WO2024187344A1 - 冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法 - Google Patents
冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024187344A1 WO2024187344A1 PCT/CN2023/081104 CN2023081104W WO2024187344A1 WO 2024187344 A1 WO2024187344 A1 WO 2024187344A1 CN 2023081104 W CN2023081104 W CN 2023081104W WO 2024187344 A1 WO2024187344 A1 WO 2024187344A1
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- paving
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/02—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing the materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material and a method for making the same, and more particularly to a method for making an asphalt gravel mixture without the need for heating or temperature-raising treatment.
- the method involves mixing a chemical with ordinary gravel, thereby adding various chemical agents such as a coagulant and a water-based light-hardening resin agent, and completing the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material through a cold-mixing operation.
- the cold-laid operation is then used to lay the new aggregate paving material on a predetermined road surface or road section, thereby achieving the same adhesion as asphalt concrete, obtaining the required paving material in a more convenient way, and achieving the purpose of energy saving and carbon reduction.
- asphalt concrete pavement In terms of transportation in daily life, roads are necessary paths to any place.
- a small number of country roads are paved with concrete, gravel, soil and stone, while urban roads, suburban roads, general highways, expressways or alley streets are mostly paved with asphalt concrete pavement (AC) roads to facilitate the travel of people and vehicles.
- AC asphalt concrete pavement
- common asphalt concrete pavement roads are easily damaged after a period of time due to sun and rain, vehicle pressure, wheel rolling, etc., and asphalt concrete ages after a long time, and its softening point and viscosity will increase with the use time, which will also cause the road surface to crack, dent or damage. That is, the old asphalt concrete pavement must be planed off and repaved to ensure the safety of people and vehicles on the road.
- asphalt concrete when asphalt concrete is generally used for road paving, asphalt concrete and raw materials such as sand and gravel are heated with fuel (such as heavy oil, kerosene or natural gas, etc.) to maintain a predetermined temperature for pre-mixing, so that the pre-mixed asphalt concrete can have a buffer time to achieve the pre-mixing effect.
- fuel such as heavy oil, kerosene or natural gas, etc.
- the amount of fuel required is quite large and the temperature is quite high, so the amount of exhaust gas emitted is also large, and the high temperature also has an indirect impact on surrounding objects, plants, etc., causing serious environmental pollution.
- the calorific value released for each degree of natural gas is about 9000Kcal, that is, each ton of asphalt concrete paving material production needs to release about 126000Kcal, and the asphalt concrete paving material is heated to the required temperature and transported to the construction site for road paving, and then the asphalt concrete paving material is cooled to room temperature. During this period, all the calorific value of the asphalt concrete is dissipated into the air environment.
- the total calorific value emitted by Beibeiji for road paving in one year is about 1.89E11Kcal, which is about 189 billion Kcal of calorific value energy.
- the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material and a production method thereof, which uses a chemical mixed in general sand and gravel, adds a coagulant to wrap and solidify the sand and gravel concrete, and then adds a water-based light-hardening resin agent for cold mixing, so as to allow the raw materials to combine and slow down the curing speed of the sand and gravel concrete for pre-cold mixing, so as to complete the process of cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material by pre-cold mixing, and the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material does not need to be heated and heated, that is, it is laid on the predetermined road surface in a cold laying manner, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide, heat, etc., and saving electricity, thereby having the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction, and meeting environmental protection requirements.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material, which includes: sand and gravel concrete, a coagulant of a pharmaceutical agent, a water-based light-curing resin agent of the pharmaceutical agent, etc.
- the sand and gravel concrete is a paving material mixed with general sand and gravel in the form of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, and the added coagulant is used to wrap and solidify the sand and gravel concrete
- the coagulant is a material raw material containing calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, stone powder, glass powder, cement and carbon ash
- the added water-based light-curing resin agent is used to provide a bond between the sand and gravel concrete and the pharmaceutical agent
- the water-based light-curing resin agent is a material raw material containing a hardener, a foaming agent, a retarder and a water-based light-curing resin.
