WO2024216985A1 - 电池的箱体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池的箱体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024216985A1
WO2024216985A1 PCT/CN2023/135556 CN2023135556W WO2024216985A1 WO 2024216985 A1 WO2024216985 A1 WO 2024216985A1 CN 2023135556 W CN2023135556 W CN 2023135556W WO 2024216985 A1 WO2024216985 A1 WO 2024216985A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
plate
battery case
support plate
guard plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/135556
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王衡
龙文宝
周伟庆
林培钦
牛妍妍
项延火
曹根
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202390000695.6U priority Critical patent/CN224520021U/zh
Publication of WO2024216985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024216985A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery box, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Electric vehicles are mainly powered by battery systems, among which the battery pack casing is the core component of the battery system of electric vehicles. Its main function is to contain and protect the battery cell module.
  • the battery pack casing technology is an important factor related to its development.
  • the anti-bottoming ability of the battery pack box is poor and cannot effectively prevent bottoming.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the anti-bottoming capability of the battery box.
  • the present application provides a battery box, which includes a frame and a bottom guard plate, wherein the bottom guard plate is fixed to the bottom of the frame, and the bottom guard plate includes: a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate includes a main body and an edge portion, wherein the main body is provided with a receiving groove with an open top, and the edge portion is connected to the top periphery of the main body; a support plate, wherein the support plate is provided at the top of the bottom plate, wherein the support plate is fixedly connected to the edge portion to cover the receiving groove, wherein a portion of the support plate is located between the edge portion and the frame, and wherein the edge portion is fixed to the frame; a filling piece, wherein the filling piece is filled in the receiving groove, and wherein a plurality of buffer cavities for buffering stress are provided in the filling piece.
  • a support plate is arranged on the top of the bottom plate, and a filler is arranged in the receiving groove between the bottom plate and the support plate, so that the bottom guard plate can be formed into a "sandwich" structure, thereby enhancing the anti-ball impact performance of the bottom guard plate, and the receiving groove is filled with a filler, and a plurality of buffer cavities for buffering stress are arranged in the filler.
  • the plurality of buffer cavities can reduce the weight of the filler to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate, and when the battery box has a bottoming problem, the plurality of buffer cavities can play a role in buffering stress, thereby improving the anti-bottoming capability of the battery box.
  • the filler is a metal piece. Such a design enables the filler to have sufficient structural strength, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the bottom guard plate and improving the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate.
  • the support plate is welded to the filler and the bottom plate, respectively.
  • the filler can be fixed to prevent the filler from shaking in the receiving groove, which is conducive to enhancing the structural stability of the filler.
  • the support plate and the bottom plate are welded to enhance the structural stability of the support plate and the sealing of the receiving groove to prevent foreign impurities from entering the receiving groove.
  • the support plate, the filler and the bottom plate can be welded to form an integrated structure, so that the three can be integrated and modularized, which is conducive to reducing subsequent assembly processes, reducing production costs, and ensuring that they can meet life cycle conditions.
  • the bottom surface of the bottom plate is provided with an impact-resistant material layer.
  • the impact-resistant material layer is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate to enhance the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate.
  • At least one of the bottom plate, the support plate and the filling member is coated with a layer of thermal insulation material.
  • the thermal insulation performance of the bottom guard plate can be enhanced, so that the battery cells in the battery box can operate in a nearly constant temperature environment, thereby saving energy and improving heat utilization, especially in cold areas, which can increase the battery life and help to increase the battery life.
  • the bottom surface of the base plate is coated with the thermal insulation material layer.
  • Such a design can enhance the thermal insulation performance of the bottom guard plate, so that the battery cells in the battery box can operate in a nearly constant temperature environment, thereby saving energy and improving heat utilization, especially in cold areas, which can increase the battery's range and help increase the battery's service life.
  • At least a portion of the buffer cavities are arranged in a honeycomb structure.
  • Such a design can reduce the weight of the bottom guard plate while enhancing the structural stability of the buffer cavity by arranging the buffer cavity in a honeycomb structure, and help enhance its ability to buffer stress. In this way, when the battery box has a bottoming problem, the force consistency of the bottom guard plate can be enhanced, which helps improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • the filler is integrally formed into a honeycomb structure.
  • Such a design can reduce the weight of the filling piece to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate, and the filling piece constructed as a honeycomb structure has stronger structural stability.
  • the honeycomb structure can enhance the force consistency and uniformity of the bottom guard plate, which is beneficial to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • At least a portion of the buffer cavities are connected to form a medium channel for accommodating a heat exchange medium.
  • a medium channel for accommodating a heat exchange medium.
  • the medium channel is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet.
  • the heat exchange medium can flow into the medium channel from the liquid inlet and flow out of the medium channel from the liquid outlet.
  • At least one side wall of the medium channel in a horizontal direction extends obliquely toward the bottom plate.
  • Such a design can reduce the deformation of the medium channel when the bottom guard plate is hit by a ball, thereby effectively improving the deformation resistance performance of the medium channel.
  • the filling pieces are multiple and are stacked in the height direction of the box.
  • Such a design can utilize multiple filling pieces to fully occupy the installation space in the accommodating groove, thereby improving space utilization, and multiple filling pieces can further enhance the structural strength of the bottom guard plate to improve the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate, and when the battery box has a bottoming problem, the corresponding buffer cavities of the multiple filling pieces stacked in the height direction can play a role in buffering stress in turn to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • the plurality of buffer cavities within the plurality of filling pieces are arranged in different shapes.
  • the corresponding buffer cavities of the multiple filling pieces stacked in the height direction have different effects on buffering stress. In this way, they can play a role in buffering stress in turn to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • the buffer cavities in one of the fillers are connected to form the medium channel, and the buffer cavities in one of the fillers are arranged in a honeycomb structure.
  • Such a design enables the medium channel to be formed by connecting the buffer cavity of a filler, so that the heat exchange medium can flow in the medium channel to achieve heat exchange for the battery, and there is no need to set a medium channel separately in the bottom guard plate, which is convenient for reducing production costs.
  • the buffer cavity arranged in a honeycomb structure by a filler can enhance the force consistency of the bottom guard plate when the battery box has a bottoming problem, which is conducive to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • the filler having the honeycomb structure is located at the bottom.
  • the filler of the buffer cavity with a honeycomb structure By arranging the filler of the buffer cavity with a honeycomb structure at the bottom, the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box is improved.
  • the filler of the buffer cavity with a honeycomb structure protects the medium channel, reduces the deformation of the medium channel, and effectively improves the deformation resistance performance of the medium channel.
  • the present application provides a battery, which includes the box body in the above embodiment.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a battery box according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a top view of the battery box shown in FIG3 ;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 4;
  • FIG6 is an enlarged view of point D in FIG5 ;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a battery box according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a top view of the battery box shown in FIG7 with the support plate hidden;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 8;
  • FIG10 is a top view of a battery box with a hidden support plate according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of point E in FIG. 11 .
