WO2024251053A1 - 电芯及电池 - Google Patents

电芯及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024251053A1
WO2024251053A1 PCT/CN2024/096828 CN2024096828W WO2024251053A1 WO 2024251053 A1 WO2024251053 A1 WO 2024251053A1 CN 2024096828 W CN2024096828 W CN 2024096828W WO 2024251053 A1 WO2024251053 A1 WO 2024251053A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
battery cell
top surface
battery
cover plate
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/096828
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄金海
舒宽金
贺孝武
李泽标
王俊敏
何巍
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Eve Power Co Ltd
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Eve Power Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Eve Power Co Ltd filed Critical Eve Power Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024251053A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024251053A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell and a battery.
  • an insulating film is often applied to the outer surface of the core package to reduce the possibility of powder falling from the core package and escaping from the sides of the core package and the gap between the core package and the cover plate assembly to the contact shell.
  • the cover plate assembly has been assembled and connected to the top surface of the core package facing the cover plate assembly during lamination, in order not to affect the assembly connection relationship between the core package and the cover plate assembly, the top surface of the existing core package is not covered with an insulating film, resulting in powder falling off the core package and escaping from the top surface of the core package to contact the shell, thereby causing electrochemical corrosion of the shell.
  • the present application provides a battery cell.
  • the battery cell is used in a battery, and the battery cell includes a core pack and a first insulating film.
  • the core pack has a top surface and a side surface connected to the top surface, the top surface faces the cover plate assembly of the battery, and the pole ear of the core pack extends from the side surface;
  • the first insulating film includes a top film and a side film, the top film covers the top surface, the top film is provided with a plurality of liquid seepage holes in a spaced array, the side film is connected to the periphery of the top film, and the side film covers part of the side surface.
  • the present application also provides a battery, which includes a cover plate assembly, a shell, and the battery cell as described above, wherein one side of the shell has an opening, the battery cell is disposed in the shell, and the top surface of the battery cell is close to the opening, and the cover plate assembly covers the opening.
  • the battery cell provided by the present application is provided with a top film of a first insulating film on the top surface of the core package facing the cover plate assembly, so as to alleviate the problem of powder falling off the core package and escaping from the top surface facing the cover plate assembly to the contact shell through the top film, and because the first insulating film is directly provided on the core package, in other words, the top film of the first insulating film is provided on the top surface of the core package before the core package and the cover plate assembly are assembled and connected, so the provision of the first insulating film does not affect the assembly connection between the core package and the cover plate assembly.
  • the battery provided in the present application by providing the above-mentioned battery cells, can reduce the possibility of powder falling from the core pack and contacting the shell, causing electrochemical corrosion of the shell, thereby improving the service life and safety of the battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a battery cell provided in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a battery cell provided in an embodiment.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of a battery cell provided in an embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of point M in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a battery provided in an embodiment.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of a battery provided in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the cover plate assembly, the battery cell and the second insulating film provided in the embodiment.
  • Battery cell 10. Core package; 100. Top surface; 100a. Long edge; 100b. Wide edge; 101. Side; 102. Ear; 103. Bottom surface; 11. First insulating film; 110. Liquid seepage hole; 111. Top film; 112. Side film; 112a. First film body; 112b. Second film body; 112c. Avoidance recess; 2. Battery; 20. Cover plate assembly; 21. Shell; 210. Opening; 22. Second insulating film.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, and the first feature having a higher horizontal height than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, and the first feature having a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front”, “rear” and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.
  • the terms “first” and “second” are used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 1, which is applied to a battery.
  • the battery cell 1 includes a core pack 10 and a first insulating film 11.
  • the core pack 10 has a top surface 100 and a side surface 101 connected to the top surface 100, the top surface 100 faces the cover assembly of the battery, the pole ear 102 of the core pack 10 extends from the side surface 101, and the first insulating film 11 includes a top film 111 and a side film 112, the top film 111 covers the top surface 100, and the top film 111 is provided with a plurality of seepage holes 110 in a spaced array, the side film 112 is connected to the periphery of the top film 111, and the side film 112 covers part of the side surface 101.
