WO2024259946A1 - 转子以及电机 - Google Patents

转子以及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024259946A1
WO2024259946A1 PCT/CN2023/143021 CN2023143021W WO2024259946A1 WO 2024259946 A1 WO2024259946 A1 WO 2024259946A1 CN 2023143021 W CN2023143021 W CN 2023143021W WO 2024259946 A1 WO2024259946 A1 WO 2024259946A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
magnet
rotor
groove portion
magnet portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/143021
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨恒宇
杨文德
刘娜
黄嘉辉
闫可歆
陈应翔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai, Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co Ltd filed Critical Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Publication of WO2024259946A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024259946A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a rotor and a motor.
  • the thickness of the air gap between the stator and rotor of the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor can be controlled within a very small range, and its power density can be higher than that of the motor with a surface-mounted rotor.
  • the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor In order to reduce the magnetic leakage rate and increase the torque density, the embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor generally reduces the width of the magnetic isolation bridge of the permanent magnet slot as much as possible, which means that the permanent magnet must be installed near the periphery of the rotor core, but this arrangement limits the proportion of permanent magnets in the rotor core. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of the rotor space has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present application provides a rotor and a motor to solve the problem of low utilization rate of the rotor.
  • the present application provides a rotor.
  • the present application provides a motor comprising the above-mentioned rotor.
  • the rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets
  • the rotor core has a plurality of mounting slots arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, each of the mounting slots includes a first slot portion and a second slot portion connected to each other.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the plurality of mounting slots one by one, each of the plurality of permanent magnets includes a first magnet portion and a second magnet portion, the first magnet portion fits in the first slot portion, the second magnet portion fits in the second slot portion, the second magnet portion is connected to the side of the first magnet portion facing the outer contour of the rotor core, and the width of the first magnet portion is greater than the width of the second magnet portion.
  • the permanent magnet accounts for a high proportion in the rotor core, which can improve the torque of the motor, and the second magnet part is closer to the stator of the motor, which can improve the utilization rate of the second magnet part, and can ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor core and optimize the motor performance.
  • the height of the first magnet portion is H1
  • the height of the permanent magnet is H2
  • H1 and H2 satisfy: 0.5 ⁇ H1/H2 ⁇ 0.99.
  • the width of the permanent magnet is B1
  • the width of the second magnet portion is B2
  • B1 and B2 satisfy: 0.3 ⁇ B2/B1 ⁇ 0.7.
  • 0.56 ⁇ B2/B1 ⁇ 0.66 0.56 ⁇ B2/B1 ⁇ 0.66.
  • the first groove portion includes a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to each other in a width direction, and the first side wall and the second side wall are away from each other in a direction perpendicular to a direction from the first groove portion to the second groove portion.
  • the plurality of mounting grooves include adjacent first mounting grooves and second mounting grooves, the second side wall of the first mounting groove is adjacent to the first side wall of the second mounting groove, and the second side wall of the first groove portion is parallel to the first side wall of the second groove portion.
  • the mounting groove further includes a third groove portion connected to the first groove portion, and a portion of a side wall of the first groove portion away from the second groove portion protrudes toward the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core to form the third groove portion.
  • At least one side wall of the mounting groove away from the central axis of the rotor core is spaced apart from the permanent magnet by a distance H3, and H3 satisfies: 0.05 mm ⁇ H3 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the second magnet portion includes: a third side wall, a fourth side wall, and a fifth side wall.
  • the third side wall and the fourth side wall are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, the fifth side wall is connected between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, and the cross section of the fifth side wall is a straight line or an arc.
  • a cross section of the fifth side wall is arc-shaped, and a middle portion of the fifth side wall protrudes in a direction away from the first magnet portion to form the arc-shaped side wall.
  • the cross-section of the fifth side wall is arc-shaped, and the center of the circle where the arc is located is eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the rotor core.
  • the cross-sections of the third side wall and the fourth side wall are both arc-shaped; or the cross-sections of the third side wall and the fourth side wall are straight lines, and the third side wall and the fourth side wall are away from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the second magnet portion to the first magnet portion.
  • the second groove portion is connected to the middle portion of the first groove portion in the width direction.
  • FIG1 is a top view of a rotor provided by one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a top view of a partial structure of a rotor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a top view of a permanent magnet and a mounting slot provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a top view of a permanent magnet and a mounting slot provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a top view of a permanent magnet and a mounting slot provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a top view of a permanent magnet and a mounting slot provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a torque-B2/B1 curve diagram in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG8 is a torque ripple-B2/B1 curve diagram in an embodiment of the present application.
  • spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of an element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as “inside”, “outside”, “width”, “height”, “length”, “down”, “up”, etc.
  • Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or a posture change or a motion state change, then these directional indications also change accordingly, for example: an element described as “below other elements or features” or “below other elements or features” will subsequently be oriented as “above other elements or features” or “above other elements or features”. Therefore, the example term “below" may include both the up and down orientations.
  • the device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.
  • the present application provides a rotor 100 that can improve the torque of the motor, has a high utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20, and has good mechanical strength of the rotor core 10.
  • the rotor 100 of the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 .
  • the rotor 100 includes a rotor core 10 and a plurality of Permanent magnet 20.
  • the following description will be made by taking the application of the rotor 100 to a motor as an example, but this does not represent a limitation thereto.
  • the rotor core 10 has a plurality of mounting grooves 11 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of mounting grooves 11 can be arranged uniformly and at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 10.
  • Each mounting groove 11 includes a first groove portion 111 and a second groove portion 112 connected to each other.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets 20 are arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves 11 one by one, and the mounting grooves 11 can limit the position of the permanent magnets 20.
  • Each permanent magnet 20 includes a first magnet portion 21 and a second magnet portion 22.
  • the second magnet portion 22 is connected to the side of the first magnet portion 21 facing the outer contour of the rotor core 10, that is, the second magnet portion 22 is connected to the side of the first magnet portion 21 away from the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core 10.
  • the proportion of the permanent magnet 20 in the rotor core 10 can be increased, thereby increasing the torque of the motor.
  • the second magnet portion 22 is connected to the side of the first magnet portion 21 facing the outer contour of the rotor core 10.
  • the second magnet portion 22 of the embodiment of the present application can be closer to the stator of the motor, so that the magnetic field of the stator and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 20 interact with each other to increase the torque of the motor, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20 is high.
  • the width of the first magnet portion 21 is greater than the width of the second magnet portion 22.
  • This arrangement can prevent the cross-sectional area of the mounting groove 20 at the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 10 from being too large and affecting the structural strength of the rotor core 10. Therefore, by making the width of the first magnet portion 21 greater than the width of the second magnet portion 22, it is beneficial to ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor core 10 and the structural reliability of the rotor core 10.
  • the first magnet portion 21 fits in the first groove portion 111, and the second magnet portion 22 fits in the second groove portion 112.
  • the inner side wall of the first groove portion 111 and the inner side wall of the second groove portion 112 can be respectively adapted to at least a portion of the outer side surface of the first magnet portion 21 and the outer side surface of the second magnet portion 22, so as to further improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20.
  • the permanent magnet 20 accounts for a high proportion in the rotor core 10, which can improve the torque of the motor, and the second magnet part 22 is closer to the stator of the motor, which can improve the utilization rate of the second magnet part 22 and ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor core 10, thereby optimizing the motor performance.
  • the height of the first magnet portion 21 is H1, and the height of the permanent magnet 20 is H2, and H1 and H2 satisfy 0.5 ⁇ H1/H2 ⁇ 0.99.
  • the second magnet portion 22 can be closer to the stator of the motor to improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20.
  • the second magnet portion 22 is far away from the outer contour of the rotor core 10, which can be more conducive to ensuring the high mechanical strength of the rotor core 10.
  • the height range of the permanent magnet 20 is reasonable, which can take into account both the proportion of the second magnet portion 22 in the rotor core 10 and the high mechanical strength of the rotor core 10.
  • the width of the permanent magnet 20 is B1
  • the width of the second magnet portion 22 is B2
  • B1 and B2 satisfy: 0.3 ⁇ B2/B1 ⁇ 0.7, so as to further take into account the proportion of the second magnet portion 22 in the rotor core 10 and the high mechanical strength of the rotor core 10.
  • the first slot portion 111 includes a first side wall 111a and a second side wall 111b that are opposite to each other in the width direction, and the first side wall 111a and the second side wall 111b are away from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the first slot portion 111 to the second slot portion 112.
  • the spacing distance between the first side wall 111a and the second side wall 111b and the first magnet portion 21 can be made larger to form an escape space, which can facilitate installation and prevent damage caused by scratches during installation; on the other hand, it can help improve the sinusoidality of the air gap flux density, reduce magnetic leakage, and improve the performance of the motor.
  • the multiple mounting grooves 11 include adjacent first mounting grooves 113 and second mounting grooves 114, the second side wall 111b of the first mounting groove 113 is adjacent to the first side wall 111a of the second mounting groove 114, and the second side wall 111b of the first mounting groove 113 is parallel to the first side wall 111a of the second mounting groove 114, so as to further reduce magnetic leakage and further improve the performance of the motor.
  • the mounting slot 11 further includes a third slot portion 115 connected to the first slot portion 111, and a portion of the side wall of the first slot portion 111 away from the second slot portion 112 protrudes toward the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core 10 to form the third slot portion 115.
  • the middle portion of the side wall of the first slot portion 111 away from the second slot portion 112 protrudes toward the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core 10.
