WO2024240752A1 - Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsgeregelten stromversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem fahrzeug, sowie verwendung einer derartigen schaltungsanordnung - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsgeregelten stromversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem fahrzeug, sowie verwendung einer derartigen schaltungsanordnung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024240752A1 WO2024240752A1 PCT/EP2024/063931 EP2024063931W WO2024240752A1 WO 2024240752 A1 WO2024240752 A1 WO 2024240752A1 EP 2024063931 W EP2024063931 W EP 2024063931W WO 2024240752 A1 WO2024240752 A1 WO 2024240752A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- output
- circuit arrangement
- feedback
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to reversal of direct current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for DC systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
- H02M1/0019—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being load current fluctuations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
Definitions
- Circuit arrangement for voltage-controlled power supply of an electrical consumer in a vehicle as well as use of such a
- the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use of such a circuit arrangement.
- the generic circuit arrangement for supplying power to an electrical consumer has a voltage regulator component with an input terminal for inputting an input voltage, an output terminal for outputting an output voltage to the electrical consumer, and a feedback terminal for inputting a feedback voltage dependent on the output voltage, which the voltage regulator component uses as a control variable for controlling the output voltage.
- the circuit arrangement has an output line running from the output terminal of the voltage regulator component to the electrical consumer and a feedback circuit connected to a circuit node of the output line and to the feedback terminal of the voltage regulator component, which serves to generate the feedback voltage from the output voltage tapped at the circuit node and to supply the generated feedback voltage to the feedback terminal.
- Such circuit arrangements and the voltage regulator components that can be used for them are known from the prior art and can be used advantageously, for example, to supply power to electrical consumers in a vehicle that require a well-defined and particularly stable supply voltage. This is the case, for example, for many control unit components such as microcontrollers and sensor devices in vehicles.
- Known voltage regulator components typically include:
- controllable conducting element e.g. transistor
- an internal reference voltage source for providing a reference voltage, or an input terminal (setting terminal) for inputting such a reference voltage from external sources,
- an error amplifier for amplifying a difference between the feedback voltage input at the feedback terminal and the reference voltage
- the pass element is controlled by an output signal of the error amplifier such that the feedback voltage is adjusted to the reference voltage. If the feedback voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the current flow through the pass element is increased by means of the error amplifier, which also increases the output voltage. If the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage, however, this current flow and consequently the output voltage are reduced.
- the "feedback circuit” consists of an electrical connection between the aforementioned circuit node (branch) of the output line and the feedback connection.
- the output voltage itself is used as a control variable for regulating the output voltage and the output voltage is regulated to the reference voltage.
- the electrical connection can be low-impedance or have a significant resistance in order to protect the feedback input through the current-limiting effect of the resistor if an excessively high voltage occurs in the area of the output line.
- the feedback circuit can be a voltage divider connected to the circuit node (e.g. series connection of two ohmic resistors) in order to generate a voltage-divided version of the output voltage and feed it to the feedback connection.
- the output voltage is regulated to a multiple of the reference voltage defined by the voltage divider.
- the output line runs from the output connection of the voltage regulator component, which can be installed in an electronic control unit of the vehicle, for example, usually over a considerable length (e.g. several meters) to the electrical consumer, whereby the line typically runs in a so-called cable harness (together with other lines) and/or via electrical connection devices such as connectors, etc.
- the voltage regulator component is damaged or even destroyed.
- commercially available voltage regulator components usually have a certain dielectric strength of the output connection.
- the protective measures implemented in the design of common voltage regulator components, and in particular the dielectric strength of the output connection may disadvantageously not be sufficient to adequately protect the voltage regulator component in the event of an excessively high voltage occurring in a section of the output line (e.g. due to a short circuit against a relatively high vehicle electrical system supply voltage).
- the problem in the prior art is that the area of application of the circuit arrangement is more or less restricted depending on the dielectric strength of the voltage regulator component used.
