WO2024259974A1 - 电池包和储能设备 - Google Patents

电池包和储能设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024259974A1
WO2024259974A1 PCT/CN2024/073563 CN2024073563W WO2024259974A1 WO 2024259974 A1 WO2024259974 A1 WO 2024259974A1 CN 2024073563 W CN2024073563 W CN 2024073563W WO 2024259974 A1 WO2024259974 A1 WO 2024259974A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
sealing
liquid cooling
plate
cooling plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/073563
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马亚强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024259974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024259974A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/591—Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an energy storage device.
  • the battery pack box is composed of a cover plate and a lower box body.
  • the lower box body includes a bottom plate and side plates formed on the bottom plate.
  • the side plates have a certain height and are generally made of metal.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack and an energy storage device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
  • a box body the box body comprises an upper box cover and a liquid cooling plate
  • the upper box cover is provided with a receiving cavity
  • the bottom of the upper box cover is provided with an opening communicating with the receiving cavity
  • the liquid cooling plate is sealingly connected to the bottom of the upper box cover and closes the opening
  • the upper box cover is an insulating member
  • a battery cell is located in the accommodating cavity and supported by the liquid cooling plate, and the battery cell is thermally connected to the liquid cooling plate.
  • An energy storage device includes the battery pack according to the above embodiment.
  • the battery cells are accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the upper box cover and supported by the liquid cooling plate.
  • the upper box cover is an insulating part, which can prevent the battery cells from high-voltage breakdown and high-voltage ignition during thermal runaway. It can also reduce the cost and weight of the box, reduce the weight of the battery pack, increase the energy density of the battery pack, and also reduce the overall cost.
  • FIG1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a side view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack of FIG3 along line A-A;
  • FIG5 is an enlarged view of a portion C of the battery pack of FIG4 ;
  • FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack of FIG3 along line B-B;
  • FIG7 is an enlarged view of a portion D of the battery pack of FIG6 ;
  • FIG8 is a perspective view of a liquid cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a side view of a liquid cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid cooling plate of FIG9 along line E-E;
  • FIG11 is an enlarged view of part F of the liquid cooling plate of FIG10 ;
  • FIG12 is an enlarged view of a portion G of the liquid cooling plate of FIG10 ;
  • FIG13 is a cross-sectional view of an upper box cover according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of part H of the energy storage device of FIG. 15 .
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection.
  • It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection.
  • It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
  • It can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • a battery pack 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a box body 12 and a battery cell 14.
  • the box body 12 includes an upper box cover 16 and a liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the upper box cover 16 is provided with a receiving cavity 20.
  • the bottom of the upper box cover 16 is provided with an opening 22 connected to the receiving cavity 20.
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 is sealed and connected to the bottom of the upper box cover 16 and closes the opening 22.
  • the upper box cover 16 is an insulating member.
  • the battery cell 14 is located in the receiving cavity 20 and is supported by the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the battery cell 14 is thermally connected to the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the battery cell 14 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 20 of the upper box cover 16 and is supported by the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the upper box cover 16 is an insulating member to prevent the battery cell 14 from high-voltage breakdown and high-voltage ignition during thermal runaway. It can also reduce the cost and weight of the box body 12, reduce the weight of the battery pack 100, improve the energy density of the battery pack 100, and also reduce the overall cost.
  • the interior of the upper box cover 16 is deepened to form a accommodating cavity 20, the liquid cooling plate 18 carries the battery cell 14, and the upper box cover 16 is directly sealed and connected to the liquid cooling plate 18, so that the traditional side beams of the box body can be eliminated.
  • the upper box cover 16 is an insulating part, and the cost and weight of the box body 12 are greatly reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the battery pack 100, improving the energy density of the battery pack 100, and also reducing the overall cost.
  • the upper case cover 16 is an insulating part, there is no conductive part in the position in contact with the battery cell 14, which prevents the high-voltage circuit and the case 12 from igniting when the battery cell 14 is in thermal runaway, causing the case 12 to melt through, and oxygen to enter, which aggravates the thermal runaway in the battery pack 100; at the same time, it also prevents other battery cells 14 in the battery pack 100 from short-circuiting due to high-voltage ignition, thereby inducing heat diffusion, and then causing the entire system to catch fire and explode.
  • the insulating part can be a non-metallic part.
  • the battery pack 100 may include one or more battery cells 14, and multiple battery cells 14 may form one or more battery modules. Multiple battery cells 14 may be electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the number, shape, and electrical connection form of the battery cells 14. In FIG. 2 , the number of battery cells 14 is two, and the battery cells 14 are square. The two battery cells 14 are connected in series, and the two battery cells 14 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • the battery cell 14 is supported on the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 is sealed to the upper box cover 16 so that the accommodating cavity 20 forms a relatively closed space, ensuring the moisture-proof and dust-proof performance of the battery pack 100.
  • the material of the insulating member is selected from at least one of polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyphenylene ether, a composite material of polycarbonate and glass fiber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic ABS, a composite material of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber, a composite material of polyphenylene ether and glass fiber, and a composite material of epoxy resin and glass fiber.
  • the material of the upper box cover 16 can be flexibly selected.
  • the material of the insulating member can be selected from polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), a composite material of polycarbonate and glass fiber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic (ABS), a composite material of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber, a composite material of polyphenylene oxide and glass fiber, or a composite material of epoxy resin and glass fiber.
