WO2024093817A1 - 一种刹车控制方法、控制装置及计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

一种刹车控制方法、控制装置及计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024093817A1
WO2024093817A1 PCT/CN2023/127039 CN2023127039W WO2024093817A1 WO 2024093817 A1 WO2024093817 A1 WO 2024093817A1 CN 2023127039 W CN2023127039 W CN 2023127039W WO 2024093817 A1 WO2024093817 A1 WO 2024093817A1
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voltage value
bus voltage
braking
value
voltage
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PCT/CN2023/127039
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘敏明
陈佳伟
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江苏东成工具科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024093817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024093817A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/24—Arrangements for stopping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric tools, and more specifically, to a brake control method, a control device and a computer-readable medium.
  • the direct braking method In handheld power tools such as electric wrenches and electric circular saws, when stopping, the direct braking method is used, which will cause the brushless motor to instantly generate a huge braking torque, resulting in a large reaction force of the tool, making the user feel poor and noisy; the slow braking method will reduce the reaction force and the noise of the tool, but the repeated on and off of the switch tube will cause current backflow and cause excessive voltage, thereby damaging the MOS tube and affecting the service life of the power tool.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a brushless DC motor braking device and method to solve the problem of voltage increase during braking, which may cause damage to electronic components, while avoiding the problems of excessive braking torque, unstable braking transition, and poor user feel.
  • a brake control method comprising the following steps:
  • S5 Determine the magnitude relationship between the estimated bus voltage value and the preset value. When the estimated bus voltage value is greater than the preset value, stop slow braking. When the estimated bus voltage value is less than the preset value, continue slow braking.
  • a further improvement is as follows: when performing a slow braking operation, the PWM duty cycle of the upper three tubes is 0, and the lower three tubes perform slow braking with a modulation signal with an initial duty cycle and a gradually increasing duty cycle.
  • a further improvement is that the initial duty cycle is 5%-50%, and during slow braking, the duty cycle is always less than 100%.
  • Utotal ( R6 + R12 )/ R12 ⁇ Uad
  • Uad is the voltage value across R12
  • R6 is a voltage dividing resistor
  • the voltage change rate is a slope
  • a further improvement scheme is: when the estimated bus voltage value is greater than the preset value, a PWM modulation signal with a PWM duty cycle of 0 for the upper three tubes and a PWM duty cycle of 0 for the lower three tubes is output.
  • a further improved solution is: a brake control device, characterized in that the brake control device comprises:
  • Voltage acquisition module used to collect the voltage value of the voltage-dividing resistor R12 ;
  • the first calculation module is used to calculate the first bus voltage value according to the voltage value of the voltage dividing resistor R12 ;
  • Detection module used to detect the change of bus voltage within the first time and calculate the voltage change rate
  • the second calculation module is used to calculate the estimated bus voltage value
  • Judgment module used to judge the size relationship between the estimated bus voltage value and the preset value. When the estimated bus voltage value is greater than the preset value, stop braking; when the estimated bus voltage value is less than the preset value, continue braking.
  • a further improved solution is: a brake control device, characterized in that the brake control device comprises:
  • Voltage acquisition circuit used to collect the voltage value of the voltage-dividing resistor R12 ;
  • MCU used to calculate the first bus voltage value according to the voltage value of the voltage-dividing resistor R12 ; detect the change of the bus voltage within the first time and calculate the voltage change rate; calculate the estimated bus voltage value; determine the relationship between the estimated bus voltage value and the preset value, when the estimated bus voltage value is greater than the preset value, stop the slow braking, when the estimated bus voltage value is less than the preset value, continue the slow braking.
  • a further improved solution is: a mode control device, the control device includes a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor.
  • a further improved solution is: a computer-readable medium having a non-volatile program code executable by a processor.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when a brake signal is detected, the MOS tube brakes with an initial duty cycle of 5%-50%, the duty cycle gradually increases at a fixed slope and the duty cycle is always maintained below 100% of the modulation signal, the detection module detects the voltage value of the voltage divider resistor in real time and sends the value to the calculation module to calculate and estimate the bus voltage value of the next time period, when the estimated bus voltage value is higher than the preset value stored inside the power tool, the duty cycles of the six MOS tubes are all 0, and braking stops until the estimated bus voltage value is lower than the preset value, and the power tool starts braking again.
  • This method can prevent the MOS tube from being damaged due to excessive voltage and extend the service life of the power tool. It can also avoid excessive braking torque, make the braking process smooth, and improve the user's feel.
