本体211与外壳22进行定位固定。底座本体211可以为在设置底座21上的元件提供安装基准。底座本体211和/或底座侧板213上设有底座滚珠槽212。通过设置于底座滚珠槽212内的滚珠,实现底座21与第一框架31可活动地连接关系,使得第一框架31得以相对底座21沿第一方向运动。
第一预压组件中的第一结构件4011的端部与底座侧板213的外侧壁连接,第一致动组件通过第一缓冲件4012贴附在第一结构件4011的中部,并且第一缓冲件4012及第一致动组件穿过底座侧板213上的第一开口2131,第一预压组件对第一致动组件中的第一压电振子4013施加一预压力并将预压力通过第一压电振子4013上的第一摩擦头4014作用于第一框架31的侧壁的外表面上,第一压电振子4013形变时带动第一摩擦头4014运动,使第一摩擦头4014通过与第一框架31侧壁之间的摩擦力推动第一框架31相对底座21沿第一方向运动。将第一缓冲件4012设置在第一结构件4011与第一压电振子4013之间,第一结构件4011对第一致动组件起到刚性的支撑作用,第一缓冲件4012能够抵消至少部分的,由底座侧板213与第一框架31侧壁两者带来的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力变化,以及吸收第一压电振子4013的部分形变,能够防止第一致动组件相对第一框架31倾斜、利于第一压电振子4013的振动模态激发,具有提升压电马达1在第一方向上的驱动效果、提升不同压电马达1之间第一预压组件提供的预压力的一致性的效果。
在部分可选实施例中,如图42所示,当第二驱动机构402改进为驱动组件时,第一框架31与第二框架32组成一组固定件和活动件。
具体的,第一框架31上设有第一框架滚珠槽311,第二框架32的顶部向外侧延伸形成与第一框架滚珠槽311相对的凸出部321,凸出部321的下表面与至少部分第一框架滚珠槽311内的滚珠抵接,通过设置于第一框架滚珠槽311内的滚珠,实现第一框架31与第二框架32可活动地连接关系,第二框架32得以相对第一框架31沿第二方向运动,并且连接结构简单,易于组装。
第二预压组件中的第二结构件4021的端部与第一框架31的外表面连接,第二致动组件通过第二缓冲件4022贴附在第二结构件4021的中部,并且第二缓冲件4022和第二致动组件穿过第一框架31上的第二开口312,第二预压组件对第二致动组件中的第二压电振子4023施加一预压力并将预压力通过第二压电振子4023上的第二摩擦头作用于第二框架32的侧壁上,第二压电振子4023形变时带动第二摩擦头运动, 使第二摩擦头通过与第二框架32侧壁之间的摩擦力推动第二框架32相对第一框架31沿第二方向运动。将第二缓冲件4022设置在第二结构件4021与第二压电振子4023之间,能起到抵消至少部分的,第一框架31与第二框架32的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力变化,以及吸收第二压电振子4023的部分形变的作用,能够防止第二致动组件相对第二框架32倾斜、利于第二压电振子4023的振动模态激发,具有提升压电马达1沿第二方向的驱动效果、提升不同压电马达1之间第二预压组件提供的预压力的一致性的效果。
进一步的,第二框架32的顶部设有第二框架滚珠槽322,通过第二框架滚珠槽322内的滚珠实现第二框架32与外壳22之间的活动连接,并且,第二框架滚珠槽322内的滚珠与底座滚珠槽212内的滚珠分别从上下两侧对第一框架31与第二框架32提供支撑力,使得第一框架31与第二框架32在第三方向上的高度位置被固定。
更具体的,结合图37所示,外壳22进一步包括外壳本体221和压板222,外壳本体221固定连接在压板222的上侧,一横向弹片2221安装在压板222的下表面,横向弹片2221的下表面抵接于设置在第二框架32顶部的第二框架滚珠槽322内的滚珠上,从而使得横向弹片2221作为一个施力器件始终对这部分滚珠提供一个压紧力,以保证第二框架32,第一框架31和底座21的组装后受到横向弹片2221压紧力进行平整校正。并且横向弹片2221有一定强度,因此使得第二框架32上端被限位,增加外壳22组装到第二框架32上的安装强度,同时外壳22相对第二框架32之间自由度不会阻碍第二框架32相对底座21的运动,以增加压电马达1的可靠性。
在部分可选实施例中,如图43所示,当第三驱动机构403改进为驱动组件时,第二框架32与第三框架33组成一组固定件和活动件。
具体的,第二框架32的侧壁上设有第二框架引导槽323,第三框架33的侧壁上设有第三框架引导槽331,第二框架引导槽323与第三框架引导槽331相对设置,两引导槽配合形成沿平行光轴方向延伸的滚珠通道。通过设置于滚珠通道内的滚珠,实现第二框架32与第三框架33可活动地连接关系,第三框架33得以相对第二框架32沿第三方向运动,并且连接结构简单,易于组装。
能够理解的是,镜头组件2设置于第三框架33内,通过第三框架33能相对第二框架32沿第三方向运动,第二框架32能相对第一框架31沿第二方向运动,第一框架31能相对底座21沿第一方向运动,使得第三框架33及其上的镜头组件2具有相对底座21沿第三方向、第二方向、第一方向三个方向运动的活动自由度。并且,第三方向平行于光轴方向,因而该压电马达1能够实现聚焦功能,第一方向、第二方向相互正交并且构成一垂直光轴方向的平面,因而该压电马达1能够实现光学防抖功能。
第三预压组件中的第三结构件4031的端部与第二框架32的外表面连接,第三致动组件通过第三缓冲件4032贴附在第三结构件4031的中部,并且第三缓冲件4032与第三致动组件穿过第二框架32侧壁上的第三开口324,第三预压组件对第三致动组件中的第三压电振子4033施加一预压力并将预压力通过第三压电振子4033上的第三摩擦头4034作用于第三框架33的侧壁上,第三压电振子4033形变时带动第三摩擦头4034运动,使第三摩擦头4034通过与第三框架33侧壁之间的摩擦力推动第三框架33相对第二框架32沿第三方向运动。将第三缓冲件4032设置在第三结构件4031与第三压电振子4033之间,能起到抵消至少部分的,第二框架32与第三框架33的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力变化,以及吸收第三压电振子4033的部分形变的作用,能够防止第三致动组件相对第三框架33倾斜、利于第三压电振子4033的振动模态激发,具有提升压电马达1沿第三方向的驱动效果、提升不同压电马达1之间第三预压组件提供的预压力的一致性的效果。
进一步的,参考图45、图46,本申请对压电振子422的工作原理进行简单说明。
为了便于描述,图45中以箭头所示方向指示压电振子422的厚度方向,也即上下方向,以压电振子422的长度方向作为压电振子422的前后方向,以宽度方向作为压电振子422的前后方向。
压电振子422为多层堆叠结构,具体的,压电振子422在厚度方向,以陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层、电极层...陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层的顺序堆叠而成,每个电极层设置于两个相邻的陶瓷层之间,并且压电振子422的上半部分、下半部分之间分别采用方向相反的极化方式。
压电振子422的侧面共设有四个侧电极,分别记为第一侧电极4221、第二侧电极4222、第三侧电极4223、第四侧电极4224,其中第一侧电极4221与第二侧电极4222前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子422的左侧,第三侧电极4223与第四侧电极4224前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子422的右侧。 第一侧电极4221与第二侧电极4222位于压电振子422前面的左右两侧,并分别适于接入两个频率相同但不同相位的电信号,如图46中的X信号和Y信号,第二侧电极4222与第四侧电极位于压电振子422后面的左右两侧,并分别接地。
易于理解的是,侧电极的接入电信号及接地是通过与柔性电路板421电连接实现的。
四个侧电极均在压电振子422的厚度方向延伸,依次与最上层的电极层、中间的若干电极层及最下层的电极层电连接,使相邻电极层之间产生电场,陶瓷层在该电场的作用下发生伸长或收缩的形变,图46中以相向的箭头示意收缩,以向背的箭头示意伸长。通过多层堆叠的结构,每相邻两个电极层之间形成的电场在上下方向得以叠加。于是,驱动整个压电振子422弯曲振动所需要的电压被降低。电极层的层数及陶瓷层的层数可依据具体能提供的驱动力需求和电压需求设计。
为了更清楚的解释压电振子422的工作原理,基于上述设置,将压电振子422划分为左上区段、右上区段、左下区段、右下区段,并在侧电极接入电信号时截取t1至t4四个时间点进行观察,压电振子422分别在t1、t2、t3和t4四个时刻产生如图46中所示意的四个形变状态,t1时刻,左上区段和右上区段收缩,左下区段和右下区段伸长,压电振子422向上弯曲,摩擦头423相对向下运动,t2时刻,左上区段和右下区段收缩,左下区段和右上区段伸长,因而压电振子422左侧向上弯曲,右侧向下弯曲,摩擦头423向左上运动,t3时刻与t4时刻摩擦头423先向上运动,再向右下运动,下一次输入电信号与t1相同的时刻,摩擦头423向下运动至与t1相同位置,压电振子422在这四个形变状态中切换,从而使得被固定于压电振子422的上表面的摩擦头423产生如图所示意的椭圆运动。摩擦头423得以通过高频推动活动件运动。
在一些实施例中,为使压电马达1的驱动性能提升,压电振子422可以由压电陶瓷材料或压电单晶材料制成,压电振子422可以是单层陶瓷体或单层单晶体,也可以是多层陶瓷体或多层单晶体,例如,锆钛酸铅(PZT)基压电陶瓷、铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷、钛酸钡(BT)基压电陶瓷、铌镁酸铅-铌铟酸铅(PMN-PT)基压电单晶等。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头423采用耐磨材料制成,例如可以采用各种高硬度耐磨陶瓷材料制成,如氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅陶瓷,或者高耐磨金属材料、碳纤维材料,或者陶瓷、金属颗粒与高分子的复合材料等,以便提高摩擦头423的耐磨性,利于提高活动件与摩擦头423之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长摩擦头423的使用寿命。
相对的,在一些实施例中,参照图42所示,活动件上设有耐磨部301,摩擦头423抵触在耐磨部301上,具体的,耐磨部301可以是耐磨涂层,或通过粘接、嵌件注塑成一体等方式装配在活动件上的耐摩擦板,或者是活动件上凹凸不平的外表面等等能实现耐摩擦作用的结构,耐磨部301的设置利于提高活动件与摩擦头423之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长使用寿命。
进一步的,当耐磨部301设置为耐摩擦板时,可以通过粘接、紧固件连接、嵌件注塑等方式固定在活动件上,以与活动件形成一体的受力结构,并且参照摩擦头423的材质,耐摩擦板可以采用与摩擦头423相同或不同的耐磨材料制成。
能够理解的是,本申请对于摩擦头423及耐摩擦板的具体形状并不作具体限制。在具体实施例中,摩擦头423的形状可以为球体、半球体、长方体、台体、圆柱体、半圆柱体等等,耐摩擦板可以为片状或块状。在本申请的一个示例中,摩擦头423为圆柱体形状,圆柱状摩擦头423如图39所示竖放,或如图45所示横放在压电振子422上,以提供驱动组件与活动件之间的线摩擦,摩擦头423与活动件的耐磨部301之间线接触,相比点接触的方式具有更大的摩擦,具有较好的驱动力和驱动效果。
摩擦头423的数量可以为一个,也可以为两个及以上。本实施例中,压电振子422为矩形长条形状,摩擦头423凸出设置于压电振子422朝向活动件的一面的中心位置,能够增大摩擦头423的单位驱动行程。另一实施例中,摩擦头423的数量为两个,两个摩擦头423沿压电振子422的长度方向间隔设置,压电振子422的长度方向与其驱动活动件的运动方向平行。在沿驱动组件的驱动方向上,压电振子422朝向活动件的一面设有至少两个摩擦头423,从而增加驱动行程。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头423与压电振子422可以为一体式结构,也可以为可拆卸结构,摩擦头423与压电振子422可以通过粘接、卡接、嵌套、焊接或者紧固件连接等方式固定于压电振子422上,摩擦头423与压电振子422之间面接触,以保证连接强度,摩擦头423能随着压电振子422的形变产生明显的运动。
与本申请提供的压电马达1的结构相对应的,本申请进一步公开一种压电马达1的组装工艺,其包括步骤:
S1、提供一固定件、一活动件,及一驱动组件,驱动组件包括预压组件41及致动组件42,预压组件41包括结构件411及缓冲件412;
S2、将活动件安装到固定件内;
S3、将缓冲件412设置在结构件411与致动组件42之间,形成一组合体;
S4、将组合体中的缓冲件412及致动组件42伸入固定件上的开口,结构件411留在开口外侧;
S5、对结构件411施加一压力以使结构件411向活动件靠近,以使致动组件42抵接于活动件,缓冲件412被结构件411及致动组件42挤压而变形;
S6、将结构件411固定在固定件上,并且在固定过程中,持续对结构件411施加步骤S5中提供的压力,完成结构件411的固定后,撤除压力;
其中S2与S3不分先后。
考虑到预压力的大小会影响压电致动器的驱动力的大小,尽管缓冲件412的设置可以降低物料的制造公差和组装公差对预压力大小的影响,但所制得的多个压电马达1中预压力大小仍然存在差别,相应的,压电马达1的驱动力也存在差别,这对大批量生产制造的压电马达1而言,驱动力大小的不一致会使得压电马达1的性能存在较大的差别,因此,进一步提供一种改善问题的方法是必要的。为此,本申请进一步改进组装工艺:
作为改进的,步骤S5中还包括步骤:通过压力传感器获取对结构件411施加的压力的数值,调节压力的大小直至与预设值相同。通过在组装压电马达1时,利用预压组件41中结构件411提供刚性支撑,而缓冲件412形变程度可以调节的特点,主动校准、调节预压力至一固定大小的预设值,实现各个压电马达1中的预压力的一致性。