  • the material of the insulating member can be selected from two or more of polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyphenylene ether, a composite material of polycarbonate and glass fiber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, a composite material of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber, a composite material of polyphenylene ether and glass fiber, or a composite material of epoxy resin and glass fiber.
  • the upper box cover 16 includes a plurality of grid structures 19 and fillers (not shown), the plurality of grid structures 19 are stacked, and the fillers fill the gaps 21 of the grid structures 19 and connect the plurality of grid structures 19 .
  • the filler fills the gaps 21 of the grid structure 19 .
  • the filler can connect multiple grid structures 19 together.
  • the filler filling the gaps 21 can reduce the gaps inside the upper box cover 16 and ensure the structural strength of the upper box cover 16 .
  • the grid structure 19 may be formed by a plurality of strips 23 (such as glass fibers) arranged horizontally and vertically, and the filler may include a mixture of epoxy resin and glue materials. It is understood that in other embodiments, the grid structure 19 may also be formed by other strips 23 (such as carbon nanotubes), and the filler is not limited to a mixture of epoxy resin and glue materials, as long as it is a material suitable for filling the gaps 21 of the grid structure 19.
  • the upper box cover 16 includes a side plate 24, and a sealing edge 26 is provided at the bottom of the side plate 24, and the sealing edge 26 is sealed and connected to the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the sealing edge 26 is connected to the side plate 24 to form a connecting portion 28, and the connecting portion 28 is configured to rupture to form a gap channel when the air pressure in the accommodating cavity 20 exceeds the air pressure threshold, and the accommodating cavity 20 is connected to the outside of the box body 12 through the gap channel.
  • the safety of the battery pack 100 can be improved when the battery cells 14 experience thermal runaway.
  • the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 14 will explode, and the high-pressure gas of the battery cell 14 will be released into the accommodating chamber 20, thereby accumulating and increasing the air pressure in the box body 12.
  • the connecting portion 28 When the air pressure in the accommodating chamber 20 exceeds the air pressure threshold, the connecting portion 28 will rupture to form a gap channel, and the high-temperature electrolyte sprayed from the explosion-proof valve of the failed battery cell 14 will flow to the liquid cooling plate 18, and then flow out of the battery pack 100 through the gap channel, thereby preventing the electrolyte from accumulating in the battery pack 100 and igniting the electrolyte due to ignition, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 100 when the battery cell 14 experiences thermal runaway.
  • the air pressure threshold can be specifically set according to design requirements.
  • the connection portion 28 is designed according to the air pressure threshold so that when the air pressure in the accommodating cavity 20 exceeds the air pressure threshold, the connection portion 28 will rupture to form a gap channel.
  • the connecting portion 28 is a rounded structure.
  • connection portion 28 is easily broken when the battery cell 14 undergoes thermal runaway.
  • the inner wall of the connecting portion 28 is the side wall of the accommodating cavity 20, and the connecting portion 28 is a rounded structure.
  • the inner wall of the connecting portion 28 is an arc-shaped inner wall. The arc-shaped inner wall is subjected to the air pressure in the accommodating cavity 20 along its surface, and the pressure direction is toward the center of the rounded structure, which easily forms stress concentration inside the connecting portion 28, making the connecting portion 28 easy to rupture when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 14.
  • the rounded corner structure may be a rounded corner structure of R2 or R5.
  • the upper box cover 16 includes a side plate 24, and a sealing edge 26 is provided at the bottom of the side plate 24.
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 is formed with an annular sealing groove 30, and a sealing ring 32 is disposed in the sealing groove 30.
  • the sealing edge 26 is connected to the liquid cooling plate 18 and compresses the sealing ring 32, and the sealing ring 32 seals and connects the sealing edge 26 and the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the sealing edge 26 extends outward perpendicularly to the side plate 24, and the upper side of the liquid cooling plate 18
  • An annular sealing groove 30 is formed on the surface.
  • the sealing edge 26 covers the sealing groove 30 and presses the sealing ring 32, so that the sealing ring 32 seals and connects the sealing edge 26 and the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the sealing groove 30 can also limit the sealing ring 32 to prevent the sealing ring 32 from shifting and affecting the sealing effect.
  • the height direction of the battery pack 100 can be the up and down direction.
  • the sealing ring 32 may be a rubber ring.
  • the sealing edge 26 is formed with a plurality of first fixing holes 34
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 is formed with a plurality of second fixing holes 36
  • the first fixing holes 34 are connected to the second fixing holes 36 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the battery pack 100 further includes a plurality of fasteners (such as bolts), each fastener being provided with a first fixing hole 34 and a second fixing hole 36 and fixedly connecting the upper case cover 16 and the liquid cooling plate 18 .
  • the sealing ring 32 is compressed to achieve sealing of the battery pack 100 .
  • the battery pack 100 satisfies the following relationship:
  • c k ⁇ b, wherein k is the compressible range of the sealing ring 32 , the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4], c is the depth of the sealing groove 30 , and b is the width of the sealing ring 32 .
  • the sealing ring 32 will creep if it is squeezed too much or for a long time, that is, the sealing elasticity performance of the sealing ring 32 becomes worse and worse. Therefore, when designing the seal, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the depth of the sealing groove 30 and the width of the sealing ring 32.
