WO2024255282A1 - 电池模组及储能装置 - Google Patents

电池模组及储能装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024255282A1
WO2024255282A1 PCT/CN2024/076260 CN2024076260W WO2024255282A1 WO 2024255282 A1 WO2024255282 A1 WO 2024255282A1 CN 2024076260 W CN2024076260 W CN 2024076260W WO 2024255282 A1 WO2024255282 A1 WO 2024255282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid cooling
liquid
battery module
cooling tube
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/076260
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马亚强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd, Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024255282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024255282A1/zh
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/10—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a battery module and an energy storage device.
  • Battery modules are usually composed of several battery cells connected in series. Adjacent battery cells are electrically connected through a bus bar to achieve the output of several battery cells.
  • the bus bar carries a certain amount of current, so there will be a heating problem.
  • the bus generally adopts natural cooling to dissipate heat, but with the continuous improvement of battery fast charging rate and the continuous increase of battery capacity, the charging current will inevitably increase, which will directly lead to the exponential growth of the heat generation of the bus. Therefore, the existing natural cooling method can no longer meet the heat dissipation needs of the bus.
  • the relevant technology attempts to increase the width and thickness of the bus or replace the material with a higher current coefficient to improve the current capacity of the bus and reduce the heat generation.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery module and an energy storage device to solve the problems of high processing cost and difficulty.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery module, comprising:
  • At least two battery cells each having a top cover
  • bus bar being arranged above the top cover and the bus bar being electrically connected to poles arranged on two adjacent top covers;
  • a liquid cooling pipe is arranged above all the top covers and cooperates with all the bus bars for heat transfer.
  • the liquid cooling tube is connected to an external cooling medium supply device, and the cooling medium supply device inputs cooling medium into the liquid cooling tube, and then the cooling medium can achieve heat exchange with the bus through the tube wall of the liquid cooling tube. In this way, the high-temperature heat of the bus can be quickly absorbed and taken away by the cooling medium, achieving the effect of cooling the bus by the liquid cooling tube.
  • This solution not only does not need to increase the width and thickness of the bus, but also does not take up too much installation space, and does not limit the overcurrent capacity of the bus due to its size. At the same time, it also does not need to use materials with better overcurrent capacity for the bus, avoiding the problems of high processing costs and difficulties.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point A in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a side structural diagram of the battery module in FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the B-B position in Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point C in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the battery module in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG7 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the D-D position in FIG6.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point E in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point F in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first end plate.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point G in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of the first end plate in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 13 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point H in FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid cooling tube according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 a battery module 100 is shown in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the battery module 100 includes at least two battery cells 10, at least one bus bar 20 and a liquid cooling tube 30.
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery module 100 loaded with twelve battery cells 10.
  • the battery cells 10 are square batteries, and the twelve battery cells 10 are arranged side by side in the same direction in a manner that the large surfaces (side surfaces) are matched (such as contacting or maintaining a preset gap).
  • the battery cell 10 may also be a cylindrical battery or the like.
  • FIG. 1 also shows that the number of busbars 20 is also twelve.
  • Six busbars 20 are arranged in a row at one end of the length direction of the battery module 100, and each busbar 20 is electrically connected to the positive poles 12 of two adjacent battery cells 10.
  • the remaining six busbars 20 are arranged in a row at the other end of the length direction of the battery module 100.
  • Each busbar 20 is electrically connected to the negative poles of two adjacent battery cells 10.
  • busbar 20 and the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column may be electrically connected by welding or other methods.
  • the battery cell 10 has a top cover 11; the bus 20 is arranged on one side of the top cover 11 along the height direction of the battery module 100, that is, the bus 20 is located above the top cover 11, and the bus 20 is electrically connected to the poles 12 set on two adjacent top covers 11; the liquid cooling pipe 30 is arranged on all the top covers 11 and cooperates with all the bus 20 for heat transfer.
  • the implementation of the technical solution of this embodiment will have the following beneficial effects: in the battery module 100 of the above solution, by adding a liquid cooling tube 30 between the top cover 11 of the battery cell 10 and the bus 20, when the high-rate, large-capacity battery module 100 is charged and discharged at a large current, the current flowing through the bus 20 increases, resulting in a significant increase in the heat generated by the bus 20, and the liquid cooling tube 30 is connected to the external cooling medium supply device, and the cooling medium supply device will input cooling medium into the liquid cooling tube 30, thereby cooling the medium
  • the heat exchange with the bus 20 can be achieved through the tube wall of the liquid cooling tube 30.