一具体实施例中,通过一个具有压力传感器的设备在结构件411的背面施压,在将结构件411向固定件压以增大当前预压力的同时,能够实时地、同步地测量出当前预压力的大小。
需要特别强调的是,在上述步骤S6中,在将结构件411固定在固定件的外侧面的过程中,需要一直维持压力的施加,并保持压力值等于预设值不变,以使最终撤去压力后,预压组件41提供给致动组件42的预压力大小与预设值相近。
在部分可选实施例中,步骤S6中,将结构件411固定在固定件上具体包括步骤:将胶水涂覆在结构件411的周侧并使胶水与固定件接触,持续对结构件411施加步骤S5中提供的压力,胶水固化后即完成结构件411的固定,撤除压力。
能够理解的是,如果将胶水设置在结构件411朝向固定件的一面与固定件的外侧面之间,则在涂覆胶水时需要先使结构件411朝向固定件的一面、固定件的外侧面处于暴露状态,以便涂覆胶水,也就是说,需要先撤开步骤S3中形成的组合体,存在操作不便的问题,还易妨碍通过对结构件411施加朝向活动件的力以调整预压力大小的这个组装步骤。将粘合剂包覆在结构件411周侧的方式,具有操作方便、高效的特点,便于实际组装时采用。
进一步的,部分可选实施例中,将粘合剂包覆在结构件411周侧时,粘合剂延伸至结构件411背向固定件的一面。换句话说,部分粘合剂设置在致动组件42、缓冲件412、结构件411的安装方向上。这样的设置能够使粘合剂具备更好的固定作用,将结构件411紧紧压向固定件、活动件的方向,从而持续地、稳定地提供预压力。
进一步的,胶水可以是UV胶,先使用UV胶涂覆在结构件411的周侧,使得UV胶包覆在结构件411的至少部分周侧,再通过UV光,即紫外线照射固化胶水。
如图49、图50所示,现有技术中,压电马达包括固定框架10、活动设置在固定框架10内的活动载体20,以及设置在活动载体20与固定框架10之间的支撑组件30和驱动组件40。驱动组件40的驱动端抵接于活动载体20并向活动载体20提供一预压力P,支撑组件30设置在固定框架10与活动载体20之间,并对活动载体20提供一支撑力N,该支撑力N与该预压力P配合,使得活动载体20得以被可活动的支撑 在固定框架10上。进而,当驱动组件40接收到一驱动信号时,能够通过驱动端与活动载体20之间的摩擦带动活动载体20沿特定方向运动。
具体的,驱动组件40包括预压组件41和致动组件42,预压组件41与固定框架10连接,致动组件42与预压组件41连接,预压组件41对致动组件42提供一朝向活动载体20的预压力P,使制动组件的驱动端抵接于活动载体20的一侧,并将该预压力P作用于活动载体20上。
更具体的,致动组件42包括压电振子422和摩擦头423,压电振子422与预压组件41连接,摩擦头423固定在压电振子422朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头423作为驱动组件40的驱动端与活动载体20的侧壁抵接。压电振子422是具有逆压电效应并且根据极化方向和电场方向收缩或膨胀的基板,可以通过在单晶,多晶陶瓷,聚合物等在厚度方向上使基板极化来使用。逆压电效应是指在电介质的极化方向施加电场,电介质在产生电势差时发生机械变形。压电振子422具有超声波震荡的作用,能够在特定设置的电极层上实现偏摆往复运动或椭圆运动,从而能够带动摩擦头423进行偏摆往复运动或椭圆运动,进而实现对活动载体20的驱动。
需要指出的是:压电振子422是通过形变使摩擦头423发生运动的,而压电振子422形变时,摩擦头423与活动载体20的抵接面之间的角度随之变化,导致预压力P并非始终垂直作用于活动载体20的侧壁,而是预压力P的方向相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面具有一定倾斜。同时,当预压组件41的硬度较小时,例如预压组件41为弹片410时,预压组件41可能会由于压电振子422的形变产生一定程度的弯曲,导致预压力P的方向相对于抵接面的角度发生变化。也就是说,在一定情况下,预压力P的方向相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面是倾斜的,该情况下,致动组件42驱动活动载体20运动时,易引发活动载体20倾斜。
在一些现有的实施方式中,预压组件41设置为弹片410,弹片410位于压电振子422背向活动载体20的一侧,弹片410的端部与固定框架10固定连接,弹片410的中部抵在压电振子422的外侧面,利用弹片410的弹力实现预压力P的提供。由于弹片410刚度较小,易于形变,在提供预压力P后弹片410会发生弯曲,弹片410中部会有倾角产生,将导致压电振子422相对活动载体20产生预设之外的倾角。例如,理想情况下弹片410平行于压电振子422设置,以提供垂直于活动载体20的抵接面的预压力P,但是,实际使用时,弹片410弯曲使得压电振子422相对活动载体20倾斜,预压力P倾斜作用于活动载体20,引起活动载体20的倾斜。
尤其是,在一些现有的实施例中,支撑组件30被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处,从俯视角度看,被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处的支撑组件30与致动组件42在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置。致动组件42与活动载体20摩擦接触的中心位置到被设置于两个对角位置处的支撑组件30的连线的距离为力臂x,活动载体20位于对角的倾覆力矩M的大小与力臂x的大小正相关,三点设置的方式使得力臂x及倾覆力矩M较大,当活动载体20被致动组件42驱动时,活动载体20会产生较大的倾角,造成活动载体20倾斜,一旦活动载体20倾斜到一定程度,支撑组件30将被卡在活动载体20与固定框架10之间,造成活动载体20无法移动以实现光学对焦功能。现有的支撑组件30的设置方式会影响到光学对焦的速度和效果。
为了解决这个问题,本申请对支撑组件30的设置位置进行改进:本申请提供一种压电马达,应用于摄像模组,如图51-图60所示,其包括固定框架10、活动载体20、驱动组件40,及支撑组件30,活动载体20被可活动地设置于固定框架10,驱动组件40与固定框架10连接,同时抵接于活动载体20,支撑组件30被设置于固定框架10与活动载体20之间,支撑组件30与驱动组件40配合以使活动载体20被支撑于固定框架10上,并且,驱动组件40与支撑组件30设置在压电马达的同一侧。
相比于现有技术中两个支撑组件30和致动组件42的摩擦头423在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置,支撑组件30与驱动组件40设置在压电马达同一侧的设置方式,使得致动组件42的摩擦头423到两个支撑组件30之间的连线的距离减小,即x变小,从而力矩M变小。当活动载体20被致动组件42驱动发生移动时,活动载体20的倾角较小,活动载体20倾斜及支撑组件30卡死的风险降低,避免了影响光学对焦效果。此外,支撑组件30被设置于固定框架10与活动载体20之间,使得固定框架10与活动载体20的相对面之间存在一固定间隙,支撑组件30可以改变固定框架10与活动载体20之间的接触方式,例如点接触、线接触,相比固定框架10与活动载体20直接面接触产生摩擦的方式,减少了摩擦接触面积,因而能够减少活动载体20相对固定框架10运动时受到的摩擦力,活动载体20更易被驱动。
在部分可选实施例中,活动载体20设置于固定框架10内,活动载体20上设有镜头组件,镜头组件具有一光轴,驱动组件40能够驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10沿光轴方向运动,从而实现从而实现光学对焦功能。
在部分可选实施例中,驱动组件40包括预压组件41和致动组件42,预压组件41与固定框架10连接,致动组件42与预压组件41连接,预压组件41对致动组件42提供预压力P,使致动组件42的驱动端抵接于活动载体20并将预压力P作用于活动载体20,从而致动组件42适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动。
进一步的,致动组件42包括压电振子422和摩擦头423,压电振子422与预压组件41连接,摩擦头423固定在压电振子422朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头423作为驱动组件40的驱动端与活动载体20的侧壁抵接。通过压电振子422的高频微幅振动,使得摩擦头423发生运动,并通过摩擦头423与活动载体20外侧壁之间的摩擦,实现驱动活动载体20沿平行光轴的方向做直线运动。
在部分可选实施例中,致动组件42还包括压电线路板,压电线路板具体为柔性电路板421,简称FPC,压电线路板与压电振子422连接,以为压电振子422提供电源及驱动信号。具体的,压电线路板可以设置在压电振子422背向活动载体20的一面。
在部分可选实施例中,预压组件41设置在压电振子422背向活动载体20的一面,以便对设置在压电振子422朝向活动载体20一面的摩擦头423提供向活动载体20挤压的预压力P。进一步的,当致动组件42包括压电线路板时,压电线路板可以设置在压电振子422与预压组件41之间。
在部分可选实施例中,支撑组件30具体实施为滚珠,在预压组件41的作用下,多个滚珠被夹持在固定框架10与活动载体20之间,滚珠与活动载体20之间为点接触,多个滚珠形成一个支撑面,为活动载体20提供支撑力N,使得活动载体20被平行且稳定地支撑在固定框架10上。
参照图52所示,在另一部分可选实施例中,考虑到当活动载体20相对固定框架10产生一定倾角时,滚珠存在卡死的风险,以及,滚珠与固定框架10、活动载体20之间产生滑动摩擦时,滚珠可能处于滚动状态,也可能处于滑动状态,滚珠的运动状态具有不确定性,滚珠可以随意切换运动状态,增加了卡死风险。此外,滚珠还可能有脱落、与活动载体20和固定框架10摩擦或撞击产生碎屑,碎屑引发滚珠卡死。支撑组件30设置为滚珠时存在摩擦力不定,易卡死的缺陷,会影响到对焦效果,为此,在部分实施例中,支撑组件30具体实施为导杆。导杆至少设为两根,两根导杆共同形成一个支撑面,将活动载体20支撑在固定框架10上。导杆与固定框架10、活动载体20之间为线接触,相比滚珠减少了卡死的风险。
参照图53、图54所示,在部分可选实施例中,支撑组件30为导杆,并且,活动载体20上设有至少两个适于与导杆接触的凸起201,这至少两个凸起201在与导杆的长度方向平行的方向上间隔设置。能够理解的是,活动载体20通过凸起201来抵触导杆,而在两个相邻的凸起201之间会形成相对的凹陷,凹陷与导杆不接触,这能够减少活动载体20与导杆之间的摩擦接触面积,减少活动载体20运动时受到的摩擦阻力,而凸起201在导杆长度方向上间隔设置,则是为了在导杆长度方向上的至少两个点或两个区域对导杆进行支撑,使导杆得以被平稳地支撑。
在部分可选实施例中,各个凸起201的凸出高度一致,以保持导杆的长度方向与光轴平行。
在部分可选实施例中,活动载体20设有两个凸起201,并且两个凸起201位于活动载体20的两端,活动载体20的中部相对凹陷以与支撑组件30的中部分离。以最少数量的凸起201实现减少摩擦接触面积、平稳支撑导杆的目的,并且结构比较简单,易加工成型。
能够理解的是,本申请并不限制支撑组件30具体为滚珠或导杆或其他结构,只要能够提供出一个支撑面以支撑活动载体20,并减少活动载体20运动时的摩擦阻力即可,例如支撑组件30还可以被实施为被固定于活动载体20或者固定框架10上的滑块。
在部分可选实施例中,支撑组件30包括第一支撑件31和第二支撑件32,第一支撑件31与第二支撑件32分别位于驱动组件40的两侧。两个支撑组件30分别从驱动组件40的两侧为活动载体20提供支撑力N,使得活动载体20能被平稳地支撑在固定框架10内。
进一步的,第一支撑件31与第二支撑件32被对称的设置在驱动组件40的两侧,以向活动载体20的两侧提供对等的支撑力N,避免了活动载体20发生围绕光轴方向的转动产生倾斜的问题。
具体的,固定框架10具有第一框架侧部11,活动载体20具有第一载体侧部21,第一框架侧部11与第一载体侧部21相对设置,驱动组件40被设置于第一框架侧部11与第一框架侧部11之间。
进一步的,第一框架侧部11上设有一贯穿其内外两侧的开口111,预压组件41与第一框架侧部11的外表面连接,致动组件42与预压组件41连接并经过该开口111抵接在第一载体侧部21的外表面上。驱动组件40部分被容纳在开口111内,减少了驱动组件40需要额外占用的空间,减少了压电马达的尺寸。
固定框架10设有朝向活动载体20方向凸出的第一内凸部12和第二内凸部13,第一载体侧部21的两端设有朝向固定框架10方向凸出的第一外凸部22和第二外凸部23。第一外凸部22位于第一框架侧部11与第一内凸部12之间,第二外凸部23位于第一框架侧部11与第二内凸部13之间,第一支撑件31位于第一外凸部22与第一内凸部12之间,第二支撑件32位于第二外凸部23与第二内凸部13之间。内凸部与外凸部的结构设置,使得支撑组件30得以与驱动组件40一起被设置在压电马达的同一侧,支撑组件30被夹持在内凸部与外凸部之间,从而通过减少x的值,实现降低作用在活动载体20上的倾覆力矩M的值,降低了活动载体20倾斜的风险。
在部分可选实施例中,固定框架10包括与第一框架侧部11相邻的第二框架侧部14和第三框架侧部15,第二框架侧部14与第三框架侧部15相对设置,并分别与第一框架侧部11呈一定夹角,第一内凸部12设置在第二框架侧部14上,并设置在相对靠近第一框架侧部11的一侧,第一内凸部12与第一框架侧部11之间形成适于容纳第一外凸部22及第一支撑件31的空间,第二内凸部13设置在第三框架侧部15上,并设置在相对靠近第一框架侧部11的一侧,第二内凸部13与第一框架侧部11之间形成适于容纳第二外凸部23与第二支撑件32的空间。
在部分可选实施例中,活动载体20包括与第一载体侧部21相邻的第二载体侧部24和第三载体侧部25,第二载体侧部24与第三载体侧部25相对设置,并分别与第一载体侧部21相交,第一载体侧部21的左端相对第二载体侧部24向左凸出,形成第一外凸部22,第一外凸部22与第二载体侧部24之间形成适于容纳第一内凸部12及第一支撑件31的空间,第一载体侧部21的右端相对第三载体侧部25向右凸出,形成第二外凸部23,第二外凸部23与第三载体侧部25之间形成适于容纳第二内凸部13及第二支撑件32的空间。