  • Box body 10 battery cell 20, upper cover 11;
  • Support plate 132 filling member 133, buffer cavity 1331, shielding plate 1332;
  • Impact-resistant material layer 134 thermal insulation material layer 135, honeycomb structure 136;
  • first and second are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be used to distinguish different objects. It is understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the quantity, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple” is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the battery box as the outer shell of the battery cell will have a certain impact on the use of the battery, especially, in the actual use of the battery, if the conventional method is used to make the bottom guard plate, the anti-bottoming performance of the bottom guard plate will be poor. Therefore, it is necessary to add an additional crossbeam to the bottom guard plate, but this will consume the space in the height direction of the box, and the bottom of the bottom guard plate may not necessarily be on the crossbeam, resulting in poor consistency and uniformity of the box's anti-bottoming, that is, the box's anti-bottoming performance is poor. If the bottom guard plate is made of sheet metal + PVC (polyvinyl chloride), the bottom guard plate will be heavy, costly and the anti-bottoming effect will be inconsistent.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • a receiving groove can be provided in the bottom guard plate, and a filling member with a buffer cavity can be filled in the receiving groove. That is, while enhancing the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate to improve the anti-bottoming performance of the box, the weight of the bottom guard plate can be reduced to achieve a lightweight design of the box.
  • the applicant has designed a battery box after in-depth research.
  • the bottom guard plate can be formed into a "sandwich" structure, thereby enhancing the anti-ball impact performance of the bottom guard plate, and the receiving groove is filled with a filling piece, and a plurality of buffer cavities for buffering stress are provided in the filling piece.
  • the filler can occupy the installation space in the accommodating groove to improve space utilization, and the filler can enhance the structural strength of the bottom guard plate to improve the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate.
  • multiple buffer cavities can reduce the weight of the filler to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate, and when the battery box has a bottoming problem, the multiple buffer cavities can play a role in buffering stress to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box.
  • the battery box of the present application can make full use of the receiving groove between the bottom plate and the support plate as the installation space of the filling piece.
  • the bottoming problem of the bottom guard plate is usually more serious and the impact force it is subjected to is also greater.
  • the filling piece can improve the anti-ball impact performance of the bottom guard plate, and the buffer cavity can buffer the impact force on the bottom guard plate, so that the impact force on the bottom guard plate can be alleviated, the anti-bottoming performance of the box can be enhanced, and the damage to the battery box can be avoided.
  • the battery box disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used for the battery, and the battery can be used as a power supply for an electrical device or various energy storage systems using the battery as an energy storage element.
  • the electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • the electric toy can include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like
  • the spacecraft can include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 includes an upper cover 11, a box body 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the box body 10.
  • the box body 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the box body 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a frame 12 and a bottom guard plate 13, the frame 12 is installed on the bottom guard plate 13, the upper cover 11 is installed at one end of the plate frame away from the bottom guard plate 13, and the upper cover 11 and the box body 10 cover each other, and the upper cover 11 and the box body 10 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
  • the box body 10 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the upper cover 11 may be a plate-like structure, which covers the open side of the box body 10, so that the upper cover 11 and the box body 10 together define a storage space; the upper cover 11 and the box body 10 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the upper cover 11 covers the open side of the box body 10.
  • the box body 10 formed by the frame 12 and the bottom guard plate 13 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery 100 module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery 100 modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 10.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cap, a shell, a battery cell assembly and other functional components.
  • the end cap refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap can be adapted to the shape of the shell to match the shell.
  • the end cap can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap is not easy to deform when it is squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals can be provided on the end cap.
  • the electrode terminal can be used to electrically connect to the battery cell assembly for outputting or inputting the electrical energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cap can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • the material of the end cap can also be a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • an insulating member may be provided inside the end cap, and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing from the end cap to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, or the like.
  • the shell is a component used to cooperate with the end cap to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly, electrolyte and other components.
  • the shell and the end cap can be independent components, and an opening can be set on the shell, and the end cap is closed at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cap and the shell can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap and the shell can form a common connection before other components are put into the shell. When the interior of the shell needs to be encapsulated, the end cover is then closed over the shell.
  • the shell can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, a hexagonal prism, etc.
  • the battery cell assembly is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more battery cell assemblies may be contained in the shell.
  • the battery cell assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active substances constitute the main body 1311 of the battery cell assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active substances each constitute a pole ear.
  • the positive pole ear and the negative pole ear may be located together at one end of the main body 1311 or respectively at both ends of the main body 1311.
  • the positive electrode active substance and the negative electrode active substance react with the electrolyte, and the pole ears connect the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery box 10 , the box 10 includes a frame 12 and a bottom guard plate 13 , and the bottom guard plate 13 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 12 .
  • the box body 10 can be constructed as a box structure with one end open, and the upper cover 11 can be installed on the box body 10 to close the open mouth of the box structure, so that the upper cover 11 can jointly define a sealed installation space with the box body 10, so that the battery cell 20 can be installed in the installation space, so that the upper cover 11 and the box body 10 together constitute the outer shell of the battery 100.
  • the frame 12 and the bottom guard plate 13 can be constructed of AL3003MOD (a type of aluminum alloy) so as to reduce the weight of the frame 12 and the bottom guard plate 13 while ensuring the structural strength of the frame 12 and the bottom guard plate 13, so as to achieve a lightweight design of the box body 10.
  • AL3003MOD a type of aluminum alloy
  • the frame 12 and the bottom guard plate 13 can also be made of other materials that meet the requirements, which is not limited here.
  • the bottom guard plate 13 includes a bottom plate 131 , a support plate 132 and a filling member 133 .
  • the bottom plate 131 includes a main body 1311 and an edge portion 1312.
  • the main body 1311 is provided with a receiving groove 1313 with an open top.
  • the edge portion 1312 is connected to the top periphery of the main body 1311.
  • the support plate 132 is provided at the top of the bottom plate 131.
  • the support plate 132 is fixedly connected to the edge portion 1312 to cover the receiving groove 1313.
  • a part of the support plate 132 is located between the edge portion 1312 and the frame 12.
  • the edge portion 1312 is fixed to the frame 12.
  • the filling piece 133 is filled in the receiving groove 1313.
  • a plurality of buffer cavities 1331 for buffering stress are provided in the filling piece 133.
  • the main body 1311 is provided with a receiving groove 1313 with an open top” refers to the non-planar structure of the main body 1311, that is, part of the main body 1311 protrudes toward the bottom to define the receiving groove 1313 at the top of the main body 1311, thereby facilitating the direct definition of the receiving groove 1313 through the main body 1311 and reducing the difficulty of processing the receiving groove 1313.
  • the edge portion 1312 is connected to the top circumference of the main body 1311” means that the edge portion 1312 is connected to the outer edge of the main body 1311 in the circumferential direction of the main body 1311.
  • the main body 1311 and the edge portion 1312 may be an integrally formed part. This facilitates the integral molding of the main body 1311 and the edge portion 1312 , thereby reducing the difficulty of production.
  • the support plate 132 is fixedly connected to the edge portion 1312, so that the support plate 132 can cover the receiving groove 1313 at the top of the receiving groove 1313 to improve the sealing of the receiving groove 1313, and a portion of the support plate 132 is located between the edge portion 1312 and the frame 12, and the edge portion 1312 is fixed to the frame 12.
  • a portion of the support plate 132 refers to a portion of the circumferential edge of the support plate 132.
  • the support plate 132 can be fixed to the frame 12 while the edge portion 1312 is fixed to the frame 12.
  • a portion of the circumferential edge of the support plate 132 is clamped between the edge portion 1312 and the frame 12, which can enhance the structural stability of the support plate 132.
  • the edge portion 1312 may extend in a horizontal direction so that the edge portion 1312 can form a mounting edge when the base plate 131 and the frame 12 are connected, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling the base plate 131 and the frame 12 and improving the assembly efficiency.
  • the extension direction of the edge portion 1312 may also be other directions as long as the fixation of the edge portion 1312 and the frame 12 can be achieved.
  • the edge portion 1312 is connected to the frame 12 through FDS (straight drill screws) to improve assembly efficiency and the level of automated manufacturing, and part of the circumferential edge of the support plate 132 is clamped between the edge portion 1312 and the frame 12.
  • FDS straight drill screws
  • the filling piece 133 is filled in the receiving groove 1313, and a plurality of buffer cavities 1331 for buffering stress are provided in the filling piece 133.
  • the filling piece 133 can occupy the installation space in the receiving groove 1313, improve the space utilization rate, and the filling piece 133 can enhance the structural strength of the bottom guard plate 13 to improve the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate 13.
  • the plurality of buffer cavities 1331 can reduce the weight of the filling piece 133 to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate 13, and when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, the plurality of buffer cavities 1331 can play a role in buffering stress to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • the shape of the buffer cavity 1331 can be circular, polygonal or irregular, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the support plate 132, the filling piece 133 and the bottom plate 131 are arranged in sequence, so that the cross-section of the bottom guard plate 13 in the height direction forms a "sandwich" structure, thereby facilitating the enhancement of the anti-ball impact performance of the bottom guard plate 13, so as to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box body 10.
  • a support plate 132 is arranged on the top of the bottom plate 131, and a filler 133 is arranged in the receiving groove 1313 between the bottom plate 131 and the support plate 132, so that the bottom guard plate 13 can be formed into a "sandwich" structure, thereby enhancing the anti-ball hitting performance of the bottom guard plate 13, and the receiving groove 1313 is filled with the filler 133, and a plurality of buffer cavities 1331 for buffering stress are arranged in the filler 133.
  • Such a design enables the filler 133 to occupy the installation space in the receiving groove 1313 when the battery box 10 is in use, thereby improving the space utilization rate, and the filler 133 can enhance the bottom guard plate
  • the structural strength of the bottom guard plate 13 can be improved to enhance the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate 13.
  • the multiple buffer cavities 1331 can reduce the weight of the filler 133 to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate 13.
  • the multiple buffer cavities 1331 can buffer the stress to enhance the anti-bottoming capability of the battery box 10.
  • the filling member 133 is a metal member.
  • the filler 133 may be constructed of AL3003MOD (a type of aluminum alloy) or AL6061MOD, so as to reduce the weight of the filler 133 while ensuring the structural strength of the filler 133, so as to achieve a lightweight design of the box 10.
  • the filler 133 may also be made of other materials that meet the requirements, which is not limited here.
  • Such a design enables the filling piece 133 to have sufficient structural strength, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the bottom guard plate 13 and improving the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate 13 .
  • the support plate 132 is respectively welded to the filling piece 133 and the bottom plate 131 .
  • “Welding connection” includes but is not limited to brazing, fusion welding, pressure welding, etc.
  • the filling piece 133 can be fixed to prevent the filling piece 133 from shaking in the receiving groove 1313, which is beneficial to enhancing the structural stability of the filling piece 133.
  • the support plate 132 is welded to the bottom plate 131, which can enhance the structural stability of the support plate 132 and the sealing of the receiving groove 1313, thereby preventing foreign impurities from entering the receiving groove 1313.
  • the support plate 132, the filling piece 133 and the bottom plate 131 can be welded to form an integrated structure, so that the three can be integrated and modularized, which is conducive to reducing subsequent assembly processes, reducing production costs, and ensuring that they can meet life cycle conditions.
  • a layer of impact-resistant material 134 is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 131 .
  • An impact-resistant material layer 134 is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 131” means that an impact-resistant material layer 134 is provided on the surface of the bottom plate 131 on the side away from the frame 12 in the height direction, wherein the impact-resistant material layer 134 may be a plate-like structure or an impact-resistant material layer 134 formed on the surface of the bottom plate 131 by a coating or spraying process.
  • the impact-resistant material layer 134 may be an elastomeric material and include dendrimer-modified polyurea, the tear strength of which is greater than or equal to 114 KN/m.
  • the tear strength of the impact-resistant material layer 134 can be tested by bottom ball impact, using a steel ball with a diameter of 25 mm and an impact energy of 120 J. Under this test, the impact-resistant material layer 134 can ensure that the box body 10 does not deform.
  • At least one of the bottom plate 131 , the support plate 132 and the filling member 133 is coated with a thermal insulation material layer 135 .
  • the bottom plate 131 is coated with a heat-insulating material layer 135, or the support plate 132 is coated with a heat-insulating material layer 135, or the filler 133 is coated with a heat-insulating material layer 135, or any two or three of the bottom plate 131, the support plate 132 and the filler 133 are coated with a heat-insulating material layer 135.
  • the heat-insulating material layer 135 can be applied to change the thermal conductivity of the corresponding structure, thereby enhancing the heat-insulating performance of the bottom guard plate 13, so that the battery cells 20 in the battery box 10 can work in a nearly constant temperature environment, thereby saving energy and improving heat utilization, especially in cold areas, which can improve the battery 100's cruising range and help to improve the battery 100's service life.
  • the bottom surface of the bottom plate 131 is coated with a thermal insulation material layer 135 .
  • the “bottom surface of the bottom plate 131" refers to the surface on the side away from the frame 12 in the height direction of the bottom plate 131.
  • Such a design can enhance the heat insulation performance of the bottom guard plate 13, so that the battery cells 20 in the battery box 10 can work in a nearly constant temperature environment, thereby saving energy and improving heat utilization, especially in cold areas, which can increase the driving range of the battery 100 and help to increase the service life of the battery 100.
  • the impact material layer 134 is located between the bottom surface of the bottom plate 131 and the thermal insulation material layer 135 .
  • the bottom surface of the bottom plate 131 can be coated with an impact-resistant material layer 134 first, and then coated with a heat-insulating material layer 135.
