WO2024253386A1 - 전지 캔과 집전판과 캡의 용접 구조 및 이를 적용한 배터리 셀 - Google Patents
전지 캔과 집전판과 캡의 용접 구조 및 이를 적용한 배터리 셀 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024253386A1 WO2024253386A1 PCT/KR2024/007409 KR2024007409W WO2024253386A1 WO 2024253386 A1 WO2024253386 A1 WO 2024253386A1 KR 2024007409 W KR2024007409 W KR 2024007409W WO 2024253386 A1 WO2024253386 A1 WO 2024253386A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cap
- side wall
- battery cell
- collector plate
- edge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/154—Lid or cover comprising an axial bore for receiving a central current collector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
- H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
- H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/005—Devices for making primary cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery, and more specifically, to a welding structure of a battery can, a current collector plate, and a cap, and a battery cell using the same.
- the process for manufacturing a battery cell using a cylindrical can includes the steps of deep drawing a metal sheet to form a can having a circular bottom portion and a circular tubular side wall member connected thereto, accommodating an electrode assembly therein, and then closing the open end of the side wall member with a cap.
- a current collector plate is provided that contacts and is electrically connected to at least one electrode tab of the electrode assembly.
- the current collector plate is connected to the cap or the side wall member by welding or the like so as to contact and be electrically connected to the cap or the side wall member.
- the collector plate In the process of welding the above-described collector plate to the cap or side wall member, the collector plate can be maintained in a state of close contact with the cap or side wall member.
- a jig for close contact between the collector plate and the cap or the collector plate and the side wall member may be required, and in addition, a mask for exposing the welding area may be required.
- a space for accommodating the mask or jig can be provided inside the can.
- this space remains empty after the mask or jig is removed, resulting in a problem in that the internal volume of the can cannot be efficiently utilized. This hinders increasing the energy density per unit volume of the can.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a welding structure of a battery can, a collector plate, and a cap, which enables a design to increase the energy density per unit volume of the can without wasting the internal space of the can when welding a collector plate provided on the open end of the can to the can by omitting a separate welding mask or jig, and a battery cell using the same.
- the present invention aims to improve the production efficiency of cylindrical battery cells and reduce the production cost by integrating the process of welding the current collector plate to the can and the process of welding the cap to the side wall member into a single welding process.
- the present invention seeks to increase the stability of the process by imparting the functions of a mask and a jig to the can, the collector plate, and the cap.
- the present invention seeks to provide a welding structure of a can, a collector plate, and a cap that minimizes generation of welding heat, thereby simplifying the assembly process of the collector plate and the cap while not adversely affecting the electrode assembly.
- the above-described task can be solved by forming a first weld by welding the can, the collector plate and the cap together along a line capable of securing the required internal resistance during a temporary welding, preliminary welding or provisional welding process for fixing the position of the cap on the can prior to welding, and forming a second weld by seam-welding the can and the cap during the main welding process for sealing the can.
- a battery cell may include a can, an electrode assembly, a collector plate, a cap, and the like.
- the can may have a sidewall surrounding an interior volume and defining an opening in the interior volume at a first end of the can along a central longitudinal axis.
- the electrode assembly may be accommodated within the interior volume of the can.
- the cap may cover the opening of the can so as to surround the interior volume.
- the collector plate may be electrically connected to an electrode of the electrode assembly.
- the collector plate may include a peripheral portion contacting the sidewall so as to be electrically connected to the can.
- a triple weld may be provided joining the sidewall along the opening, the edge of the cap, and the peripheral portion of the collector plate together.
- the triple weld may be formed along each of a plurality of first welds.
- the plurality of first welds may be spaced apart from each other along a peripheral direction about the central longitudinal axis.
- the sidewall along the opening and the edge of the cap may both be welded together along a second weld. This second weld can extend substantially continuously along the circumferential direction about the central longitudinal axis.
- At least a portion of the second weld portion may overlap with the plurality of first weld portions.
- At least a portion of the second weld portion may overlap with the plurality of first weld portions.
- the cross-sectional area of each of the plurality of first welds in each plane is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second weld in each plane.
- These cross-sections extend perpendicularly to the circumference at the location of each weld portion.
- the depth to which the plurality of first welds extend axially away from the first end of the can may be greater than the depth to which the second welds extend axially away from the first end of the can, which axial direction extends parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
- the outer diameter of the periphery of the current collector plate may correspond to the outer diameter of the radial outer surface of the cap.
- the edge of the cap may have a radially outer surface facing the radially inner surface of the side wall and contacting it.
- the outer diameter of the periphery of the current collector plate may be larger than the outer diameter of the radial outer surface of the cap edge.
- the edge of the cap may have a radially outer surface facing the radially inner surface of the side wall and a gap may be defined therebetween.
- the welding region may extend within the gap between the radially outer surface of the edge of the cap and the radially inner surface of the side wall.
- the edge of the cap can have a radially outer surface facing the radially inner surface of the side wall. Additionally, at least a first portion of the radially outer surface of the cap edge can have a first diameter corresponding to an outer diameter of the periphery of the current collector plate. Furthermore, at least a second portion of the radially outer surface of the cap edge can have a second diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the periphery of the current collector plate. According to some of these aspects, the radially outer surface of the cap edge can have two or more first portions and two or more second portions that alternate with each other about a central longitudinal axis in a circumferential direction.
- the edge of the cap can have a radially outer surface facing the radially inner surface of the side wall. Additionally, the radially outer surface can have a plurality of large-diameter portions and a plurality of small-diameter portions that are alternately arranged around the central longitudinal axis in the circumferential direction. The plurality of small-diameter portions can have a diameter smaller than the plurality of large-diameter portions.
- the large-diameter portion of the radially outer surface of the cap edge can contact the radially inner surface of the side wall, whereas the small-diameter portion of the radially outer surface of the cap edge is spaced apart from the radially inner surface of the side wall.
- a method of manufacturing a battery cell may include the step of positioning a cap and a current collector plate in an assembled position, which are stacked on each other, within an opening of a can.
- the current collector plate may be electrically connected to an electrode assembly contained within an interior volume of the can.
- a perimeter of the current collector plate may contact a radially inner surface of a side wall of the can surrounding the opening.
- the cap may be positioned over the current collector plate along a central longitudinal axis of the can such that the cap is further away from the electrode assembly than the current collector plate.
- the method also includes the step of forming a plurality of first welds, wherein the three components are welded together to secure their positions relative to each other. That is, the side wall of the can along the opening, the edge of the can, and the perimeter of the current collector plate are all welded together to secure their positions relative to each other. Furthermore, the plurality of first welds may be spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction relative to the central longitudinal axis.
- the method preferably includes the step of forming a second weld, wherein the side wall of the can and the edge of the cap along the opening are welded together. This second weld can extend substantially continuously along the circumferential direction about the central longitudinal axis to seal the opening of the can.
- the step of forming the plurality of first welds may include directing a laser to a region between a radially inner surface of the side wall and a radially outer surface of an edge of the cap.