  • the problem of powder falling off the core package 10 and escaping from the top surface 100 facing the cover plate assembly to the contact shell can be alleviated through the top film 111.
  • the first insulating film 11 is directly set on the core package 10, in other words, the top film 111 of the first insulating film 11 is set on the top surface 100 of the core package 10 before the core package 10 is assembled and connected with the cover plate assembly, the setting of the first insulating film 11 does not affect the assembly connection between the core package 10 and the cover plate assembly.
  • the possibility of the top film 111 warping can be reduced, so that the first insulating film 11 is more firmly attached to the core package 10 .
  • the first insulating film 11 can be bonded to the top surface 100 by gluing (for example, by acrylic glue). On the one hand, this can reduce the gap between the top film 111 and the top surface 100, thereby reducing the possibility of powder from the battery cell 1 escaping from between the top film 111 and the top surface 100. On the other hand, it can make the first insulating film 11 as a whole disposed on the core package 10 more stable.
  • the liquid seepage hole 110 may be a hole of various shapes such as a circular hole, a square hole, a pentagonal hole or a hexagonal hole, and the liquid seepage hole 110 may have an outer envelope hole diameter D. It can be understood that the smaller the outer envelope hole diameter D is, the more difficult it is for the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the seepage hole 110, but the effect of the top film 111 in preventing the core package 10 from falling off and escaping from the top surface 100 of the cover plate assembly is better.
  • the outer envelope hole diameter D The larger the outer envelope hole diameter D is, the smaller the difficulty of the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the seepage hole 110, but the effect of the top film 111 in preventing the core package 10 from falling off and escaping from the top surface 100 of the cover plate assembly is worse. Based on this, the outer envelope hole diameter D cannot be too small or too large.
  • the outer envelope hole diameter D satisfies: 0.1mm ⁇ D ⁇ 3mm.
  • the outer envelope hole diameter D of the seepage hole 110 can be: 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm or 3mm, etc.
  • the opening number density of the plurality of seepage holes 110 opened in the top film 111 is P.
  • the smaller the opening number density P the more difficult it is for the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the seepage holes 110, but the possibility that the core package 10 drops powder and escapes from the seepage holes 110 is smaller.
  • the larger the opening number density P the smaller the difficulty for the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the seepage holes 110, but the possibility that the core package 10 drops powder and escapes from the seepage holes 110 is larger.
  • the opening number density P cannot be too small or too large.
  • the opening number density P can satisfy: 10/ 100mm2 ⁇ P ⁇ 40 / 100mm2 .
  • the opening number density P can be: 10/100mm2, 15/ 100mm2 , 20/ 100mm2 , 25/ 100mm2 , 30/ 100mm2 , 35pcs/ 100mm2 or 40pcs/100mm2, etc.
  • the top surface 100 may have an area S1
  • the surface area of the top film 111 with a plurality of liquid seepage holes 110 may have an area S2, wherein the units of the area S1 and the area S2 are both mm 2 , and the smaller the ratio S2/S1 of the area S2 to the area S1, the more difficult it is for the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the liquid seepage holes 110, but the smaller the possibility that the core package 10 drops powder and escapes from the liquid seepage holes 110, and the larger the ratio S2/S1, the smaller the difficulty for the electrolyte to enter the core package 10 through the liquid seepage holes 110, but the larger the possibility that the core package 10 drops powder and escapes from the liquid seepage holes 110, based on this, the area S2 and the area S1 are The ratio S2/S1 cannot be too small or too large.
  • the ratio S2/S1 of area S2 to area S1 may satisfy: 0.05 ⁇ S2/S1 ⁇ 0.4.
  • S2/S1 may be: 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35 or 0.4, etc.
  • the aforementioned “surface area of the top film 111 having multiple liquid permeation holes 110” refers to the area where the multiple liquid permeation holes 110 are arranged on the surface of one side of the top film 111. Therefore, the aforementioned “area S2” is equivalent to the total area occupied by the multiple liquid permeation holes 110 on the surface of one side of the top film 111.