  • the third slot portion 115 By providing the third slot portion 115, it is convenient to space the side of the mounting slot 11 facing the center of the rotor core 10 from the permanent magnet 20, and the other portion of the side wall of the first slot portion 111 away from the second slot portion 112 can be arranged in close contact with the permanent magnet 20 or spaced a small distance apart, so as to reduce the occupied space of the mounting slot 11 while increasing the proportion of the permanent magnet 20.
  • At least one side wall of the mounting slot 11 away from the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core 10 is spaced apart from the permanent magnet 20 by a distance H3, where H3 satisfies: 0.05 mm ⁇ H3 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the spacing distance set in this way is reasonably set, which can facilitate the installation of the permanent magnet 20, and can facilitate the bonding connection between the permanent magnet 20 and the inner wall of the mounting slot 11, and can ensure the thickness of the bonding layer to improve the bonding reliability between the permanent magnet 20 and the mounting slot 11, and can reduce magnetic leakage.
  • the second magnet portion 22 includes a third side wall 221, a fourth side wall 222 and a fifth side wall 223, the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222 are arranged relatively in the width direction, the fifth side wall 223 is connected between the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222, and the cross section of the fifth side wall 223 is a straight line or an arc.
  • Both of the above two arrangements can increase the proportion of the permanent magnet 20 in the rotor core 10, increase the motor torque and reduce the torque pulsation.
  • the cross section of the fifth side wall 223 is an arc
  • the middle part of the fifth side wall 223 protrudes in the direction away from the first magnet portion 21 to form the above arc.
  • the cross section of the fifth side wall 223 can also be other shapes such as a wave shape, which is not limited here.
  • the cross section of the fifth side wall 223 is arc-shaped and the center of the circle in which the arc is located is eccentrically set relative to the center of the rotor core 10 .
  • the cross-sections of the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222 are both arc-shaped.
  • the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222 are both arc segments of a quarter circle.
  • the cross-sections of the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222 are linear, and the third side wall 221 and the fourth side wall 222 are away from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the second magnet part 22 to the first magnet part 21 , thereby, while the second magnet part 22 can reduce the distance between the stator and the permanent magnet 20, the cross-sectional area of the mounting groove 20 at the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 10 can be further reduced, thereby, while the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20 can be improved, the structural strength of the rotor core 10 can be further improved.
  • the width B2 of the second magnet portion 22 refers to the width of the second magnet portion 22 on the side away from the axis of the rotating shaft of the rotor core 10 , rather than the maximum width of the second magnet portion 22 .
  • the second slot 112 is connected to the middle of the first slot 111 in the width direction. Therefore, compared with the heights of both sides in the width direction, the height of the middle of the permanent magnet 20 is greater, which can further improve the sinusoidality of the air gap flux density, improve the running stability of the motor, and optimize the motor performance.
  • the outer contour of the rotor core 10 may be cylindrical, and the mounting groove 11 is along the rotation axis of the rotor core 10.
  • the axial direction penetrates the rotor core 10 and is spaced apart from each other along the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 10.
  • Ten mounting grooves 11 can be spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 10, but are not limited thereto.
  • the rotor core 10 can be formed by stacking and filling the electropermanent magnet 20 plates, and most of the structure of the rotor 100 is the main magnetic circuit.
  • the rotor 100 can include an even number of permanent magnets 20, for example, 10 permanent magnets 20.
  • the permanent magnets 20 are fixed in the mounting grooves 11 by an adhesive, and then magnetized by magnetization.
  • the outer diameter R of the rotor core 10 is 51.4 mm
  • the height H1 of the first magnet part 21 is 1.9 mm
  • the width B1 of the permanent magnet 20 is 12.8 mm
  • the height H2 of the permanent magnet 20 is 2.9 mm
  • the width B2 of the second magnet part 22 can be specifically set according to actual conditions to ensure that the torque of the motor can be improved while reducing the torque pulsation.
  • the spacing distance H3 between the permanent magnet 20 and the second groove part 112 is 0.1 mm
  • the axial length l of the rotor core 10 is 37.45 mm.
  • Cogging torque is the main cause of torque pulsation.
  • the following formula is the calculation formula for the cogging torque of the motor:
  • Fn represents the magnetomotive force generated by the permanent magnet 20
  • Br is the residual magnetic density
  • ⁇ p is the pole arc coefficient
  • the distribution of the permanent magnetic field can be adjusted, the magnetic flux density in the air gap can be improved, the waveform can be made more ideal, and the torque and torque ripple of the motor can be optimized.
  • the values of the other parameters of the motor remain unchanged, and the width B2 of the second magnet part 22 is changed.
  • the ratio of B2/B1 changes.
  • the torque is simulated and calculated for different B2/B1 ratios, and the torque-B2/B1 curve results are shown in FIG7 .
  • the ratio of B2 to B1 is controlled at 0.3 ⁇ B2/B1 ⁇ 0.7 to take into account the proportion of the second magnet part 22 in the rotor core 10 and the mechanical strength of the rotor core 10.
  • the width B2 of the second magnet part 22 satisfies: 3.84mm ⁇ B2 ⁇ 8.96mm.
  • the torque-B2/B1 curve of FIG7 it can be seen that as the value of B2/B1 continues to increase, the torque curve of the motor shows a trend of continuous increase.
  • the proportion of the permanent magnet 20 in the rotor core 10 can be increased to improve the torque of the motor.
  • the second magnet part 22 can be closer to the position of the stator of the motor, so that the magnetic field of the stator and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 20 interact with each other to improve the torque of the motor and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet 20, and the mechanical strength of the rotor core 10 can be guaranteed, and the structure of the rotor core 10 can be guaranteed to be reliable.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section.
  • the text clearly points out that otherwise terms such as “first”, “second” and other numerical terms do not imply a sequence or order when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

一种转子(100)以及电机，所述转子包括：转子铁芯(10)和多个永磁体(20)，所述转子铁芯(10)具有沿周向方向间隔排布的多个安装槽(11)，每个所述安装槽(11)包括彼此连通的第一槽部(111)和第二槽部(112)，所述多个永磁体(20)一一对应地设在所述多个安装槽(11)内，每个永磁体(20)包括第一磁体部(21)和第二磁体部(22)，所述第一磁体部(21)配合在所述第一槽部(111)内，所述第二磁体(22)部配合在所述第二槽部(112)内，所述第二磁体部(22)连接在所述第一磁体部(21)的朝向所述转子铁芯(10)的外轮廓的一侧，所述第一磁体部(21)的宽度大于所述第二磁体部(22)的宽度。

Description

转子以及电机
相关申请
本申请要求2023年6月21日申请的，申请号为202310746470.1，名称为“转子以及电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种转子以及电机。
背景技术
相关技术中，例如内嵌式永磁同步电动机的电机的定转子之间的气隙厚度可以控制在很小的范围，相比表贴式转子的电机，其功率密度可以达到更高。内嵌永磁同步电机为减小漏磁率和提高转矩密度，一般会尽可能减小永磁体槽的隔磁桥宽度，这就导致永磁体必须安装在靠近转子铁芯的外周的位置，但这样的布置方式限制了永磁体在转子铁芯中的占比。因此，如何提高转子的空间的利用率等问题成了亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种转子以及电机，以解决转子的利用率低的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种转子。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电机，包括上述转子。
根据本申请实施例的转子，转子包括转子铁芯和多个永磁体，所述转子铁芯具有沿周向方向间隔排布的多个安装槽，每个所述安装槽包括彼此连通的第一槽部和第二槽部。多个所述永磁体一一对应地设在所述多个安装槽内，每个所述多个永磁体包括第一磁体部和第二磁体部，所述第一磁体部配合在所述第一槽部内，所述第二磁体部配合在所述第二槽部内，所述第二磁体部连接在所述第一磁体部的朝向所述转子铁芯的外轮廓的一侧，所述第一磁体部的宽度大于所述第二磁体部的宽度。
本申请实施例提供的上述技术方案与现有技术相比具有如下优点：根据本申请实施例的转子，永磁体在转子铁芯中的占比高，可以提高电机的扭矩，且第二磁体部更靠近电机的定子，可以提高第二磁体部的利用率，并且可以保证转子铁芯的机械强度，优化电机性能。
在一些实施例中，所述第一磁体部的高度为H1,所述永磁体的高度为H2，所述H1、H2满足：0.5≤H1/H2≤0.99。
在一些实施例中，所述永磁体的宽度为B1，所述第二磁体部的宽度为B2，所述B1、B2满足：0.3≤B2/B1≤0.7。
在一些实施例中，0.56≤B2/B1≤0.66。
在一些实施例中，所述第一槽部包括在宽度方向上彼此相对的第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁在垂直于从所述第一槽部到所述第二槽部方向的方向上彼此远离。
在一些实施例中，多个所述安装槽包括相邻的第一安装槽和第二安装槽，所述第一安装槽的第二侧壁邻近所述第二安装槽的第一侧壁，所述第一槽部的第二侧壁与所述第二槽部的第一侧壁相互平行。
在一些实施例中，所述安装槽还包括与所述第一槽部连通的第三槽部，所述第一槽部的远离所述第二槽部的一侧侧壁的一部分向所述转子铁芯的旋转轴轴线凸出以形成所述第三槽部。
在一些实施例中，所述安装槽的至少远离所述转子铁芯的中心轴线的一侧侧壁与所述永磁体间隔开且间隔距离为H3,所述H3满足：0.05mm≤H3≤0.3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述第二磁体部包括：第三侧壁、第四侧壁，和第五侧壁。所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁沿宽度方向相对设置，所述第五侧壁连接在所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁之间，所述第五侧壁的横截面为直线形或弧形。
在一些实施例中，所述第五侧壁的横截面为所述弧形，所述第五侧壁的中部朝向远离所述第一磁体部的方向凸出以形成所述弧形侧壁。
在一些实施例中，所述第五侧壁的横截面为圆弧形且圆弧形所在圆的圆心相对于所述转子铁芯的中心偏心设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁的横截面均为弧形；或所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁的横截面为直线形，所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁在垂直于从所述第二磁体部到所述第一磁体部方向的方向上彼此远离。
在一些实施例中，所述第二槽部连接在所述第一槽部的宽度方向的中部。
在一些实施例中，H3＝0.1mm，或者H3＝0.2mm。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1为本申请一个实施例提供的一种转子的俯视图；
图2为本申请一个实施例提供的一种转子的部分结构的俯视图；
图3为本申请一个实施例提供的永磁体和安装槽的俯视图；
图4为本申请另一个实施例提供的永磁体和安装槽的俯视图；
图5为本申请又一个实施例提供的永磁体和安装槽的俯视图；
图6为本申请再一个实施例提供的永磁体和安装槽的俯视图；
图7示出了本申请实施例中转矩-B2/B1曲线图；
图8为本申请实施例中转矩脉动-B2/B1曲线图。
附图标记说明：
100、转子；
10、转子铁芯；11、安装槽；111、第一槽部；111a、第一侧壁；111b、第二侧壁；
112、第二槽部；113、第一安装槽；114、第二安装槽；115、第三槽部；
20、永磁体；21、第一磁体部；22、第二磁体部；221、第三侧壁；222、第四侧壁；
223、第五侧壁；
30、转轴。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施例或例子用来实现本申请的不同结构。为了简化本申请的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。此外，本申请可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或字母。这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施例和/或设置之间的关系。
为了便于描述，可以在文中使用空间相对关系术语来描述如图中示出的一个元件或者特征相对于另一元件或者特征的相对位置关系或运动情况，这些相对关系术语例如为“内”、“外”、“宽度”、“高度”、“长度”、“下”、“上”等。这种空间相对关系术语意于包括除图中描绘的方位之外的在使用或者操作中装置的不同方位。例如，如果在图中的装置发生了位置翻转或者姿态变化或者运动状态变化，那么这些方向性的指示也相应的随着变化，例如：描述为“在其它元件或者特征下面”或者“在其它元件或者特征下方”的元件将随后定向为“在其它元件或者特征上面”或者“在其它元件或者特征上方”。因此，示例术语“在……下方”可以包括在上和在下的方位。装置可以另外定向(旋转90度或者在其它方向)，并且文中使用的空间相对关系描述符相应地进行解释。
为了解决现有技术中的技术问题，本申请提供了一种转子100，可以提高电机的扭矩且永磁体20的利用率高，转子铁芯10的机械强度好。
下面参考图1-图8描述本申请实施例的转子100，转子100包括转子铁芯10和多个 永磁体20。下面以转子100应用于电机为例进行说明，但不代表对此的限制。
具体而言，如图1-图6所示，转子铁芯10具有沿周向方向间隔排布的多个安装槽11，多个安装槽11可以沿转子铁芯10的周向方向均匀且间隔排布，每个安装槽11包括彼此连通的第一槽部111和第二槽部112，多个永磁体20一一对应地设在多个安装槽11内，安装槽11可以对永磁体20进行限位。每个永磁体20包括第一磁体部21和第二磁体部22，第二磁体部22连接在第一磁体部21的朝向转子铁芯10的外轮廓的一侧，也即第二磁体部22连接在第一磁体部21的远离转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线的一侧。通过设置第二磁体部22，可以提高永磁体20在转子铁芯10中的占比，进而可以提高电机的转矩。同时，将第二磁体部22连接在第一磁体部21的朝向转子铁芯10的外轮廓的一侧，相较于现有技术中的“一字型”的永磁体或者第二磁体部连接在第一磁体部的背离转子铁芯的外轮廓的一侧的设置方式，本申请实施例的第二磁体部22可以更靠近电机的定子的位置，使定子的磁场和永磁体20的磁场相互作用，以提高电机的转矩，且永磁体20的利用率高。
