WO2024098917A1 - Integral forming method for axial special-shaped ring forging - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rolling processes, and discloses an integral forming method for an axial special-shaped ring forging. The integral forming method comprises the following specific steps: S1, heating for forging; S2, forging in multiple directions; S3, punching an upsetting cake; S4, heating for pre-rolling; S5 pre-rolling; and S6, axially rolling a special-shaped ring: putting same into intermediate rigid molds (I3-1, II3-2) a ring blank (5) obtained by heating, wherein the intermediate rigid molds (I3-1, II3-2) are special-shaped molds provided with axial grooves (4), the intermediate rigid molds (I3-1, II3-2) are in cooperation with core rollers (2, 6) and a straight-wall main roller (1), and final rolling is performed to obtain the axial special-shaped ring forging. By introducing the intermediate rigid molds, the near-net forming production and manufacturing of the axial special-shaped ring forging are achieved, and a machining allowance is reduced, so that the allowance of a product is optimized, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the raw materials, and reducing raw material costs and machining costs.

Description

A method for integrally forming an axial special-shaped ring forging Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling technology, and in particular relates to an integral forming method of an axial special-shaped ring forging.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the aerospace industry, modern defense industry and transportation industry at home and abroad, the demand for ring forgings for spacecraft and aero-engines is growing. As the ring rolling technology becomes more and more mature, the design of rings becomes more and more refined, and the near-net-shape design and manufacturing application of special-shaped ring forgings are becoming more and more extensive. The cross-section of the special-shaped ring forging is closer to the shape of the part, which can greatly reduce the machining allowance, thereby reducing the damage to the forging streamline of the ring by machining, saving a lot of precious metal materials and improving material utilization.

However, no manufacturer at home or abroad can achieve the integral forming of special-shaped ring forgings with axial stringers on the outer diameter. The main production process of this type of product is: first use straight wall rolled rings to turn the inner hole with end frame flange, and then machine the outer diameter by milling to achieve axial special shape of the outer diameter. However, this production process has extremely low material utilization, the streamline of the forging is destroyed, the process is complicated, and the overall cost is high.

In addition, the existing patent CN102085549B discloses a forming method for processing the outer circumferential surface of a high barrel forging using a follower sleeve die. However, in this patent, the annular groove on the inner ring surface of the follower sleeve die is along the annular direction, so only special-shaped rolling in the annular direction can be achieved. Since the characteristic of ring rolling forming is the continuous deformation of the metal along the circumferential direction, the existing special-shaped ring forgings all achieve annular special-shaped shapes, and the special-shaped shapes are evenly distributed along the circumference, that is, the shapes of each axial section position must be consistent. And with the development of ring rolling equipment, even if this method is not used, the production of such annular special-shaped ring forgings can be achieved. However, there has been no report on the integral forming of axial special-shaped ring forgings at home and abroad.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses an integral forming method for an axial special-shaped ring forging, which realizes the near-net-shape production and manufacturing of the axial special-shaped ring forging by introducing an intermediate rigid die with an axial groove.

The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

An integral forming method for an axial special-shaped ring forging, the specific steps are as follows:

S1 forging heating, heating the billet to 440℃-480℃, keeping it warm for 18-20h, and then taking it out of the furnace;

S2 multi-directional forging, using a press to forge the billet in multiple directions, improving the organizational properties of the billet and obtaining a cylindrical billet;

S3 upsetting punching, the cylindrical blank is subjected to axial upsetting deformation, and after reaching a predetermined height, a cylindrical punch is used to punch a hole in the cylindrical blank to obtain a ring-shaped blank with a hole;

S4 pre-rolling and heating, heating the perforated annular blank obtained in step S3 to 440° C. to 480° C., keeping the temperature for 9 to 12 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace;

S5 pre-rolling, pre-rolling the ring-shaped blank with holes, and pre-rolling the blank into a ring-shaped blank with a rectangular axial cross section;