  • the depth of the sealing groove 30 is small, resulting in the width of the sealing ring 32 far exceeding the depth of the sealing groove 30. In this case, when the sealing ring 32 is squeezed, part of the sealing ring 32 will extend beyond the sealing groove 30. Although the sealing ring 32 will have a good sealing effect in a short time, it will experience creep deformation, which is not conducive to long-term use.
  • k is greater than 0.4, when the sealing ring 32 is squeezed, the depth of the sealing groove 30 will exceed the width of the sealing ring 32 at its optimal sealing performance value, and the sealing effect will deteriorate. Therefore, the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4] which is the best choice. The sealing ring 32 is not easily crushed and reliable sealing can be guaranteed.
  • the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4], that is, 0.2 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.4.
  • k can be 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, or other values between 0.2 and 0.4.
  • the battery pack 100 satisfies the following relationship:
  • k is the compressible range of the sealing ring 32
  • the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4]
  • a is the width of the sealing groove 30
  • b is the width of the sealing ring 32
  • d is the height of the sealing ring 32 .
  • the width of the sealing groove 30 is small, and the sealing ring 32 expands horizontally after being compressed. There are many horizontally expanded parts, and the horizontally expanded parts are easily squeezed by the folds, resulting in breakage and failure.
  • k is greater than 0.4, the width of the sealing groove 30 is relatively large, and when the sealing ring 32 is squeezed, the width of the sealing groove 30 will exceed the width of the sealing ring 32 at the optimal sealing performance value, and the sealing effect will be deteriorated.
  • the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4] which is the best choice.
  • the sealing ring 32 is not easily crushed and reliable sealing can be guaranteed.
  • the value range of k is [0.2, 0.4], that is, 0.2 ⁇ k ⁇ 0.4.
  • k can be 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, or other values between 0.2 and 0.4.
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 includes a sealing plate 38, a flow channel plate 40 and a protective plate 42 which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the sealing plate 38 is sealingly connected to the bottom of the upper box cover 16, the flow channel plate 40 includes a first surface 39 and a second surface 41 opposite to each other, the first surface 39 is provided with a first groove 44, the sealing plate 38 covers the first groove 44 to form a first flow channel 46, the second surface 41 is provided with a second groove 45, the protective plate 42 covers the second groove 45 to form a second flow channel 47, the sealing plate 38 is provided with a first joint 48 and a second joint 50, the first joint 48 and the second joint 50 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first flow channel 46 and the two ends of the second flow channel 47.
  • the sealing plate 38, the flow channel plate 40 and the protective plate 42 can be connected by welding (such as brazing), which ensures the connection strength of the three and the sealing of the first flow channel 46 and the second flow channel 47. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the sealing plate 38, the flow channel plate 40 and the protective plate 42 can also be connected in other ways, not limited to welding. The present application does not specifically limit the material of the sealing plate 38, the flow channel plate 40 and the protective plate 42. In one embodiment, the sealing plate 38, the flow channel plate 40 and the protective plate 42 can be formed by stamping aluminum alloy and then connected together. When the battery pack 100 is too large and requires a higher bearing strength, the liquid cooling plate 18 can select a higher strength profile welded liquid cooling plate 18. The sealing groove 30 is provided on the upper surface of the sealing plate 38.
  • the protection plate 42 can protect the flow channel plate 40 outside the battery pack 100 to prevent the flow channel plate 40 from being damaged by collision and leaking.
  • the opening of the first groove 44 faces upward, and the sealing plate 38 covers the first groove 44 and seals the opening of the first groove 44, so that the sealing plate 38 and the flow channel plate 40 surround the first groove 44 to form a first flow channel 46.
  • the first flow channel 46 can be a flow channel in a tortuous shape, and the first flow channel 46 can also include a plurality of sub-flow channels arranged in parallel, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the opening of the second groove 45 faces downward, and the protective plate 42 covers the second groove 45 and seals the opening of the second groove 45, so that the protective plate 42 and the flow channel plate 40 surround the second groove 45 to form a second flow channel 47.
  • the second flow channel 47 can be a flow channel in a tortuous shape, and the second flow channel 47 can also include a plurality of sub-flow channels arranged in parallel, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first joint 48 and the second joint 50 are connected to the two ends of the first flow channel 46 respectively. 50 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second flow channel 47.
  • the first joint 48 can be used as a liquid inlet joint
  • the second joint 50 can be used as a liquid outlet joint.
  • the liquid cooling unit 51 can connect the first joint 48 and the second joint 50 through a pipeline. When dissipating heat to the battery pack 100, the liquid cooling unit 51 can input the low-temperature fluid from the first joint 48 into the first flow channel 46 and the second flow channel 47. The low-temperature fluid exchanges heat with the battery cell 14 through the sealing plate 38 to dissipate heat to the battery cell 14.
  • the temperature of the fluid increases after absorbing heat, and flows out of the first flow channel 46 and the second flow channel 47 from the second joint 50 and enters the liquid cooling unit 51.
  • the liquid cooling unit 51 cools the fluid to form a low-temperature fluid.
  • the low-temperature fluid is again input into the first flow channel 46 and the second flow channel 47 through the first joint 48, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the first surface 39 is provided with a first groove 44
  • the sealing plate 38 covers the first groove 44 to form a first flow channel 46 .
