WO2024256033A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von wasserstoff und/oder sauerstoff - Google Patents
Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von wasserstoff und/oder sauerstoff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024256033A1 WO2024256033A1 PCT/EP2024/025165 EP2024025165W WO2024256033A1 WO 2024256033 A1 WO2024256033 A1 WO 2024256033A1 EP 2024025165 W EP2024025165 W EP 2024025165W WO 2024256033 A1 WO2024256033 A1 WO 2024256033A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- unit
- electrolysis
- cooling
- fed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/021—Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process and a plant for producing hydrogen and/or oxygen by electrolysis.
- a power supply unit adjusts the voltage level of an alternating current via an alternating current transformer.
- the alternating current is converted into a direct current using a rectifier, as an electrolysis cell stack requires this type of current.
- Part of the electrical power supplied to the power supply unit is converted into heat and must be continuously dissipated.
- the invention aims to create improvements here.
- the polymer electrolyte membrane Due to its solid structure, the polymer electrolyte membrane has a low gas transfer rate, which can lead to very high product gas purity. This can be particularly advantageous for storage safety and for direct use, for example in a fuel cell.
- the anode reaction in an electrolysis cell with a proton exchange membrane is commonly referred to as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
- OER oxygen evolution reaction
- the liquid reactant water is fed to the catalyst and oxidized to oxygen, protons and electrons.
- the cathode reaction is commonly referred to as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
- HER hydrogen evolution reaction
- the supplied electrons combine with the protons passed through the membrane, producing gaseous hydrogen.
- embodiments of the present invention are also suitable in principle for other electrolysis processes in which the problems described here can occur in the same way.
- These can, for example, include conventional water electrolysis in which an aqueous alkaline solution, typically potassium hydroxide, is used as the electrolyte (AEL, alkaline electrolysis).
- AEL alkaline electrolysis
- the electrolysis takes place with a unipolar or bipolar electrode arrangement at atmospheric pressure or, on an industrial scale, significantly higher.
- anode gas is taken from the anode side of an electrolysis device. This is typically saturated with water and consists predominantly of oxygen, but also contains a not inconsiderable proportion of hydrogen.
- a corresponding electrolysis device in which proton exchange membranes are used uses a large number of electrolysis cells, wherein the electrolysis cells can in particular be part of one or more electrolysis cell stacks (stacks) of a known type.
- electrolysis cell stacks stacks
- a large number of arrangements each comprising an anode, proton exchange membrane and cathode are provided in such an electrolysis cell stack, which are each separated from one another by separating devices and means for feeding in water or removing gas.
- the elements present there can also be present in plural. Feed or collecting lines can be provided which supply the electrolysis cell stack(s) as a whole.
- the gas mixture referred to here as anode gas is to be understood as the gas taken from the anode side of the cell stack(s) in its entirety or a portion thereof.
- the anode gas is taken from the anode side together with water, i.e. a two-phase flow is initially carried out from the anode side. After separation into gas and liquid phases in a separator, the anode gas is present as a gas phase.
- feed side refers to the positions or devices at which or by means of which water is supplied to an electrolysis cell stack or a module or another higher-level unit, i.e. an electrolysis unit as used here. as input, an anode gas as product (possibly with water) and a cathode gas as product are removed.
- anode gas as product possibly with water
- cathode gas as product is removed.
- product side is also used below in the case of removal of the anode gas or cathode gas.
- the anode gas removed from the anode side is, as mentioned, removed in a two-phase mixture with water during electrolysis with proton exchange membranes.
- the term “anode water” is also used below.
- a low-voltage rectifier In a low-voltage rectifier, the required heat dissipation is usually achieved by air cooling, e.g. using one or more fans.
- air cooling e.g. using one or more fans.
- water cooling would also be attractive in principle.
- standard cooling water cannot typically be used for rectifier cooling.
- One solution known from the state of the art is, for example, the provision of a cooling circuit that is operated with a water-glycol mixture as the cooling medium.
- Embodiments of the present invention are now based on the knowledge that the main water circuit in the electrolysis already contains highly pure water, or that highly pure water is supplied to the main water circuit in an inlet, and a water-cooled rectifier can therefore be integrated with particular advantage into the main water circuit of the electrolysis or its inlet.
- an electrolysis cell stack an electrolysis module with “an” electrolysis cell stack, “a” rectifier, “a” power supply unit, etc.
- corresponding elements, parts, components or process steps may also be referred to in the plural. may exist and may be implemented in the same, identical, essentially identical, comparable or different manner.
