WO2024181533A1 - 光学積層体、並びに、前記光学積層体を用いた偏光板、表面板、画像表示パネル及び画像表示装置 - Google Patents

光学積層体、並びに、前記光学積層体を用いた偏光板、表面板、画像表示パネル及び画像表示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024181533A1
WO2024181533A1 PCT/JP2024/007546 JP2024007546W WO2024181533A1 WO 2024181533 A1 WO2024181533 A1 WO 2024181533A1 JP 2024007546 W JP2024007546 W JP 2024007546W WO 2024181533 A1 WO2024181533 A1 WO 2024181533A1
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Prior art keywords
refractive index
optical laminate
less
low refractive
index layer
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2024/007546
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐実 高木
慎太郎 那須
智之 堀尾
智洋 小川
満広 葛原
裕之 長谷川
政人 岡田
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2025503990A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024181533A1/ja
Priority to CN202480013377.2A priority patent/CN120712500A/zh
Priority to KR1020257028586A priority patent/KR20250153790A/ko
Publication of WO2024181533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024181533A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/111—Anti-reflection coatings using layers comprising organic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to an optical laminate, as well as a polarizing plate, a face plate, an image display panel, and an image display device that use the optical laminate.
  • Optical laminates may be installed on the surfaces of image display devices such as televisions, notebook PCs, and desktop PC monitors to suppress reflections of lighting and people in the background, and to suppress surface reflections.
  • an antiglare film having an uneven surface As an optical laminate for suppressing the reflection of the background, an antiglare film having an uneven surface has been proposed. However, the antiglare film has a problem that the contrast is easily reduced due to the scattering of reflected light.
  • an antireflection film having an antireflection layer on the surface As an optical laminate for suppressing surface reflection, an antireflection film having an antireflection layer on the surface has been proposed. However, since the antireflection film has a smooth surface shape, it has a problem that it is difficult to suppress the reflection of the background.
  • an antiglare antireflection film As an optical laminate for suppressing background reflection and surface reflection, an antiglare antireflection film has been proposed in which an antireflection layer such as a low refractive index layer is laminated on an antiglare layer (Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).
  • the optical laminates of Patent Documents 1 and 2 have an anti-reflection layer on an anti-glare layer, and therefore can suppress background reflection and surface reflection.
  • conventional optical laminates in which an anti-reflection layer is laminated on an anti-glare layer such as the optical laminates of Patent Documents 1 and 2 frequently fail to provide the level of anti-reflection expected at the time of coating design.
  • the greater the level of unevenness in the anti-glare layer the more difficult it tends to be to obtain the level of anti-reflection expected at the time of coating design.
  • the level of anti-reflection expected at the time of coating design refers to the reflectance calculated by simulation from physical information of the coating design, such as the theoretical refractive index and theoretical film thickness.
  • the objective of this disclosure is to provide an optical laminate in which a low refractive index layer is laminated on an antiglare layer, and which provides sufficient anti-reflection properties.
  • the present disclosure provides the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>.
  • ⁇ 1> An optical laminate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, The optical laminate has a low refractive index layer and an antiglare layer in this order from the first surface to the second surface, the low refractive index layer contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more, The first surface has an uneven shape, The "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle size of 20 nm or more" calculated by the following measurement 1 is 15.0% or more, An optical laminate in which the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer" is 200 nm or less and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” is 25.0 nm or less, as calculated by the following measurement 2.
  • ⁇ Measurement 1> The surface of the first side of the optical laminate is imaged by a scanning electron microscope. The imaging area is adjusted so that the area not including the scale bar is 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long. Furthermore, the area of 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long is adjusted to have a pixel count of 1280 pixels by 890 pixels. (1-2) The image of the 50.79 ⁇ m horizontal ⁇ 38.10 ⁇ m vertical area of (1-1) above is divided into 256 gradations, with the darkest part being 0 and the brightest part being 255.
  • the area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long region is calculated.
  • the above steps (1-1) to (1-4) are carried out at 20 points on the surface of the first surface side of the optical laminate.
  • the average of the area ratios of 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values is defined as the "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more.”
  • ⁇ Measurement 2> (2-1)
  • the vertical cross section of the optical laminate is imaged using a scanning transmission electron microscope. The image is adjusted so that the area not including the scale bar is 254 ⁇ m wide by 178 ⁇ m long.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the average value of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the standard deviation of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the aforementioned 25 locations are selected at 50 nm intervals within a range of 1270 nm long.
  • the above steps (2-1) to (2-3) are carried out at 20 points on the vertical cross section of the optical laminate.
  • the average thickness and the average standard deviation of the thicknesses at 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values are defined as the "average thickness of the low refractive index layer" and the "average standard deviation of the thickness of the low refractive index layer.”
  • a polarizing plate having a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer, A polarizing plate, wherein at least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the optical laminate described in ⁇ 1>, and the second surface of the optical laminate is arranged opposite the polarizer.
  • a face plate for an image display device comprising a protective film bonded to a resin plate or a glass plate, the protective film being the optical laminate according to ⁇ 1>, and the second surface of the optical laminate being disposed opposite the resin plate or the glass plate.
  • An image display panel having a display element and an optical laminate arranged on a light exit surface side of the display element, the optical laminate including the optical laminate according to ⁇ 1>.
  • An image display device comprising the image display panel according to ⁇ 4>.
  • optical laminate, polarizing plate, front plate, image display panel, and image display device disclosed herein can provide good anti-reflection properties.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an optical laminate of the present disclosure.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of an image display panel of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining measurement 1.
  • average occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more may be abbreviated as “average occupied area ratio”.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is as follows.
  • the optical laminate has a low refractive index layer and an antiglare layer in this order from the first surface to the second surface, the low refractive index layer contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more,
  • the first surface has an uneven shape,
  • the "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle size of 20 nm or more" calculated by the following measurement 1 is 15.0% or more,
  • An optical laminate in which the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer" is 200 nm or less and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” is 25.0 nm or less, as calculated by the following measurement 2.
  • ⁇ Measurement 1> The surface of the first side of the optical laminate is imaged by a scanning electron microscope. The imaging area is adjusted so that the area not including the scale bar is 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long. Furthermore, the area of 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long is adjusted to have a pixel count of 1280 pixels by 890 pixels. (1-2) The image of the 50.79 ⁇ m horizontal ⁇ 38.10 ⁇ m vertical area of (1-1) above is divided into 256 gradations, with the darkest part being 0 and the brightest part being 255.
  • the area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long region is calculated.
  • the above steps (1-1) to (1-4) are carried out at 20 points on the surface of the first surface side of the optical laminate.
  • the average of the area ratios of 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values is defined as the "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more.”
  • the low refractive index layer in the image of the area of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long is regarded as a recess of the low refractive index layer.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer and the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer are calculated within the area of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the average value of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the standard deviation of the film thicknesses at 25 locations. The aforementioned 25 locations are selected at 50 nm intervals within a range of 1270 nm long.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional shape of an optical laminate 100 of the present disclosure.
  • the optical laminate 100 in Fig. 1 has a first surface having an uneven shape and a second surface that is the surface opposite to the first surface.
  • the upper surface is the first surface
  • the lower surface is the second surface.
  • the optical laminate in FIG. 1 has, from the first surface to the second surface, a low refractive index layer 30, an antiglare layer 20, and a substrate 10 in this order.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view. That is, the scale of each layer constituting the optical laminate 100 and the scale of the uneven shape are schematic for ease of illustration and differ from the actual scale. The same is true for Fig. 2.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is not limited to the laminate configuration of FIG. 1.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure may have a laminate configuration that does not have a substrate.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure may have layers other than the substrate, the antiglare layer, and the low refractive index layer.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure has a first surface.
  • the first surface has an uneven shape. By having the first surface have an uneven shape, it is possible to easily improve the antiglare properties of the optical laminate.
  • the surface of the low refractive index layer is preferably the first surface.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is required to have an "average occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more" calculated by Measurement 1 of 15.0% or more.
  • Measurement 1 includes steps (1-1) to (1-6).
  • the "average occupied area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" calculated by measurement 1 means the average occupied area ratio in the portions corresponding to the convex portions of the low refractive index layer.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the first surface of the optical laminate has an uneven shape.
  • This uneven shape has independent convex portions and concave portions around the convex portions.
  • the size of one convex portion is generally 1.0 ⁇ m 2 or more and 50 ⁇ m 2 or less in area.
  • the number of convex portions in a region of 50.79 ⁇ m wide x 38.10 ⁇ m long is generally 10 or more and 20 or less. Therefore, in the step (1-1), by making the imaging region 50.79 ⁇ m wide x 38.10 ⁇ m long, a sufficient number of convex portions can be included in the imaging region, and the measurement result of measurement 1 can be stabilized.
  • the acceleration voltage of the scanning electron microscope is preferably 100 V or more and 30 kV or less.
  • An example of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation's product name SU-9000.
  • the image of the above (1-1) having an area of 50.79 ⁇ m in width and 38.10 ⁇ m in height is divided into 100 small areas of 10 in width and 10 in height. Of the 100 small regions, the 36 small regions located on the periphery are excluded, leaving 64 small regions, which are then used to calculate the standard deviation of the gradation.Of the 64 small regions, the small region with the largest standard deviation of the gradation is identified.