- the circuit arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that it further comprises a semiconductor component arranged in a section of the output line between the output connection and the circuit node, which becomes high-impedance in the event of an excessively high voltage occurring in a section of the output line between the semiconductor component and the electrical load in order to avoid an excessive voltage increase at the output connection.
- the "high voltage” or the “voltage increase” mentioned here are to be understood as being related to a relevant reference potential, which is also referred to below as ground potential.
- the invention can thus advantageously prevent the voltage regulator component from being damaged by an excessively high voltage in the region of the output line, thus increasing the range of use of the circuit arrangement.
- an excessively high voltage in the area of the output line is present if this voltage is significantly higher (e.g. by more than 10%) than the "setpoint" of the output voltage, to whose value it is regulated by the voltage regulator component.
- the invention depending on the specific design, can also provide protection against an excessively high voltage that is much higher (e.g. at least twice as high) than this setpoint.
- An excessively high voltage in the area of the output line is therefore present in particular if it exceeds a predetermined setpoint value of the output voltage by more than 10% or by more than 100%.
- an excessive voltage increase (damaging the voltage regulator component) at the output connection is avoided even if the voltage in the area of the output line assumes a value of more than 4 times, in particular more than 8 times, the target value of the output voltage.
- the value of the excessively high voltage up to which the circuit arrangement according to the invention remains functional is also referred to below as the "design maximum voltage".
- the choice of a design maximum voltage in the range of 8 times to 15 times and/or in the range of at least 50 V (in particular at least 60 V) to 100 V is particularly advantageous.
- the semiconductor component functions properly, the voltage prevailing at the output terminal always remains below 2 times, in particular below 1.5 times, the target voltage (output voltage) prevailing there during normal operation.
- the feature whereby the semiconductor component "becomes high-resistance" in the area of the output line in the case of a fault described above (an excessively high voltage) can be implemented in different ways (see also the exemplary embodiments). What is important here is that the electrical properties of the semiconductor component (as can be represented by at least one "characteristic curve") in conjunction with its integration into the circuit arrangement lead to the fact that in the event of a fault, from a certain value of the excessively high voltage, the resistance of the semiconductor component increases considerably.
- the output voltage (setpoint of the output voltage to whose value it is regulated) is in a range from 3 V to 6 V, for example about 5 V. Many electronic devices require a stable supply voltage in this range.
- the input voltage is in a range of 5 V to 12 V, for example about 6 V.
- the difference between input voltage and output voltage is in a range from 0.5 V to 5 V, for example approximately 1 V.
- Most of the voltage regulator components preferably used within the scope of the invention require, due to their design, a certain minimum value of this voltage difference, which is also referred to as the "drop-out" voltage of the voltage regulator component in question and is typically in the range from approximately 0.5 V to 1.5 V.
- the current carrying capacity of the output terminal i.e. the maximum current that can be delivered at the setpoint value of the output voltage, is in a range from 1 mA to 300 mA, for example approximately 30 mA.
- the electrical consumer is a sensor device of a vehicle to be supplied with the output voltage.
- the sensor device can have one or more sensors, for example a sensor for measuring a pressure or a temperature.
- the sensor device can have a sensor for measuring a position, e.g. angle of rotation, of a mechanical component.
- the output line runs at least in sections in a wiring harness of a vehicle.
- a wiring harness is a strand formed from a plurality of cables, possibly branched, for transmitting electrical information signals (e.g. data signals) and/or electrical currents (for energy transmission).
- Electrical connection devices such as plug connectors etc. often also form part of the wiring harness, in which the relevant cables are usually held together by mechanical means such as cable ties and/or enveloping hoses.
- the use of the invention is particularly advantageous in such an installation environment due to the increased risk of short circuits.
- the electrical consumer is provided in a vehicle, wherein an electrical on-board network of the vehicle has an on-board network voltage of more than 12 V.
- an on-board network voltage e.g.
- Battery voltage of the vehicle of more than 20 V, for example 24 V, as is common in many types of commercial vehicles.
- the output line has a length of more than 1 m, in particular more than 2 m.