进一步的,为了实现第一支撑件31与第二支撑件32关于驱动组件40对称设置,驱动组件40设置在第一框架侧部11的中心,第一内凸部12与第二内凸部13关于驱动组件40对称设置,第一外凸部22与第二外凸部23关于驱动组件40对称设置。
在部分可选实施例中,第一内凸部12上设有第一引导槽121,第一外凸部22上设有第二引导槽221,第一引导槽121与第二引导槽221相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第一通道2a,第一支撑件31设置于第一通道2a内,以引导活动载体20的运动方向。能够理解的是,第一支撑件31是持续被夹持在两侧的引导槽中的,当活动载体20相对固定框架10运动时,第一支撑件31与两侧的引导槽配合,能对活动载体20的运动方向起到限制作用,引导活动载体20沿第一方向运动,也就是说,第一支撑件31除了支撑活动载体20外,还能起到定位作用。
具体的,本实施例中,第一方向为光轴方向,并且,如图55所示,第一引导槽121与第二引导槽221为一组槽口相对设置的V型槽,第一引导槽121与第二引导槽221将圆柱状的第一支撑件31夹持固定在第一通道2a内。
在部分可选实施例中,与第一支撑件31的装配结构相似的,第二内凸部13上设有第三引导槽,第二外凸部23上设有第四引导槽,第三引导槽与第四引导槽相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第二通道2b,第二支撑件32设置于第二通道2b内,同样能起到引导活动载体20的运动方向的作用。
但是这部分可选实施例中的压电马达,在实际生产装配过程中,由于固定框架10和活动载体20存在一定的制造公差和装配公差,各个引导槽的实际位置与理论上预设的位置之间可能存在一定偏移,导致难以将两组引导槽同时对准,而两个相对的引导槽之间的错位势必将导致对应的支撑组件30存在难以装配、未装配好的问题。例如将第一引导槽121与第二引导槽221对准后,第三引导槽与第四引导槽之间可能存在错位,导致第二支撑件32难以安装进第二通道2b内。换句话说,以图51所示角度为参考,要想使得第一支撑件31与第二支撑件32同时起到对活动载体20在左右方向上的定位作用,则要求生产制造压电马达时采用极高的加工精度,需要付出较大的加工成本。
本申请中,第二内凸部13上设有第一支撑部131,第二外凸部23上设有第二支撑部231,第一支撑部131与第二支撑部231相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第二通道2b,第二支撑件32设置于第二通道2b内。具体的,第二内凸部13面向第一框架侧部11的一面设有第一支撑部131,第二外凸部23背向第一框架侧部11的一面设有第二支撑部231。第一支撑件31与第二支撑件32配合形成一个支撑面,使得活动载体20被平稳地支撑在固定框架10上。并且,第二内凸部13可以实施为与第一内凸部12相同的结构,例如设置与第一引导槽121相对的第三引导槽,以第三引导槽作为第一支撑部131,第二内凸部13也可以实施为与第一内凸部12不同的结构,即,此时,第一支撑部131可以实施为与第一引导槽121不同的结构。第二外凸部23及第二支撑部231同理。
作为改进的,在部分可选实施例中,第一支撑件31对活动载体20起支撑和定位作用,第二支撑件32对活动载体20起到支撑作用,而不起到定位作用,这样能够解决第二支撑件32难以装配的问题。
具体的,第一支撑部131、第二支撑部231中的至少一者设有适于与第二支撑件32接触的支撑平面202,第二支撑件32适于沿支撑平面202调整在垂直于第一方向上的位置。从而即使第一支撑部131与第二支撑部231之间存在一定范围的错位,第二支撑件32依旧能够被轻松的装配进第一支撑部131与第二支撑部231之间的第二通道2b内。换句话说,支撑平面202的设置使得固定框架10与活动载体20允许存在一定范围内的制造公差,降低了固定框架10与活动载体20的加工制造的精度要求,降低了加工装配的难度和成本。
更具体的,如图56所示,本实施例中,第一支撑部131、第二支撑部231中的至少一者设有适于与第二支撑件32接触的支撑平面202具体实施为:第二内凸部13上的第一支撑部131上设有一平面槽,平面槽在左右方向上,即同时垂直于光轴方向和预压力P方向的方向上,存在一定宽度,使得第二支撑件32能够沿该平面槽的槽底调整在左右方向上的位置,此时平面槽的槽底构成了一支撑平面202。第二外凸部23上的第二支撑部231未设置凹槽,而是直接提供了沿左右方向延伸一定宽度的平面,使得第二支撑件32能够沿此平面,也就是沿第二支撑部231左右滑动调整位置,此时,该平面即另一支撑平面202。
进一步的,第一支撑部131设为平面槽时,该平面槽的左侧壁与右侧壁分别向第二支撑部231延伸设置,从而在左右两侧形成两个限位面,能够限制出第二支撑件32在左右方向上的运动范围,避免第二支撑件32在左右方向上脱出第二通道2b。
在其他实施例中,第一支撑部131也可以设置为非平面槽结构,第二支撑部231也可以设置为平面槽结构,只要能够提供出至少一个支撑平面202即可。作为补充的,限位面的具体结构和设置位置也并不作具体限制,只要能起到防止第二支撑件32在左右方向上脱出第二通道2b的作用即可。例如,可以将第一支撑部131、第二支撑部231中的一者设为V型槽,另一者设为平面槽,第二支撑件32在装配时能沿平面槽的槽底滑动微调,并能够正对着卡入V型槽,被V型槽限位。又或者,第一支撑部131、第二支撑部231均设置为平面槽结构。
在部分可选实施例中,第一支撑件31为第一导杆,第二支撑件32为第二导杆,第一导杆与第二导杆均平行于光轴设置在固定框架10与活动载体20之间,并与固定框架10、活动载体20分别线接触。
在另一部分可选实施例中,第一支撑件31、第二支撑件32也可以是滚珠,滚珠与固定框架10、活动载体20分别点接触。进一步的,第一支撑件31包括至少两颗沿第一通道2a延伸方向间隔设置的滚珠,第二支撑件32包括至少两颗沿第二通道2b延伸方向间隔设置的滚珠,以对活动载体20提供更稳定的支撑。
在部分可选实施例中,第一支撑件31设置于第一通道2a内,并适于沿第一方向运动,第二支撑件32设置于第二通道2b内,并至少适于沿第一方向运动。
能够理解的是,本申请虽然将驱动组件40左侧的支撑组件30记为第一支撑件31,将驱动组件40右侧的支撑组件30记为第二支撑件32,但,实际上,第一支撑件31也可以是驱动组件40右侧的支撑组件30,第二支撑件32也可以是驱动组件40左侧的支撑组件30。第一内凸部12、第二内凸部13、第一外凸部22、第二外凸部23等结构同理。
需要指出的是,在支撑组件30与活动载体20非点接触的情况下,例如支撑组件30为导杆的情况下,为了减少活动载体20与导杆接触面积而设置的凸起201,与第二引导槽221及第二支撑部231并不矛盾。参照图54所示,本实施例中,第二引导槽221为V型槽,该V型槽靠两个侧壁与导杆接触,该V型槽的两个侧壁的中部向下凹陷以避免与导杆接触,该V型槽的两个侧壁的两端分别凸出,形成了部分的、 所谓的凸起201。而第二支撑部231实际上相当于凸起201背离固定框架10的第一框架侧部11的一面,即,第二外凸部23上设有部分凸起201,这部分凸起201与第三载体侧部25相对的一面形成了第二支撑部231。
为了更清楚的阐述本申请的方案,本申请进一步公开驱动组件40中预压组件41部分的相关结构。
在部分可选实施例中,预压组件41为弹性结构,如弹片410。具体的,弹片410可以与致动组件42胶水粘接。
在部分可选实施例中,考虑到弹片410会随压电振子422形变,导致预压力P倾斜作用于活动载体20,进而引发活动载体20倾斜的问题,本申请对预压组件41进行改进:如图52及图57-图60所示,预压组件41包括结构件411及缓冲件412,结构件411与固定框架10连接,缓冲件412设置在结构件411与致动组件42之间,并适于受结构件411与致动组件42的挤压而形变。换句话说,致动组件42通过缓冲件412被贴附在结构件411上。
现有技术中预压组件41会发生形变弯曲,导致致动组件42相对活动载体20倾斜,进而致动组件42驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10在两个相反方向上的运动速度不一致,影响压电马达的驱动效果,本申请改进预压组件41的结构,结构件411不会在预压力P的作用下发生明显的变形,能够防止致动组件42相对活动载体20倾斜,提升压电马达的驱动效果,进而提升摄像模组的拍摄效果。由于缓冲件412可以变形,将缓冲件412设置在结构件411与致动组件42之间,在组装压电马达时,通过缓冲件412的形变,能够抵消至少部分的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力P变化,从而提升同一批次多个压电马达中的预压力P的一致性。此外,还解决了由于UV胶或热固胶等粘合剂固化后弹性模量较大,导致致动组件42中的压电振子422与弹片410形成一个刚性整体,影响压电振子422的振动模态,从而影响驱动效果的问题,本申请的缓冲件412可以吸收压电振子422的部分形变,利于保持压电振子422相对活动载体20的设置角度,使压电振子422的实际运动状态与设计值接近,减少外部环境,如预压组件41形变,对压电振子422运动的影响。
具体的,结合图52、图57所示,活动载体20设置在固定框架10内,固定框架10上设有一贯穿固定框架10内外两侧的开口111,结构件411设置在固定框架10的外侧,并且结构件411在至少一方向的尺寸大于开口111的尺寸,以使结构件411能被固定在固定框架10外侧,缓冲件412及致动组件42穿过开口111,从而致动组件42得以抵接于活动载体20。应可以理解,开口111的长宽尺寸大于或者等于致动组件42和缓冲件412的长宽尺寸,以使得致动组件42和缓冲件412可以穿过开口111从而使致动组件42可以抵接于活动载体20。压电振子422被容纳在开口111内,减少因为压电振子422外置带来的尺寸增加,减少了该压电马达的尺寸。需要补充说明的是,本申请中,驱动组件40中缓冲件412、压电振子422等各元件,及固定框架10上的开口111的尺寸指的是,沿致动组件42、缓冲件412、结构件411之间的安装方向,各个元件投影在结构件411上的大小。
更具体的,缓冲件412呈薄片状,其分别用于与致动组件42和结构件411相贴附的两个侧面相平行,也就是说,缓冲件412的外侧面与内侧面平行设置,结构件411面向缓冲件412的一面为平面,该平面与固定框架10的外侧面及致动组件42连接,从而致动组件42可以被保持平行的贴附在结构件411上,从而保持致动组件42相对活动载体20和固定框架10的平行度,使致动组件42被平行的设置于活动载体20和固定框架10之间。
考虑到虽然能通过缓冲件412自发的产生自适应的形变,能起到抵消至少部分物料公差和组装公差的作用,降低同一批次多个压电马达中的预压力P大小差距。但是,各压电马达的预压力P一致性依旧有待提高。
为此,本申请通过在压电马达组装过程中,调整对结构件411施加的压力,使结构件411逐渐向活动载体20靠拢的过程中,调整缓冲件412的受挤压程度和形变程度,从而设定初始状态时压电马达的预压力P处于一预设值,再将结构件411固定在固定框架10上,固定结构件411与固定框架10外侧面之间的间距,以维持预设大小的预压力P,从而多个压电马达中的预压力P的一致性得以显著提高。
鉴于不同压电马达之间的物料公差与组装公差存在差异,在公差较小的压电马达中,可能结构件411向活动载体20运动较短距离的情况下,预压组件41产生的预压力P值已经达到预设值大小,此时结构件411朝向缓冲件412的一面与固定框架10的外侧面之间存在间隙。
在一些可选实施例中,如图60所示,结构件411通过粘合剂61与固定框架10连接,粘合剂61 包覆结构件411的周侧的至少一部分。能够理解的是,如果将粘合剂61设置在结构件411朝向固定框架10的一面与固定框架10的外侧面之间,则在涂覆胶水时需要先使结构件411朝向固定框架10的一面、固定框架10的外侧面处于暴露状态,以便涂覆胶水,存在操作不便的问题,还易妨碍通过对结构件411施加朝向活动载体20的力以调整预压力P大小的这个组装步骤。将粘合剂61包覆在结构件411周侧的方式,具有操作方便、高效的特点,便于实际组装时采用。应可以理解,粘合剂61同时包覆固定框架10的外侧面和结构件411的周侧的至少一部分。
作为改进的,部分可选实施例中,将粘合剂61包覆在结构件411周侧时,粘合剂61延伸至结构件411背向固定框架10的一面。换句话说,部分粘合剂61设置在致动组件42、缓冲件412、结构件411的安装方向上。这样的设置能够使粘合剂61具备更好的固定作用,将结构件411紧紧压向固定框架10、活动载体20的方向,从而持续地、稳定地提供预压力P。
作为补充的,在一具体实施例中,结构件411在一特定方向上的尺寸超过固定框架10上开口111的尺寸。结构件411为长方形,沿其长度方向,结构件411的中部相对开口111设置,结构件411的两端与固定框架10上开口111周围的壳体相对。粘合剂61包覆在结构件411的两端,使得结构件411得以与固定框架10连接。在另一些具体实施例中,结构件411设为其他形状。结构件411可能在多个方向的尺寸都大于开口111的尺寸,结构件411的多个端部或整个外周都与开口111周围的壳体相对,粘合剂61包覆在结构件411周侧的至少两个分散的点上,以实现结构件411与固定框架10的连接。
在一具体实施例中,粘合剂61采用UV胶。UV胶又称为紫外线胶,是一种单组分UV可见光固化改性丙烯酸脂结构胶。UV胶是通过紫外线光照射实现固化的一类胶粘剂。在一具体实施例中,组装压电马达时,可以先使用UV胶涂覆在结构件411朝向固定框架10的一面和固定框架10的外侧面上,再通过UV光,即紫外线照射固化胶水,完成结构件411的固定,此时结构件411与固定框架10之间的间距被确定,预压力P处于初始的预设值。当然,也可以将UV胶包覆在结构件411的周侧并使UV胶同时与固定框架10的外侧面接触。
在一具体实施例中,粘合胶采用UV热固胶,UV热固胶是一种既可以通过紫外线固化,也可以通过加热、烘烤进行固化的胶水。在一具体实施例中,组装压电马达时,可以先使用UV热固胶涂覆在结构件411与固定框架10上并照射紫外线,将结构件411初步固定在固定框架10上,待结构件411与固定框架10之间的间距被确定后再进行加热,实现UV热固胶的完全固化。
