WO2025001773A1 - 空调器及其控制方法以及计算机存储介质 - Google Patents

空调器及其控制方法以及计算机存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025001773A1
WO2025001773A1 PCT/CN2024/097287 CN2024097287W WO2025001773A1 WO 2025001773 A1 WO2025001773 A1 WO 2025001773A1 CN 2024097287 W CN2024097287 W CN 2024097287W WO 2025001773 A1 WO2025001773 A1 WO 2025001773A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure ratio
compressor
air conditioner
value
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/097287
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
靳文睿
莫艺扬
陈裕强
吴孔祥
吴达
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Midea Group Co Ltd
GD Midea Heating and Ventilating Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Midea Group Co Ltd
GD Midea Heating and Ventilating Equipment Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2025001773A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001773A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/49—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/027—Compressor control by controlling pressure
    • F25B2600/0271—Compressor control by controlling pressure the discharge pressure

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of household appliances, and in particular to an air conditioner and a control method thereof, and a computer storage medium.
  • the air conditioner when it is restricted by external environmental conditions, such as high grid load, high electricity prices, or the air conditioner is involved in a smart building management system, so that the air conditioner receives an instruction to reduce the total power to save energy, the air conditioner often needs to reduce the operating frequency of the compressor based on the need to reduce energy consumption.
  • the frequency reduction of the compressor will cause the pressure ratio of the compressor to decrease, and even cause the pressure ratio to be lower than the minimum limit, causing damage to the compressor.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to at least solve the problem that the pressure ratio is lower than the minimum limit due to the frequency reduction of the compressor. This purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure proposes a control method for an air conditioner, which includes: controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to an energy consumption reduction instruction; obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor; and executing at least one of the following control instructions according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to a lower limit value of the pressure ratio: reducing the opening of the throttling device, reducing the wind speed of the outdoor fan, and reducing the wind speed of the indoor fan.
  • the control method disclosed in the present invention when reducing the operating frequency of the compressor causes the pressure ratio of the compressor to be lower than the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, at least one step of reducing the opening of the throttling device, reducing the wind speed of the outdoor fan, and reducing the wind speed of the indoor fan is performed to increase the pressure ratio, thereby ensuring that the pressure ratio can be maintained within a range higher than the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, thereby making the operation of the air conditioner more stable.
  • control method of the air conditioner according to the present disclosure may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction it also includes: obtaining the operating mode of the air conditioner; and turning off the electric auxiliary heating device according to the air conditioner being in heating mode.
  • the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency includes: obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor; determining whether the operating frequency is greater than the frequency lower limit value; controlling the compressor to reduce a first frequency value based on the operating frequency according to the operating frequency being greater than the frequency lower limit value; and stopping reducing the operating frequency according to the operating frequency being less than or equal to the frequency lower limit value.
  • the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction before the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction, it also includes: obtaining the total power of the air conditioner operation; determining whether the total power is less than or equal to the indicated power value; ending the control process according to the total power being less than or equal to the indicated power value; and executing the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the total power being greater than the indicated power value.
  • the step after the step of executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, the step also includes: judging whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; executing the step of judging whether the total power is less than or equal to the indicated power value according to the pressure ratio being greater than the pressure ratio lower limit value; and ending the control process according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value.
  • the step further includes: according to the pressure ratio being greater than the The pressure ratio lower limit value executes the step of determining whether the total power is less than or equal to the indicated power value.
  • the step of executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value includes: controlling the opening of the throttling device to reduce a first opening value; judging whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; ending the control process according to the pressure ratio being greater than the pressure ratio lower limit value; obtaining the first exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced to a first opening value according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, and obtaining the second exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced to a first opening value; controlling the opening of the throttling device to reduce a second opening value according to the first exhaust pressure being less than the second exhaust pressure, and judging whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; and stopping reducing the opening of the throttling device according to the first exhaust pressure being greater than or equal to the second exhaust pressure.
  • the first opening value is equal to the second opening value; or, the absolute value of the difference between the first exhaust pressure and the second exhaust pressure is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the first opening value and the second opening value.
  • the step of executing a preset control instruction based on the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value includes: controlling the opening of the throttling device to reduce a first opening value; judging whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; ending the control process based on the pressure ratio being greater than the pressure ratio lower limit value; obtaining the exhaust superheat of the compressor based on the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; judging whether the exhaust superheat is greater than or equal to the superheat upper limit value; controlling the opening of the throttling device to reduce a second opening value based on the exhaust superheat being less than the superheat upper limit value, judging whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value; and stopping reducing the opening of the throttling device based on the exhaust superheat being greater than or equal to the superheat upper limit value.
  • the first opening value is equal to the second opening value; or, the absolute value of the difference between the first opening value and the second opening value is negatively correlated with the exhaust superheat.
  • the step of executing a preset control instruction based on the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the lower limit value of the pressure ratio includes: based on the air conditioner being in cooling mode, first controlling the indoor fan to lower the wind speed until the wind speed of the indoor fan drops to the lowest speed and then controlling the outdoor fan to lower the wind speed; or, based on the air conditioner being in heating mode, first controlling the outdoor fan to lower the wind speed until the wind speed of the outdoor fan drops to the lowest speed and then controlling the indoor fan to lower the wind speed.
  • an air conditioner comprising: a compressor, an indoor fan, an outdoor fan, a throttling device, an electric auxiliary heating device, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a control device;
  • the first pressure sensor is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the compressor and is used to detect the exhaust pressure of the compressor
  • the second pressure sensor is arranged in the return air pipe of the compressor and is used to detect the return air pressure of the compressor
  • the control device is electrically connected to the compressor, the indoor fan, the outdoor fan, the throttling device, the electric auxiliary heating device, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor
  • the control device is used to calculate the pressure ratio according to the exhaust pressure and the return air pressure, and control the operation of the air conditioner according to the control method of the air conditioner in the technical solution of the first aspect.
  • a computer storage medium on which computer-readable instructions are stored.
  • the one or more processors execute the air conditioner control method as described in any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect.
  • FIG1 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG2 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG3 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG4 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG5 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG6 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG7 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG8 schematically shows a flow chart of a control method in a cooling mode of an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG9 schematically shows a flow chart of a control method in a heating mode of an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG10 schematically shows a flow chart of a control method in a heating mode of an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows a block diagram of the structure of an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the reference numerals are as follows: 10. Compressor; 20. Indoor fan; 30. Outdoor fan; 40. Electric auxiliary heating device; 50. Throttling device; 60. Control device; 61. Memory; 62, processor; 70, first pressure sensor; 80, second pressure sensor.
  • first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as “first”, “second” and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.
  • spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as “inside”, “outside”, “inner side”, “outer side”, “below”, “below”, “above”, “above”, etc.
  • Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, then the elements described as “below other elements or features” or “below other elements or features” will subsequently be oriented as “above other elements or features" or “above other elements or features”. Therefore, the example term “below" can include both upper and lower orientations.
  • the device can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.
  • control method for an air conditioner comprises the following steps:
  • Step S101 controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S102 obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S103 executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit.
  • the energy consumption reduction instruction refers to an instruction to reduce the total operating power of the air conditioner.
  • the energy consumption reduction instruction can be an instruction actively issued by the processor in the air conditioner based on external conditions.
  • the intelligent air conditioner is based on the electricity price information of the power grid. When the electricity price is at its peak, in order to reduce the cost of use, it actively lowers the total operating power of the air conditioner and reduces power consumption.
  • the energy consumption reduction instruction can also be an instruction issued by an external device to the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner is connected to a smart grid system.
  • the smart grid system has a high-performance power control device with a built-in digital computer, which is connected to each other through a network from the power generation equipment to the terminal power equipment (such as the air conditioner).
  • the power control device issues energy reduction instructions to high-power consumption equipment such as air conditioners to improve the balance between power supply and demand in the power grid, thereby optimizing power distribution, preventing power outages, and reducing costs.
  • the air conditioner receives power allocation from the smart building system.
  • an energy consumption reduction instruction is sent to the air conditioner through the smart building system.
  • step S101 since the compressor is the core component of the air conditioner heating, the energy consumption of the compressor accounts for most of the total energy consumption of the air conditioner. Therefore, reducing the operating frequency of the compressor can quickly reduce the total operating power of the air conditioner.
  • the pressure ratio of the compressor is the value obtained by dividing the absolute pressure on the high-pressure side of the compressor by the absolute pressure on the low-pressure side.
  • the absolute pressure on the high-pressure side is the exhaust pressure of the compressor
  • the absolute pressure on the low-pressure side is the return air pressure of the compressor.
  • the pressure ratio of the compressor is in a reasonable range. A pressure ratio that is too high or too low will affect the operation of the air conditioner. When the operating frequency of the compressor decreases, the pressure ratio of the compressor also decreases. If the pressure ratio decreases to less than or equal to the lower limit of the pressure ratio, the compressor will be damaged and the stability of the air conditioner operation will be affected.