  • Figure 3(A) shows an image of an area 50.79 ⁇ m wide x 38.10 ⁇ m high divided into 100 small areas (10 wide x 10 high).
  • the shaded area indicates the 36 small areas located on the periphery.
  • the shaded area indicates 9 small areas (3 wide x 3 high) centered on the small area with the largest standard deviation of gradation.
  • step (1-2) When the first surface is imaged with a scanning electron microscope, the spherical particles appear bright and the binder resin appears dark. Therefore, the standard deviation of the gradation in step (1-2) can be said to represent the standard deviation of the distribution state of the spherical particles.
  • the independent convex portion of the first surface of the optical laminate is formed at a location corresponding to the convex portion of the antiglare layer.
  • the convex portion of the low refractive index layer is also formed at a location corresponding to the convex portion of the antiglare layer.
  • the low refractive index layer is formed by applying a composition for a low refractive index layer containing a binder resin and spherical particles onto the antiglare layer and drying it. In the low refractive index layer at a location corresponding to the convex portion of the antiglare layer, the spherical particles tend to flow down. That is, in the convex portion of the low refractive index layer, the spherical particles tend to flow down.
  • step (1-2) the image of an area of 50.79 ⁇ m width ⁇ 38.10 ⁇ m height is divided into 100 small areas of 10 width ⁇ 10 height, because dividing it into small areas makes it easier to capture the convex parts of the low refractive index layer.
  • the standard deviation of the gradation is calculated for each of the 100 fine regions.
  • the gradation in step (1-3) uses the 256 gradations in step (1-2) above. Of the 100 fine regions, the fine region with the largest standard deviation of the gradation is identified.
  • Step (1-3) is a step for further dividing the "protrusions and their adjacent areas" in (1-2) above into finer areas to identify the areas near the centers of the protrusions.
  • the area with two diagonal lines in FIG. 3(B) indicates the fine area with the largest standard deviation of gradation among the 100 fine areas.
  • the intersection of the two diagonal lines in FIG. 3(B) indicates the center of the fine area with the largest standard deviation of gradation.
  • an image of an area of 1270 nm horizontal x 890 nm vertical, centered on the central area is taken with a scanning electron microscope.
  • the low refractive index layer in the image of the region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long is regarded as the convex portion of the low refractive index layer.
  • the area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long is calculated.
  • the area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more in a region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long can be calculated, for example, by a circular shape separation function of image analysis software.
  • Particles determined to be circular by the circular shape separation function of the image analysis software can be determined to be spherical particles.
  • An example of image analysis software having a circular shape separation function is "WinROOF version 6.6.0" manufactured by Mitani Shoji Co., Ltd.
  • the average of the area ratios of 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values is defined as the "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more.”
  • the 20 locations selected to calculate the average occupied area ratio shall be selected from locations on the surface of the first side of the optical laminate that are free of defects.
  • the average of the exclusive area ratios can be calculated by Measurement 1 including the above steps (1-1) to (1-5).
  • the average of the exclusive area ratios calculated by Measurement 1 can be regarded as the "average of the exclusive area ratios of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" in the convex portions of the low refractive index layer.
  • the average occupied area ratio of 15.0% or more calculated by measurement 1 means that the proportion of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the convex portion of the low refractive index layer is high, and the refractive index of the convex portion is low.
  • the average occupied area ratio 15.0% or more it is possible to easily improve the antireflection properties of an optical laminate in which a low refractive index layer is laminated on an antiglare layer. Furthermore, by setting the average exclusive area ratio to 15.0% or more, the surface of the antiglare layer is sufficiently covered with the low refractive index layer, which makes it easier to prevent the antiglare layer from being damaged.
  • the average exclusive area ratio is preferably 17.5% or more, more preferably 20.0% or more, and even more preferably 22.5% or more. If the average of the exclusive area ratio is too high, the binder resin covering the spherical particles is likely to be insufficient, and defects due to abrasion are likely to occur. Therefore, the average of the exclusive area ratio is preferably 90% or less, more preferably 85% or less, even more preferably 80% or less, even more preferably 50% or less, and even more preferably 35% or less.
  • Examples of the average range of the exclusive area ratio include 15.0% to 90%, 15.0% to 85%, 15.0% to 80%, 15.0% to 50%, 15.0% to 35%, 17.5% to 90%, 17.5% to 85%, 17.5% to 80%, 17.5% to 50%, 17.5% to 35%, 20.0% to 90%, 20.0% to 85%, 20.0% to 80%, 20.0% to 50%, 20.0% to 35%, 22.5% to 90%, 22.5% to 85%, 22.5% to 80%, 22.5% to 50%, and 22.5% to 35%.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is required to have an "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer" of 200 nm or less and an “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” of 25.0 nm or less, as calculated by Measurement 2.
  • Measurement 2 includes steps (2-1) to (2-4).
  • the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” calculated by measurement 2 refer to the average film thickness and the standard deviation of the film thickness at the locations corresponding to the recesses of the low refractive index layer.
  • the first surface of the optical laminate has an uneven shape.
  • This uneven shape has independent convex portions and concave portions surrounding the convex portions.
  • the spacing between the convex portions is generally 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 20.0 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, by making the imaging area 254 ⁇ m wide by 178 ⁇ m long in step (2-1), it is possible to include the concave portions within the imaging area, and the measurement results of measurement 2 can be stabilized.
  • the "vertical cross section of the optical laminate” means a cross section perpendicular to the XY plane when the first surface of the optical laminate is assumed to be the XY plane.
  • the acceleration voltage of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is preferably 100 V or more and 30 kV or less.
  • STEM scanning transmission electron microscope
  • An example of a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation's product name SU-9000.
  • an image of the vertical cross section of the optical laminate can be captured by preparing a sample in which the vertical cross section of the optical laminate is exposed, and using the sample.
  • the above-mentioned sample can be produced, for example, by the following steps (A1) to (A2).
  • A1 The optical laminate is cut to a desired size to prepare a cut sample, and then the cut sample is embedded in a resin to prepare an embedded sample.
  • the cut sample is, for example, a rectangular shape of 10 mm long x 3 mm wide.
  • the embedding resin is preferably an epoxy resin.
  • the embedded sample can be obtained, for example, by placing the cut sample in a silicon embedding plate, pouring in embedding resin, hardening the embedding resin, and then removing the cut sample and the embedding resin that encases it from the silicon embedding plate.
  • the aforementioned hardening step is preferably performed by leaving it at room temperature for 12 hours for hardening.
  • the shape of the embedded sample is a block.
  • the silicone embedding plate may be, for example, one manufactured by Dosaka EM Co., Ltd.
  • the silicone embedding plate may also be called a silicone capsule.
  • the epoxy resin for embedding may be, for example, a mixture of "Epofix” manufactured by Struers and "Epofix Hardener” manufactured by the same company in a ratio of 10:1.2.
  • the block-shaped embedded sample is cut vertically to expose the cross section of the optical laminate, and a sample for measuring a cross section image is prepared.
  • the shape of the sample for measuring the cross section image is kept block-shaped.
  • the embedded sample is preferably cut so as to pass through the center of the cut sample.
  • the embedded sample is preferably cut with a diamond knife.
  • An example of an apparatus for cutting a block-shaped embedded sample is the product name "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" manufactured by Leica Microsystems. When cutting a block-shaped embedded sample, it is preferable to cut it roughly at first (rough trimming) and finally trim it precisely under the conditions of "SPEED: 1.00 mm/s" and "FEED: 70 nm".
  • the step (2-2) is a step for identifying the center of the recess in the low refractive index layer.
  • the composition for the low refractive index layer is likely to flow down from the convex parts.
  • the composition for the low refractive index layer that flows down from the convex parts flows into the concave parts. Therefore, in the low refractive index layer, the concave parts have a thicker film thickness than the convex parts. Therefore, the thickest part of the low refractive index layer identified in step (2-2) can be regarded as the center of the concave parts of the low refractive index layer.
  • the low refractive index layer in the image of the region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long is regarded as a recess of the low refractive index layer.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer and the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer are calculated within the region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the average value of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the standard deviation of the film thicknesses at 25 locations. The aforementioned 25 locations are selected at 50 nm intervals within a range of 1270 nm long.
  • the film thickness means the distance from the "interface between the low refractive index layer and the layer located below the low refractive index layer" to the "surface of the low refractive index layer.”
  • the "surface of the low refractive index layer” means the surface of the low refractive index layer, and when there is another layer on the low refractive index layer, it means the interface between the low refractive index layer and the other layer.
  • the film thickness measurement at 50 nm intervals in step (2-3) can be performed, for example, using image analysis software.
  • image analysis software is the public domain "ImageJ 1.53.”
  • the spacing between the convex portions is generally 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 20.0 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, the region of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long centered on the point specified in (2-2) above can be regarded as the concave portion of the low refractive index layer.
  • the average thickness and the average standard deviation of the thicknesses at 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values are defined as the "average thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the thickness of the low refractive index layer.”
  • the film thickness and standard deviation of the film thickness at 20 locations can be measured.
  • the 20 samples with exposed vertical cross sections of the optical laminate shall be selected from samples with no defects on the cross sections.
  • the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” can be calculated.
  • the “average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” calculated by measurement 2 can be considered to be the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” in the recesses of the low refractive index layer.