在一些可选实施例中,结构件411通过焊接、热铆等方式被固定在固定框架10的外侧面上。
在部分可选实施例中,缓冲件412可以被实施为胶带,缓冲件412的两个相对面分别与结构件411、致动组件42粘接。胶带连接相比胶水连接的方式具有至少三个优点:一是避免了高弹性模量胶的使用,例如固化后弹性模量至少达到1GPa的UV胶,高弹性模量胶将会影响缓冲件412、压电振子422的形变;二是操作简便,可以将致动组件42直接贴附在结构件411上,不必有涂覆胶水、固化胶水等步骤;三是胶带平行度相对较好,能够提供两个平行的相对面分别粘接致动组件42和结构件411,利于提高致动组件42相对固定框架10及活动载体20的平行度。
在部分可选实施例中,缓冲件412的尺寸大于致动组件42的尺寸,特指大于致动组件42中压电振子422的尺寸,以使致动组件42与结构件411之间被缓冲件412完全填充,利于保证连接结构强度,以及致动组件42的安装平行度。
进一步的,参考图58、图59,本申请对压电振子422的工作原理进行简单说明。
为了便于描述,图58中以箭头所示方向指示压电振子422的厚度方向,也即上下方向,以压电振子422的长度方向作为压电振子422的前后方向,以宽度方向作为压电振子422的前后方向。
压电振子422为多层堆叠结构,具体的,压电振子422在厚度方向,以陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层、电极层...陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层的顺序堆叠而成,每个电极层设置于两个相邻的陶瓷层之间,并且压电振子422的上半部分、下半部分之间分别采用方向相反的极化方式。
压电振子422的侧面共设有四个侧电极,分别记为第一侧电极4221、第二侧电极4222、第三侧电极4223、第四侧电极4224,其中第一侧电极4221与第二侧电极4222前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子422的左侧,第三侧电极4223与第四侧电极4224前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子422的右侧。第一侧电极4221与第二侧电极4222位于压电振子422前面的左右两侧,并分别适于接入两个频率相同但 不同相位的电信号,如图59中的X信号和Y信号,第二侧电极4222与第四侧电极位于压电振子422后面的左右两侧,并分别接地。
易于理解的是,侧电极的接入电信号及接地是通过与柔性电路板421电连接实现的。
四个侧电极均在压电振子422的厚度方向延伸,依次与最上层的电极层、中间的若干电极层及最下层的电极层电连接,使相邻电极层之间产生电场,陶瓷层在该电场的作用下发生伸长或收缩的形变,图59中以相向的箭头示意收缩,以向背的箭头示意伸长。通过多层堆叠的结构,每相邻两个电极层之间形成的电场在上下方向得以叠加。于是,驱动整个压电振子422弯曲振动所需要的电压被降低。电极层的层数及陶瓷层的层数可依据具体能提供的驱动力需求和电压需求设计。
为了更清楚的解释压电振子422的工作原理,基于上述设置,将压电振子422划分为左上区段、右上区段、左下区段、右下区段,并在侧电极接入电信号时截取t1至t4四个时间点进行观察,压电振子422分别在t1、t2、t3和t4四个时刻产生如图59中所示意的四个形变状态,t1时刻,左上区段和右上区段收缩,左下区段和右下区段伸长,压电振子422向上弯曲,摩擦头423相对向下运动,t2时刻,左上区段和右下区段收缩,左下区段和右上区段伸长,因而压电振子422左侧向上弯曲,右侧向下弯曲,摩擦头423向左上运动,t3时刻与t4时刻摩擦头423先向上运动,再向右下运动,下一次输入电信号与t1相同的时刻,摩擦头423向下运动至与t1相同位置,压电振子422在这四个形变状态中切换,从而使得被固定于压电振子422的上表面的摩擦头423产生如图所示意的椭圆运动。摩擦头423得以通过高频推动活动载体20运动。
在一些实施例中,为使压电马达的驱动性能提升,压电振子422可以由压电陶瓷材料或压电单晶材料制成,压电振子422可以是单层陶瓷体或单层单晶体,也可以是多层陶瓷体或多层单晶体,例如,锆钛酸铅(PZT)基压电陶瓷、铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷、钛酸钡(BT)基压电陶瓷、铌镁酸铅-铌铟酸铅(PMN-PT)基压电单晶等。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头423采用耐磨材料制成,例如可以采用各种高硬度耐磨陶瓷材料制成,如氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅陶瓷,或者高耐磨金属材料、碳纤维材料,或者陶瓷、金属颗粒与高分子的复合材料等,以便提高摩擦头423的耐磨性,利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头423之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长摩擦头423的使用寿命。
相对的,在一些实施例中,参照图55所示,活动载体20上设有耐磨部26,摩擦头423抵触在耐磨部26上,具体的,耐磨部26可以是耐磨涂层,或通过粘接、嵌件注塑成一体等方式装配在活动载体20上的耐摩擦板,或者是活动载体20上凹凸不平的外表面等等能实现耐摩擦作用的结构,耐磨部26的设置利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头423之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长使用寿命。
进一步的,当耐磨部26设置为耐摩擦板时,可以通过粘接、紧固件连接、嵌件注塑等方式固定在活动载体20上,以与活动载体20形成一体的受力结构,并且参照摩擦头423的材质,耐摩擦板可以采用与摩擦头423相同或不同的耐磨材料制成。
能够理解的是,本申请对于摩擦头423及耐摩擦板的具体形状并不作具体限制。在具体实施例中,摩擦头423的形状可以为球体、半球体、长方体、台体、圆柱体、半圆柱体等等,耐摩擦板可以为片状或块状。在本申请的一个示例中,摩擦头423为圆柱体形状,圆柱状摩擦头423如图50所示竖放,或如图58所示横放在压电振子422上,以提供驱动组件40与活动载体20之间的线摩擦,摩擦头423与活动载体20的耐磨部26之间线接触,相比点接触的方式具有更大的摩擦,具有较好的驱动力和驱动效果。
摩擦头423的数量可以为一个,也可以为两个及以上。本实施例中,压电振子422为矩形长条形状,摩擦头423凸出设置于压电振子422朝向活动载体20的一面的中心位置,能够增大摩擦头423的单位驱动行程。另一实施例中,摩擦头423的数量为两个,两个摩擦头423沿压电振子422的长度方向间隔设置,压电振子422的长度方向与其驱动活动载体20的运动方向平行。在沿驱动组件的驱动方向上,压电振子422朝向活动载体20的一面设有至少两个摩擦头423,从而增加驱动行程。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头423与压电振子422可以为一体式结构,也可以为可拆卸结构,摩擦头423与压电振子422可以通过粘接、卡接、嵌套、焊接或者紧固件连接等方式固定于压电振子422上,摩擦头423与压电振子422之间面接触,以保证连接强度,摩擦头423能随着压电振子422的形变产生明显的运动。
本申请还能提供一种摄像模组,其包括:上述的压电马达、镜头组件,以及感光组件,镜头组件 设置在所述压电马达中,感光组件相对所述镜头组件设置。由于搭载有光学镜头的活动载体能够顺畅地调节,利于实现聚焦功能,提高成像质量。
如图61、图62所示,现有技术中一应用于摄像模组的驱动装置,其包括固定框架10、活动载体20、驱动组件30及支撑组件40,活动载体20被可活动地设置于固定框架10,驱动组件30与固定框架10连接,同时抵接于活动载体20,并适于在接收驱动信号时驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动,支撑组件40则设置在固定框架10与活动载体20之间,使得固定框架10与活动载体20的相对面之间存在一固定间隙,能够减少活动载体20相对固定框架10运动时受到的摩擦力。
部分可选实施例中,活动载体20上搭载有镜头组件,镜头组件具有一光轴,活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,以实现对焦功能。
其中,驱动组件30具体被实施为压电驱动器。部分具体实施例中,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供一预压力,使致动组件32抵接于活动载体20的一侧。致动组件32则包括压电振子322和摩擦头323,压电振子322与预压组件31连接,摩擦头323固定在压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头323在预压力的作用下抵接于活动载体20的侧壁,即摩擦头323与预压组件31分别被设置于压电振子322相对的两侧。压电振子322是具有逆压电效应并且根据极化方向和电场方向收缩或膨胀的基板,可以通过在单晶,多晶陶瓷,聚合物等在厚度方向上使基板极化来使用。逆压电效应是指在电介质的极化方向施加电场,电介质在产生电势差时发生机械变形。压电振子322具有超声波震荡的作用,能够在特定设置的电极层上实现偏摆往复运动或椭圆运动,从而能够带动摩擦头323进行偏摆往复运动或椭圆运动,进而通过摩擦头323与活动载体20外侧壁之间的摩擦,实现驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动,也就是说,驱动力其实可以理解为摩擦头323对活动载体20施加的摩擦力。
支撑组件40共有两个,并分别被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处,从俯视角度看,被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处的支撑组件40与致动组件32在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置。部分具体实施例中,支撑组件40为滚珠或导杆。能够理解的是,当支撑组件40为滚珠时,一般是在活动载体20的两个对角处分别设置一排滚珠,两排滚珠为活动载体20提供一支撑平面。
需要指出的是:压电振子322是通过形变使摩擦头323发生运动的,而压电振子322形变时,摩擦头323与活动载体20的抵接面之间的角度随之变化,导致预压力并非始终垂直作用于活动载体20的侧壁,而是预压力的方向相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面具有一定倾斜。同时,当预压组件31的硬度较小时,例如预压组件31为弹片310时,预压组件31可能会由于压电振子322的形变产生一定程度的弯曲,导致预压力的方向相对于抵接面的角度发生变化。也就是说,在一定情况下,预压力的方向相对活动载体20的侧壁所在的平面是倾斜的,该情况下,致动组件32驱动活动载体20运动时,易引发活动载体20倾斜。
其中,如图62所示,预压组件31设置为弹片310时,弹片310位于压电振子322背向活动载体20的一侧,弹片310的端部与固定框架10固定连接,弹片310的中部抵在压电振子322的外侧面,利用弹片310的弹力实现预压力的提供。由于弹片310刚度较小,易于形变,在提供预压力后弹片310会发生弯曲,弹片310中部会有倾角产生,将导致压电振子322相对活动载体20产生预设之外的倾角。例如,理想情况下弹片310平行于活动载体20的抵接面设置,以提供垂直于活动载体20的抵接面的预压力,但是,实际使用时,弹片310弯曲使得压电振子322相对活动载体20倾斜,预压力倾斜作用于活动载体20,引起活动载体20的倾斜。
特别是,在图61所示这种支撑组件40被设置于活动载体20的两个对角位置处的情况下,致动组件32与活动载体20摩擦接触的中心位置到被设置于两个对角位置处的支撑组件40的连线的距离为力臂x,活动载体20位于对角的倾覆力矩M的大小与力臂x的大小正相关,三点设置的方式使得力臂x及倾覆力矩M较大,当活动载体20被致动组件32驱动时,活动载体20会产生较大的倾角,造成活动载体20倾斜,影响光学对焦的速度和效果。此外,在这种支撑组件40设置于对角的结构中,两个对角的支撑组件40可能会产生不确定的摩擦力,造成活动载体20的移动行程和移动速度不达标,而且,对角的支撑组件40可能会对驱动组件30产生挤压,造成支撑组件40部分的摩擦力增大。
更为糟糕的是,当支撑组件40实施为滚珠时,滚珠与两侧的固定框架10的侧壁及活动载体20的侧壁都是点接触,一旦活动载体20发生倾斜,每侧的支撑组件40中的滚珠中的至少一个会无法同时与固定框架10及活动载体20抵接,易导致活动载体20与滚珠之间卡死,或者活动载体20与滚珠脱落等情况, 使得活动载体20无法继续移动,影响对焦效果。当然,当支撑组件40被实施为导杆时,情况会比滚珠好一些,但同样活动载体20倾斜也会影响光学对焦的效果。
为了解决上述问题,本申请首先改进了固定框架10与活动载体20之间的支撑结构,即支撑组件40相关的结构。
本申请提供一种驱动装置,应用于摄像模组,如图63-图74所示,其包括固定框架10、活动载体20、驱动组件30及支撑组件40,活动载体20被可活动地设置于固定框架10,驱动组件30与固定框架10连接,同时抵接于活动载体20,对活动载体20施加一预压力,并适于在接收驱动信号时驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动,支撑组件40包括第一支撑件41与第二支撑件42,第一支撑件41分别抵接所述固定框架10与所述活动载体20,所述第二支撑件42与所述固定框架10和/或所述活动载体20之间存在一定间隙。