  • the first joint 48 and the second joint 50 are respectively connected to two ends of the first flow channel 46 .
  • the second surface 41 is provided with a second groove 45, and the protective plate 42 covers the second groove 45 to form a second flow channel 47.
  • the sealing plate 38 is provided with a first joint 48 and a second joint 50, which respectively connect the two ends of the second flow channel 47.
  • the liquid cooling plate 18 is thermally connected to the bottom surface of the battery cell 14 via a thermally conductive adhesive (not shown).
  • the thermal conductive adhesive can be attached to the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate 18 and the battery cell 14 to reduce the gap between the liquid cooling plate 18 and the battery cell 14, thereby increasing the heat transfer path and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 14.
  • the thermal conductive adhesive can be silica gel.
  • a receiving groove 52 is formed on the upper surface of the liquid cooling plate 18 , and the thermal conductive adhesive is contained in the receiving groove 52 .
  • the thermal conductive adhesive is usually required to cover the bottom surface of all battery cells 14, so a large amount of thermal conductive adhesive is usually provided on the liquid cooling plate 18. Since the thermal conductive adhesive has a certain fluidity, the receiving groove 52 on the liquid cooling plate 18 is used to accommodate the thermal conductive adhesive. On the one hand, the amount of thermal conductive adhesive on the liquid cooling plate 18 can be set to be large to ensure the heat dissipation efficiency. On the other hand, the thermal conductive adhesive is not easy to overflow from the liquid cooling plate 18, ensuring the neatness of the battery pack 100.
  • a high-voltage connector 54 is provided on the front side of the upper case cover 16.
  • the high-voltage connector 54 can connect the electrodes of a battery pack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of battery cells 14.
  • the battery cells 14 can supply power to the outside world and be charged through the high-voltage connector 54.
  • the high-voltage connector 54 is fixed to the front side of the upper case cover 16 through a mounting plate 56.
  • the battery pack 100 of the embodiment of the present application has at least the following effects:
  • the side beams of the traditional box can be eliminated, and the liquid cooling plate 18 can be used to support the battery cells 14.
  • the upper box cover 16 can be made deeper, and the upper box cover 16 and the liquid cooling plate 18 can be directly sealed and connected, which greatly reduces the cost and weight of the box 12 and reduces The weight of the battery pack 100 is reduced, the energy density of the battery pack 100 is increased, and the overall cost is also reduced;
  • the upper cover 16 of the insulating member prevents the high-voltage circuit and the metal box from igniting when the battery cell 14 of the battery pack 100 is in thermal runaway, causing the box to melt through, and oxygen to enter, aggravating the thermal runaway in the battery pack 100; at the same time, it also prevents other battery cells 14 in the battery pack 100 from short-circuiting due to high-voltage ignition, thereby inducing heat diffusion, and then causing the entire system to catch fire and explode;
  • the upper box cover 16 is an insulating part and has no box side beams. There is no accommodating cavity 20 design on the liquid cooling plate 18. At the same time, the connection between the sealing edge 26 and the side wall of the upper box cover 16 is configured to rupture to form a gap channel when the air pressure in the accommodating cavity 20 exceeds the air pressure threshold.
  • the accommodating cavity 20 is connected to the outside of the box 12 through the gap channel.
  • the high-temperature electrolyte sprayed from the explosion-proof valve of the failed battery cell 14 will flow to the liquid cooling plate 18, and then flow out of the battery pack 100 from the gap channel to avoid the electrolyte in the battery pack 100 being ignited due to the accumulation of electrolyte in the battery pack 100 and the ignition of the electrolyte due to ignition.
  • an energy storage device 200 includes a battery pack 100 according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the battery cell 14 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 20 of the upper box cover 16 and is supported by the liquid cooling plate 18.
  • the upper box cover 16 is an insulating member to prevent the battery cell 14 from high-voltage breakdown and high-voltage ignition during thermal runaway. It can also reduce the cost and weight of the box body 12, reduce the weight of the battery pack 100, improve the energy density of the battery pack 100, and also reduce the overall cost.
  • the energy storage device 200 may further include a bracket 57, and one or more battery packs 100 may be mounted on the bracket 57. Multiple battery packs 100 may form multiple battery pack layers and be arranged on the bracket 57. Multiple battery packs 100 may be electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel.
  • the energy storage device 200 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage containers, household energy storage cabinets, and other energy storage devices.
  • the energy storage device 200 further includes a liquid cooling unit 51 , which is connected to the first connector 48 and the second connector 50 of the battery pack 100 via a pipeline.