  • the high-temperature heat of the bus 20 can be quickly absorbed and taken away by the cooling medium, achieving the effect of cooling the bus 20 by the liquid cooling tube 30, and well solving the problem of excessive heat generation of the bus 20 in a high flow scenario, and improving the flow capacity of the bus 20.
  • this solution does not need to increase the width and thickness of the bus 20, does not occupy too much installation space, and does not limit the flow capacity of the bus 20 due to the size, and also does not need
  • the busbar 20 is made of a material with better current carrying capacity to avoid the problems of high processing cost and difficulty.
  • the liquid cooling tube 30 can actually dissipate heat and cool down hot spots such as the bus 20, the welding parts between the poles 12 and the bus 20, the poles 12 and the ears inside the battery, and the welding parts between the ears inside the battery and the winding core.
  • the liquid cooling tube 30 includes a liquid cooling tube body 31 and a heat conductive insulating layer 32.
  • the heat conductive insulating layer 32 is installed outside the liquid cooling tube body 31, and the heat conductive insulating layer 32 abuts against the bus 20.
  • a flow channel is formed inside the liquid cooling tube body 31, and the cooling medium can flow in the flow channel, so that heat can be transferred to the bus 20 through the tube wall of the liquid cooling tube body 31, thereby cooling and dissipating the heat of the bus 20.
  • the cooling medium can be but not limited to water, oil, etc., any one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the heat-conductive insulating layer 32 installed on the outside of the liquid-cooling tube body 31 is made of a compressible material with high thermal conductivity and good insulation effect, such as heat-conductive silicone in this embodiment. In addition to completing the rapid heat conduction from the bus 20 to the liquid-cooling tube body 31, it can also ensure the formation of insulation protection between the bus 20 and the liquid-cooling tube body 31.
  • the busbar 20 will form a surface contact with the positive and negative poles, and then the electrical connection is completed by laser welding.
  • the heat-conducting insulating layer 32 will be subjected to the pressure of the busbar 20, so that the liquid cooling tube 30 forms a heat conduction contact with the busbar 20.
  • the connection method is fast and simple, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.
  • the heat dissipation of the bus 20 is assisted by the liquid cooling tube 30, and the core lies in the design of the heat exchange contact area between the liquid cooling tube 30 and the bus 20.
  • the width of the liquid cooling tube body 31 is in the range of 15mm to 48mm.
  • the width of the liquid cooling tube body 31 is too small, the heat exchange contact area with the bus 20 is too small, which will affect the cooling and heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling tube 30 on the bus 20; and if the width of the liquid cooling tube body 31 is too large, part of the width of the liquid cooling tube body 31 will not be able to contact the bus 20, that is, it will not be able to participate in the heat transfer work at all, resulting in the liquid cooling tube body 31 having excess width, excessive weight, and increased consumables leading to increased costs.
  • the width range of the liquid cooling tube body 31 within the range of 15mm to 48mm, the above problems can be avoided, while meeting the use requirements of buses 20 of different specifications and sizes.
  • the liquid cooling tube body 31 is a flat tube having a first wide surface and a second wide surface opposite to each other, the first wide surface abuts against the top cover 11, and the second wide surface abuts against the bus bar 20. After installation, it helps to reduce the overall height of the battery module 100, reduce the installation space occupied, and facilitate the miniaturization design of the battery module 100.
  • the cross-section of the flat tube may be any one of a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, etc.
  • the liquid cooling pipe body 31 includes a first liquid cooling pipe section 311, a second liquid cooling pipe section 312 and a connecting pipe section 313.
  • the first end 313a of the connecting pipe section 313 is connected to the first end 311b of the first liquid cooling pipe section 311, and the second end 313b of the connecting pipe section 313 is connected to the first end 312b of the second liquid cooling pipe section 312.
  • the first liquid cooling pipe section 311, the connecting pipe section 313 and the second liquid cooling pipe section 312 are matched to form a U-shaped or C-shaped structure.
  • the first liquid cooling pipe section 311 is arranged close to the pole 12 at one end of the battery cell 10, and the second liquid cooling pipe section 312 is arranged close to the pole 12 at one end of the battery cell 10.
  • the pole 12 at the other end of the battery cell 10 is arranged, and the connecting pipe section 313 is arranged close to the edge of the battery module 100 .
  • the liquid cooling pipe body 31 is designed with a U-shaped or C-shaped structure, which can not only prevent the first liquid cooling pipe section 311, the second liquid cooling pipe section 312 and the connecting pipe section 313 from blocking the explosion-proof valve and other components in the middle of the battery cell 10, but also shorten the length of the liquid cooling pipe body 31, reducing consumables and manufacturing costs.
