WO2024201645A1 - 画像処理装置、画像処理方法及び記憶媒体 - Google Patents
画像処理装置、画像処理方法及び記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/11—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical fields of image processing devices, image processing methods, and storage media that perform processing related to measuring near vision response using images.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a system that detects the area of the subject's pupils based on video signals from two cameras and analyzes the pupil area, pupil diameter, and pupil position.
- measuring near vision response requires a dedicated device or system.
- one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide an image processing device, an image processing method, and a storage medium that can suitably generate information regarding a subject's near vision response from an image of the subject.
- One aspect of the image processing device is a first instruction means for instructing the subject to be in a first state in which the subject visually recognizes an object a first distance ahead; a first generating means for generating first pupil information, which is information about a pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; a constancy determination means for determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; a second instruction means for instructing the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance when it is determined that the continuity exists; a second generating means for generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on an image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in a second state;
- the image processing device has the following features.
- One aspect of the image processing method includes: The computer Instruct the subject to be in a first state in which the subject looks at a first distance ahead; generating first pupil information, which is information about the pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; When it is determined that the continuity exists, instruct the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance; generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on the image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in a second state; It is an image processing method.
- the "computer” includes any electronic device (or a processor included in the electronic device), and may be configured from multiple electronic devices.
- One aspect of the storage medium is Instruct the subject to be in a first state in which the subject looks at a first distance ahead; generating first pupil information, which is information about the pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; When it is determined that the continuity exists, instruct the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance;
- a storage medium storing a program that causes a computer to execute a process of generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on an image generated by the photographing means when the subject is in the second state.
- 1 shows a schematic configuration of a near vision reaction measuring system according to a first embodiment. 13 shows how near vision response is measured when the near vision response measurement system is a single terminal device.
- 2 illustrates an example of a hardware configuration of an image processing apparatus common to each embodiment.
- 4 is an example of a functional block of an image processing device related to near vision reaction measurement processing in the first embodiment.
- 1 is an example of a camera image capturing a subject's face.
- 1 is an example of a graph showing the change in pupil size over time when switching from a far-vision state to a near-vision state.
- 11 is an example of a graph showing a time change in the degree of convergence recognized when a far-vision instruction is given again after a near-vision instruction is given.
- FIG. 13 is an example of a flowchart relating to a near vision reaction measurement process in the first embodiment. 13 shows a schematic configuration of a near vision reaction measuring system according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an image processing device according to a third embodiment. 13 is an example of a flowchart executed by the image processing apparatus in the third embodiment.
- System Configuration Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a near vision reaction measurement system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the near vision reaction measurement system 100 is a system for simply measuring the near vision reaction of a subject 6 based on an image of the face of the subject 6 captured by a visible light camera, and mainly includes an image processing device 1, an input device 2, an output device 3, a storage device 4, and a measurement device 5 including a camera (imaging device) 51.
- the subject 6 simply measures his/her own near vision reaction using the near vision reaction measurement system 100 for the purpose of, for example, managing his/her health condition (including self-care).
- the image processing device 1 measures the near vision response of the subject 6 based on the facial images of the subject 6 generated by the camera 51 (including a video that is a sequence of a predetermined number of images obtained in time series, the same applies below), and outputs the measurement results.
- the image processing device 1 communicates data with the input device 2, output device 3, storage device 4, and measurement device 5 via a communication network or by direct wireless or wired communication.
- the input device 2 is an interface that accepts user input (manual input).
- the user who inputs information using the input device 2 may be the subject 6 himself or a person who manages or supervises the subject 6.
- the input device 2 may be, for example, any of a variety of user input interfaces, such as a touch panel, a button, a keyboard, a mouse, or a voice input device.
- the input device 2 supplies an input signal generated based on the user's input to the image processing device 1.
- the output device 3 outputs predetermined information based on an output signal supplied from the image processing device 1.
- the output signal includes at least one of a display signal and an audio signal.
- the output device 3 displays information based on the display signal supplied from the image processing device 1, and outputs information as audio based on the audio signal supplied from the image processing device 1.
- the output device 3 includes at least one of a display device such as a display or projector, and an audio output device such as a speaker.
- the storage device 4 is a memory that stores various information necessary for measuring near vision response, etc.
- the storage device 4 may be an external storage device such as a hard disk connected to or built into the image processing device 1, or may be a storage medium such as a flash memory.
- the storage device 4 may also be a server device that performs data communication with the image processing device 1.
- the storage device 4 may also be composed of multiple devices.
- the measuring device 5 is one or more sensors including the camera 51, which is a visible light camera.
- the measuring device 5 may include an illuminance sensor for detecting changes in the amount of external light in the measurement environment of the subject's 6 near vision response.
- the measuring device 5 supplies signals measured by each sensor to the image processing device 1.
- the image generated by the camera 51 will also be referred to as a "camera image.”
- the camera 51 is an example of an "imaging means.”
- the configuration of the near vision reaction measurement system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and various modifications may be made to the configuration.
- the image processing device 1, the input device 2, the output device 3, the storage device 4, and the measurement device 5 may be realized by a single terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal.
- Figure 2 shows the state of near reaction measurement when the near reaction measurement system 100 is a single terminal device (e.g., a smartphone).
- the subject 6 holds the near reaction measurement system 100, which is a terminal device, and adjusts the orientation of the terminal device so that the subject's face is included in the shooting range of the camera 51.
- the near reaction measurement system 100 may be fixed to a tripod or the like. Then, in the state shown in Figure 2, the subject 6 looks at distance and near in sequence according to the instructions (guidance) output by the near reaction measurement system 100, and causes the near reaction measurement system 100 to measure the near reaction.
- the instructions guidance
- FIG. 3 shows the hardware configuration of the image processing device 1.
- the image processing device 1 includes, as hardware, a processor 11, a memory 12, and an interface 13.
- the processor 11, the memory 12, and the interface 13 are connected via a data bus 90.
- the processor 11 functions as a controller (computing device) that controls the entire image processing device 1 by executing a program stored in the memory 12.
- the processor 11 is, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or a TPU (Tensor Processing Unit).
- the processor 11 may be composed of multiple processors.
- the processor 11 is an example of a computer.
- the memory 12 is composed of various types of volatile and non-volatile memory, such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and flash memory.