- a method for producing hydrogen and/or oxygen by electrolysis in which an electrolysis unit is fed with direct current which is provided using a rectifier from alternating current, the electrolysis unit being operated using a water circuit.
- the rectifier is cooled using cooling water which is provided using a partial flow of water conducted in the water circuit and/or supplied to the water circuit.
- the process proposed here firstly avoids the disadvantage of known air cooling, especially indoors, which consists in an extremely high HVAC requirement (heating, ventilation, air conditioning; English: heating, cooling, air conditioning, HVAC) in order to ensure the necessary cooling.
- HVAC heating, cooling, air conditioning
- the comparatively high investment and operating costs English: capital expenses, CAPEX or operating expenses, OPEX
- rectifiers with an independent (water-glycol) cooling circuit as well as the maintenance effort can also be reduced in the designs proposed here.
- water is removed from the electrolysis unit in a two-phase stream with an anode gas, with the two-phase stream being fed to a separator unit.
- Corresponding embodiments are particularly advantageously used in electrolysis with a proton exchange membrane.
- water can be taken from a corresponding separator unit and at least partially fed to a cooling unit.
- the cooling unit can in particular as a heat exchanger operated with cooling water, air cooler or other heat exchanger or cooler of a known type. Separate coolers for cooling the cooling water can advantageously be dispensed with in corresponding embodiments.
- the partial flow used to provide the cooling water is branched off in particular from a water flow taken from the cooling unit.
- the cooling water flow already has a suitable temperature.
- a residual flow of the water flow taken from the cooling unit that remains after the partial flow has been branched off, or a part thereof, can be used in embodiments to provide the water that is fed to the electrolysis unit. In this way, the water circuit is closed. As mentioned, no further components are preferably required to effect the cooling. In other words, a main water pump of the water circuit can also be used to convey the cooling water flow through the rectifier and a main heat exchanger can also be used to cool it.
- Additional water can be taken from the separator unit, at least one part of which, in particular an adjustable part, can be used to provide the water that is fed to the electrolysis unit, bypassing the cooling unit. In this way, it is possible to set a temperature of this water to a suitable value. By branching off the cooling water flow upstream of a bypass feed, it can advantageously be provided at a lower temperature.
- the cooling water or a portion thereof is typically fed to a cleaning unit after use. However, it can also be provided that a portion of it is returned to the separator unit after use to cool the rectifier.
- the water taken from the separator unit can have a temperature in a temperature range of 50 to 80 °C, in particular 55 to 75 °C or 55 to 60 °C, and/or
- the water stream taken from the cooling unit can have a temperature in a temperature range of less than 50 °C, in particular less than 45 °C or less than 43 °C, and/or the water fed to the electrolysis unit can have a temperature in a temperature range of 50 to 80 °C, in particular 50 to 75 °C.
- These temperatures can be adapted in a suitable manner.
- the water circuit can comprise a cleaning circuit, wherein the partial flow used to provide the cooling water is a partial flow of the water conducted in the cleaning circuit. If this is not the case, the cooling water flow reduces the water conducted in a corresponding cleaning circuit and the heat requirement.
- the proposed plant for producing hydrogen and/or oxygen is equipped with an electrolysis unit and a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is designed to supply the electrolysis unit with direct current and to provide the direct current from alternating current, wherein the plant is designed to supply the electrolysis unit with water using a water circuit.
- the proposed plant is designed to cool the rectifier using cooling water and to provide the cooling water using a partial flow of water conducted in the water circuit and/or supplied to the water circuit.
- the advantages of the invention are that no separate cooling circuit is required for the rectifier cooling, no separate pump or heat exchanger has to be provided for this purpose, and short piping is sufficient, since a separator unit, a main water pump, a heat exchanger, the rectifier and the electrolysis unit can be arranged spatially close to one another in an electrolysis module. Since the water temperature is reduced to a cleaning unit, an additional heat exchanger can be installed upstream. of these can be reduced or eliminated.
- the advantages mentioned result in reduced CAPEX and OPEX as well as lower maintenance requirements.
- Figure 1 illustrates a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
- Different embodiments of the invention may include, have, consist of, or consist essentially of other useful combinations of the described elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc., even if such combinations are not specifically described herein.
- the disclosure may include other inventions that are not currently claimed, but that may be claimed in the future, particularly if they are included within the scope of the independent claims.
- Explanations relating to devices, apparatus, arrangements, systems, etc. according to embodiments of the present invention may also apply to methods, processes, methods, etc. according to the embodiments of the present invention and vice versa.
- Elements, method steps, etc. that are identical, act in the same way, correspond to one another in terms of their function, are structurally identical or comparable may be indicated with identical reference symbols.