  • the first liquid cooling pipe section 311 and the second liquid cooling pipe section 312 are arranged closer to the poles 12 at both ends of the length direction of the battery cell 10, so that it is easier to form a reliable heat transfer contact with the bus 20, which is conducive to reducing the size of the bus 20.
  • the liquid cooling pipe 30 further includes a liquid inlet joint 33, a liquid inlet manifold 34, a liquid outlet joint 35 and a liquid outlet manifold 36.
  • the second end 311c of the first liquid cooling pipe section 311 is connected to the liquid inlet manifold 34
  • the liquid inlet joint 33 is connected to the liquid inlet manifold 34
  • the second end 312c of the second liquid cooling pipe section 312 is connected to the liquid outlet manifold 36
  • the liquid outlet manifold 36 is connected to the liquid outlet joint 35.
  • the cooling medium is conveniently connected from the liquid inlet joint 33, and then flows into the liquid cooling pipe body 31 through the liquid inlet manifold 34.
  • the cooling medium completes the heat transfer with the bus 20, it further flows to the liquid outlet joint 35 through the liquid outlet manifold 36, and finally is discharged from the liquid outlet joint 35 and returned to the cooling medium supply device, so as to realize the recycling of the cooling medium.
  • the battery module 100 also includes a box body 40, and the box body 40 includes a first end plate 41, a second end plate 42, a first side plate 43 and a second side plate 44.
  • the first end plate 41, the first side plate 43, the second end plate 42 and the second side plate 44 are connected end to end and surround an installation cavity, and all battery cells 10 are installed in the installation cavity.
  • the box body 40 may also include a bottom plate (not shown in the figure), which serves as a loading support for the first end plate 41, the second end plate 42, the first side plate 43 and the second side plate 44, so that the first end plate 41, the second end plate 42, the first side plate 43 and the second side plate 44 can be erected on the bottom plate and connected end to end.
  • a bottom plate (not shown in the figure) which serves as a loading support for the first end plate 41, the second end plate 42, the first side plate 43 and the second side plate 44, so that the first end plate 41, the second end plate 42, the first side plate 43 and the second side plate 44 can be erected on the bottom plate and connected end to end.
  • the positive and negative poles of the battery cell 10, the top cover 11, and the bus bar 20 are all located at the upper opening side of the box body 40, which is convenient for connection operation.
  • first end plate 41, the second end plate 42, the first side plate 43 and the second side plate 44 may be assembled and fixed by welding, screw connection, snap connection or any other method, and a flexible selection may be made according to actual needs.
  • first end plate 41 or the second end plate 42 is recessed with two limiting mounting portions 45
  • the second end 311c of the first liquid-cooling pipe section 311 is formed with a first bent section 311a bent toward a corresponding limiting mounting portion 45
  • the liquid inlet manifold 34 is installed at an extension portion of the first bent section 311a toward a corresponding limiting mounting portion 45 and is limitedly matched with the limiting mounting portion 45
  • the second end 312c of the second liquid-cooling pipe section 312 is formed with a second bent section 312a bent toward another corresponding limiting mounting portion 45
  • the liquid outlet manifold 36 is installed at an extension portion of the second bent section 312a toward a corresponding limiting mounting portion 45
  • the position is limited and matched with the position limiting mounting part 45.
  • the position limiting mounting part 45 can effectively constrain the freedom of the liquid inlet manifold 34 and the liquid outlet manifold 36, thereby achieving the effect of limiting the loosening or even falling of the liquid cooling tube 30, and improving the installation reliability of the liquid cooling tube 30.
  • the position limiting mounting portion 45 includes a first position limiting portion 451 , and the first position limiting portion 451 is adapted to fit with a portion of the outer wall contour of the liquid inlet manifold 34 and the liquid outlet manifold 36 .
  • the upper end surface of the first end plate 41 is concavely formed with a groove, and at least one side wall of the groove is provided with a first limiting portion 451.
  • the left and right side walls of the liquid inlet collecting pipe 34 just correspond to the two first limiting portions 451 one by one, so that the horizontal movement freedom of the liquid inlet collecting pipe 34 and the liquid inlet connector 33 is constrained, so that when the counterpart (i.e., the plug of the coolant supply device) is horizontally plugged into the liquid inlet connector 33, the liquid cooling pipe 30 can be fixed in place, thereby avoiding damage to the liquid inlet connector 33 and preventing deformation of the liquid cooling pipe 30.