- the step of forming the second weld may include the step of using a laser to continuously irradiate an area along the radially inner surface of the side wall and the radially outer surface of the cap edge.
- the power or energy density of the laser irradiated when forming the plurality of first welds may be higher than the power or energy density of the laser irradiated when forming the second welds, respectively.
- the speed of the laser moving along the circumferential direction to form the plurality of first welds may be faster than the speed of the laser to form the second welds.
- the step of forming the second weld joint may include resistance welding utilizing a roller electrode.
- the step of forming a plurality of first welds and the step of forming a second weld may include the step of melting the material of the extension of the side wall protruding over the cap along an axial direction extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
- the material of the extension preferably flows between the radially inner surface of the side wall and the radially outer surface of the cap edge.
- the electrical connection of the collector plate and the sealing of the can can be ensured while suppressing the generation of welding heat.
- weldability, stability, and durability can be secured while welding the side wall member, the cap, and the collector plate together.
- the assembly work of a battery cell can be significantly reduced.
- the volume of the electrode assembly accommodated inside the can can be secured to the maximum extent, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical battery cell according to one aspect of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the electrode assembly accommodated inside the can of Figure 1 before winding.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the electrode assembly of Figure 2 in a laminated state before winding.
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of an assembled cylindrical jelly-roll-shaped electrode assembly by winding up the laminate of Figure 3.
- Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a first collector plate is joined to an electrode tab of a first electrode of the electrode assembly of Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which a second collector plate is joined to an electrode tab of a second electrode of the electrode assembly of Figure 4.
- Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of accommodating the electrode assembly with the first and second collector plates joined inside the can.
- Figure 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing the bonding process of the first current collector plate and the first electrode terminal of the electrode assembly accommodated in the can.
- Figure 9 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of covering the open end of the can containing the electrode assembly with a cap.
- Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the open end of a battery cell with the open end of the can covered with a cap, showing the laser welding process.
- Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the open end of a battery cell with the open end of the can covered with a cap, showing the resistance welding process.
- Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the open end of a battery cell with the open end of the can covered with a cap having a liquid outlet.
- Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the injection port of the cap of Figure 12 is closed with a stopper.
- Figure 14 is a perspective view of the can with the cap placed over the open end.
- Figure 15 shows a cross-section .15.-.15. of Figure 14.
- Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the state in which the first weld is formed on the can and cap of Fig. 14.
- Figure 17 shows a cross-section .17.-.17. of Figure 16.
- Fig. 18 is a plan view showing a state in which a second weld is formed on the can and cap of Fig. 16.
- Figure 19 shows a cross-section .19.-.19. of Figure 18.
- Figure 20 shows a cross-section .20.-.20. of Figure 18.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cap is placed on the open end of a can of a cylindrical battery cell according to the second aspect of the present invention.
- Figure 22 shows a cross-section of Figure 21.
- Fig. 23 is a perspective view showing a state in which a first weld is formed on the can and cap of Fig. 21.
- Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing a state in which a second weld is formed on the can and cap of Fig. 23.
- Fig. 25 is a photograph showing a cross-section of .25.-.25. of Fig. 24.
- Fig. 26 is a photograph showing a cross-section of Fig. 24, line .26.-.26.
- FIG. 27 is a plan view of a cap of a cylindrical battery cell of the third aspect of the present invention.
- Fig. 28 is a plan view showing the open end of a can of a cylindrical battery cell with the cap of Fig. 27 covered.
- Figure 29 is a flow chart of an example of a battery cell manufacturing process according to the present invention.
- Figure 30 is a flow chart of another example of a battery cell manufacturing process according to the present invention.
- Fig. 31 is a perspective view of a battery pack to which battery cells of the embodiment are applied.
- Fig. 32 illustrates a vehicle equipped with the battery pack of Fig. 31.
- first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another, and unless otherwise specifically stated, a first component may also be a second component.
- any configuration is disposed on (or below)” a component or “on (or below)” a component may mean not only that any configuration is disposed in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface) of said component, but also that another configuration may be interposed between said component and any configuration disposed on (or below) said component.
- the axial direction refers to the direction in which the central longitudinal axis forming the winding center of the jelly-roll type electrode assembly extends, or the direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis
- the radial direction refers to the direction approaching (centripetal) or moving away (centrifugal) from the axis
- the circumferential direction refers to the direction surrounding the axis.
- the battery cell of the embodiment may be, for example, a cylindrical battery cell having a form factor ratio (defined as the ratio of the diameter ( ⁇ ) to the height (H) of a cylindrical battery cell) of greater than about 0.4.
- the form factor means a value indicating the diameter and height of a cylindrical battery cell.
- the cylindrical battery cell may be, for example, a 46110 cell, a 48750 cell, a 48110 cell, a 48800 cell, or a 46800 cell.
- the first two numbers indicate the diameter of the cell
- the next two numbers indicate the height of the cell
- the last number 0 indicates that the cross-section of the cell is circular.
- the above battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell having a roughly cylindrical shape, a diameter of approximately 46 mm, a height of approximately 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.418.
- a battery cell according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery cell having a generally cylindrical shape, a diameter of approximately 48 mm, a height of approximately 75 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.640.
- a battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell having a generally cylindrical shape, a diameter of approximately 48 mm, a height of approximately 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.418.
- a battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell having a generally cylindrical shape, a diameter of approximately 48 mm, a height of approximately 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.600.
- a battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell having a generally cylindrical shape, a diameter of approximately 46 mm, a height of approximately 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of 0.575.
- the present invention can also be applied to battery cells having a form factor ratio of about 0.4 or less, such as an 18650 cell, a 21700 cell, etc.
- the 18650 cell the diameter is about 18 mm
- the height is about 65 mm
- the form factor ratio is 0.277.
- the diameter is about 21 mm
- the height is about 70 mm
- the form factor ratio is 0.300.
- the battery cell of the embodiment includes an electrode assembly (20), a current collector plate (31, 32) electrically connected to the electrode assembly (20), and a can (10) that accommodates the electrode assembly (20) and the current collector plate (31, 32).
- the can (10) includes a bottom member (12), a side wall member (11) connected to the bottom member (12) and extending in the axial direction, and a cap (16) covering an axial end of the side wall member (11), i.e., an open end provided at the upper end (30) or the first end of the side wall member (11).
- the above-mentioned bottom member (12) may have a disc shape with a hole formed in the center, and the above-mentioned side wall member (11) may have a circular tube shape surrounding the internal volume of the can (10).
- the above-mentioned bottom member (12) and side wall member (11) can be manufactured by forming a metal sheet with nickel plated on the surface of steel using a deep drawing process, and trimming the front end of the side wall member (11) with a punch while holding it with a blank holder.
- the material of the can (10) is not limited to this.
- the first electrode terminal (13) can be fitted into the hole.
- the first electrode terminal (13) can be fixed by riveting to the bottom member (12) with a gasket (14) interposed therebetween.
- the gasket (14) is interposed between the first electrode terminal (13) and the bottom member (12), sealing the inside and outside of the can (10) to prevent leakage of the electrolyte, and electrically insulating the first electrode terminal (13) from the bottom member (12).