- a particularly advantageous use of the invention results for a length of the output line of more than 5 m, as is the case, for example, in the case of supplying a sensor device of a vehicle, and in this case This is not uncommon, especially in a commercial vehicle.
- the maximum length of the output cable can be limited to 20 m or 50 m or 100 m.
- the use of the invention is particularly advantageous with longer output line lengths and/or relatively high vehicle electrical system voltages in order to avoid damage to the voltage regulator component.
- the invention can also be used particularly advantageously, for example, when a capacitor arranged between the output line and ground potential (e.g. for the purpose of buffering the output voltage) has a relatively small (internal) loss resistance, e.g. less than 100 mQ, in particular less than 50 mQ) because in this case the aforementioned resonant circuit has a particularly low attenuation.
- a ceramic capacitor or a film capacitor can therefore easily be provided at this point (e.g. with loss resistance (in series with the capacitance) of less than 50 mQ).
- the feedback circuit comprises a current limiting resistor arranged between the circuit node and the feedback terminal and a Zener diode arranged between the feedback terminal and a ground potential (whose breakdown voltage is greater than the target value of the output voltage).
- the value of the current limiting resistor is significantly smaller than the blocking resistance of the Zener diode (or negligible compared to the latter), then in normal operation practically the entire output voltage is supplied to the feedback terminal as a controlled variable and consequently the voltage regulator component regulates the output voltage to the reference voltage.
- Zener diode As an alternative to a Zener diode, other diodes designed for operation in the reverse direction in the range of a breakdown voltage can also be considered, such as a suppressor diode, etc. Furthermore, a varistor can also be used at this point.
- An advantage of this embodiment in comparison to the feedback circuit already mentioned above, consisting only of an electrical connection or a current limiting resistor between the circuit node and the feedback connection, is that in the event of an excessively high voltage occurring in the region of the output line, the component in question, such as a Zener diode due to its breakdown, relieves the feedback input and possibly also the semiconductor component provided in the invention.
- the diode in question is selected with a breakdown voltage which, on the one hand, is at least 10% greater than the nominal value of the output voltage and, on the other hand, is, for example, in the range of 0.15 times to 0.5 times the above-mentioned maximum design voltage of the circuit arrangement.
- the semiconductor component is a diode (which is forward-biased for the current flowing to supply the electrical load). If an excessively high voltage occurs in a section of the output line between the diode and the electrical load, the polarity of the voltage prevailing at the diode changes so that the diode becomes high-impedance (in reverse direction) and thus an excessive voltage increase at the output terminal is avoided.
- the semiconductor component is a transistor, in particular a field effect transistor (FET).
- FET field effect transistor
- a control terminal of the transistor i.e. base terminal in a bipolar transistor or gate terminal in a FET, is controlled with a voltage (e.g. switching voltage for switching the transistor) which is generated by means of a control device of the circuit arrangement as a function of the voltage prevailing at the circuit node, such that the transistor is brought into a blocking state when an excessively high voltage occurs at the circuit node and thus becomes high-impedance.
- a voltage e.g. switching voltage for switching the transistor
- control device can, for example, have a comparator for comparing the voltage prevailing at the circuit node or a voltage derived therefrom (e.g. voltage-divided) voltage on the one hand and a fixed voltage on the other hand in order to control the transistor by means of an output signal from the comparator.
- a comparator for comparing the voltage prevailing at the circuit node or a voltage derived therefrom (e.g. voltage-divided) voltage on the one hand and a fixed voltage on the other hand in order to control the transistor by means of an output signal from the comparator.
- a control terminal of the transistor is subjected to a fixed voltage which is selected such that the transistor is put into a blocking state and thus becomes high-impedance when an excessively high voltage occurs at the circuit node.
- the fixed voltage is a supply voltage that is already provided to supply the voltage regulator component and/or other electronic components.
- this supply voltage can be a 12 V voltage, as is often used in vehicles as an auxiliary voltage for controlling power output stages (e.g. inverters for supplying current to electric drives).