S6 axial profiled ring rolling, first heat the ring blank to 440℃～480℃, keep it warm for 9～12h and then take it out of the furnace, then place the heated ring blank in the intermediate rigid mold, wherein the intermediate rigid mold is a profiled mold with axial grooves, and the intermediate rigid mold is used in conjunction with the core roll and the straight wall main roll for final rolling to obtain the axial profiled ring forging, wherein the specific cooperation rolling method of the intermediate rigid mold with the core roll and the straight wall main roll is as follows:

The straight-wall main roller is controlled to rotate in the forward direction, and the intermediate rigid mold is driven by the straight-wall main roller to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the intermediate rigid mold drives the annular blank to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the core roller is controlled to feed radially toward the straight-wall main roller, and the outer diameter of the holding roller is in contact with the outer diameter of the intermediate rigid mold. When the outer diameter of the annular blank is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold, the annular blank and the intermediate rigid mold move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are kept consistent. The straight-wall main roller is continued to be controlled to rotate in the forward direction, and the core roller is fed radially toward the straight-wall main roller.

Preferably, the core roller is a straight-wall core roller or a special-shaped core roller.

Preferably, one end or both ends of the special-shaped core roller are provided with a flange step for performing inner hole special-shaped ring rolling on the annular blank and forming an inner end frame flange on the inner wall surface of the annular blank.

Preferably, the process of using a special-shaped core roller to roll the inner hole special-shaped ring is located between step S5 pre-rolling and step S6 axial special-shaped ring heating, and the specific steps are as follows:

The ring blank obtained by pre-rolling in step S5 is first heated to 440°C to 480°C, kept warm for 9 to 12 hours and then taken out of the furnace. Subsequently, a special-shaped core roller and a straight-walled main roller are used to perform inner hole special-shaped ring rolling on the heated ring blank to obtain a ring blank with a special-shaped inner hole.

Preferably, the specific steps of S2 are as follows: using a press to perform upsetting, stretching, and then upsetting in the Z-axis direction, stretching, upsetting in the Y-axis direction, and stretching, upsetting in the X-axis direction, and finally stretching along the Z-axis direction, and the deformation of each pass is controlled to be 45% to 55%, and the forging pressing speed of the press is controlled to be 10 to 50 mm/s.

Preferably, the specific steps of S3 are as follows:

S3-1: Upsetting and rolling are performed along the Z-axis direction of the cylindrical blank, and the deformation is controlled to be 45% to 55%;

S3-2: Punching the roughened blank into a ring-shaped blank of a preset size.

Preferably, in S5, the pre-rolling deformation is controlled to be 45% to 60%, the rotation speed of the straight-wall main roller is 1.5-1.7 rad/s, the rolling ring speed is controlled to be 8 to 12 mm/s, and the pre-rolled billet is made into a ring billet with a rectangular cross-section.

Preferably, in step b, the deformation of the inner hole special-shaped rolled ring is controlled at 25% to 40%, the rotation speed of the straight wall main roller is 1.2-1.5 rad/s, and the speed increase of the rolled ring is controlled at 5 to 8 mm/s.

Preferably, in S6, the intermediate rigid mold is an annular mold, and the inner wall surface of the annular mold is circumferentially provided with at least one axial groove arranged axially, and the axial groove is arranged to match the axial stringer of the target ring forging.

Preferably, in S6, the specific ring rolling steps are as follows:

S6-1: Preheat the middle rigid mold to 350-400℃ and place it on the working plane of the ring machine;

S6-2: placing the heated annular blank in the middle rigid mold, wherein the outer diameter of the annular blank is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle rigid mold;

S6-3: The core roller is passed through the inner hole of the ring blank, and the intermediate rigid die and the ring blank are used as a whole for ring rolling;

S6-4: Control the straight wall main roller to rotate forward, and the straight wall main roller drives the middle rigid mold to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the middle rigid mold drives the ring blank to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, control the core roller to feed radially toward the straight wall main roller. The outer diameter of the holding roller and the middle rigid mold are in contact. When the deformation of the ring blank reaches 5-8%, the outer diameter of the ring blank fits the inner hole of the middle rigid mold. Among them, the speed of the straight wall main roller is 1.2-1.5rad/s, the speed increase of the rolling ring is 2-5mm/s, and the feeding speed of the core roller is 0.5-0.8mm/s;

S6-5: When the outer diameter of the ring blank is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold, the ring blank and the intermediate rigid mold move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are kept consistent. The straight-wall main roller continues to be controlled to rotate in the positive direction, and the core roller feeds radially toward the straight-wall main roller. The straight-wall main roller rotates at a speed of 0.8-1.2 rad/s, the rolling ring acceleration is 0.5-1 mm/s, and the core roller feed speed is 0.3-0.6 mm/s.