- the memory 12 also stores programs for executing the processes executed by the image processing device 1. Note that part of the information stored in the memory 12 may be stored in one or more external storage devices capable of communicating with the image processing device 1, or may be stored in a storage medium that is detachable from the image processing device 1.
- the memory 12 may also function as at least part of the storage device 4.
- the interface 13 is an interface for electrically connecting the image processing device 1 to other devices.
- These interfaces may be wireless interfaces such as network adapters for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data to and from other devices, or may be hardware interfaces for connecting to other devices via cables or the like.
- the hardware configuration of the image processing device 1 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 3.
- the image processing device 1 may include at least one of the input device 2, the output device 3, the storage device 4, and the measurement device 5.
- the image processing device 1 determines whether or not the pupil of the subject 6 has reached a steady state based on a camera image generated after instructing the subject 6 to look at a distance. Then, when the pupil of the subject 6 has reached a steady state, the image processing device 1 instructs the subject 6 to look at a near view, and calculates an index related to the near vision response based on information related to the time series of the pupil of the subject 6 recognized from the camera image generated after the instruction. This enables the image processing device 1 to suitably measure the near vision response based on the camera image.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of functional blocks of the image processing device 1 related to near vision response measurement processing.
- the processor 11 of the image processing device 1 has a first instruction unit 14, a first pupil information generation unit 15, a constancy determination unit 16, a second instruction unit 17, a second pupil information generation unit 18, and a near vision response output unit 19.
- blocks where data is exchanged are connected by solid lines, but the combination of blocks where data is exchanged is not limited to that shown. The same applies to the diagrams of other functional blocks described later.
- the first instruction unit 14 determines that the measurement of the near vision response should be started, it instructs the subject 6 to focus on a location at a predetermined distance (also called a “distance instruction") so that the subject 6 is in a state of far vision. Specifically, the first instruction unit 14 instructs the subject 6 to focus on a location at a predetermined distance (also called a "first distance”).
- the "first distance” is a focal distance at which the subject 6 can be considered to be in a state of far vision, and is, for example, a distance of 6 m or more at which the focal distance is essentially infinity.
- the first instruction unit 14 generates an output signal including at least one of a display signal or an audio signal instructing the subject 6 to focus on a location at least 6 m away, and supplies the output signal to the output device 3 via the interface 13.
- the first instruction unit 14 causes the output device 3 to execute the output of a distance instruction to the subject 6.
- the first instruction unit 14 outputs a distance instruction, it notifies the first pupil information generation unit 15 that the distance instruction has been output.
- the first instruction unit 14 determines that the measurement of the near response should be started when a specific user input by the input device 2 instructing the start of measurement of the near response is detected. In another example, the first instruction unit 14 determines that the measurement of the near response should be started when a pre-planned measurement timing for the near response arrives. In this case, information regarding the measurement timing is pre-stored in the storage device 4 or memory 12.
- the first pupil information generating unit 15 generates information about the pupil of the subject 6 based on the camera image acquired from the camera 51 via the interface 13 during the period from when the first instruction unit 14 outputs an instruction until the constancy determining unit 16 determines that the pupil of the subject 6 is constancy.
- the first pupil information generating unit 15 assumes that the subject 6 is looking at a location where the focal length is a first distance (e.g., infinity) (i.e., a state of far-looking, also called the "first state"), and generates information about the pupil of the subject 6 in the state of far-looking.
- Information about the pupil of the subject 6 is also called "pupil information”.
- the first pupil information generating unit 15 calculates at least the pupil size (e.g., pupil diameter) of the subject 6 and the degree of convergence (i.e., a state of closer eyes) (also called the "convergence degree") of the subject 6 as the pupil information. Specific examples of pupil diameter and convergence degree will be described later.
- the first pupil information generating unit 15 supplies the pupil information (also called “first pupil information") generated by the first pupil information generating unit 15 to the constancy determining unit 16 and the near vision response output unit 19.
- the constancy determination unit 16 determines whether the pupil of the subject 6 recognized from the camera image has constancy based on the first pupil information. In this case, the constancy determination unit 16 assumes that the subject 6 is in a far-looking state after the far-looking instruction is issued by the first instruction unit 14, and determines whether the pupil of the subject 6 recognized in the far-looking state has constancy. Then, if the constancy determination unit 16 determines that there is constancy, it notifies the second instruction unit 17 and the second pupil information generation unit 18 that processing should be started.
- the continuity determination unit 16 determines whether or not continuity exists.
- the continuity determination unit 16 determines whether or not continuity exists.
- all of the conditions (a) to (c) of (a) the focus of the subject 6 is not changing, (b) there is no light reaction, and (c) the pupil size is stable are continuously satisfied for a predetermined time, it is determined that there is constancy, and when any of the conditions (a) to (c) is not continuously satisfied for a predetermined time, it is determined that there is no constancy.
- the length of the above-mentioned predetermined time is, for example, a default value stored in advance in the storage device 4 or the memory 12.
- condition (a) will be described.
- the constancy determination unit 16 determines whether or not condition (a) is satisfied based on, for example, the time-series congestion indicated by the pupil information supplied from the first pupil information generation unit 15 at a specified time immediately preceding the constancy determination unit 16. The constancy determination unit 16 then determines that condition (a) is satisfied if the congestion has not changed substantially at the specified time, and determines that condition (a) is not satisfied if the congestion has changed substantially at the specified time.
- the constancy determination unit 16 determines whether or not the congestion has changed substantially based on a comparison between a specified threshold value and the variance of a specified number of congestions obtained within the above-mentioned specified time, the difference between the maximum and minimum values, or other statistics representing variation.
- the above-mentioned threshold value is stored in advance in, for example, the storage device 4 or the memory 12.
- condition (b) determines whether or not condition (b) is satisfied based on, for example, the time series of light quantities (illuminance) measured by the measurement device 5 at the immediately preceding predetermined time. Specifically, the continuity determination unit 16 determines that condition (b) is satisfied when the illuminance measured by the measurement device 5 has not changed substantially during the above-mentioned predetermined time, and determines that condition (b) is not satisfied when the illuminance measured by the measurement device 5 has changed substantially during the above-mentioned predetermined time.
- the continuity determination unit 16 determines whether or not the illuminance has changed substantially based on a comparison between a predetermined threshold value and the variance of a predetermined number of illuminance measurement values obtained within the above-mentioned predetermined time, the difference between the maximum and minimum values, or other statistics representing variation.