- Such other electronic components can, for example, be components arranged together with the voltage regulator component in an electronic control unit of a vehicle.
- this can advantageously also be, for example, an on-board network voltage provided by an on-board electrical system of a vehicle. This applies in particular if this on-board network voltage is already provided in the area of the installation location of the voltage regulator component (e.g. in an electronic control unit) and/or on a line of a cable harness that is also intended for routing the output line.
- an on-board network voltage provided by an on-board electrical system of a vehicle. This applies in particular if this on-board network voltage is already provided in the area of the installation location of the voltage regulator component (e.g. in an electronic control unit) and/or on a line of a cable harness that is also intended for routing the output line.
- a use of a circuit arrangement of the type described here for supplying power to an electronic component in a vehicle is proposed, wherein the component can in particular be, for example, a sensor device.
- the sensor device can be arranged in the vehicle away from a control unit that supplies the sensor device and contains the voltage regulator component.
- the embodiments and special configurations described here for the circuit arrangement according to the invention can, individually or in any combination, also be provided in an analogous manner as embodiments or special configurations of the use according to the invention, and vice versa.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the prior art
- Fig. 2 shows a circuit arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 3 shows a circuit arrangement according to a second embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 4 shows a circuit arrangement according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement 10 which is constructed according to a concept known from the prior art and serves to supply power to an electrical consumer 1 in a vehicle which, during operation, requires a well-defined and stable supply voltage Vout, related to a specific reference potential, here "ground potential GND”.
- the circuit arrangement 10 comprises a voltage regulator component 12 with an input terminal IN for inputting an input voltage Vin, an output terminal OUT for outputting the output voltage Vout to the electrical consumer 1 and a feedback connection FB for inputting a feedback voltage Vfb dependent on the output voltage Vout, which the voltage regulator component 12 uses as a control variable for controlling the output voltage Vout.
- a voltage regulator component 12 with an input terminal IN for inputting an input voltage Vin, an output terminal OUT for outputting the output voltage Vout to the electrical consumer 1 and a feedback connection FB for inputting a feedback voltage Vfb dependent on the output voltage Vout, which the voltage regulator component 12 uses as a control variable for controlling the output voltage Vout.
- the (unstabilized) input voltage Vin has a value of 6 V.
- the input voltage Vin represents a supply voltage of the voltage regulator component 12 and can optionally also be used, for example, to supply other electronic components (not shown) which are, for example, structurally combined with the voltage regulator component 12 (for example in a control unit of the vehicle).
- a control unit with several circuit arrangements of the type described here can be provided, the corresponding number of voltage regulator components of which are jointly supplied from a supply voltage provided in the control unit (such as Vin in Fig. 1).
- the feedback voltage Vfb is compared with a reference voltage Vadj and, based on the result of the comparison, the output voltage Vout is changed so that the value of Vfb is adjusted to the value of Vadj.
- the voltage regulator device 12 has an adjustment terminal ADJ for inputting the reference voltage Vadj, wherein in the example it is assumed that Vadj has a value of 5 V.
- the circuit arrangement 10 further comprises an output line 14 running from the output terminal OUT of the voltage regulator component 12 to the electrical consumer 1 and a feedback circuit 16 connected to a circuit node K of the output line 14 and to the feedback terminal FB of the voltage regulator component 12, by means of which the feedback voltage Vfb generated from the output voltage Vout tapped at the circuit node K is fed to the feedback terminal FB.
- the feedback circuit 16 consists of a low-resistance electrical connection between the circuit node K (branch) of the output line 14 and the feedback connection FB.
- an output capacitor Cout (between the output line and the ground potential GND) is arranged in the course of the output line 14 for additional stabilization (buffering) of the supply voltage Vout.
- Voltage regulator components e.g. "automotive linear voltage regulators” that can be used in the application situation illustrated in Fig. 1 are known from the prior art.