  • the first limiting portion 451 is designed as a semicircular groove, and the liquid inlet collecting pipe 34 adopts a flat tube with an elliptical cross-section.
  • the arc-shaped small surface of the liquid inlet collecting pipe 34 can just fit into the semicircular groove, thereby effectively limiting the front and back and left and right movement freedom of the liquid inlet collecting pipe 34.
  • the position limiting installation part 45 also includes a second position limiting part 452, and the second position limiting part 452 abuts against the tube end wall of the liquid inlet manifold 34 and the liquid outlet manifold 36.
  • the second position limiting part 452 is a step structure formed on at least one side of the groove wall, and after the liquid inlet manifold 34 is installed in the groove, its lower tube end wall can just overlap the step structure, and at this time, the step structure can impose a -Z axis direction limit on the liquid inlet manifold 34 (the Z axis direction is the height direction of the battery module 100), and at the same time, the bus 20 will be crimped on the upper surface of the liquid cooling tube 30 after installation and fixation, and a +Z axis direction limit is simultaneously imposed on the liquid cooling tube 30, so that the degree of freedom of the liquid cooling tube 30 in the Z axis direction is completely limited, ensuring that the liquid cooling tube 30 is installed firmly, and preventing the liquid cooling tube 30 from being de
  • the position-limiting installation portion 45 further includes a flared portion 453, the first end plate 41 or the second end plate 42 has a first side surface 411 and a second side surface 412 opposite to each other in the thickness direction, and the width of the flared portion 453 is gradually increased from the first side surface 411 to the second side surface 412; the liquid inlet connector 33 and the liquid outlet connector 35 extend from the corresponding flared portion 453.
  • the flared portion 453 can appropriately increase the activity and operation space when the counterpart is plugged in, so as to facilitate the installation operation.
  • the battery module 100 further includes at least two lead-out pole bases 50 and at least two lead-out electrodes 60 (as shown in FIG. 1 ), the lead-out pole bases 50 are mounted on the box body 40, the lead-out electrodes 60 are mounted on the lead-out pole bases 50 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lead-out electrodes 60 are electrically connected to all the busbars 20.