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Abstract

一种电池包(100)和储能设备(200)。电池包(100)包括：箱体(12)，箱体(12)包括上箱盖(16)和液冷板(18)，上箱盖(16)内设有容纳腔(20)，上箱盖(16)的底部设有连通容纳腔(20)的开口(22)，液冷板(18)密封连接上箱盖(16)的底部并关闭开口(22)，上箱盖(16)为绝缘件；电池单体(14)，电池单体(14)位于容纳腔(20)内且由液冷板(18)承载，电池单体(14)与液冷板(18)导热地连接。

Description

电池包和储能设备
优先权信息
本申请请求2023年06月20日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为2023107353925的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，特别涉及一种电池包和储能设备。
背景技术
在相关技术中，电池包的箱体由盖板和下箱体构成，下箱体包括底板及形成在底板上的侧板，侧板具有一定高度，且一般为金属材料，在电池包发生热失控时，极容易造成电池包在内部电池在发生热失控时高压回路与金属侧板发生高压击穿及高压打火，造成金属侧板的融穿，氧气进入电池包内造成电池包内起火爆炸，而且金属盖板的重量较重。
发明内容
本申请实施方式提供一种电池包和储能设备以解决上述存在的至少一个技术问题。
本申请实施方式的一种电池包包括：
箱体，所述箱体包括上箱盖和液冷板，所述上箱盖内设有容纳腔，所述上箱盖的底部设有连通所述容纳腔的开口，所述液冷板密封连接所述上箱盖的底部并关闭所述开口，所述上箱盖为绝缘件；
电池单体，所述电池单体位于所述容纳腔内且由所述液冷板承载，所述电池单体与所述液冷板导热地连接。
本申请实施方式的一种储能设备包括上述实施方式的电池包。
上述电池包和储能设备中，电池单体容纳在上箱盖的容纳腔内，并由液冷板承载，上箱盖为绝缘件，避免电池单体在热失控时发生高压击穿及高压打火，也可以降低箱体成本及重量，降低了电池包的重量，提高了电池包的能量密度，同时也降低了整体成本。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有 技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对在本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施方式的电池包的立体图；
图2为本申请实施方式的电池包的分解图；
图3为本申请实施方式的电池包的侧视图；
图4为图3的电池包沿A-A线的剖面图；
图5为图4的电池包C部分的放大图；
图6为图3的电池包沿B-B线的剖面图；
图7为图6的电池包D部分的放大图；
图8为本申请实施方式的液冷板的立体图；
图9为本申请实施方式的液冷板的侧视图；
图10为图9的液冷板沿E-E线的剖面图；
图11为图10的液冷板F部分的放大图；
图12为图10的液冷板G部分的放大图；
图13为本申请实施方式的上箱盖的截面图；
图14为本申请实施方式的网格结构的示意图；
图15为本申请实施方式的储能设备的示意图；
图16为图15的储能设备H部分的放大图。
附图标记说明：
电池包-100，箱体-12，电池单体-14，上箱盖-16，液冷板-18，网格结构-19，容纳腔-20，
缝隙-21，开口-22，条状物-23，侧板-24，密封边-26，连接部-28，密封槽-30，密封圈-32，第一固定孔-34，第二固定孔-36，密封板-38，流道板-40，防护板-42，第一凹槽-44，第二凹槽-45，第一流道-46，第二流道-47，第一接头-48，第二接头-50，液冷机组-51，收容槽-52，高压连接器-54，安装板-56，支架-57，储能设备-200。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施方式，实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺 时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接。可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接。可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对在本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本申请的不同结构。为了简化本申请的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。此外，本申请可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本申请提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参图1至图4，本申请实施方式提供的一种电池包100包括箱体12和电池单体14。箱体12包括上箱盖16和液冷板18，上箱盖16内设有容纳腔20，上箱盖16的底部设有连通容纳腔20的开口22，液冷板18密封连接上箱盖16的底部并关闭开口22，上箱盖16为绝缘件。电池单体14位于容纳腔20内且由液冷板18承载，电池单体14与液冷板18导热地连接。
上述电池包100中，电池单体14容纳在上箱盖16的容纳腔20内，并由液冷板18承载，上箱盖16为绝缘件，避免电池单体14在热失控时发生高压击穿及高压打火，也可以降低箱体12成本及重量，降低了电池包100的重量，提高了电池包100的能量密度，同时也降低了整体成本。
具体地，在本申请实施方式中，将上箱盖16内部做深形成容纳腔20，液冷板18承载电池单体14，上箱盖16与液冷板18直接密封连接，可取消传统的箱体的侧边梁，同时，上箱盖16为绝缘件，箱体12成本及重量大幅下降，降低了电池包100的重量，提高了电池包100的能量密度，同时也降低了整体成本。
进一步地，由于上箱盖16为绝缘件，与电池单体14四周接触的位置没有了导电件，避免了电池包100在电池单体14发生热失控时，高压回路与箱体12发生高压打火，造成箱体12融穿，氧气进入之后使得电池包100内热失控加剧；同时，也避免了因为高压打火造成电池包100内的其他电池单体14发生短路以至于诱发热扩散，进而造成整个系统发生起火爆炸。在一个实施方式中，绝缘件可以是非金属件。