- the method of connecting the first electrode terminal (13) and the bottom member (12) is not limited to this.
- various other fixing methods such as a bolt-nut joint method, a glass seal method, or a chrome coating & PP-MAH thermal bonding method, can also be applied.
- the above first electrode terminal (13) may have a first polarity
- the can (10) may have a second polarity. That is, the bottom member (12) of the can (10), the side wall member (11) connected thereto, and the cap (16) connected to the side wall member (11), which will be described later, may all have a second polarity.
- the battery cell may have both the first electrode terminal (13) and the second electrode terminal (15) positioned at the axial end, i.e., the closed end, of the can (10) provided with the bottom member (12). Then, the battery cell may have both the bus bar connected to the first electrode terminal (13) and the bus bar connected to the second electrode terminal (15) positioned at the upper portion of the battery cell.
- the first electrode terminal (13) may be a positive terminal and the second electrode terminal (15) may be a negative terminal.
- the opposite may also be true.
- An electrode assembly (20) is accommodated within the internal volume of the can (10).
- the electrode assembly (20) is prepared by preparing a first electrode (21), a second electrode (22), and a separator (28) having a predetermined width and extending in the longitudinal direction as illustrated in FIG. 2, and forming a laminated body by sequentially stacking the first electrode (21), the separator (28), the second electrode (22), and the separator (28) as illustrated in FIG. 3, and then winding this around a core shaft as illustrated in FIG. 4, in the form of a jelly-roll.
- the above first electrode (21) may be an anode, and the above second electrode (22) may be a cathode. Of course, the opposite may also be the case.
- the above first electrode (21) and second electrode (22) are manufactured in the form of sheets.
- the above electrode sheets are manufactured in the form of an active material layer (24) being applied to the surface of a metal foil (23).
- the above electrode sheets have a support portion (25) region where the active material layer (24) is applied, and a non-conductive portion (26) region where the active material layer (24) is not applied.
- the positive electrode sheet has a non-conductive portion (26) region on one side in the width direction
- the negative electrode sheet has a non-conductive portion (26) region on the other side in the width direction.
- the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (22) are arranged so that their uncoated portions (26) are exposed or protruded in the width direction from the laminate.
- the uncoated portion (26) of the first electrode (21) protrudes from one axial end of the jelly-roll, and the uncoated portion (26) of the second electrode (22) protrudes from the other axial end of the jelly-roll.
- the uncoated portion (26) itself functions as at least one electrode tab (27).
- Notches can be formed at predetermined intervals in the above-mentioned blank portion (26) to form notching tabs (27).
- the notching tabs (27) may each be in the shape of a flag.
- the notching tabs (27) are exemplified as being in the shape of an equilateral trapezoid.
- their shapes may be various shapes such as a semicircle, a semi-ellipse, a triangle, a rectangle, a parallelogram, etc.
- the width of the notching tabs may be gradually or stepwise widened from the core side to the outer periphery side.
- the embodiment exemplifies a form in which the height of the notching tabs (27) gradually increases from the core side to the outer circumference side.
- the height of these notching tabs may be implemented in a constant or gradually decreasing form.
- a structure is exemplified in which the notching tab (27) is deleted in a predetermined section of the centrifugal end of the non-conductive portion (26) and a predetermined section of the centrifugal end.
- the notching tab of the non-conductive portion may not be deleted in the centrifugal end of the electrode assembly (20) wound in a jelly-roll shape, the notching tab of the non-conductive portion may not be deleted, and the notching tab of the non-conductive portion may not be deleted in both the centrifugal end and the centrifugal end.
- the notched tab (27) can be bent radially and flattened as shown in Fig. 4.
- the notched tab (27) can be bent radially inward or outward.
- a structure in which the notched tab (27) is bent radially inward is exemplified.
- the above-mentioned notched tabs (27) can be folded one by one during the process of forming a jelly roll-shaped electrode assembly (20) by winding the laminate. Alternatively, the above-mentioned notched tabs (27) can be folded all at once after the jelly roll-shaped electrode assembly is formed by winding the laminate.
- the notched tabs (27) of the first electrode (21) and the notched tabs (27) of the second electrode (22), which are folded and covered in the radial direction in this way, can provide a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the axial direction at each of the axial ends of the electrode assembly (20).
- a first collector plate (31) and a second collector plate (32) can be joined to a substantially flat surface provided by bending the notched tabs (27) exposed at both axial ends of the electrode assembly (20).
- the first collector plate (31) is a positive collector plate and the second collector plate (32) is a negative collector plate.
- the first collector plate (31) may be made of aluminum and the second collector plate (32) may be made of copper.
- the above-mentioned collector plate (31, 32) can be manufactured by punching, trimming, piercing, and/or bending a metal sheet.
- the first collector plate (31) has a terminal connection portion (312) extending radially from the center, a ring portion (313) connecting the centrifugal edge of the terminal connection portion (312) in a circumferential direction, and an electrode connection portion (314) extending centripetally from the ring portion (313) but not connected to the terminal connection portion (312).
- the center of the terminal connection portion (312) covers at least a portion of the core hollow portion along the central longitudinal axis of the electrode assembly (20).
- the above electrode connection part (314) is joined to the notched tab (27) of the first electrode (21) of the electrode assembly (20) by laser welding or the like before the electrode assembly (20) is placed in the can (10).
- the welding line of the laser may extend radially.
- the second collector plate (32) includes an inner ring (321) that defines a hole (322) corresponding to a core hollow portion of an electrode assembly (20) and is provided in a form surrounding the core hollow portion, and an electrode tab connection portion (323) that extends radially from the inner ring (321).
- the electrode tab connection portion (323) may be in the form of a plurality of spokes that extend radially outward from the inner ring portion.
- at least one of the spokes may have a radially outer end that is connected to a periphery of the second collector plate (32), referred to as a can connection portion (324).
- At least one of the spokes of the electrode tab connection portion (323) may have a radially outer end that does not reach the can connection portion (324).
- the can connection part (324) has an outer ring shape surrounding the electrode tab connection part (323), and the can connection part (324) may include a step that extends away from the electrode assembly (20) in the axial direction. Accordingly, at least the outermost periphery of the can connection part (324) may be arranged to be spaced further away from the electrode assembly (20) than the electrode tab connection part (323), the inner ring part (321), and other parts of the can connection part (324).
- the above electrode tab connection part (323) can be joined to the notched tab (27) of the second electrode (22) of the electrode assembly (20) by laser welding or the like before placing the electrode assembly (20) into the can (10).
- the welding line of the laser can extend radially.
- the electrode assembly (20) is accommodated in the can (10) in a state where the first collector plate (31) is aligned so as to face the bottom member (12) of the can (10).
- an insulator (19) is interposed between the first collector plate (31) and the bottom member (12) of the can (10) so that the first collector plate (31) is electrically insulated from the bottom member (12).
- the terminal connection part (312) of the first collector plate (31) is joined to the first electrode terminal (13) fixed to the can (10) by a method such as resistance welding, ultrasonic welding or laser welding.