  • the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate 13 can be enhanced, and the heat insulation performance of the bottom guard plate 13 can also be enhanced.
  • At least a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged into a honeycomb structure 136 .
  • “At least a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged in a honeycomb structure 136 ” includes that all the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged in a honeycomb structure 136 , or a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged in a honeycomb structure 136 .
  • honeycomb structure 136 refers to a structure in which regular hexagons or regular hexagonal circular holes are arranged without gaps.
  • the honeycomb structure 136 has high structural strength and greater stability.
  • Such a design can reduce the weight of the bottom guard plate 13 while enhancing the structural stability of the buffer cavity 1331 through the buffer cavity 1331 arranged in a honeycomb structure 136, and is conducive to enhancing its ability to buffer stress. In this way, when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, the force consistency of the bottom guard plate 13 can be enhanced, which is conducive to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • the filling piece 133 is formed as a honeycomb structure 136 as a whole.
  • Such a design can reduce the weight of the filling piece 133 to achieve a lightweight design of the bottom guard plate 13, and the filling piece 133 constructed as a honeycomb structure 136 has stronger structural stability.
  • the honeycomb structure 136 can enhance the force consistency and uniformity of the bottom guard plate 13, which is beneficial to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • At least a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 are connected to form a medium channel 137 for accommodating a heat exchange medium.
  • At least a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 are connected includes all the buffer cavities 1331 being connected, or a portion of the buffer cavities 1331 being connected. Such a design enables the medium channel 137 to be formed by the connection of at least a portion of the buffer cavities 1331, so that the heat exchange medium can flow in the medium channel 137 to achieve heat exchange for the battery 100, and there is no need to separately set the medium channel 137 in the bottom guard plate 13, which is convenient for reducing production costs.
  • the medium channel 137 may extend along a serpentine bend so as to increase the area of the medium channel 137 within a limited space, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchange medium and the battery cell 20 , which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency.
  • extension direction of the medium channel 137 can be configured in other ways to satisfy the heat exchange, which is not limited here.
  • the medium channel 137 is provided with a liquid inlet 1371 and a liquid outlet 1372 .
  • the heat exchange medium can flow into the medium channel from the liquid inlet 1371 and flow out of the medium channel 137 from the liquid outlet 1372 .
  • At least one side wall 1373 of the medium channel 137 in the horizontal direction extends obliquely toward the bottom plate 131 .
  • a side wall 1373 of the medium channel 137 in the horizontal direction extends obliquely toward the bottom plate 131 so that the cross-section of the medium channel 137 in the horizontal direction forms a trapezoid. This can reduce the deformation of the medium channel 137 when the bottom guard plate 13 is hit by a ball, thereby effectively improving the deformation resistance of the medium channel 137.
  • both side walls 1373 of the medium channel 137 in the horizontal direction extend obliquely toward the bottom plate 131, so that the cross-section of the medium channel 137 in the horizontal direction forms a non-square shape. This can reduce the deformation of the medium channel 137 when the bottom guard plate 13 is hit by a ball, thereby effectively improving the deformation resistance of the medium channel 137.
  • FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 there are multiple filling pieces 133 and they are stacked in the height direction of the box body 10 .
  • such a design can utilize multiple filling pieces 133 to fully occupy the installation space in the accommodating groove 1313, thereby improving space utilization, and multiple filling pieces 133 can further enhance the structural strength of the bottom guard plate 13 to enhance the impact resistance of the bottom guard plate 13, and when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, the corresponding buffer cavities 1331 of the multiple filling pieces 133 stacked in the height direction can play a role in buffering stress in turn to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • two adjacent filling pieces 133 can be connected by welding, so that multiple filling pieces 133 can form an integrated structure with the support plate 132 and the bottom plate 131 by welding, so that the bottom guard plate 13 can be integrated and modularized, which is conducive to reducing subsequent assembly processes, reducing production costs, and ensuring that it can meet life cycle conditions.
  • the plurality of buffer cavities 1331 in the plurality of fillers 133 are different.
  • the corresponding buffer cavities 1331 of the multiple filling pieces 133 stacked in the height direction have different buffering stress effects, so that they can play the role of buffering stress in turn to improve the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • the buffer cavities 1331 in one of the filling pieces 133 are connected to form a medium channel 137 , and the buffer cavities 1331 of one of the filling pieces 133 are arranged into a honeycomb structure 136 .
  • the filler 133 in which the buffer cavities 1331 are connected to form the medium channel 137 and the filler 133 in which the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged into the honeycomb structure 136 may be the same filler 133 .
  • the buffer cavities 1331 in the filler 133 are connected to form a medium channel 137, and the buffer cavities 1331 of the filler 133 are arranged in a honeycomb structure 136, so that the medium channel 137 can be formed by connecting the buffer cavities 1331 of a filler 133, so that the heat exchange medium can flow in the medium channel 137 to achieve heat exchange for the battery 100, and there is no need to set the medium channel 137 separately in the bottom guard plate 13, which is convenient for reducing production costs.
  • the buffer cavities 1331 arranged in the honeycomb structure 136 of the filler 133 can enhance the force consistency of the bottom guard plate 13 when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, which is conducive to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • the filler 133 in which the buffer cavities 1331 are connected to form the medium channel 137 and the filler 133 in which the buffer cavities 1331 are arranged into the honeycomb structure 136 may be different fillers 133 .
  • the buffer cavities 1331 in one filler 133 are connected to form a medium channel 137, and the buffer cavities 1331 of the filler 133 are arranged in a honeycomb structure 136, so that the medium channel 137 can be formed by the connection of the buffer cavities 1331 of one filler 133, so that the heat exchange medium can flow in the medium channel 137 to achieve heat exchange for the battery 100, and there is no need to set the medium channel 137 separately in the bottom guard plate 13, which is convenient for reducing production costs.
  • the buffer cavities 1331 arranged in a honeycomb structure 136 of another filler 133 can enhance the force consistency of the bottom guard plate 13 when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, which is conducive to improving the anti-bottoming ability of the battery box 10.
  • the filler 133 in which the buffer cavity 1331 is connected to form a medium channel 137 is located above the filler 133 in which the buffer cavity 1331 is arranged into a honeycomb structure 136, and at least one of the two fillers 133 is provided with a baffle plate 1332, and the baffle plate 1332 is located between the two fillers 133.
  • a baffle plate 1332 is provided on one side of one of the two filling pieces 133 facing the other filling piece 133, so that the two filling pieces 133 can share one baffle plate 1332, and the baffle plate 1332 can be used to seal the medium channel 137 to avoid leakage of the heat exchange medium in the medium channel 137.
  • the filler 133 having the honeycomb structure 136 is located at the bottom.
  • “Below” refers to the bottom in the height direction in FIG. 12 .