电池包100可以包括一个或多个电池单体14，多个电池单体14可以形成一个或多个电池模组，多个电池单体14可以以串联、并联或串并联的方式进行电连接。本申请对电池单体14的数量、形状和电连接形式不作具体限定。在图2中，电池单体14的数量是两个，电池单体14呈方形，两个电池单体14串联连接，两个电池单体14沿左右方向布置。
电池单体14承载在液冷板18上。液冷板18密封连接上箱盖16以使容纳腔20形成相对密闭的空间，保证电池包100的防潮防尘性能。
在某些实施方式中，绝缘件的材料选自聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯和玻纤的复合材料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料ABS、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料和玻纤的复合材料、聚苯醚和玻纤的复合材料、环氧树脂和玻纤的复合材料中的至少一种。
如此，可以灵活选择上箱盖16的材料。
具体地，在一个实施方式中，绝缘件的材料可选自聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)、聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate，PC)、聚苯醚(Polyphenylene Oxide，PPO)、聚碳酸酯和玻纤的复合材料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene，ABS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料和玻纤的复合材料、聚苯醚和玻纤的复合材料，或环氧树脂和玻纤的复合材料。
在一个实施方式中，绝缘件的材料可选自聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯和玻纤的复合材料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料和玻纤的复合材料、聚苯醚和玻纤的复合材料，或环氧树脂和玻纤的复合材料中的两种或两种以上。
在某些实施方式中，请参图13至图14，上箱盖16包括多个网格结构19和填充物(图未示)，多个网格结构19层叠设置，填充物填充网格结构19的缝隙21并连接多个网格结构19。
如此，可以保证上箱体12的结构强度。
具体地，填充物填充网格结构19的缝隙21，一方面，填充物可以将多个网格结构19连接在一起，另一方面，填充物填充缝隙21可以减少上箱盖16内部的空隙，保证上箱盖16的结构强度。
在一个实施方式中，网格结构19可以是由多个条状物23(如玻璃纤维)横纵交叉排布而形成，填充物可以包括环氧树脂和胶类材料的混合物。可以理解，在其他实施方式中，网格结构19也可以由其他条状物23(如碳纳米管)所形成，填充物也不限于环氧树脂和胶类材料的混合物，只要是适用于填充网格结构19的缝隙21的材料均可。
在某些实施方式中，请参图3至图7，上箱盖16包括侧板24，侧板24的底部设有密封边26，密封边26与液冷板18密封连接。密封边26与侧板24连接形成有连接部28，连接部28配置为在容纳腔20内的气压超过气压阈值时，破裂形成缝隙通道，容纳腔20通过缝隙通道连通箱体12的外界。
如此，可以提高电池包100在电池单体14发生热失控时的安全性。
具体地，当电池包100内部的电池单体14发生热失控时，电池单体14的防爆阀会爆开，电池单体14的高压气体会释放到容纳腔20内，箱体12内气压因而积聚增高，当容纳腔20内的气压超过气压阈值时，连接部28会破裂形成缝隙通道，从失效电池单体14的防爆阀喷出的高温电解液会流到液冷板18上，然后从缝隙通道流出到电池包100外，避免因电解液在电池包100内积聚，因打火点燃电解液，造成电池包100内电解液被点燃，从而提高电池包100在电池单体14发生热失控时的安全性。
气压阈值可以根据设计需求来具体设定，根据气压阈值对连接部28进行设计，以使得当容纳腔20内的气压超过气压阈值时，连接部28会破裂形成缝隙通道。
在某些实施方式中，请参图7，连接部28为圆角结构。
如此，可以保证连接部28在电池单体14发生热失控时易于破裂。
具体地，连接部28的内壁为容纳腔20的侧壁，连接部28为圆角结构，连接部28的内壁为圆弧状内壁，圆弧状内壁沿其表面均受到容纳腔20内的气压作用，压力方向朝向圆角结构的圆心，容易在连接部28内部形成应力集中，使连接部28在电池单体14发生热失控时易于破裂。
在一个例子中，圆角结构可以是R2或R5的圆角结构。
在某些实施方式中，请参图7，上箱盖16包括侧板24，侧板24的底部设有密封边26。液冷板18形成有环形的密封槽30，密封槽30内容置有密封圈32，密封边26与液冷板18连接并压缩密封圈32，密封圈32密封连接密封边26与液冷板18。
如此，可以保证上箱盖16和液冷板18的连接密封性。
具体地，沿上箱盖16的周向，密封边26垂直于侧板24向外延伸，液冷板18的上 表面形成有环形的密封槽30，在电池包100的高度方向上，密封边26覆盖密封槽30并压紧密封圈32，以使密封圈32密封连接密封边26和液冷板18，密封槽30也可对密封圈32进行限位，防止密封圈32发生移位而影响密封效果。在图1至图3中，电池包100的高度方向可以是上下方向。
在一个例子中，密封圈32可以是橡胶圈。
进一地，请参图2、图7和图8，沿上箱盖16的周向，密封边26形成有多个第一固定孔34，液冷板18形成有多个第二固定孔36，第一固定孔34与第二固定孔36一一对应连通。电池包100还包括多个紧固件(如螺栓)，每个紧固件穿设一个第一固定孔34和一个第二固定孔36并固定连接上箱盖16和液冷板18。密封圈32被压缩，实现对电池包100的密封。
在某些实施方式中，请参图7，电池包100满足以下关系：
c＝k×b，其中，k为密封圈32的可压缩范围，k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，c为密封槽30的深度，b为密封圈32的宽度。
如此，可以保证密封圈32的密封效果。