- a welding device for welding the first collector plate (31) and the first electrode terminal (13) can approach the back surface (surface facing the electrode assembly (20)) of the terminal connection part (312) of the first collector plate (31) through the core hollow portion of the electrode assembly (20) from the open end of the can (10) to perform welding.
- the first collector plate (31) and the first electrode terminal (13) may also be joined by a method such as brazing or soldering. That is, various methods can be applied to the first collector plate (31) and the first electrode terminal (13) as long as they can be electrically connected and fixed to each other.
- the electrode tab (27) of the second electrode (22) and the second current collector (32) are positioned to face the open end of the side wall member (11).
- the open end of the side wall member (11) is covered and closed by a cap (16) as shown in Fig. 9.
- the internal volume of the can (10) is closed by covering the open end of the cap (16).
- the edge of the cap (16) is joined by laser welding to the edge of the side wall member (11) as shown in Fig. 10, and thus the can (10) can be sealed.
- seam welding may be performed through a resistance welding method in the form of a roll electrode (R), as illustrated in FIG. 11.
- the roll electrode (R) may have a tapered roll shape.
- the roll electrode (R) also rotates in accordance with the rotation of the can (10), and while this rotation is performed, when a + voltage is applied to one of the two electrodes and a - voltage is applied to the other, current flows and resistance heat is generated at the contact portion of the side wall member (11) and the cap (16) adjacent to the electrode (R), so that welding can be performed at the contact portion thereof.
- the welding structure of the present invention can also be applied to a method in which, as shown in FIG. 12, a cap (16) is first covered over the open end of the can (10), and then the cap (16) is welded (W) to the side wall member (11), and then an electrolyte is injected into the can (10) through the injection port (18) provided in the cap (16), and then the injection port (18) of the cap (16) is closed with a stopper (40) as shown in FIG. 13.
- the injection port (18) may be a circular hole-shaped hole provided in the center of the cap (16), and the stopper (40) may be a circular plug having a surface portion having a larger diameter than the injection port (18) and an insert portion protruding therefrom and fitted into the injection port (18).
- the outer perimeter of the stopper (40) is welded to the cap (16), and thus the injection port (18) can be sealed.
- the method of joining the stopper (40) and the cap (16) is not limited to welding, and various methods of joining that enable sealing, such as soldering, O-ring pressing, and screw joining, can be applied.
- an inner diameter expansion portion (113) may be provided on the open end side of the side wall member (11).
- the inner diameter expansion portion (113) may be a lateral step shape that extends across the central longitudinal axis and is arranged along the radial inner surface of the side wall member (11).
- the radial inner surface of the side wall member (11) may include a first inner surface (111) provided axially inwardly than the inner diameter expansion portion (113), that is, further from the opening of the open end of the side wall member (11), and a second inner surface (115) provided axially outwardly than the inner diameter expansion portion (113), that is, closer to the opening of the open end of the side wall member (11).
- the second inner surface (115) may have an inner diameter larger than that of the first inner surface (111). Accordingly, the side wall member (11) may have a second thickness (t2) measured in the radial direction at a portion where the second inner surface (115) is provided that is smaller than the first thickness (t1) measured in the radial direction at a portion where the first inner surface (111) is provided.
- the can connection portion (324) provided at the edge of the second collector plate (32) and electrically connected to the can (10) includes a first portion that contacts the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the first portion is provided with an abutting outer surface (325) that faces and contacts the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) in the radial direction.
- the above can connection portion (324) includes a second portion that comes into contact with the cap (16).
- the second portion is provided with a cap abutment surface (326) that faces and comes into contact with the inner surface of the cap (16) in the axial direction, that is, the bottom surface of the cap (16).
- the outer diameter of the abutting outer surface (325) of the can connecting portion (324) is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the first inner surface (111). Accordingly, the can connecting portion (324) includes a third portion that comes into contact with the inner diameter expanding portion (113). The third portion is provided on the opposite side of the cap abutting surface (326) in the axial direction. The third portion comes into contact with the inner diameter expanding portion (113) and regulates the insertion depth of the second collector plate (32) with respect to the can (10).
- the second collector plate (32) further includes a first bend portion (327) and a second bend portion (328), whereby the second collector plate (32) defines a step in the axial direction.
- the first bend portion (327) provides a shape for bending the second collector plate (32) extending radially outwardly in the axial direction.
- the second bend portion (328) provides a shape for bending the second collector plate (32) extending axially outwardly in the radial direction. Due to the axial step between the first bend portion (327) and the second bend portion (328), the periphery of the second collector plate (32) or the can connecting portion (324) is axially offset toward the open end of the can (10) with respect to the center of the second collector plate (32).
- the above can connection part (324) is connected to the electrode tab connection part (323) through the first bend part (327) and the second bend part (328) and through the inner ring part (321) described above.
- connection part (324) is connected to the radially outer side of the second bend part (328) and has a shape that extends radially from the second bend part (328). Accordingly, the area of the cap abutment surface (326) of the second collector plate (32) can be further secured.
- the material of the second collector plate (32) may be softer than the material of the side wall member (11). Accordingly, in the process of inserting the second collector plate (32) into the open end of the side wall member (11), the first bend portion (327) and the second bend portion (328) are elastically deformed. Accordingly, when the outer diameter of the abutting outer surface (325) is set to be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the second inner surface (115), the abutting outer surface (325) is pressed into the second inner surface (115).
- the cap (16) is provided with, in order from the radial center to the outside, a cap body (160), a thickness reduction portion (161) in which the thickness of the cap is changed, and a joint portion (17). That is, the cap body (160) is centered on the central region of the cap (16), and the thickness reduction portion (161) is provided on the radial outside of the cap body (160). The joint portion (17) is provided on the radial outside of the thickness reduction portion (161), thereby defining a cylindrical region of the cap (16) having a relatively reduced thickness with respect to the cap body (160).
- the third thickness (t3) of the joint (17) measured in the axial direction is smaller than the fourth thickness (t4) of the cap body (160) measured in the axial direction.
- a joint outer surface (171) is provided that radially faces the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the joint outer surface (171) radially contacts the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- a collector plate abutment surface (173) is provided on the bottom surface of the joint portion (17) of the cap (16) that axially faces and abuts the cap abutment surface (326) of the can connection portion (324) of the second collector plate (32).
- the thickness reduction portion (161) By appropriately selecting the position where the thickness reduction portion (161) is provided, at least a portion of the thickness reduction portion (161) can be brought into contact with the second collector plate (32). Then, in the process of inserting the cap (16) into the open end of the side wall member (11), the thickness reduction portion (161) of the cap (16) can be brought into contact with the second collector plate (32), and the center of the cap (16) can be aligned with the central longitudinal axis of the second collector plate (32).
- the thickness reduction portion (161) was placed at a position corresponding to the position where the second bend portion (328) of the second collector plate (32) is formed in the radial direction, so as to enjoy this alignment effect.
- the thickness reduction portion (161) is implemented in the form of an inclined surface that extends axially outward as it goes radially outward to enhance the alignment effect.