- the method 100 serves to produce hydrogen and/or oxygen by electrolysis, whereby the hydrogen production is not separately illustrated.
- An electrolysis unit 10 is fed with direct current 2, which is provided from alternating current 1 using a rectifier 20.
- the current flows are each illustrated with dashed arrows.
- the electrolysis unit 10 is also fed with water using a water circuit indicated overall as 110.
- the rectifier 20 is cooled using cooling water, which is provided using a partial flow 5 of water guided in the water circuit 110 and/or supplied to the water circuit.
- the latter the feeding using a partial flow of water supplied to the water circuit 110, i.e. makeup water, is not separately illustrated.
- Water 4 is taken from the electrolysis unit 10 in a two-phase stream 4, 6 with an anode gas 6, the two-phase stream 4, 6 being fed to a separator unit 30.
- the water 4 separates from the anode gas 6, ie predominantly oxygen, the latter being able to be fed to a suitable processing or use, for example, or released into the atmosphere.
- Water, now designated 7, is taken from the separator unit 30 and at least partially fed to a cooling unit 50.
- the partial flow 5 used to provide the cooling water is branched off from a water flow 8 taken from the cooling unit 50. It therefore has the temperature reached in the cooling unit 50.
- a residual flow 9 of the water flow 8 taken from the cooling unit 50 that remains after the partial flow 5 has been branched off, or a part thereof, is used to provide the water 3 with which the electrolysis unit 10 is fed.
- additional water 7 is taken from the separator unit 30, at least a portion of which is used to provide the water 3 that is fed to the electrolysis unit 10, bypassing the cooling unit 50.
- a corresponding bypass via a valve 60 is provided.
- the cooling water 5 or a part 5b thereof is fed to a cleaning unit 80 which is integrated into the water circuit 110.
- a further part 5a of the cooling water 5 can be returned to the separator unit 30.
- the return of cooling water to the separator unit 30 is optional, i.e. the entire cooling water 5 can also be fed through the cleaning unit 80, as illustrated with part 5b.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2024305642A AU2024305642A1 (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-05-14 | Method and system for producing hydrogen and/or oxygen |
| CN202480038268.6A CN121311629A (zh) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-05-14 | 用于产生氢气和/或氧气的方法和系统 |
| EP24727153.9A EP4724630A1 (de) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-05-14 | Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von wasserstoff und/oder sauerstoff |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23020286.3A EP4477783A1 (de) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von wasserstoff und/oder sauerstoff |
| EP23020286.3 | 2023-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024256033A1 true WO2024256033A1 (de) | 2024-12-19 |
Family
ID=86764523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/025165 Ceased WO2024256033A1 (de) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-05-14 | Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von wasserstoff und/oder sauerstoff |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4477783A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121311629A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2024305642A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024256033A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH447127A (de) * | 1965-07-16 | 1967-11-30 | Oerlikon Maschf | Anlage, die einen von einem Transformator über Halbleitergleichrichter gespeisten Elektrolyseur enthält |
| JP2011021212A (ja) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-02-03 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 水電解システム |
| EP3936717A1 (de) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-12 | Vattenfall AB | Windpark mit wärmerückgewinnungsrohrleitung |
| WO2023088749A2 (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-25 | Paul Francis Geary | Electrolysis system and method for energy recycling |
-
2023
- 2023-06-12 EP EP23020286.3A patent/EP4477783A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-05-14 CN CN202480038268.6A patent/CN121311629A/zh active Pending
- 2024-05-14 EP EP24727153.9A patent/EP4724630A1/de active Pending
- 2024-05-14 AU AU2024305642A patent/AU2024305642A1/en active Pending
- 2024-05-14 WO PCT/EP2024/025165 patent/WO2024256033A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH447127A (de) * | 1965-07-16 | 1967-11-30 | Oerlikon Maschf | Anlage, die einen von einem Transformator über Halbleitergleichrichter gespeisten Elektrolyseur enthält |
| JP2011021212A (ja) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-02-03 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 水電解システム |
| EP3936717A1 (de) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-12 | Vattenfall AB | Windpark mit wärmerückgewinnungsrohrleitung |
| WO2023088749A2 (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-25 | Paul Francis Geary | Electrolysis system and method for energy recycling |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry", 15 June 2000, WILEY-VCH |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN121311629A (zh) | 2026-01-09 |
| EP4477783A1 (de) | 2024-12-18 |
| EP4724630A1 (de) | 2026-04-15 |
| AU2024305642A1 (en) | 2025-12-11 |
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