  • the inventor has found through research that the powder of the core package 10 is most likely to escape from the side surface 101 where the tab 102 is located, and then enter the connection between the side surface 101 and the top surface 100 through the side surface 101 to escape from the top surface 100. Based on this, the powder-falling blocking effect of the first insulating film 11 can be improved by strengthening the powder-falling blocking performance of the portion of the first insulating film 11 located at the edge of the top surface 100.
  • the top surface 100 may be substantially rectangular.
  • the edge of the top surface 100 includes two opposite long edges 100a and two opposite wide edges 100b.
  • the distance between the seepage hole 110 and any one of the long edges 100a is a (that is, the distance between the seepage hole 110 and the edge of the top film 111 connected to any one of the long edges 100a is a).
  • the distance a may satisfy: a ⁇ 2.5 mm.
  • the distance a may be 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm or 20 mm, etc., so that on one hand, the seepage hole 110 There is a certain spacing distance between the long edge 100a, so that the portion of the first insulating film 11 close to the long edge 100a has better powder falling blocking performance.
  • the minimum value of the distance a is small, so that there can be a certain area between the two opposite long edges 100a of the top surface 100 for the liquid seepage hole 110 to be set.
  • the distance between the seepage hole 110 and any wide edge 100b is b (that is, the distance between the seepage hole 110 and the edge of the top film 111 connected to any wide edge 100b is b), and the distance b may satisfy: b ⁇ 15.5mm, for example, the distance b may be 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm or 50mm, etc., so that there is a larger spacing distance between the seepage hole 110 and the wide edge 100b, so that the portion of the first insulating film 11 close to the wide edge 100b has better powder falling blocking performance.
  • the side film 112 may have a width c.
  • the width c may satisfy: c ⁇ 3 mm.
  • the width c may be 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm or 20 mm, etc.
  • the side film 112 may include two first film bodies 112a and two second film bodies 112b, the two first film bodies 112a are respectively connected to the two long edges 100a, and the two second film bodies 112b are respectively connected to the two wide edges 100b, so as to achieve an anti-warping effect on the long edges 100a through the first film bodies 112a, and achieve an anti-warping effect on the wide edges 100b through the second film bodies 112b.
  • the inventors have found through research that since the length of the long edge 100a is longer, the connection of the top film 111 at the long edge 100a is more prone to warping, while the length of the wide edge 100b is shorter, so the connection of the top film 111 at the wide edge 100b is less prone to warping.
  • the first film body 112a may have a width c1
  • the second film body 112b may have a width c2, c1>c2, so that the first film body 112a can have a better anti-warping effect than the second film body 112b, so that the first film body 112a and the second film body 112b can respectively achieve anti-warping effects that meet the use requirements for the long edge 100a and the wide edge 100b, while also saving the material used by the first insulating film 11, making the structure of the first insulating film 11 more economical and reasonable.
  • the width c1 of the first film body 112a and the width c2 of the second film body 112b can both meet the width requirement of the side film 112, that is, satisfy: c1>c2 ⁇ 3mm, so that the first film body 112a and the second film body 112b have a more stable anti-warping effect on the top film 111.
  • the side film 112 may be formed with an avoidance recess 112c, and the tab 102 extends from the side 101 through the avoidance recess 112c to avoid interference between the side film 112 and the tab 102, causing the side film 112 to affect the electrical connection between the tab 102 and the battery cover assembly.
  • the pole ear 102 of the core package 10 extends from the side 101 connected to the wide edge 100b.
  • the side film 112 includes two first film bodies 112a and two second film bodies 112b, by making the width c1 of the first film body 112a and the width c2 of the second film body 112b satisfy c1>c2, the aforementioned avoidance recess 112c can be formed between the second film body 112b and the two opposite first film bodies 112a to avoid the structure of the pole ear 102.
  • the present application further provides a battery 2, comprising a cover plate assembly 20, a shell 21, and a battery cell 1 as provided in the aforementioned technical solution, wherein one side of the shell 21 has an opening 210, the battery cell 1 is disposed in the shell 21, and the top surface 100 of the battery cell 1 is close to the opening 210, and the cover plate assembly 20 covers the opening 210.