- the first embodiment also provided an inclined surface shape to the second collector plate (32) through the surface shape of the second folded portion (328) of the second collector plate (32).
- the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) and the mating outer surface (325) of the second collector plate (32) are each in contact with the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the lower portion along the periphery of the second collector plate (32) in the axial direction is in contact with the inner diameter extension portion (113) of the side wall member (11).
- the cap abutment surface (326) provided on the upper portion of the second collector plate (32) in the axial direction is in contact with the collector plate abutment surface (173) provided on the lower portion of the joint portion (17) of the cap (16).
- the axial position of the upper portion of the side wall member (11) can correspond to the axial position of the upper surface of the cap (16).
- the first height (h1) of the section provided axially outside the inner diameter expansion portion (113) of the side wall member (11) can correspond to the sum of the third thickness (t3) of the joint portion (17) of the cap (16) and the fifth thickness (t5) of the can connection portion (324) of the second collector plate (32).
- the axial end of the inner surface of the side wall member (11) and the outer surface of the cap (16) that are radially opposed to each other are exposed to the outside of the battery cell.
- the cap (16) can be welded to the can (10) by a laser irradiated from the axial outer side of the battery cell to the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) and the axial end of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the laser can be prevented from being irradiated into the inner space of the can through a gap that may exist between the side wall member (11) and the cap (16).
- the inner diameter expansion portion (113) of the side wall member (11) also prevents internal penetration of laser that may enter through the gap between the side wall member (11) and the cap (16) or the side wall member (11) and the second collector plate (32).
- the second collector plate (32) may be made of a material having a higher thermal conductivity than the side wall member (11). In addition, the second collector plate (32) is in contact with the side wall member (11). Therefore, when the welding heat generated in the side wall member (11) by the laser is conducted along the axial direction of the side wall member (11), the welding heat is distributed across the upper portion of the electrode assembly (20) through the second collector plate (32), thereby preventing the phenomenon in which the welding heat is transmitted to the separator portion of the electrode assembly (20) and damages the separator.
- the second collector plate (32) is also in contact with the cap (16). Accordingly, heat generated in the cap (16) by the laser or resistance welding is distributed and transmitted through the second collector plate (32). Then, when the abutting portion of the cap (16) and the side wall member (11) is heated by the laser, the side wall member (11) may be heated first and melted.
- the second thickness (t2) of the side wall member (11) may be 0.25 mm or more.
- the second thickness (t2) may be 0.35 mm.
- the cap (16) has the strength to support it. If the cap (16) is too thin, when the pressure inside the can (10) is high, excessive bulging occurs in which the cap (16) swells in the shape of a spherical surface profile, which deteriorates the durability of the battery cell. In order to resist such bulging deformation, it is important that the cap (16) secure a certain thickness.
- the thickness of the cap (16) is excessively thick compared to the side wall member (11), only the side wall member (11) is melted first during laser welding, which significantly reduces the welding processability.
- the axial length of the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) where welding is to be performed also increases.
- the embodiment discloses a cap (16) having a structure in which the third thickness (t3) of the joint (17) to be welded with the side wall member (11) and the fourth thickness (t4) of the cap body (160) to be resistant to bulging are different.
- the thicker the fourth thickness (t4) the higher the resistance to bulging, but the larger the space it occupies inside the can.
- the fourth thickness (t4) be as small as possible within the required bulging resistance range.
- the fourth thickness (t4) of the cap body (160) occupying most of the cap (16) is preferably larger than the third thickness (t3) in order to minimize deformation of the cap (16) due to the internal pressure of the can (10).
- the thickness dimension of the weld along the axial direction is also minimized so that the weld (W) is reliably formed over the entire axial direction of the joint outer surface (171). Accordingly, the strength of the cap (16) itself is increased, and the bonding strength of the cap (16) to the side wall member (11) is also increased.
- the ratio of the third thickness (t3) to the fourth thickness (t4) may be preferably 0.4 to 0.8, more preferably 0.5 to 0.75. If the ratio is less than the above range, there is a concern that the cap body (160) may become excessively thick without increasing the bulging resistance and/or the strength of the weld may become insufficient. If the ratio exceeds the above range, the bulging resistance of the cap body (160) may become insufficient and/or it may become difficult to weld the outer circumferential joint surface (171) of the cap (16) along the entire axial direction.
- the radial position of the thickness reduction portion (161) is positioned as close to the welding area as possible, so that the area of the cap body (160) that resists bulging can be secured as much as possible.
- a guide function that aligns the center of the cap (16) while making contact with the second collector plate (32) can also be provided.
- the third thickness (t3) of the joint (17) of the cap (16) may be set to be greater than the second thickness (t2) of the side wall member (11).
- the third thickness (t3) may be 1 to 2 times greater than the second thickness (t2).
- the third thickness (t3) may be 0.5 mm or in a range of 0.5 to 0.7 mm.
- the third thickness (t3) exceeds twice the second thickness (t2), there is a risk that the side wall member (11) may melt excessively before the cap (16) melts during the process of forming the weld.
- the third thickness (t3) exceeds twice the second thickness (t2), there is a risk that the weld may not be formed over the entire axial direction of the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16).
- the third thickness (t3) is less than one time the second thickness (t2), that is, if the second thickness (t2) is greater than the third thickness (t3), it is difficult to secure strength at the edge portion of the cap (16), and also it is difficult to secure sufficient lateral step dimensions of the inner diameter expansion portion (113) of the side wall member (11) without increasing the overall thickness (t1) of the side wall member (11).
- the battery cell of the first embodiment can have a first welding part (W1) and a second welding part (W2).
- first welds (W1) may be formed at multiple locations spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) and the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the above first welding portion (W1) may be a portion where the side wall member (11), the cap (16), and the second collector plate (32) are melted and joined together. That is, unlike a general provisional welding-main welding process, the provisional welding process of the first embodiment not only temporarily fixes the position of the cap (16) before the main welding, but also has the effect of omitting the process of separately welding the second collector plate (32) to the side wall member (11) before covering the open end of the side wall member (11) with the cap (16) by welding the cap (16), the side wall member (11), and the second collector plate (32) at the same time during the provisional welding process.
- the above first welding portions (W1) can be arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
- the first welding portion (W1) may be provided in three or more locations.
- the first welding portion (W1) may be provided in four locations.
- the above first welding part (W1) may be formed by spot welding, similar to conventional welding, by illuminating a point with a laser without scanning it.
- the first weld part (W1) is formed by scanning welding in which a laser is scanned along the circumferential direction for a predetermined distance to perform welding.
- the scan distance of the laser for forming the first welding part (W1) may be 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Preferably, the scan distance may be 4 mm. If the scan distance is 0.5 mm or less, it is difficult to ensure reliable melting of the second collector plate (32). On the other hand, if the scan distance is 5 mm or more, there is a concern that excessive welding heat may be generated, and the separator (28) of the electrode assembly (20) may be damaged by the heat.
- the first welded portion (W1) of the first embodiment can be formed by performing scan welding with a higher laser output, unlike general welding using spot welding in the welding process.
- the output of such lasers can be controlled by adjusting the size of the irradiated area by adjusting the focal length of the laser. For example, even if the output of the laser generator is the same, if the area of the irradiated area of the laser is narrow, the output per unit area can be higher, and the energy density can be higher. Conversely, if the area of the irradiated area of the laser is wide, the output per unit area can be lower, and the energy density can be lower.
- the first weld can be formed by reducing the size of the irradiated area to have a high energy density (output per unit area).
- the scan speed of the laser for forming the first welding portion (W1) is set relatively fast so that high heat is concentrated at a specific point and the separator, etc. are not damaged.
- triple welding is performed by melting and attaching the entire second collector plate (32), while sufficiently lowering the internal resistance and minimizing heat generation due to triple welding, thereby preventing damage to the electrode assembly (20).
- main welding may be performed to deep weld the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer circumference (171) of the cap (16).
- the main welding process may be a process of forming a second welded portion (W2) that seals the can (10) by reliably welding at least the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer circumference (171) of the cap (16) in the entire circumferential direction.
- the second weld (W2) can be formed by lowering the output of the laser compared to the laser that welds the first weld (W1).
- the second weld can be formed by expanding the size of the irradiated area to have a relatively low energy density (output per unit area).
- the scan speed of the laser for forming the second weld (W2) is set relatively slow so that the weld pool can be formed stably. Even if the scan speed is slow, the heat generated when forming the second weld (W2) is dispersed through the second collector plate (32) made of a material with high thermal conductivity, so there is less chance of problems such as damage to the separator occurring.
- the output and scan speed of the laser can be determined to such an extent that at least the entire axial section of the joining outer circumferential surface (171) of the cap (16) can be joined to the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11). Then, even if a little more welding heat is generated, a part of the second collector plate (32) can also be melted and joined by the heat, so that the joining of the second collector plate (32) to the can (10) can be additionally performed. In addition, since the amount of welding heat generated is definitely less than when the first welding portion (W1) is formed, the phenomenon of the electrode assembly (20) being damaged can be definitely prevented.
- the second welding portion (W2) may be formed continuously along the circumferential direction. Accordingly, in a section where the first welding portion (W1) is already formed, the second welding portion (W2) may be formed to overlap the first welding portion (W1), as illustrated in FIG. 20. Accordingly, the shape of the first welding portion (W1) may be combined with the second welding portion (W2), thereby providing an appearance as if the entire body has been welded once. As illustrated in FIG. 20, the depth (i.e., distance) by which the first welding portion (W1) extends along the axial direction away from the first end or top (30) of the can (10) may be greater than the depth/distance by which the second welding portion (W2) extends away from the first end or top (30) of the can (10).
- the cross-sectional area of the first weld portion (W1) may be different from the cross-sectional area of the second weld portion (W2), particularly along a cross-section similar to Fig. 20.
- a plane defining the cross-section extends perpendicularly to the circumferential direction at a position intersecting the corresponding weld portion (W1 or W2). This plane extends parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
- the cap (16) of the second embodiment has a slightly smaller outer diameter of the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) than the cap (16) of the first embodiment. Accordingly, a slight gap (G) exists in the radial direction between the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16).
- This gap (G) becomes a path through which the laser for welding can directly reach the second collector plate (32). Accordingly, even with a lower laser output than in the first embodiment, it is possible to form a first welding part (W1) in which triple welding is performed and a second welding part (W2) in which deep welding is performed.
- the second folded portion (328) of the second collector plate (32) and the thickness reduction portion (161) of the cap (16) are in contact and the center alignment of the cap (16) is guided, so that the width of the gap (G) can be provided evenly in the entire circumferential direction.
- the side wall member (11) of the second embodiment may be extended longer than the side wall member (11) of the first embodiment. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, when the second collector plate (32) and the cap (16) are inserted, an overhang portion (117) is provided at the open end of the side wall member (11) that protrudes further axially outward than the cap (16).
- the overhang portion (117) may also be referred to as an extension portion of the side wall member (11).
- the first height (h1) of the section provided axially outside the inner diameter expansion portion (113) of the side wall member (11) is greater than the sum of the third thickness (t3) of the joint portion (17) of the cap (16) and the fifth thickness (t5) of the can connection portion (324) of the second collector plate (32).
- the second height (h2) of the overhang portion (117) or the extension portion of the side wall member may be the length obtained by subtracting the third thickness (t3) and the fifth thickness (t5) from the first height (h1).
- the above overhang (117) can delay the melting point of the relatively thin side wall member (11) to reduce the difference in melting points between the side wall member (11) and the cap (16), and can be melted into the welding area of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) during the welding process.
- the diameter of the joint outer circumference (171) of the cap (16) can be made slightly smaller than the diameter of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) adjacent to the joint outer circumference (171).
- the concept that two objects are 'adjacent' means that the two objects are spaced closely together compared to their outer dimensions, and that there is no separate intervening object between the two objects within the relevant plane (i.e., the radial plane perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis). Since the diameter of the joint outer circumference (171) of the cap (16) is slightly smaller than the diameter of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11), a small gap is defined between these two components.
- This gap can serve as a passage through which the welding laser can be directly irradiated to the second collector plate (32).
- such a gap can have an overall uniform radial width along the circumference of the cap (16) due to the center of the cap (16) being aligned by at least the interaction between the thickness-reduced portion (161) of the cap (16) and the second collector plate (32), as described above.
- the material of the overhang (117) penetrates into the gap between the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) and the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) to join the cap (16) and the side wall member (11).
- the height (h2) of the overhang (117) is 0.2 mm, while the thickness (t3) of the joint (17) of the cap (16) is 0.5 mm.
- the thickness (t2) of the overhang (117) is 0.35 mm, sufficient molten material is provided during the welding process, so that a strong joint can be formed between the cap (16) and the side wall member (11).
- the ratio of the height (h2) of the overhang to the thickness (t3) of the joint (17) may preferably be in the range of 0.2 to 1.
- the first welding portion (W1) is formed by intermittently welding together the second inner surface (115) portion of the side wall member (11), the joint outer surface (171) portion of the cap (16), and the can connection portion (324) portion of the second collector plate (32) along the circumferential direction.
- the overhang portion (117) is completely melted and can be welded into the abutting portion of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11), the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16), and the can connection portion (324) of the second collector plate (32) to fill at least the gap (G) as shown in FIG. 25.
- the second welding portion (W2) is formed by melting at least the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) over the entire circumferential direction.
- the overhang portion (117) is completely melted and can be melted into the gap (G) between the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16), as shown in FIG. 26. Accordingly, the height of the battery cell can be determined by the outer surface of the cap (16). That is, according to the second embodiment, since the overhang portion (117) and the welding portion do not regulate the height of the battery cell, the height dimension of the battery cell can be managed to be constant as a result.
- the outer surface (171) of the joint of the cap (16) of the third embodiment may have large-diameter sections (171a) and small-diameter sections (171b) having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter sections (171a) alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the large-diameter section (171a) of the joint outer surface (171) can face and contact the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) in the radial direction
- the small-diameter section (171b) can face the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) in the radial direction with a gap (G).
- the outer diameter of the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) is alternately arranged in a section corresponding to the outer diameter of the mating outer surface (325) of the second collector plate (32) in the circumferential direction, and a section smaller than the outer diameter of the mating outer surface (325) of the second collector plate (32).
- the large-diameter section (171a) aligns the center position of the cap (16) with respect to the side wall member (11) during the process of inserting the cap (16) and in the state of inserting the cap (16).
- the small-diameter section (171b) has a gap (G) with respect to the side wall member (11). That is, when the cap (16) is manufactured as in the third embodiment, the center alignment of the cap (16) is easy, and welding is possible with a relatively low-power laser compared to the first embodiment.
- first welding part (W1) when forming the first welding part (W1), if the first welding part (W1) is formed in the gap (G) area where the small diameter section (171b) is formed, triple welding is possible even with a lower output laser, so that the amount of heat generated by triple welding can be suppressed.
- the generation of welding heat can be minimized while performing triple welding including the second collector plate, the number of man-hours does not increase due to triple welding in the preliminary welding process, the internal resistance can be sufficiently reduced, and the seam welding can be performed reliably by the main welding while the position of the cap is accurately fixed by the preliminary welding, so that the weldability can be improved by securing sealing force without perforation or leakage despite the wide range of the welding process, and the process stability can be improved by preventing thermal damage to the components of the cell or the separator due to the welding heat, and the dimensional stability or bulging resistance can be secured by suppressing dimensional deformation according to the internal pressure, thereby improving durability.
- a can (10) with a first electrode terminal (13) fixed to a bottom member (12) is prepared, and an electrode assembly (20) with a first collector plate (31) and a second collector plate (32) joined to each of the axial ends is prepared.
- the electrode assembly (20) is inserted and accommodated in the can (10) with the first collector plate (31) facing the bottom member (12). Then, the second collector plate (32) is positioned toward the open end of the can (10). In the process of accommodating the electrode assembly (20) in the can (10), the mating outer surface (325) of the can connection portion (324) provided at the radial outer edge of the second collector plate (32) is brought into contact with the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11).
- the adhesion of the second collector plate (32) to the inner surface of the side wall member (11) can be secured, and the insertion depth of the second collector plate (32) can be regulated.
- the electrolyte is injected into the can (10).
- the open end of the side wall member (11) is covered with a cap (16), and the outer surface of the joint (171) and the plate mating surface (173) provided at the edge of the cap (16) are made to face or contact the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the cap mating surface (326) of the second plate (32), respectively.
- the thickness reduction portion (161) in the form of an inclined surface provided on the axial inner surface of the cap (16) can be brought into contact with the second collector plate (32) to align the center of the cap (16).
- a laser is irradiated to the abutting portion of the second inner surface (115) of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) from the axial outer side of the battery cell in the axial direction to perform welding.
- the overhang (117) of the side wall member (11) that protrudes further axially outward than the cap (16) can be welded into the welding area between the inner surface of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16).
- a laser is irradiated to the abutting portion of the inner surface of the side wall member (11) and the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16) from the axial outer side in the axial direction at multiple locations spaced apart along the circumferential direction, thereby forming multiple first welding portions (W1) by welding together the inner surface of the side wall member (11), the joint outer surface (171) of the cap (16), and the can connection portion (324) of the current collector (32).
- the laser of the above welding process has an energy density of the first output or the first density and scans a predetermined section at a first speed.
- a laser is radially irradiated to the abutting portion of the inner surface of the side wall member (11) and the outer surface of the joint (171) of the cap (16) in the axial direction continuously along the circumferential direction, thereby forming a second welding portion (W2) in which at least the inner surface of the side wall member (11) and the outer surface of the joint (171) of the cap (16) are welded together.
- the laser of the above welding process has an intensity of a second output lower than the first output, or an energy density of a second density lower than the first density.
- the laser of the above welding process is scanned along the entire circumference at a second speed that is slower than the first speed.
- the main welding process is important for sealing, and thus, stability can be secured by forming a uniform weld pool in the main welding process. Accordingly, the second speed of the laser in the main welding process relative to the second output may be slower than the first speed of the laser in the pre-welding process relative to the first output.
- FIG. 30 another example of a method for manufacturing the battery cell described above will be described.
- This is a method for manufacturing a battery cell using a cap equipped with a liquid injection port.
- the order is different in that, before injecting electrolyte into the can, preliminary welding of the side wall member, the cap, and the second current collector plate and main welding of the side wall member and the cap are first performed, and then electrolyte is injected into the liquid injection port of the cap, and then the liquid injection port is sealed with a stopper.
- the cap is welded to the can before pouring the electrolyte into the can, the welding heat does not affect the electrolyte.
- the battery cell (72) manufactured through the welding structure and welding process described above can be accommodated in the housing (71) of the battery pack (70) as illustrated in Fig. 31.
- the battery pack (70) may be configured using a battery module, which is an intermediate form of assembly, or the battery pack (70) may be configured directly without a battery module as illustrated.
- the battery cell (72) described above has a large volume in itself, there is no particular difficulty in implementing the battery pack (70) even without using an intermediate structure called a battery module.
- the battery cell (72) has a lower internal resistance and a higher energy density. Accordingly, the energy density of the battery pack (70) equipped with the battery cell (72) can be implemented even higher.
- the battery pack (70) with the energy density increased in this way can store the same amount of energy while reducing its volume and load. Therefore, if the battery pack (70) to which the battery cell (72) is applied is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile (80) that uses electricity as an energy source as shown in Fig. 32, the mileage of the vehicle can be further increased in proportion to the energy consumed.
- the associated battery cells need not have a circular cross-sectional profile orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis, but may instead utilize other cross-sectional shapes, including oval, square, rectangular, part-circular, etc.
- the central longitudinal axis need not be oriented orthogonal to the bottom member and/or cap at each opposing end.
- the sidewall members of the can (together with the internal components of the can) may form a tube extending along an axis oriented obliquely relative to the plane defined by the bottom member and/or cap.
- the welding techniques disclosed herein may also be utilized outside the scope of cylindrical battery cans, and may also be applied to batteries having, for example, prismatic and pouch-shaped form factors.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 내부 용적을 둘러싸고 중심 길이방향 축을 따른 제1 단부에서 내부 용적에 대한 개구를 규정하는 측벽을 구비하는 캔;상기 캔의 내부 용적에 수용된 전극조립체;상기 전극조립체의 전극에 전기적으로 연결된 집전판; 및상기 내부 용적을 막도록 상기 캔의 개구를 덮는 캡;을 포함하고,상기 집전판은, 상기 캔과 전기적으로 연결되도록, 상기 측벽과 접하는 둘레부를 구비하고,상기 개구를 따르는 측벽, 상기 캡의 가장자리, 및 상기 집전판의 둘레부가 복수의 제1 용접부 각각을 따라 모두 함께 용접되고, 상기 복수의 제1 용접부는 상기 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레방향을 따라 상호 이격 배치되고, 상기 개구를 따르는 측벽과 캡의 가장자리는 상기 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레 전체를 따라 실질적으로 연속적으로 연장된 제2 용접부를 따라 함께 용접된, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,적어도 제2 용접부의 일부가 복수의 제1 용접부와 중첩된, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,둘레방향에 수직하게 연장되는 각 평면에 의해 규정되는 각 제1 용접부의 단면은, 상기 각 평면에 의해 규정되는 제2 용접부의 단면보다 넓은, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 중심 길이방향 축에 평행하게 연장되는 축방향을 따라, 상기 캔의 상기 제1단부로부터 축방향으로 멀어지도록 연장되는 복수의 제1 용접부의 깊이는, 상기 캔의 상기 제1단부로부터 축방향으로 멀어지도록 연장되는 제2 용접부의 깊이보다 더 깊은, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 집전판의 둘레부의 외경은, 상기 캡의 반경방향 외면의 외경과 대응하는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리는 반경방향으로 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 마주하며 접하는 접합외주면을 구비하는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 집전판의 외경은 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면의 외경보다 큰, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리는, 상기 측벽의 내면과 간극을 사이에 두고 반경방향으로 마주하는 접합외주면을 구비하는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,용접 영역은 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면 및 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면 사이의 간극 내로 연장되는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리는 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 마주하는 반경방향 외면을 구비하고, 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면의 적어도 제1 부분은 상기 집전판의 둘레부의 외경에 대응하는 제1 직경을 가지고, 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면의 적어도 제2 부분은 상기 집전판의 둘레부의 외경보다 작은 제2 직경을 가지는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 10에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면은, 상기 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레방향을 따라 교대로 배치된 2 이상의 상기 제1 부분과 2 이상의 상기 제2 부분을 구비하는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 1 내지 4 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리는 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 마주하는 반경방향 외면을 구비하고, 상기 반경방향 외면은 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레방향으로 서로 번갈아 배치되는 복수의 대경부 및 복수의 소경부를 구비하고, 상기 복수의 소경부는 상기 복수의 대경부보다 더 작은 직경을 가지는, 배터리 셀.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면의 대경부는 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 접하고, 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면의 소경부는 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면으로부터 이격된, 배터리 셀.
- 캔의 개구 내에서 상호 적층되는 조립 위치에 캡과 집전판을 배치하되, 상기 조립 위치에서, 상기 집전판이 상기 캔의 내부 용적 내에 수용된 전극조립체에 전기적으로 연결되고 상기 집전판의 둘레부가 상기 개구를 둘러싸는 상기 캔의 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 접하며, 상기 캡이 상기 집전판보다 상기 전극조립체로부터 더 멀리 배치되도록 상기 캡이 상기 캔의 중심 길이방향 축을 따라 상기 집전판의 위에 배치되도록 하는 단계;상기 개구를 따르는 상기 캔의 측벽, 상기 캡의 가장자리, 및 상기 집전판의 둘레부가 모두 함께 용접되어 상호 간의 위치가 유지되도록 복수의 제1 용접부를 형성하되, 상기 제1 용접부가 상기 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레방향을 따라 상호 이격되도록 형성하는 단계; 및상기 개구를 따르는 캔의 측벽 및 상기 캡의 가장자리가 함께 용접되도록 제2 용접부를 형성하되, 상기 캔의 상기 개구를 밀봉하도록 상기 중심 길이방향 축에 대한 둘레방향 전체를 따라 실질적으로 연속적으로 연장되는 제2 용접부를 형성하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 제1 용접부를 형성하는 단계는, 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면 사이에 레이저가 향하도록 하는 것을 포함하는, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 15에 있어서,상기 제2 용접부를 형성하는 단계는, 상기 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 상기 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면을 따라 연속적으로 레이저를 조사하는 것을 포함하는, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 16에 있어서,복수의 제1 용접부를 형성할 때 조사되는 레이저의 출력 또는 에너지 밀도는 각각, 상기 제2 용접부를 형성할 때 조사되는 레이저의 출력 또는 에너지 밀도보다 높은, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 16 또는 17에 있어서,복수의 제1 용접부를 형성할 때 둘레방향으로 상기 레이저가 움직이는 속도가, 상기 제2 용접부를 형성할 때 둘레방향으로 상기 레이저가 움직이는 속도보다 더 빠른, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14 또는 15에 있어서,상기 제2 용접부를 형성하는 단계는, 롤러 전극을 이용한 저항 용접을 포함하는, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14 내지 17 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,복수의 제1 용접부를 형성하는 것과, 제2 용접부를 형성하는 것은, 중심 길이방향 축에 평행하게 연장되는 축방향을 따라 상기 캡보다 더 상향 돌출되는 측벽의 연장부의 소재를 용융하여, 상기 소재가 측벽의 반경방향 내면과 캡의 가장자리의 반경방향 외면 사이로 용입되도록 하는 것을 포함하는, 배터리 셀의 제조 방법.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR20230074474 | 2023-06-09 | ||
| KR10-2023-0074474 | 2023-06-09 | ||
| KR10-2023-0135320 | 2023-10-11 | ||
| KR1020230135320A KR20240174801A (ko) | 2023-06-09 | 2023-10-11 | 전지 캔과 집전판과 캡의 용접 구조 및 이를 적용한 배터리 셀 |
| KR1020240070118A KR102885914B1 (ko) | 2023-06-09 | 2024-05-29 | 전지 캔과 집전판과 캡의 용접 구조 및 이를 적용한 배터리 셀 |
| KR10-2024-0070118 | 2024-05-29 |
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| WO2024253386A1 true WO2024253386A1 (ko) | 2024-12-12 |
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| US (1) | US20240413440A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4475294A1 (ko) |
| CN (2) | CN222720621U (ko) |
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| ES3050123T3 (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2025-12-19 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Method for the production of a motor vehicle component |
| CN119304606B (zh) * | 2024-12-17 | 2025-03-18 | 常州市蓝托金属制品有限公司 | 一种组合式航空铝壳体组装用焊接加工系统及方法 |
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| KR101073891B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-10-17 | 김재봉 | 원통형 이차전지 |
| JP5475206B1 (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-04-16 | 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 | 角形二次電池 |
| WO2015072010A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 角形電池 |
| KR20230013502A (ko) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차전지 |
| KR20230048005A (ko) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-10 | 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 씨오., 리미티드 | 전지 셀 및 그의 제조 방법, 제조 시스템, 전지 및 전기 장치 |
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| KR101073891B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-10-17 | 김재봉 | 원통형 이차전지 |
| JP5475206B1 (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-04-16 | 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 | 角形二次電池 |
| WO2015072010A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 角形電池 |
| KR20230013502A (ko) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차전지 |
| KR20230048005A (ko) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-10 | 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 씨오., 리미티드 | 전지 셀 및 그의 제조 방법, 제조 시스템, 전지 및 전기 장치 |
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| CN119108766A (zh) | 2024-12-10 |
| DE202024103619U1 (de) | 2024-08-08 |
| EP4475294A1 (en) | 2024-12-11 |
| CN222720621U (zh) | 2025-04-04 |
| US20240413440A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
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