  • the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer calculated by measurement 2 is 200 nm or less means that the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is not too thick at the recesses of the low refractive index layer. Therefore, by making the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer by measurement 2 200 nm or less, it becomes easier to obtain the level of antireflection property expected at the time of designing the coating film, and it becomes easier to improve the antireflection property of the optical laminate. Furthermore, by setting the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer in measurement 2 to 200 nm or less, it is possible to easily prevent the locations corresponding to the recesses of the low refractive index layer from being damaged.
  • the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer according to measurement 2 is preferably 175 nm or less, more preferably 150 nm or less, and even more preferably 135 nm or less. If the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer measured by Measurement 2 is too thin, it becomes difficult to obtain the level of antireflection property expected at the time of designing the coating film. Therefore, the average film thickness of the low refractive index layer measured by Measurement 2 is preferably 70 nm or more, more preferably 80 nm or more, and even more preferably 90 nm or more.
  • Examples of the average range of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer include 70 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 70 nm or more and 175 nm or less, 70 nm or more and 150 nm or less, 70 nm or more and 135 nm or less, 80 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 80 nm or more and 175 nm or less, 80 nm or more and 150 nm or less, 80 nm or more and 135 nm or less, 90 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 90 nm or more and 175 nm or less, 90 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and 90 nm or more and 135 nm or less.
  • the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer calculated by measurement 2 is 25.0 nm or less means that the film thickness of the low refractive index layer varies little for each recess of the low refractive index layer. Therefore, by making the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer by measurement 2 25.0 nm or less, it becomes easier to obtain the level of antireflection property expected at the time of designing the coating film, and it becomes easier to improve the antireflection property of the optical laminate. Furthermore, by setting the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer in Measurement 2 to 25.0 nm or less, it is possible to easily prevent damage to the thick portions of the low refractive index layer.
  • the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer in measurement 2 is preferably 22.5 nm or less, more preferably 20.0 nm or less, and even more preferably 17.5 nm or less.
  • the lower limit of the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer in Measurement 2 is not particularly limited, but is usually 1.0 nm or more. Examples of the average range of the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer include 1.0 nm or more and 25.0 nm or less, 1.0 nm or more and 22.5 nm or less, 1.0 nm or more and 20.0 nm or less, and 1.0 nm or more and 17.5 nm or less.
  • the composition for the low refractive index layer 200 nm or less and the average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer 25.0 nm or less in Measurement 2 it is important to make it difficult for the composition for the low refractive index layer to flow down into the recesses when the low refractive index layer is formed on the antiglare layer. Furthermore, it is important that the composition for the low refractive index layer does not entrain air when it flows down into the recesses, or that coating unevenness of the low refractive index layer is suppressed.
  • the composition for the low refractive index layer contains a linking structure of fine particles" and/or that "the majority of the resin component of the composition for the low refractive index layer is a thermoplastic resin.” Furthermore, in order to prevent the composition for the low refractive index layer from entraining air when it flows down into the recesses, it is preferable that "the linking structure has a predetermined length.” In addition, in order to suppress uneven coating of the low refractive index layer, it is preferable that "the molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin is 200,000 or less.”
  • Measurement 1 and Measurement 2 are measured at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 5°C and a relative humidity of 40% to 65%. Furthermore, before starting each measurement, the target sample is exposed to the above atmosphere for 30 minutes to 60 minutes before the measurement is performed.
  • the "average occupied area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" in the areas corresponding to the recesses in the low refractive index layer is preferably 17.5% or more and 90% or less, more preferably 20% or more and 85% or less, and even more preferably 22.5% or more and 80% or less.
  • the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer" at locations corresponding to the convex portions of the low refractive index layer is preferably 5 nm or more and 175 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and even more preferably 20 nm or more and 135 nm or less.
  • the "average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” at locations corresponding to the convex portions of the low refractive index layer is preferably 25.0 nm or less, more preferably 22.5 nm or less, and even more preferably 20.0 nm or less.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure has, from the first surface to the second surface, a low refractive index layer and an antiglare layer in this order.
  • the outermost surface on the first surface side of the optical laminate is preferably the low refractive index layer.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure may have layers other than the low refractive index layer and the antiglare layer. Examples of the layers other than the low refractive index layer and the antiglare layer include a substrate, a high refractive index layer, an antistatic layer, and an adhesive layer.
  • the optical laminate preferably has a substrate.
  • the substrate is preferably one having optical transparency, smoothness, heat resistance, and excellent mechanical strength.
  • substrates include plastic films such as polyester, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyamide, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, and amorphous olefin (Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer: COP).
  • the substrate may be one in which two or more plastic films are bonded together.
  • polyester films include polyethylene terephthalate films and polyethylene naphthalate films.
  • TAC films and acrylic films are preferred because they are easy to improve light transmission and optical isotropy.
  • COP films and polyester films are preferred because they have excellent weather resistance.
  • the thickness of the substrate is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less.
  • the preferred upper limit of the thickness of the substrate is 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less.
  • the substrate is a low moisture permeable substrate such as polyester, COP, acrylic, etc.
  • the preferred upper limit of the thickness of the substrate for thinning is 60 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness of the substrate can be measured by a film thickness measuring device.
  • film thickness measuring devices include Mitutoyo's Digimatic Standard Outside Micrometer (product number: MDC-25SX).
  • the thickness of the substrate may be determined by measuring any ten points and averaging the measured value as described above.
  • Examples of the thickness range of the substrate include 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, and 30 ⁇ m or more
  • the substrate preferably has a total light transmittance according to JIS K7361-1:1997 of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 85% or more.
  • the substrate preferably has a haze according to JIS K7136:2000 of 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less.
  • the surface of the substrate may be subjected to physical treatment such as corona discharge treatment or chemical treatment to improve adhesion.
  • the substrate may also have an easy-adhesion layer on its surface.
  • the antiglare layer is a layer that plays a central role in providing antiglare properties.
  • the antiglare layer can be formed, for example, by (A) a method using an embossing roll, (B) an etching treatment, (C) molding with a mold, (D) formation of a coating film by coating, etc.
  • C molding with a mold
  • D formation of a coating film by coating is preferred for productivity and compatibility with a wide variety of products.
  • the antiglare layer can be formed by pouring a resin into a mold and removing the molded resin from the mold.
  • the mold used is a mold that has an inverted surface shape of the antiglare layer.
  • Such a mold can be prepared, for example, by the following methods (c1-1) to (c1-2) or (c2).
  • (c1-1) A desired surface shape is created by simulation, and the simulated shape is then inverted.
  • (c1-2) A mold is obtained by engraving the surface of a metal with a laser beam or processing the surface of a metal by photolithography so that the inverted shape is reflected.
  • the antiglare layer is formed by (D), for example, the following means (d1) and (d2) can be mentioned.
  • (d1) is preferable to (d2) in that the surface shape can be easily adjusted.
  • (d1) A means for forming an antiglare layer having unevenness based on the particles by applying a composition for an antiglare layer containing a binder resin and particles and drying the composition.
  • (d2) A method of forming unevenness by applying a composition for an antiglare layer containing a resin and a resin having poor compatibility with the resin, and causing phase separation of the resin.
  • the thickness T of the antiglare layer is preferably from 2.0 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m, more preferably from 3.0 ⁇ m to 8.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably from 4.0 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m, in order to balance curl suppression, mechanical strength, hardness, and toughness.
  • the thickness of the antiglare layer can be calculated by averaging 20 arbitrary points selected from a cross-sectional photograph of the optical laminate taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope.
  • the acceleration voltage of the STEM is preferably 10 kV to 30 kV, and the magnification of the STEM is preferably 1000 times to 7000 times.
  • Examples of the thickness range of the antiglare layer include 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 6.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.0 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.0 ⁇ m or more and 6.0 ⁇ m or less, 4.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 4.0 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, and 4.0 ⁇ m or more and 6.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the antiglare layer preferably mainly contains a resin component.
  • the antiglare layer further preferably contains additives such as particles such as organic particles and inorganic particles, nanometer-sized fine particles, a refractive index adjuster, an antistatic agent, a leveling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a viscosity adjuster, and a thermal polymerization initiator, as necessary.
  • the antiglare layer preferably contains a binder resin and particles.
  • the particles preferably have an average particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more. By making the average particle size 1.0 ⁇ m or more, it is easy to improve the anti-glare property.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure can easily improve the anti-reflection property of the optical laminate by making the "average of the occupied area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle size of 20 nm or more", “average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” within a predetermined range.
  • the particles preferably have an average particle size of 10.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 9.5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 9.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the scratch resistance of the optical laminate can be easily improved.
  • the average particle size refers to the value determined as the volume average value d50 by laser diffraction method.
  • Examples of the range of the average particle size of the particles include 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less, and 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • inorganic particles examples include silica, alumina, zirconia, and titania, with silica being preferred.
  • organic particles include particles containing one or more resins selected from polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin, polyester-based resin, and the like.
  • the thickness T of the antiglare layer and the average particle diameter d50 of the particles are preferably 0.55 to 1.00, more preferably 0.60 to 0.95, and even more preferably 0.70 to 0.90.