结合图65-图67所示,在预压力的作用下,第一支撑件41同时抵接固定框架10和活动载体20,第一支撑件41被紧装配,第二支撑件42与所述固定框架10和/或所述活动载体20之间存在一定间隙,此间隙的存在可以为活动载体20的调整提供一定的余地,也就是说第二支撑件42被松装配。该支撑组件40的支撑原理是:当活动载体20被驱动组件30驱动时,第一支撑件41始终对活动载体20提供支撑,以保证活动载体20移动的平行度。而在活动载体20倾斜的情况下,第二支撑件42处的间隙能够为活动载体20的位置调整提供一定余量空间,并且,活动载体20倾斜到一定程度时,第二支撑件42的两侧分别抵接固定框架10与活动载体20,能够修正活动载体20,避免活动载体20倾斜,进而避免影响活动载体20的移动。
能够理解的是,第二支撑件42与所述固定框架10和/或所述活动载体20之间存在一定间隙包括:第二支撑件42抵接固定框架10并与活动载体20之间存在间隙、第二支撑件42抵接活动载体20并与固定框架10之间存在间隙、第二支撑件42与固定框架10、活动载体20之间均存在间隙三者情况,只要第二支撑件42处能够提供出供活动载体20调整的间隙即可。
部分可选实施例中,活动载体20上搭载有镜头组件,镜头组件具有一光轴,活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,以实现对焦功能。
进一步的,该固定框架10被活动设置在其他框架上,以实现防抖功能,防抖结构具体可以实施为压电马达、音圈马达或记忆合金马达等。其中,压电马达的结构可以参考本申请驱动装置的改进方案进行优化。
在部分可选实施例中,如图64所示,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供一预压力,使致动组件32抵接于活动载体20的一侧。致动组件32则包括压电振子322和摩擦头323,压电振子322与预压组件31连接,摩擦头323固定在压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头323在预压力的作用下抵接于活动载体20的侧壁,以驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动。
部分可选实施例中,致动组件32还包括压电线路板,压电线路板具体为柔性电路板321,简称FPC,压电线路板与压电振子322连接,以为压电振子322提供电源及驱动信号。具体的,压电线路板可以设置在压电振子322背向活动载体20的一面。
部分可选实施例中,预压组件31设置在压电振子322背向活动载体20的一面,以便对设置在压电振子322朝向活动载体20一面的摩擦头323提供向活动载体20挤压的预压力。进一步的,当致动组件32包括压电线路板时,压电线路板可以设置在压电振子322与预压组件31之间。
部分可选实施例中,第一支撑件41具体实施为一排滚珠,在预压组件31的作用下,多个滚珠被夹持在固定框架10与活动载体20之间,滚珠与活动载体20之间为点接触,多个滚珠为活动载体20提供支撑力,使得活动载体20被平行且稳定地支撑在固定框架10上。
在另一部分可选实施例中,考虑到当活动载体20相对固定框架10产生一定倾角时,滚珠存在卡死的风险,以及,滚珠与固定框架10、活动载体20之间产生滑动摩擦时,滚珠可能处于滚动状态,也可能处于滑动状态,滚珠的运动状态具有不确定性,滚珠可以随意切换运动状态,增加了卡死风险。此外,滚珠还可能有脱落、与活动载体20和固定框架10摩擦或撞击产生碎屑,碎屑引发滚珠卡死。也就是说,支撑组件40设置为滚珠时存在摩擦力不定,易卡死的缺陷,会影响到对焦效果。作为改进的,在部分实施例 中,第一支撑件41具体实施为导杆。
第二支撑件42与第一支撑件41的结构可以相同,也可以不同。部分可选实施例中,第二支撑件42为滚珠,在另一部分可选实施例中,第二支撑件42为导杆。
本实施例中,第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42均为导杆,两根导杆相互平行、沿光轴方向延伸,以保证第一支撑件41和第二支撑件42之间的一致性。导杆与固定框架10、活动载体20抵接时均以线接触的方式,在驱动组件30驱动活动载体20相对于固定框架10沿光轴方向移动时,导杆能够始终对活动载体20保持支撑,活动载体20在导杆的支撑下不易产生倾角,活动载体20与导杆之间不易产生卡死的问题,能够降低活动载体20倾斜的风险,进而避免影响光学对焦功能。
部分可选实施例中,固定框架10和/或活动载体20上设有针对支撑组件40的限位结构,以避免支撑组件40从固定框架10、活动载体20相对的两个抵接面之间脱落。
需要指出的是,本申请并不限制支撑组件40具体为滚珠或导杆或其他结构,只要能够支撑活动载体20即可,例如支撑组件40还可以被实施为被固定于活动载体20或者固定框架10上的滑块。
另一方面,本申请还从降低倾覆力矩M的角度,对驱动组件30与支撑组件40的位置进行了改进,将支撑组件40与驱动组件30设置在驱动装置的同一侧,以进一步降低活动载体20倾斜的概率。
对比图61与图63,相比于现有技术中两个支撑组件40和致动组件32的摩擦头323在活动载体20的侧壁呈三点设置,支撑组件40与驱动组件30设置在驱动装置同一侧的设置方式,使得致动组件32的摩擦头323到两个支撑组件40之间的连线的距离减小,即x变小,从而作用在活动载体20的倾覆力矩M变小。当活动载体20被致动组件32驱动发生移动时,活动载体20的倾角较小,活动载体20倾斜及支撑组件40卡死的风险降低,避免了影响光学对焦效果。此外,支撑组件40被设置于固定框架10与活动载体20之间,使得固定框架10与活动载体20的相对面之间存在一固定间隙,支撑组件40可以改变固定框架10与活动载体20之间的接触方式,例如点接触、线接触,相比固定框架10与活动载体20直接面接触产生摩擦的方式,减少了摩擦接触面积,因而能够减少活动载体20相对固定框架10运动时受到的摩擦力,活动载体20更易被驱动。
进一步的,支撑组件40与驱动组件30设置在驱动装置的同一侧包括两种实施方式:一种是所述第一支撑件41与所述第二支撑件42位于所述驱动组件30的同侧,另一种是第一支撑件41与所述第二支撑件42位于所述驱动组件30的两侧。两种实施方式下都能实现减小驱动组件30的摩擦头323到第一支撑件41和第二支撑件42的连线的距离,即减少活动载体20倾覆力臂x的目的。
在本施例中,如图63所示,第一支撑件41与所述第二支撑件42位于所述驱动组件30的同侧。进一步的,所述第一支撑件41相对所述第二支撑件42更靠近所述驱动组件30。结合第一支撑件41为紧装配,第二支撑件42为松装配,活动载体20未发生倾斜的情况下,驱动组件30的摩擦头323到第一支撑件41的距离即为活动载体20的倾覆力矩M的力臂x,第一支撑件41离驱动组件30越近,则力臂x越小,倾覆力矩M越小。
进一步的,沿预压力方向,所述第一支撑件41、所述第二支撑件42,及所述驱动组件30沿一直线设置。换句话说,摩擦头323的中心、第一支撑件41的中心,及第二支撑件42的中心位于一条直线上。则驱动组件30的摩擦头323到第一支撑件41和第二支撑件42的连线的距离就是摩擦头323到第一支撑件41的距离,即使在活动载体20已经发生倾斜的情况下,摩擦头323到第一支撑件41的距离就是活动载体20的倾覆力矩M对应的力臂x,在驱动组件30驱动活动载体20时,作用于活动载体20的倾覆力矩M的大小与力臂x的值正相关,本申请通过减少x的值,从而降低了倾覆力矩M的值,解决了活动载体20倾斜甚至卡死的问题。
当然,在部分可选实施例中,如图70所示,所述第一支撑件41、所述第二支撑件42,及所述驱动组件30也可以不是沿一直线设置。也就是说,摩擦头323的中心、第一支撑件41的中心,及第二支撑件42的中心也可以存在错位。只要驱动组件30、第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42相邻设置,能够减少摩擦头323到第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42的连线的距离即可。减少摩擦头323到第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42的连线的距离,相当于减小力臂x和倾覆力矩M的值,能够降低活动载体20相对固定框架10倾斜的风险,避免活动载体20及支撑组件40卡死,从而搭载有镜头组件的活动载体20能够顺畅地调节,利于提高对应摄像模组的成像质量。
在部分实施例中,如图71所示,第一支撑件41与所述第二支撑件42位于所述驱动组件30的两侧。
为了使得本申请的方案更容易理解,下文给出支撑组件40装配相关的具体结构。
结合图66-图69所示,在部分可选实施例中,所述活动载体20包括第一外凸部21,所述固定框架10包括第一内凸部11,所述第一外凸部21与所述第一内凸部11相对设置,所述第一支撑件41设置在所述第一外凸部21与所述第一内凸部11之间。第一外凸部21及第一内凸部11的设置能够为第一支撑件41提供装配空间。
进一步的,本实施例中,固定框架10上设有与第一外凸部21的对应的第一外凹部12,活动载体20上设有与第一内凸部11对应的第一内凹部22,第一外凸部21适于插入第一外凹部12,第一内凸部11适于插入第一内凹部22,这样的设置利于减少整个驱动装置在垂直于光轴方向上的尺寸。
在部分可选实施例中,所述第一外凸部21上设有第一导向部211,所述第一内凸部11上设有第二导向部112,所述第一支撑件41的两侧分别与所述第一导向部211、所述第二导向部112抵接,所述第一导向部211、所述第二导向部112及所述第一支撑件41配合以引导所述活动载体20沿第一方向运动,能够理解的是,此处第一方向即平行光轴的方向。换句话说,由于第一导向部211、第二导向部112的设置,第一支撑件41不仅能对活动载体20起到支撑作用,还能引导活动载体20沿平行光轴的方向运动,对活动载体20起到定位作用。
具体的,第一导向部211与第二导向部112均实施为沿平行于光轴方向延伸的引导槽,两个引导槽的槽口相对设置,支撑组件40沿平行于中轴线O的方向延伸设置,并被两侧的引导槽夹持限位。支撑组件40是持续被夹持在两侧的引导槽中的,在驱动组件30对活动载体20施加驱动力时,由于第一导向部211与第二导向部112的限制,第一支撑件41只能相对于固定框架10和/或活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,引导活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,降低活动载体20倾斜的可能性。
更具体的,本实施例中,第一支撑件41为圆柱形的导杆,第一导向部211、第二导向部112为V型槽,两个V型槽将导杆夹持限位。结构简单,易装配。在本申请的其他实施例中,第一导向部211和第二导向部112也可以被设置为U型槽等其他结构,本申请对此不做限制。
在部分可选实施例中,所述活动载体20还包括第二外凸部23,所述固定框架10还包括第二内凸部13,所述第二外凸部23与所述第二内凸部13相对设置,所述第二支撑件42设置在所述第二外凸部23与所述第二内凸部13之间。第二内凸部13与第二外凸部23的设置能够为第二支撑件42提供装配空间。
进一步的,本实施例中,固定框架10上设有与第二外凸部23的对应的第二外凹部14,活动载体20上设有与第二内凸部13对应的第二内凹部24,第二外凸部23适于插入第二外凹部14,第二内凸部13适于插入第二内凹部24,这样的设置利于减少整个驱动装置在垂直于光轴方向上的尺寸。
在部分可选实施例中,所述第二外凸部23上设有第三导向部233,所述第二内凸部13上设有第四导向部134,第二支撑件42设置在第三导向部233与第四导向部134之间。并且,第二支撑件42与所述第三导向部233和/或所述第四导向部134之间留有间隙,形成松装配。第三导向部233、第四导向部134及第二支撑件42配合,以为活动载体20提供调整的空间。当活动载体20发生倾斜到一定程度时,第二支撑件42分别抵接第三导向部233和所述第四导向部134,阻碍活动载体20进一步倾斜,并且修正活动载体20的角度。
具体的,第三导向部233与第四导向部134均实施为沿平行于光轴方向延伸的引导槽,两个引导槽的槽口相对设置,支撑组件40沿平行于中轴线O的方向延伸设置,并设置在两侧的引导槽之间。当活动载体20倾斜到一定角度时,第二支撑件42抵接第三导向部233与第四导向部134,由于第三导向部233与第四导向部134的限制,第二支撑件42只能相对于固定框架10和/或活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,从而引导活动载体20沿平行于光轴的方向运动,对活动载体20起到修正的作用,降低了活动载体20倾斜的可能性。
更具体的,本实施例中,第二支撑件42为圆柱形的导杆,第三导向部233、第四导向部134为V型槽。结构简单,易装配。在本申请的其他实施例中,第三导向部233和第四导向部134也可以被设置为U型槽等其他结构,本申请对此不做限制。
进一步的,驱动组件30设置在第一外凸部21与固定框架10之间,具体是设置在第一外凸部21背向第一支撑件41的一侧,以进一步缩短驱动组件30与第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42之间的连线的距离,即减少力臂x从而降低活动载体20的倾覆力矩M。
本实施例中,第一支撑件41与驱动组件30设置在第一外凸部21的两相对侧,且在预压力方向上,驱动组件30的中心、第一支撑件41的中心、第二支撑件42的中心处于一条直线上。这意味着,第一外凸部21、第一内凸部11、第二外凸部23,以及第二内凸部13的设置使得驱动组件30得以与支撑组件40被设置在驱动装置的同一侧,特别是,利于在预压力方向上,实现第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42、驱动组件30设置在同一直线上。
在部分可选实施例中,所述第一支撑件41、所述第二支撑件42均为导杆,所述导杆沿第一方向设置,并且沿第一方向,所述活动载体20上间隔设有至少两个适于与所述导杆接触的凸起201。活动载体20通过凸起201来抵触导杆,而在两个相邻的凸起201之间会形成相对的凹陷,凹陷与导杆不接触,这能够减少活动载体20与导杆之间的摩擦接触面积,减少活动载体20运动时受到的摩擦阻力,而凸起201在导杆长度方向上间隔设置,则是为了在导杆长度方向上的至少两个点或两个区域对导杆进行支撑,使导杆得以被平稳地支撑。