  • the outer peripheral side of the cover plate assembly 20 and the battery cell 1 as a whole and the bottom surface 103 of the battery cell 1 away from the cover plate assembly 20 may also be covered with a second insulating film 22 to prevent powder from falling off the core package 10 and escaping to the contact shell 21 from the outer peripheral side and bottom surface 103 of the core package 10 and the gap between the core package 10 and the cover plate assembly 20, thereby further alleviating the problem of electrochemical corrosion of the shell 21 and improving the service life and safety of the battery 2.

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  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

一种电芯（1）及电池（2），该电芯（1）用于电池（2），该电芯（1）包括芯包（10）以及第一绝缘膜（11）。芯包（10）具有顶面（100）以及连接于顶面（100）的侧面（101），顶面（100）朝向电池（2）的盖板组件（20），芯包（10）的极耳（102）自侧面（101）伸出，第一绝缘膜（11）包括顶膜（111）以及侧膜（112），顶膜（111）覆盖于顶面（100），顶膜（111）开设有间隔阵列的多个渗液孔（110），侧膜（112）连接于顶膜（111）的外周，侧膜（112）覆盖于部分侧面（101）。

Description

电芯及电池
本申请要求在2023年06月08日提交中国专利局、申请号为202321455632.8的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电芯及电池。
 背景技术
相关技术中往往在将芯包与盖板组件相装配连接后，对芯包的外表面包覆绝缘膜，以降低芯包掉粉，并从芯包的侧面以及芯包与盖板组件之间的间隙处逃逸至接触壳体的可能性。
 发明概述
但是，由于在覆膜时，盖板组件已经装配连接于芯包的朝向盖板组件的顶面一侧，为了不影响芯包与盖板组件的装配连接关系，现有的芯包的顶面一侧不覆盖有绝缘膜，导致电池存在芯包掉粉并从芯包的顶面逃逸至接触壳体，进而导致壳体发生电化学腐蚀的情况。
本申请提供了一种电芯。电芯用于电池，电芯包括芯包以及第一绝缘膜。其中，芯包具有顶面以及连接于顶面的侧面，顶面朝向电池的盖板组件，芯包的极耳自侧面伸出；第一绝缘膜包括顶膜以及侧膜，顶膜覆盖于顶面，顶膜开设有间隔阵列的多个渗液孔，侧膜连接于顶膜的外周，侧膜覆盖于部分侧面。
本申请还提供一种电池。电池包括盖板组件、壳体和如上所述的电芯，壳体的一侧具有开口，电芯设于壳体内，且电芯的顶面靠近于开口，盖板组件封盖开口。
有益效果
本申请提供的电芯，通过在芯包的朝向盖板组件的顶面设置第一绝缘膜的顶膜，以通过顶膜实现缓解芯包掉粉并从朝向盖板组件的顶面逃逸至接触壳体的问题，并且由于是在芯包直接设置第一绝缘膜，换言之，是在芯包与盖板组件相装配连接之前，在芯包的顶面设置第一绝缘膜的顶膜，因此该第一绝缘膜的设置不影响芯包与盖板组件的装配连接。通过在第一绝缘膜的顶膜开设间隔阵列的多个渗液孔，以供电解液通过渗液孔进入芯包内部，能够避免因在顶面设置第一绝缘膜而阻碍芯包的注液的情况。
本申请提供的电池，通过设置上述的电芯，能够降低芯包掉粉接触壳体，导致壳体发生电化学腐蚀的可能性，提升电池的使用寿命以及使用安全性。
 附图说明
图1 为实施例提供的电芯的立体结构示意图。
图2 为实施例提供的电芯的俯视示意图。
图3 为实施例提供的电芯的结构分解示意图。
图4 为图1 中M 处的放大图。
图5 为实施例提供的电池的立体结构示意图。