  • Other embodiments of the range of d50/T include 0.55 to 0.95, 0.55 to 0.90, 0.60 to 1.00, 0.60 to 0.90, 0.70 to 1.00, and 0.70 to 0.95.
  • the content of the particles is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 170 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • Other embodiments of the range of the content of the particles relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin include 10 parts by mass or more and 170 parts by mass or less, 10 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, 15 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, 15 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, 20 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, and 20 parts by mass or more and 170 parts by mass or less.
  • the particle content 10 parts by mass or more it is easy to improve the antiglare property.
  • the particle content 200 parts by mass or less it is easy to improve the scratch resistance of the optical laminate.
  • the antiglare layer may further contain inorganic fine particles in addition to the binder resin and the particles.
  • the inorganic fine particles and the above-mentioned particles can be distinguished from each other by the average particle size.
  • inorganic fine particles examples include fine particles made of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, etc. Among these, silica is preferred because it is easy to suppress the generation of internal haze.
  • the average particle size of the inorganic microparticles is preferably 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and even more preferably 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
  • Other embodiments of the range of the average particle size of the inorganic microparticles include 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 50 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
  • the binder resin preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin composition, such as a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition or a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, and more preferably contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition.
  • the binder resin may contain a thermoplastic resin as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not impaired.
  • the ratio of the cured product of the curable resin composition to the total amount of the binder resin is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and even more preferably 100% by mass, in order to facilitate good scratch resistance.
  • the thermosetting resin composition is a composition that contains at least a thermosetting resin, and is a resin composition that is cured by heating.
  • the thermosetting resin include acrylic resin, urethane resin, phenol resin, urea melamine resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, silicone resin, etc.
  • a curing agent is added to the curable resin as required.
  • the ionizing radiation curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having an ionizing radiation curable functional group (hereinafter also referred to as "ionizing radiation curable compound").
  • ionizing radiation curable compound examples include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl group, vinyl group, and allyl group, as well as epoxy group and oxetanyl group.
  • a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group is preferred, a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups is more preferred, and among them, a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups is even more preferred.
  • a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound either a monomer or an oligomer can be used.
  • the ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have an energy quantum capable of polymerizing or crosslinking molecules.
  • UV ultraviolet rays
  • EB electron beams
  • electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and gamma rays
  • charged particle beams such as alpha rays and ion beams
  • examples of bifunctional (meth)acrylate monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A tetraethoxydiacrylate, bisphenol A tetrapropoxydiacrylate, and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate.
  • trifunctional or higher (meth)acrylate monomers examples include trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, and isocyanuric acid-modified tri(meth)acrylate.
  • the (meth)acrylate monomer may have a part of its molecular skeleton modified, for example, with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, bisphenol, or the like.
  • polyfunctional (meth)acrylate oligomer examples include acrylate polymers such as urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and polyether (meth)acrylate.
  • the urethane (meth)acrylate can be obtained, for example, by reacting a polyhydric alcohol and an organic diisocyanate with a hydroxy (meth)acrylate.
  • Preferred epoxy (meth)acrylates are (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting a tri- or higher functional aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting a di- or higher functional aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a polybasic acid and (meth)acrylic acid, and (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting a di- or higher functional aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a phenol and (meth)acrylic acid.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate oligomer is preferably from 500 to 3000, and more preferably from 700 to 2500. Other embodiments of the range of the weight average molecular weight include from 500 to 2500 and from 700 to 3000. In this specification, the weight average molecular weight is an average molecular weight measured by GPC analysis and converted into standard polystyrene.
  • a monofunctional (meth)acrylate may be used in combination as an ionizing radiation curable compound for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the composition for the antiglare layer, etc.
  • the monofunctional (meth)acrylate include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, and isobornyl (meth)acrylate.
  • the above ionizing radiation curable compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the ionizing radiation curable composition preferably contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization accelerator.
  • the photopolymerization initiator may be one or more selected from acetophenone, benzophenone, ⁇ -hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin, benzyl dimethyl ketal, benzoyl benzoate, ⁇ -acyloxime ester, thioxanthones, and the like.
  • the photopolymerization accelerator can reduce the inhibition of polymerization caused by air during curing and increase the curing speed. Examples of the accelerator include p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester and p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester.
  • the antiglare layer may contain additives such as a leveling agent and an antioxidant.
  • the antiglare layer can be formed, for example, by applying a composition for an antiglare layer containing components constituting the antiglare layer onto a substrate, and drying and curing the composition as necessary.
  • the low refractive index layer is preferably located on the outermost surface on the first surface side.
  • the low refractive index layer contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more.
  • the spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more are preferably hollow particles.
  • the low refractive index layer can be formed by applying a composition for a low refractive index layer, which contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more, onto the antiglare layer, and drying and curing the composition as necessary.
  • the lower limit of the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.10 or more, more preferably 1.20 or more, more preferably 1.26 or more, more preferably 1.28 or more, and more preferably 1.30 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 1.48 or less, more preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.40 or less, more preferably 1.38 or less, and more preferably 1.32 or less.
  • the refractive index refers to the value at a wavelength of 550 nm.
  • Examples of the range of the refractive index of the low refractive index layer are 1.10 to 1.48, 1.10 to 1.45, 1.10 to 1.40, 1.10 to 1.38, 1.10 to 1.32, 1.20 to 1.48, 1.20 to 1.45, 1.20 to 1.40, 1.20 to 1.38, 1.20 to 1.32, 1.26 to 1.48, 1.26 to 1.45, Examples include 1.26 or more and 1.40 or less, 1.26 or more and 1.38 or less, 1.26 or more and 1.32 or less, 1.28 or more and 1.48 or less, 1.28 or more and 1.45 or less, 1.28 or more and 1.40 or less, 1.28 or more and 1.38 or less, 1.28 or more and 1.32 or less, 1.30 or more and 1.48 or less, 1.30 or more and 1.45 or less, 1.30 or more and 1.40 or less, 1.30 or more and 1.38 or less, and 1.30 or more and 1.32 or less.
  • the spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more are preferably hollow particles, since they can easily improve the antireflection properties by lowering the refractive index of the low refractive index layer.
  • the material of the spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more may be either an inorganic compound such as silica or magnesium fluoride, or an organic compound, but silica is preferred for its low refractive index and strength. That is, the spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more are preferably hollow silica particles.
  • the average particle diameter of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more is preferably 35 nm or more and 100 nm or less, more preferably 40 nm or more and 90 nm or less, and even more preferably 50 nm or more and 80 nm or less.
  • Other embodiments of the range of the average particle diameter of the spherical particles include 35 nm or more and 90 nm or less, 35 nm or more and 80 nm or less, 40 nm or more and 100 nm or less, 40 nm or more and 80 nm or less, 50 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and 50 nm or more and 90 nm or less.
  • the content of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more is preferably 50 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 100 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • the content of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more is preferably 300 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 250 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • Examples of the range of the content of the spherical particles relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin include 50 parts by mass or more and 300 parts by mass or less, 50 parts by mass or more and 250 parts by mass or less, 100 parts by mass or more and 300 parts by mass or less, and 100 parts by mass or more and 250 parts by mass or less.
  • the low refractive index layer is an embodiment of (1) or (2) below.
  • the low refractive index layer contains a connected structure of fine particles.
  • the low refractive index layer contains a thermoplastic resin as a binder resin, and the thermoplastic resin accounts for 60 mass % or more of the total amount of the binder resin.
  • the connected structure of the fine particles is longer than the spherical particles, so it is considered that it hooks the spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the composition for the low refractive index layer. Therefore, by including the connected structure of the fine particles, it is considered that the spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more are less likely to flow down from the convex parts of the low refractive index layer, and it is easy to make the "average of the occupied area ratio of the spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" and the like within the above range.
  • the viscosity of the composition for the low refractive index layer increases, and it is considered that the composition for the low refractive index layer is less likely to flow down from the convex parts of the low refractive index layer, and it is easy to make the "average of the occupied area ratio of the spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" and the like within the above range.
  • the linked fine particle structure preferably has a major axis of 20 nm or more, more preferably 30 nm or more, and even more preferably 35 nm or more.
  • the major axis of the microparticle-connected structure is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 150 nm or less, and even more preferably 100 nm or less.
  • the major axis of the connected structure of the fine particles means the maximum length between any two points on the connected structure.
  • the long diameter of the connected structures of the fine particles means the average value of 18 of the long diameters of the 20 connected structures, excluding the minimum and maximum values.
  • the long diameter of each connected structure can be measured by preparing a sample in which the horizontal cross section of the optical laminate is exposed, photographing the prepared sample with a scanning transmission electron microscope, and performing the following steps (3-1) to (3-2) based on the photographed image.
  • the "horizontal cross section of the optical laminate” means a cross section parallel to the XY plane when the first surface of the optical laminate is assumed to be the XY plane.
  • a sample having an exposed horizontal cross section of the optical laminate can be prepared, for example, by the following steps (B1) to (B2).
  • B1 The optical laminate is cut to a desired size to prepare a cut sample, and then the cut sample is embedded in a resin to prepare an embedded sample.
  • B2) The embedded sample is cut horizontally to prepare a sample for measuring a cross-sectional image, in which the horizontal cross section of the optical laminate is exposed.