优选的,第一外凸部21和第二外凸部23上均设置有凸起201,以减少第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42对活动载体20施加的摩擦力,使得活动载体20更易被驱动。
部分可选实施例中,各个凸起201的凸出高度一致,以保持导杆的长度方向与光轴平行。
部分可选实施例中,活动载体20设有两个凸起201,并且两个凸起201位于活动载体20的两端,活动载体20的中部相对凹陷以与支撑组件40的中部分离。以最少数量的凸起201实现减少摩擦接触面积、平稳支撑导杆的目的,并且结构比较简单,易加工成型。
能够理解的是,当第一支撑件41、第二支撑件42通过上述的第一外凸部21、第一内凸部11、第二外凸部23,以及第二内凸部13进行装配时,凸起201是设置在第一外凸部21和/或第二外凸部23上的。并且,凸起201与第一导向部211及第三导向部233并不矛盾,例如,本实施例中第一导向部211及第三导向部233均为V型槽,V型槽靠两个侧壁与导杆接触,V型槽的两个侧壁的中部向下凹陷以避免与导杆接触,该V型槽的两个侧壁的上下两端分别沿垂直光轴的方向凸出,形成了所谓的凸起201。
本申请另一方面还改进了驱动组件30的结构,以降低活动载体20倾斜的概率。
如图64所示,驱动组件30包括预压组件31和致动组件32,预压组件31与固定框架10连接,致动组件32与预压组件31连接,预压组件31对致动组件32提供一预压力,使致动组件32的驱动端抵接于活动载体20并将预压力作用于活动载体20,从而致动组件32适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10运动。
部分可选实施例中,致动组件32包括压电振子322和摩擦头323,压电振子322与预压组件31连接,摩擦头323固定在压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面,摩擦头323在预压力的作用下抵接于活动载体20的侧壁,作为致动组件32的驱动端驱动活动载体20运动。
部分可选实施例中,如图72所示,致动组件32还包括柔性电路板321,柔性电路板321设置在预压组件31与压电振子322之间。
部分可选实施例中,预压组件31为弹性结构,如弹片310。具体的,弹片310可以与致动组件32胶水粘接。
部分可选实施例中,考虑到弹片310会随压电振子322形变,导致预压力倾斜作用于活动载体20,进而引发活动载体20倾斜的问题,对预压组件31进行改进:预压组件31包括结构件311及缓冲件312,结构件311与固定框架10连接,缓冲件312设置在结构件311与致动组件32之间,并适于受结构件311与致动组件32的挤压而形变。换句话说,致动组件32通过缓冲件312被贴附在结构件311上。
现有技术中预压组件31会发生形变弯曲,导致致动组件32相对活动载体20倾斜,预压力倾斜作用在活动载体20上引发活动载体20倾斜,还导致致动组件32驱动活动载体20相对固定框架10在两个相反方向上的运动速度不一致,影响驱动装置的驱动效果,本申请改进预压组件31的结构,结构件311不会在预压力的作用下发生明显的变形,能够防止致动组件32相对活动载体20倾斜,提升驱动装置的驱动效 果,进而提升摄像模组的拍摄效果。由于缓冲件312可以变形,将缓冲件312设置在结构件311与致动组件32之间,在组装驱动装置时,通过缓冲件312的形变,能够抵消至少部分的物料公差和组装公差导致的预压力大小的变化,从而提升同一批次多个驱动装置中的预压力的一致性。此外,还解决了由于UV胶或热固胶等粘合剂固化后弹性模量较大,导致致动组件32中的压电振子322与弹片310形成一个刚性整体,影响压电振子322的振动模态,从而影响驱动效果的问题,本申请的缓冲件312可以吸收压电振子322的部分形变,利于保持压电振子322相对活动载体20的设置角度,使压电振子322的实际运动状态与设计值接近,减少外部环境,如预压组件31形变,对压电振子322运动的影响。
具体的,活动载体20设置在固定框架10内,固定框架10上设有一贯穿固定框架10内外两侧的开口15,结构件311设置在固定框架10的外侧,并且结构件311在至少一方向的尺寸大于开口15的尺寸,以使结构件311能被固定在固定框架10外侧,缓冲件312及致动组件32穿过开口15,从而致动组件32得以抵接于活动载体20。应可以理解,开口15的长宽尺寸大于或者等于致动组件32和缓冲件312的长宽尺寸,以使得致动组件32和缓冲件312可以穿过开口15从而使致动组件32可以抵接于活动载体20。压电振子322被容纳在开口15内,减少因为压电振子322外置带来的尺寸增加,减少了该驱动装置的尺寸。需要补充说明的是,本申请中,驱动组件30中缓冲件312、压电振子322等各元件,及固定框架10上的开口15的尺寸指的是,沿致动组件32、缓冲件312、结构件311之间的安装方向,各个元件投影在结构件311上的大小。
其中,结构件311可以通过焊接、热铆、粘接等方式被固定在固定框架10的外侧面上。
缓冲件312呈薄片状,其分别用于与致动组件32和结构件311相贴附的两个侧面相平行,也就是说,缓冲件312的外侧面与内侧面平行设置,结构件311面向缓冲件312的一面为平面,该平面与固定框架10的外侧面及致动组件32连接,从而致动组件32可以被保持平行的贴附在结构件311上,保持致动组件32相对活动载体20和固定框架10的平行度,使致动组件32被平行的设置于活动载体20和固定框架10之间。
部分可选实施例中,缓冲件312可以被实施为胶带,缓冲件312的两个相对面分别与结构件311、致动组件32粘接。胶带连接相比胶水连接的方式具有至少三个优点:一是避免了高弹性模量胶的使用,例如固化后弹性模量至少达到1GPa的UV胶,高弹性模量胶将会影响缓冲件312、压电振子322的形变;二是操作简便,可以将致动组件32直接贴附在结构件311上,不必有涂覆胶水、固化胶水等步骤;三是胶带平行度相对较好,能够提供两个平行的相对面分别粘接致动组件32和结构件311,利于提高致动组件32相对固定框架10及活动载体20的平行度。
进一步的,本申请对部分实施例中压电振子322的工作原理进行简单说明。
参照图72、图73所示,为了便于描述,以压电振子322的厚度方向为上下方向,以压电振子322的长度方向作为压电振子322的左右方向,以宽度方向作为压电振子322的前后方向。
压电振子322为多层堆叠结构,具体的,压电振子322在厚度方向,以陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层、电极层...陶瓷层、电极层、陶瓷层的顺序堆叠而成,每个电极层设置于两个相邻的陶瓷层之间,并且压电振子322的上半部分、下半部分之间分别采用方向相反的极化方式。
压电振子322的侧面共设有四个侧电极,分别记为第一侧电极3221、第二侧电极3222、第三侧电极3223、第四侧电极3224,其中第一侧电极3221与第二侧电极3222前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子322的左侧,第三侧电极3223与第四侧电极3224前后相对设置,并且均设置在压电振子322的右侧。第一侧电极3221与第二侧电极3222位于压电振子322前面的左右两侧,并分别适于接入两个频率相同但不同相位的电信号,例如图73中的X信号和Y信号,第二侧电极3222与第四侧电极3224位于压电振子322后面的左右两侧,并分别接地。
易于理解的是,侧电极的接入电信号及接地是通过与柔性电路板321电连接实现的。
四个侧电极均在压电振子322的厚度方向延伸,依次与最上层的电极层、中间的若干电极层及最下层的电极层电连接,使相邻电极层之间产生电场,陶瓷层在该电场的作用下发生伸长或收缩的形变,图73中以相向的箭头示意收缩,以向背的箭头示意伸长。通过多层堆叠的结构,每相邻两个电极层之间形成的电场在上下方向得以叠加。于是,驱动整个压电振子322弯曲振动所需要的电压被降低。电极层的层数及陶瓷层的层数可依据具体能提供的驱动力需求和电压需求设计。
为了更清楚的解释压电振子322的工作原理,基于上述设置,将压电振子322划分为左上区段、右上区段、左下区段、右下区段,并在侧电极接入电信号时截取t1至t4四个时间点进行观察,压电振子322分别在t1、t2、t3和t4四个时刻产生如图73中所示意的四个形变状态。t1时刻,左上区段和右上区段收缩,左下区段和右下区段伸长,压电振子322向上弯曲,摩擦头323相对向下运动,t2时刻,左上区段和右下区段收缩,左下区段和右上区段伸长,因而压电振子322左侧向上弯曲,右侧向下弯曲,摩擦头323向左上运动,t3时刻与t4时刻摩擦头323先向上运动,再向右下运动,下一次输入电信号与t1相同的时刻,摩擦头323向下运动至与t1相同位置,压电振子322在这四个形变状态中切换,从而使得被固定于压电振子322的上表面的摩擦头323产生如图所示意的椭圆运动。摩擦头323得以通过高频推动活动载体20运动。
本申请还能提供另一种结构的致动组件32,如图74所示,其包括压电振子322及摩擦头323,压电振子322包括相背的第一端面3241和第二端面3242,第一端面3241包括至少两个电极区域,至少两个电极区域中的至少一者用于被施加交流激励电信号以使压电振子322产生弯-切特征模态,第二端面3242用于固定至待安装面,也就是预压组件31上,压电振子322沿第一端面3241到第二端面3242的方向极化,摩擦头323设置于第一端面3241,并连接于至少两个电极区域,摩擦头323作为致动组件32的驱动端,用于与活动载体20摩擦接触,以在压电振子322产生弯-切特征模态时驱动活动载体20运动。
在一些实施例中,为使驱动组件30的驱动性能提升,压电振子322可以由压电陶瓷材料或压电单晶材料制成,压电振子322可以是单层陶瓷体或单层单晶体,也可以是多层陶瓷体或多层单晶体,例如,锆钛酸铅(PZT)基压电陶瓷、铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷、钛酸钡(BT)基压电陶瓷、铌镁酸铅-铌铟酸铅(PMN-PT)基压电单晶等。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323采用耐磨材料制成,例如可以采用各种高硬度耐磨陶瓷材料制成,如氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅陶瓷,或者高耐磨金属材料、碳纤维材料,或者陶瓷、金属颗粒与高分子的复合材料等,以便提高摩擦头323的耐磨性,利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长摩擦头323的使用寿命。
相对的,在一些实施例中,参照图64、图65所示,活动载体20上设有耐磨部26,摩擦头323抵触在耐磨部26上,具体的,耐磨部26可以是耐磨涂层,或通过粘接、嵌件注塑成一体等方式装配在活动载体20上的耐摩擦板,或者是活动载体20上凹凸不平的外表面等等能实现耐摩擦作用的结构,耐磨部26的设置利于提高活动载体20与摩擦头323之间的摩擦力,即利于提升驱动力,并且由于耐磨,利于延长使用寿命。
进一步的,当耐磨部26设置为耐摩擦板时,可以通过粘接、紧固件连接、嵌件注塑等方式固定在活动载体20上,以与活动载体20形成一体的受力结构,并且参照摩擦头323的材质,耐摩擦板可以采用与摩擦头323相同或不同的耐磨材料制成。
能够理解的是,本申请对于摩擦头323及耐摩擦板的具体形状并不作具体限制。在具体实施例中,摩擦头323的形状可以为球体、半球体、长方体、台体、圆柱体、半圆柱体等等,耐摩擦板可以为片状或块状。在本申请的一个示例中,摩擦头323为圆柱体形状,圆柱状摩擦头323竖放,或如图72所示横放在压电振子322上,以提供驱动组件30与活动载体20之间的线摩擦,摩擦头323与活动载体20的耐磨部26之间线接触,相比点接触的方式具有更大的摩擦,具有较好的驱动力和驱动效果。
摩擦头323的数量可以为一个,也可以为两个及以上。本实施例中,压电振子322为矩形长条形状,摩擦头323凸出设置于压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面的中心位置,能够增大摩擦头323的单位驱动行程。另一实施例中,摩擦头323的数量为两个,两个摩擦头323沿压电振子322的长度方向间隔设置,压电振子322的长度方向与其驱动活动载体20的运动方向平行。在沿驱动组件30的驱动方向上,压电振子322朝向活动载体20的一面设有至少两个摩擦头323,从而增加驱动行程。
在一些实施例中,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以为一体式结构,也可以为可拆卸结构,摩擦头323与压电振子322可以通过粘接、卡接、嵌套、焊接或者紧固件连接等方式固定于压电振子322上,摩擦头323与压电振子322之间面接触,以保证连接强度,摩擦头323能随着压电振子322的形变产生明显的运动。
本申请还能提供一种摄像模组,其包括:上述的驱动装置、镜头组件,以及感光组件,镜头组件设置在所述驱动装置中,感光组件相对所述镜头组件设置。由于搭载有光学镜头的活动载体20能够顺畅地调节,利于实现聚焦功能,提高成像质量。
以上描述了本申请的基本原理、主要特征和本申请的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本申请不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是本申请的原理,在不脱离本申请精神和范围的前提下本申请还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本申请的范围内。本申请要求的保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。

Claims (71)

  1. 一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,其特征在于,包括:
    固定件,所述固定件包括支撑面;
    活动件,所述活动件被可活动地设置于所述固定件,所述活动件包括与所述支撑面相对设置的接触面;
    导向组件,所述导向组件位于所述支撑面和所述接触面之间,以使得所述固定件和所述活动件之间保持一固定间隙;
    驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定件连接,同时抵接于所述活动件并提供一预压力;
    磁吸组件,所述磁吸组件包括至少一组第一磁吸件和第二磁吸件,所述第一磁吸件被设置于所述固定件和所述活动件二者中的一个,所述第二磁吸件被设置于所述固定件和活动件二者中的另一个,所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互作用以将所述活动件的接触面吸附向所述固定件的支撑面,所述磁吸组件产生的磁吸力方向与所述驱动组件的预压力方向相互平行。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述导向组件与所述驱动组件设置在所述活动件的同一侧。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述导向组件包括第一导向件和第二导向件,所述第一导向件、所述第二导向件均与所述驱动组件相邻设置。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述导向组件、所述驱动组件及所述磁吸组件均设置在所述活动件的同一侧。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述磁吸组件包括相对所述驱动组件设置的第一组磁吸组件和第二组磁吸组件,所述第一组磁吸组件和所述第二组磁吸组件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:沿平行于所述预压力方向,所述第一组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置在所述第一导向件的两侧,所述第二 组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置在所述第二导向件的两侧,所述第一组磁吸组件的所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互吸引,所述第二组磁吸组件内的所述第一磁吸件和所述第二磁吸件相互吸引。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定件连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述活动件的一侧并将所述预压力作用于所述活动件,所述预压力与所述磁吸力同向,所述致动组件接收一驱动信号时,所述摩擦头对所述活动件提供驱动力以驱动所述活动件运动。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:以经过所述预压组件的中心线并沿所述预压力方向延伸的一平面为参考平面,所述第一组磁吸组件与所述第二组磁吸组件关于所述参考平面对称设置。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述预压组件包括结构件和缓冲件,所述结构件的弹性模量大于所述缓冲件的弹性模量,所述固定件上设有一从固定件的外侧壁向其内侧壁贯穿的开口,所述结构件与所述固定件的外侧壁连接,所述缓冲件一面与所述结构件贴附连接,另一面与所述致动组件贴附连接,所述缓冲件及其上的所述致动组件穿过所述开口抵接在所述活动件上。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:沿所述活动件的运动方向,所述第一磁吸件的长度为L,所述第二磁吸件的长度为Y,所述活动件在所述驱动组件的驱动下的行程范围为D,Y>L+D,或L>Y+D。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:还包括磁感应件,所述磁感应件相对所述磁吸组件设置,从而通过感应磁场变化以判断所述活动件的位置。
  12. 如权利要求3或4所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述活动件上设有外凸部,所述外凸部自所述活动件的外侧壁向远离所述驱动组件的方向凸出形成,所述固定件上设有内凸部,所述内凸部自所述固定件的内侧壁向靠近所述驱动组件的方向凸出形成,所述内凸部与所述外 凸部相对设置,所述外凸部上形成所述接触面,所述内凸部上形成所述支撑面。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述活动件上还设有内凹部,所述内凹部自所述活动件的外侧壁向靠近所述驱动组件的方向凹陷形成,所述外凸部与所述内凹部相连并配合形成第一凹槽,所述内凸部适于插入所述第一凹槽,所述固定件设有外凹部,所述外凹部自所述固定件的内侧壁向远离所述驱动组件方向凹陷形成,所述外凹部与所述内凸部相连并配合形成第二凹槽,所述外凸部适于插入所述第二凹槽。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述支撑面上设有第一引导槽和第三引导槽,所述接触面上设有对应的第二引导槽和第四引导槽,所述第一引导槽和所述第二引导槽配合将所述第一导向件夹持在内,所述第三引导槽和所述第四引导槽配合将所述第二导向件夹持在内,所述第一导向件和所述第二导向件保持所述支撑面和所述接触面平行。
  15. 一种摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    光学镜头;
    相对所述光学镜头设置的感光组件;以及
    根据权利要求1至14中任一所述的驱动机构,所述光学镜头被设置于所述活动件。
  16. 一种应用于摄像模组的驱动机构,其特征在于,包括:
    固定框架,所述固定框架包括支撑面;
    活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架,所述活动载体包括与所述支撑面相对设置的接触面;
    导向组件,所述导向组件位于所述支撑面和所述接触面之间,以使得所述支撑面和所述接触面之间保持第一间隙;
    驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体并向所述活动载体施加一预压力,所述预压力使得所述接触面具备远离所述支撑面的趋势;
    至少一组磁吸组件,所述磁吸组件包括第一磁吸件和第二磁吸件,所述第一磁吸件被设置于所述固定框架上,所述第二磁吸件被设置于所述活动载体上,所述第一磁吸件与所述第二磁吸件相互作用对所述活动载体施加一磁吸力,所述磁吸力的方向与所述预压力的方向相反,并且所述磁吸力大于所述预压力,以将所述活动载体的接触面吸附向所述固定框架的支撑面,所述导向组件得以被夹持在所述支撑面和所述接触面之间。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述固定框架具有第一框架侧部,所述活动载体具有第一载体侧部,所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部相对设置,所述第一框架侧部的内表面形成所述支撑面,所述第一载体侧部的外表面形成所述接触面,所述导向组件及所述驱动组件均设置于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部之间。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述第一载体侧部的外表面,并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述导向组件包括第一导向件和第二导向件,所述第一导向件、所述第二导向件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一磁吸件设置于所述第一框架侧部上,所述第二磁吸件设置于所述第一载体侧部上。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述磁吸组件包括相对所述驱动组件设置的第一组磁吸组件和第二组磁吸组件,所述第一组磁吸组件和所述第二组磁吸组件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一组磁吸组件设置于所述第一导向件远离所述驱动组件的一侧,所述第二组磁吸件设置于所述第二导向件远离所述驱动组件的一侧。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一组磁吸组件设置于所述第一导向件与所述驱动组件之间,所述第二组磁吸件设置于所述第二导向件与所述驱动组件之间。
  24. 如权利要求21所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一组磁吸组件、所述第二组磁吸组件关于所述驱动组件的中轴线对称设置,并且所述第一组磁吸组件产生的磁吸力与所述第二组磁吸组件产生的磁吸力大小相等。
  25. 如权利要求20所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述磁吸组件设为一组,并且沿预压力方向,该组磁吸组件中的所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件分别设置于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供所述预压力,使所述致动组件的摩擦头抵接于所述第一载体侧部的外表面,并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,所述预压组件形成所述第一磁吸件,所述第二磁吸件的中部与所述摩擦头相对设置。
  27. 如权利要求16-26任一所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一磁吸件、所述第二磁吸件相互平行设置,并且两者均沿所述活动载体的运动方向延伸设置,以使所述磁吸力垂直所述活动载体的运动方向。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:沿所述活动载体的运动方向,所述第一磁吸件的长度为L,所述第二磁吸件的长度为Y,所述活动载体在所述驱动组件的驱动下的行程范围为D,L≥Y+D。
  29. 如权利要求17所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述固定框架包括分别设置于所述第一框架侧部两端的第二框架侧部和第四框架侧部,所述第二框架侧部的内表面及所述第四框架侧部的内表面分别向内侧凸出形成内凸部,所述活动载体包括分别设置于所述第一载体侧部两端的第二载体侧部和第四载体侧部,所述第二载体侧部的外表面和所述第四载体侧部的外表面分别向外侧凸出形成外凸部,所述外凸部位于所述内凸部与所述支撑面之间,所述外凸部背向所述接触面的一侧与所述内凸部朝向所述支撑面的一侧之间具有第二间隙,所述第二间隙的宽 度小于所述活动载体与所述固定框架间其他间隙的宽度。
  30. 如权利要求16所述的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述第一磁吸件和/或所述第二磁吸件为磁体,所述驱动机构还包括磁感应件,所述磁感应件相对至少一所述磁体设置,从而通过感应磁场变化以判断所述活动载体的位置。
  31. 一种摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    光学镜头;
    相对所述光学镜头设置的感光组件;以及
    根据权利要求16至30中任一所述的驱动机构,所述光学镜头被设置于所述活动载体。
  32. 一种应用于摄像模组的压电马达,其特征在于,包括:
    固定件;
    活动件,所述活动件与所述固定件活动连接;
    驱动组件,所述驱动组件包括预压组件及致动组件,所述预压组件包括缓冲件及结构件,所述结构件与所述固定件连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变,所述预压组件对所述致动组件施加一预压力,以使所述致动组件抵接于所述活动件,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动件相对所述固定件运动。
  33. 如权利要求32所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述结构件包括面向所述缓冲件的第一安装面,所述缓冲件包括与所述第一安装面相对的第二安装面,及与所述第二安装面相背设置的第三安装面,所述第一安装面与所述第二安装面贴合,所述致动组件包括压电振子及摩擦头,所述压电振子与所述第三安装面贴合,所述压电振子背离所述第三安装面的一面与所述摩擦头连接,所述摩擦头抵接于所述活动件。
  34. 如权利要求32所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述结构件包括面向所述缓冲件的第 一安装面,所述缓冲件包括与所述第一安装面相对的第二安装面,及与所述第二安装面相背并平行设置的第三安装面,所述第一安装面与所述第二安装面贴合,所述致动组件包括柔性电路板、压电振子及摩擦头,所述柔性电路板的两相对面分别与所述第三安装面、所述压电振子贴合,所述压电振子背离所述第三安装面的一面与所述摩擦头连接,所述摩擦头抵接于所述活动件。
  35. 如权利要求32所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述活动件设置在所述固定件内,所述固定件上设有一贯穿所述固定件内外两侧的开口,所述结构件设置在所述固定件的外侧,并且所述结构件在至少一方向的尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸,所述缓冲件及所述致动组件穿过所述开口,从而所述致动组件得以抵接于所述活动件。
  36. 如权利要求35所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述结构件朝向所述缓冲件的一面与所述固定件的外侧面之间存在间隙。