图6 为实施例提供的电池的结构分解示意图。
图7 为实施例提供的盖板组件、电芯以及第二绝缘膜的结构分解示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、电芯；10、芯包；100、顶面；100a、长边缘；100b、宽边缘；101、侧面；102、极耳；103、底面；11、第一绝缘膜；110、渗液孔；111、顶膜；112、侧膜；112a、第一膜体；112b、第二膜体；112c、避让凹陷；2、电池；20、盖板组件；21、壳体；210、开口；22、第二绝缘膜。
 本发明的实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
如图1、图2 与图3 所示，本申请提供一种电芯1，该电芯1应用于电池。具体的，该电芯1包括芯包10以及第一绝缘膜11。芯包10具有顶面100以及连接于顶面100的侧面101，顶面100朝向电池的盖板组件，芯包10的极耳102自侧面101伸出，第一绝缘膜11包括顶膜111以及侧膜112，顶膜111覆盖于顶面100，顶膜111开设有间隔阵列的多个渗液孔110，侧膜112连接于顶膜111的外周，侧膜112覆盖于部分侧面101。
通过在芯包10的朝向盖板组件的顶面100设置第一绝缘膜11的顶膜111，以通过顶膜111实现缓解芯包10掉粉并从朝向盖板组件的顶面100逃逸至接触壳体的问题，并且由于是在芯包10直接设置第一绝缘膜11，换言之，是在芯包10与盖板组件相装配连接之前，在芯包10的顶面100设置第一绝缘膜11的顶膜111，因此该第一绝缘膜11的设置不影响芯包10与盖板组件的装配连接。通过在第一绝缘膜11的顶膜111开设间隔阵列的多个渗液孔110，以供电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部，能够避免因在顶面100设置第一绝缘膜11而阻碍芯包10的注液的情况。
此外，通过侧膜112来固定顶膜111的边缘，能够降低顶膜111翘边的可能性，使得第一绝缘膜11贴覆于芯包10的稳固性更高。
可选地，第一绝缘膜11可通过胶粘的方式（例如可通过亚克力胶）粘接于顶面100，一方面使顶膜111与顶面100之间的间隙小，从而减小电芯1掉粉从顶膜111与顶面100之间逃逸的可能性，另一方面，能够使第一绝缘膜11整体设置于芯包10的稳固性更高。
可选地，渗液孔110可为圆形孔、方形孔、五边形孔或六边形孔等多种形状的孔，且渗液孔110可具有外包络孔直径D。可以理解的，该外包络孔直径D越小，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越大，但顶膜111的阻挡芯包10掉粉并从朝向盖板组件的顶面100逃逸的效果越好，该外包络孔直径D越大，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越小，但顶膜111的阻挡芯包10掉粉并从朝向盖板组件的顶面100逃逸的效果越差，基于此，该外包络孔直径D不可过小或过大，可选地，该外包络孔直径D满足：0.1mm≤D≤3mm，例如，渗液孔110的外包络孔直径D可为：0.1mm、0.2mm、0.5mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm 或3mm 等。
多个渗液孔110开设于顶膜111的开孔数量密度为P，该开孔数量密度P越小，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越大，但芯包10掉粉并从渗液孔110逃逸的可能性越小，该开孔数量密度P越大，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越小，但芯包10掉粉并从渗液孔110逃逸的可能性越大，基于此，该开孔数量密度P不可过小或过大，可选地，开孔数量密度P可满足：10个/100mm 2≤P≤40个/100mm 2，例如，该开孔数量密度P 可为：10个/100mm 2、15个/100mm 2、20个/100mm 2、25个/100mm 2、30个/100mm 2、35个/100mm 2或40个/100mm 2等。