  • the shape of the linked structure of microparticles is preferably a structure in which microparticles are linked in a beaded shape.
  • a structure in which microparticles are linked in a beaded shape is different from general-purpose aggregates in which microparticles are aggregated in a spherical or elliptical shape.
  • Examples of a structure in which microparticles are linked in a beaded shape include a structure in which microparticles are continuously linked in a straight or curved shape, and a structure in which multiple of the above-mentioned straight structures and/or curved structures are intertwined.
  • the fine particles constituting the connected structure are preferably solid particles.
  • the material of the fine particles constituting the connected structure is preferably an inorganic compound such as silica or magnesium fluoride, and the silica-based compound is preferable for low refractive index and strength. That is, the fine particles constituting the connected structure are preferably solid silica-based particles.
  • silica-based compound a compound having a hydrolysis condensation product of tetrafunctional silane, trifunctional silane, bifunctional silane, or monofunctional silane as a constituent is preferred, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • a compound having a hydrolysis condensation product of tetrafunctional silane or trifunctional silane as a constituent is more preferred.
  • the average primary particle diameter of the fine particles constituting the connected structure is preferably 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or more and 15 nm or less.
  • range of the average primary particle diameter of the fine particles include 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less, 1 nm or more and 15 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 30 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 15 nm or less, 10 nm or more and 30 nm or less, and 10 nm or more and 20 nm or less.
  • the content of the linked structure of the fine particles is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 12.5 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • Other embodiments of the range of the content of the linked structure relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin include 10 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, 10 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, 12.5 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, 12.5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, 15 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, and 15 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less.
  • the effect of including the linked structure of the fine particles can be easily exerted.
  • the content of the linked structure of the fine particles By setting the content of the linked structure of the fine particles to 50 parts by mass or less, it is possible to easily suppress a decrease in the occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more.
  • the connected microparticle structure can be manufactured, for example, by the method described in paragraph 0018 of JP 2010-143784 A.
  • the longer the moist heat reaction time the longer the major axis of the connected microparticle structure tends to become.
  • the binder resin of the low refractive index layer preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin composition such as a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition or a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, in order to improve scratch resistance, and more preferably contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition.
  • the binder resin may also contain an F atom or a Si atom.
  • the binder resin may contain a thermoplastic resin within a range that does not impair the effects of the present disclosure.
  • the cured product of the curable resin composition for the low refractive index layer examples include the same cured products of the curable resin composition as exemplified for the antiglare layer.
  • the ratio of the cured product of the curable resin composition to the total amount of the binder resin in the low refractive index layer is preferably 80 mass % or more, more preferably 90 mass % or more, and even more preferably 97 mass % or more.
  • the low refractive index layer contains a thermoplastic resin as a binder resin, and contains 60% by mass or more of the thermoplastic resin with respect to the total amount of the binder resin.
  • the viscosity of the composition for the low refractive index layer increases, making it difficult for the composition for the low refractive index layer to flow down from the convex parts of the low refractive index layer, and it is considered that it is easy to make the "average of the occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" and the like within the above range.
  • the content of the thermoplastic resin is more preferably 75 mass% or more, and even more preferably 85 mass% or more, based on the total amount of the binder resin.
  • the binder resin may contain F atoms or Si atoms.
  • the content of the thermoplastic resin is preferably 95 mass % or less based on the total amount of the binder resin.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include polystyrene-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, ABS resins (including heat-resistant ABS resins), AS resins, AN resins, polyphenylene oxide-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, polyacetal-based resins, acrylic-based resins, polyethylene terephthalate-based resins, polybutylene terephthalate-based resins, polysulfone-based resins, and polyphenylene sulfide-based resins, and from the viewpoint of transparency, acrylic-based resins are preferred.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin is preferably 20,000 or more and 200,000 or less, more preferably 30,000 or more and 150,000 or less, and even more preferably 50,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
  • the weight-average molecular weight is preferably 20,000 or more and 200,000 or less, more preferably 30,000 or more and 150,000 or less, and even more preferably 50,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
  • the binder resin preferably contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition in addition to the thermoplastic resin.
  • the mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin to the cured product of the ionizing radiation curable resin composition is preferably 60:40 to 99:1, and more preferably 70:30 to 95:5.
  • the low refractive index layer may contain additives such as leveling agents, antifouling agents, and antioxidants.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure may have a high refractive index layer between the antiglare layer and the low refractive index layer in order to improve antireflection properties.
  • the lower limit of the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.53 or more, more preferably 1.54 or more, more preferably 1.55 or more, and more preferably 1.56 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 1.85 or less, more preferably 1.80 or less, more preferably 1.75 or less, and more preferably 1.70 or less.
  • Examples of the range of the refractive index of the high refractive index layer include 1.53 or more and 1.85 or less, 1.53 or more and 1.80 or less, 1.53 or more and 1.75 or less, 1.53 or more and 1.70 or less, 1.54 or more and 1.85 or less, 1.54 or more and 1.80 or less, 1.54 or more and 1.75 or less, 1.54 or more and 1.70 or less, 1.55 or more and 1.85 or less, 1.55 or more and 1.80 or less, 1.55 or more and 1.75 or less, 1.55 or more and 1.70 or less, 1.56 or more and 1.85 or less, 1.56 or more and 1.80 or less, 1.56 or more and 1.75 or less, and 1.56 or more and 1.70 or less.
  • the upper limit of the film thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 180 nm or less, and even more preferably 150 nm or less, and the lower limit is preferably 50 nm or more, and more preferably 70 nm or more.
  • Examples of the range of the thickness of the high refractive index layer include 50 nm to 200 nm, 50 nm to 180 nm, 50 nm to 150 nm, 70 nm to 200 nm, 70 nm to 180 nm, and 70 nm to 150 nm.
  • the high refractive index layer contains, for example, a binder resin and high refractive index particles.
  • the binder resin may be the same as the binder resin in the low refractive index layer.
  • high refractive index particles include antimony pentoxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, yttrium oxide, and zirconium oxide.
  • the average primary particle size of the high refractive index particles is preferably 2 nm or more, more preferably 5 nm or more, and even more preferably 10 nm or more.
  • the average primary particle size of the high refractive index particles is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably 80 nm or less, more preferably 60 nm or less, and even more preferably 30 nm or less.
  • Examples of the range of the average primary particle diameter of the high refractive index particles include 2 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 80 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 60 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 30 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 80 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 60 nm or less, 5 nm or more and 30 nm or less, 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, 10 nm or more and 80 nm or less, 10 nm or more and 60 nm or less, and 10 nm or more and 30 nm or less.
  • the content of the high refractive index particles may be set so that the refractive index of the
  • the first surface of the optical laminate preferably has an uneven shape and a three-dimensional arithmetic mean height Sa of 0.30 ⁇ m or more.
  • Sa three-dimensional arithmetic mean height
  • the first surface has Sa of more preferably 0.35 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.40 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 0.45 ⁇ m or more. If the Sa of the first surface is too large, the scratch resistance of the optical laminate may decrease. Therefore, the Sa of the first surface is preferably 1.00 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.80 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.70 ⁇ m or less.
  • Examples of the range of Sa of the first surface include 0.30 ⁇ m or more and 1.00 ⁇ m or less, 0.30 ⁇ m or more and 0.80 ⁇ m or less, 0.30 ⁇ m or more and 0.70 ⁇ m or less, 0.35 ⁇ m or more and 1.00 ⁇ m or less, 0.35 ⁇ m or more and 0.80 ⁇ m or less, 0.35 ⁇ m or more and 0.70 ⁇ m or less, 0.40 ⁇ m or more and 1.00 ⁇ m or less, 0.40 ⁇ m or more and 0.80 ⁇ m or less, 0.40 ⁇ m or more and 0.70 ⁇ m or less, 0.45 ⁇ m or more and 1.00 ⁇ m or less, 0.45 ⁇ m or more and 0.80 ⁇ m or less, and 0.45 ⁇ m or more and 0.70 ⁇ m or less.
  • the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness Sa is a three-dimensional extension of the two-dimensional roughness parameter Ra described in JIS B0601:1994, and is calculated by the following formula, where the orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y are placed on the reference plane, the roughness curve is Z(x, y), and the size of the reference plane is Lx and Ly.
  • A Lx x Ly.
  • the first surface of the optical laminate preferably has a three-dimensional average peak spacing Smp of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • Other embodiments of the range of Smp include 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, and 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the three-dimensional average peak spacing Smp is calculated as follows: When a portion surrounded by one area that is higher than the reference surface from the three-dimensional roughness curved surface is defined as one peak, the number of peaks is defined as Ps, and the area of the entire measurement area (reference surface) is defined as A, Smp is calculated by the following formula.
  • the above Sa and Smp are measured using an interference microscope.
  • interference microscopes include Zygo's "New View” series.
  • Sa and Smp can be easily calculated by using the measurement and analysis application software "MetroPro” that comes with the aforementioned interference microscope "New View” series.
  • the surface shape (Sa, Smp) and optical properties (R SCI , haze, total light transmittance, transmitted image clarity, etc.) refer to the average values of 14 measured values obtained by excluding the maximum and minimum values from the measured values at 16 points, unless otherwise specified.