  • the filler 133 of the buffer cavity 1331 having the honeycomb structure 136 at the bottom, The anti-bottoming capability of the battery box 10 is improved, and when the battery box 10 has a bottoming problem, the filler 133 with a buffer cavity 1331 having a honeycomb structure 136 protects the filler 133 with a medium channel 137 located above, reduces the deformation of the medium channel 137, and effectively improves the deformation resistance performance of the medium channel 137.
  • the present application further provides a battery 100, comprising the box body 10 described in any of the above schemes.
  • the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the battery 100 described in any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池的箱体、电池及用电装置，箱体包括框架和底护板，底护板固定至框架的底部，底护板包括：底板，底板包括主体部和边沿部，主体部设有顶部敞开的容纳槽，边沿部与主体部的顶部周沿相连；支撑板，支撑板设于底板的顶部，支撑板与边沿部固定连接以封盖容纳槽，支撑板的一部分位于边沿部和框架之间，边沿部固定至框架；填充件，填充件填充于容纳槽内，填充件内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔。

Description

电池的箱体、电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202310423737.3、申请日为2023年04月19日的中国专利申请提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池的箱体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
电动车辆主要由电池系统提供主要能源，其中，电池包的箱体是电动车辆的电池系统的核心组成部件，其主要作用是盛装和保护电芯模组，对于电动车辆而言，电池包的箱体技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
电池的箱体结构中，电池包的箱体的防托底能力较差，不能有效防止托底。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池的箱体，所述箱体包括框架和底护板，所述底护板固定至所述框架的底部，所述底护板包括：底板，所述底板包括主体部和边沿部，所述主体部设有顶部敞开的容纳槽，所述边沿部与所述主体部的顶部周沿相连；支撑板，所述支撑板设于所述底板的顶部，所述支撑板与所述边沿部固定连接以封盖所述容纳槽，所述支撑板的一部分位于所述边沿部和所述框架之间，所述边沿部固定至所述框架；填充件，所述填充件填充于所述容纳槽内，所述填充件内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，在底板的顶部设置支撑板，且在底板和支撑板之间的容纳槽内设置填充件，使得底护板能够形成为“三明治”结构，从而增强底护板的抗球击性能，且容纳槽内填充填充件，并在填充件内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔。这样的设计使得电池的箱体在使用时，填充件能够占据容纳槽内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且填充件能够增强底护板的结构强度，以提升底护板的抗冲击性能，同时，多个缓冲空腔能够降低填充件的重量，以实现底护板的轻量化设计，且当电池的箱体发生托底问题时，多个缓冲空腔能够起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，所述填充件为金属件。这样的设计，使得填充件能够具有足够的结构强度，从而增强底护板的结构强度，以提升底护板的抗冲击性能。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑板分别与所述填充件和所述底板焊接连接。通过设置支撑板与填充件焊接相连，以便于对填充件进行固定，避免填充件在容纳槽内晃动，利于增强填充件的结构稳定性，且设置支撑板与底板焊接相连，能够增强支撑板的结构稳定性，且能够增强容纳槽的密封性，避免外界杂质进入容纳槽内，同时，使得支撑板、填充件和底板能够通过焊接形成一体化结构，使得三者能够集成化、模块化，利于减少后续装配工序，降低生产成本，且利于确保其可以具备满足生命周期条件。
在一些实施例中，所述底板的底表面设有抗冲击材料层。通过在底板的底表面设置抗冲击材料层，以便于增强底护板的抗冲击性能。
在一些实施例中，所述底板、所述支撑板和所述填充件中的至少一个涂覆有保温材料层。
通过对底板、支撑板和填充件中的至少一个涂覆保温材料层，能够增强底护板的隔热保温性能，从而使得电池的箱体内的电池单体能够在接近恒温的环境下工作，从而节省能量、提升热量利用率，尤其是在寒冷地区，能够提升电池的续航里程，利于提高电池的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述底板的底表面涂覆有所述保温材料层。
这样的设计，能够增强底护板的隔热保温性能，从而使得电池的箱体内的电池单体能够在接近恒温的环境下工作，从而节省能量、提升热量利用率，尤其是在寒冷地区，能够提升电池的续航里程，利于提高电池的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，至少一部分所述缓冲空腔排列成蜂窝结构。
这样的设计，能够在降低底护板的重量的同时，通过排列成蜂窝结构的缓冲空腔能够增强缓冲空腔的结构稳定性，且利于增强其缓冲应力的能力，这样，在电池的箱体发生托底问题时，能够增强底护板的受力一致性，利于提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，所述填充件整体形成为蜂窝结构。
这样的设计，能够降低填充件的重量，以实现底护板的轻量化设计，且构造为蜂窝结构的填充件的结构稳定性更强，在电池的箱体发生托底问题时，蜂窝结构能够增强底护板的受力一致性和均匀性，利于提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，至少一部分所述缓冲空腔连通以形成用于容纳换热介质的介质通道。这样的设计，使得介质通道能够通过至少一部分缓冲空腔的连通形成，以便于换热介质能够在介质通道内流动，以实现对电池的换热，且不需单独在底护板内设置介质通道，便于降低生产成本。
在一些实施例中，所述介质通道设有进液口和出液口。通过设置进液口和出液口，便于 换热介质能够由进液口流入介质通道且由出液口流出介质通道。
在一些实施例中，所述介质通道的水平方向上的至少一个侧壁朝向所述底板倾斜延伸。
这样的设计，能够在底护板受到球击的情况下，减少介质通道的变形，有效地提升介质通道的变形抵抗性能。
在一些实施例中，所述填充件为多个且在所述箱体的高度方向上叠放设置。
这样的设计，能够利用多个填充件充分占据容纳槽内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且多个填充件能够进一步地增强底护板的结构强度，以提升底护板的抗冲击性能，且当电池的箱体发生托底问题时，多个在高度方向上叠放设置的填充件相应的缓冲空腔能够依次起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，多个所述填充件内的所述多个缓冲空腔排布的形状不同。
通过设置多个填充件内的多个缓冲空腔排布的形状不同，以使得多个在高度方向上叠放设置的填充件相应的缓冲空腔缓冲应力的效果不同，这样，能够依次起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，其中一个所述填充件内的所述缓冲空腔连通以形成所述介质通道，其中一个所述填充件的所述缓冲空腔排列成蜂窝结构。
这样的设计，使得介质通道能够通过一个填充件的缓冲空腔的连通形成，以便于换热介质能够在介质通道内流动，以实现对电池的换热，且不需单独在底护板内设置介质通道，便于降低生产成本。同时，通过一个填充件的排列成蜂窝结构的缓冲空腔能够在电池的箱体发生托底问题时，增强底护板的受力一致性，利于提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在一些实施例中，具有所述蜂窝结构的所述填充件位于最下方。
通过将具有蜂窝结构的缓冲空腔的填充件设置于最下方，以便于提高电池的箱体的防托底能力，且在电池的箱体发生托底问题时，通过具有蜂窝结构的缓冲空腔的填充件对介质通道起到保护的作用，减少介质通道的变形，有效地提升介质通道的变形抵抗性能。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电池，其包括上述实施例中的箱体。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种用电装置，其包括上述实施例中的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术 人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池的箱体的示意图；