- the water-based light-curing resin agent can be further added with an oily resin, and the oily resin can be an acrylic resin, so as to strengthen the bonding between the sandstone concrete and the agent.
- the cold-mixed cold-laid new aggregate paving material and its production method can be mixed with general sand and gravel, without the need to use raw materials specially produced for cold-mixed cold-laid, so as to achieve the effect of convenient raw material acquisition.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
- the cold-mixed cold-laid new aggregate paving material includes sandstone concrete and a reagent laid on a leveled and compacted ground, wherein:
- the sand and gravel concrete is a paving material composed of fine and coarse particles of general sand and gravel.
- the agent is added to sand and gravel concrete, and includes a coagulant for wrapping and solidifying the sand and gravel concrete, and a water-based light-hardening resin agent for bonding the sand and gravel concrete and the agent.
- the coagulant is a material raw material containing calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, stone powder, glass powder, cement and carbon ash
- the water-based light-hardening resin agent is a material raw material containing a hardener, a foaming agent, a retarder and a water-based light-hardening resin.
- the hardener is a material raw material containing epoxy resin and water
- the foaming agent is a material raw material containing ammonium carbonate
- the retarder is a material raw material containing seaweed powder and water.
- the addition of coagulant to the sand and gravel concrete is used to wrap and solidify the general sand and gravel raw materials before premixing the sand and gravel concrete; and the hardener of the water-based light-curing resin is used to harden the paving surface, and the foaming agent of the water-based light-curing resin is used to provide refinement of the paving surface. Furthermore, the retarder of the water-based light-curing resin is used to provide the paving surface formation after adding the agent, slow down the curing speed, and the water-based light-curing resin of the water-based light-curing resin is used to provide the bonding between the paving surface and the water-based substance.
- the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material of the present invention comprises, based on the total weight percentage (wt), a sand and gravel concrete mixed with 39.9% weight percentage (wt) of general sand and gravel in the form of fine aggregate and 49.5% weight percentage (wt) of general sand and gravel in the form of coarse aggregate, 5% weight percentage (wt) of coagulant, and 5.6% weight percentage (wt) of water-based light-curing resin agent.
- the coagulant added to the sandstone concrete contains 30 wt% calcium carbonate [CaCO 3 ], 30 wt% magnesium carbonate [MgCO 3 ], 30 wt% stone powder, 5 wt% glass powder, and 5 wt% carbon ash material raw material; and the particle diameter of the stone powder and the glass powder is less than 200 ⁇ m.
- the water-based light-curing resin added to the sand and gravel concrete contains 2% by weight (wt) of a hardener, 4% by weight (wt) of a foaming agent, 0.5% by weight (wt) of a retarder and 93.5% by weight (wt) of a water-based light-curing resin material raw material
- the hardener in the water-based light-curing resin is a material raw material mixed with 40% by weight (wt) of an epoxy resin and 60% by weight (wt) of water
- the retarder in the water-based light-curing resin is a material raw material mixed with 0.6% by weight (wt) of seaweed powder and 99.4% by weight (wt) of water
- the water-based light-curing resin is pressurized by mechanical devices, vehicle equipment or manual labor to make the sand and gravel concrete gradually solidify, and the retarder can control and adjust the curing speed according to the site environment, climate or temperature conditions of the paving operation.
- an oily resin may be further added to the water-based light-curing resin agent, and the oily resin may be a material raw material containing acrylic resin to play a role in strengthening the bonding between the sandstone concrete and the agent.
- a coagulant is added to the mixed sand and gravel concrete, and the sand and gravel concrete is mixed, packaged and solidified before pre-cold mixing by the coagulant.
- the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material does not need to be heated by fuel. It is laid on the predetermined road surface by cold laying and is squeezed by pressure from manual or mechanical equipment to form a firm and stable joint.
- the gravel concrete, coagulant, retarder, water-based light-hardening resin and oily resin are mixed in a preset mixer for a mixing time of about 50 seconds to 70 seconds (preferably 60 seconds). After mixing, the mixture needs to be left to cool, and the strength of the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material is proportional to the cooling time.
- the cooling time can be about 3 hours to 5 hours (preferably 4 hours).
- the adhesion and looseness of the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material laid on the predetermined road surface can be improved by the extrusion of a paver and a roller.
- the gravel concrete and the agents in the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material are further firmly and stably bonded by the pressure extrusion.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the cold-mixed cold-laid new aggregate paving material of the present invention provides the construction unit with control over the curing time of the paving material, and slows down the curing speed by adding a retarder, and then adds a water-based light-hardening resin agent to provide the sand and gravel concrete and the agent to bond the raw materials, and prevent deterioration and cracking under high temperature outdoors, so that the construction unit can control and adjust the curing speed according to the site environment, climate or temperature conditions of the paving operation of the mixed sand and gravel, and accurately add the agent configuration design to achieve the best strength.
- the method for producing cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving materials of the present invention uses general sand and gravel and chemicals for mixing, without the need to use raw materials specially produced for cold-mixed and cold-laid, and without the consumption of asphalt concrete, thereby achieving adhesion similar to that of asphalt concrete, thereby achieving the effect of convenient acquisition of raw materials.
- the method for producing cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving materials of the present invention is to carry out cold-temperature pre-mixing in a room temperature environment without heating it, that is, no fuel (such as heavy oil, kerosene or natural gas, etc.) is required for heating, and no exhaust gas and high temperature are emitted, so as not to cause pollution and damage to the environment, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting the ecological environment and achieving the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction.
- no fuel such as heavy oil, kerosene or natural gas, etc.
- the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material that is premixed at cold temperature can be laid on the predetermined road surface by cold laying at room temperature, which can also avoid the impact or damage to the surrounding animals and plants caused by high temperature, and will not release a large amount of heat into the air environment after laying, and also reduce the odor caused by high temperature into the air environment, which can effectively avoid pollution to the air environment.
- the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material is insensitive to the forming temperature, which makes the construction process less susceptible to the influence of temperature, season, etc., and the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material has a certain strength after compaction, and can also be used to repair potholes on the road surface, thereby extending the construction season of the mixture and improving its construction progress.
- Cold-mix operation is adopted to produce cold-mix cold-laid new aggregate paving material, and no heating treatment is required.
- exhaust blower 100Hp
- dryer 50Hp
- elevator 30Hp
- vibrating screen (30Hp)
- asphalt storage tank 150Hp
- the production plant produces about 100 tons of asphalt sand and gravel mixed paving material per hour. If the demand is 1,500,000 tons of cold-mix cold-laid new aggregate paving material, the production plant needs to carry out 15,000 hours of cold-mix cold-laid new aggregate paving material production operation, which can save about 4,050,000 degrees of electricity, thereby producing energy saving and carbon reduction effects. That is, the present invention adopts cold-mix operation to produce cold-mix cold-laid new aggregate paving material with unexpected effects.
- the present invention adopts cold mixing operation to produce cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving materials, and does not use asphalt required for gluing in traditional asphalt concrete paving materials. Therefore, the present invention adopts cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving materials to achieve non-toxic, tasteless and odorless effects, which is more in line with environmental protection requirements and friendly living environment.
- the cold-mixed and cold-laid new aggregate paving material and its production method of the present invention can indeed achieve their efficacy and purpose when actually implemented and used. Therefore, the present invention is truly an invention with excellent practicality and meets the application requirements for invention patents.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
一种冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法，是使用药剂混合至一般砂石，以添加药剂的混凝剂予以对砂石混凝土进行包裹及固化，并再添加药剂的水性光硬化树脂剂脂以进行冷拌，以供各原料间接合以形成硬化及减缓砂石混凝土进行预冷拌的固化速度，以预冷拌完成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制程，而冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料无需进行加热升温处理，即，以冷铺方式铺设于预定路面上，达到降低二氧化碳、热量等排放量，并节约用电量的目的，进而具备节能减碳的功效，以及可符合环保诉求。
Description
本发明是有关于一种冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法，尤其是指无需加热升温处理进行沥青砂石混合料的制作方法，是在于使用药剂混合于一般砂石中，从而添加混凝剂、水性光硬化树脂剂等各类药剂，并通过冷拌作业完成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，再利用冷铺作业铺设于预定路面或路段，即可达到等同沥青混凝土一样的黏着性，以更方便的方式取得所需的铺面材料，并达到节能减碳的目的。
据考察，随着生活习惯的变化、生活环境空间的变迁，使得人们在日常生活中的衣、食、住、行、娱乐等生活所需，在进行生产、制造的作业时，容易产生高排碳量、高废气量及大量废弃物、污染物等，存在于生活环境空间中，导致空气、水及土壤等均受到严重污染，进而造成地球暖化严重，更影响所有动、植物的生存、成长环境空间及人们的身体、心灵健康等，因此使得人们对于环保的意识逐渐增强，在日常生活中尽量减少二氧化碳及热量等的排放量，以便减缓对生活环境的污染、破坏等，避免对人们的身心及生活环境等造成严重不良的影响。
在日常生活中“行”的交通方面，道路是通往任何地点必须的路径，少部分乡间小道是以混凝土或砂砾、土石等铺设的，而凡是市区道路、郊区道路、一般公路、高速公路或者巷弄街道等道路，则大都是铺设沥青混凝土铺面(AC)道路，以方便人、车等行进；然而，常见的沥青混凝土铺面道路，在一段时间后，因日晒雨淋、车辆重压、车轮辗压等，容易造成沥青混凝铺面的损毁，且沥青混凝土因长时间后造成老化，其软化点及黏度等将随使用时间而增加，亦导致路面因而出现断裂、凹陷或破损等现象，即必须将旧有的沥青混凝土铺面予以刨除后，重新再铺设，以确保人、车的用路安全。
然而，一般应用沥青混凝土进行道路铺面时，都是通过以燃料(如：重油、煤油或天然气等)加热沥青混凝土及砂石等原料，使其保持预定的温度进行预拌，供预拌沥青混凝土可拥有缓冲时间而达到预拌的效果，但在沥青混凝土的预拌加热过程中，所需的燃料的用量相当大、温度相当高，从而所排放的废气量也大，且高温对周边物体、植物等也产生间接影响，对环境污染的情况相当严重。
但是通过燃料加热进行预拌沥青混凝土时，若采用天然气作为燃料，天然气主要成份为甲烷(CH4)，则一度天然气中甲烷(CH4)的莫耳(mole)数[n]通过“理想气体方程式”：PV＝Nrt获得。假设P＝1atm+300mmH20(用户出口压力)＝104,267N/m，且一度天然气体积V＝1m，1J＝1N·M，r＝8.314J/mole。T(K)＝293·K(20℃)，所以n＝42.8莫耳(mole)，前述中字母的含义为，N：牛顿；J：焦耳。
且甲烷(CH4)的燃烧方程式：CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O，即可知1莫耳(mole)的天然气燃烧(假设完全燃烧)会产生1莫耳(mole)的二氧化碳[CO2](分子量12+16*2＝44)。
因此，一度天然气燃烧所产生的二氧化碳[CO2]为42.8mole(莫耳)，换算重量为：42.8mole*44g/mole(CO2分子量)＝1,883.2g，1,883.2g约等于1.88kg。
故在进行道路铺设沥青混凝土铺面时，欲为沥青混凝土进行加热，需耗用约14度天然气，所以产生一吨的沥青混凝土铺面料时，所产生二氧化碳[CO2]的排放量约为：14*1.88＝26.32Kg；因此，就北北基在一年整修道路铺面而言，所需的沥青混凝土铺面料约1,500,000吨用料，即二氧化碳[CO2]排放量约为39,480,000Kg，约等于39,480吨。
再者，使用天然气加热时，使用每度天然气所释放的热值约为9000Kcal，即每吨沥青混凝土铺面料生产需要释放约126000Kcal，且沥青混凝土铺面料在加热至所需温度后、至运送到工地进行道路铺设后，待沥青混凝土铺面料冷却到常温，其间沥青混凝土的所有热值均飘散至空气环境中，依据以上所列，北北基在一年中使用沥青混凝土铺面料进行道路铺设，共计排放热值约为1.89E11Kcal，亦即大约为1890亿Kcal的热值能量。
因此，可知在进行道路铺设沥青混凝土铺面时，因加热沥青混凝土铺面料所排放的二氧化碳[CO2]量、热值能量等均相当可观，也直接造成对空气及生活环境的污染，着实不可忽视。
然而，鉴于2030年的碳排放规范规定需要减少52％，而目前的生产方式还达不到规范标准，并且进一步于2050年的碳零排放规范更是难以达成，并且现今各国皆广泛提倡绿色交通的新时代背景下，在道路的交通建设中迫切需要提供一种低耗能、少污染、低成本、资源节约且施工便捷的道路修筑材料，进而有相关业者提出热拌或冷拌沥青的建造材质，然而，冷拌沥青的材料取得不易，并且因2030年需减少52％碳排放，进而影响较为落后的地区或国家需要铺设道路却无沥青等材料可以使用。
因此，如何解决目前采用沥青混凝土铺设路面对环境造成破坏的问题与困扰，且排放废气、高温等会造成对环境影响等的麻烦与缺点，以及修筑材料取得不易等不便，即为从事此行业的相关厂商所急欲研究改善的方向所在。
发明内容
因此，有鉴于上述的问题与缺点，本发明的主要目的是在于提供一种冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法，是使用药剂混合于一般砂石中，以添加混凝剂予以对砂石混凝土进行包裹及固化，并再添加水性光硬化树脂剂进行冷拌，以供各原料间接合及减缓砂石混凝土进行预冷拌的固化速度，以便预冷拌完成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制程，而冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料无需进行加热升温处理，即，以冷铺方式铺设于预定路面上，以达到降低二氧化碳、热量等的排放量，并节约用电量的目的，进而具备节能减碳的功效，以及可符合环保要求。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其包括：砂石混凝土、药剂的混凝剂、药剂的水性光硬化树脂剂等，而所述砂石混凝土是为呈粗粒料及细粒料的一般砂石混合成的铺面料，且添加的所述混凝剂是用于对砂石混凝土进行包裹及固化，所述混凝剂是包含有碳酸钙、碳酸镁、石粉、玻璃粉、水泥及碳灰的物质原料，而添加的所述水性光硬化树脂剂是用于供砂石混凝土及药剂间进行各原料间产生接合，并且对于该水性光硬化树脂剂，其是包含有硬化剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂及水性光硬化树脂的物质原料。
在本发明中，该水性光硬化树脂剂是可以进一步添加油性树脂的，并且对于该油性树脂，其可以为丙烯酸树脂，用以起到加强砂石混凝土与药剂的接合的功效。
在本发明中，该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法是可以使用一般砂石进行混合的，而无需再使用为用于冷拌冷铺而特殊生产的原料，以达到原料取得便利的功效。
图1为本发明的流程图。
为达成上述目的与功效，本发明所采用的技术手段及其构造、实施的方法等，现结合附图就本发明的较佳实施例详加说明其特征与功能如下，以利于完全了解。
请参阅图1所示，是为本发明的流程图，由图中所示可以清楚看出，本发明的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法，所述冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料包括有在一整平、压实的地面上铺设的砂石混凝土及药剂，其中：
该砂石混凝土是为以一般砂石的细粒料与粗料粒所构成的铺面料。
该药剂是为添加至砂石混凝土中，其包含有用于使砂石混凝土形成包裹及固化的混凝剂、用于使砂石混凝土与药剂产生接合的水性光硬化树脂剂，而该混凝剂是包含有碳酸钙、碳酸镁、石粉、玻璃粉、水泥及碳灰的物质原料，并且该水性光硬化树脂剂是包含有硬化剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂及水性光硬化树脂物质原料，并且对于该硬化剂，是包含有环氧树脂及水的物质原料，而该发泡剂是为含有碳酸铵的物质原料，且该缓凝剂是包含有海菜粉及水的物质原料。
而上述于该砂石混凝土中添加混凝剂，是用于使该砂石混凝土进行预拌前将一般砂石原料进行包裹及固化；并且该水性光硬化树脂剂的硬化剂是用于使铺面料形成硬化，而该水性光硬化树脂剂的发泡剂是提供铺面料的细致化，再者，该水性光硬化树脂剂的缓凝剂是提供添加药剂后的铺面料形成，减缓固化速度，且该水性光硬化树脂剂的水性光硬化树脂是提供铺面料与水性物质的接合。
承前所述，本发明的该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，基于总重量百分比(wt)计，包含39.9％重量百分比(wt)呈细粒料状的一般砂石与49.5％重量百分比(wt)呈粗粒料状的一般砂石所混合而成的砂石混凝土，5％重量百分比(wt)的混凝剂、5.6％重量百分比(wt)的水性光硬化型树脂剂。
而上述的添加于该砂石混凝土中的混凝剂内包含30％重量百分比(wt)的碳酸钙〔CaCO3〕、30％重量百分比(wt)的碳酸镁〔M gCO3〕、30％重量百分比(wt)的石粉、5％重量百分比(wt)的玻璃粉、5％重量百分比(wt)的碳灰物质原料；且石粉及玻璃粉的粉末的颗粒直径是为200μm以下。
添加于该砂石混凝土中的水性光硬化树脂剂内包含2％重量百分比(wt)的硬化剂、4％重量百分比(wt)的发泡剂、0.5％重量百分比(wt)的缓凝剂及93.5％重量百分比(wt)的水性光硬化树脂物质原料，而水性光硬化树脂剂内的硬化剂是40％重量百分比(wt)的环氧树脂及60％重量百分比(wt)的水所混合而成的物质原料，而水性光硬化树脂剂内的缓凝剂是包含0.6％重量百分比(wt)的海菜粉及99.4％重量百分比(wt)的水所混合而成的物质原料，并且该水性光硬化树脂剂是通过机械装置、车辆设备或人工等进行加压的方式，以使砂石混凝土产生逐渐固化的状态，另外该缓凝剂是可依照铺设作业的场地环境、气候或气温状况施行固化速度的控制及调整。
然而，该水性光硬化树脂剂内可以进一步添加油性树脂，该油性树脂可以是含有丙烯酸树脂的物质原料，用以发挥加强砂石混凝土及药剂的接合的功效。
上述本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料制作方法，是依据下列步骤实施：
(A01)将呈细粒料状与粗粒料状的一般砂石进行混合，混合成砂石混凝土。
(A02)在混合后的砂石混凝土中添加混凝剂，并借由混凝剂将该砂石混凝土进行预冷拌前的混合包裹及固化。
(A03)将已添加混凝剂的砂石混凝土中再添加水性硬化树脂剂进行冷拌，以提供混凝剂与砂石混凝土进行各原料间的接合，并使得预冷拌后的固化速度减缓，借此预冷拌成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料。
(A04)完成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的冷拌制程。
(A05)该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料无须使用燃料进行加热，即以冷铺方式铺设于预定路面上，并通过人工或器械设备的压力的挤压致使形成稳固与稳定的接合。
上述该步骤(A01)、(A02)、(A03)中，该砂石混凝土、混凝剂、缓凝剂、水性光硬化树脂剂及油性树脂是通过在一预设混合器内进行拌合，且搅拌时间约为50秒至70秒(其较佳时间可为60秒)，并于拌合后需进行放置冷却作业，并且该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的强度是与放置的冷却时间呈正比，该放置冷却时间可约为3小时至5小时(其较佳放置冷却时间可为4小时)，以通过铺路机、压路机的挤压用以提升铺设于预定路面上的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的黏着性、疏松性，则冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料内的砂石混凝土及药剂通过压力的挤压进一步形成稳固与稳定的接合。
由此，本发明为具备有下列的优点：
1、本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料是提供施工单位对铺面料进行固化时间的控制，则通过添加缓凝剂对其进行减缓固化速度，再通过添加水性光硬化树脂剂提供该砂石混凝土及药剂间进行各原料间产生接合，并防止于户外高温下劣化及裂解的形况发生，以达到施工单位针对欲进行砂石的混合铺面料的铺设作业的场地环境、气候或气温状况施行固化速度的控制及调整，并借此精准添加药剂配置设计以达到最佳强度。
2、本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料制作方法是使用一般砂石及药剂进行混合，而无需再使用为提供冷拌冷铺而特殊生产的原料、以及无须沥青混凝土的消耗，进而达到相似于沥青混凝土的黏着性，借此达到原料取得便利的功效。
3、本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料制作方法，是在常温的环境中进行冷温预拌，并未对其进行加热升温，即无需使用燃料(如：重油、煤油或天然气等)进行加热，且不会排放废气及高温等，从而不会造成对环境的污染、破坏等缺失，进而减少温室气体排放，保护生态环境以达到节能减碳的功效。
4、冷温预拌完成的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，再者采用常温冷铺方式予以铺设在预定路面上，也可避免因高温造成对周边动、植物等的影响或损坏等，且铺设后不会产生大量热值释放到空气环境中，也减少因高温而产生的异味散发至空气环境中，可有效避免对空气环境造成污染，并且冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料对成形的温度呈低敏感度，致使施工过程不易受到温度、季节等影响，并在该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料经压实后为具有一定的强度，亦可用于路面坑槽的修补，进而延长混合料的施工季节且提升其施工进度。
5、因采用冷拌作业制作冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，并且不需再通过加热升温的处理，而于生产冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料过程中，也不使用排气风车(100Hp)、干燥机(50Hp)、提升机(30Hp)、震动筛(30Hp)、沥青储存槽(150Hp)，共约360Hp相当于270kW的电能，而生产工厂每小时约生产100吨的沥青砂石的混合铺面料，若欲需求为1,500,000吨的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，则生产工厂需要进行15000小时的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的生产作业，即可节省电力约4050000度的电，进而产生有节能减碳的效果，即为本发明采用冷拌作业制作冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料具备无法预期的功效。
6、本发明采用冷拌作业制作冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，不使用传统制作的沥青混凝土铺面料所需的柏油进行胶合，则本发明采用冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料亦可达到无毒、无味及无臭等效果，更符合环保要求、友善生活环境等。
以上所述仅为本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法的较佳实施例而已，非因此即局限本发明的专利范围，故凡是运用本发明说明书及图式内容所为的简易修饰及等效结构变化，均应同理包含于本发明的专利范围内。
综上所述，本发明冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料及其制作方法在实际实施、使用时，确实能达到其功效及目的，故本发明诚为一实用性优异的发明创造，符合发明专利的申请要件。
Claims (10)
- 一种冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，包含有砂石混凝土及药剂，其特征在于：该砂石混凝土为呈细粒料状与粗粒料状的一般砂石混合成的铺面料；及该药剂为添加至该砂石混凝土中，包含有以供该砂石混凝土形成包裹及固化的混凝剂，以供该砂石混凝土、该混凝剂以进行各原料间产生接合的水性光硬化树脂剂，而该混凝剂是包含有碳酸钙、碳酸镁、石粉、玻璃粉及碳灰的物质原料，并且该水性光硬化树脂剂是包含有硬化剂、发泡剂、缓凝剂及水性光硬化树脂的物质原料。
- 如权利要求1所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其特征在于，该药剂的该水性光硬化树脂剂是包含提供该铺面料形成硬化的该硬化剂、提供该铺面料形成细致化的该发泡剂、提供该铺面料形成减缓固化速度的该缓凝剂及提供该铺面料产生与水性物质的接合的该水性光硬化树脂这些的物质原料，并且该硬化剂是环氧树脂及水所混合而成的物质原料，而该发泡剂是含有碳酸铵的物质原料，并且关于该缓凝剂，是含有海菜粉及水的混合物的物质原料。
- 如权利要求1所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其特征在于，该药剂的该水性光硬化树脂剂内可进一步添加以供加强该砂石混凝土与该药剂的接合的油性树脂，而该油性树脂是含有丙烯酸树脂的物质原料。
- 如权利要求1所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其特征在于，该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，基于总重量计，包含39.9％重量百分比呈细粒料状的一般砂石与49.5％重量百分比呈粗粒料状的一般砂石所混合而成的该砂石混凝土，5％重量百分比的该混凝剂，5.6％重量百分比的该水性光硬化型树脂剂。
- 如权利要求1所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其特征在于，该药剂的该混凝剂是包含30％重量百分比的该碳酸钙〔CaCO3〕、30％重量百分比的该碳酸镁〔MgCO3〕、30％重量百分比的该石粉、5％重量百分比的该玻璃粉、5％重量百分比的该碳灰的物质原料；且该石粉及该玻璃粉的粉末的颗粒直径为200μm以下。
- 如权利要求2所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料，其特征在于，该药剂的该水性光硬化树脂剂是包含2％重量百分比的该硬化剂、4％重量百分比的该发泡剂、0.5％重量百分比的该缓凝剂及93.5％重量百分比的该水性光硬化树脂的物质原料，并且该硬化剂是40％重量百分比的该环氧树脂及60％重量百分比的该水所混合而成的物质原料，而该缓凝剂是0.6％重量百分比的该海菜粉及99.4％重量百分比的该水所混合而成的物质原料。
- 一种权利要求1所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制作方法，其特征在于，是依据下列步骤实施：(A01)将呈细粒料状与粗粒料状的一般砂石进行混合形成砂石混凝土；(A02)在混合后的该砂石混凝土中添加混凝剂，并借由该混凝剂将该砂石混凝土进行预冷拌前的混合包裹及固化；(A03)将已添加该混凝剂的该砂石混凝土中，再添加水性光硬化树脂剂进行冷拌，以提供该混凝剂及该砂石混凝土进行各原料间产生接合，并供预冷拌后的固化速度减缓，借此预冷拌成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料；(A04)完成冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的冷拌制程；(A05)该冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料无须使用燃料进行加热，即以冷铺方式铺设于预定路面上，并通过人工或器械设备的压力的挤压致使形成稳固且稳定的接合。
- 如权利要求7所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制作方法，其特征在于，该步骤(A01)、(A02)、(A03)、(A04)中，该砂石混凝土、该混凝剂、该水性光硬化树脂剂是通过在一预设混合器内进行拌合，且搅拌时间为50秒至70秒，其较佳时间为60秒，并于拌合后需进行放置冷却作业，则该放置冷却时间为3小时至5小时，其较佳放置冷却时间为4小时。
- 如权利要求7所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制作方法，其特征在于，该步骤(A02)的该混凝剂是包含30％重量百分比的碳酸钙〔CaCO3〕、30％重量百分比的碳酸镁〔MgCO3〕、30％重量百分比的石粉、5％重量百分比的玻璃粉、5％重量百分比的碳灰的物质原料；且该石粉及该玻璃粉的粉末的颗粒直径系为200μm以下。
- 如权利要求7所述的冷拌冷铺新骨材铺面料的制作方法，其特征在于，该步骤(A02)的该水性光硬化树脂剂是包含2％重量百分比的硬化剂、4％重量百分比的发泡剂、0.5％重量百分比的缓凝剂及93.5％重量百分比的水性光硬化树脂的物质原料，并且该硬化剂是包含40％重量百分比的环氧树脂及60％重量百分比的水所混合而成的物质原料，而该缓凝剂是包含0.6％重量百分比的海菜粉及99.4％重量百分比的水所混合而成的物质原料。
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