  • the 16 measurement points are preferably centered on 16 intersections of lines drawn by excluding a 1 cm area from the outer edge of the measurement sample as a margin and dividing the remaining area into 5 equal parts vertically and horizontally. For example, when the measurement sample is rectangular, a 0.5 cm area from the outer edge of the rectangle is excluded as a margin, and the measurement is centered on 16 intersections of dotted lines dividing the remaining area into 5 equal parts vertically and horizontally.
  • the average value of 14 measurement values excluding the maximum and minimum values from the 16 measurement values is preferably used as the parameter value.
  • the measurement sample is a shape other than a rectangle, such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, or a pentagon, it is preferable to draw a rectangle inscribed in these shapes and measure 16 points on the rectangle using the above method.
  • the optical laminate preferably has a total light reflectance R SCI measured by the following method of less than 1.50%.
  • the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is a reflectance measured by the SCI method.
  • SCI is an abbreviation for Specular Component Include. [Measurement of total light reflectance (R SCI )] A sample is prepared by bonding a black plate to the second surface side of the optical laminate via a transparent adhesive, and the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is measured with the optical laminate side of the sample as the light incident surface.
  • the R SCI of the optical laminate is more preferably 1.45% or less, and even more preferably 1.43% or less.
  • the lower limit of the R SCI of the optical laminate is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1% or more.
  • SCI is an abbreviation for Specular Component Include, and refers to reflected light that includes a component that is a specular reflection from a sample.
  • the SCI measurement device is configured in accordance with geometric condition d of JIS Z8722:2009. ⁇ JIS Z8722:2009 Geometric Condition d>
  • the sample is illuminated with a single beam of light whose optical axis is angled no more than 10° relative to the normal to the sample surface, and the light reflected in all directions is collected and received. In this case, the illuminated beam of light must not contain any rays whose center line is inclined by more than 5°.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the transparent adhesive of the sample and the refractive index of the layer on the second surface side of the optical laminate is preferably within 0.05, more preferably within 0.03, and even more preferably within 0.01.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the transparent adhesive of the sample and the refractive index of the binder resin of the black board is preferably within 0.05, more preferably within 0.03, and even more preferably within 0.01.
  • the optical laminate preferably has a total light transmittance according to JIS K7361-1:1997 of 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more.
  • the light incident surface when measuring the total light transmittance and the haze is the second surface side of the optical laminate.
  • the optical laminate preferably has a haze of 20% or more and 75% or less according to JIS K7136:2000.
  • the lower limit of the haze is more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 70% or less, and even more preferably 65% or less.
  • Examples of the haze range include 20% or more and 75% or less, 20% or more and 70% or less, 20% or more and 65% or less, 30% or more and 75% or less, 30% or more and 70% or less, 30% or more and 65% or less, 40% or more and 75% or less, 40% or more and 70% or less, and 40% or more and 65% or less.
  • the optical laminate preferably has an internal haze of 20% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less.
  • the internal haze can be measured by a general-purpose method, for example, by bonding a transparent sheet to the first surface of the optical laminate via a transparent adhesive layer, thereby eliminating any irregularities on the first surface.
  • the transmission image clarity when the optical comb width is 0.125 mm is defined as C0.125
  • the transmission image clarity when the optical comb width is 0.25 mm is defined as C0.25
  • the transmission image clarity when the optical comb width is 0.5 mm is defined as C0.5
  • the transmission image clarity when the optical comb width is 1.0 mm is defined as C1.0
  • the transmission image clarity when the optical comb width is 2.0 mm is defined as C2.0
  • the values of C0.125 , C0.25 , C0.5 , C1.0 and C2.0 are within the following ranges.
  • C0.125 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C0.125 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution. Examples of the range of C0.125 include 1.0% or more and 50% or less, 1.0% or more and 40% or less, 1.0% or more and 30% or less, and 1.0% or more and 20% or less.
  • C0.25 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C0.25 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • Examples of the range of C0.25 include 1.0% or more and 50% or less, 1.0% or more and 40% or less, 1.0% or more and 30% or less, and 1.0% or more and 20% or less.
  • C0.5 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less.
  • C0.5 is preferably 1.0% or more.
  • Examples of the range of C0.5 include 1.0% or more and 50% or less, 1.0% or more and 40% or less, 1.0% or more and 30% or less, and 1.0% or more and 20% or less.
  • C1.0 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C1.0 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • Examples of the range of C1.0 include 1.0% or more and 50% or less, 1.0% or more and 40% or less, 1.0% or more and 30% or less, and 1.0% or more and 20% or less.
  • C2.0 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C2.0 is preferably 5.0% or more in order to improve resolution. Examples of the range of C2.0 include 5.0% or more and 50% or less, 5.0% or more and 40% or less, 5.0% or more and 30% or less, and 5.0% or more and 20% or less.
  • the sum of C0.125 , C0.5 , C1.0 and C2.0 is preferably 200% or less, more preferably 150% or less, more preferably 100% or less, and more preferably 80% or less.
  • the sum is preferably 10.0% or more. Examples of the range of the sum include 10.0% or more and 200% or less, 10.0% or more and 150% or less, 10.0% or more and 100% or less, and 10.0% or more and 80% or less.
  • the optical laminate may be in the form of a sheet cut to a predetermined size, or in the form of a roll obtained by winding a long sheet into a roll.
  • the size of the sheet is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter is about 2 inches to 500 inches.
  • the "maximum diameter” refers to the maximum length when any two points on the optical laminate are connected. For example, when the optical laminate is rectangular, the diagonal line of the area is the maximum diameter. When the optical laminate is circular, the diameter of the circle is the maximum diameter.
  • the width and length of the roll are not particularly limited, but generally, the width is about 500 mm to 3000 mm, and the length is about 500 m to 5000 m.
  • the optical laminate in the form of a roll can be cut into sheets according to the size of an image display device or the like. When cutting, it is preferable to exclude the ends of the roll, which have unstable physical properties.
  • the shape of the sheet is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polygons such as triangles, rectangles, and pentagons, circles, and random, indefinite shapes. More specifically, when the optical laminate is rectangular, the aspect ratio is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause any problems as a display screen. For example, the aspect ratio may be 1:1, 4:3, 16:10, 16:9, or 2:1, but in vehicle-mounted applications and digital signage that are rich in design, the aspect ratio is not limited to these.
  • the surface shape of the second surface of the optical laminate is not particularly limited, but it is preferably approximately smooth. Approximately smooth means that the arithmetic mean roughness Ra according to JIS B0601:1994 at a cutoff value of 0.8 mm is less than 0.03 ⁇ m, and preferably is 0.02 ⁇ m or less.
  • a polarizing plate according to the present disclosure is a polarizing plate having a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer, At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above, and the second surface of the optical laminate is arranged opposite the polarizer.
  • the polarizer examples include sheet-type polarizers such as polyvinyl alcohol films, polyvinyl formal films, polyvinyl acetal films, and saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films dyed with iodine or the like and stretched, wire-grid-type polarizers made of a large number of metal wires arranged in parallel, coating-type polarizers coated with lyotropic liquid crystal or a dichroic guest-host material, and multilayer thin-film-type polarizers.
  • These polarizers may be reflective polarizers that have the function of reflecting polarized components that are not transmitted.
  • a first transparent protective plate is disposed on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate is disposed on the other side of the polarizer. At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above.
  • the polarizing plate of the present disclosure may be such that one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above, or both of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate are the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above.
  • the transparent protective plate that is not the optical laminate of the present disclosure may be a general-purpose plastic film, glass, or the like.
  • the polarizer and the transparent protective plate are preferably bonded together via an adhesive.
  • Any general-purpose adhesive can be used, with a PVA-based adhesive being preferred.
  • the face plate for an image display device is a face plate for an image display device having a protective film laminated onto a resin plate or a glass plate, the protective film being the optical laminate according to the present disclosure described above, and the second surface of the optical laminate being arranged opposite the resin plate or the glass plate.
  • a resin plate or glass plate that is generally used as the surface plate of an image display device can be used.
  • the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more in order to improve the strength.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is usually 5000 ⁇ m or less. In order to reduce the thickness, the upper limit of the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less. Examples of the range of the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate include 10 ⁇ m or more and 5000 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • the image display panel of the present disclosure is an image display panel having a display element and an optical laminate arranged on the light emission surface side of the display element, and the optical laminate includes the optical laminate of the present disclosure described above (see Figure 2).
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is preferably disposed so that the second surface side faces the display element side.
  • the optical laminate of the present disclosure is preferably disposed on the outermost surface on the light emission surface side of a display element.
  • the display element examples include an EL display element such as an organic EL display element or an inorganic EL display element, a liquid crystal display element, a plasma display element, etc., and further includes an LED display element such as a micro LED display element. These display elements may have a touch panel function inside the display element.
  • the liquid crystal display mode of the liquid crystal display element include the IPS mode, the VA mode, the multi-domain mode, the OCB mode, the STN mode, and the TSTN mode.
  • the image display panel of the present disclosure may also be an image display panel with a touch panel having a touch panel between the display element and the optical laminate.
  • the size of the image display panel is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter is approximately 2 inches to 500 inches.
  • the maximum diameter refers to the maximum length when connecting any two points on the surface of the image display panel.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure includes the image display panel of the present disclosure.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as it includes the image display panel of the present disclosure.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure preferably includes the image display panel of the present disclosure, a drive control unit electrically connected to the image display panel, and a housing that houses them.