图4为图3中所示的电池的箱体的俯视图；
图5为图4中A-A处的剖面图；
图6为图5中D处的放大图；
图7为本申请另一些实施例的电池的箱体的示意图；
图8为图7中所示的电池的箱体隐藏支撑板的俯视图；
图9为图8中B-B处的剖面图；
图10为本申请再一些实施例的电池的箱体隐藏支撑板的俯视图；
图11为图10中C-C处的剖面图；
图12为图11中E处的放大图。
附图标记：
车辆1000；
电池100，控制器200，马达300；
箱体10，电池单体20，上盖11；
框架12，底护板13；
底板131，主体部1311，边沿部1312，容纳槽1313；
支撑板132，填充件133，缓冲空腔1331,遮挡板1332；
抗冲击材料层134，保温材料层135，蜂窝结构136；
介质通道137，进液口1371，出液口1372，侧壁1373。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能 理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请人注意到，电池的箱体作为电池单体的外壳会对电池的使用产生一定的影响，尤其是，在电池的实际使用过程中，若采用常规的方式制作底护板，则导致底护板的防托底性能差，因此，需要在底护板上额外增加横梁，但是这样会消耗箱体内在高度方向上的空间，且底护板的托底未必一定在横梁上，导致箱体防托底的一致性较差、均匀性较差，即箱体的防托底性能较差，若底护板采用钣金+PVC(聚氯乙烯)制成，导致底护板的重量大、成本高且防托底效果不一致。
为了缓解电池的箱体存在的托底的问题，申请人研究发现，可以底护板内设置容纳槽，且在容纳槽内填充设有缓冲空腔的填充件，即在增强底护板的抗冲击性能以提高箱体的防托底性能的同时，降低底护板的重量，以实现箱体的轻量化设计。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池的使用过程中电池的箱体存在的托底的问题，申请人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池的箱体，通过在在底板的顶部设置容纳槽支撑板，且在底板和支撑板之间的容纳槽内设置填充件，使得底护板能够形成为“三明治”结构，从而增强底护板的抗球击性能，且容纳槽内填充填充件，并在填充件内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔。
在这样的电池的箱体中，填充件能够占据容纳槽内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且填充件能够增强底护板的结构强度，以提升底护板的抗冲击性能，同时，多个缓冲空腔能够降低填充件的重量，以实现底护板的轻量化设计，且当电池的箱体发生托底问题时，多个缓冲空腔能够起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体的防托底能力。
在对电池的箱体防托底性能需求的日益增加的背景下，本申请的电池的箱体能够充分利用底板和支撑板之间的容纳槽作为填充件的安装空间。例如，通常底护板的托底问题较为严重，受到的冲击力也较大。该情况下，填充件能够提高底护板的抗球击性能，且缓冲空腔能够对底护板受到的冲击力进行缓冲，如此可以缓解底护板受到的冲击力，增强箱体的防托底性能，避免电池的箱体的损坏。
本申请实施例公开的电池的箱体可以用于电池，且电池可以作为电源的用电装置或者使用电池作为储能元件的各种储能系统。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括上盖11、箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括框架12和底护板13，框架12安装于底护板13上，上盖11安装于板框远离底护板13的一端，且上盖11与箱体10相互盖合，上盖11和箱体10共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。
其中，箱体10可以为一端开口的空心结构，上盖11可以为板状结构，上盖11盖合于箱体10的开口侧，以使上盖11和箱体10共同限定出容纳空间；上盖11和箱体10也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，上盖11的开口侧盖合于箱体10的开口侧。当然，框架12和底护板13形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池100模块形式，多个电池100模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
其中，电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。电池单体20包括有端盖、壳体、电芯组件以及其他的功能性部件。端盖是指盖合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖的形状可以与壳体的形状相适应以配合壳体。可选地，端盖可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖上可以设置有如电极端子等的功能性部件。电极端子可以用于与电芯组件电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体内的电连接部件与端盖，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体是用于配合端盖以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件、电解液以及其他部件。壳体和端盖可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖和壳体一体化，具体地，端盖和壳体可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连 接面，当需要封装壳体的内部时，再使端盖盖合壳体。壳体可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体的形状可以根据电芯组件的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电芯组件是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件。电芯组件主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部1311，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部1311的一端或是分别位于主体部1311的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
参照图3-图10，本申请实施例提供了一种电池的箱体10，箱体10包括框架12和底护板13，底护板13固定至框架12的底部。
需要说明的是，参照图3和图4所示，箱体10可构造为一端敞开的箱体结构，上盖11可安装于箱体10以封闭箱体结构的敞开口，这样，使得上盖11能够与箱体10共同限定出一个密封的安装空间，以便于将电池单体20安装于安装空间内，从而使得上盖11和箱体10共同构成电池100的外壳。
其中，“底部”指的是在图5中的高度方向上的底部，且底护板13和框架12的连接方式可为焊接相连、或者螺栓相连、或者卡接相连等连接方式，在此不做限定。
可选地，框架12和底护板13均可构造为AL3003MOD(铝合金的一种)，以便于在保证框架12和底护板13的结构强度的同时，降低框架12和底护板13的重量，以实现箱体10的轻量化设计。当然，框架12和底护板13也可采用其它符合要求的材料，在此不做限定。
参照图5所示，底护板13包括：底板131、支撑板132和填充件133。
底板131包括主体部1311和边沿部1312，主体部1311设有顶部敞开的容纳槽1313，边沿部1312与主体部1311的顶部周沿相连，支撑板132设于底板131的顶部，支撑板132与边沿部1312固定连接以封盖容纳槽1313，支撑板132的一部分位于边沿部1312和框架12之间，边沿部1312固定至框架12，填充件133填充于容纳槽1313内，填充件133内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔1331。
“主体部1311设有顶部敞开的容纳槽1313”指的是主体部1311非平面结构，即主体部1311的部分朝向底部的方向凸出以在主体部1311的顶部限定出容纳槽1313，从而便于通过主体部1311直接限定出容纳槽1313，便于降低容纳槽1313的加工难度。
“边沿部1312与主体部1311的顶部周沿相连”指的是边沿部1312在主体部1311的周向上与主体部1311的外侧边沿相连，可选地，主体部1311和边沿部1312可为一体成型件， 便于主体部1311和边沿部1312能够一体成型，从而降低生产难度。
进一步地，参照图5和图6，支撑板132与边沿部1312固定连接，使得支撑板132能够在容纳槽1313的顶部遮挡容纳槽1313，以提高容纳槽1313的密封性，且支撑板132的一部分位于边沿部1312和框架12之间，边沿部1312固定至框架12。
“支撑板132的一部分”指的是在支撑板132的周向边沿的部分，在边沿部1312和框架12相连时，支撑板132的一部分夹设于边沿部1312和框架12之间，这样，不需单独对支撑板132进行固定，即可在将边沿部1312固定至框架12的同时实现对支撑板132的固定，且支撑板132的周向边沿的部分夹设于边沿部1312和框架12之间，能够增强支撑板132的结构稳定性。
例如，边沿部1312可沿水平方向延伸，以使得边沿部1312能够形成为底板131和框架12相连时的安装边，从而便于降低底板131和框架12的装配难度，利于提高装配效率，当然，边沿部1312的延伸方向也可为其它方向，只要能够实现边沿部1312和框架12的固定即可。