- the above-mentioned threshold value is stored in advance in, for example, the storage device 4 or the memory 12.
- the constancy determination unit 16 may determine whether or not condition (b) is satisfied based on the pupil size over time. In this case, condition (b) is the same as condition (c) described below.
- condition (c) will be described.
- the constancy determination unit 16 determines whether or not condition (c) is satisfied based on, for example, whether or not there has been a substantial change in the time-series pupil size indicated by the pupil information supplied from the first pupil information generation unit 15 at a specified time immediately preceding the above. In this case, the constancy determination unit 16 determines whether or not there has been a substantial change in the pupil size based on the result of comparing the variance of a specified number of pupil sizes based on the pupil information obtained within the above-mentioned specified time, the difference between the maximum and minimum values, or other statistics representing variation with a specified threshold value.
- the above-mentioned threshold value is stored in advance, for example, in the storage device 4 or memory 12.
- the second instruction unit 17 instructs the subject 6 to focus on a location at a predetermined distance (also called the "second distance") so that the subject 6 is in a near vision state.
- the above-mentioned "second distance” is a focal distance at which the subject 6 is considered to be in a near vision state, and is a distance shorter than the first distance (e.g., a distance less than 50 cm). For example, in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the second instruction unit 17 generates an output signal including at least one of a display signal or an audio signal that instructs the subject 6 to focus on the camera 51 provided on the terminal device held by the subject 6, and supplies the output signal to the output device 3 via the interface 13.
- the first instruction unit 14 causes the output device 3 to execute the output of the near vision instruction to the subject 6.
- the first instruction unit 14 outputs a near vision instruction, it notifies the first pupil information generation unit 15 that a near vision instruction has been output.
- the second pupil information generating unit 18 generates time-series pupil information of the subject 6 based on the camera images acquired from the camera 51 via the interface 13 during a period from when the second instruction unit 17 outputs a near vision instruction until a predetermined time (e.g., several seconds) has elapsed.
- a predetermined time e.g., several seconds
- the first pupil information generating unit 15 assumes that the subject 6 is looking at a location where the focal length is the second distance (i.e., a near vision state, also referred to as the "second state"), and generates pupil information including the time-series pupil size and convergence of the subject 6 in the near vision state.
- the second pupil information generating unit 18 supplies the pupil information generated by the second pupil information generating unit 18 (also referred to as the "second pupil information") to the near vision response output unit 19.
- the near response output unit 19 calculates an index related to near response (also called a "near response index") based on the first pupil information supplied from the first pupil information generation unit 15 and the second pupil information supplied from the second pupil information generation unit 18, and displays or outputs by voice information related to the calculation result of the near response index by the output device 3.
- the near response output unit 19 calculates the near response index based on the first pupil information last supplied from the first pupil information generation unit 15 (i.e., pupil information in a far-looking state at the time when the constancy determination unit 16 determines that there is constancy) and the time-series second pupil information supplied from the second pupil information generation unit 18.
- the type of near response index to be calculated varies depending on the application to which the near response measurement system 100 is applied, and specific examples will be described later in the sections "(4) Pupil information and near response index " and "(7) Application ".
- the information on the calculation result of the near vision response index that the near vision response output unit 19 outputs to the output device 3 may be information indicating the calculated near vision response index itself, or may be information on the state of the subject 6 estimated based on the near vision response index.
- the latter example will be specifically described in the section "(7) Application ".
- the near vision response output unit 19 generates an output signal (i.e., at least one of a display signal and an audio signal) for outputting information on the calculation result of the calculated near vision response index, and supplies the output signal to the output device 3 via the interface 13.
- the near vision response output unit 19 causes the output device 3 to output information on the calculation result of the near vision response index.
- the near response output unit 19 may calculate the near response index based on the second pupil information in time series without using the first pupil information.
- the second pupil information obtained first in the time series is regarded as pupil information in the far vision state, and the near response index described above is calculated.
- the image processing device 1 may also calculate a predetermined number of near vision response indices by executing the processes of the first instruction unit 14, the first pupil information generation unit 15, the constancy determination unit 16, the second instruction unit 17, the second pupil information generation unit 18, and the near vision response output unit 19 a predetermined number of times.
- the near vision response output unit 19 calculates a time average or other representative value of the near vision response indices for the predetermined number of times, and outputs the calculation results to the output device 3. This makes it possible to output a highly accurate near vision response index that has been subjected to statistical processing.
- the near vision response output unit 19 may further calculate an index (also called a "distance vision response index") indicating the response of the subject 6 when switching from a near vision state to a far vision state.
- an index also called a "distance vision response index”
- the first instruction unit 14 issues a far vision instruction again, and the near vision response output unit 19 calculates the far vision response index based on the time-series first pupil information (and the immediately preceding second pupil information) generated by the first pupil information generation unit 15 after the far vision instruction.
- each of the components of the first instruction unit 14, the first pupil information generation unit 15, the constancy determination unit 16, the second instruction unit 17, the second pupil information generation unit 18, and the near vision response output unit 19 described in FIG. 4 can be realized, for example, by the processor 11 executing a program. Also, each component may be realized by recording the necessary program in an arbitrary non-volatile storage medium and installing it as necessary. Note that at least a part of each of these components may be realized by any combination of hardware, firmware, and software, without being limited to being realized by software using a program. Also, at least a part of each of these components may be realized by using a user-programmable integrated circuit, such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or a microcontroller.
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- the integrated circuit may be used to realize a program composed of each of the above components.
- at least a portion of each component may be configured by an ASSP (Application Specific Standard Production), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a quantum processor (quantum computer control chip).
- ASSP Application Specific Standard Production
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- quantum processor quantum computer control chip
- the image processing device 1 recognizes the areas of the subject 6's eyes (both eyes in this case) 9a, iris 9b, and pupil 9c from a camera image of the subject's 6's face based on any image recognition technology. Then, based on each of the recognized areas, the image processing device 1 calculates pupil information indicating pupil size and degree of convergence, which will be described later.
- the image processing device 1 calculates the pupil size (i.e., pupil diameter) corresponding to the length of the arrow 90.
- the image processing device 1 may also calculate the pupil size for each eye and generate pupil information indicating the average of the calculated pupil sizes.
- the image processing device 1 calculates the interpupillary distance equivalent to the length of the arrow 91 as an example of the degree of convergence. In this way, the image processing device 1 can accurately recognize the convergence by calculating the degree of convergence based on both eyes.
- the camera image is an image capturing at least both eyes of the subject 6, and the image processing device 1 calculates the degree of convergence based on the positions of the pupils 9c of both eyes in the camera image.
- the image processing device 1 may calculate pupil information based on a camera image capturing only one eye of the subject.
- the image processing device 1 may calculate the relative position of the center of the pupil 9c with respect to both ends of the eye 9a (i.e., the distance equivalent to the lengths of the arrows 93 and 94) as the degree of convergence. In this way, the image processing device 1 may calculate a value indicating the relative position of the pupil 9c in the eye 9a as the degree of convergence.
- the image processing device 1 may perform a normalization process to convert the pupil size and interpupillary distance, etc., from a size based on the number of pixels on the camera image to a size of a predetermined scale (e.g., actual size), and generate pupil information indicating the normalized pupil size and interpupillary distance.
- the image processing device 1 may normalize the pupil size and interpupillary distance based on the size of the iris 9b, taking advantage of the characteristics that the size of the iris 9b varies little between individuals and does not change over time.
- the image processing device 1 may recognize the actual pupil size and interpupillary distance by three-dimensionally reconstructing the face of the subject 6 from the camera images of the multiple cameras based on any three-dimensional reconstruction technology such as SfM (Structure From Motion).
- SfM Structure From Motion
- Figure 6 is an example of a graph showing the change in pupil size over time associated with near vision response.
- subject 6 switches from far vision to near vision, causing subject 6's pupil size (pupil radius in this case) to gradually decrease from the maximum value "Dmax” over a latency period, reaching the minimum value "Dmin” at time "t2". After that, the pupil size expands again, and reaches a steady state around time "t3", a predetermined time after time t2.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, as near vision response indices, the maximum pupil contraction amount corresponding to the length of arrow 95 (i.e., Dmax-Dmin), the maximum pupil contraction rate corresponding to the ratio of size Dmax to size Dmin, the pupil contraction speed corresponding to the slope of line 96, the re-dilation speed corresponding to the slope of line 97, etc.
- the slope of line 96 corresponds to the speed of pupil size decrease during the period of pupil size decrease
- the slope of line 97 corresponds to the speed of pupil size increase during the period of pupil size increase (re-dilation).
- the near vision response index based on pupil size is not limited to the index described above, but may be any index based on a time series of pupil size measured in the period before and after switching from far vision to near vision.
- the image processing device 1 may also calculate the far vision response index based on pupil size in the same manner as the near vision response index described above.
- Figure 7 is an example of a graph showing the change over time in the degree of convergence recognized when a near vision instruction is given by the second instruction unit 17 and then a far vision instruction is given by the first instruction unit 14.
- the degree of convergence is set to a larger value as the degree of the eyes becomes higher.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, as the near vision response index, the difference between the minimum value of the convergence corresponding to the far vision state and the maximum value of the convergence corresponding to the near vision state (corresponding to the length of the arrow 95a) and the increase speed of the convergence (corresponding to the slope of the arrow 97a), as in the example of FIG. 6.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, as the far vision response index, the difference between the maximum value of the convergence corresponding to the near vision state and the minimum value of the convergence corresponding to the far vision state (corresponding to the length of the arrow 98a) and the decrease speed of the convergence during the period of decrease in the convergence accompanying the switch from near vision to far vision (corresponding to the slope of the arrow 96a).
- the difference between the maximum values of the convergence described above is the degree of change in the convergence, and is hereinafter also referred to as the "amount of convergence”.
- the increase speed and decrease speed described above are hereinafter also referred to as the "change speed of the convergence”.
- the amount of convergence and the change speed of the convergence are examples of "indices related to the change in the degree of convergence".
- the near vision response index based on the degree of convergence is not limited to the above-mentioned index, but may be any index based on the time series of the degree of convergence measured in the period before and after switching from far vision to near vision.
- the far vision response index based on the degree of convergence is not limited to the above-mentioned index, but may be any index based on the time series of the degree of convergence measured in the period before and after switching from near vision to far vision.
- FIG. 8 is an example of a flowchart relating to the near vision reaction measurement processing executed by the image processing device 1.
- the image processing device 1 outputs a distance vision instruction to the subject 6 via the output device 3 (step S11). Then, the image processing device 1 generates pupil information (i.e., first pupil information) of the subject 6 based on each of the time-series camera images generated by the camera 51 after step S11 (step S12).
- pupil information i.e., first pupil information
- the image processing device 1 judges whether or not the pupil of the subject 6 is constancy based on the pupil information etc. obtained in step S12 (step S13). In this case, the image processing device 1 judges whether or not the pupil is constancy based on a predetermined number of pieces of pupil information generated in a predetermined period immediately prior to step S12. Then, if the image processing device 1 judges that the pupil of the subject 6 is constancy (step S13; Yes), it proceeds to step S14. On the other hand, if the image processing device 1 judges that the pupil of the subject 6 is not constancy (step S13; No), it continues to step S12 and generates pupil information based on the latest camera image generated by the camera 51.
- the image processing device 1 outputs a near vision instruction to instruct the subject 6 to look at near vision through the output device 3 (step S14). Then, the image processing device 1 generates pupil information (i.e., second pupil information) of the subject 6 based on each of the time-series camera images generated by the camera 51 after step S14 (step S15). Then, the image processing device 1 calculates a near vision response index based on the pupil information (step S16). In this case, the image processing device 1 calculates one or more types of near vision response index based on the time-series second pupil information obtained in step S15 (and the first pupil information obtained in step S12). Note that the image processing device 1 may calculate a time average (or other representative value) of the near vision response index for each type based on multiple samples of the near vision response index obtained by repeating steps S11 to S16 multiple times.
- the image processing device 1 outputs information related to the calculation result of the near vision response index by the output device 3 (step S17).
- the image processing device 1 may determine the state of the subject 6 with respect to the presence or absence of aging phenomena, fatigue, nervous system disease, etc. from the calculated near vision response index according to the application applied, and output the determination result by the output device 3. Examples of applications will be described later.
- the image processing device 1 may output guidance so that the distance (shooting distance) between the subject 6 and the camera 51 is a predetermined distance based on the size of the iris of the subject 6 recognized from the camera image.
- the image processing device 1 outputs a far vision instruction and recognizes the size of the iris of the subject 6 from the camera image. Then, the image processing device 1 judges whether the recognized iris size belongs to the appropriate size range.
- the above-mentioned appropriate size range is a range of iris sizes corresponding to a shooting distance range that is within a distance range preferable for near vision reaction measurement processing, and is, for example, a range stored in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12. Then, when the recognized iris size is outside the appropriate size range, the image processing device 1 outputs information to the output device 3 instructing the subject 6 to adjust the shooting distance.
- the image processing device 1 when the recognized iris size is smaller than the appropriate size range, the image processing device 1 instructs the subject 6 to shorten the shooting distance, and when the recognized iris size is larger than the appropriate size range, the image processing device 1 instructs the subject 6 to lengthen the shooting distance.
- the image processing device 1 may recognize the size of the iris of the subject 6 from the camera image and output guidance regarding the shooting distance based on the judgment result of whether the recognized iris size belongs to the appropriate size range.
- the image processing device 1 can appropriately adjust the shooting distance to a distance suitable for measuring near vision response.
- (Variation 2) Acquiring the second pupil information in time series is not essential, and the image processing device 1 may acquire the second pupil information at least at one point in time in a near vision state.
- the near response output unit 19 calculates a near response index based on the second pupil information based on the camera image generated at a predetermined time after the second instruction unit 17 issues a far-looking instruction, and the first pupil information generated last before the second instruction unit 17 issues a far-looking instruction.
- the above-mentioned predetermined time may be, for example, a time corresponding to the time between time t1 and time t2 in FIG. 6 (i.e., a time during the period when the pupil size decreases), or a time near the steady time t3 (i.e., the time when the state of the pupil becomes steady).
- the near response output unit 19 can calculate the difference between the pupil size indicated by the first pupil information and the pupil size indicated by the second pupil information as the maximum pupil contraction rate. In the latter example, the near response output unit 19 can calculate the difference between the pupil size indicated by the first pupil information and the pupil size indicated by the second pupil information as the difference between the pupil size for near and far vision in the steady state.
- the near vision response measurement system 100 estimates the state (particularly the state related to health) of the subject 6 based on the calculated near vision response index, and outputs the estimated state of the subject 6.
- an application relating to quantitative understanding of functional decline due to aging an application relating to quantitative understanding of eye fatigue, and an application relating to detection of binocular vision abnormalities will be described.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, as near vision response indices, the pupil size in a state of far vision (i.e., the maximum pupil size Dmax), the pupil size in a state of near vision (i.e., the minimum pupil size Dmin or the pupil size after re-dilation), the pupil contraction speed, the amount of convergence, and the change speed of the degree of convergence. Then, the image processing device 1 compares the calculated values of various near vision response indices with the reference values of the near vision response indices to quantitatively estimate the degree of functional deterioration due to aging of the subject 6.
- the above-mentioned reference values may be general reference values of various near vision response indices at the age of the subject 6, or may be past calculated values of the near vision response indices of the subject 6.
- the above-mentioned reference values may also be threshold values for determining the presence or absence or level of functional deterioration due to aging.
- the image processing device 1 may use a model that estimates the degree of functional decline due to aging of the subject 6, and output information output by the model to the output device 3.
- the above-mentioned model is a machine learning model such as an equation, a lookup table, or a neural network, and outputs an estimation result regarding the degree of functional decline due to aging (e.g., the estimated age of the subject 6) when the calculated values of various near vision response indices (or the differences between the calculated values and reference values, etc.) are input.
- the parameters of the above-mentioned model are stored in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- the image processing device 1 may also display a graph that shows the calculated values of various near vision response indices and the corresponding reference values in a comparative manner.
- the subject 6 can easily measure his/her own near vision response using a smartphone or the like, and quantitatively grasp the functional decline due to aging.
- the image processing device 1 can also suggest preventive activities against functional decline due to aging and make the preventive effects of functional decline due to aging visible, thereby increasing the subject 6 (user)'s awareness of continuing to take preventive activities against functional decline due to aging.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, for example, the maximum pupil contraction rate, pupil contraction speed, re-dilation speed, and convergence amount as near vision response indices. The image processing device 1 then compares the calculated values of various near vision response indices with the reference values of the near vision response indices to quantitatively estimate the degree of eye strain of the subject 6. The image processing device 1 then outputs the estimation result to the output device 3.
- the above-mentioned reference values may be general reference values of various near vision response indices for the age of the subject 6, or may be past calculated values of the near vision response indices of the subject 6. The above-mentioned reference values may also be threshold values for determining the presence or absence or level of eye strain of the subject 6.
- the image processing device 1 may use a model for estimating the degree of eye strain of the subject 6, and output information output by the model to the output device 3.
- the above-mentioned model is a machine learning model such as an equation, a lookup table, or a neural network, and outputs an estimation result regarding the degree of eye strain of the subject 6 when, for example, calculated values of various near vision response indices (or differences between the calculated values and reference values, etc.) are input.
- the parameters of the above-mentioned model are stored in advance in the storage device 4 or memory 12, etc.
- the image processing device 1 may display, as information representing the degree of eye strain of the subject 6, a graph that shows a comparison between the calculated values of various near vision response indices and the corresponding reference values.
- the subject 6 can easily measure his/her near vision response using his/her own smartphone or the like, and quantitatively grasp his/her eye strain.
- the image processing device 1 calculates, for example, the maximum pupil contraction rate, pupil contraction velocity, amount of convergence, and rate of change of the degree of convergence as near vision response indices.
- the image processing device 1 calculates a distance vision response index in addition to the near vision response index. Therefore, after the image processing device 1 issues a near vision instruction using the second instruction unit 17, the image processing device 1 again issues a far vision instruction using the first instruction unit 14, and calculates the distance vision response index based on the time-series first pupil information (and the immediately preceding second pupil information) generated by the first pupil information generation unit 15 after the far vision instruction.
- the image processing device 1 calculates the pupil expansion rate, pupil expansion velocity, amount of convergence, and rate of change of the degree of convergence associated with the subject 6's response to switching from a near vision state to a far vision state.
- the "pupil dilation ratio” is the ratio of the pupil size in the near vision state to the pupil size in the subsequent far vision state
- the "pupil dilation speed” is the speed at which the pupil size dilates during the period of pupil size dilation caused by switching from the near vision state to the far vision state.
- the image processing device 1 compares the calculated values of the various near vision response indexes and distance vision response indexes with the reference values of the various near vision response indexes and distance vision response indexes to estimate the binocular vision abnormality of the subject 6.
- the image processing device 1 then outputs the estimation result to the output device 3.
- the above-mentioned reference values may be general standard values of the various near vision response indexes and distance vision response indexes for the age of the subject 6, or may be past calculated values of the near vision response indexes and distance vision response indexes of the subject 6.
- the above-mentioned reference values may also be threshold values for determining the presence or absence or level of binocular vision abnormality of the subject 6.
- the above-mentioned threshold value be set as a reference value for determining whether or not the subject 6 is in any of the above-mentioned states.
- the subject 6 can easily measure his/her near vision response using his/her own smartphone or the like, and understand the results of the binocular vision abnormality assessment.
- the image processing device 1 can also suggest preventive activities according to the results of the binocular vision abnormality assessment and make the preventive effects visible, thereby increasing the subject 6's awareness of continuing preventive activities regarding binocular vision abnormalities.
- This application can be used not only for self-checks by the subject 6, but also for checks by parents if the subject 6 is a minor.
- Second Embodiment 9 shows a schematic configuration of a near vision reaction measurement system 100A in the second embodiment.
- the near vision reaction measurement system 100A according to the second embodiment has an image processing device 1A that functions as a server, and a terminal device 8 that is used by a subject and functions as a client.
- the image processing device 1A and the terminal device 8 perform data communication via a network 99.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are appropriately designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the terminal device 8 is a terminal used by a user who is to be a subject, and has input, display, communication, and imaging functions, and functions as the input device 2, output device 3, and measurement device 5 including camera 51 shown in FIG. 1.
- the terminal device 8 may be, for example, a personal computer, a tablet terminal such as a smartphone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
- the terminal device 8 transmits the facial image of the subject output by the camera 51 to the image processing device 1A via the network 99.
- the image processing device 1A has the same hardware configuration as the image processing device 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the processor 11 of the image processing device 1A has the functional blocks shown in FIG. 4 described in the first embodiment.
- the image processing device 1A receives camera images from the terminal device 8 via the network 99 and executes near vision reaction measurement processing of the subject. In addition, the image processing device 1A transmits an output signal for outputting the processing results to the terminal device 8 via the network 99 based on a display request from the terminal device 8.
- the image processing device 1A in the second embodiment performs processing related to measuring the near vision response of the subject who is the user of the terminal device 8, and can present the near vision response measurement results to the subject via the terminal device 8 in an optimal manner.
- Third Embodiment 10 is a block diagram of an image processing device 1X in the third embodiment.
- the image processing device 1X mainly includes a first instruction means 14X, a first generation means 15X, a continuity determination means 16X, a second instruction means 17X, and a second generation means 18X. Note that the image processing device 1X may be composed of a plurality of devices.
- the first instruction means 14X instructs the subject to be in a first state in which the subject views a first distance ahead.
- the first instruction means 14X can be, for example, the first instruction unit 14 in the first or second embodiment.
- the first generating means 15X generates first pupil information, which is information about the pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in the first state.
- the first generating means 15X can be, for example, the first pupil information generating unit 15 in the first or second embodiment.
- the constancy determination means 16X determines whether or not the subject's pupil is constancy in the first state based on the first pupil information.
- the constancy determination means 16X can be, for example, the constancy determination unit 16 in the first or second embodiment.
- the second instruction means 17X instructs the subject to enter a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance.
- the second instruction means 17X can be, for example, the second instruction unit 17 in the first or second embodiment.
- the second generating means 18X generates second pupil information, which is information about the subject's pupil, based on the image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in the second state.
- the second generating means 18X can be, for example, the second pupil information generating unit 18 in the first or second embodiment.
- the first instruction means 14X instructs the subject to enter a first state in which the subject looks ahead at a first distance (step S21).
- the first generation means 15X generates first pupil information, which is information about the subject's pupil, based on an image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in the first state (step S22).
- the constancy determination means 16X determines whether the pupil of the subject is constancy in the first state based on the first pupil information (step S23). If it is determined that there is constancy, the second instruction means 17X instructs the subject to enter a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance shorter than the first distance (step S24).
- the second generation means 18X generates second pupil information, which is information about the subject's pupil, based on an image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in the second state (step S25).
- the image processing device 1X can suitably acquire pupil information associated with the subject's near vision response.
- Non-transitory computer readable medium includes various types of tangible storage medium.
- Examples of non-transitory computer readable medium include magnetic storage medium (e.g., flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), magneto-optical storage medium (e.g., magneto-optical disks), CD-ROM (Read Only Memory), CD-R, CD-R/W, and semiconductor memory (e.g., mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory)).
- the program may also be supplied to a computer by various types of transitory computer readable medium.
- Examples of transitory computer readable medium include electrical signals, optical signals, and electromagnetic waves.
- the temporary computer-readable medium can provide the program to the computer via a wired communication path, such as an electric wire or optical fiber, or via a wireless communication path.
- [Appendix 1] a first instruction means for instructing the subject to be in a first state in which the subject visually recognizes an object a first distance ahead; a first generating means for generating first pupil information, which is information about a pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; a constancy determination means for determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; a second instruction means for instructing the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance when it is determined that the continuity exists; a second generating means for generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on an image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in a second state;
- An image processing device comprising: [Appendix 2] The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a near vision response calculation means for calculating an index related to a near vision response of the subject based on the second pupil information.
- [Appendix 3] The image processing device according to claim 2, wherein the near vision reaction calculation means calculates the index based on the second pupil information in a time series generated after an instruction to enter the second state is given.
- [Appendix 4] 2. The image processing device according to claim 1, wherein the first pupil information and the second pupil information include information regarding a degree of convergence and a size of the pupil.
- [Appendix 5] The image is an image of at least both eyes of the subject, The image processing device according to claim 4, wherein the first generation means and the second generation means calculate the degree of convergence based on positions of the pupils of both eyes in the image.
- the constancy determination means determines whether or not the pupil is constancy based on whether or not there is a change in focus, whether or not there is a light reflex, and whether or not there is a change in the size of the pupil.
- the first instruction means after generating the second pupil information, instructs the subject to be in the first state again;
- the image processing device described in Appendix 2 wherein the near vision reaction calculation means calculates an index related to the reaction when the subject switches from the second state to the first state based on the second pupil information and the first pupil information generated after the re-instruction.
- the near vision response calculation means calculates, as the index, at least one of a maximum value of the pupil size, a minimum value of the pupil size, a maximum contraction rate of the pupil, a contraction speed of the pupil, a re-dilation speed of the pupil, or an index related to a change in the degree of convergence.
- the near vision reaction calculation means outputs information regarding the subject's condition estimated based on the index by an output device.
- the near vision response calculation means outputs a degree of functional decline due to aging of the subject estimated based on the index as information regarding the condition.
- the computer Instruct the subject to be in a first state in which the subject looks at a first distance ahead; generating first pupil information, which is information about the pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; When it is determined that the continuity exists, instruct the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance; generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on the image generated by the imaging means when the subject is in a second state; Image processing methods.
- [Appendix 14] Instruct the subject to be in a first state in which the subject looks at a first distance ahead; generating first pupil information, which is information about the pupil of the subject, based on an image generated by an imaging means when the subject is in the first state; determining whether or not the pupil of the subject is in the first state based on the first pupil information; when it is determined that the continuity exists, instruct the subject to be in a second state in which the subject looks ahead at a second distance that is shorter than the first distance;
- a storage medium storing a program that causes a computer to execute a process of generating second pupil information, which is information about the pupil, based on an image generated by the photographing means when the subject is in a second state.
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Abstract
Description
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示する第1指示手段と、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成する第1生成手段と、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定する定常性判定手段と、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示する第2指示手段と、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する第2生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置である。
コンピュータが、
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法である。なお、「コンピュータ」は、あらゆる電子機器(電子機器に含まれるプロセッサであってもよい)を含み、かつ、複数の電子機器により構成されてもよい。
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体である。
(1)システム構成
図1は、第1実施形態に係る近見反応計測システム100の概略構成を示す。近見反応計測システム100は、可視光カメラにより被検者6の顔を撮影した画像に基づいて被検者6の近見反応を簡易的に計測するシステムであって、主に、画像処理装置1と、入力装置2と、出力装置3と、記憶装置4と、カメラ(撮像装置)51を含む計測装置5とを備える。被検者6は、例えば、健康状態の管理(セルフケアを含む)を目的として、近見反応計測システム100により自身の近見反応の計測を簡易的に行う。
図3は、画像処理装置1のハードウェア構成を示す。画像処理装置1は、ハードウェアとして、プロセッサ11と、メモリ12と、インターフェース13とを含む。プロセッサ11、メモリ12及びインターフェース13は、データバス90を介して接続されている。
次に、近見反応の計測に関する処理である近見反応計測処理について説明する。概略的には、画像処理装置1は、被検者6に遠見を指示した後に生成されるカメラ画像に基づいて被検者6の瞳孔が定常状態となったか否か判定する。そして、画像処理装置1は、被検者6の瞳孔が定常状態となった場合に被検者6に近見を指示し、当該指示後に生成されるカメラ画像から認識した被検者6の時系列の瞳孔に関する情報に基づいて、近見反応に関する指標を算出する。これにより、画像処理装置1は、カメラ画像に基づいて近見反応を好適に計測することが可能となる。
(a)被検者6の焦点が変化していない
(b)対光反応がない
(c)瞳孔サイズが安定している
の条件(a)~(c)が所定時間継続して全て満たされた場合に、定常性があると判定し、条件(a)~(c)のいずれかが所定時間継続して満たされていない場合に、定常性がないと判定する。上述の所定時間の長さは、例えば、記憶装置4又はメモリ12等に予め記憶された既定値である。
まず、瞳孔情報の具体例について説明する。図5は、被検者6の顔を撮影したカメラ画像の一例である。
図8は、画像処理装置1が実行する近見反応計測処理に関するフローチャートの一例である。
次に、上述した実施形態の変形例について説明する。以下の変形例は任意に組み合わせて上述した実施形態に適用してもよい。
画像処理装置1は、遠見指示及び近見指示において、カメラ画像から認識した被検者6の虹彩のサイズに基づいて、被検者6とカメラ51との距離(撮影距離)が予め定めた距離となるように、ガイダンスを出力してもよい。
時系列の第2瞳孔情報の取得は必須ではなく、画像処理装置1は、近見の状態での少なくとも1時点での第2瞳孔情報を取得してもよい。
次に、近見反応計測システム100のアプリケーションについて例示する。以下のアプリケーションでは、近見反応計測システム100は、算出した近見反応指標に基づき、被検者6の状態(特に健康に関する状態)を推定し、被検者6の状態の推定結果を出力する。ここでは、近見反応計測システム100のアプリケーションの具体例として、加齢による機能低下の定量把握に関するアプリケーション、眼精疲労の定量把握に関するアプリケーション、及び両眼視異常の検知に関するアプリケーションについて例示する。
加齢による機能低下の定量把握に関するアプリケーションでは、例えば、画像処理装置1は、近見反応指標として、遠見の状態での瞳孔サイズ(即ち瞳孔サイズの最大値Dmax)と、近見の状態での瞳孔サイズ(即ち瞳孔サイズの最小値Dmin又は再拡張後の瞳孔サイズ)と、瞳孔収縮速度、輻輳量、及び輻輳度の変化速度等と、を夫々算出する。そして、画像処理装置1は、算出した各種の近見反応指標の算出値と、近見反応指標の参考値とを比較し、被検者6の加齢による機能低下の度合いを定量的に推定する。そして、画像処理装置1は、推定結果を出力装置3に出力する。上述の参考値は、被検者6の年齢における一般的な各種の近見反応指標の基準値であってもよく、被検者6の近見反応指標の算出値の過去の算出値であってもよい。また、上述の参考値は、加齢による機能低下の有無又はレベルを判定するための閾値であってもよい。
眼精疲労の定量把握に関するアプリケーションでは、画像処理装置1は、例えば、近見反応指標として、最大瞳孔収縮率、瞳孔収縮速度、再拡張速度、及び輻輳量等を算出する。そして、画像処理装置1は、算出した各種の近見反応指標の算出値と、近見反応指標の参考値とを比較し、被検者6の眼精疲労の度合いを定量的に推定する。そして、画像処理装置1は、推定結果を出力装置3に出力する。上述の参考値は、被検者6の年齢における一般的な各種の近見反応指標の基準値であってもよく、被検者6の近見反応指標の過去の算出値であってもよい。また、上述の参考値は、被検者6の眼精疲労の有無又はレベルを判定するための閾値であってもよい。
次に、両眼視異常(スマートフォンの使用による内斜視も含む)の検知に関するアプリケーションについて説明する。
図9は、第2実施形態における近見反応計測システム100Aの概略構成を示す。第2実施形態に係る近見反応計測システム100Aは、サーバとして機能する画像処理装置1Aと、被検者が使用し、クライアントとして機能する端末装置8とを有する。画像処理装置1Aと端末装置8とは、ネットワーク99を介してデータ通信を行う。以後では、第1実施形態と同一構成要素については、適宜同一符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
図10は、第3実施形態における画像処理装置1Xのブロック図である。画像処理装置1Xは、主に、第1指示手段14Xと、第1生成手段15Xと、定常性判定手段16Xと、第2指示手段17Xと、第2生成手段18Xと、を有する。なお、画像処理装置1Xは、複数の装置により構成されてもよい。
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示する第1指示手段と、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成する第1生成手段と、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定する定常性判定手段と、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示する第2指示手段と、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する第2生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置。
[付記2]
前記第2瞳孔情報に基づいて、前記被検者の近見反応に関する指標を算出する近見反応算出手段をさらに有する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記3]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記第2状態となるように指示が行われた後に生成された時系列の前記第2瞳孔情報に基づいて、前記指標を算出する、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記4]
前記第1瞳孔情報と前記第2瞳孔情報は、輻輳の度合いと前記瞳孔のサイズとに関する情報を含む、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記5]
前記画像は、前記被検者の両目を少なくとも撮影した画像であり、
前記第1生成手段及び前記第2生成手段は、前記画像における前記両目の瞳孔の位置に基づき、前記輻輳の度合いを算出する、付記4に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記6]
前記定常性判定手段は、焦点が変化の有無、対光反射の有無、及び前記瞳孔のサイズの変化の有無に基づき、前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定する、付記1に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記7]
前記第1指示手段は、前記第2瞳孔情報の生成後、前記被検者が前記第1状態になるように再指示を行い、
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記第2瞳孔情報と、前記再指示後に生成された前記第1瞳孔情報と、に基づいて、前記被検者が前記第2状態から前記第1状態に切り替わったときの反応に関する指標を算出する、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記8]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標として、前記瞳孔のサイズの最大値、前記サイズの最小値、前記瞳孔の最大収縮率、前記瞳孔の収縮速度、前記瞳孔の再拡張速度、又は輻輳の度合いの変化に関する指標の少なくともいずれかを算出する、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記9]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の状態に関する情報を出力装置により出力する、付記2に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記10]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の加齢による機能低下の度合いを、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、付記9に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記11]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の眼精疲労の度合いを、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、付記9に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記12]
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の両眼視異常に関する情報を、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、付記9に記載の画像処理装置。
[付記13]
コンピュータが、
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法。
[付記14]
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体。
2 入力装置
3 出力装置
4 記憶装置
5 計測装置
8 端末装置
11 プロセッサ
12 メモリ
13 インターフェース
51 カメラ
90 データバス
99 ネットワーク
100、100A 近見反応計測システム
Claims (14)
- 被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示する第1指示手段と、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成する第1生成手段と、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定する定常性判定手段と、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示する第2指示手段と、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する第2生成手段と、
を有する画像処理装置。 - 前記第2瞳孔情報に基づいて、前記被検者の近見反応に関する指標を算出する近見反応算出手段をさらに有する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記第2状態となるように指示が行われた後に生成された時系列の前記第2瞳孔情報に基づいて、前記指標を算出する、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記第1瞳孔情報と前記第2瞳孔情報は、輻輳の度合いと前記瞳孔のサイズとに関する情報を含む、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記画像は、前記被検者の両目を少なくとも撮影した画像であり、
前記第1生成手段及び前記第2生成手段は、前記画像における前記両目の瞳孔の位置に基づき、前記輻輳の度合いを算出する、請求項4に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記定常性判定手段は、焦点が変化の有無、対光反射の有無、及び前記瞳孔のサイズの変化の有無に基づき、前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定する、請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記第1指示手段は、前記第2瞳孔情報の生成後、前記被検者が前記第1状態になるように再指示を行い、
前記近見反応算出手段は、前記再指示後に生成された前記第1瞳孔情報に基づいて、前記被検者が前記第2状態から前記第1状態に切り替わったときの反応に関する指標を算出する、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標として、前記瞳孔のサイズの最大値、前記サイズの最小値、前記瞳孔の最大収縮率、前記瞳孔の収縮速度、前記瞳孔の再拡張速度、又は輻輳の度合いの変化に関する指標の少なくともいずれかを算出する、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の状態に関する情報を出力装置により出力する、請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の加齢による機能低下の度合いを、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、請求項9に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の眼精疲労の度合いを、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、請求項9に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記近見反応算出手段は、前記指標に基づき推定した前記被検者の両眼視異常に関する情報を、前記状態に関する情報として出力する、請求項9に記載の画像処理装置。
- コンピュータが、
被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する、
画像処理方法。 - 被検者が第1距離だけ先を視認する第1状態になるように指示し、
前記被検者が前記第1状態の場合において撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記被検者の瞳孔に関する情報である第1瞳孔情報を生成し、
前記第1瞳孔情報に基づき、前記被検者の前記第1状態での前記瞳孔の定常性の有無を判定し、
前記定常性があると判定した場合に、前記被検者が前記第1距離より短い第2距離だけ離れて先を視認する第2状態となるように指示し、
前記被検者が第2状態の場合において前記撮影手段が生成した画像に基づき、前記瞳孔に関する情報である第2瞳孔情報を生成する処理をコンピュータに実行させるプログラムが格納された記憶媒体。
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| WO2002003853A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-17 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Dispositif de mesure de la pupille |
| JP2005230459A (ja) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-02 | Tsuneto Iwasaki | 三次元ディスプレイを用いた輻湊性調節対輻湊比の測定方法 |
| WO2020226133A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | 一般財団法人Marie Foundation | 機能回復訓練システム、機能回復訓練装置およびプログラム |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002003853A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-17 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Dispositif de mesure de la pupille |
| JP2005230459A (ja) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-02 | Tsuneto Iwasaki | 三次元ディスプレイを用いた輻湊性調節対輻湊比の測定方法 |
| WO2020226133A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | 一般財団法人Marie Foundation | 機能回復訓練システム、機能回復訓練装置およびプログラム |
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