  • the display element is a liquid crystal display element
  • the image display device of the present disclosure requires a backlight, which is disposed on the side opposite to the light exit surface of the liquid crystal display element.
  • the size of the image display device is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter of the effective display area is about 2 inches to 500 inches.
  • the effective display area of an image display device is an area in which an image can be displayed. For example, when the image display device has a housing that surrounds a display element, the area inside the housing is the effective image area.
  • the maximum diameter of the effective image area refers to the maximum length between any two points in the effective image area. For example, if the effective image area is rectangular, the maximum diameter is the diagonal line of the area. Also, if the effective image area is circular, the maximum diameter is the diameter of the area.
  • the present disclosure includes the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>.
  • ⁇ 1> An optical laminate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, The optical laminate has a low refractive index layer and an antiglare layer in this order from the first surface to the second surface, the low refractive index layer contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more, The first surface has an uneven shape, The "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle size of 20 nm or more" calculated by the following measurement 1 is 15.0% or more, An optical laminate in which the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer" is 200 nm or less and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” is 25.0 nm or less, as calculated by the following measurement 2.
  • ⁇ Measurement 1> The surface of the first side of the optical laminate is imaged by a scanning electron microscope. The imaging area is adjusted so that the area not including the scale bar is 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long. Furthermore, the area of 50.79 ⁇ m wide by 38.10 ⁇ m long is adjusted to have a pixel count of 1280 pixels by 890 pixels. (1-2) The image of the 50.79 ⁇ m horizontal ⁇ 38.10 ⁇ m vertical area of (1-1) above is divided into 256 gradations, with the darkest part being 0 and the brightest part being 255.
  • the area ratio of spherical particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in the 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long region is calculated.
  • the above steps (1-1) to (1-4) are carried out at 20 points on the surface of the first surface side of the optical laminate.
  • the average of the area ratios of 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values is defined as the "average exclusive area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or more.”
  • ⁇ Measurement 2> (2-1)
  • the vertical cross section of the optical laminate is imaged using a scanning transmission electron microscope. The image is adjusted so that the area not including the scale bar is 254 ⁇ m wide by 178 ⁇ m long.
  • the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the average value of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer is the standard deviation of the film thicknesses at 25 locations.
  • the aforementioned 25 locations are selected at 50 nm intervals within a range of 1270 nm long.
  • the above steps (2-1) to (2-3) are carried out at 20 points on the vertical cross section of the optical laminate.
  • the average thickness and the average standard deviation of the thicknesses at 18 points excluding the minimum and maximum values are defined as the "average thickness of the low refractive index layer" and the "average standard deviation of the thickness of the low refractive index layer.”
  • ⁇ 2> The optical laminate according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the first surface has a three-dimensional arithmetic mean height Sa of 0.30 ⁇ m or more and 1.00 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ 3> The optical laminate according to ⁇ 1> or [2], wherein the first surface has a three-dimensional average peak spacing Smp of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ 4> The optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to [3], wherein the low refractive index layer contains a connected structure of fine particles.
  • ⁇ 5> The optical laminate according to ⁇ 4>, wherein the connected structures have an average major axis length of 20 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
  • ⁇ 6> The optical laminate according to ⁇ 4> or ⁇ 5>, wherein the linked structure is contained in an amount of 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • ⁇ 7> The optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the low refractive index layer contains a thermoplastic resin as the binder resin and contains the thermoplastic resin in an amount of 60 mass% or more with respect to a total amount of the binder resin.
  • ⁇ 8> The optical laminate according to ⁇ 7>, in which the low refractive index layer further contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition as the binder resin.
  • ⁇ 9> The optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the optical laminate has, from the first surface to the second surface, the low refractive index layer, the antiglare layer, and a substrate in this order.
  • the particles in the antiglare layer include particles having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ 12> The optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the optical laminate has a total light reflectance R SCI measured by the following method of less than 1.50%.
  • R SCI total light reflectance
  • a sample is prepared by bonding a black plate to the second surface side of the optical laminate via a transparent adhesive, and the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is measured with the optical laminate side of the sample as the light incident surface.
  • ⁇ 13> The optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12>, having a haze according to JIS K7136:2000 of 20% or more and 75% or less.
  • a polarizing plate comprising a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate disposed on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate disposed on the other side of the polarizer, A polarizing plate, wherein at least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>, and the second surface of the optical laminate is disposed opposite the polarizer.
  • a face plate for an image display device comprising a protective film attached onto a resin plate or a glass plate, the protective film being the optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>, and the second surface of the optical laminate being disposed opposite the resin plate or the glass plate.
  • An image display panel having a display element and an optical laminate arranged on a light emission surface side of the display element, the optical laminate comprising the optical laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>.
  • An image display device comprising the image display panel according to ⁇ 16>.
  • the optical laminates of the examples and comparative examples were measured and evaluated as follows.
  • the atmosphere during each measurement and evaluation was a temperature of 23 ⁇ 5° C. and a relative humidity of 40% to 65%.
  • the target sample was exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes to 60 minutes before measurement and evaluation. The results are shown in Table 1 or 2.
  • step (1-4) the area ratio occupied by spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more in an area of 1270 nm wide x 890 nm long was calculated using the circular figure separation function of "WinROOF version 6.6.0" manufactured by Mitani Shoji Co., Ltd.
  • the average of the occupied area ratio calculated by Measurement 1 can be regarded as the "average of the occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" in the convex portion of the low refractive index layer.
  • the "average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” calculated by Measurement 2 can be regarded as the “average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” and the “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” in the recesses of the low refractive index layer.
  • Sample 1 was produced by bonding the substrate side, which is the second surface side of the cut optical laminate, to a black plate (Kuraray Co., Ltd., product name: Comoglass DFA2CG 502K (black) series, thickness 2 mm) having a size of 10 cm x 10 cm via an optically transparent adhesive sheet (product name: Panaclean PD-S1) made by Panac Co., Ltd.
  • a spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation (main body: UV-3600 Plus, external unit: MPC-603) was prepared.
  • the total light reflectance (reflectance measured by the SCI method: R SCI ) was measured from the first surface side of Sample 1.
  • a total light reflectance (R SCI ) of less than 1.50% is considered to be at the pass level.
  • a baseline measurement was performed using a standard white plate molded from barium sulfate powder.
  • the sample 1 prepared in 1-3 was placed on a horizontal table with a height of 70 cm, with the first surface side (the low refractive index layer side) facing up. The sample was placed so that it was almost directly under the illumination light. The sample was observed from the front (however, the observer was made to not block the illumination light), and the reflection of the illumination light on the uneven surface was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
  • the lighting was a Hf32-type straight tube three-wavelength neutral white fluorescent lamp, and the lighting position was 2 m above the horizontal table in the vertical direction.
  • the illuminance on the uneven surface of the sample was evaluated in the range of 500 lux to 1000 lux.
  • the contact area between the steel wool and the sample was 1 cm2 . Then, each sample was visually observed under fluorescent lighting to confirm the number of scratches and discoloration. At that time, the illuminance on the sample was 800 lux or more and 1200 lux or less, and the observation distance was 30 cm. The observers were healthy people in their 30s with eyesight of 0.7 or more. The discoloration of the sample is considered to occur due to a change in the film thickness caused by the low refractive index layer being scraped off. ⁇ Evaluation criteria> A: No scratches or discoloration were found. B: No scratches were found, but slight discoloration was found. C: Scratches and discoloration are clearly visible.
  • the optical laminates of the examples and comparative examples were cut to 10 cm x 10 cm. The cut locations were selected from random locations after visually checking for any abnormalities such as dust or scratches.
  • Sample 2 was produced by bonding the transparent substrate side of the cut optical laminate to a glass plate (thickness 2.0 mm) measuring 10 cm long x 10 cm wide via an optically transparent adhesive sheet (product name: Panaclean PD-S1, thickness 25 ⁇ m) manufactured by Panac Corporation. Using a white light interference microscope (New View 7300, Zygo), Sample 1 was set so as to be fixed and in close contact with the measurement stage, and then the surface shape of the optical laminate was measured and analyzed under the following measurement condition 1 and analysis condition 1. Note that the measurement and analysis software used was Microscope Application of MetroPro ver. 9.0.10 (64-bit).
  • Haze (Hz) The optical laminates of the examples and comparative examples were cut into 10 cm squares. The cut locations were selected randomly after visually checking for any abnormalities such as dust or scratches.
  • the haze of each sample was measured according to JIS K7136:2000 using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory).
  • the power switch of the device was turned on and the device was left on for 15 minutes or more in order to allow the light source to stabilize, and calibration was performed without setting anything in the entrance opening, after which the measurement sample was set in the entrance opening and measurement was performed.
  • the light incident surface was set on the substrate side.
  • the optical laminates of the examples and comparative examples all had a total light transmittance of 90% or more.
  • Example 1 The following composition 1 for antiglare layer was applied onto a substrate (a triacetyl cellulose resin film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m, manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation). The substrate was then dried at 70° C. and a wind speed of 5 m/s for 30 seconds. The substrate was then irradiated with ultraviolet light in a nitrogen atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less so that the accumulated light amount was 100 mJ/ cm2 , thereby forming an antiglare layer having a thickness of 5.0 ⁇ m. Next, the composition 1 for low refractive index layer was applied onto the antiglare layer. Then, it was dried for 30 seconds at 70° C. and a wind speed of 5 m/s.