  37. 如权利要求32-36任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述结构件通过粘合剂与所述固定件连接,所述粘合剂包覆所述结构件的周侧的至少一部分。
  38. 如权利要求32-36任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述结构件的弹性系数大于等于1.2*10^5N/m;所述结构件的厚度大于等于150μm。
  39. 如权利要求32-36任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述缓冲件的弹性模量大于等于100KPa,小于等于100MPa;所述缓冲件的厚度大于等于50μm,小于等于800μm。
  40. 如权利要求39所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述缓冲件为胶带,所述缓冲件的两个相对面分别与所述结构件、所述致动组件粘接。
  41. 如权利要求32-36任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于,包括:
    底座;
    第一框架,与所述底座活动连接并适于相对所述底座沿第一方向运动,所述第一框架与所 述底座之间设有第一驱动机构;
    第二框架,与所述第一框架活动连接并适于相对所述第一框架沿第二方向运动,所述第二框架与所述第一框架之间设有第二驱动机构;
    第三框架,与所述第二框架活动连接并适于相对所述第二框架沿第三方向运动,所述第三框架与所述第二框架之间设有第三驱动机构;
    其中,所述第一驱动机构、所述第二驱动机构、所述第三驱动机构中的至少一个为所述驱动组件,并且,当所述第一驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述底座为固定件,所述第一框架为活动件,当所述第二驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述第一框架为固定件,所述第二框架为活动件,当所述第三驱动机构为所述驱动组件时,所述第二框架为固定件,所述第三框架为活动件。
  42. 一种摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    如权利要求32-41任一所述的压电马达;
    镜头组件,设置在所述压电马达中;
    感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
  43. 一种压电马达的组装工艺,其特征在于,包括步骤:
    S1、提供一固定件、一活动件,及一驱动组件,所述驱动组件包括预压组件及致动组件,所述预压组件包括缓冲件及结构件;
    S2、将所述活动件安装到所述固定件内;
    S3、将缓冲件设置在结构件与致动组件之间,形成一组合体;
    S4、将所述组合体中的所述缓冲件及所述致动组件伸入所述固定件上的开口,所述结构件留在所述开口外侧;
    S5、对所述结构件施加一压力以使所述结构件向所述活动件靠近,以使所述致动组件抵接于所述活动件,所述缓冲件被所述结构件及所述致动组件挤压而变形;
    S6、将所述结构件固定在所述固定件上,并且在固定过程中,持续对所述结构件施加步骤S5中提供的压力,完成所述结构件的固定后,撤除该压力;
    其中S2与S3不分先后。
  44. 如权利要求43所述的压电马达的组装工艺,其特征在于:步骤S5中还包括步骤:通过压力传感器获取对所述结构件施加的压力的数值,调节该压力的大小直至与预设值相同。
  45. 如权利要求43所述的压电马达的组装工艺,其特征在于:步骤S6中,将所述结构件固定在所述固定件上具体包括步骤:将胶水涂覆在结构件的周侧并使胶水与所述固定件接触,持续对所述结构件施加步骤S5中提供的压力,胶水固化后即完成所述结构件的固定,撤除该压力。
  46. 一种压电马达,应用于摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    固定框架;
    活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架;
    驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体;
    支撑组件,所述支撑组件被设置于所述固定框架与所述活动载体之间,所述支撑组件与所述驱动组件配合以使所述活动载体被支撑于所述固定框架上;并且,所述驱动组件与所述支撑组件设置在所述压电马达的同一侧。
  47. 如权利要求46所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述支撑组件为导杆,所述活动载体设有至少两个适于与所述导杆接触的凸起,所述至少两个凸起在与所述导杆的长度方向平行的方向上间隔设置。
  48. 如权利要求47所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述活动载体设有两个所述凸起,并且两个所述凸起位于所述活动载体的两端,所述活动载体的中部相对凹陷以与所述支撑组件的中部分离。
  49. 如权利要求46-48任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述支撑组件包括第一支撑件和第二支撑件,所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件分别位于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  50. 如权利要求49所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件被对称的设置在所述驱动组件的两侧。
  51. 如权利要求49所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述固定框架具有第一框架侧部,所述活动载体具有第一载体侧部,所述第一框架侧部与所述第一载体侧部相对设置,所述驱动组件被设置于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一框架侧部之间,所述固定框架设有朝向所述活动载体方向凸出的第一内凸部和第二内凸部,所述第一载体侧部的两端设有朝向所述固定框架方向凸出的第一外凸部和第二外凸部,所述第一外凸部位于所述第一框架侧部与所述第一内凸部之间,所述第二外凸部位于所述第一框架侧部与所述第二内凸部之间,所述第一支撑件位于所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部之间,所述第二支撑件位于所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部之间。
  52. 如权利要求51所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述第一内凸部上设有第一引导槽,所述第一外凸部上设有第二引导槽,所述第一引导槽与所述第二引导槽相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第一通道,所述第一支撑件设置于所述第一通道内,以引导所述活动载体的运动方向;所述第二内凸部上设有第一支撑部,所述第二外凸部上设有第二支撑部,所述第一支撑部与所述第二支撑部相对设置,并配合形成沿第一方向延伸的第二通道,所述第二支撑件设置于所述第二通道内。
  53. 如权利要求52所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述第一支撑部、所述第二支撑部中的至少一者设有适于与所述第二支撑件接触的支撑平面,所述第二支撑件适于沿所述支撑平面调整在垂直于第一方向上的位置。
  54. 如权利要求52所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件设置于所述第一通道内,并适于沿第一方向运动,所述第二支撑件设置于所述第二通道内,并至少适于沿第一方向运动。
  55. 如权利要求46-48任一所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供预压力,使所述致动组件的驱动端抵接于所述活动载体并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动。
  56. 如权利要求55所述的压电马达,其特征在于:所述预压组件包括结构件及缓冲件,所述结构件与所述固定框架连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变。
  57. 一种摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    如权利要求46-56任一所述的压电马达;
    镜头组件,设置在所述压电马达中;以及
    感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
  58. 一种驱动装置,应用于摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    固定框架;
    活动载体,所述活动载体被可活动地设置于所述固定框架;
    驱动组件,所述驱动组件与所述固定框架连接,同时抵接于所述活动载体,对所述活动载体施加一预压力,并适于在接收驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动;
    支撑组件,所述支撑组件包括第一支撑件与第二支撑件,所述第一支撑件分别抵接所述固定框架与所述活动载体,所述第二支撑件与所述固定框架和/或所述活动载体之间存在一定间隙。
  59. 如权利要求58所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述支撑组件与所述驱动组件设置在 所述驱动装置的同一侧。
  60. 如权利要求59所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件位于所述驱动组件的同侧。
  61. 如权利要求60所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件相对所述第二支撑件更靠近所述驱动组件。
  62. 如权利要求59所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件与所述第二支撑件位于所述驱动组件的两侧。
  63. 如权利要求59-62任一所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:沿预压力方向,所述第一支撑件、所述第二支撑件,及所述驱动组件沿一直线设置。
  64. 如权利要求58所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述活动载体包括第一外凸部,所述固定框架包括第一内凸部,所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部相对设置,所述第一支撑件设置在所述第一外凸部与所述第一内凸部之间。
  65. 如权利要求64所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第一外凸部上设有第一导向部,所述第一内凸部上设有第二导向部,所述第一支撑件的两侧分别与所述第一导向部、所述第二导向部抵接,所述第一导向部、所述第二导向部及所述第一支撑件配合以引导所述活动载体沿第一方向运动。
  66. 如权利要求64或65所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述活动载体还包括第二外凸部,所述固定框架还包括第二内凸部,所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部相对设置,所述第二支撑件设置在所述第二外凸部与所述第二内凸部之间。
  67. 如权利要求66所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第二外凸部上设有第三导向部,所述第二内凸部上设有第四导向部,所述第二支撑件设置在所述第三导向部、所述第四导向部之间,所述第三导向部、所述第四导向部及所述第二支撑件配合,以为所述活动载体的调整提供一定的空间。
  68. 如权利要求58所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述第一支撑件、所述第二支撑件均为导杆,所述导杆沿第一方向设置,并且沿第一方向,所述活动载体上间隔设有至少两个适于与所述导杆接触的凸起。
  69. 如权利要求58所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述驱动组件包括预压组件和致动组件,所述预压组件与所述固定框架连接,所述致动组件与所述预压组件连接,所述预压组件对所述致动组件提供预压力,使所述致动组件的驱动端抵接于所述活动载体并将所述预压力作用于所述活动载体,从而所述致动组件适于在接收到一驱动信号时驱动所述活动载体相对所述固定框架运动。
  70. 如权利要求69所述的驱动装置,其特征在于:所述预压组件包括结构件及缓冲件,所述结构件与所述固定框架连接,所述缓冲件设置在所述结构件与所述致动组件之间,并适于受所述结构件与所述致动组件的挤压而形变。
  71. 一种摄像模组,其特征在于,包括:
    如权利要求58-70任一所述的驱动装置;
    镜头组件,设置在所述驱动装置中;以及
    感光组件,相对所述镜头组件设置。
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CN120103567A (zh) * 2025-05-09 2025-06-06 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 一种驱动装置和摄像模组

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