可选地，在实际装配时，通过FDS(直钻螺钉)实现边沿部1312与框架12的连接，以便于提高装配效率，提升自动化制造水平，且支撑板132的周向边沿的部分夹设于边沿部1312和框架12之间，这样，能够通过支撑板132在框架12和边沿部1312之间起到密封的作用，便于节省密封条的设计，利于降低成本。
其中，填充件133填充于容纳槽1313内，填充件133内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔1331。这样，使得填充件133能够占据容纳槽1313内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且填充件133能够增强底护板13的结构强度，以提升底护板13的抗冲击性能，同时，多个缓冲空腔1331能够降低填充件133的重量，以实现底护板13的轻量化设计，且当电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，多个缓冲空腔1331能够起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。缓冲空腔1331的形状可以为圆形、多边形或异形等，在此不做限定。
需要说明的是，参照图6，在箱体10的高度方向上，支撑板132、填充件133和底板131依次设置，使得底护板13在高度方向上的截面形成“三明治”结构，从而便于增强底护板13的抗球击性能，以提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，在底板131的顶部设置支撑板132，且在底板131和支撑板132之间的容纳槽1313内设置填充件133，使得底护板13能够形成为“三明治”结构，从而增强底护板13的抗球击性能，且容纳槽1313内填充填充件133，并在填充件133内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔1331。这样的设计使得电池的箱体10在使用时，填充件133能够占据容纳槽1313内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且填充件133能够增强底护板 13的结构强度，以提升底护板13的抗冲击性能，同时，多个缓冲空腔1331能够降低填充件133的重量，以实现底护板13的轻量化设计，且当电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，多个缓冲空腔1331能够起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，填充件133为金属件。
例如，填充件133可构造为AL3003MOD(铝合金的一种)或者AL6061MOD，以便于在保证填充件133的结构强度的同时，降低填充件133的重量，以实现箱体10的轻量化设计。当然，填充件133也可采用其它符合要求的材料，在此不做限定。
这样的设计，使得填充件133能够具有足够的结构强度，从而增强底护板13的结构强度，以提升底护板13的抗冲击性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，支撑板132分别与填充件133和底板131焊接连接。
“焊接相连”包括但不限于钎焊、熔化焊、压力焊等。
通过设置支撑板132与填充件133焊接相连，以便于对填充件133进行固定，避免填充件133在容纳槽1313内晃动，利于增强填充件133的结构稳定性，且设置支撑板132与底板131焊接相连，能够增强支撑板132的结构稳定性，且能够增强容纳槽1313的密封性，避免外界杂质进入容纳槽1313内。
同时，使得支撑板132、填充件133和底板131能够通过焊接形成一体化结构，使得三者能够集成化、模块化，利于减少后续装配工序，降低生产成本，且利于确保其可以具备满足生命周期条件。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图5、图9和图11，底板131的底表面设有抗冲击材料层134。
“底板131的底表面设有抗冲击材料层134”指的是在底板131的高度方向上背离框架12的一侧的表面设置抗冲击材料层134，其中，抗冲击材料层134可为板状结构或者采用涂覆或喷涂的工艺在底板131的表面形成的抗冲击材料层134。
例如，抗冲击材料层134可以为弹性体材料，且包括树枝状大分子改性聚脲，其撕裂强度大于等于114KN/m。
需要说明的是，抗冲击材料层134的撕裂强度可采用底部球击的方式进行测试，测试采用直径为25㎜的钢球，以冲击能量120J进行冲击测试，在该测试下抗冲击材料层134能够确保箱体10不变形。
这样，通过在底板131的底表面设置抗冲击材料层134，以便于增强底护板13的抗冲击性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，底板131、支撑板132和填充件133中的至少一个涂覆有保温材料层135。
例如底板131涂覆有保温材料层135、或者支撑板132涂覆有保温材料层135、或者填充件133涂覆有保温材料层135、再或者底板131、支撑板132和填充件133中的任意两个或三个均涂覆有保温材料层135。这样，可通过涂覆保温材料层135，以改变相应结构的导热系数，从而能够增强底护板13的隔热保温性能，从而使得电池的箱体10内的电池单体20能够在接近恒温的环境下工作，从而节省能量、提升热量利用率，尤其是在寒冷地区，能够提升电池100的续航里程，利于提高电池100的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图5、图9和图11，底板131的底表面涂覆有保温材料层135。
“底板131的底表面”指的是在底板131的高度方向上背离框架12的一侧的表面。这样的设计，能够增强底护板13的隔热保温性能，从而使得电池的箱体10内的电池单体20能够在接近恒温的环境下工作，从而节省能量、提升热量利用率，尤其是在寒冷地区，能够提升电池100的续航里程，利于提高电池100的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图5、图9和图11冲击材料层134位于底板131的底表面与保温材料层135之间。
由此，在实际生产时，可在底板131的底表面先涂覆有抗冲击材料层134，再涂覆有保温材料层135。这样，既能增强底护板13的抗冲击性能，同时也能增强底护板13的隔热保温性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图8，至少一部分缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136。
“至少一部分缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136”包括所有缓冲空腔1331均排列成蜂窝结构136、或者一部分缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136。
“蜂窝结构136”是指是无间隙地配置有正六边形或正六边形的圆孔的结构，蜂窝结构136的结构强度高、稳定性更强。
这样的设计，能够在降低底护板13的重量的同时，通过排列成蜂窝结构136的缓冲空腔1331能够增强穿缓冲空腔1331的结构稳定性，且利于增强其缓冲应力的能力，这样，在电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，能够增强底护板13的受力一致性，利于提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
根据本申请的另一些实施例，可选地，参照图7-图9，填充件133整体形成为蜂窝结构136。
这样的设计，能够降低填充件133的重量，以实现底护板13的轻量化设计，且构造为蜂窝结构136的填充件133的结构稳定性更强，在电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，蜂窝结构136能够增强底护板13的受力一致性和均匀性，利于提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图10，至少一部分缓冲空腔1331连通以形成用于容纳换热介质的介质通道137。
“至少一部分缓冲空腔1331连通”包括所有的缓冲空腔1331连通、或一部分缓冲空腔1331连通。这样的设计，使得介质通道137能够通过至少一部分缓冲空腔1331的连通形成，以便于换热介质能够在介质通道137内流动，以实现对电池100的换热，且不需单独在底护板13内设置介质通道137，便于降低生产成本。
例如图10所示，介质通道137可以沿蛇形弯折延伸，以便于在有限的空间内增大介质通道137的面积，从而增大换热介质与电池单体20的换热面积，利于提高换热效率。
当然，介质通道137的延伸方向可为构造为其它满足换热形式，在此不做限定。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图3，介质通道137设有进液口1371和出液口1372。
由此，通过设置进液口1371和出液口1372，便于换热介质能够由进液口1371流入介质通道且由出液口1372流出介质通道137。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图12，介质通道137的水平方向上的至少一个侧壁1373朝向底板131倾斜延伸。
例如介质通道137的水平方向上的一个侧壁1373朝向底板131倾斜延伸，以使介质通道137在水平方向上的截面形成梯形，这样能够在底护板13受到球击的情况下，减少介质通道137的变形，有效地提升介质通道137的变形抵抗性能。
或者介质通道137的水平方向上的两个侧壁1373均朝向底板131倾斜延伸，以使介质通道137在水平方向上的截面形成非方形，这样能够在底护板13受到球击的情况下，减少介质通道137的变形，有效地提升介质通道137的变形抵抗性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图11和图12，填充件133为多个且在箱体10的高度方向上叠放设置。