  • a substrate a triacetyl cellulose resin film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m, manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation.
  • the substrate was then dried at 70° C. and a wind speed of 5 m/s for 30 seconds.
  • Example 1 After the irradiated with ultraviolet light in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less so that the accumulated light amount was 100 mJ/ cm2 , forming a low refractive index layer with a thickness of 0.10 ⁇ m, and the optical laminate of Example 1 was obtained.
  • composition 1 for low refractive index layer Hollow silica fine particles: 175 parts by weight (solid content equivalent) (Average primary particle diameter: 75 nm) Solid silica fine particles: 25 parts by weight (solid content) (A connected structure of silica fine particles with an average major axis length of 50 nm.
  • Hexafunctional acrylate monomer 100 parts by mass (solid content equivalent) (DPHA, manufactured by Sartomer Corporation)
  • Photopolymerization initiator 7.0 parts by mass (solid content)
  • Silicone leveling agent 10 parts by weight (solid content) (X-22-164E: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) ⁇ MIBK 16367 parts by mass
  • Example 1 ⁇ Production of solid silica fine particles used in Example 1> Following the method described in Example 6 of JP 2010-143784 A, 250 parts by mass of silica sol with SiO2 concentration of 15% by mass, reduced particle diameter of 5-6 nm, and pH of 10.5 was placed in a 300 mL SUS autoclave, and growth reaction was carried out at 150°C for 1 hour while stirring. The surface of the solid silica fine particles of the obtained silica sol was modified with 6.2 parts by mass of a silane coupling agent (product name: KBM-503, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). Next, the solvent was replaced with MIBK to obtain a silica sol containing solid silica fine particles. The solid silica fine particles in the obtained silica sol had a connected structure with an average major axis length of 50 nm.
  • a silane coupling agent product name: KBM-503, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Example 2 An optical laminate of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition 1 for a low refractive index layer was changed to the composition 2 for a low refractive index layer described below.
  • composition 2 for low refractive index layer Hollow silica fine particles: 175 parts by weight (solid content equivalent) (Average primary particle diameter: 75 nm) Solid silica fine particles: 25 parts by weight (solid content) (Average primary particle diameter: 12.5 nm) (Particles that have been surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a methacryl group.
  • Hexafunctional acrylate monomer 30 parts by mass (solid content) (DPHA, manufactured by Sartomer Corporation) PMMA polymer 70 parts by weight (solid content) (Weight average molecular weight 75,000, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
  • Photopolymerization initiator 7.0 parts by mass (solid content) (IGMResins B.V., product name: Omnirad127)
  • Silicone leveling agent 10 parts by weight (solid content) (X-22-164E: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) ⁇ MIBK 16367 parts by mass
  • Example 3 An optical laminate of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in the composition 1 for the low refractive index layer, the solid silica fine particles were changed to a connected structure of silica fine particles having an average major axis length of 35 nm.
  • ⁇ Preparation of solid silica particles used in Example 3> A silica sol containing solid silica fine particles was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the growth reaction in Example 1 was changed to 1 hour at 130° C. The solid silica fine particles in the obtained silica sol had a connected structure with an average major axis length of 35 nm.
  • Example 4 An optical laminate of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in the composition 1 for the low refractive index layer, the solid silica fine particles were changed to a connected structure of silica fine particles having an average major axis length of 100 nm.
  • ⁇ Preparation of solid silica fine particles used in Example 4> A silica sol containing solid silica fine particles was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the growth reaction in Example 1 was changed to 2 hours at 150° C. The solid silica fine particles in the obtained silica sol had a connected structure with an average major axis length of 100 nm.
  • Example 5 As the composition for antiglare layer of Example 5, the composition for antiglare layer 1 was used by adding 5 parts by mass of second silica particles (average particle size 6.0 ⁇ m, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical) in terms of solid content. Furthermore, the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 6.2 ⁇ m. Except for these changes, the optical laminate of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • second silica particles average particle size 6.0 ⁇ m, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical
  • Example 6 As the composition for antiglare layer of Example 6, the silica particles having an average particle diameter of 4.1 ⁇ m of the composition for antiglare layer 1 were replaced with silica particles having an average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m (manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.). The content of the silica particles having an average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m was 15 parts by mass in terms of solid content. Furthermore, the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 3.5 ⁇ m. Except for these changes, the optical laminate of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Example 7 As the composition for antiglare layer of Example 6, the silica particles having an average particle diameter of 4.1 ⁇ m of the composition for antiglare layer 1 were replaced with silica particles having an average particle diameter of 2.5 ⁇ m (manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.). The content of the silica particles having an average particle diameter of 2.5 ⁇ m was 18 parts by mass in terms of solid content. Furthermore, the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 3.0 ⁇ m. Except for these changes, the optical laminate of Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Comparative Example 1 An optical laminate of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in the composition 1 for the low refractive index layer, the solid silica fine particles were changed to spherical silica particles having an average primary particle diameter of 12.5 nm and surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a methacryl group.
  • Comparative Example 2 An optical laminate of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in the composition 1 for low refractive index layer, the solid silica fine particles were changed to a connected structure of silica fine particles having an average major axis length of 500 nm.
  • ⁇ Production of solid silica fine particles used in Comparative Example 2> A silica sol containing solid silica fine particles was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the growth reaction in Example 1 was changed to 4 hours at 150° C. The solid silica fine particles in the obtained silica sol had a connected structure with an average major axis length of 500 nm.
  • Comparative Example 3 An optical laminate of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that in the composition 2 for the low refractive index layer, the content of the hexafunctional acrylate monomer was changed to 90 parts by mass in terms of solid content, and the content of the PMMA polymer was changed to 10 parts by mass in terms of solid content.
  • Comparative Example 4 An optical laminate of Comparative Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that Composition 1 for a low refractive index layer was changed to Composition 3 for a low refractive index layer described below.
  • composition 3 for low refractive index layer Hollow silica fine particles: 175 parts by weight (solid content equivalent) (Average primary particle diameter: 75 nm) Solid silica fine particles: 25 parts by weight (solid content) (Average primary particle diameter: 12.5 nm) (Particles that have been surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a methacryl group.
  • the optical laminates of the Examples have an "average occupied area ratio of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or more" of 15.0% or more, an “average film thickness of the low refractive index layer” of 200 nm or less, and an “average standard deviation of the film thickness of the low refractive index layer” of 25.0 nm or less. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the optical laminates of the Examples have a lower total light reflectance (R SCI ) and better antireflection properties than the optical laminates of the Comparative Examples.
  • R SCI total light reflectance
  • Substrate 20 Antiglare layer 30: Low refractive index layer 100: Optical laminate 110: Display element 120: Image display panel

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PCT/JP2024/007546 2023-03-02 2024-02-29 光学積層体、並びに、前記光学積層体を用いた偏光板、表面板、画像表示パネル及び画像表示装置 Ceased WO2024181533A1 (ja)

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JP2010143784A (ja) * 2008-12-18 2010-07-01 Adeka Corp 分鎖状シリカ粒子よりなるシリカゾル及びその製造方法
WO2015004811A1 (ja) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 株式会社日立製作所 有機ｅｌ素子及びそれを用いた有機ｅｌ照明装置
WO2015198762A1 (ja) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-30 コニカミノルタ株式会社 光学反射フィルム、光学反射フィルムの製造方法、およびそれを用いる光学反射体
WO2016002434A1 (ja) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-07 富士フイルム株式会社 液晶表示装置
JP2016137611A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 東レフィルム加工株式会社 透明積層フィルムおよびその製造方法
JP2023009185A (ja) * 2020-05-15 2023-01-19 大日本印刷株式会社 防眩フィルム及び画像表示装置

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JP2010008757A (ja) 2008-06-27 2010-01-14 Konica Minolta Opto Inc 防眩性反射防止フィルム、偏光板及び画像表示装置
JP2020122926A (ja) 2019-01-31 2020-08-13 Jnc株式会社 防眩性反射防止ハードコートフィルム、画像表示装置、および防眩性反射防止ハードコートフィルムの製造方法

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WO2008084604A1 (ja) * 2007-01-12 2008-07-17 Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. 反射防止フィルム、反射防止フィルムの製造方法、偏光板及び表示装置
JP2010143784A (ja) * 2008-12-18 2010-07-01 Adeka Corp 分鎖状シリカ粒子よりなるシリカゾル及びその製造方法
WO2015004811A1 (ja) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 株式会社日立製作所 有機ｅｌ素子及びそれを用いた有機ｅｌ照明装置
WO2015198762A1 (ja) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-30 コニカミノルタ株式会社 光学反射フィルム、光学反射フィルムの製造方法、およびそれを用いる光学反射体
WO2016002434A1 (ja) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-07 富士フイルム株式会社 液晶表示装置
JP2016137611A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 東レフィルム加工株式会社 透明積層フィルムおよびその製造方法
JP2023009185A (ja) * 2020-05-15 2023-01-19 大日本印刷株式会社 防眩フィルム及び画像表示装置

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