顶面100可具有面积S1，顶膜111的开设有多个渗液孔110的表面区域可具有面积S2，其中，面积S1与面积S2的单位均为mm 2，该面积S2与面积S1之比S2/S1越小，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越，但芯包10掉粉并从渗液孔110 逃逸的可能性越小，S2/S1越大，电解液通过渗液孔110进入芯包10内部的难度越小，但芯包10掉粉并从渗液孔110逃逸的可能性越大，基于此，该面积S2与面积S1 之比S2/S1不可过小或过大，可选地，面积S2与面积S1之比S2/S1可满足：0.05≤S2/S1≤0.4，例如，S2/S1可为：0.05、0.1、0.15、0.2、0.25、0.3、0.35 或0.4 等。
需要说明的是，前述中“顶膜111的开设有多个渗液孔110的表面区域”，指的是多个渗液孔110在顶膜111一侧表面的设置区域，因此，前述中“面积S2”等同于多个渗液孔110在顶膜111一侧表面所占的总面积。
发明人经研究发现，芯包10掉粉最容易从极耳102所在的侧面101逃逸，然后经侧面101进入侧面101与顶面100相连接处，以从顶面100逃逸。基于此，可以通过加强位于顶面100边缘处的部分第一绝缘膜11的掉粉阻挡性能，来提升第一绝缘膜11的掉粉阻挡效果。
请一并结合图2与图3所示，示例性的，顶面100可大致呈长方形，此时，顶面100的边缘包括相对的两个长边缘100a以及相对的两个宽边缘100b，可选地，渗液孔110与任意一个长边缘100a之间的距离为a（即，渗液孔110与顶膜111的连接于任意一个长边缘100a的边缘之间距离为a），该距离a可满足：a≥2.5mm，例如，距离a可为2.5mm、2.6mm、2.8mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mm、4.5mm、5mm、8mm、10mm、15mm 或20mm等，从而一方面，渗液孔110 与长边缘100a之间具有一定的间隔距离，能够使第一绝缘膜11的靠近长边缘100a的部分具有较好的掉粉阻挡性能，另一方面，距离a的最小值较小，使顶面100的相对的两个长边缘100a之间能够具有一定的区域供渗液孔110设置。
渗液孔110与任意一个宽边缘100b之间的距离为b（即，渗液孔110与顶膜111的连接于任意一个宽边缘100b的边缘之间距离为b），该距离b可满足：b≥15.5mm，例如，距离b可为15.5mm、16mm、16.5mm、17mm、20mm、22mm、25mm、30mm、35mm、40mm或50mm等，以使渗液孔110与宽边缘100b之间具有较大的间隔距离，能够使第一绝缘膜11的靠近宽边缘100b的部分具有较好的掉粉阻挡性能。
如图3所示，沿垂直于顶面100的方向上，侧膜112可具有宽度c，为了使侧膜112与芯包10的连接稳固性较好，以使侧膜112对顶膜111的防翘边作用更加稳定，可选地，宽度c可满足：c≥3mm，例如，宽度c可为3mm、3.5mm、4mm、5mm、8mm、10mm、15mm或20mm等。
请一并结合图3与图4 所示，当如前述中，顶面100大致呈长方形，顶面100的边缘包括相对的两个长边缘100a以及相对的两个宽边缘100b时，顶膜111的外周分别连接于两个长边缘100a以及两个宽边缘100b，可选地，侧膜112可包括两个第一膜体112a以及两个第二膜体112b，两个第一膜体112a分别连接于两个长边缘100a，两个第二膜体112b分别连接于两个宽边缘100b，以通过第一膜体112a实现对长边缘100a的防翘边效果，通过第二膜体112b实现对宽边缘100b的防翘边效果。
发明人经研究发现，由于长边缘100a的长度较长，因此顶膜111的连接于长边缘100a处更易于发生翘边，而宽边缘100b的长度较短，因此顶膜111的连接于宽边缘100b处相比而言较不易于发生翘边，基于此，可选地，沿垂直于顶面100的方向上，第一膜体112a可具有宽度c1，第二膜体112b可具有宽度c2，c1＞c2，从而能够通过使第一膜体112a相比第二膜体112b具有更优的防翘边效果，以使第一膜体112a与第二膜体112b能够分别对长边缘100a以及宽边缘100b实现满足使用要求的防翘边效果的同时，还能够节省第一绝缘膜11所使用的材料，使第一绝缘膜11的结构更加经济、合理。
当侧膜112包括第一膜体112a以及第二膜体112b时，第一膜体112a的宽度c1以及第二膜体112b的宽度c2均可满足侧膜112的宽度要求，即，满足：c1＞c2≥3mm，以使第一膜体112a以及第二膜体112b对顶膜111的防翘边作用均较稳定。
可选地，侧膜112可形成有避让凹陷112c，极耳102自侧面101穿过避让凹陷112c伸出，以避免侧膜112与极耳102产生干涉，导致侧膜112影响极耳102与电池的盖板组件相电连接的情况。