  • the busbars 20 of a single battery module 100 are electrically connected to the lead-out electrodes 60 to achieve current convergence, and on this basis, the lead-out electrodes 60 can also achieve electrical connection between different battery modules 100.
  • the present disclosure further provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery module 100 as described in any of the above embodiments.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种电池模组及储能装置，包括至少两个电池单体(10)，电池单体(10)具有顶盖(11)；至少一个汇流排(20)，汇流排(20)设置于顶盖(11)上方，且汇流排(20)与相邻两个顶盖(11)上设置的极柱(12)电连接；以及，液冷管(30)，液冷管(30)设置于所有的顶盖(11)上并与所有的汇流排(20)传热配合。如此一来，汇流排(20)的高温热量能被冷却介质快速吸收并带走，实现了液冷管(30)对汇流排(20)冷却降温的效果，提升了汇流排(20)的过流能力，很好的解决了较高过流场景下汇流排(20)发热量过大的问题，且不会占用过多安装空间，避免引起加工成本高、难度大的问题。

Description

电池模组及储能装置
本公开要求于2023年06月16日提交的申请号为202310718976.1、名称为“电池模组及储能装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种电池模组及储能装置。
背景技术
当前，为了满足大电流、长续航的使用需求，二次电池更多会以电池模组的形式存在，电池模组通常由若干个电池单体相互串联而组成，相邻电池单体之间通过汇流排电连接，以实现将若干个电池单体的电流汇聚一路输出。而汇流排承载一定大小的电流通过，因此会存在发热问题。
目前汇流排一般采用自然冷却方式进行散热，但随着电池快充倍率的不断提升以及电池容量的不断增大，势必伴随着充电电流的不断增大，这也直接导致汇流排的发热量呈现出倍数增长态势，因此现有自然冷却方式已无法满足汇流排的散热需求。为此，相关技术中尝试采用增加汇流排的宽度和厚度尺寸或者更换过流系数更高材料的方式，以提高汇流排的过流能力，降低发热量。但增加汇流排的宽度和厚度尺寸，会导致汇流排占用安装空间增大，且当电流增大到一定值后，由于汇流排的宽度和厚度无法持续增大，所以仍然存在无法满足过流能力的问题；而采用过流能力更高的材料制造汇流排，则会导致加工成本和难度大幅上升。
发明内容
本公开的目的提供一种电池模组及储能装置，以解决加工成本高、难度大的问题。
根据本公开的一个方面，本公开提供一种电池模组，包括：
至少两个电池单体，所述电池单体具有顶盖；
至少一个汇流排，所述汇流排设置于所述顶盖上方，且所述汇流排与相邻两个所述顶盖上设置的极柱电连接；以及，
液冷管，所述液冷管设置于所有的所述顶盖的上方并与所有的所述汇流排传热配合。
上述方案的电池模组中，通过在电池单体的顶盖与汇流排之间增加安装液冷管，当大倍率、大容量的电池模组以大电流充放电工作时，流经于汇流排的电流增大，导致汇流排的发热量显著升高，将液冷管与外部的冷却介质供给装置连通，冷却介质供给装置便会向液冷管输入冷却介质，进而冷却介质能通过液冷管的管壁实现与汇流排热交换，如此一来，汇流排的高温热量能被冷却介质快速吸收并带走，实现了液冷管对汇流排冷却降温的效 果，很好的解决了较高过流场景下汇流排发热量过大的问题，提升了汇流排的过流能力，且该方案不仅不需要增大汇流排的宽度和厚度尺寸，还不会占用过多安装空间，且不会使汇流排的过流能力受限于尺寸，同时也无需使汇流排采用过流能力更好的材料，避免引起加工成本高、难度大的问题。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施方式，本公开的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。
图1为本公开一实施例所述的电池模组的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A处的局部放大结构图。
图3为图1中电池模组的侧视结构图。
图4为图3中B-B处的剖面结构图。
图5为图4中C处的局部放大结构图。
图6为图1中电池模组的俯视结构图。
图7为图6中D-D处的剖面结构图。
图8为图7中E处的局部放大结构图。
图9为图6中F处的局部放大结构图。
图10为第一端板的结构示意图。
图11为图10中G处的局部放大结构图。
图12为图10中第一端板的俯视结构图。
图13为图12中H处的局部放大结构图。
图14为本公开中一实施例所述的液冷管的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100、电池模组；10、电池单体；11、顶盖；12、极柱；20、汇流排；30、液冷管；