由此，这样的设计，能够利用多个填充件133充分占据容纳槽1313内的安装空间，提高空间利用率，且多个填充件133能够进一步地增强底护板13的结构强度，以提升底护板13的抗冲击性能，且当电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，多个在高度方向上叠放设置的填充件133相应的缓冲空腔1331能够依次起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
可选地，相邻的两个填充件133之间可通过焊接相连，以使多个填充件133能够与支撑板132和底板131通过焊接形成一体化结构，使得底护板13能够集成化、模块化，利于减少后续装配工序，降低生产成本，且利于确保其可以具备满足生命周期条件。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图12，多个填充件133内的多个缓冲空腔1331 排布的形状不同。
由此，通过设置多个填充件133内的多个缓冲空腔1331排布的形状不同，以使得多个在高度方向上叠放设置的填充件133相应的缓冲空腔1331缓冲应力的效果不同，这样，能够依次起到缓冲应力的作用，以提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，其中一个填充件133内的缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137，其中一个填充件133的缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136。
例如缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137的填充件133和缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136的填充件133可为同一个填充件133。
这样，该填充件133内的缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137，且该填充件133的缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136，使得介质通道137能够通过一个填充件133的缓冲空腔1331的连通形成，以便于换热介质能够在介质通道137内流动，以实现对电池100的换热，且不需单独在底护板13内设置介质通道137，便于降低生产成本。同时，通过该填充件133的排列成蜂窝结构136的缓冲空腔1331能够在电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，增强底护板13的受力一致性，利于提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
或者参照图11，缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137的填充件133和缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136的填充件133可为不同填充件133。
这样，一个填充件133内的缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137，且该填充件133的缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136，使得介质通道137能够通过一个填充件133的缓冲空腔1331的连通形成，以便于换热介质能够在介质通道137内流动，以实现对电池100的换热，且不需单独在底护板13内设置介质通道137，便于降低生产成本。同时，通过另一个填充件133的排列成蜂窝结构136的缓冲空腔1331能够在电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，增强底护板13的受力一致性，利于提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力。
可选地，缓冲空腔1331连通以形成介质通道137的填充件133位于缓冲空腔1331排列成蜂窝结构136的填充件133的上方，且两个填充件133中的至少一个填充件133设有遮挡板1332，遮挡板1332位于两个填充件133之间。
优选地，两个填充件133中的一个填充件133朝向另一个填充件133的一侧设有遮挡板1332，这样，两个填充件133可共用一个遮挡板1332，且可利用遮挡板1332对介质通道137实现密封，避免介质通道137内的换热介质出现泄漏的问题。
根据本申请的一些实施例，可选地，参照图12，具有蜂窝结构136的填充件133位于最下方。
“下方”指的是图12中高度方向上的底部。
由此，通过将具有蜂窝结构136的缓冲空腔1331的填充件133设置于最下方，以便于 提高电池的箱体10的防托底能力，且在电池的箱体10发生托底问题时，通过具有蜂窝结构136的缓冲空腔1331的填充件133对位于上方的设有介质通道137的填充件133起到保护的作用，减少介质通道137的变形，有效地提升介质通道137的变形抵抗性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池100，包括以上任一方案所述的箱体10。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案所述的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述箱体(10)包括框架(12)和底护板(13)，所述底护板(13)固定至所述框架(12)的底部，所述底护板(13)包括：
    底板(131)，所述底板(131)包括主体部(1311)和边沿部(1312)，所述主体部(1311)设有顶部敞开的容纳槽(1313)，所述边沿部(1312)与所述主体部(1311)的顶部周沿相连；
    支撑板(132)，所述支撑板(132)设于所述底板(131)的顶部，所述支撑板(132)与所述边沿部(1312)固定连接以封盖所述容纳槽(1313)，所述支撑板(132)的一部分位于所述边沿部(1312)和所述框架(12)之间，所述边沿部(1312)固定至所述框架(12)；
    填充件(133)，所述填充件(133)填充于所述容纳槽(1313)内，所述填充件(133)内设有多个用于缓冲应力的缓冲空腔(1331)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述填充件(133)为金属件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述支撑板(132)分别与所述填充件(133)和所述底板(131)焊接连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述底板(131)的底表面设有抗冲击材料层(134)。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述底板(131)、所述支撑板(132)和所述填充件(133)中的至少一个涂覆有保温材料层(135)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述底板(131)的底表面涂覆有所述保温材料层(135)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，至少一部分所述缓冲空腔(1331)排列成蜂窝结构(136)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述填充件(133)整体形成为蜂窝结构(136)。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，至少一部分所述缓冲空腔(1331)连通以形成用于容纳换热介质的介质通道(137)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述介质通道(137)设有进液口(1371)和出液口(1372)。
  11. 根据权利要求9-10中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述介质通道(137)的水平方向上的至少一个侧壁(1373)朝向所述底板(131)倾斜延伸。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，所述填充件(133)为多个且在所述箱体(10)的高度方向上叠放设置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，多个所述填充件(133)内的所述多个缓冲空腔(1331)排布的形状不同。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，其中一个所述填充件(133)内的所述缓冲空腔(1331)连通以形成所述介质通道(137)，其中一个所述填充件(133)的所述缓冲空腔(1331)排列成蜂窝结构(136)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池的箱体(10)，其中，具有所述蜂窝结构(136)的所述填充件(133)位于最下方。
  16. 一种电池(100)，其中，包括根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的箱体(10)。
  17. 一种用电装置，其中，包括根据权利要求16所述的电池(100)，所述电池(100)用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2023/135556 2023-04-19 2023-11-30 电池的箱体、电池及用电装置 Ceased WO2024216985A1 (zh)

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