另外，第一磁体部21的宽度大于第二磁体部22的宽度，如此设置，可以防止转子铁芯10的外周壁处的安装槽20的横截面积过大而影响转子铁芯10的结构强度。由此，通过使第一磁体部21的宽度大于第二磁体部22的宽度，可以利于保证转子铁芯10的机械强度，保证转子铁芯10结构可靠性。第一磁体部21配合在第一槽部111内，第二磁体部22配合在第二槽部112内。例如，第一槽部111的内侧壁、第二槽部112的内侧壁可以分别与第一磁体部21的外侧面、第二磁体部22的外侧面的至少一部分相适配，以便于进一步提高永磁体20的利用率。
根据本申请实施例的转子100，永磁体20在转子铁芯10中的占比高，可以提高电机的扭矩，且第二磁体部22更靠近电机的定子，可以提高第二磁体部22的利用率，并且可以保证转子铁芯10的机械强度，优化电机性能。
在一些实施例中，如图3-图6所示，第一磁体部21的高度为H1,永磁体20的高度为H2，H1、H2满足0.5≤H1/H2≤0.99。当H1/H2＝0.5时，第一磁体部21的高度与第二磁体部22的高度相同，此时第二磁体部22可以更靠近电机的定子，以更利于提高永磁体20的利用率。当H1/H2＝0.99时，第一磁体部21的高度H1远大于第二磁体部22的高度(H2-H1)，此时第二磁体部22距离转子铁芯10的外轮廓距离较远，可以更利于保证转子铁芯10的高机械强度。例如，H1/H2＝0.7，或者H1/H2＝0.8，如此设置的第一磁体部 21、永磁体20的高度范围合理，可以兼顾第二磁体部22在转子铁芯10中的占比以及转子铁芯10的高机械强度。
在一些实施例中，如图3-图6所示，永磁体20的宽度为B1，第二磁体部22的宽度为B2，B1、B2满足：0.3≤B2/B1≤0.7，以进一步兼顾第二磁体部22在转子铁芯10中的占比以及转子铁芯10的高机械强度。
进一步地，0.56≤B2/B1≤0.66，例如，B2/B1＝0.6，或者B2/B1＝0.62。经实验验证，如此设置的参数范围合理，可以增加电机的转矩的同时可以减小电机的转矩脉动，不仅有效地利用了转子铁芯10，可以保证永磁体20的高利用率的，并且解决了例如内置式电机的转矩脉动随永磁体20用量增加而增加的问题。
在一些示例中，如图2所示，第一槽部111包括在宽度方向上彼此相对的第一侧壁111a和第二侧壁111b，第一侧壁111a和第二侧壁111b在垂直于从第一槽部111到第二槽部112方向的方向上彼此远离。由此，可以使得第一侧壁111a和第二侧壁111b分别与第一磁体部21之间的间隔距离较大，以形成避让空间，这样，一方面可以便于安装，防止安装时发生剐蹭而造成损坏；另一方面，可以利于改善气隙磁密的正弦性，且可以减少漏磁，提高电机的性能。
进一步地，如图2所示，多个安装槽11包括相邻的第一安装槽113和第二安装槽114，第一安装槽113的第二侧壁111b邻近第二安装槽114的第一侧壁111a，第一安装槽113的第二侧壁111b与第二安装槽114的第一侧壁111a相互平行，以进一步减少漏磁，进一步提高电机的性能。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，安装槽11还包括与第一槽部111连通的第三槽部115，第一槽部111的远离第二槽部112的一侧侧壁的一部分向转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线凸出以形成第三槽部115。例如，第一槽部111的远离第二槽部112的一侧侧壁的中部向转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线凸出。通过设置第三槽部115，可以便于安装槽11的朝向转子铁芯10的中心的一侧与永磁体20间隔开，第一槽部111的远离第二槽部112的一侧侧壁的另一部分可以与永磁体20贴合设置或间隔较小距离，以利于降低安装槽11的占用空间的同时提高永磁体20的占比。
在一些实施例中，如图3-图6所示，安装槽11的至少远离转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线的一侧侧壁与永磁体20间隔开且间隔距离为H3,H3满足：0.05mm≤H3≤0.3mm。例如， H3＝0.1mm，或者H3＝0.2mm。也就是说，安装槽11的远离转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线的一侧侧壁与永磁体20间隔开，同时例如安装槽11的宽度方向的至少一侧侧壁也可以与永磁体20间隔开。如此设置的间隔距离设置合理，可以便于永磁体20的安装，且可以便于永磁体20与安装槽11的内壁的粘接连接，可以保证粘接层的厚度以利于提高永磁体20和安装槽11的粘接可靠性，同时可以减少漏磁。
在一些实施例中，如图3-图4所示，第二磁体部22包括第三侧壁221、第四侧壁222以及第五侧壁223，第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222沿宽度方向相对设置，第五侧壁223连接在第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222之间，第五侧壁223的横截面为直线形或弧形，上述两种设置方式均可以提高永磁体20在转子铁芯10中的占比，提高电机转矩降低转矩脉动。当第五侧壁223的横截面为弧形时，第五侧壁223的中部朝向远离第一磁体部21的方向凸出以形成上述弧形。当然，在另一些示例中，第五侧壁223的横截面还可以为波浪形等其它形状，在此不做限定。
在一些实施例中，参照图4，第五侧壁223的横截面为圆弧形且圆弧形所在圆的圆心相对于转子铁芯10的中心偏心设置，通过布尔运算，如此设置，可以改善气隙磁密的正弦性，提高电机的性能。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222的横截面均为弧形。例如，在图5的示例中，第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222均为四分之一圆的圆弧段。在另一些实施例中，如图6所示，第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222的横截面为直线形，第三侧壁221和第四侧壁222在垂直于从第二磁体部22到第一磁体部21方向的方向上彼此远离，由此，在第二磁体部22可以降低定子与永磁体20的距离的同时，可以进一步降低转子铁芯10的外周壁处的安装槽20的横截面积，从而在可以提高永磁体20的利用率的同时，可以进一步提高转子铁芯10的结构强度。上述两种设置方式均可以提高永磁体20在转子铁芯10中的占比，提高电机的转矩，降低转矩脉动。可以理解的是，在图5和图6的示例中，第二磁体部22的宽度B2指的是第二磁体部22的远离转子铁芯10的旋转轴轴线的一侧的宽度，而并非第二磁体部22的最大宽度。
如图3-图6所示，第二槽部112连接在第一槽部111的宽度方向的中部。由此，相较于宽度方向的两侧的高度，永磁体20的中部的高度更大，可以进一步改善气隙磁密的正弦性，提高电机运行稳定性，优化电机性能。
举例而言，转子铁芯10的外轮廓可以为圆柱形，安装槽11沿转子铁芯10的旋转轴 轴向方向贯通转子铁芯10且沿转子铁芯10的外周壁彼此间隔开。沿转子铁芯10的周向方向可以间隔设置十个安装槽11，但不限于此。转子铁芯10可以由电永磁体20板充制叠压而成，转子100的大部分结构为主磁路。转子100可以包括有偶数个永磁体20，例如10个永磁体20。永磁体20通过粘接剂固定在安装槽11内，然后再通过充磁的方式充磁。其中，在一些实施例中，转子铁芯10的外径R＝51.4mm，第一磁体部21的高度H1＝1.9mm，永磁体20的宽度B1＝12.8mm，永磁体20的高度H2＝2.9mm，第二磁体部22的宽度B2可根据实际情况进行具体设置，以保证可以提升电机的扭矩的同时降低转矩脉动，其中，永磁体20与第二槽部112的间隔距离H3＝0.1mm，转子铁芯10的轴向长度l＝37.45mm，当转子100满足上述参数时，可以降低转矩脉动，提高转矩，改善气隙磁密的正弦性，提高电机的功率密度，电机运行的稳定性高、性能好。
齿槽转矩是形成转矩脉动的主要原因，以下公式为电机的齿槽转矩的计算公式：

其中，Fn表示永磁体20产生的磁动势，Br为剩磁密度，αp为极弧系数。
因此，通过设置第二磁体部22可以调整永磁场的分布情况，改善气隙内的磁密，使其波形更加理想，进而优化电机的转矩和转矩脉动。
下面结合表1对本申请实施例中的永磁体20进行参数模拟。
表1

参照图7，其中，电机的其余参数数值不变，改变第二磁体部22的宽度B2,此时，B2/B1的比值发生改变，针对不同的B2/B1的比值进行转矩的模拟计算，转矩-B2/B1曲线结果如图7所示。将B2与B1的比值控制在0.3≤B2/B1≤0.7，以兼顾第二磁体部22在转子铁芯10中的占比以及转子铁芯10的机械强度，此时，第二磁体部22的宽度B2满足：3.84mm≤B2≤8.96mm。参照图7的转矩-B2/B1曲线可知，随着B2/B1的数值不断增加，电机的转矩曲线图呈现不断增加的趋势。
参照图8，保持电机其余参数数值不变，改变第二磁体部22的宽度B2,改变B2/B1的比值，对不同B2/B1的值进行转矩脉动的计算，计算结果如图8所示。从图8的转矩脉动 -B2/B1曲线可知，随着B2/B1的数值不断增大，电机的转矩脉动曲线图呈现先增加再减小后再增加的曲线。继续参照图8，由图8的转矩脉动-B2/B1曲线图中可以看出，当0.31≤B2/B1≤0.44时，转矩脉动随着B2/B1值的增大总体呈现增加的趋势；当0.44＜B2/B1≤0.63时，转矩脉动随着B2/B1值的增大总体呈现减小的趋势；当0.63＜B2/B1≤0.70时，转矩脉动随着B2/B1值的增大总体呈现增加的趋势；并且当B2/B1值＝0.63时，转矩脉动达到最小值1.00％。
由此可得出，当0.56≤B2/B1≤0.66时的参数范围合理，转矩脉动在低值范围，此时，第二磁体部22的宽度B2的取值范围为7.2mm≤B2≤8.5mm。通过数据分析，保持电机其余参数数值不变，通过改变第二磁体部22的宽度B2的大小，可以改变第二磁体部22与永磁体20的占比比例，以此得知当B2/B1的范围时合理时，可以增加电机的转矩的同时可以减小电机的转矩脉动，不仅有效地利用了转子铁芯10，并且解决了内置式电机转矩脉动随永磁体20用量增加而增加的问题。
根据本申请实施例的电机，包括本申请上述实施例的转子100，由此，可以提高永磁体20在转子铁芯10中的占比，以提高电机的转矩。同时，将第二磁体部22可以更靠近电机的定子的位置，使定子的磁场和永磁体20的磁场相互作用，以提高电机的转矩和永磁体20的利用率高，且可以保证转子铁芯10的机械强度，保证转子铁芯10结构可靠。
本申请的转子100的其他构成，例如转轴30，及其操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
应理解的是，文中使用的术语仅出于描述特定示例实施方式的目的，而无意于进行限制。除非上下文另外明确地指出，否则如文中使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“所述”也可以表示包括复数形式。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”以及“具有”是包含性的，并且因此指明所陈述的特征、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但并不排除存在或者添加一个或多个其它特征、步骤、操作、元件、部件、和/或它们的组合。文中描述的方法步骤、过程、以及操作不解释为必须要求它们以所描述或说明的特定顺序执行，除非明确指出执行顺序。还应当理解，可以使用另外或者替代的步骤。
尽管可以在文中使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述多个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段，但是，这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应被这些术语所限制。这些术语可以仅用来将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一区域、层或部段区分开。除非上下 文明确地指出，否则诸如“第一”、“第二”之类的术语以及其它数字术语在文中使用时并不暗示顺序或者次序。因此，以下讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部段在不脱离示例实施方式的教导的情况下可以被称作第二元件、部件、区域、层或部段。
以上所述仅是本申请的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所申请的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种转子，其特征在于，包括：
    转子铁芯，所述转子铁芯具有沿周向方向间隔排布的多个安装槽，每个所述安装槽包括彼此连通的第一槽部和第二槽部；
    多个永磁体，所述多个所述永磁体一一对应地设在所述多个安装槽内，每个所述多个永磁体包括第一磁体部和第二磁体部，所述第一磁体部配合在所述第一槽部内，所述第二磁体部配合在所述第二槽部内，所述第二磁体部连接在所述第一磁体部的朝向所述转子铁芯的外轮廓的一侧，所述第一磁体部的宽度大于所述第二磁体部的宽度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第一磁体部的高度为H1,所述永磁体的高度为H2，所述H1、H2满足：
    0.5≤H1/H2≤0.99。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述永磁体的宽度为B1，所述第二磁体部的宽度为B2，所述B1、B2满足：
    0.3≤B2/B1≤0.7。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的转子，其特征在于，0.56≤B2/B1≤0.66。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第一槽部包括在宽度方向上彼此相对的第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁在垂直于从所述第一槽部到所述第二槽部方向的方向上彼此远离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转子，其特征在于，多个所述安装槽包括相邻的第一安装槽和第二安装槽，所述第一安装槽的第二侧壁邻近所述第二安装槽的第一侧壁，所述第一槽部的第二侧壁与所述第二槽部的第一侧壁相互平行。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述安装槽还包括与所述第一槽部连通的第三槽部，所述第一槽部的远离所述第二槽部的一侧侧壁的一部分向所述转子铁芯的旋转轴轴线凸出以形成所述第三槽部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述安装槽的至少远离所述转子铁芯的 中心轴线的一侧侧壁与所述永磁体间隔开且间隔距离为H3,所述H3满足：0.05mm≤H3≤0.3mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第二磁体部包括：
    第三侧壁和第四侧壁，所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁沿宽度方向相对设置；
    第五侧壁，所述第五侧壁连接在所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁之间，所述第五侧壁的横截面为直线形或弧形。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第五侧壁的横截面为所述弧形，所述第五侧壁的中部朝向远离所述第一磁体部的方向凸出以形成所述弧形侧壁。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第五侧壁的横截面为圆弧形且圆弧形所在圆的圆心相对于所述转子铁芯的中心偏心设置。
  12. 根据权利要求9或10所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁的横截面均为弧形；或
    所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁的横截面为直线形，所述第三侧壁和所述第四侧壁在垂直于从所述第二磁体部到所述第一磁体部方向的方向上彼此远离。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的转子，其特征在于，所述第二槽部连接在所述第一槽部的宽度方向的中部。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的转子，其特征在于，H3＝0.1mm，或者H3＝0.2mm。
  15. 一种电机，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的转子。
PCT/CN2023/143021 2023-06-21 2023-12-29 转子以及电机 Ceased WO2024259946A1 (zh)

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