31、液冷管本体；311、第一液冷管段；311a、第一弯折段；311b、第一端；311c、第二端；312、第二液冷管段；312a、第二弯折段；312b、第一端；312c、第二端；313、衔接管段；313a、第一端；313b、第二端；32、导热绝缘层；33、进液接头；34、进液集流管；35、出液接头；36、出液集流管；40、箱体；41、第一端板；411、第一侧面；412、第二侧面；42、第二端板；43、第一侧板；44、第二侧板；45、限位安装部；451、第一限位部；452、第二限位部；453、扩口部；50、引出极底座；60、引出电极。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式。虽然本说明书中使用相对性的用语， 例如“上”、“下”来描述图标的一个组件对于另一组件的相对关系，但是这些术语用于本说明书中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。能理解的是，如果将图标的装置翻转使其上下颠倒，则所叙述在“上”的组件将会成为在“下”的组件。其他相对性的用语，例如“顶”、“底”等也作具有类似含义。当某结构在其它结构“上”时，有可能是指某结构一体形成于其它结构上，或指某结构“直接”设置在其它结构上，或指某结构通过另一结构“间接”设置在其它结构上。
用语“一个”、“一”、“该”和“所述”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等；用语“第一”、“第二”等仅作为标记使用，不是对其对象的数量限制。
参阅图1，图3，图4和图6，为本公开一实施例展示的一种电池模组100，电池模组100包括至少两个电池单体10、至少一个汇流排20以及液冷管30。具体地，图1中示出了装载电池单体10的数量为十二个的电池模组100。其中，电池单体10为方形电池，十二个电池单体10以大面(侧面)相配合(如接触或保持预设间隙)的方式沿着同一方向并排布置。
当然，其它实施例中电池单体10也可以是圆柱电池等。
此外，图1中还示出了汇流排20的数量也为十二个。其中六个汇流排20呈一排布置在电池模组100长度方向的一端，每一个汇流排20与相邻两个电池单体10的正极柱12电连接。其余六个汇流排20呈一排布置在电池模组100长度方向的另一端。每一个汇流排20与相邻两个电池单体10的负极柱电连接。
可选地，汇流排20与正极柱和负极柱的电连接方式可以为焊接或者其它。
请继续参阅图7和图8，电池单体10具有顶盖11；汇流排20设置于顶盖11沿电池模组100高度方向的一侧，即汇流排20位于顶盖11的上方，且汇流排20与相邻两个顶盖11上设置的极柱12电连接；液冷管30设置于所有的顶盖11上并与所有的汇流排20传热配合。
综上，实施本实施例技术方案将具有如下有益效果：上述方案的电池模组100中，通过在电池单体10的顶盖11与汇流排20之间增加安装液冷管30，当大倍率、大容量的电池模组100以大电流充放电工作时，流经于汇流排20的电流增大，导致汇流排20的发热量显著升高，将液冷管30与外部的冷却介质供给装置连通，冷却介质供给装置便会向液冷管30输入冷却介质，进而冷却介质能通过液冷管30的管壁实现与汇流排20热交换，如此一来，汇流排20的高温热量能被冷却介质快速吸收并带走，实现了液冷管30对汇流排20冷却降温的效果，很好的解决了较高过流场景下汇流排20发热量过大的问题，提升了汇流排20的过流能力，且该方案不仅不需要增大汇流排20的宽度和厚度尺寸，不会占用过多安装空间，且不会使汇流排20的过流能力受限于尺寸，同时也无需 使汇流排20采用过流能力更好的材料，避免引起加工成本高、难度大的问题。
实际工作中，在大倍率、大容量电池的大过流场景下，液冷管30实际上能够对汇流排20、极柱12与汇流排20的焊接部位、极柱12与电池内部的极耳、电池内部的极耳与卷芯的焊接部位等发热点实现散热降温。
请继续参阅图1、图2、图5和图14，在一些实施例中，液冷管30包括液冷管本体31和导热绝缘层32，导热绝缘层32装设于液冷管本体31的外部，且导热绝缘层32与汇流排20抵接。其中，液冷管本体31的内部形成流道，冷却介质能在流道内流动，从而能通过液冷管本体31的管壁与汇流排20进行热传递，实现对汇流排20冷却散热。
根据实际需要，冷却介质可以是但不限于水、油等其中的任意一种或者两种以上的混合。
而安装在液冷管本体31的外部的导热绝缘层32，采用可压缩、导热系数高和绝缘效果好的材料制成，例如本实施例中采用导热硅胶；能在完成辅助热量从汇流排20向液冷管本体31快速热传导之外，还能保证汇流排20与液冷管本体31之间形成绝缘防护。
实际制造时，在工装压力的作用下，汇流排20会与正负极柱形成面接触，而后通过激光焊接完成电连接。同时，导热绝缘层32会受到汇流排20的压力，从而使液冷管30与汇流排20形成热传导接触。连接方式快速且简单，有利于提升生产效率。
本公开中，通过液冷管30辅助汇流排20散热，核心在于液冷管30与汇流排20的换热接触面积设计，在一些实施例中，液冷管本体31的宽度范围为15mm～48mm。若液冷管本体31的宽度偏小，则与汇流排20的换热接触面积过小，会影响到液冷管30对汇流排20的冷却散热效能；而若液冷管本体31的宽度过大，则会导致液冷管本体31的部分宽度无法与汇流排20接触，即根本无法参与热传递工作，导致了液冷管本体31宽度富余，重量过重，耗材增加导致成本升高。将液冷管本体31的宽度范围控制在15mm～48mm的范围内，则能够避免上述问题发生，同时满足不同规格尺寸汇流排20的使用需求。