Beneficial effects: The present invention discloses an integral forming method for an axial special-shaped ring forging, which has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention realizes the near-net-shape production and manufacturing of axial special-shaped ring forgings by introducing an intermediate rigid die, reduces milling allowance, improves raw material utilization, retains forging streamlines, and reduces raw material costs and machining costs.

(2) The axial special-shaped ring forgings produced by the method of the present invention can realize uneven distribution of special shapes along the circumference, and the shapes of various axial section positions can be inconsistent, which is suitable for the forming of various types of axial special-shaped ring forgings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a target ring forging of Example 1;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a target ring forging of Example 1;

FIG3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a target ring forging of Example 1;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram 1 of a special-shaped inner hole rolled ring in step 6 of Example 1;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram 2 of a special-shaped inner hole rolled ring in step 6 of Example 1;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram 1 of a ring blank with a special-shaped inner hole in step 6 of Example 1;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram 2 of a ring blank with a special-shaped inner hole in step 6 of Example 1;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram 1 of the ring billet rolling process in step 7-4 of Example 1;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram 2 of the ring billet rolling process in step 7-4 of Example 1;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram 1 of the ring billet rolling process in step 7-5 of Example 1;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram 2 of the ring billet rolling process in step 7-5 of Example 1;

FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a target ring forging of Example 2;

FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a target ring forging of Example 2;

FIG14 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a target ring forging of Example 2;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram 1 of the ring billet rolling in step 6 of Example 2;

FIG16 is a schematic diagram 2 of the ring billet rolling in step 6 of Example 2;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram 1 of the ring billet rolling process in step 6-5 of Example 2;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram 2 of the ring billet rolling process in step 6-5 of Example 2;

In the figure: straight-wall main roller 1, special-shaped core roller 2, flange step 2-1, intermediate rigid mold I3-1, intermediate rigid mold II3-2, axial groove 4, annular blank 5, straight-wall core roller 6.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-3, this is an axial special-shaped ring forging of the upper and lower inner end frame flanges of the outer axial truss. The specific forming steps are as follows:

Step 1 Forging heating: put 660kg of aluminum alloy bars (Φ500×1200) ≤400℃ into the furnace, heat to 460℃ and keep warm for 18h before taking out of the furnace.

Step 2: Multi-directional forging: Use a press to perform multi-directional forging on the billet to improve the organizational properties of the billet and obtain a cylindrical billet. The specific steps are as follows:

First, the billet (aluminum alloy bar) is upset to 620×620×610 (Z-axial deformation 49.2%) along the Z-axis direction, drawn to 420×420×1350 (Z-axial deformation 54.8%), upset to 620×620×610 (Z-axial deformation 54.8%), then drawn to 420×1350×420 (Y-axial deformation 54.1%) along the Y-axis direction of the billet, upset to 620×610×620 (Y-axial deformation 54.8%), then drawn to 1350×420×420 (X-axial deformation 54.1%) along the X-axis direction of the billet, upset to 610×620×620 (X-axial deformation 54.8%), and finally drawn to 420×420×1350 (Z-axial deformation 54.1%). In this embodiment, the forging speed of the press machine is controlled to be 30 mm/s. In the present invention, the unit of dimensions in all embodiments is mm.

Step 3: Punching the upsetting cake: Upset and round the cylindrical blank along the Z-axis direction until the size reaches Φ640×730 (Z-axial deformation is 45.9%), and then use a cylindrical punch to punch the cylindrical blank with an inner hole size of Φ250, thereby obtaining a perforated ring blank with a size of Φ665 (outer diameter) × Φ250 (inner diameter) × 730.

Step 4: Pre-rolling heating: Heat the perforated annular blank to 460°C, keep it warm for 11 hours, and then take it out of the furnace.

Step 5: Pre-rolling: Pre-roll the perforated ring blank on a horizontal ring rolling machine to a ring blank 5 with a rectangular axial cross section, until the size is Φ1010 (outer diameter) × Φ800 (inner diameter) × 730 (wall thickness deformation is 49.3%), wherein the speed of the straight wall main roller 1 is controlled to be 1.5 rad/s, and the speed increase of the rolling ring is 10 mm/s;

Step 6 Inner hole special-shaped ring rolling: heat the ring blank 5 to 460℃, keep it warm for 11h and then take it out of the furnace; as shown in Figures 4 and 5, use the special-shaped core roller 2 and the straight-walled main roller 1 to perform inner hole special-shaped ring rolling on the heated ring blank 5, and obtain the ring blank 5 with upper and lower inner end frame flanges as shown in Figures 6 and 7 (the deformation amount is 28.6%). In this embodiment 1, flange steps 2-1 are provided at both ends of the special-shaped core roller 2 as shown in Figure 4, the roller surface of the special-shaped core roller 2 is in contact with the inner hole wall surface of the ring blank 5, and the straight-walled main roller 1 is in contact with the outer wall surface of the ring blank 5, and the rotation speed of the straight-walled main roller 1 is controlled to be 1.4rad/s and the ring rolling speed is 6mm/s.

Step 7 Axial profiled ring rolling: heat the ring blank 5 to 460°C, keep it warm for 10 hours and then take it out of the furnace; place the ring blank 5 in the intermediate rigid mold I3-1, and use the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 in conjunction with the profiled core roller 2 and the straight wall main roller 1 to perform final rolling, thus obtaining the outer axial stringer inner end frame flange profiled ring forging as shown in Figures 1 to 3. The final rolling steps of this embodiment 1 are as follows:

Step 7-1: Preheat the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 to 350°C and place it on the working plane of the ring machine;

Step 7-2: placing the heated annular blank 5 in the intermediate rigid mold I3-1, wherein the outer diameter of the annular blank 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold I3-1;

Step 7-3: Pass the special-shaped core roller 2 through the inner hole of the ring blank 5, and use the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 and the ring blank 5 as a whole to perform ring rolling;

Step 7-4: Control the straight wall main roller 1 to rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise rotation is positive rotation in this embodiment), and the straight wall main roller 1 drives the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 to rotate clockwise, and the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 drives the annular blank 5 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time, the special-shaped core roller 2 is controlled to feed radially toward the straight wall main roller 1, and the outer diameter of the holding roller and the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 are in contact. When the deformation of the annular blank 5 reaches 6.0%, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the outer diameter of the annular blank 5 fits the inner hole of the intermediate rigid mold I3-1. Among them, the rotation speed of the straight wall main roller 1 is 1.3rad/s, the rolling ring speed is 3mm/s, and the feeding speed of the special-shaped core roller 2 is 0.8mm/s.

Step 7-5: When the outer diameter of the ring blank 5 is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold I3-1, the ring blank 5 and the intermediate rigid mold I3-1 move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are consistent, as shown in Figures 10 and 11. Continue to control the straight-wall main roller 1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the special-shaped core roller 2 to feed radially toward the straight-wall main roller 1, so as to form the outer axial stringer in the axial groove 4 of the intermediate rigid mold I3-1, and finally obtain the target ring forging as shown in Figures 1-3, wherein the rotation speed of the straight-wall main roller 1 is 1rad/s, the rolling ring acceleration is 0.6mm/s, and the feed speed of the special-shaped core roller 2 is 0.4mm/s.

Take the outer axial truss upper and lower inner end frame flange special-shaped ring forgings prepared in Example 1, randomly take 3 parallel specimens in the chord direction of the forging, and test the forging performance. The test results are as follows:

Table 1 Performance test results of ring forgings in Example 1

	R m (MPa)	R p0.2 (MPa)	A (%)	Hardness (HB)
skills requirement	≥420	≥350	4.5～16	≥120
1	483	402	14.52	151
2	480	399	15.40	152
3	495	416	14.20	151

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 , an axial stringer special-shaped ring forging is shown, and the specific forming steps are as follows:

Step 1 Forging heating: put 1520kg aluminum alloy bar (Φ650×1635) ≤400℃ into the furnace, heat it to 460℃ and keep it for 18h before taking it out of the furnace;

Step 2: Multi-directional forging: Use a press to perform multi-directional forging on the blank 5 to improve the organizational properties of the blank and obtain a cylindrical blank. The specific steps are as follows:

First, the billet (aluminum alloy bar) is upset to 825×825×800 (Z-axial deformation is 51.1%) along the Z-axis direction, drawn to 580×580×1600 (Z-axial deformation is 50%), upset to 825×825×800 (Z-axial deformation is 50%), and then drawn to 580×1600×580 (Y-axial deformation is 48.4%) along the Y-axis direction of the billet, upset to 825×800×825 (Y-axial deformation is 50%), and then drawn to 1600×580×580 (X-axial deformation is 48.4%) along the X-axis direction of the billet, upset to 800×825×825 (X-axial deformation is 50%), and then drawn to 580×580×1600 (Z-axial deformation is 48.4%) along the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the forging pressing speed of the press is controlled to be 30 mm/s.

Step 3: Punching holes in the upsetting cake: Upset and round the cylindrical blank along the Z-axis direction until the size reaches Φ930×800 (Z-axial deformation is 50%), and then use a cylindrical punch to punch the cylindrical blank with an inner hole size of Φ300, thereby obtaining a perforated ring blank with a size of Φ955 (outer diameter) × Φ300 (inner diameter) × 800.

Step 4 Pre-rolling heating: Heat the perforated ring billet to 460°C, keep it warm for 11 hours, and then take it out of the furnace.

Step 5: Pre-rolling: The perforated ring blank is pre-rolled on a horizontal ring rolling machine to obtain a ring blank 5 with a rectangular axial cross-section and dimensions of Φ1350 (outer diameter) × Φ1000 (inner diameter) × 800 (wall thickness deformation 46.6%). The speed of the straight wall main roller is controlled to be 1.6 rad/s, and the speed increase of the rolling ring is 12 mm/s.

Step 6 Axial profiled ring rolling: heat the ring blank 5 to 450°C, keep it warm for 11 hours and then take it out of the furnace. Place the ring blank 5 in the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 as shown in Figures 15 and 16. The intermediate rigid mold II3-2 is used in conjunction with the straight-wall core roller 6 and the straight-wall main roller 1 to perform final rolling to obtain the outer axial stringer profiled ring forging as shown in Figures 12-14. The final rolling steps of this embodiment are as follows:

Step 6-1: Preheat the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 to 350°C and place it on the working plane of the ring machine;

Step 6-2: placing the heated annular blank 5 in the intermediate rigid mold II3-2, at which point the outer diameter of the annular blank 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold II3-2, as shown in FIGS. 15-16;

Step 6-3: Pass the straight-wall core roller 6 through the inner hole of the ring blank 5, and use the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 and the ring blank 5 as a whole to perform ring rolling;

Step 6-4: Control the straight-wall main roller 1 to rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise rotation is positive rotation in this embodiment), and the straight-wall main roller 1 drives the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 to rotate clockwise, and the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 drives the annular blank 5 to rotate clockwise. At the same time, the straight-wall core roller 6 is controlled to feed radially toward the straight-wall main roller 1, and the outer diameter of the holding roller and the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 are in contact. When the deformation of the annular blank 5 reaches 5.7%, the outer diameter of the annular blank 5 fits with the inner hole of the intermediate rigid mold II3-2, wherein the rotation speed of the straight-wall main roller 1 is 1.2 rad/s, the rolling ring speed increase is 2.5 mm/s, and the feed speed of the straight-wall core roller 6 is 0.5 mm/s.

Step 6-5: When the outer diameter of the ring blank 5 is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold II3-2, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the ring blank 5 and the intermediate rigid mold II3-2 move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are kept consistent. The straight-wall main roller 1 continues to be controlled to rotate counterclockwise, and the straight-wall core roller 6 feeds radially toward the straight-wall main roller 1, thereby forming an outer axial beam in the axial groove 4 of the intermediate rigid mold II3-2, and finally obtaining the target ring forging as shown in Figures 12-14, wherein the rotation speed of the straight-wall main roller 1 is controlled to be 0.9rad/s, the rolling ring acceleration is 0.8mm/s, and the feed speed of the straight-wall core roller 6 is 0.3mm/s.

Take the outer axial stringer ring forging manufactured in Example 2, randomly take 3 parallel specimens in the chord direction of the forging, and test the forging performance. The test results are as follows:

Table 2 Performance test results of ring forgings in Example 2

	R m (MPa)	R p0.2 (MPa)	A (%)	Hardness (HB)
skills requirement	≥420	≥350	4.5～16	≥120
1	491	403	12.76	154
2	486	398	14.04	155
3	488	399	13.64	155

In the present invention, the axial special-shaped forming mechanism of the axial special-shaped ring forging is as follows:

(1) The ring blank is rolled using an intermediate rigid die in cooperation with a core roller and a straight-wall main roller so that the outer diameter of the ring blank fits the intermediate rigid die;

(2) Continue to control the rotation of the straight-wall main roller, while reducing the feed speed of the core roller to continue rolling. At this time, due to the constraint of the middle rigid die, the outer diameter of the special-shaped ring forging no longer increases, the inner diameter of the special-shaped ring forging gradually increases, and the wall thickness decreases. According to the principle of constant volume, the outer diameter material of the ring blank will gradually fill the axial groove of the middle rigid die, and then form the outer axial stringer on the outer circle of the ring blank.

In the present invention, the axial groove of the intermediate rigid mold can be set but is not limited to the structure of the intermediate rigid mold in the above embodiment. It can be designed according to the outer axial special-shaped structure of the actual axial special-shaped ring forging, and is suitable for the forming of various types of outer axial truss ring forgings.

In the present invention, the special-shaped structure of the special-shaped core roller matches the special-shaped structure of the inner hole of the target ring forging.

The integral forming method of the axial special-shaped ring forging of the present invention can be applied to various ring forgings of high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, stainless steel, steel, etc. At the same time, the outer axial shape of the present invention can be any continuous or discontinuous shape such as round, square, triangle, etc., which can be realized by this method.

This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for integrally forming an axial special-shaped ring forging, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows:

   S1 forging heating, heating the billet to 440℃-480℃, keeping it warm for 18-20h, and then taking it out of the furnace;

   S2 multi-directional forging, using a press to forge the billet in multiple directions, improving the organizational properties of the billet and obtaining a cylindrical billet;

   S3 upsetting punching, the cylindrical blank is subjected to axial upsetting deformation, and after reaching a predetermined height, a cylindrical punch is used to punch a hole in the cylindrical blank to obtain a ring-shaped blank with a hole;

   S4 pre-rolling and heating, heating the perforated annular blank obtained in step S3 to 440° C. to 480° C., keeping the temperature for 9 to 12 hours, and then taking it out of the furnace;

   S5 pre-rolling, pre-rolling the ring-shaped blank with holes, and pre-rolling the blank into a ring-shaped blank with a rectangular axial cross section;

   S6 axial profiled ring rolling, first heat the ring blank to 440℃～480℃, keep it warm for 9～12h and then take it out of the furnace, then place the heated ring blank in the intermediate rigid mold, wherein the intermediate rigid mold is a profiled mold with axial grooves, and the intermediate rigid mold is used in conjunction with the core roll and the straight wall main roll for final rolling to obtain the axial profiled ring forging, wherein the specific cooperation rolling method of the intermediate rigid mold with the core roll and the straight wall main roll is as follows:

   The straight-wall main roller is controlled to rotate in the forward direction, and the intermediate rigid mold is driven by the straight-wall main roller to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the intermediate rigid mold drives the annular blank to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the core roller is controlled to feed in the radial direction toward the straight-wall main roller, and the outer diameter of the holding roller and the intermediate rigid mold are in contact. When the outer diameter of the annular blank is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold, the annular blank and the intermediate rigid mold move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are kept consistent. The straight-wall main roller is continued to be controlled to rotate in the forward direction, and the core roller is fed in the radial direction toward the straight-wall main roller.

   The specific ring rolling steps are as follows:

   S6-1: Preheat the middle rigid mold to 350-400℃ and place it on the working plane of the ring machine;

   S6-2: placing the heated annular blank in the middle rigid mold, wherein the outer diameter of the annular blank is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle rigid mold;

   S6-3: passing the core roller through the inner hole of the ring blank, and the intermediate rigid die and the ring blank are used as a whole to perform ring rolling;

   S6-4: Control the straight wall main roller to rotate forward, and the straight wall main roller drives the middle rigid mold to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the middle rigid mold drives the ring blank to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, control the core roller to feed radially toward the straight wall main roller. The outer diameter of the holding roller and the middle rigid mold are in contact. When the deformation of the ring blank reaches 5-8%, the outer diameter of the ring blank fits the inner hole of the middle rigid mold. Among them, the speed of the straight wall main roller is 1.2-1.5rad/s, the speed increase of the rolling ring is 2-5mm/s, and the feeding speed of the core roller is 0.5-0.8mm/s;

   S6-5: When the outer diameter of the ring blank is completely fitted with the inner diameter of the intermediate rigid mold, the ring blank and the intermediate rigid mold move synchronously, and the angular velocity and linear velocity of the two are kept consistent. The straight-wall main roller continues to be controlled to rotate in the positive direction, and the core roller feeds radially toward the straight-wall main roller. The straight-wall main roller rotates at a speed of 0.8-1.2 rad/s, the rolling ring acceleration is 0.5-1 mm/s, and the core roller feed speed is 0.3-0.6 mm/s.
2. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that the core roller is a straight-wall core roller or a special-shaped core roller.
3. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a flange step is provided at one end or both ends of the special-shaped core roller, which is used to perform inner hole special-shaped ring rolling on the ring blank and form an inner end frame flange on the inner wall surface of the ring blank.
4. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forging according to any one of claims 2-3 is characterized in that: the process of using a special-shaped core roller to roll the inner hole special-shaped ring is located between step S5 pre-rolling and step S6 axial special-shaped rolled ring heating, and the specific steps are as follows:

   The ring blank obtained by pre-rolling in step S5 is first heated to 440°C to 480°C, kept warm for 9 to 12 hours and then taken out of the furnace. Subsequently, a special-shaped core roller and a straight-walled main roller are used to perform inner hole special-shaped ring rolling on the heated ring blank to obtain a ring blank with a special-shaped inner hole.
5. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that the specific steps of S2 are as follows: a press is used to sequentially perform upsetting, stretching, and upsetting on the blank in the Z-axis direction, stretching, upsetting in the Y-axis direction, and stretching, upsetting in the X-axis direction, and finally stretching along the Z-axis direction, and the deformation amount of each pass is controlled to be 45% to 55%, and the forging pressing speed of the press is controlled to be 10 to 50 mm/s.
6. The method for integrally forming an axial special-shaped ring forging according to claim 1 is characterized in that the specific steps of S3 are as follows:

   S3-1: Upsetting and rolling are performed along the Z-axis direction of the cylindrical blank, and the deformation is controlled to be 45% to 55%;

   S3-2: Punching the roughened blank into a ring-shaped blank of a preset size.
7. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in S5, the pre-rolling deformation is controlled to 45% to 60%, the straight wall main roller speed is 1.5-1.7 rad/s, the rolling ring speed increase is controlled to 8 to 12 mm/s, and the pre-rolled billet is a ring billet with a rectangular cross-section.
8. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 4 is characterized in that the deformation of the inner hole special-shaped rolled ring is controlled at 25% to 40%, the rotation speed of the straight wall main roller is 1.2-1.5 rad/s, and the rolling ring speed is controlled at 5 to 8 mm/s.
9. The integral forming method of axial special-shaped ring forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in S6, the intermediate rigid mold is an annular mold, and the inner wall surface of the annular mold has at least one axially arranged axial groove distributed along the circumferential direction, and the axial groove is matched with the axial stringer of the target ring forging.