- the output line 14 runs from the output connection OUT of the voltage regulator component 12, which in the example shown is installed e.g. in an electronic control unit of the vehicle, over a length of several meters to the electrical consumer 1, mostly in a cable harness, together with other electrical lines of the vehicle.
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a circuit arrangement 10 according to the invention.
- a circuit arrangement 10 of Fig. 2 has a semiconductor component, here in the form of a diode D (in particular e.g.
- Schottky diode which is polarized in the forward direction for the current flowing to supply the electrical consumer 1, but becomes high-impedance (since blocking) in the event of an excessively high voltage occurring in the line section between the diode D and the electrical consumer 1, so that an excessive voltage increase at the output terminal OUT and thus damage to the voltage regulator component 12 is avoided.
- the feedback circuit 16 is formed by a resistor (current limiting resistor) R arranged between the circuit node K and the feedback terminal FB and a Zener diode DZ arranged between the feedback terminal FB and the ground potential GND, the breakdown voltage of which is greater than the target value of the output voltage Vout.
- the reference voltage Vadj e.g. to 5 V.
- the Zener diode DZ relieves both the diode D and the feedback input FB due to its breakdown. This also applies in an analogous manner if, for example, a suppressor diode or a varistor is used instead of the Zener diode DZ.
- the diode or Zener diode DZ is selected with a breakdown voltage which is in the range of 1.5 times to 3 times the nominal value of the output voltage (here, for example, 5 V), and/or in the range of 0.15 times to 0.5 times the design maximum voltage.
- the problem with this embodiment is the voltage drop (typically about 0.5 V to 0.7 V) that occurs at the diode D during normal operation of the circuit arrangement 10.
- the voltage drop typically about 0.5 V to 0.7 V
- the use of the diode D with a voltage drop of 0.7 V requires an input voltage Vin of at least 6.2 V.
- Vin 6 V is desired or required, the voltage regulation in this example would not function reliably.
- Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement 10 according to the invention.
- a transistor T is arranged instead of the diode (Fig. 2), which in normal operation allows the current flowing to supply the electrical consumer 1 to pass through with a very low resistance (voltage drop e.g. less than 0.1 V), but becomes high-resistance (blocking) in the event of an excessively high voltage occurring in the region of the output line 14, so that an excessive voltage increase at the output terminal OUT and thus damage to the voltage regulator component 12 is avoided.
- the transistor T is a FET, the gate connection of which is supplied with a switching voltage Vg for actively switching the transistor T on and off.
- the switching voltage Vg is provided, as can be seen in Fig. 3, at the output of a comparator 18, which compares a voltage-divided version of the voltage Vout with an equally voltage-divided version of a voltage that is fixed in the example, e.g. a supply voltage provided in a control unit, VDD5.
- the voltage dividers used here are designated in Fig. 3 with the reference numbers 20-1 and 20-2.
- the voltage VDD5 e.g. 5 V
- the voltage VDD5 can, for example, simultaneously be the voltage supplied to the voltage regulator component 12 as the reference voltage Vadj.
- the components 18, 20-1 and 20-2 thus form a control device for generating a control voltage Vg for the transistor T as a function of the voltage Vout prevailing at the circuit node K, so that the transistor T is switched off and thus becomes high-impedance when an excessively high voltage occurs at the circuit node K.
- the control device or the comparator 18 is supplied with a further supply voltage V12, for example provided in the control unit mentioned, which in the example is greater than VDD5 and is e.g. 12 V.
- Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement 10 according to the invention, in which, in contrast to the example described with reference to Fig. 3, no such control device is provided. Rather, in the example of Fig. 4, the gate connection (control connection) of the transistor T is supplied with a fixed voltage V12, which is selected such that the transistor T is put into a blocking state when an excessively high voltage occurs at the circuit node K and thus becomes high-impedance.
- V12 fixed voltage
- the voltage V12 is a supply voltage for other electronic components (not shown) provided together with the voltage regulator component 12 in an electronic control unit of the vehicle.