更进一步地，液冷管本体31采用扁管，扁管具有相对的第一宽面和第二宽面，第一宽面与顶盖11抵接，第二宽面与汇流排20抵接。安装后有助于减小电池模组100的整体高度，减少安装空间占用，利于电池模组100的小型化设计。
可选地，扁管的截面可以是矩形、椭圆形等其中的任意一种。
请继续参阅图1和图14，此外，在一些实施例中，液冷管本体31包括第一液冷管段311、第二液冷管段312和衔接管段313，衔接管段313的第一端313a与第一液冷管段311的第一端311b连通，衔接管段313的第二端313b与第二液冷管段312的第一端312b连通。例如，本实施例中第一液冷管段311、衔接管段313和第二液冷管段312配合成U型或C型结构。
第一液冷管段311靠近电池单体10一端的极柱12布置，第二液冷管段312靠近电 池单体10另一端的极柱12布置，衔接管段313靠近电池模组100的边缘布置。
将液冷管本体31采用U型或C型结构设计，不仅能避免第一液冷管段311、第二液冷管段312和衔接管段313对电池单体10中部的防爆阀等部件造成遮挡，同时缩短液冷管本体31的长度，降低耗材和制造成本。此外，第一液冷管段311以及第二液冷管段312更靠近电池单体10长度方向两端的极柱12布置，从而更容易与汇流排20形成可靠传热接触，有利于减小汇流排20的尺寸。
可以理解的，当多个电池单体10并排布置时，与第一液冷管段311对应的一排多个极柱12以及与第二液冷管段312对应的一排多个极柱12均采用正负极交替布置方式，以便实现各个电池单体10的串联连接。
请继续参阅图1至图5和图14所示，在上述实施例的基础上，液冷管30还包括进液接头33、进液集流管34、出液接头35和出液集流管36，第一液冷管段311的第二端311c与进液集流管34连通，进液接头33与进液集流管34连通，第二液冷管段312的第二端312c与出液集流管36连通，出液集流管36与出液接头35连通。采用这种方式，冷却介质方便从进液接头33接入，进而通过进液集流管34流入液冷管本体31，当冷却介质完成与汇流排20热传递后，进一步通过出液集流管36流向出液接头35，最终从出液接头35排出并返回至冷却介质供给装置，实现冷却介质循环利用。
请继续参阅图1，图3、图6和图10，此外，在又一些实施例中，电池模组100还包括箱体40，箱体40包括第一端板41、第二端板42、第一侧板43和第二侧板44，第一端板41、第一侧板43、第二端板42和第二侧板44首尾相接并围成有安装腔，所有的电池单体10装设于安装腔内。进一步地，箱体40还可以包括底板(图中未示出)，底板对第一端板41、第二端板42、第一侧板43和第二侧板44起到装载支撑的作用，使第一端板41、第二端板42、第一侧板43和第二侧板44能竖立于底板并进行首尾相接，所有的电池单体10插置到安装腔内，会受到第一端板41、第二端板42、第一侧板43和第二侧板44的预紧作用而形成稳定安装，保证电池单体10不易发生松脱掉落。
安装后，电池单体10的正负极柱、顶盖11、汇流排20均位于箱体40的上端开口侧，方便进行连接操作。
可选地，第一端板41、第二端板42、第一侧板43和第二侧板44之间可采用焊接、螺接、卡扣连接等其中的任意一种方式装配固定，具体根据实际需要进行灵活选择即可。
请继续参阅图2，图3，图5，图9至图13，进一步地，第一端板41或第二端板42凹设形成有两个限位安装部45，第一液冷管段311的第二端311c形成有朝向对应设置的一个限位安装部45折弯的第一弯折段311a，进液集流管34装设于第一弯折段311a朝向对应设置的一个限位安装部45的延伸部位并与限位安装部45限位配合；第二液冷管段312的第二端312c形成有朝向对应设置的另一个限位安装部45折弯的第二弯折段312a，出液集流管36装设于第二弯折段312a朝向对应设置的一个限位安装部45的延伸 部位并与限位安装部45限位配合。因而安装后，限位安装部45能有效约束进液集流管34和出液集流管36的自由度，从而达到限制液冷管30松动甚至掉落的效果，提高液冷管30安装可靠性。
具体而言，如图9、图11-13所示，在一些实施例中限位安装部45包括第一限位部451，第一限位部451与进液集流管34以及出液集流管36的部分外管壁轮廓适配贴合。
例如，以第一端板41、进液集流管34和进液接头33的安装结构为例，第一端板41的上端面向内凹设形成有凹槽，凹槽的至少一侧槽壁均设有第一限位部451，进液集流管34和进液接头33由上至下插装入凹槽内后，进液集流管34的左右两侧管壁恰好与两个第一限位部451一一对应卡合，使得进液集流管34和进液接头33的水平方向移动自由度被约束，从而在对手件(即冷却液供给装置的插头)在与进液接头33水平插接时能保证液冷管30固定不动，避免损伤进液接头33以及防止液冷管30出现变形。
例如，本实施例中第一限位部451设计为半圆形凹槽，进液集流管34采用截面为椭圆形的扁管，进液集流管34的圆弧形小面恰好能适配卡合于该半圆形凹槽，从而能很好的限制进液集流管34的前后及左右移动自由度。
进一步地，限位安装部45还包括第二限位部452，第二限位部452与进液集流管34以及出液集流管36的管端壁抵接。例如，第二限位部452为形成于凹槽的至少一侧槽壁上的台阶结构，进液集流管34装入凹槽后其下管端壁恰好能搭接在该台阶结构上，此时台阶结构能对进液集流管34施加一个-Z轴方向的限位(Z轴方向即为电池模组100的高度方向)，与此同时，汇流排20在安装固定后会压接在液冷管30的上表面，同步施加给了液冷管30一个+Z轴方向的限位，使得液冷管30Z轴方向的自由度被完全限制，保证液冷管30安装稳固，避免液冷管30因电池膨胀、后续维护时受力而出现变形。