通常情况下，当芯包10大致呈长方体状时（即，顶面100大致呈长方形时），芯包10的极耳102自连接于宽边缘100b的侧面101伸出，此时，当如前述中，侧膜112包括两个第一膜体112a以及两个第二膜体112b时，通过使第一膜体112a的宽度c1以及第二膜体112b的宽度c2满足c1＞c2，能够在第二膜体112b与相对的两个第一膜体112a之间形成前述避让凹陷112c，以避让极耳102的结构。
如图5与图6所示，本申请还提供一种电池2，包括盖板组件20、壳体21和如前述技术方案所提供的电芯1，壳体21的一侧具有开口210，电芯1设于壳体21内，且电芯1的顶面100 靠近于开口210，盖板组件20封盖开口210。通过设置上述的电芯1，能够降低芯包10掉粉接触壳体21，导致壳体21发生电化学腐蚀的可能性，提升电池2的使用寿命以及使用安全性。
如图6与图7所示，可选地，盖板组件20与电芯1整体的外周侧以及电芯1的远离盖板组件20的底面103还可覆盖有第二绝缘膜22，以从芯包10的外周侧以及底面103，以及芯包10与盖板组件20之间的间隙处阻挡芯包10掉粉逃逸至接触壳体21，从而进一步地缓解壳体21发生电化学腐蚀的问题，提升电池2的使用寿命以及使用安全性。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电芯，所述电芯用于电池，所述电芯包括：
    芯包，所述芯包具有顶面以及连接于所述顶面的侧面，所述顶面朝向所述电池的盖板组件，所述芯包的极耳自所述侧面伸出；以及
    第一绝缘膜，所述第一绝缘膜包括顶膜以及侧膜，所述顶膜覆盖于所述顶面，所述顶膜开设有间隔阵列的多个渗液孔，所述侧膜连接于所述顶膜的外周，所述侧膜覆盖于部分所述侧面。
  2. 根据权利要求1 所述的电芯，其中，所述渗液孔具有外包络孔直径D，0.1mm≤D≤3mm。
  3. 根据权利要求2 所述的电芯，其中，多个所述渗液孔开设于所述顶膜的开孔数量密度为P，10 个/100mm 2 ≤P≤40 个/100mm 2 。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3 任一项所述的电芯，其中，所述顶面具有面积S1，所述顶膜的开设有多个渗液孔的表面区域具有面积S2，0.05≤S2/S1≤0.4。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4 任一项所述的电芯，其中，所述顶面呈长方形，所述顶面的边缘包括相对的两个长边缘以及相对的两个宽边缘，所述渗液孔与任意一个所述长边缘之间的距离为a，a≥2.5mm，所述渗液孔与任意一个所述宽边缘之间的距离为b，b≥15.5mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电芯，其中，沿垂直于所述顶面的方向上，所述侧膜具有宽度c，c≥3mm。
  7. 根据权利要求6 所述的电芯，其中，所述顶面呈长方形，所述顶面的边缘包括相对的两个长边缘以及相对的两个宽边缘，所述侧膜包括两个第一膜体以及两个第二膜体，所述顶膜的外周分别连接于两个所述长边缘以及两个所述宽边缘，两个所述第一膜体分别连接于两个所述长边缘，两个所述第二膜体分别连接于两个所述宽边缘；
    沿垂直于所述顶面的方向上，所述第一膜体具有宽度c1，所述第二膜体具有宽度c2，c1＞c2。
  8. 根据权利要求6 或7 所述的电芯，其中，所述侧膜形成有避让凹陷，所述极耳自所述侧面穿过所述避让凹陷伸出。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电芯，其中，所述第一绝缘膜粘接于所述顶面。
  10. 一种电池，包括盖板组件、壳体和如权利要求1-9 任一项所述的电芯，所述壳体的一侧具有开口，所述电芯设于所述壳体内，且所述电芯的顶面靠近于所述开口，所述盖板组件封盖所述开口。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括第二绝缘膜，所述第二绝缘膜覆盖于所述盖板组件与所述电芯整体的外周侧，以及所述电芯的远离所述盖板组件的底面。
PCT/CN2024/096828 2023-06-08 2024-05-31 电芯及电池 Ceased WO2024251053A1 (zh)

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