- the voltage V12 is therefore advantageously provided in the area of an installation location of the voltage regulator component 12, here e.g. in an electronic control unit of the vehicle.
- V12 is a voltage of 12 V.
- the voltage V12 can also be, for example, a supply voltage provided on a line of a wiring harness within the electrical system of the vehicle, whereby this wiring harness can in particular also be the one that is intended for routing the output line 14 (towards the consumer 1).
- an NMOSFET can be used particularly advantageously as the transistor T, for example, whose source terminal is arranged on the side of the output terminal OUT and whose drain terminal is arranged on the side of the output line 14 (as shown in Figs. 3 and 4).
- the operation of the circuit arrangement 10 in the example of Fig. 4 under the premise that the voltage V12 applied to the gate terminal of the NMOSFET (eg 12 V) is greater than the target value (eg 5 V) of the output voltage Vout, and the threshold voltage of the NMOSFET is smaller than the difference between the latter voltages (V12 - Vout), can be described as follows:
- the so-called inverse diode (parasitic diode) of the NMOSFET also conducts in this current direction.
- the NMOSFET has a low resistance.
- a leakage current of the transistor in blocking mode is smaller by at least a factor of 100, in particular at least a factor of 500, than the forward current in forward mode (e.g. switched on).
- a "high resistance" of the semiconductor component required in the event of a fault can, for example, provide that a leakage current (in the event of a fault) is at least a factor of 100 or, for example, a factor of 500 smaller than the forward current (in normal operation) and/or an electrical resistance of the element in the event of a fault is at least a factor of 100, in particular at least a factor of 500, greater than the resistance during normal operation.
- the present invention and the above-described embodiments propose advantageous circuit arrangements and their uses for voltage-regulated power supply of an electronic component in a vehicle, which can in particular be a sensor device connected to the relevant voltage regulator component via a vehicle wiring harness.
- a particularly advantageous use of the invention results for a vehicle electrical system voltage of more than 20 V (e.g. battery voltage of 24 V in a commercial vehicle, e.g. truck).
- VDD5 supply voltage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480030347.2A CN121058139A (zh) | 2023-05-24 | 2024-05-21 | 用于为车辆中的电负载进行电压调节供电的电路布置结构,以及此类电路布置结构的应用 |
| KR1020257038194A KR20250174081A (ko) | 2023-05-24 | 2024-05-21 | 차량의 전기 소비자의 전압 제어식 전력 공급용 회로 장치 및 이러한 회로 장치의 용도 |
| US19/398,337 US20260079512A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2025-11-24 | Circuit Arrangement For Voltage-Controlled Power Supply Of An Electrical Consumer In A Vehicle, And Use Of Such A Circuit Arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023204834.5 | 2023-05-24 | ||
| DE102023204834.5A DE102023204834A1 (de) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsgeregelten Stromversorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers in einem Fahrzeug, sowie Verwendung einer derartigen Schaltungsanordnung |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19/398,337 Continuation US20260079512A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2025-11-24 | Circuit Arrangement For Voltage-Controlled Power Supply Of An Electrical Consumer In A Vehicle, And Use Of Such A Circuit Arrangement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024240752A1 true WO2024240752A1 (de) | 2024-11-28 |
Family
ID=91274528
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/063931 Ceased WO2024240752A1 (de) | 2023-05-24 | 2024-05-21 | Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsgeregelten stromversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem fahrzeug, sowie verwendung einer derartigen schaltungsanordnung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260079512A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250174081A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121058139A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023204834A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024240752A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060164770A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Regulator and electronic apparatus therewith |
| CN102510205A (zh) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 中国兵器工业集团第七0研究所 | 一种宽量程输入直流整流滤波电路 |
| CN104037747A (zh) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | 一种输出过压保护电路及具有过压保护功能的灯具 |
| CN209016933U (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳芯耀阳科技有限公司 | 一种dc-dc的电源电路 |