更进一步地，限位安装部45还包括扩口部453，第一端板41或第二端板42具有厚度方向相对的第一侧面411和第二侧面412，扩口部453的宽度沿第一侧面411向第二侧面412的方向呈递增过渡；进液接头33和出液接头35分别从对应的扩口部453伸出。实际安装时，若对手件(即冷却液供给装置的插头)的尺寸紧凑时，扩口部453能适当增大对手件插接时的活动和操作空间，方便安装操作。
在另一些实施例中，电池模组100还包括至少两个引出极底座50和至少两个引出电极60(如图1所示)，引出极底座50装设于箱体40，引出电极60一一对应地装设于引出极底座50，且引出电极60与所有的汇流排20电连接。单个电池模组100的汇流排20经与引出电极60电连接，可实现电流汇聚，在此基础上，引出电极60又能实现不同电池模组100之间电连接。
综上之外，本公开还提供一种储能装置，其包括如上任一实施例所述的电池模组100。
应可理解的是，本公开不将其应用限制到本说明书提出的部件的详细结构和布置方 式。本公开能够具有其他实施方式，并且能够以多种方式实现并且执行。前述变形形式和修改形式落在本公开的范围内。应可理解的是，本说明书公开和限定的本公开延伸到文中和/或附图中提到或明显的两个或两个以上单独特征的所有可替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成本公开的多个可替代方面。本说明书所述的实施方式说明了已知用于实现本公开的最佳方式，并且将使本领域技术人员能够利用本公开。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    至少两个电池单体，所述电池单体具有顶盖；
    至少一个汇流排，所述汇流排设置于所述顶盖上方，且所述汇流排与相邻两个所述顶盖上设置的极柱电连接；以及，
    液冷管，所述液冷管设置于所有的所述顶盖的上方并与所有的所述汇流排传热配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述液冷管包括液冷管本体和导热绝缘层，所述导热绝缘层装设于所述液冷管本体的外部，且所述导热绝缘层与所述汇流排抵接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述液冷管本体的宽度范围为15mm～48mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述液冷管本体采用扁管，所述扁管具有相对的第一宽面和第二宽面，所述第一宽面与所述顶盖抵接，所述第二宽面与所述汇流排抵接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述液冷管本体包括第一液冷管段、第二液冷管段和衔接管段，所述衔接管段的第一端与所述第一液冷管段的第一端连通，所述衔接管段的第二端与所述第二液冷管段的第一端连通，所述第一液冷管段靠近所述电池单体一端的极柱布置，所述第二液冷管段靠近所述电池单体另一端的极柱布置，所述衔接管段靠近所述电池模组的边缘布置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述液冷管还包括进液接头、进液集流管、出液接头和出液集流管，所述第一液冷管段的第二端与所述进液集流管连通，所述进液接头与所述进液集流管连通，所述第二液冷管段的第二端与所述出液集流管连通，所述出液集流管与所述出液接头连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括箱体，所述箱体包括第一端板、第二端板、第一侧板和第二侧板，所述第一端板、所述第一侧板、所述第二端板和所述第二侧板首尾相接并围成有安装腔，所有的所述电池单体装设于所述安装腔内；
    所述第一端板或所述第二端板凹设形成有两个限位安装部，所述第一液冷管段的第二端形成有朝向对应设置的一个所述限位安装部折弯的第一弯折段，所述进液集流管装设于所述第一弯折段朝向对应设置的一个所述限位安装部的延伸部位并与所述限位安装部限位配合；
    所述第二液冷管段的第二端形成有朝向对应设置的另一个所述限位安装部折弯的第二弯折段，所述出液集流管装设于所述第二弯折段朝向对应设置的一个所述限位安装部的延伸部位并与所述限位安装部限位配合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述限位安装部包括第一限位部，所述第一限位部与所述进液集流管以及所述出液集流管的部分外管壁轮廓适配贴合。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述限位安装部还包括第二限位部，所述第二限位部与所述进液集流管以及所述出液集流管的管端壁抵接。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述限位安装部还包括扩口部，所述第一端板或所述第二端板具有在厚度方向相对的第一侧面和第二侧面，所述扩口部的宽度沿所述第一侧面向所述第二侧面的方向呈递增过渡；
    所述进液接头和所述出液接头分别从对应的所述扩口部伸出。
  11. 一种储能装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至10任一项所述的电池模组。
PCT/CN2024/076260 2023-06-16 2024-02-06 电池模组及储能装置 Ceased WO2024255282A1 (zh)

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