具体地，若密封圈32的宽度太大了，虽然能起到密封效果，但是密封圈32在被过多的挤压以及长久挤压时间下，密封圈32会产生蠕变，也就是密封圈32的密封弹性性能越来越差，所以在设计密封的时候需要综合考虑密封槽30的深度以及密封圈32的宽度。
若k小于0.2，密封槽30的深度较小，导致密封圈32的宽度远超过密封槽30的深度，那么密封圈32在被挤压状态下，会有部分密封圈32超出密封槽30，那么密封圈32虽然短时间会起到很好的密封效果，但是密封圈32会产生蠕变变形，不利于长期使用。
若k大于0.4，那么密封圈32在被挤压状态下，密封槽30的深度就会超过密封圈32最佳密封性能值时的宽度，密封效果就会变差，因此，k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]是最优的选择，密封圈32不易被压坏，也能保证可靠的密封性。
k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，也即是，0.2≤k≤0.4。在一个例子中，k可以是0.2、0.25、0.3、0.35、0.4或0.2至0.4之间的其他数值。
在某些实施方式中，请参图7，电池包100满足以下关系：
a＝k×d+b，其中，k为密封圈32的可压缩范围，k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，a为密封槽30的宽度，b为密封圈32的宽度，d为密封圈32的高度。
如此，可以保证密封圈32的密封效果。
具体地，若k小于0.2，密封槽30的宽度较小，密封圈32被压缩后向水平方向扩 展的部位较多，该水平扩展的部位容易被褶皱挤压，导致破损失效。
若k大于0.4，密封槽30的宽度较大，密封圈32在被挤压状态下，密封槽30的宽度就会超过密封圈32最佳密封性能值时的宽度，密封效果就会变差。
因此k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]是最优的选择，密封圈32不易被压坏，也能保证可靠的密封性。
k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，也即是，0.2≤k≤0.4。在一个例子中，k可以是0.2、0.25、0.3、0.35、0.4或0.2至0.4之间的其他数值。
在某些实施方式中，请参图9至图12，液冷板18包括从上至下依次层叠设置的密封板38、流道板40和防护板42，密封板38密封连接上箱盖16的底部，流道板40包括相背的第一面39和第二面41，第一面39设有第一凹槽44，密封板38盖设第一凹槽44以形成第一流道46，第二面41设有第二凹槽45，防护板42盖设第二凹槽45以形成第二流道47，密封板38上设有第一接头48和第二接头50，第一接头48和第二接头50分别连接第一流道46的两端和分别连接第二流道47的两端。
如此，可以形成对电池单体14的液冷结构。
具体地，在一个实施方式中，密封板38、流道板40和防护板42可以通过焊接连接(如钎焊连接)，保证了三者的连接强度及第一流道46和第二流道47的密封性。可以理解，在其他实施方式中，密封板38、流道板40和防护板42还可以采用其他方式连接，而不限于焊接连接。本申请对密封板38、流道板40和防护板42的材质不作具体限定。在一个实施方式中，密封板38、流道板40和防护板42可以采用铝合金冲压形成，再连接在一起。当电池包100尺寸过大而需要较高的承载强度时，液冷板18可选择强度较高的型材拼焊液冷板18。密封槽30设在密封板38的上表面。
防护板42可以在电池包100外部对流道板40进行保护，防止流道板40被碰撞损坏而漏液。
在图12中，第一凹槽44的开口朝上，密封板38盖设第一凹槽44并密封第一凹槽44的开口，使密封板38与流道板40合围第一凹槽44形成第一流道46。第一流道46可以一个呈迂回形状的流道，第一流道46也可以包括平行设置的多个子流道，在此不作具体限定。
在图12中，第二凹槽45的开口朝下，防护板42盖设第二凹槽45并密封第二凹槽45的开口，使防护板42与流道板40合围第二凹槽45形成第二流道47。第二流道47可以一个呈迂回形状的流道，第二流道47也可以包括平行设置的多个子流道，在此不作具体限定。
第一接头48和第二接头50分别连通第一流道46的两端，第一接头48和第二接头 50分别连通第二流道47的两端，可选地，第一接头48可以作为进液接头，第二接头50可以作为出液接头。液冷机组51可以通过管道连接第一接头48和第二接头50。对电池包100散热时，液冷机组51可以将低温流体从第一接头48输入第一流道46和第二流道47，低温流体通过密封板38与电池单体14发生热交换，对电池单体14进行散热，吸热后的流体温度升高，并从第二接头50流出第一流道46和第二流道47并进入液冷机组51，液冷机组51对流体进行冷却形成低温流体，低温流体再次经第一接头48输入第一流道46和第二流道47，如此循环。
在一个实施方式中，第一面39设有第一凹槽44，密封板38盖设第一凹槽44以形成第一流道46，第一接头48和第二接头50分别连接第一流道46的两端。
在一个实施方式中，第二面41设有第二凹槽45，防护板42盖设第二凹槽45以形成第二流道47，密封板38上设有第一接头48和第二接头50，第一接头48和第二接头50分别连接第二流道47的两端。
在某些实施方式中，液冷板18与电池单体14的底面之间通过导热胶(图未示)导热地连接。
如此，可以提升电池单体14的散热效率。
具体地，导热胶可以与液冷板18与电池单体14的底面贴合，减少液冷板18与电池单体14之间的间隙，进而可增加传热路径，提升电池单体14的散热效率。在一个例子中，导热胶可以是硅胶。
在某些实施方式中，请参图8，液冷板18的上表面形成有收容槽52，导热胶容纳在收容槽52中。
如此，可以防止导热胶溢出。
具体地，为保证导热胶的导热效果，导热胶通常要求能够覆盖所有电池单体14的底面，因此，液冷板18上通常设置较多的导热胶。由于导热胶具有一定的流动性，因此，利用液冷板18上的收容槽52容纳导热胶，一方面，可以使得液冷板18上的导热胶的量可以设置得较多，保证散热效率，另一方面，导热胶也不易从液冷板18上溢出，保证了电池包100的整洁。
在图1中，上箱盖16的前侧设有高压连接器54，高压连接器54可以连接由多个电池单体14电连接所形成的电池组的电极，电池单体14可以通过高压连接器54向外界供电和通过高压连接器54充电。高压连接器54通过安装板56固定在上箱盖16前侧。
综上，本申请实施方式的电池包100至少具有以下效果：
1、可以将传统箱体的侧边梁取消，用液冷板18对电池单体14进行承载，将上箱盖16做深，上箱盖16与液冷板18直接密封连接，箱体12成本及重量大幅下降，降低 了电池包100的重量，提高了电池包100的能量密度，同时也降低了整体成本；
2、与电池单体14四周接触的位置没有金属部件，绝缘件的上箱盖16，避免了电池包100在电池单体14发生热失控时，高压回路与金属箱体发生高压打火，造成箱体熔穿，氧气进入之后使得电池包100内热失控加剧；同时，也避免了因为高压打火造成电池包100内的其他电池单体14发生短路以至于诱发热扩散，进而造成整个系统发生起火爆炸；
3、上箱盖16为绝缘件，且无箱体边梁，液冷板18上没有容纳腔20设计，同时在密封边26与上箱盖16侧壁的连接处配置为在容纳腔20内的气压超过气压阈值时，破裂形成缝隙通道，容纳腔20通过缝隙通道连通箱体12的外界。当电池包100内部发生热失控时，电池包100内气压积聚增高，连接处会裂开，形成缝隙通道，从失效电池单体14的防爆阀喷出的高温电解液会流到液冷板18上，然后从缝隙通道流出到电池包100外，避免因电解液在电池包100内积聚，因打火点燃电解液，造成电池包100内电解液被点燃。
请参图15和图16，本申请实施方式的一种储能设备200包括上述任一实施方式的电池包100。
上述储能设备200中，电池单体14容纳在上箱盖16的容纳腔20内，并由液冷板18承载，上箱盖16为绝缘件，避免电池单体14在热失控时发生高压击穿及高压打火，也可以降低箱体12成本及重量，降低了电池包100的重量，提高了电池包100的能量密度，同时也降低了整体成本。
具体地，储能设备200还可包括支架57，一个或多个电池包100可以安装在支架57上。多个电池包100可以形成多个电池包层布置在支架57上。多个电池包100可以以串联、并联或串并联的方式进行电连接接。
储能设备200可以包括但不限于储能集装箱、家用储能柜等储能设备。
储能设备200还包括液冷机组51，液冷机组51通过管道连接电池包100的第一接头48和第二接头50。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含在本申请的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申 请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    箱体，所述箱体包括上箱盖和液冷板，所述上箱盖内设有容纳腔，所述上箱盖的底部设有连通所述容纳腔的开口，所述液冷板密封连接所述上箱盖的底部并关闭所述开口，所述上箱盖为绝缘件；
    电池单体，所述电池单体位于所述容纳腔内且由所述液冷板承载，所述电池单体与所述液冷板导热地连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述绝缘件的材料选自聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯和玻纤的复合材料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料和玻纤的复合材料、聚苯醚和玻纤的复合材料、环氧树脂和玻纤的复合材料中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述上箱盖包括多个网格结构和填充物，所述多个网格结构层叠设置，所述填充物填充所述网格结构的缝隙并连接所述多个网格结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述上箱盖包括侧板，所述侧板的底部设有密封边，所述密封边与所述液冷板密封连接；
    所述密封边与所述侧板连接形成有连接部，所述连接部配置为在所述容纳腔内的气压超过气压阈值时，破裂形成缝隙通道，所述容纳腔通过所述缝隙通道连通所述箱体的外界。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述连接部为圆角结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述上箱盖包括侧板，所述侧板的底部设有密封边；
    所述液冷板形成有环形的密封槽，所述密封槽内容置有密封圈，所述密封边与所述液冷板连接，所述密封圈密封连接所述密封边与所述液冷板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包满足以下关系：
    c＝k×b，其中，k为所述密封圈的可压缩范围，k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，c为所述密封槽的深度，b为所述密封圈的宽度。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包满足以下关系：
    a＝k×d+b，其中，k为所述密封圈的可压缩范围，k的取值范围为[0.2,0.4]，a为所述密封槽的宽度，b为所述密封圈的宽度，d为所述密封圈的高度。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述液冷板包括从上至下依次 层叠设置的密封板、流道板和防护板，所述密封板密封连接所述上箱盖的底部，所述流道板包括相背的第一面和第二面，所述第一面设有第一凹槽，所述密封板盖设所述第一凹槽以形成第一流道，和/或；所述第二面设有第二凹槽，所述防护板盖设所述第二凹槽以形成第二流道；
    所述密封板上设有第一接头和第二接头，所述第一接头和所述第二接头分别连接所述第一流道的两端和/或分别连接所述第二流道的两端。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述液冷板与所述电池单体的底面之间通过导热胶导热地连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述液冷板的上表面形成有收容槽，所述导热胶容纳在所述收容槽中。
  12. 一种储能设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池包。
PCT/CN2024/073563 2023-06-20 2024-01-23 电池包和储能设备 Ceased WO2024259974A1 (zh)

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