  • the value range of the lower limit value K of the compression ratio can be 1 ⁇ K ⁇ 4, for example 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 2, etc. It should be noted that the lower limit value of the compression ratio has different values depending on the compressor model, and the lower limit value of the compression ratio can also be set to other parameters that match the compressor model, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the preset control instructions include at least one of lowering the opening of the throttling device, lowering the wind speed of the outdoor fan, and lowering the wind speed of the indoor fan.
  • the electric auxiliary heating device is a way of heating by converting electrical energy into thermal energy.
  • the electric auxiliary heating device has a resistance wire inside. After being powered on, it converts electrical energy into thermal energy and transmits it to the room, which consumes a lot of electricity. Therefore, when the air conditioner receives the energy consumption reduction instruction, the electric auxiliary heating device is turned off first. It is understandable that when the air conditioner is in the cooling mode, the electric auxiliary heating device will not be turned on. Therefore, the control step in the cooling mode does not consider the factor of the electric auxiliary heating device.
  • the step of controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency includes:
  • Step S201 obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor
  • Step S202 determine whether the operating frequency is greater than the frequency lower limit, if yes, execute step S203, if no, execute step S204;
  • Step S203 controlling the compressor to reduce the first frequency value based on the operating frequency
  • Step S204 Stop reducing the operating frequency.
  • the compressor in the air conditioner in the present disclosure refers to a variable frequency compressor. Compared with a compressor with a constant speed, the speed of a variable frequency compressor can be continuously adjusted within a certain range, and the output energy can be continuously changed. Different types of compressors have different frequency ranges under the premise of ensuring stable operation.
  • the operating frequency range of some types of compressors is 20Hz to 120Hz, and the lower limit value of the frequency of this type of compressor is 20Hz; the operating frequency range of other types of compressors is 25Hz to 130Hz, and the lower limit value of the frequency of this type of compressor is 205Hz; and the operating frequency range of some other types of compressors is 30Hz to 130Hz, and the lower limit value of the frequency of this type of compressor is 30Hz; therefore, based on different types of compressors, the lower limit value of the frequency has different values, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor is greater than the frequency lower limit, it means that the current compressor can operate normally, and the operating frequency of the compressor still has room to be reduced. Therefore, the operating frequency of the compressor is controlled to reduce the first frequency value to continue to reduce the total power of the overall operation of the air conditioner and reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor is less than or equal to the frequency lower limit, it means that the operating frequency of the compressor does not have room to be lowered. If the operating frequency of the compressor is further reduced, it will cause abnormal operation of the compressor, unstable operation of the air conditioner, or damage to the compressor. Therefore, stop further reducing the operating frequency.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor is less than the frequency lower limit, the operating frequency of the compressor is increased to the frequency lower limit to ensure that the compressor can operate normally.
  • the first frequency value is set to a fixed value, and the value range of the first frequency value can be 1 Hz to 20 Hz, or 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz.
  • the first frequency value can be set to 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 3 Hz, 5 Hz, 6 Hz, 7 Hz, 8 Hz, 9 Hz, 10 Hz, 12 Hz, 14 Hz, 15 Hz, 18 Hz, 20 Hz, etc.
  • the first frequency value can be adjusted according to the difference between the current operating frequency value of the compressor and the lower frequency limit value. Adjustment, for example, the first frequency value is set to be positively correlated with the difference between the operating frequency value and the frequency lower limit value. The larger the difference is, the larger the first frequency value is. In the process of multiple adjustments of the compressor, as the difference between the operating frequency of the compressor and the frequency lower limit value decreases, the first frequency value also decreases accordingly. In the process of multiple adjustments of the compressor, the first frequency value is the largest when the operating frequency of the compressor is reduced for the first time. After the operating frequency of the compressor is reduced for the first time, the first frequency value gradually decreases to achieve precise adjustment of the compressor frequency reduction. In addition, in each adjustment process, the first frequency value is less than the difference between the current operating frequency value of the compressor and the frequency lower limit value, so as to avoid the operating frequency of the compressor from being reduced below the frequency lower limit value, thereby improving the stability of the compressor operation.
  • the first frequency value can be adjusted according to the difference between the current total power of the air conditioner and the specified power corresponding to the energy consumption reduction instruction.
  • the first frequency value is set to be positively correlated with the difference between the current total power of the air conditioner and the specified power corresponding to the energy consumption reduction instruction. The larger the difference, the larger the first frequency value.
  • the first frequency value also decreases accordingly, so as to quickly reduce the total power of the air conditioner and enable the air conditioner to quickly respond to the energy consumption reduction instruction.
  • the first frequency value is less than the difference between the current operating frequency value of the compressor and the lower frequency limit value, so as to prevent the operating frequency of the compressor from dropping below the lower frequency limit value and improve the stability of the compressor operation.
  • a method for controlling an air conditioner includes the following steps:
  • Step S301 Obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S302 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S303 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S304;
  • Step S304 controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S305 obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S306 executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit.
  • step S301 is the same as step S101, and steps S304 to S306 are the same as steps S101 to S103, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • step S301 obtaining the energy consumption reduction instruction means that the control device in the air conditioner obtains the energy consumption reduction instruction sent from the smart grid system or the smart building system to the air conditioner.
  • step S302 and step S303 after obtaining the energy consumption reduction instruction, first determine whether the total power of the air conditioner's current operation meets the indicated power value corresponding to the energy consumption reduction instruction. If the total power is less than or equal to the indicated power value, it means that the power consumption of the current air conditioner operating state meets the requirements, so that the air conditioner maintains the current operating state unchanged. If the total power is greater than the indicated power value, the compressor is controlled to reduce the operating frequency.
  • a method for controlling an air conditioner includes the following steps:
  • Step S401 Obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S402 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S403 Determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1. If yes, the control process ends. If no, step S404 is executed.
  • Step S404 controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S405 obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S406 executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit
  • Step S407 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than the pressure ratio lower limit value, if so, end the control process, if not, execute step S403.
  • steps S401 to S406 are the same as steps S301 to S306 and are not described in detail herein.
  • step S407 after the air conditioner executes the preset control instruction, if the pressure ratio of the compressor is still less than or equal to the lower limit of the pressure ratio, it means that the operating frequency of the compressor is too low in the current operating environment of the air conditioner, and the stable operation of the compressor can no longer be guaranteed. Therefore, the current control process is terminated and the compressor is stopped from continuing to reduce the frequency.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor is increased to ensure that the pressure ratio is greater than the lower limit of the pressure ratio, so that The compressor can run stably.
  • step S403 determines whether the current total power of the air conditioner is less than or equal to the indicated power value. If the total power value is still greater than the indicated power value, the frequency of the compressor continues to be reduced under the premise that the compressor has not been reduced to the lower limit of the frequency.
  • a control step of reducing the frequency of the compressor is completed from step S401 to step S406, and the next control cycle of reducing the frequency of the compressor is entered when returning from step S407 to step S403.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor is controlled to be reduced by the first frequency value based on the total power of the air conditioner being greater than the indicated power value.
  • a method for controlling an air conditioner includes the following steps:
  • Step S501 Obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S502 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S503 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S504;
  • Step S504 controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S505 obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S506 executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit
  • Step S507 Execute step S503 according to the pressure ratio being greater than the pressure ratio lower limit.
  • steps S501 to S506 are the same as steps S401 to S406 and are not described again herein.
  • step S507 if the pressure ratio of the compressor is greater than the lower limit of the pressure ratio after the air conditioner executes the step of reducing the operating frequency of the compressor, it means that the stable operation of the compressor is not affected after the operating frequency is reduced. Under the premise of maintaining stable operation of the compressor, the operating frequency of the compressor still has room for reduction to continue to reduce the total power of the air conditioner. Therefore, return to step S503 to determine whether the total power after the operating frequency of the compressor is reduced is less than or equal to the indicated power. If not, continue to reduce the operating frequency of the compressor. If so, it means that the current operating state of the air conditioner can meet the requirements of the energy consumption reduction instruction and can maintain stable operation, and then the control step ends.
  • the step of executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value includes:
  • Step S601 Control the opening of the throttling device to reduce a first opening value
  • Step S602 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S603, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S603 acquiring a first exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced by a first opening value and a second exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced by the first opening value;
  • Step S604 Determine whether the first exhaust pressure Pc1 is less than the second exhaust pressure Pc2. If yes, execute step S605; otherwise, execute step S606:
  • Step S605 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a second opening value, and executing step S602;
  • Step S606 Stop adjusting the opening of the downward flow device.
  • step S601 a throttling device is provided in the refrigerant pipeline of the air conditioner.
  • the opening of the throttling device is reduced, the exhaust side pressure Pc of the compressor can be increased and the return side pressure Pe of the compressor can be reduced, so that the pressure ratio Pc/Pe of the compressor increases.
  • step S602 after reducing the opening of the throttling device by the first opening value, the relationship between the pressure ratio of the compressor and the lower limit value of the pressure ratio is determined. If the pressure ratio is greater than the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, it means that the pressure ratio has been effectively increased by adjusting the opening of the throttling device, so that the compressor can operate stably, and there is no need to continue to adjust the opening of the throttling device. If the pressure ratio is still less than or equal to the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, it means that the opening of the throttling device needs to be further reduced.
  • step S603 generally, the reduction of the opening of the throttling device will increase the exhaust pressure of the compressor. Therefore, generally, after the opening of the throttling device is reduced by the first opening value, the second exhaust pressure is greater than the first exhaust pressure.
  • the first exhaust pressure is the exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced by the first opening value
  • the second exhaust pressure is the exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced by the first opening value.
  • the opening of the throttling device is too small or the opening of the throttling device is close to the closed state, it will cause too little gas on the suction side of the compressor, resulting in a reduction in the exhaust volume on the exhaust side of the compressor, thereby making the first exhaust pressure greater than or equal to the second exhaust pressure.
  • step S604 to step S606 when the first exhaust pressure is lower than the second exhaust pressure, it indicates that the current opening of the throttling device is within the normal range, and the opening of the throttling device can still be further reduced, so the opening of the throttling device is controlled to continue to reduce the second opening value; when the first exhaust pressure is greater than or equal to the second exhaust pressure, it indicates that the current opening of the throttling device is too small, and the throttling device opening is stopped from being further reduced.
  • the opening of the throttling device may be increased by a third opening value, wherein the third opening value is smaller than the first opening value, so as to increase the exhaust pressure of the compressor.
  • the first opening value is equal to the second opening value, and the opening value of the throttling device is equal each time it is adjusted.
  • the opening of the throttling device is reduced at a constant speed, which is conducive to making the exhaust pressure of the compressor change more evenly and making the overall operation of the air conditioner more stable.
  • the first opening value and the second opening value are not equal, and the opening of the throttling device is determined by referring to the difference between the second exhaust pressure and the first exhaust pressure each time the opening of the throttling device is adjusted.
  • the opening of the throttling device is adjusted by adjusting the change value of the compressor exhaust pressure (i.e., the absolute value of the difference between the second exhaust pressure and the first exhaust pressure) each time the opening of the throttling device is adjusted, so that the adjustment of the throttling device has an intelligent feedback mechanism to improve the response speed and control accuracy of the throttling device.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first exhaust pressure and the second exhaust pressure is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the first opening value and the second opening value.
  • the greater the change value of the compressor exhaust pressure the smaller the change of the second opening value relative to the first opening value (i.e., the absolute value of the difference between the second opening value and the first opening value); the smaller the change value of the compressor exhaust pressure, the greater the change of the second opening value relative to the first opening value (i.e., the absolute value of the difference between the second opening value and the first opening value).
  • the step of executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value includes:
  • Step S701 Control the opening of the throttling device to reduce a first opening value
  • Step S702 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S703, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S703 Obtaining the exhaust superheat of the compressor
  • Step S704 Determine whether the exhaust gas superheat HDSH is greater than or equal to the superheat upper limit value B. If yes, execute step S706; otherwise, execute step S705:
  • Step S705 Control the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a second opening value, and execute step S702;
  • Step S706 Stop adjusting the opening of the downward flow device.
  • step S701 a throttling device is provided in the refrigerant pipeline of the air conditioner, and when the opening of the throttling device is reduced, the exhaust gas superheat of the compressor can be increased.
  • step S702 after reducing the opening of the throttling device by the first opening value, the relationship between the pressure ratio of the compressor and the lower limit value of the pressure ratio is determined. If the pressure ratio is greater than the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, it means that the pressure ratio has been effectively increased by adjusting the opening of the throttling device, so that the compressor can operate stably, and there is no need to continue to adjust the opening of the throttling device. If the pressure ratio is still less than or equal to the lower limit value of the pressure ratio, it means that the opening of the throttling device needs to be further reduced.
  • step S703 under normal circumstances, the exhaust superheat of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced to the first opening value is smaller than the exhaust superheat of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced to the first opening value, that is, after the throttling device reduces its opening, the exhaust superheat of the compressor will increase, but if the exhaust superheat is too large, it will affect the normal operation of the air conditioner and even cause damage.
  • steps S704 to S706 when the exhaust superheat is less than the superheat upper limit value, it means that the current opening of the throttling device is within the normal range, and the opening of the throttling device can still be further reduced, so the opening of the throttling device is controlled to continue to reduce the second opening value; when the exhaust superheat is greater than or equal to the superheat upper limit value, it means that the current opening of the throttling device is too small, and the throttling device opening is stopped from being further reduced.
  • the opening of the throttling device can be increased by a third opening value, wherein the third opening value is smaller than the first opening value, so as to reduce the exhaust superheat of the compressor.
  • the first opening value is equal to the second opening value
  • the opening value of the throttling device is equal each time it is adjusted.
  • the opening of the throttling device is reduced at a constant speed, which is conducive to a more uniform change in the exhaust superheat of the compressor and makes the overall operation of the air conditioner more stable.
  • the first opening value and the second opening value are not equal, and each time the opening of the throttling device is adjusted, the opening of the throttling device is adjusted with reference to the exhaust gas superheat.
  • the value is determined so that the adjustment of the throttling device has an intelligent feedback mechanism to improve the response speed and control accuracy of the throttling device.
  • the exhaust superheat is negatively correlated with the absolute value of the difference between the first opening value and the second opening value.
  • the larger the value of the exhaust superheat of the compressor the smaller the change of the second opening value relative to the first opening value (that is, the absolute value of the difference between the second opening value and the first opening value); the smaller the value of the exhaust superheat of the compressor, the larger the change of the second opening value relative to the first opening value (that is, the absolute value of the difference between the second opening value and the first opening value).
  • control method for an air conditioner specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S801 Obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction
  • Step S802 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S803 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S804;
  • Step S804 obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor
  • Step S805 determine whether the operating frequency f is greater than the frequency lower limit f1, if yes, execute step S806, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S806 controlling the compressor to reduce the first frequency value based on the operating frequency
  • Step S807 Obtain the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S808 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S809, if no, execute step S803;
  • Step S809 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a first opening value
  • Step S810 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S811, if no, execute step S803;
  • Step S811 acquiring the exhaust superheat of the compressor, acquiring the first exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced to a first opening value, and acquiring the second exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced to the first opening value;
  • Step S812 determine whether the first exhaust pressure Pc1 is less than the second exhaust pressure Pc2, if yes, execute step S813, if no, execute step S814; or determine whether the exhaust superheat HDSH is less than the superheat upper limit B, if yes, execute step S813, if no, execute step S814;
  • Step S813 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a second opening value
  • Step S814 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S815, if no, execute step S803;
  • Step S815 Determine whether the wind speed of the indoor fan is at the lowest level, if yes, execute step S817, if no, control the wind speed of the indoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S816 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S815, if no, execute step S803;
  • Step S817 determining whether the wind speed of the outdoor fan is at the lowest level, if so, ending the control process, if not, controlling the wind speed of the outdoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S818 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if so, execute step S817, if not, execute step S803.
  • the preset control instructions executed by the air conditioner include reducing the opening of the throttling device, reducing the wind speed of the indoor fan, and reducing the wind speed of the outdoor fan.
  • the heat exchanger in the indoor unit of the air conditioner acts as an evaporator
  • the heat exchanger in the outdoor unit acts as a condenser. Therefore, preferentially lowering the wind speed of the indoor unit fan can reduce the return air pressure Pe of the compressor to increase the pressure ratio Pc/Pe.
  • the wind speed of the outdoor unit fan is further lowered to increase the exhaust pressure Pc on the exhaust side of the compressor, thereby increasing the pressure ratio (Pc/Pe) value.
  • control method for an air conditioner specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S901 obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction and shutting down the electric auxiliary heating device
  • Step S902 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S903 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S904;
  • Step S904 obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor
  • Step S905 determine whether the operating frequency is greater than the frequency lower limit, if yes, execute step S906, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S906 controlling the compressor to reduce the first frequency value based on the operating frequency
  • Step S907 Obtain the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S908 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S909, if no, execute step S903;
  • Step S909 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a first opening value
  • Step S910 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S911, if no, execute step S903;
  • Step S911 acquiring the exhaust superheat of the compressor, acquiring the first exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced to a first opening value, and acquiring the second exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced to the first opening value;
  • Step S912 determine whether the first exhaust pressure Pc1 is less than the second exhaust pressure Pc2, if yes, execute step S913, if no, execute step S914; or determine whether the exhaust superheat HDSH is less than the superheat upper limit B, if yes, execute step S913, if no, execute step S914;
  • Step S913 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a second opening value
  • Step S914 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S915, if no, execute step S903;
  • Step S915 Determine whether the wind speed of the outdoor fan is at the lowest level, if yes, execute step S917, if no, control the wind speed of the outdoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S916 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S915, if no, execute step S903;
  • Step S917 determining whether the wind speed of the indoor fan is at the lowest level, if so, ending the control process, if not, controlling the wind speed of the indoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S918 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if so, execute step S917, if not, execute step S903.
  • the preset control instructions executed by the air conditioner include reducing the opening of the throttling device, reducing the wind speed of the indoor fan, and reducing the wind speed of the outdoor fan.
  • the heat exchanger in the indoor unit of the air conditioner acts as a condenser, and the heat exchanger in the outdoor unit acts as an evaporator. Therefore, preferentially lowering the wind speed of the outdoor unit fan can reduce the return air pressure Pe of the compressor to increase the pressure ratio Pc/Pe.
  • the wind speed of the indoor unit fan is further lowered to increase the exhaust pressure Pc on the exhaust side of the compressor, thereby increasing the pressure ratio (Pc/Pe) value.
  • control method for an air conditioner specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S1001 obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction and shutting down the electric auxiliary heating device
  • Step S1002 Obtaining the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S1003 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S1004;
  • Step S1004 obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor
  • Step S1005 determine whether the operating frequency is greater than the frequency lower limit, if yes, execute step S1006, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S1006 controlling the compressor to reduce the first frequency value based on the operating frequency
  • Step S1007 Obtain the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S1008 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1009, if no, execute step S1003;
  • Step S1009 Determine whether the wind speed of the outdoor fan is at the lowest level, if yes, execute step S1011, if no, control the wind speed of the outdoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S1010 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1011, if no, execute step S1003;
  • Step S1011 Determine whether the wind speed of the indoor fan is at the lowest level. If so, execute step S1013. If not, control the wind speed of the indoor fan to be lowered by one level.
  • Step S1012 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1013, if no, execute step S1003;
  • Step S1013 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a first opening value
  • Step S1014 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1015, if no, execute step S1003;
  • Step S1015 acquiring the exhaust superheat of the compressor, acquiring the first exhaust pressure of the compressor before the opening of the throttling device is reduced to a first opening value, and acquiring the second exhaust pressure of the compressor after the opening of the throttling device is reduced to the first opening value;
  • Step S1016 determine whether the first exhaust pressure Pc1 is less than the second exhaust pressure Pc2, if yes, execute step S1017, if no, end the control process; or determine whether the exhaust superheat HDSH is less than the superheat upper limit B, if yes, execute step S1017, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S1017 controlling the opening of the throttling device to decrease to a second opening value
  • Step S1018 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if so, execute step S1015, if not, execute step S1003.
  • the step of adjusting the opening of the throttling device is placed after the step of adjusting the outdoor fan and the indoor fan. This is beneficial to increasing the cooling output or heat output of the air conditioner while ensuring low energy consumption of the air conditioner.
  • the power of the indoor fan and the outdoor fan is also reduced. Therefore, preferentially reducing the wind speed of the outdoor fan and the indoor fan can preferentially reduce the total operating power of the air conditioner, and when the total power meets the standard and the pressure ratio is greater than the lower limit of the pressure ratio, the throttling device is kept at a larger opening, thereby making the refrigerant flow in the air conditioner smoother and increasing the cooling capacity or heating capacity of the air conditioner.
  • the control device controls the air conditioner to exit the low-energy consumption frequency-limiting mode to ensure the reliability of the air conditioner system.
  • exiting the low-energy consumption frequency-limiting mode means controlling the air conditioner to exit the step of executing the preset control instructions and controlling the operating frequency of the compressor to increase so as to achieve stable operation of the air conditioner system.
  • a control method for an air conditioner In a heating mode, the control method for the air conditioner specifically includes the following steps:
  • the steps of the control method are as follows:
  • Step S1101 obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction and shutting down the electric auxiliary heating device
  • Step S1102 Obtain the total power of the air conditioner
  • Step S1103 determine whether the total power P is less than or equal to the indicated power value P1, if yes, end the control process, if no, execute step S1104;
  • Step S1104 obtaining the operating frequency of the compressor
  • Step S1105 determine whether the operating frequency is greater than the frequency lower limit, if yes, execute step S1106, if no, end the control process;
  • Step S1106 controlling the compressor to reduce the first frequency value based on the operating frequency
  • Step S1107 Obtain the pressure ratio of the compressor
  • Step S1108 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1109, if no, execute step S1103;
  • Step S1109 Determine whether the wind speed of the indoor fan is at the lowest level, if yes, execute step S1111, if no, control the wind speed of the outdoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S1110 determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if yes, execute step S1109, if no, execute step S1103;
  • Step S1111 determine whether the wind speed of the outdoor fan is at the lowest level, if so, execute step S1112, if not, control the wind speed of the indoor fan to be lowered by one level;
  • Step S1112 Determine whether the pressure ratio is less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit value, if so, end the control process, if not, execute step S1103.
  • an air conditioner is also proposed, as shown in FIG11 , the air conditioner includes a refrigerant circulation pipeline, and a compressor 10, an indoor unit, a throttling device 50 and an outdoor unit connected in series in the refrigerant circulation pipeline, the indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor fan 20 arranged corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor unit includes an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor fan 30 arranged corresponding to the outdoor heat exchanger, an electric auxiliary heating device 40 is also arranged in the indoor unit, a first pressure sensor 70 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline of the refrigerant circulation pipeline on the exhaust side of the compressor 10, and a second sensor is arranged in the return air pipeline of the refrigerant circulation pipeline on the return air side of the compressor 10, and the first pressure sensor 70 can detect the pressure The exhaust pressure Pc of the compressor 10 is detected by the second pressure sensor 80, and the return air pressure Pe of the compressor 10 is detected.
  • the indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor fan 20 arranged corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger
  • the control device 60 is electrically connected to the compressor 10, the indoor fan 20, the outdoor fan 30, the throttling device 50, the electric auxiliary heating device 40, the first pressure sensor 70, and the second pressure sensor 80.
  • the control device 60 can obtain the return air pressure Pe and the exhaust pressure Pc, and calculate the pressure ratio of the compressor 10 according to the return air pressure Pe and the exhaust pressure Pc.
  • the control device 60 can also control the operation of the air conditioner based on the control method of the air conditioner proposed in the present disclosure.
  • the control device 60 includes a memory 61 and at least one processor 62, wherein the memory 61 stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor 62, and when the processor 62 executes the program or instruction, the steps of the air conditioner control method in this application are implemented.
  • the control method of the air conditioner proposed in the present disclosure solves the problem that when the power of the air conditioner is limited, the compressor frequency is too low, resulting in the pressure ratio exceeding the low pressure ratio limit of the compressor.
  • a computer storage medium is also provided, on which computer readable instructions are stored.
  • the one or more processors execute the control method of the air conditioner in any embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the processor involved in the present disclosure may be, for example, an air conditioning system, and the air conditioning system includes but is not limited to a window air conditioner, a split wall-mounted air conditioner, a split cabinet air conditioner, a ceiling air conditioner, an embedded air conditioner, and a central air conditioner.
  • the control method of the air conditioner may include but is not limited to at least one of the following steps: obtaining an energy consumption reduction instruction; controlling the compressor to reduce the operating frequency according to the energy consumption reduction instruction; obtaining the pressure ratio of the compressor; and executing a preset control instruction according to the pressure ratio being less than or equal to the pressure ratio lower limit.
  • a "computer-readable storage medium” may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or in conjunction with such instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • Computer-readable storage media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wirings (electronic devices), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM, Compact Disc Read-Only Memory).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

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Abstract

一种空调器的控制方法、空调器以及计算机存储介质，其中，控制方法包括：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；获取压缩机的压比；根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令；预设控制指令包括以下至少一种：降低节流装置的开度，降低外机风机的风档，降低内机风机的风档。根据本公开的控制方法，解决了在空调器功率设限时，压缩机频率过低导致压比超出压缩机低压比限值的问题，使空调器的运行更加稳定。

Description

空调器及其控制方法以及计算机存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于以下专利申请的优先权和权益，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中：
2023年06月27日提交至中国国家知识产权局的、申请号为202310768474.X、名称为“空调器及其控制方法以及计算机存储介质”的中国专利申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及家用电器技术领域，尤其涉及一种空调器及其控制方法以及计算机存储介质。
背景技术
空调器在运行的过程中，当受外部环境条件的限制，例如电网负荷较高、电价处于高位或者空调器介入智慧楼宇管理系统，使空调器接收到降低总功率的指令以节约能耗时，空调器基于降低能耗的需求往往需要降低压缩机的运行频率，但是，压缩机降频会导致压缩机的压比降低，甚至使压比低于最低限值的问题，使压缩机损坏。
申请内容
本公开的目的是至少解决压缩机降频导致压比低于最低限值的问题。该目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本公开的第一方面提出了一种空调器的控制方法，空调器的控制方法包括：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；获取所述压缩机的压比；根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行以下至少一种控制指令：降低节流装置的开度，降低外机风机的风档，降低内机风机的风档。
根据本公开的控制方法，当降低压缩机的运行频率导致压缩机的压比低于压比下限值时，通过执行降低节流装置的开度、降低外机风机的风档、降低内机风机的风档中的至少一个步骤，以提升压比，确保压比能够保持高于压比下限值的区间内，使空调器的运行更加稳定。
另外，根据本公开的空调器的控制方法，还可具有如下附加的技术特征：
在本公开的一些实施例中，在所述根据所述能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤之前，还包括：获取所述空调器的运行模式；根据所述空调器处于制热模式关闭电辅热装置。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤包括：获取压缩机的运行频率；判断所述运行频率是否大于所述频率下限值；根据所述运行频率大于所述频率下限值控制所述压缩机在所述运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；根据所述运行频率小于或等于频率下限值停止下调所述运行频率。
在本公开的一些实施例中，在所述根据所述能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤之前，还包括：获取空调器运行的总功率；判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值；根据所述总功率小于或等于所述指示功率值结束控制过程；根据所述总功率大于所述指示功率值执行控制所述压缩机降低运行频率的步骤。
在本公开的一些实施例中，在所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤之后还包括：判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值执行所述判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值的步骤；根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值结束控制过程。
在本公开的一些实施例中，在所述获取所述压缩机的压比的步骤之后还包括：根据所述压比大于所 述压比下限值执行所述判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值的步骤。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：控制所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值结束控制过程；根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值，获取所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的所述压缩机的第一排气压力，以及获取所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的所述压缩机的第二排气压力；根据所述第一排气压力小于所述第二排气压力控制所述节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述第一排气压力大于或等于所述第二排气压力停止下调所述节流装置的开度。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值相等；或，所述第一排气压力与所述第二排气压力之差的绝对值和所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值之差的绝对值呈负相关。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：控制所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值结束控制过程；根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值获取所述压缩机的排气过热度；判断所述排气过热度是否大于或等于过热度上限值；根据所述排气过热度小于所述过热度上限值控制所述节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述排气过热度大于或等于所述过热度上限值停止下调所述节流装置的开度。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值相等；或，所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值之差的绝对值与所述排气过热度呈负相关。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：根据所述空调处于制冷模式，先执行控制所述内机风机降低风档，直至所述内机风机的风档降至最低档再控制所述外机风机降低风档；或，根据所述空调处于制热模式，先执行控制所述外机风机降低风档，直至所述外机风机的风档降至最低档再控制所述内机风机降低风档。
根据本公开的第二方面，还提出一种空调器，所述空调器包括：压缩机、内机风机、外机风机、节流装置、电辅热装置、第一压力传感器、第二压力传感器和控制装置；所述第一压力传感器设于所述压缩机的排气管路并用于检测所述压缩机的排气压力，所述第二压力传感器，设于所述压缩机的回气管路并用于检测所述压缩机的回气压力，所述控制装置与所述压缩机、所述内机风机、所述外机风机、所述节流装置、所述电辅热装置、所述第一压力传感器、所述第二压力传感器均电连接，所述控制装置用于根据所述排气压力和所述回气压力计算压比，并根据第一方面技术方案中的空调器的控制方法控制所述空调器的运行。
根据本公开的第三方面，还提出一种计算机存储介质，计算机存储介质上存储有计算机可读指令，所述计算机可读指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，使得一个或多个处理器执行如第一方面技术方案中任一项所述的空调器的控制方法。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本公开的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图2示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图3示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图4示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图5示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图6示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图7示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图8示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的制冷模式下的控制方法的流程示意图；
图9示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的制热模式下的控制方法的流程示意图；
图10示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的制热模式下的控制方法的流程示意图；
图11示意性地示出了根据本公开的一些实施方式的空调器的结构的框图示意图。
附图标记如下：
10、压缩机；20、内机风机；30、外机风机；40、电辅热装置；50、节流装置；60、控制装置；61、
存储器；62、处理器；70、第一压力传感器；80、第二压力传感器。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施方式，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
应理解的是，文中使用的术语仅出于描述特定示例实施方式的目的，而无意于进行限制。除非上下文另外明确地指出，否则如文中使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“所述”也可以表示包括复数形式。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”以及“具有”是包含性的，并且因此指明所陈述的特征、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但并不排除存在或者添加一个或多个其它特征、步骤、操作、元件、部件、和/或它们的组合。文中描述的方法步骤、过程、以及操作不解释为必须要求它们以所描述或说明的特定顺序执行，除非明确指出执行顺序。还应当理解，可以使用另外或者替代的步骤。
尽管可以在文中使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述多个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段，但是，这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应被这些术语所限制。这些术语可以仅用来将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一区域、层或部段区分开。除非上下文明确地指出，否则诸如“第一”、“第二”之类的术语以及其它数字术语在文中使用时并不暗示顺序或者次序。因此，以下讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部段在不脱离示例实施方式的教导的情况下可以被称作第二元件、部件、区域、层或部段。
为了便于描述，可以在文中使用空间相对关系术语来描述如图中示出的一个元件或者特征相对于另一元件或者特征的关系，这些相对关系术语例如为“内部”、“外部”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“下面”、“下方”、“上面”、“上方”等。这种空间相对关系术语意于包括除图中描绘的方位之外的在使用或者操作中装置的不同方位。例如，如果在图中的装置翻转，那么描述为“在其它元件或者特征下面”或者“在其它元件或者特征下方”的元件将随后定向为“在其它元件或者特征上面”或者“在其它元件或者特征上方”。因此，示例术语“在……下方”可以包括在上和在下的方位。装置可以另外定向(旋转90度或者在其它方向)并且文中使用的空间相对关系描述符相应地进行解释。
如图1所示，根据本公开的实施方式，提出了一种空调器的控制方法，控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S101：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；
步骤S102：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S103：根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令。
能耗降低指令是指降低空调器运行总功率的指令，能耗降低指令可以是空调器中的处理器基于外部条件主动发出的指令，例如，智能化的空调器基于电网的电价信息，当电价处于峰值时，为降低使用成本主动下调空调器的运行的总功率，减少耗电量。
或者，能耗降低指令也可以是外部设备向空调器发出的指令，例如，空调器接入智能电网系统中，智能电网系统具有内置数字计算机的高性能电力控制设备通过网络从发电设备到终端电力设备(如空调器)彼此连接，当处于用电高峰期使电网的负荷较高时，电力控制设备为提高电网中电力供应和需求平衡，向高耗电设备如空调器等发出降低能耗的指令，优化电力分配，预防停电，并降低成本。
或者，在智能楼宇系统的空调器，空调器接收智能楼宇系统的电力调配，当电价处于峰值或者智能楼宇中的电力供应负荷较大时，通过智能楼宇系统向空调器发送能耗降低指令。
在步骤S101中，由于压缩机是空调制热的核心部件，压缩机的能耗占空调总能耗的大部分，因此，降低压缩机的运行频率可以迅速的降低空调器的总的运行功率。
在步骤S102和步骤S103中，压缩机的压比即为压缩机高压侧绝对压力除以低压侧的绝对压力得出的数值，高压侧绝对压力即压缩机的排气压力，低压侧的绝对压力即为压缩机的回气压力，一般地，压缩机的压比处于合理的区间，压比过高或过低均会影响空调器的运行。其中，当压缩机的运行频率降低时，压缩机的压比也随之降低，若压比降低至低于或等于压比下限值时，会损伤压缩机，影响空调器运行的稳定性。
其中，压比下限值K的取值范围可以为1<K<4，例如1.2、1.5、1.6、1.8、2等，需要说明的是，压比下限值根据压缩机型号的不同具有不同值，压比下限值还可以设置为其他与压缩机的型号相匹配的参数，在此不做具体限定。
预设控制指令包括降低节流装置的开度、降低外机风机的风档、降低内机风机的风档中的至少一项，通过控制空调器执行预设控制指令，可以升高压缩机的压比值，使压缩机的压比值大于压比下限值，由此可以更好的保证空调器在降低运行频率后运行的可靠性，避免压缩机在较低运行频率的工况下运行时由于压比过低而导致的损坏。
本实施方式中，根据本公开的实施方式，在控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤之前，还包括步骤：获取空调器的运行模式；根据空调器处于制热模式判断电辅热装置是否开启，若电辅热装置开启则关闭电辅热装置，若电辅热装置未开启则执行控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤。可理解地，当压缩机处于制热模式时，若外部环境温度过低，仅开启压缩机无法满足制热需求时，还需要开启电辅热装置，以增加空调器的热量输出，但是，电辅热装置是将电能转化为热能的方式来取暖，电辅热装置内部是电阻丝，通电后将电能转化成热能传到房间内，耗电量较大，因此在空调器接收到能耗降低指令时，优先关闭电辅热装置。可理解地，当空调器处于制冷模式时电辅热装置不会开启，因此，在制冷模式中的控制步骤不考虑电辅热装置的因素。
如图2所示，根据本公开的实施方式，控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤包括：
步骤S201：获取压缩机的运行频率；
步骤S202：判断运行频率是否大于频率下限值，若是则执行步骤S203，若否则执行步骤S204；
步骤S203：控制压缩机在运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
步骤S204：停止下调运行频率。
需要说明的是，本公开中的空调器中的压缩机是指变频压缩机，变频压缩机相对转速恒定的压缩机而言，其转速能够在一定范围内连续调节，能连续改变输出能量，不同型号的压缩机在保证稳定运行的前提下具有不同的频率区间。例如，一些型号的压缩机的运行频率范围在20Hz至120Hz，该型号压缩机的频率下限值即为20Hz；另一些型号的压缩机的运行频率范围在25Hz至130Hz，该型号压缩机的频率下限值即为205Hz；还有一些型号的压缩机的运行频率范围在30Hz至130Hz，该型号压缩机的频率下限值即为30Hz；因此，基于不同型号的压缩机，其频率下限值具有不同值，在此不做具体限定。
当压缩机的运行频率大于频率下限值时，说明当前压缩机能够正常运行，并且压缩机的运行频率还具有可降低的空间，因此，控制压缩机的运行频率减小第一频率值，以继续降低空调器整体运行的总功率，降低空调器的耗电量。当压缩机的运行频率小于或等于频率下限值时，则说明压缩机的运行频率不具备下调的空间，若继续降低压缩机的运行频率，会导致压缩机非正常运行，造成空调器的运行不稳定，或造成压缩机的损坏，因此，停止继续下调运行频率。
在一些实施方式中，若压缩机的运行频率小于频率下限值时，将压缩机的运行频率提高至频率下限值运行，以确保压缩机能够正常运行。
在一些实施方式中，第一频率值设置为固定值，第一频率值的取值范围可以是1Hz～20Hz，或者0.1Hz～10Hz，例如，第一频率值可以设置为1Hz、2Hz、3Hz、5Hz、6Hz、7Hz、8Hz、9Hz、10Hz、12Hz、14Hz、15Hz、18Hz、20Hz等。
在另一些实施方式中，第一频率值可以根据压缩机当前的运行频率值与频率下限值的差值进行调 整，例如，第一频率值设置为与运行频率值减去频率下限值的差值呈正相关，差值越大则第一频率值越大，在多次调整压缩机的过程中，随着压缩机的运行频率与频率下限值的差值减小，则第一频率值也随之减小，多次调整压缩机的过程中，第一次降低压缩机的运行频率时的第一频率值最大，在第一次降低压缩机的运行频率后，第一频率值逐渐减小，以实现压缩机降频的精确调整，并且，每次调节过程中，第一频率值小于压缩机当前的运行频率值减去频率下限值的差值，避免压缩机的运行频率降低至频率下限值以下，提高压缩机运行的稳定性。
在另一些实施方式中，第一频率值可以根据空调器当前的总功率与能耗降低指令所对应的指定功率的差值进行调整，第一频率值设置为与空调器当前的总功率减去能耗降低指令所对应的指定功率的差值呈正相关，差值越大则第一频率值越大，在多次调整压缩机的过程中，随着压缩机的运行频率与频率下限值的差值减小，则第一频率值也随之减小，以实现快速降低空调器运行的总功率，使空调器能够快速地响应能耗降低指令。
需要强调的是，每次调节过程中，第一频率值小于压缩机当前的运行频率值减去频率下限值的差值，避免压缩机的运行频率降低至频率下限值以下，提高压缩机运行的稳定性。
如图3所示，根据本公开的实施方式，空调器的控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S301：获取能耗降低指令；
步骤S302：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S303：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S304；
步骤S304：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；
步骤S305：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S306：根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令。
本实施方式中，步骤S301与步骤S101相同，步骤S304至步骤S306与步骤S101至步骤S103相同，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S301中，获取能耗降低指令是指：空调器中的控制装置获取自智能电网系统或智能楼宇系统向空调器发出的能耗降低指令。
在步骤S302和步骤S303中，当获取能耗降低指令后，首先判断空调器当前运行的总功率是否满足能耗降低指令所对应的指示功率值，若总功率小于或等于指示功率值，则说明当前空调器运行状态下的耗电量满足要求，使空调器保持当前运行状态不变，若总功率大于指示功率值，则控制压缩机降低运行频率。
如图4所示，根据本公开的实施方式，空调器的控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S401：获取能耗降低指令；
步骤S402：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S403：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S404：
步骤S404：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；
步骤S405：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S406：根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令；
步骤S407：判断压比是否小于压比下限值，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S403。
本实施方式中，步骤S401至步骤S406与步骤S301至步骤S306相同，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S407中，当空调器执行预设控制指令之后，若压缩机的压比仍然小于或等于压比下限值，则说明空调器在当前运行环境中，压缩机的运行频率过低，并已经不能保证压缩机的稳定运行，因此结束当前控制过程，并停止压缩机继续降频。
可理解地，在一些实施方式中，为确保空调器的稳定运行，若空调器执行所有的预设控制指令之后，压缩机的压比仍然小于或等于压比下限值，则升高压缩机的运行频率，确保压比大于压比下限值，以使 压缩机能够稳定运行。
若压缩机的压比大于或等于压比则返回到步骤S403，判断空调器当前的总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值，若总功率值扔然大于指示功率值，则在压缩机未降低至频率下限值的前提下，继续降低压缩机的频率。
需要说明的是，本实施方式中，自步骤S401至步骤S406即完成压缩机降频的一个控制步骤，在从步骤S407返回至步骤S403则进入压缩机降频的下一个控制循环中，在每个控制循环中，基于空调器的总功率大于指示功率值均控制压缩机的运行频率下调第一频率值。
如图5所示，根据本公开的实施方式，空调器的控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S501：获取能耗降低指令；
步骤S502：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S503：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S504；
步骤S504：根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；
步骤S505：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S506：根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令；
步骤S507：根据压比大于压比下限值执行步骤S503。
本实施方式中，步骤S501至步骤S506与步骤S401至步骤S406相同，在此不再赘述。
在步骤S507中，若空调器执行降低压缩机的运行频率的步骤之后，压缩机的压比大于压比下限值则说明压缩机下调运行频率后并未影响压缩机的稳定运行，在保持压缩机稳定运行的前提下，压缩机的运行频率仍然具有下调空间，以继续降低空调器运行的总功率，因此，返回至步骤S503，判断压缩机的运行频率下调后的总功率是否小于或等于指示功率，若否则继续下调压缩机的运行频率，若是则说明空调器当前的运行状态即能满足能耗降低指令的要求，也能够保持稳定运行，则结束控制步骤。
如图6所示，在本公开的一些实施方式中，根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：
步骤S601：控制节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
步骤S602：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S603，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S603：获取节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的第一排气压力和节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的第二排气压力；
步骤S604：判断第一排气压力Pc1是否小于第二排气压力Pc2，若是则执行步骤S605，若否则执行步骤S606：
步骤S605：控制节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，并执行步骤S602；
步骤S606：停止下调节流装置的开度。
在本实施方式中，在步骤S601中，节流装置设置在空调器的冷媒管路中，当节流装置的开度减小时，可以提高压缩机的排气侧压力Pc并降低压缩机的回气侧压力Pe，使得压缩机的压比Pc/Pe升高。
在步骤S602中，在执行将节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后，则判断压缩机的压比与压比下限值之间的大小关系，若压比大于压比下限值则说明通过调节节流装置的开度已经有效的升高了压比，使压缩机能够稳定运行，则无需继续对节流装置的开度进行调节，若压比仍然小于或等于压比下限值，则说明还需要继续降低节流装置的开度。
在步骤S603中，一般情况下，节流装置的开度减小会使得压缩机的排气压力升高，因此，一般情况下，节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后，第二排气压力大于第一排气压力，具体地，第一排气压力为节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的排气压力，第二排气压力为节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的排气压力。但是，若节流装置的开度过小或者节流装置的开度接近于关闭的状态时，会导致压缩机的吸气侧气体过少，导致压缩机排气侧的排气量减小，进而使得第一排气压力大于或等于第二排气压力。
因此，在步骤S604至步骤S606中，当第一排气压力小于第二排气压力时，说明当前节流装置的开度处于正常范围内，仍然可以继续调小节流装置的开度，因此控制节流装置的开度继续减小第二开度值；当第一排气压力大于或等于第二排气压力时，说明当前节流装置的开度过小，则停止继续调小节流装置的开度。
在一些实施方式中，若第一排气压力大于或等于第二排气压力时，可将节流装置的开度增大第三开度值，其中，第三开度值小于第一开度值，以提升压缩机的排气压力。
在一些实施方式中，第一开度值与第二开度值相等，在每次调节节流装置的开度值均相等，在多次调节节流装置的过程中，使节流装置的开度等速下降，有利于使压缩机的排气压力较为均匀的变化，使空调器整体运行更加稳定。
在一些实施方式中，第一开度值和第二开度值不相等，每次调节节流装置的开度参照第二排气压力相对于第一排气压力的差值进行确定，通过每次调节节流装置的开度导致压缩机排气压力的变化值(即第二排气压力减去第一排气压力的差的绝对值)调节节流装置的开度，使节流装置的调节具备智能化的反馈机制，以提高节流装置的响应速度和调控精度。具体地，第一排气压力与第二排气压力之差的绝对值和第一开度值与第二开度值之差的绝对值呈负相关。可理解地，在将节流装置的开度减小第一开度值后，压缩机排气压力的变化值越大，则第二开度值相对于第一开度值的变化(即第二开度值减去第一开度值的差的绝对值)越小；压缩机排气压力的变化值越小，则第二开度值相对于第一开度值的变化(即第二开度值减去第一开度值的差的绝对值)越大。
如图7所示，在本公开的一些实施方式中，根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：
步骤S701：控制节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
步骤S702：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S703，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S703：获取压缩机的排气过热度
步骤S704：判断排气过热度HDSH是否大于或等于过热度上限值B，若是则执行步骤S706，若否则执行步骤S705：
步骤S705：控制节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，并执行步骤S702；
步骤S706：停止下调节流装置的开度。
在本实施方式中，在步骤S701中，节流装置设置在空调器的冷媒管路中，当节流装置的开度减小时，可以提高压缩机的排气过热度。
在步骤S702中，在执行将节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后，则判断压缩机的压比与压比下限值之间的大小关系，若压比大于压比下限值则说明通过调节节流装置的开度已经有效的升高了压比，使压缩机能够稳定运行，则无需继续对节流装置的开度进行调节，若压比仍然小于或等于压比下限值，则说明还需要继续降低节流装置的开度。
在步骤S703中，一般情况下，节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的排气过热度小于节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的排气过热度，即节流装置在减小其开度之后，压缩机的排气过热度会增大，但是，若排气过热度过大，则会影响空调器的正常运行，甚至造成损害。
在步骤S704至步骤S706中，当排气过热度小于过热度上限值时，说明当前节流装置的开度处于正常范围内，仍然可以继续调小节流装置的开度，因此控制节流装置的开度继续减小第二开度值；当排气过热度大于或等于过热度上限值时，说明当前节流装置的开度过小，则停止继续调小节流装置的开度。
在一些实施方式中，若排气过热度大于或等于过热度上限值，可将节流装置的开度增大第三开度值，其中，第三开度值小于第一开度值，以提降低压缩机的排气过热度。
在一些实施方式中，第一开度值与第二开度值相等，在每次调节节流装置的开度值均相等，在多次调节节流装置的过程中，使节流装置的开度等速下降，有利于使压缩机的排气过热度较为均匀的变化，使空调器整体运行更加稳定。
在一些实施方式中，第一开度值和第二开度值不相等，每次调节节流装置的开度参照排气过热度的 值进行确定，使节流装置的调节具备智能化的反馈机制，以提高节流装置的响应速度和调控精度。具体地，排气过热度和第一开度值与第二开度值之差的绝对值呈负相关。可理解地，在将节流装置的开度减小第一开度值后，压缩机的排气过热度的值越大，则第二开度值相对于第一开度值的变化(即第二开度值减去第一开度值的差的绝对值)越小；压缩机的排气过热度的值越小，则第二开度值相对于第一开度值的变化(即第二开度值减去第一开度值的差的绝对值)越大。
如图8所示，根据本公开的一些具体的实施方式，提出一种空调器的控制方法，在制冷模式下，空调器的控制方法具体包括如下步骤：
步骤S801：获取能耗降低指令；
步骤S802：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S803：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S804；
步骤S804：获取压缩机的运行频率；
步骤S805：判断运行频率f是否大于频率下限值f1，若是则执行步骤S806，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S806：控制压缩机在运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
步骤S807：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S808：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S809，若否则执行步骤S803；
步骤S809：控制节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
步骤S810：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S811，若否则执行步骤S803；
步骤S811：获取压缩机的排气过热度，获取节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的第一排气压力和节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的第二排气压力；
步骤S812：判断第一排气压力Pc1是否小于第二排气压力Pc2，若是则执行步骤S813，若否则执行步骤S814；或者判断排气过热度HDSH是否小于过热度上限值B，若是则执行步骤S813，若否则执行步骤S814；
步骤S813：控制节流装置的开度减小第二开度值；
步骤S814：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S815，若否则执行步骤S803；
步骤S815：判断内机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则执行步骤S817，若否则控制内机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S816：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S815，若否则执行步骤S803；
步骤S817：判断外机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则结束控制过程，若否则控制外机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S818：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S817，若否则执行步骤S803。
在本实施方式中，当空调器获取能耗降低指令后，空调器所执行的预设控制指令依次包括降低节流装置的开度、降低内机风机的风档以及降低外机风机的风档。
需要说明的是，在制冷模式下，空调器的室内机中的换热器作为蒸发器，室外机中的换热器作为冷凝器，因此，优先降低内机风机的风档能够降低压缩机的回气压力Pe，以增大压比Pc/Pe，当内机风机的风档降低至最低档时，再降低外机风机的风档，以提高压缩机排气侧的排气压力Pc，从而升高压比(Pc/Pe)值。
如图9所示，根据本公开的一些具体的实施方式，提出一种空调器的控制方法，在制热模式下，空调器的控制方法具体包括如下步骤：
步骤S901：获取能耗降低指令，并关闭电辅热装置；
步骤S902：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S903：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S904；
步骤S904：获取压缩机的运行频率；
步骤S905：判断运行频率是否大于频率下限值，若是则执行步骤S906，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S906：控制压缩机在运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
步骤S907：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S908：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S909，若否则执行步骤S903；
步骤S909：控制节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
步骤S910：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S911，若否则执行步骤S903；
步骤S911：获取压缩机的排气过热度，获取节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的第一排气压力和节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的第二排气压力；
步骤S912：判断第一排气压力Pc1是否小于第二排气压力Pc2，若是则执行步骤S913，若否则执行步骤S914；或者判断排气过热度HDSH是否小于过热度上限值B，若是则执行步骤S913，若否则执行步骤S914；
步骤S913：控制节流装置的开度减小第二开度值；
步骤S914：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S915，若否则执行步骤S903；
步骤S915：判断外机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则执行步骤S917，若否则控制外机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S916：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S915，若否则执行步骤S903；
步骤S917：判断内机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则结束控制过程，若否则控制内机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S918：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S917，若否则执行步骤S903。
在本实施方式中，当空调器获取能耗降低指令后，空调器所执行的预设控制指令依次包括降低节流装置的开度、降低内机风机的风档以及降低外机风机的风档。
需要说明的是，在制热模式下，空调器的室内机中的换热器作为冷凝器，室外机中的换热器作为蒸发器，因此，优先降低外机风机的风档能够降低压缩机的回气压力Pe，以增大压比Pc/Pe，当外机风机的风档降低至最低档时，再降低内机风机的风档，以提高压缩机排气侧的排气压力Pc，从而升高压比(Pc/Pe)值。
如图10所示，根据本公开的一些具体的实施方式，提出一种空调器的控制方法，在制热模式下，空调器的控制方法具体包括如下步骤：
步骤S1001：获取能耗降低指令，并关闭电辅热装置；
步骤S1002：获取空调器运行的总功率；
步骤S1003：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S1004；
步骤S1004：获取压缩机的运行频率；
步骤S1005：判断运行频率是否大于频率下限值，若是则执行步骤S1006，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S1006：控制压缩机在运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
步骤S1007：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S1008：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1009，若否则执行步骤S1003；
步骤S1009：判断外机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则执行步骤S1011，若否则控制外机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S1010：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1011，若否则执行步骤S1003；
步骤S1011：判断内机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是执行步骤S1013，若否则控制内机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S1012：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1013，若否则执行步骤S1003；
步骤S1013：控制节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
步骤S1014：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1015，若否则执行步骤S1003；
步骤S1015：获取压缩机的排气过热度，获取节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的压缩机的第一排气压力和节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的压缩机的第二排气压力；
步骤S1016：判断第一排气压力Pc1是否小于第二排气压力Pc2，若是则执行步骤S1017，若否结束控制过程；或者判断排气过热度HDSH是否小于过热度上限值B，若是则执行步骤S1017，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S1017：控制节流装置的开度减小第二开度值；
步骤S1018：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1015，若否则执行步骤S1003。
本实施方式中，在执行降低节流装置的开度、降低外机风机以及内机风机的风档的过程中，将调节节流装置的开度的步骤放置于调节外机风机以及内机风机的步骤之后，有利于在保证空调器低能耗的前提下，提高空调器的冷量输出或热量输出。
详细地，当外机风机以及内机风机的风档降低时，内机风机和外机风机的功率也随之降低，因此，优先降低外机风机以及内机风机的风档可以优先降低空调器的运行的总功率，并当总功率达标，并且压比大于压比下限值的前提下，使节流装置保持较大的开度，从而使空调器中的冷媒流量更加顺畅，提升空调器的制冷量或制热量。
需要说明的是，判断控制器的冷媒系统是否超出了低压运行范围，除了本公开中提出的Pc/Pe方法之外，其他与压力相关的基于饱和温度等物性参数计算压比，然后套用本专利的算法同样属于保护范畴之类。
还需强调的是，本申请中，在空调器执行并完成全部的预设控制指令之后，若压缩机的压比仍然小于或等于压比下限值，则控制装置控制空调器退出低能耗限频模式，以保证空调器的系统的可靠性。其中，退出低能耗限频模式是指控制空调器退出执行预设控制指令的步骤，并控制压缩机的运行频率升高，以实现空调器的系统能够稳定运行为准。
根据本公开的一些具体的实施方式，提出一种空调器的控制方法，在制热模式下，空调器的控制方法具体包括如下步骤：
在一些实施方式中，未设置节流装置的空调器中，其控制方法的步骤如下：
步骤S1101：获取能耗降低指令，并关闭电辅热装置；
步骤S1102：获取空调器运行的总功率
步骤S1103：判断总功率P是否小于或等于指示功率值P1，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S1104；
步骤S1104：获取压缩机的运行频率；
步骤S1105：判断运行频率是否大于频率下限值，若是则执行步骤S1106，若否则结束控制过程；
步骤S1106：控制压缩机在运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
步骤S1107：获取压缩机的压比；
步骤S1108：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1109，若否则执行步骤S1103；
步骤S1109：判断内机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是则执行步骤S1111，若否则控制外机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S1110：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则执行步骤S1109，若否则执行步骤S1103；
步骤S1111：判断外机风机的风档是否处于最低档，若是执行步骤S1112，若否则控制内机风机的风档降低1档；
步骤S1112：判断压比是否小于或等于压比下限值，若是则结束控制过程，若否则执行步骤S1103。
根据本公开的实施方式，还提出一种空调器，如图11所示，空调器包括冷媒循环管路，以及串联于冷媒循环管路中的压缩机10、室内机、节流装置50和室外机，室内机包括内机换热器以及与内机换热器对应设置的内机风机20，室外机包括外机换热器以及与外机换热器对应设置的外机风机30，室内机内还设置有电辅热装置40，第一压力传感器70设置于压缩机10排气侧的冷媒循环管路的排气管路中，第二传感器设置于压缩机10回气侧的冷媒循环管路的回气管路中，第一压力传感器70能够检测压 缩机10的排气压力Pc，第二压力传感器80能够检测压缩机10的回气压力Pe，控制装置60与压缩机10、内机风机20、外机风机30、节流装置50、电辅热装置40、第一压力传感器70、第二压力传感器80均电连接，控制装置60能够获取回气压力Pe以及排气压力Pc，并根据回气压力Pe和排气压力Pc计算压缩机10的压比，控制装置60还能够基于本公开提出的空调器的控制方法控制空调器的运行。
其中，控制装置60包括存储器61和至少一个处理器62，其中，存储器61上存储有可在处理器62上运行的程序或指令，处理器62执行程序或指令时实现本申请中空调器的控制方法的步骤。
本公开提出的空调器的控制方法，解决了在空调器功率设限时，压缩机频率过低导致压比超出压缩机低压比限值的问题。
根据本公开的实施方式，还提供一种计算机存储介质，计算机存储介质上存储有计算机可读指令，计算机可读指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，使得一个或多个处理器执行本公开任一实施例中的空调器的控制方法。本公开所涉及的处理器例如可以空调系统，空调系统包括但不限于窗式空调、分体式壁挂空调、分体式立柜空调、吊顶式空调、嵌入式空调、中央空调。空调器的控制方法可包括但不限于如下的至少一个步骤：获取能耗降低指令；根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；获取压缩机的压比；根据压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令。
在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和/或步骤，例如，可以被认为是用于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表，可以具体实现在任何计算机可读存储介质中，以供指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统、包括处理器的系统或其他可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取指令并执行指令的系统)使用，或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用。就本说明书而言，“计算机可读存储介质”可以是任何可以包含、存储、通信、传播或传输程序以供指令执行系统、装置或设备或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用的装置。计算机可读存储介质的更具体的示例(非穷尽性列表)包括以下：具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置)，便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置)，随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)，只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)，可擦除可编辑只读存储器(EPROM，Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，或闪速存储器)，光纤装置，以及便携式光盘只读存储器(CDROM，Compact Disc Read-Only Memory)。另外，计算机可读存储介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质，因为可以例如通过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描，接着进行编辑、解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行处理来以电子方式获得所述程序，然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。
应当理解，本公开的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如，如果用硬件来实现，和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PG A，Programmable Gate Array)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)等。
以上所述，仅为本公开较佳的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种空调器的控制方法，其中，所述空调器的控制方法包括：
    根据能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率；
    获取所述压缩机的压比；
    根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令；
    所述预设控制指令包括以下至少一种：降低节流装置的开度，降低外机风机的风档，降低内机风机的风档。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，在所述根据所述能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤之前，还包括：
    获取所述空调器的运行模式；
    根据所述空调器处于制热模式关闭电辅热装置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，所述控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤包括：
    获取压缩机的运行频率；
    判断所述运行频率是否大于所述频率下限值；
    根据所述运行频率大于所述频率下限值控制所述压缩机在所述运行频率的基础上减小第一频率值；
    根据所述运行频率小于或等于频率下限值停止下调所述运行频率。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，在所述根据所述能耗降低指令控制压缩机降低运行频率的步骤之前，还包括：获取空调器运行的总功率；
    判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值；
    根据所述总功率小于或等于所述指示功率值结束控制过程；
    根据所述总功率大于所述指示功率值执行控制所述压缩机降低运行频率的步骤。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，在所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤之后还包括：
    判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；
    根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值执行所述判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值的步骤；
    根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值结束控制过程。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，在所述获取所述压缩机的压比的步骤之后还包括：
    根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值执行所述判断所述总功率是否小于或等于指示功率值的步骤。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：
    控制所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
    判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；
    根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值结束控制过程；
    根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值，获取所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之前的所述 压缩机的第一排气压力，以及获取所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值之后的所述压缩机的第二排气压力；
    根据所述第一排气压力小于所述第二排气压力控制所述节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；
    根据所述第一排气压力大于或等于所述第二排气压力停止下调所述节流装置的开度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，
    所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值相等；
    或，所述第一排气压力与所述第二排气压力之差的绝对值和所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值之差的绝对值呈负相关。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：
    控制所述节流装置的开度减小第一开度值；
    判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；
    根据所述压比大于所述压比下限值结束控制过程；
    根据所述压比小于或等于所述压比下限值获取所述压缩机的排气过热度；
    判断所述排气过热度是否大于或等于过热度上限值；
    根据所述排气过热度小于所述过热度上限值控制所述节流装置的开度减小第二开度值，判断所述压比是否小于或等于所述压比下限值；根据所述排气过热度大于或等于所述过热度上限值停止下调所述节流装置的开度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，
    所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值相等；
    或，所述第一开度值与所述第二开度值之差的绝对值与所述排气过热度呈负相关。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的空调器的控制方法，其中，所述根据所述压比小于或等于压比下限值执行预设控制指令的步骤包括：
    根据所述空调处于制冷模式，先执行控制所述内机风机降低风档，直至所述内机风机的风档降至最低档再控制所述外机风机降低风档；
    或，根据所述空调处于制热模式，先执行控制所述外机风机降低风档，直至所述外机风机的风档降至最低档再控制所述内机风机降低风档。
  12. 一种空调器，其中，所述空调器包括：
    压缩机、内机风机、外机风机、节流装置、电辅热装置、第一压力传感器、第二压力传感器和控制装置；
    所述第一压力传感器设于所述压缩机的排气管路并用于检测所述压缩机的排气压力，所述第二压力传感器设于所述压缩机的回气管路并用于检测所述压缩机的回气压力，所述控制装置与所述压缩机、所述内机风机、所述外机风机、所述节流装置、所述电辅热装置、所述第一压力传感器、所述第二压力传感器均电连接，所述控制装置用于根据所述排气压力和所述回气压力计算压比，并根据如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的空调器的控制方法控制所述空调器的运行。
  13. 一种计算机存储介质，其中，计算机存储介质上存储有计算机可读指令，所述计算机可读指令被一个或多个处理器读取时，使得一个或多个处理器执行如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的空调器的 控制方法。
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