| EP3221943B1 (de) * | 2014-11-18 | 2023-03-29 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Schutzschaltung für einen überspannungs- und/oder überstromschutz |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007202290A (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | 直流電源装置 |
| JP6490176B1 (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-03-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
-
2023
- 2023-05-24 DE DE102023204834.5A patent/DE102023204834A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-05-21 KR KR1020257038194A patent/KR20250174081A/ko active Pending
- 2024-05-21 WO PCT/EP2024/063931 patent/WO2024240752A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-05-21 CN CN202480030347.2A patent/CN121058139A/zh active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-11-24 US US19/398,337 patent/US20260079512A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060164770A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Regulator and electronic apparatus therewith |
| CN102510205A (zh) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 中国兵器工业集团第七0研究所 | 一种宽量程输入直流整流滤波电路 |
| CN104037747A (zh) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | 一种输出过压保护电路及具有过压保护功能的灯具 |
| EP3221943B1 (de) * | 2014-11-18 | 2023-03-29 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Schutzschaltung für einen überspannungs- und/oder überstromschutz |
| CN209016933U (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳芯耀阳科技有限公司 | 一种dc-dc的电源电路 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20250174081A (ko) | 2025-12-11 |
| CN121058139A (zh) | 2025-12-02 |
| DE102023204834A1 (de) | 2024-11-28 |
| US20260079512A1 (en) | 2026-03-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2591530B1 (de) | Schaltung zum schutz eines elektrischen verbrauchers gegen überspannungen | |
| EP3021444B1 (de) | Schaltung zum schutz vor überspannungen | |
| EP2599178B1 (de) | Schutzschaltung | |
| DE102018125004B3 (de) | Elektrische Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Ankopplung eines Isolationsüberwachungsgerätes an ein ungeerdetes Stromversorgungssystem | |
| WO1998040965A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum überspannungsschutz | |
| DE102006054354A1 (de) | Selbstschützende Crowbar | |
| WO2016091424A1 (de) | Gleichspannungswandlersystem, gleichspannungsversorgungssystem, und leiterplatte für ein gleichspannungswandlersystem | |
| EP3387749B1 (de) | High-side-schalter für die stromversorgung mindestens eines sensors | |
| WO2023011768A1 (de) | Trennschaltereinheit | |
| DE102023204834A1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsgeregelten Stromversorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers in einem Fahrzeug, sowie Verwendung einer derartigen Schaltungsanordnung | |
| EP3017543B1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung zum schutz von mindestens einem bauteil eines zweidrahtstromkreises | |
| EP3053270B1 (de) | Invertschaltung mit spannungsbegrenzung | |
| EP1453171B1 (de) | Elektronische Schutzschaltung | |
| DE3305626C1 (de) | Fensterkomparator | |
| EP3794701B1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung zum schutz einer elektronischen baugruppe | |
| DE102017109684B4 (de) | Spannungsmessvorrichtung, verfahren und herstellverfahren | |
| DE102016004331B4 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung zur Begrenzung eines Laststromes | |
| DE102019108304B3 (de) | Elektronische Schaltungsanordnung zur Temperaturüberwachung | |
| DE10106520A1 (de) | Eingangsschaltung für die Zuführung einer Versorgungsspannung an eine Elektronikbaugruppe mit einem Autarkiekondensator | |
| EP0755117A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Laststromkreises | |
| DE19634447A1 (de) | Spannungsregler zur Unterdrückung starker Schwankungen | |
| DE102022107810A1 (de) | Energieversorgungseinrichtung mit einem P-Kanal-Regeltransistor und einer erhöhten Robustheit gegen Versorgungsspannungstransienten | |
| DE102016201754B4 (de) | Spannungsbegrenzungsschaltung und Aktor- und/oder Sensorvorrichtung | |
| DE4321971A1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung | |
| WO2000031603A1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung zum erzeugen einer stabilisierten versorgungsspannung für mehrere verbraucher |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 24728553 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 1020257038194 Country of ref document: KR Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-0-1-A10-A15-NAP-PA0105 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: KR1020257038194 Country of ref document: KR |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 24728553 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |