WO2024198403A1 - 显示面板及显示面板的制作方法 - Google Patents

显示面板及显示面板的制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024198403A1
WO2024198403A1 PCT/CN2023/133094 CN2023133094W WO2024198403A1 WO 2024198403 A1 WO2024198403 A1 WO 2024198403A1 CN 2023133094 W CN2023133094 W CN 2023133094W WO 2024198403 A1 WO2024198403 A1 WO 2024198403A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
layer
display panel
prism
equilateral
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/133094
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕恒
周运红
贺强
余洋
李利娟
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2024198403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024198403A1/zh
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/126—Shielding, e.g. light-blocking means over the TFTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a method for manufacturing the display panel.
  • LTPS Low Temperature Poly-Silicon
  • HUD Head-up Display
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • LTPS has a certain light sensitivity.
  • the light energy causes the carrier energy level to jump, which easily generates leakage current, thus affecting the display effect.
  • a light shielding layer made of metal Mo (molybdenum) is usually set in the display panel, and the light shielding layer is used to shield the backlight for LTPS to avoid strong light from irradiating LTPS, thereby preventing it from generating leakage current.
  • the thickness of the light shielding layer is usually set to be thinner.
  • the brightness of the backlight is usually set to be higher, so that the backlight can penetrate the light shielding layer and irradiate the LTPS, causing it to generate leakage current, resulting in a poor display effect of the display panel.
  • LTPS has a certain degree of light sensitivity. When it is in a high-brightness environment, the light energy causes the carrier energy level to jump, which easily generates leakage current, thus affecting the display effect.
  • the present application provides a display panel and a method for manufacturing the display panel, which are used to alleviate the technical problem of poor display effect of the current display panel.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application is as follows;
  • the present application provides a display panel, comprising:
  • a light shielding layer is disposed on the surface of the base substrate
  • a driving circuit layer is disposed on the surface of the base substrate and covers the light shielding layer;
  • a first light guide layer is disposed below the base substrate; the first light guide layer comprises a first light dispersing portion and a first light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the first light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a second light guide layer is disposed below the first light guide layer; the second light guide layer comprises a second light scattering portion and a second light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the second light scattering portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a light-emitting layer is disposed below the second light-guiding layer; a light-emitting side of the light-emitting layer faces the second light-guiding layer;
  • the alignment accuracy error between the first light guide layer and the light shielding layer is less than 3 um.
  • a display panel including:
  • a light shielding layer is disposed on the surface of the base substrate
  • a driving circuit layer is disposed on the surface of the base substrate and covers the light shielding layer;
  • a first light guide layer is disposed below the base substrate; the first light guide layer comprises a first light dispersing portion and a first light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the first light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a second light guide layer is disposed below the first light guide layer; the second light guide layer comprises a second light scattering portion and a second light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the second light scattering portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • the light-emitting layer is arranged below the second light-guiding layer; the light-emitting side of the light-emitting layer faces the second light-guiding layer.
  • the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, including:
  • a light shielding layer and a driving circuit layer are formed on the surface of the base substrate; the driving circuit layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a first light guiding layer is prepared below the base substrate; the first light guiding layer comprises a first light dispersing portion and a first light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the first light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a second light guiding layer is prepared below the first light guiding layer;
  • the second light guiding layer comprises a second light dispersing portion and a second light gathering portion, and the orthographic projection of the second light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer;
  • a light-emitting layer is prepared below the second light-guiding layer; the light-emitting side of the light-emitting layer faces the second light-guiding layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel in the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first light guide layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 b is another schematic diagram of the structure of the first light guide layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second light guide layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 b is another schematic diagram of the structure of the second light guide layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a base substrate 1, a light shading layer 2 arranged on the surface of the base substrate 1, a driving circuit layer 3 arranged on the surface of the base substrate 1 and covering the light shading layer 2, a first light guide layer 4 arranged below the base substrate 1, a second light guide layer 5 arranged below the first light guide layer 4, and a light emitting layer 6 arranged below the second light guide layer 5, wherein the first light guide layer 4 includes a first light scattering portion 41 and a first light gathering portion 42, and the orthographic projection of the first light scattering portion 41 on the light shading layer 2 covers the light shading layer 2, the second light guide layer 5 includes a second light scattering portion 51 and a second light gathering portion 52, and the orthographic projection of the second light scattering portion 51 on the light shading layer 2 covers the light shading layer, and the light emitting side of the light emitting layer 6 faces the second light guide layer 5.
  • the base substrate 1 is the supporting structure of the display panel, which is used to support the functional structural layer in the display panel to ensure the structural stability of the display panel;
  • the shading layer 2 is used to balance the intensity of the light emitted by the backlight source so that the light irradiated to various places in the display panel is uniform;
  • the driving circuit layer 3 is used to control the pixel array in the display panel so that the pixel array displays the corresponding image;
  • the first light guiding layer 4 and the second light guiding layer 5 are used to change the light path, the first light dispersing part 41 and the second light dispersing part 51 are used to disperse the light to the surroundings, and the first light gathering part 42 and the second light gathering part 52 are used to gather the light to one place;
  • the light-emitting layer 6 i.e., the backlight source
  • the backlight source is used to emit backlight.
  • some display products have high requirements for display resolution, power consumption and image quality: for example, head-up display, which reflects light through lenses and projects it onto the car's windshield, so that the driver can clearly see driving information even in a head-up state; or virtual reality display, which uses three-dimensional graphics technology, multimedia technology, simulation technology, reality technology and servo technology to generate three-dimensional virtual images with realistic effects.
  • head-up display which reflects light through lenses and projects it onto the car's windshield, so that the driver can clearly see driving information even in a head-up state
  • virtual reality display which uses three-dimensional graphics technology, multimedia technology, simulation technology, reality technology and servo technology to generate three-dimensional virtual images with realistic effects.
  • low-temperature polysilicon with the characteristics of high resolution, fast response speed and high brightness is currently usually selected as the liquid crystal material of the display panel.
  • low-temperature polysilicon also has a certain light sensitivity.
  • the light energy causes the carrier energy level to jump, so that its off-state current cannot be effectively suppressed, thereby generating leakage current, which in turn affects the display effect.
  • a metal light-shielding layer 10 made of Mo is usually set in the display panel, and the metal light-shielding layer 10 is used to shield the backlight for the low-temperature polysilicon 20 to avoid strong light from irradiating the low-temperature polysilicon 20, thereby avoiding leakage current.
  • the thickness of the metal light-shielding layer 10 is usually set to be thinner (usually set to 0.05um).
  • the brightness of the backlight is usually set to be higher (especially when applied to head-up display and virtual reality display, the backlight brightness usually reaches 100,000-200,000 nits), so that the backlight can penetrate the metal light-shielding layer 10 and irradiate the low-temperature polysilicon 20, causing it to generate leakage current, resulting in poor display effect of the display panel (such as residual image, contrast reduction, etc.).
  • a first light guide layer 4 and a second light guide layer 5 are sequentially arranged under the base substrate 1, and the orthographic projections of the first light dispersing portion 41 of the first light guide layer 4 and the second light dispersing portion 51 of the second light guide layer 5 on the shading layer 2 both cover the shading layer 2.
  • the light-emitting layer 6 emits backlight
  • the light will be sequentially dispersed by the second light dispersing portion 51 and the first light dispersing portion 41 in the process of irradiating the shading layer 2 (the path indicated by the arrow is the light propagation path), so that the amount of backlight reaching the shading layer 2 is small (that is, the luminous flux of the shading layer 2 is small), thereby preventing the backlight from penetrating the shading layer 2, thereby avoiding the leakage current of the photosensitive device, and effectively improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the first light gathering portion 42 is adjacent to the first light dispersing portion 41
  • the second light gathering portion 52 is adjacent to the second light dispersing portion 51, so the orthographic projections of the first light gathering portion 42 and the second light gathering portion 52 on the light shading layer 2 have no intersection with the light shading layer 2, and after the light-emitting layer 6 emits backlight, the light will be gathered in sequence by the second light gathering portion 52 and the first light gathering portion 42, so that the amount of backlight reaching the non-light-shielding area is more (that is, the luminous flux of the non-light-shielding area is more), thereby increasing the display brightness of the display panel and further improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the first light dispersing portion 41 is a concave lens
  • the first light gathering portion 42 is a convex lens
  • the focal length of the concave lens is smaller than that of the convex lens, so that the refractive power of the concave lens is stronger and the refractive power of the convex lens is weaker.
  • the concave lens After the light is incident on the concave lens, the concave lens will scatter it, so that the light emitted from the concave lens is dispersed to the surroundings; after the light is incident on the convex lens, the convex lens will gather it, so that the light emitted from the convex lens is gathered to the middle area (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • the first light dispersing portion 41 is a first convex lens
  • the first light gathering portion 42 is a second convex lens, wherein the first convex lens and the second convex lens have different refractive powers, the first convex lens has a stronger refractive power, and the second convex lens has a weaker refractive power.
  • the first convex lens After the light is incident on the first convex lens, the first convex lens will scatter it, so that the light emitted from the first convex lens is dispersed around; after the light is incident on the second convex lens, the second convex lens will gather it, so that the light emitted from the second convex lens is gathered to the middle area (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • the first light dispersing portion includes a concave lens; the first light collecting portion includes a convex lens;
  • the refractive power of the convex lens is weaker than the refractive power of the concave lens.
  • the second light dispersing portion includes a right-angle prism; the second light converging portion includes an equilateral prism;
  • the height of the right-angle prism is different from the height of the equilateral prism.
  • the second light dispersing portion includes a first equilateral prism, and the bottom of the first equilateral prism is coated with a diffuse reflection material;
  • the second light focusing unit includes a second equilateral prism
  • the first equilateral prism and the second equilateral prism have the same height.
  • the driving circuit layer includes:
  • a buffer layer is disposed on the surface of the base substrate; the light shielding layer is located in the buffer layer;
  • a polysilicon layer is disposed on the surface of the buffer layer; the orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the polysilicon layer covers the polysilicon layer;
  • an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the buffer layer and covering the polysilicon layer
  • the gate layer is arranged on the surface of the insulating layer.
  • the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer and a second buffer layer stacked in sequence
  • the first buffer layer is attached to the surface of the base substrate
  • the second buffer layer is disposed between the first buffer layer and the insulating layer.
  • the alignment accuracy error between the first light guide layer and the light shielding layer is less than 3 um.
  • the first light dispersing part is precisely arranged directly below the light-shielding layer and the first light focusing part is precisely arranged directly below the non-light-shielding area.
  • the size of the light-shielding layer is usually small (usually its length is set to 8.5um and its width is 8um). Therefore, in the actual preparation process, there are high requirements for the alignment accuracy between the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer.
  • the production accuracy of the first light-guiding layer can be controlled to a minimum (usually up to 1um), and the alignment accuracy between the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer can be controlled within 3um.
  • the first light-guiding layer can be flattened by the OC process to make the surface of the first light-guiding layer smooth, so that the first light-guiding layer can be precisely attached to the surface of the substrate, thereby ensuring that the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer have a high alignment accuracy.
  • the second light dispersing portion 51 includes a right-angle prism
  • the second light focusing portion 52 includes an equilateral prism
  • the height of the right-angle prism is not equal to the height of the equilateral prism.
  • the right-angle prism and the equilateral prism utilize their internal structural characteristics to control the refraction, total reflection and/or light accumulation of light, thereby controlling the distribution of light. Specifically, due to the different internal structures and heights of the right-angle prism and the equilateral prism, the propagation paths of light after being incident on the right-angle prism and the equilateral prism are also different.
  • the right-angle prism After the light is incident on the right-angle prism, it will be refracted to the surroundings, and after the light is incident on the equilateral prism, it will be refracted to the middle area. In addition, part of the light falling outside the viewing angle will be reflected back into the viewing angle, thereby reducing the loss of light and improving the brightness and uniformity of the display panel (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • the second light dispersing portion 51 includes a first equilateral prism, and the bottom of the first equilateral prism is coated with a diffuse reflection material 511, and the second light focusing portion 52 includes a second equilateral prism.
  • the first equilateral prism and the second equilateral prism have the same height.
  • the bottom of the first equilateral prism is coated with a diffuse reflection material 511, so that the light is dispersed when passing through the diffuse reflection material 511, so that the light emitted from the first equilateral prism is dispersed to the surroundings, and the light emitted from the second equilateral prism is concentrated to the middle area (the path shown by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • a layer of fog coating can be coated on the bottom of the first equilateral prism to replace the diffuse reflection material.
  • the arrangement positions of the light scattering parts (the first light scattering part and the second light scattering part) and the light gathering parts (the first light gathering part and the second light gathering part) are determined by the positions of the devices/film layers in the display panel.
  • the incident direction of light is from bottom to top
  • the devices that need to reduce the luminous flux are set in area A
  • the devices that need to increase the luminous flux are set in area B. Therefore, the light scattering part is arranged in area A’ just below area A
  • the light gathering part is arranged in area B’ just below area B, so that the light scattering part and the light gathering part can effectively play the role of light scattering/gathering. Therefore, no specific limitation is made on the arrangement positions of the light scattering part and the light gathering part.
  • the driving circuit layer 3 includes: a buffer layer disposed on the surface of the base substrate 1, a polysilicon layer 34 disposed on the surface of the buffer layer, an insulating layer 33 disposed on the surface of the buffer layer and covering the polysilicon layer 34, and a gate layer 35 disposed on the surface of the insulating layer 33, wherein the light-shielding layer 2 is located in the buffer layer, and the orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer 2 on the polysilicon layer 34 covers the polysilicon layer 34.
  • the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer 31 and a second buffer layer 32 which are stacked in sequence.
  • the first buffer layer 31 is attached to the surface of the base substrate 1, and the second buffer layer 32 is arranged between the first buffer layer 31 and the insulating layer 33.
  • SiNx silicon nitride
  • SiNx is used as the preparation material of the first buffer layer 31 to prevent various ions (for example, Al ions, Ba ions and Na ions) from diffusing into the polysilicon layer 34, thereby further reducing the leakage current generated by the polysilicon layer 34.
  • SiOx is used as the preparation material of the second buffer layer 32.
  • the preparation materials of the first buffer layer 31 and the second buffer layer 32 can also be other materials, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the display panel provided by the present application includes: a substrate, a light shielding layer arranged on the surface of the substrate, a driving circuit layer arranged on the surface of the substrate and covering the light shielding layer, a first light guide layer arranged below the substrate, a second light guide layer arranged below the first light guide layer, and a light emitting layer arranged below the second light guide layer, wherein the first light guide layer includes a first light dispersing portion and a first light gathering portion, the orthographic projection of the first light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer, the second light guide layer includes a second light dispersing portion and a second light gathering portion, the orthographic projection of the second light dispersing portion on the light shielding layer covers the light shielding layer, and the light emitting side of the light emitting layer faces the second light guide layer.
  • the backlight emitted by the light emitting layer will be dispersed by the second light dispersing portion and the first light dispersing portion in sequence during the process of irradiating the light shielding layer, so that the amount of backlight reaching the light shielding layer is small, and the phenomenon of backlight penetrating the light shielding layer is avoided, thereby avoiding leakage current of the photosensitive device, and thus improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, as shown in FIG5 , which is a method for manufacturing a display panel provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the specific process may be as follows:
  • the base substrate is a supporting structure of the display panel, and is used to support the functional structural layers within the display panel to ensure the structural stability of the display panel.
  • PI Polyimide
  • one or more combinations of polymer resins of polyether sulfone, polyacrylate, polyetherimide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate and cellulose acetate propionate can also be selected as the material of the substrate, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • a light shielding layer and a driving circuit layer are formed on the surface of the base substrate, wherein the driving circuit layer covers the light shielding layer.
  • the shading layer is used to balance the intensity of the light emitted by the backlight source so that the light irradiated to each location in the display panel is uniform; the driving circuit layer is used to control the pixel array in the display panel so that the pixel array displays the corresponding image.
  • the first light guide layer is used to change the light path
  • the first light dispersing portion is used to disperse the light to all directions
  • the first light converging portion is used to converge the light to one place.
  • a concave lens and a convex lens are first prepared under the substrate, and the concave lens and the convex lens are arranged according to a preset mode (i.e., the arrangement positions of the concave lens and the convex lens, which depends on the positions of the devices in the display panel) based on actual conditions, and the concave lens is used as the first light dispersing portion 41, and the convex lens is used as the first light gathering portion 42, wherein the focal length of the concave lens is smaller than the focal length of the convex lens, and thus the refractive power of the concave lens is stronger, and the refractive power of the convex lens is weaker, and after the light is incident on the concave lens, the concave lens will scatter it, so that the light emitted from the concave lens is dispersed around; after the light is incident on the convex lens, the convex lens will gather it, so that the light e
  • a preset mode i.e.,
  • a first convex lens and a second convex lens are first prepared under the substrate, and the first convex lens and the second convex lens are arranged according to a preset pattern based on actual conditions, and the first convex lens is used as the first light dispersing portion 41, and the second convex lens is used as the first light gathering portion 42, wherein the first convex lens and the second convex lens have different refractive powers, the first convex lens has a stronger refractive power, and the second convex lens has a weaker refractive power, and after the light is incident on the first convex lens, the first convex lens will scatter it, so that the light emitted from the first convex lens is dispersed around; after the light is incident on the second convex lens, the second convex lens will gather it, so that the light emitted from the second convex lens is gathered to the middle area (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light
  • the first light dispersing part is precisely arranged directly below the light-shielding layer and the first light gathering part is precisely arranged directly below the non-light-shielding area.
  • the size of the light-shielding layer is usually small (usually its length is set to 8.5um and its width is 8um). Therefore, in the actual preparation process, there are high requirements for the alignment accuracy between the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer.
  • the manufacturing accuracy of the first light-guiding layer can be controlled to a minimum (usually up to 1um), and the alignment accuracy between the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer is controlled within 3um.
  • the first light-guiding layer can be flattened by the OC process to make the surface of the first light-guiding layer smooth, so that the first light-guiding layer can be precisely attached to the surface of the substrate, thereby ensuring that the first light-guiding layer and the light-shielding layer have a high alignment accuracy.
  • the temperature range of the glass used in the preparation of the first light-guiding layer is -40-110°C.
  • the orthographic projections of the first light dispersing portion on the light shading layer all cover the light shading layer, the light will be dispersed by the first light dispersing portion when it is irradiated to the light shading layer, so that the amount of backlight reaching the light shading layer is less (that is, the luminous flux of the light shading layer is less), thereby preventing the backlight from penetrating the light shading layer, and further avoiding leakage current in the photosensitive device, effectively improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the first light gathering portion is adjacent to the first light dispersing portion, so the orthographic projections of the first light gathering portion on the light shading layer have no intersection with the light shading layer, and the light will be gathered by the first light gathering portion, so that the amount of backlight reaching the non-light shading area is more (that is, the luminous flux of the non-light shading area is more), thereby increasing the display brightness of the display panel and further improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the second light guide layer is used to change the light path
  • the second light dispersing portion is used to disperse the light to all directions
  • the second light converging portion is used to converge the light to one place.
  • right-angle prisms and equilateral prisms of different heights are prepared below the first light-guiding layer, and then the right-angle prisms and equilateral prisms are arranged according to a preset pattern, and the right-angle prisms are used as the second light dispersing portion 51, and the equilateral prisms are used as the second light gathering portion 52, wherein the right-angle prisms and the equilateral prisms utilize their internal structural characteristics to control the refraction, total reflection and/or light accumulation of light, thereby controlling the distribution of light.
  • the propagation paths of light after being incident on the right-angle prism and the equilateral prism are also different, wherein the light will be refracted to the surroundings after being incident on the right-angle prism, and will be refracted to the middle area after being incident on the equilateral prism.
  • part of the light falling outside the viewing angle will be reflected back into the viewing angle, thereby reducing the loss of light and improving the brightness and uniformity of the display panel (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • a first equilateral prism and a second equilateral prism of equal height are prepared below the first light-guiding layer, and a diffuse reflection material 511 is coated on the bottom of the first equilateral prism, and the first equilateral prism coated with the diffuse reflection material 511 is used as the second light dispersing portion 51, and the second equilateral prism is used as the second light gathering portion 52.
  • the diffuse reflection material 511 is coated on the bottom of the first equilateral prism, so that the light is dispersed when passing through the diffuse reflection material 511, so that the light emitted from the first equilateral prism is dispersed to the surroundings, and the light emitted from the second equilateral prism is concentrated to the middle area (the path indicated by the arrow in the figure is the light propagation path).
  • a layer of fog coating can be coated on the bottom of the first equilateral prism to replace the diffuse reflection material.
  • the orthographic projections of the second light dispersing portion on the light shading layer all cover the light shading layer, the light will be dispersed by the second light dispersing portion when it is irradiated to the light shading layer, so that the amount of backlight reaching the light shading layer is less (that is, the luminous flux of the light shading layer is less), thereby preventing the backlight from penetrating the light shading layer, and further avoiding leakage current in the photosensitive device, effectively improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the second light gathering portion is adjacent to the second light dispersing portion, so the orthographic projections of the second light gathering portion on the light shading layer have no intersection with the light shading layer, and the light will be gathered by the second light gathering portion, so that the amount of backlight reaching the non-light shading area is more (that is, the luminous flux of the non-light shading area is more), thereby increasing the display brightness of the display panel and further improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the light-emitting layer is the light source of the display panel, and is used to provide light for the display panel.
  • the light-emitting effect of the light-emitting layer directly affects the display effect of the display panel.
  • the step of preparing a first light guide layer below the base substrate comprises:
  • the concave lens is used as the first light dispersing portion, and the convex lens is used as the first light collecting portion.
  • the step of preparing the second light guide layer below the first light guide layer comprises:
  • the right-angle prism is used as the second light dispersing part, and the equilateral prism is used as the second light collecting part.
  • the step of preparing a second light guide layer below the first light guide layer further includes:
  • the first equilateral triangular prism coated with the diffuse reflection material is used as the second light dispersing portion, and the second equilateral triangular prism is used as the second light collecting portion.
  • the light-emitting layer is mainly composed of light sources, light guide plates, optical molds and structural parts.
  • the light sources are mainly divided into three types: EL, CCFL and LED;
  • the preparation methods of the light guide plates are mainly divided into printing, chemical etching, precision mechanical engraving, photolithography, internal diffusion and hot pressing;
  • the optical molds are mainly divided into brightening sheets, diffusion sheets, reflective sheets and black/white glue;
  • the structural parts include back panels (iron back panels, aluminum back panels and plastic back panels), glue frames, lamp tube racks, aluminum profiles and aluminum base strips.
  • the light will be dispersed in sequence by the second light dispersing portion 51 and the first light dispersing portion 41 in the process of irradiating the light shielding layer 2 (the path indicated by the arrow is the light propagation path), so that the amount of backlight reaching the light shielding layer 2 is less (that is, the luminous flux of the light shielding layer 2 is less), thereby preventing the backlight from penetrating the light shielding layer 2, and further avoiding leakage current in the photosensitive device, thereby effectively improving the display effect of the display panel.
  • the manufacturing method of the display panel first provides a base substrate, then forms a shading layer and a driving circuit layer on the surface of the base substrate, the driving circuit layer covers the shading layer, and then prepares a first light guide layer under the base substrate, the first light guide layer includes a first light dispersing part and a first light gathering part, the orthographic projection of the first light dispersing part on the shading layer covers the shading layer, and then prepares a second light guide layer under the first light guide layer, the second light guide layer includes a second light dispersing part and a second light gathering part, the orthographic projection of the second light dispersing part on the shading layer covers the shading layer, and finally prepares a light emitting layer under the second light guide layer, the light emitting side of the light emitting layer faces the second light guide layer.
  • the backlight emitted by the light emitting layer will be dispersed by the second light dispersing part and the first light dispersing part in sequence during the process of irradiating to the shading layer, so that the amount of backlight reaching the shading layer is small, and the phenomenon of backlight penetrating the shading layer is avoided, thereby avoiding leakage current of the photosensitive device, and thus improving the display effect of the display panel.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种显示面板及制作方法，包括：衬底基板、遮光层、驱动电路层、第一导光层、第二导光层及发光层，发光层发出的背光在照射至遮光层的过程中会被第二导光层的第二光线分散部和第一导光层的第一光线分散部依次分散，以避免光敏器件产生漏电流，从而改善显示面板的显示效果。

Description

显示面板及显示面板的制作方法 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示面板及显示面板的制作方法。
 背景技术
随着显示技术的不断发展，人们对显示产品的分辨率、功耗和画质的要求越来越高，LTPS（Low Temperature Poly-Silicon，低温多晶硅）凭借其高分辨率、反应速度快和高亮度等优点，被广泛应用于多种具有高画质要求的显示面板制备工艺中（例如，HUD（Head-up Display，平视显示器）和VR（Virtual Reality，虚拟现实技术）显示面板的制备工艺）。
LTPS具有一定的光敏感性，在其处于高亮度环境时，由于光能量引起载流子能级跳跃，因而容易产生漏电流，从而影响显示效果，为此，当前通常在显示面板中设置由金属Mo（钼）制成的遮光层，并利用遮光层为LTPS遮挡背光，以避免强光照射LTPS，从而避免其产生漏电流。然而，为保证显示面板的静电防护能力，通常将遮光层的厚度设置得较薄，另外，为保证显示面板的显示亮度，通常将背光的亮度设置得较高，使得背光能够穿透遮光层并照射至LTPS，导致其产生漏电流，使得显示面板的显示效果较差。
因此需要对现有技术中的问题提出解决方法。
 发明概述
综上所述，LTPS具有一定的光敏感性，在其处于高亮度环境时，由于光能量引起载流子能级跳跃，因而容易产生漏电流，从而影响显示效果。
为解决上述问题，本申请提供一种显示面板及显示面板的制作方法，用于缓解当前显示面板的显示效果差的技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例的第一方面；
本申请提供一种显示面板，包括：
衬底基板；
遮光层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；
驱动电路层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面，且覆盖所述遮光层；
第一导光层，设置于所述衬底基板下方；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
第二导光层，设置于所述第一导光层下方；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
发光层，设置于所述第二导光层下方；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层；
所述第一导光层与所述遮光层之间的对位精度误差小于3um。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，还提供一种显示面板，包括：
衬底基板；
遮光层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；
驱动电路层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面，且覆盖所述遮光层；
第一导光层，设置于所述衬底基板下方；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
第二导光层，设置于所述第一导光层下方；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
发光层，设置于所述第二导光层下方；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，本申请还提供了一种显示面板的制作方法，包括：
提供衬底基板；
在所述衬底基板的表面形成遮光层和驱动电路层；所述驱动电路层覆盖所述遮光层；
在所述衬底基板下方制备第一导光层；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
在所述第二导光层下方制备发光层；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层。
 附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的显示面板的结构示意图。
图2是现有技术中显示面板的结构示意图。
图3a是本申请实施例提供的第一导光层的结构示意图。
图3b是本申请实施例提供的第一导光层的另一结构示意图。
图4a是本申请实施例提供的第二导光层的结构示意图。
图4b是本申请实施例提供的第二导光层的另一结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的显示面板的制作方法的流程示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本揭示可用以实施的特定实施例。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的显示面板的结构示意图，本申请实施例提供的显示面板包括：衬底基板1、设置于衬底基板1表面的遮光层2、设置于衬底基板1表面且覆盖遮光层2的驱动电路层3、设置于衬底基板1下方的第一导光层4、设置于第一导光层4下方的第二导光层5以及设置于第二导光层5下方的发光层6，其中，第一导光层4包括第一光线分散部41和第一光线聚集部42，第一光线分散部41在遮光层2上的正投影覆盖遮光层2，第二导光层5包括第二光线分散部51和第二光线聚集部52，第二光线分散部51在遮光层2上的正投影覆盖遮光层，发光层6的出光侧朝向第二导光层5。
其中，衬底基板1为显示面板的支撑结构，用于支撑显示面板内的功能结构层，以保证显示面板的结构稳定；遮光层2用于平衡背光源发出光线的强度，以使显示面板内各处所照射到的光线均匀；驱动电路层3用于控制显示面板中的像素阵列，以使像素阵列显示对应的图像；第一导光层4和第二导光层5用于改变光线路径，第一光线分散部41和第二光线分散部51用于将光线向四周分散，第一光线聚集部42和第二光线聚集部52用于将光线汇聚至一处；发光层6（即背光源）用于发出背光。
具体地，在实际应用过程中，部分显示产品对于显示分辨率、功耗及画质效果均具有较高的要求：如，平视显示，其将光源通过镜片反射投射至汽车的前风窗玻璃，使得驾驶者在平视状态下也能够清楚看到行车信息；或者，虚拟现实显示，其借助三维图形技术、多媒体技术、仿真技术、现实技术以及伺服技术等生成具有逼真效果的三维虚拟图像，为保证上述显示产品的显示效果，当前通常选用具有高分辨率、反应速度快和高亮度等特点的低温多晶硅作为显示面板的液晶材料。
然而，低温多晶硅还具有一定的光敏感性，在其处于高亮度环境时，由于光能量引起载流子能级跳跃，因而容易使其关态电流无法得到有效抑制，从而产生漏电流，进而影响显示效果，为此，如图2所示，当前通常在显示面板中设置由Mo制成的金属遮光层10，并利用金属遮光层10为低温多晶硅20遮挡背光，以避免强光照射低温多晶硅20，从而避免其产生漏电流，为保证显示面板的静电防护能力，通常将金属遮光层10的厚度设置得较薄（通常设置为0.05um），另外，为保证显示面板的显示亮度，通常将背光的亮度设置得较高（特别是应用于平视显示和虚拟现实显示时，背光亮度通常达到100000-200000nits），使得背光能够穿透金属遮光层10并照射至低温多晶硅20，导致其产生漏电流，使得显示面板的显示效果较差（如出现残影、对比度下降等）。
为了避免上述情况的发生，在本实施例中，如图1所示，通过在衬底基板1下方依次设置第一导光层4和第二导光层5，且第一导光层4的第一光线分散部41和第二导光层5的第二光线分散部51在遮光层2上的正投影均覆盖遮光层2，因而在发光层6发出背光后，光线在照射至遮光层2的过程中会被第二光线分散部51和第一光线分散部41依次分散（箭头所示路径为光线传播路径），使得到达遮光层2的背光量较少（也即遮光层2的光通量较少），从而防止背光穿透遮光层2，进而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，有效改善显示面板的显示效果。
另外，在本实施例中，第一光线聚集部42与第一光线分散部41相邻，第二光线聚集部52与第二光线分散部51相邻，因而第一光线聚集部42和第二光线聚集部52在遮光层2上的正投影均与遮光层2无交集，发光层6发出背光后，光线会被第二光线聚集部52和第一光线聚集部42依次聚集，使得到达非遮光区域的背光量较多（也即非遮光区域的光通量较多），从而增加显示面板的显示亮度，进一步改善了显示面板的显示效果。
具体地，在一个实施例中，如图3a所示，第一光线分散部41为凹透镜，第一光线聚集部42为凸透镜，且凹透镜的焦距小于凸透镜的焦距，因而凹透镜的折光能力较强，凸透镜的折光能力较弱，光线入射至凹透镜后，凹透镜会对其进行散射，使得从凹透镜出射的光线向四周分散；光线入射至凸透镜后，凸透镜会对其进行汇集，使得从凸透镜出射的光线向中间区域聚集（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
在另一个实施例中，如图3b所示，第一光线分散部41为第一凸透镜，第一光线聚集部42为第二凸透镜，其中，第一凸透镜与第二凸透镜的折光能力不同，第一凸透镜的折光能力较强，第二凸透镜的折光能力较弱，光线入射至第一凸透镜后，第一凸透镜会对其进行散射，使得从第一凸透镜出射的光线向四周分散；光线入射至第二凸透镜后，第二凸透镜会对其进行汇集，使得从第二凸透镜出射的光线向中间区域聚集（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述第一光线分散部包括凹透镜；所述第一光线聚集部包括凸透镜；
所述凸透镜的折光能力弱于所述凹透镜的折光能力。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述第二光线分散部包括直角三棱镜；所述第二光线聚集部包括等边三棱镜；
所述直角三棱镜的高度与所述等边三棱镜的高度不等。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述第二光线分散部包括第一等边三棱镜，所述第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料；
所述第二光线聚集部包括第二等边三棱镜；
所述第一等边三棱镜与所述第二等边三棱镜的高度相等。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述驱动电路层包括：
缓冲层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；所述遮光层位于所述缓冲层内；
多晶硅层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面；所述遮光层在所述多晶硅层上的正投影覆盖所述多晶硅层；
绝缘层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面，且覆盖所述多晶硅层；
栅极层，设置于所述绝缘层的表面。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述缓冲层包括依次层叠设置的第一缓冲层和第二缓冲层；
所述第一缓冲层贴附于所述衬底基板的表面；
所述第二缓冲层设置于所述第一缓冲层与所述绝缘层之间。
所述第一导光层与所述遮光层之间的对位精度误差小于3um。
需要说明的是，在实际的制备过程中，为有效减少遮光层的光通量、增加非遮光区域的光通量，需要保证第一光线分散部精准设置于遮光层正下方、第一光线聚集部精准设置于非遮光区域正下方，另外，遮光层的尺寸通常较小（通常设置其长度为8.5um，宽度为8um），因此，在实际制备过程中对于第一导光层与遮光层之间的对位精准度具有较高要求。为此，在本实施例中，可将第一导光层的制作精度控制至最小（通常可达到1um），且将第一导光层与遮光层之间的对位精度控制在3um以内，另外，可通过OC制程对第一导光层进行平坦化处理，以使第一导光层的表面趋于平滑，使得第一导光层能够精准贴合于衬底基板的表面，从而保证第一导光层与遮光层之间具有较高的对位精准度。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，如图4a所示，第二光线分散部51包括直角三棱镜，第二光线聚集部52包括等边三棱镜，且直角三棱镜的高度与等边三棱镜的高度不等，直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜利用其内部的结构特点以控制光线进行折射、全反射和/或光累积，从而控制光线分布，具体地，由于直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜的内部结构及高度不同，使得光线入射至直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜后的传播路径也不同，其中，光线入射至直角三棱镜后会被折射至四周，光线入射至等边三棱镜后会被折射至中间区域，另外，部分落入视角外的光线会经过反射而重新回到视角内，从而减少光线的损失，提升显示面板的辉度和均匀度（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
在另一个实施例中，如图4b所示，第二光线分散部51包括第一等边三棱镜，且第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料511，第二光线聚集部52包括第二等边三棱镜，另外，第一等边三棱镜与第二等边三棱镜的高度相等，具体地，虽然第一等边三棱镜和第二等边三棱镜的内部结构及高度相同，但是由于第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料511，使得光线经过漫反射材料511时被分散，从而使得从第一等边三棱镜出射的光线向四周分散，从第二等边三棱镜出射的光线向中间区域集中（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。可选地，在实际应用过程中，还可在第一等边三棱镜底部镀覆一层雾镀膜以替代漫反射材料。
需要说明的是，在实际应用过程中，光线分散部（第一光线分散部和第二光线分散部）和光线聚集部（第一光线聚集部和第二光线聚集部）的排布位置由显示面板内器件/膜层所处位置决定，例如，光线入射方向为自下而上，需减少光通量的器件设置在A区域，需增加光通量的器件设置在B区域，故将光线分散部排布于A区域正下方的A’区域，将光线聚集部排布于B区域正下方的B’区域，以使光线分散部和光线聚集部能够有效发挥光线分散/聚集的作用，故在此不对光线分散部和光线聚集部的排布位置作出具体限定。
进一步地，如图1所示，在本实施例中，驱动电路层3包括：设置于衬底基板1表面的缓冲层、设置于缓冲层表面的多晶硅层34、设置于缓冲层的表面且覆盖多晶硅层34的绝缘层33以及设置于绝缘层33表面的栅极层35，其中，遮光层2位于缓冲层内，且遮光层2在多晶硅层34上的正投影覆盖多晶硅层34。具体地，缓冲层包括依次层叠设置的第一缓冲层31和第二缓冲层32，第一缓冲层31贴附于衬底基板1的表面，第二缓冲层32设置于第一缓冲层31与绝缘层33之间，可选地，在本实施例中，由于SiNx（氮化硅）隔绝离子的性能较强，故将SiNx作为第一缓冲层31的制备材料，以阻挡各离子（例如，Al离子、Ba离子和Na离子）扩散至多晶硅层34，从而进一步降低多晶硅层34产生漏电流，另外，由于SiOx（氧化硅）与多晶硅表面的润湿角较为适配，故将SiOx作为第二缓冲层32的制备材料，第一缓冲层31与第二缓冲层32的制备材料还可以为其他材料，在此不对其作具体限定。
本申请提供的显示面板，包括：衬底基板、设置于衬底基板表面的遮光层、设置于衬底基板表面且覆盖遮光层的驱动电路层、设置于衬底基板下方的第一导光层、设置于第一导光层下方的第二导光层以及设置于第二导光层下方的发光层，其中，第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，第一光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层，第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层，发光层的出光侧朝向第二导光层。由于第一光线分散部和第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影均覆盖遮光层，故发光层发出的背光在照射至遮光层的过程中会被第二光线分散部和第一光线分散部依次分散，使得到达遮光层的背光量较少，避免出现背光穿透遮光层的现象，从而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，进而改善显示面板的显示效果。
进一步地，本申请实施例还提供了一种显示面板的制作方法，如图5所示，图5是本申请实施例提供的显示面板的制作方法，具体流程可以如下：
S101.提供衬底基板。
其中，衬底基板为显示面板的支撑结构，用于支撑显示面板内的功能结构层，以保证显示面板的结构稳定。
具体地，在实际显示面板制备过程中，需要对衬底基板的性能作出以下要求：具有较强的耐磨耗性能、具有优异的塑性变形能力、具有较强的耐高温、耐高压、耐腐蚀、耐辐射、抗生锈以及抗冲击性能，为此，在本实施例中，选用具备以上性能的PI（Polyimide，聚酰亚胺）作为衬底基板的材料。需要说明的是，还可选用聚醚砜、聚丙烯酸酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚苯硫醚、聚芳酯、聚碳酸酯和乙酸丙酸纤维素的聚合物树脂中的一种或多种组合作为衬底基板的材料，本发明实施例对此不进行具体限定。
S102.在衬底基板的表面形成遮光层和驱动电路层，驱动电路层覆盖遮光层。
其中，遮光层用于平衡背光源发出光线的强度，以使显示面板内各处所照射到的光线均匀；驱动电路层用于控制显示面板中的像素阵列，以使像素阵列显示对应的图像。
S103.在衬底基板下方制备第一导光层，第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，第一光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层。
其中，第一导光层用于改变光线路径，第一光线分散部用于将光线向四周分散，第一光线聚集部用于将光线汇聚至一处。
具体地，在一个实施例中，如图3a所示，首先在衬底基板下方制备凹透镜和凸透镜，并基于实际情况将凹透镜和凸透镜按照预设模式（即凹透镜和凸透镜的排布位置，其取决于显示面板内器件的所处位置）进行排布，并将凹透镜作为第一光线分散部41，将凸透镜作为第一光线聚集部42，其中，凹透镜的焦距小于凸透镜的焦距，因而凹透镜的折光能力较强，凸透镜的折光能力较弱，光线入射至凹透镜后，凹透镜会对其进行散射，使得从凹透镜出射的光线向四周分散；光线入射至凸透镜后，凸透镜会对其进行汇集，使得从凸透镜出射的光线向中间区域聚集（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
在另一个实施例中，如图3b所示，首先在衬底基板下方制备第一凸透镜和第二凸透镜，并基于实际情况将第一凸透镜和第二凸透镜按照预设模式进行排布，并将第一凸透镜作为第一光线分散部41，将第二凸透镜作为第一光线聚集部42，其中，第一凸透镜与第二凸透镜的折光能力不同，第一凸透镜的折光能力较强，第二凸透镜的折光能力较弱，光线入射至第一凸透镜后，第一凸透镜会对其进行散射，使得从第一凸透镜出射的光线向四周分散；光线入射至第二凸透镜后，第二凸透镜会对其进行汇集，使得从第二凸透镜出射的光线向中间区域聚集（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
需要说明的是，在实际应用过程中，为有效减少遮光层的光通量、增加非遮光区域的光通量，需要保证第一光线分散部精准设置于遮光层正下方、第一光线聚集部精准设置于非遮光区域正下方，另外，遮光层的尺寸通常较小（通常设置其长度为8.5um，宽度为8um），因此，在实际制备过程中对于第一导光层与遮光层之间的对位精准度具有较高要求。为此，在本实施例中，可将第一导光层的制作精度控制至最小（通常可达到1um），且将第一导光层与遮光层之间的对位精度控制在3um以内，另外，可通过OC制程对第一导光层进行平坦化处理，以使第一导光层的表面趋于平滑，使得第一导光层能够精准贴合于衬底基板的表面，从而保证第一导光层与遮光层之间具有较高的对位精准度。可选地，制备第一导光层时所采用的玻璃的温度范围为-40-110℃。
由于第一光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影均覆盖遮光层，因而光线在照射至遮光层的过程中会被第一光线分散部分散，使得到达遮光层的背光量较少（也即遮光层的光通量较少），从而防止背光穿透遮光层，进而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，有效改善显示面板的显示效果，另外，在本实施例中，第一光线聚集部与第一光线分散部相邻，因而第一光线聚集部在遮光层上的正投影均与遮光层无交集，光线会被第一光线聚集部聚集，使得到达非遮光区域的背光量较多（也即非遮光区域的光通量较多），从而增加显示面板的显示亮度，进一步改善了显示面板的显示效果。
S104.在第一导光层下方制备第二导光层，第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层。
其中，第二导光层用于改变光线路径，第二光线分散部用于将光线向四周分散，第二光线聚集部用于将光线汇聚至一处。
具体地，在一个实施例中，如图4a所示，在第一导光层下方制备高度不等的直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜，然后将直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜按照预设模式进行排布，并将直角三棱镜作为第二光线分散部51，将等边三棱镜作为第二光线聚集部52，其中，直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜利用其内部的结构特点以控制光线进行折射、全反射和/或光累积，从而控制光线分布，具体地，由于直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜的内部结构及高度不同，使得光线入射至直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜后的传播路径也不同，其中，光线入射至直角三棱镜后会被折射至四周，光线入射至等边三棱镜后会被折射至中间区域，另外，部分落入视角外的光线会经过反射而重新回到视角内，从而减少光线的损失，提升显示面板的辉度和均匀度（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。
在另一个实施例中，如图4b所示，在第一导光层下方制备高度相等的第一等边三棱镜和第二等边三棱镜，并在第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆漫反射材料511，并将涂覆有漫反射材料511的第一等边三棱镜作为第二光线分散部51，将第二等边三棱镜作为第二光线聚集部52，虽然第一等边三棱镜和第二等边三棱镜的内部结构及高度相同，但是由于第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料511，使得光线经过漫反射材料511时被分散，从而使得从第一等边三棱镜出射的光线向四周分散，从第二等边三棱镜出射的光线向中间区域集中（图中箭头所示路径为光线传播路径）。可选地，在实际应用过程中，还可在第一等边三棱镜底部镀覆一层雾镀膜以替代漫反射材料。
由于第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影均覆盖遮光层，因而光线在照射至遮光层的过程中会被第二光线分散部分散，使得到达遮光层的背光量较少（也即遮光层的光通量较少），从而防止背光穿透遮光层，进而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，有效改善显示面板的显示效果，另外，在本实施例中，第二光线聚集部与第二光线分散部相邻，因而第二光线聚集部在遮光层上的正投影均与遮光层无交集，光线会被第二光线聚集部聚集，使得到达非遮光区域的背光量较多（也即非遮光区域的光通量较多），从而增加显示面板的显示亮度，进一步改善了显示面板的显示效果。
S105.在第二导光层下方制备发光层，发光层的出光侧朝向第二导光层。
其中，发光层是显示面板的光源，用于为显示面板提供光线，发光层的发光效果直接影响到显示面板的显示效果。
其中，所述在所述衬底基板下方制备第一导光层的步骤，包括：
在所述衬底基板下方制备凹透镜和凸透镜，并将所述凹透镜和所述凸透镜按照预设模式进行排布；
将所述凹透镜作为所述第一光线分散部，并将所述凸透镜作为所述第一光线聚集部。
其中，所述在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层的步骤，包括：
在所述第一导光层下方制备高度不等的直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜，并将所述直角三棱镜和所述等边三棱镜按照预设模式进行排布；
将所述直角三棱镜作为所述第二光线分散部，并将所述等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线聚集部。
其中，所述在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层的步骤，还包括：
在所述第一导光层下方制备高度相等的第一等边三棱镜和第二等边三棱镜，并在所述第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆漫反射材料；
将涂覆有所述漫反射材料的所述第一等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线分散部，并将所述第二等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线聚集部。
具体地，发光层主要由光源、导光板、光学用模片和结构件组成，其中，光源主要分为EL、CCFL及LED三种类型；导光板的制备方法主要分为印刷、化学蚀刻、精密机械刻画法、光微影、内部扩散和热压；光学用模片主要分为增光片、扩散片、反射片和黑/白胶；结构件包括背板（铁背板、铝背板和塑胶背板）、胶框、灯管架、铝型材和铝基条。
如图1所示，当发光层6发出背光后，光线在照射至遮光层2的过程中会被第二光线分散部51和第一光线分散部41依次分散（箭头所示路径为光线传播路径），使得到达遮光层2的背光量较少（也即遮光层2的光通量较少），从而防止背光穿透遮光层2，进而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，有效改善显示面板的显示效果。
由上述可知，本申请提供的显示面板的制作方法，首先提供衬底基板，然后在衬底基板的表面形成遮光层和驱动电路层，该驱动电路层覆盖遮光层，之后在衬底基板下方制备第一导光层，该第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，第一光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层，接下来在第一导光层下方制备第二导光层，第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影覆盖遮光层，最后在第二导光层下方制备发光层，发光层的出光侧朝向第二导光层。由于第一光线分散部和第二光线分散部在遮光层上的正投影均覆盖遮光层，故发光层发出的背光在照射至遮光层的过程中会被第二光线分散部和第一光线分散部依次分散，使得到达遮光层的背光量较少，避免出现背光穿透遮光层的现象，从而避免光敏器件产生漏电流，进而改善显示面板的显示效果。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
以上对本申请实施例进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的技术方案及其核心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括：
    衬底基板；
    遮光层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；
    驱动电路层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面，且覆盖所述遮光层；
    第一导光层，设置于所述衬底基板下方；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    第二导光层，设置于所述第一导光层下方；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    发光层，设置于所述第二导光层下方；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层；
    其中，所述第一导光层与所述遮光层之间的对位精度误差小于3um。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第一光线分散部包括凹透镜；所述第一光线聚集部包括凸透镜；
    所述凸透镜的折光能力弱于所述凹透镜的折光能力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中所述凹透镜的焦距小于所述凸透镜的焦距。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中所述第一光线分散部为第一凸透镜，所述第一光线聚集部为第二凸透镜，所述第一凸透镜的折光能力大于所述第二凸透镜的折光能力。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第二光线分散部包括直角三棱镜；所述第二光线聚集部包括等边三棱镜；
    所述直角三棱镜的高度与所述等边三棱镜的高度不等。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第二光线分散部包括第一等边三棱镜，所述第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料；
    所述第二光线聚集部包括第二等边三棱镜；
    所述第一等边三棱镜与所述第二等边三棱镜的高度相等。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述驱动电路层包括：
    缓冲层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；所述遮光层位于所述缓冲层内；
    多晶硅层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面；所述遮光层在所述多晶硅层上的正投影覆盖所述多晶硅层；
    绝缘层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面，且覆盖所述多晶硅层；
    栅极层，设置于所述绝缘层的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示面板，其中所述缓冲层包括依次层叠设置的第一缓冲层和第二缓冲层；
    所述第一缓冲层贴附于所述衬底基板的表面；
    所述第二缓冲层设置于所述第一缓冲层与所述绝缘层之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述显示面板的背光的亮度设置为100000-200000nits。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中所述第一光线聚集部与所述第一光线分散部相邻，所述第二光线聚集部与所述第二光线分散部相邻。
  11. 一种显示面板，包括：
    衬底基板；
    遮光层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；
    驱动电路层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面，且覆盖所述遮光层；
    第一导光层，设置于所述衬底基板下方；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    第二导光层，设置于所述第一导光层下方；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    发光层，设置于所述第二导光层下方；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的显示面板，其中所述第一光线分散部包括凹透镜；所述第一光线聚集部包括凸透镜；
    所述凸透镜的折光能力弱于所述凹透镜的折光能力。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中所述第二光线分散部包括直角三棱镜；所述第二光线聚集部包括等边三棱镜；
    所述直角三棱镜的高度与所述等边三棱镜的高度不等。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中所述第二光线分散部包括第一等边三棱镜，所述第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆有漫反射材料；
    所述第二光线聚集部包括第二等边三棱镜；
    所述第一等边三棱镜与所述第二等边三棱镜的高度相等。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中所述驱动电路层包括：
    缓冲层，设置于所述衬底基板的表面；所述遮光层位于所述缓冲层内；
    多晶硅层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面；所述遮光层在所述多晶硅层上的正投影覆盖所述多晶硅层；
    绝缘层，设置于所述缓冲层的表面，且覆盖所述多晶硅层；
    栅极层，设置于所述绝缘层的表面。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示面板，其中所述缓冲层包括依次层叠设置的第一缓冲层和第二缓冲层；
    所述第一缓冲层贴附于所述衬底基板的表面；
    所述第二缓冲层设置于所述第一缓冲层与所述绝缘层之间。
  17. 一种显示面板的制作方法，包括：
    提供衬底基板；
    在所述衬底基板的表面形成遮光层和驱动电路层；所述驱动电路层覆盖所述遮光层；
    在所述衬底基板下方制备第一导光层；所述第一导光层包括第一光线分散部和第一光线聚集部，所述第一光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层；所述第二导光层包括第二光线分散部和第二光线聚集部，所述第二光线分散部在所述遮光层上的正投影覆盖所述遮光层；
    在所述第二导光层下方制备发光层；所述发光层的出光侧朝向所述第二导光层。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中所述在所述衬底基板下方制备第一导光层的步骤，包括：
    在所述衬底基板下方制备凹透镜和凸透镜，并将所述凹透镜和所述凸透镜按照预设模式进行排布；
    将所述凹透镜作为所述第一光线分散部，并将所述凸透镜作为所述第一光线聚集部。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中所述在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层的步骤，包括：
    在所述第一导光层下方制备高度不等的直角三棱镜和等边三棱镜，并将所述直角三棱镜和所述等边三棱镜按照预设模式进行排布；
    将所述直角三棱镜作为所述第二光线分散部，并将所述等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线聚集部。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的显示面板的制作方法，其中所述在所述第一导光层下方制备第二导光层的步骤，还包括：
    在所述第一导光层下方制备高度相等的第一等边三棱镜和第二等边三棱镜，并在所述第一等边三棱镜的底部涂覆漫反射材料；
    将涂覆有所述漫反射材料的所述第一等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线分散部，并将所述第二等边三棱镜作为所述第二光线聚集部。
PCT/CN2023/133094 2023-03-31 2023-11-21 显示面板及显示面板的制作方法 Ceased WO2024198403A1 (zh)

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