  • FIG1 is a circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor braking system according to the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a module diagram of a brushless DC motor braking system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of bus voltage and PWM modulation signal waveforms of the brushless DC motor braking system of the present invention during braking;
  • FIG4 is a flow chart of a brushless DC motor braking system according to the present invention.
  • Power module 2. Voltage sampling module, 3. Motor drive module, 4. Motor, 5. MCU
  • the braking method and device described in the present invention are suitable for intelligent equipment such as electric tools/electric equipment, wherein the electric tools/electric equipment can be garden tools, handheld tools, or other automated equipment with a slow braking function; as long as the above-mentioned equipment/tools can adopt the essential content of the technical solution disclosed below, they can fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • a brushless DC motor brake device includes a power module 1, a voltage sampling module 2, a brushless DC motor 4, an MCU 5 and a motor drive circuit 3.
  • the power module is electrically connected to the motor drive circuit, and the motor drive module is electrically connected to the brushless DC motor to control the operation of the brushless DC motor;
  • the voltage sampling module is electrically connected to the MCU to transmit the collected voltage value of the voltage divider resistor to the MCU;
  • the MCU includes an information processing module and a PWM control module (as shown in FIG. 2), and the information processing module is used to calculate the bus voltage value by the received voltage divider resistor value, and calculate the bus voltage change within a period of time.
  • the rate i.e.
  • the slope calculates the change value of the bus voltage in the next time period according to the slope, and determines the estimated bus voltage value according to the change value; the MCU stores preset values, i.e. the bus high threshold and the bus low threshold.
  • the PWM control module controls the output of the PWM modulation signal with the duty cycle of the upper three tubes being 0 and the duty cycle of the lower three tubes being 0, and the braking is suspended.
  • the PWM control module controls the output of the upper three tubes being 0 and the lower three tubes being at the initial duty cycle and the initial duty cycle slowly increasing at a fixed slope, and the braking continues until the machine stops.
  • the high threshold is the withstand voltage value of the bus voltage. Once the withstand voltage value is exceeded, it is easy to cause damage to the MOS tube and the circuit, affecting the service life of the power tool; the low threshold is the minimum threshold to ensure the braking efficiency when the brushless DC motor brakes. If it is lower than this threshold, it is easy to cause the braking time to be extended, the braking efficiency to be reduced, and the operating experience to be affected.
  • the high threshold reference value is 30V
  • the low threshold reference value is 25V
  • the initial duty cycle is 5%-50%, preferably 50%.
  • the voltage sampling module transmits the collected voltage value to the information processing module.
  • the information processing module is used to calculate the bus voltage value by the received voltage-dividing resistance value, and calculate the bus voltage change rate within a period of time, that is, the slope, and calculate the change value of the bus voltage in the next time period according to the slope.
  • the estimated bus voltage value is determined according to the change value.
  • the PWM control module in the MCU controls the output of a modulation signal with a duty cycle of 0 for both the upper and lower switch tubes, controls the brake to stop, and continues to detect until the estimated bus voltage value reaches the low threshold, that is, 25V, the PWM control module controls the output of the upper three tubes to be 0, and the lower three tubes to have an initial duty cycle of 50% and a modulation signal with a duty cycle gradually increasing at a fixed slope, and the duty cycle is always lower than 100%.
  • the high threshold is the withstand voltage value of the bus voltage. Once the withstand voltage value is exceeded, it is easy to cause damage to the MOS tube and the circuit, affecting the service life of the power tool; the low threshold is the minimum threshold to ensure the braking efficiency when the brushless DC motor brakes. If it is lower than this threshold, it is easy to cause the braking time to be extended, the braking efficiency to be reduced, and the operating experience to be affected.
  • the present invention also provides a brake control device, by which the above method is implemented, and the brake control device can implement all the above methods;
  • the high threshold is the withstand voltage value of the bus voltage. Once the withstand voltage value is exceeded, it is easy to cause damage to the MOS tube and the circuit, affecting the service life of the power tool; the low threshold is the minimum threshold to ensure the braking efficiency when the brushless DC motor brakes. If it is lower than this threshold, it is easy to cause the braking time to be extended, the braking efficiency to be reduced, and the operating experience to be affected.
  • the present invention also provides a brake control device, by which the above method is implemented, and the brake control device can implement all the above methods;
  • the high threshold is the withstand voltage value of the bus voltage. Once the withstand voltage value is exceeded, it is easy to cause damage to the MOS tube and the circuit, affecting the service life of the power tool; the low threshold is the minimum threshold to ensure the braking efficiency when the brushless DC motor brakes.
  • the threshold value can easily lead to prolonged braking time, reduced braking efficiency, and affect the operating experience.
  • the present invention also provides a mode brake control device, the control device comprises a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor; the controller is used to execute the computer program to implement the brake control method.
  • the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium having a non-volatile program code executable by a processor, wherein the program code enables the processor to execute the brake control method.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种刹车控制方法、控制装置及计算机可读介质，所述控制方法包括以下步骤：采集分压电阻R12的电压值；通过分压电阻R12的电压值计算得出第一母线电压值；通过MCU检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压平均变化率；根据电压平均变化率估算第二时间内的第二母线电压值，第二母线电压值为预估母线电压值；判断预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，当预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。本发明通过缓刹时，预估母线电压值的方式，提前制动或者停止制动，解决了缓刹时电压升高，电子元件损坏的问题，也避免了直刹动力矩过大，刹车过渡不平稳，用户体验差的问题。

Description

一种刹车控制方法、控制装置及计算机可读介质 【技术领域】
本发明涉及电动工具领域，更具体的，涉及刹车控制方法、控制装置及计算机可读介质。
【背景技术】
在诸如电动扳手、电圆锯等手持式电动工具中，停机时，采用直接刹车的制动方式，会使无刷电机瞬时产生极大地制动力矩，会导致工具的反作用力大，使用户使用手感差，并且噪音也大；采用缓刹的制动方式，会减小反作用力且工具的噪音也会减小，但是反复的通断开关管，会出现电流倒灌而导致电压过高，从而损伤MOS管，影响电动工具的使用寿命。
请参阅于2021年6月1日公告的中国实用新型专利第CN213342062U号，其揭示了在开关断开时，控制所述逆变电路的至少两个上开关管或至少两个下开关管以小于百分百的第一占空比导通，进行制动，当尖峰电压检测模块检测的电压高于控制模块存储的预设值时，控制模块控制至少两个上开关管或至少两个下开关管以百分百的第二占空比导通，进行制动。其虽对前期制动产生的尖峰电压进行控制，然并未对后期制动时产生的强制动力进行控制，依旧会产生较大的噪音，也会使用户的使用感较差。
因此，有必要设计一种无刷直流电机刹车装置及方法，以解决上述问题。
【发明内容】
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种无刷直流电机刹车装置及方法，解决刹车时，电压升高，导致电子元件损坏的问题，同时避免制动力矩过大，刹车过渡不平稳，用户使用手感差的问题。
本发明解决现有技术问题可采用如下技术方案：一种刹车控制方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
S1:采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
S2:根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算得出第一母线电压值；
S3:检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；
S4:根据电压变化率估算第二时间内的第二母线电压值，第二母线电压值为预估母线电压值；
S5:判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，当预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
进一步改进方案为：当执行缓刹操作时，上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管以初始占空比并且占空比逐渐提高的调制信号进行缓刹。
进一步改进方案为：所述初始占空比为5％-50％，缓刹时，所述占空比始终小于100％。
进一步改进方案为：所述母线电压值U总的计算方法为：U总＝(R6+R12)/R12×Uad，Uad为R12两端的电压值，R6为分压电阻。
进一步改进方案为：所述电压变化率为斜率，斜率的计算方法为：K＝(U总2-U总1)÷T，K为斜率,T为R12两端的电压值从U总1变化为U总2的时间。
进一步改进方案为：所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管PWM占空比为0的PWM调制信号。
进一步改进方案为：一种刹车控制装置，其特征在于，所述刹车控制装置包括：
电压采集模块:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
第一计算模块:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值；
检测模块:用于检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；
第二计算模块:用于计算预估母线电压值；
判断模块:用于判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，当所述预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
进一步改进方案为：一种刹车控制装置，其特征在于，所述刹车控制装置包括：
电压采集电路:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
MCU:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值；检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；计算预估母线电压值；判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，当所述预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
进一步改进方案为：一种模式控制装置，所述控制装置包括存储器和处理器；所述存储器上存储有可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序。
进一步改进方案为：一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质具有处理器可执行的非易失的程序代码。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：当检测到刹车信号时，MOS管以占空比初始值为5％-50％，占空比以固定斜率逐渐增加并且占空比始终维持100％以下的调制信号进行制动，检测模块一直实时检测分压电阻的电压值并将该值送入计算模块，计算估计下一时间段的母线电压值，当预估的母线电压值高于电动工具内部存储的预设值时，六个MOS管的占空比均为0，停止制动，直至预估母线电压值低于预设值，电动工具开始再次制动。通过提前结束制动 的方式，可以防止MOS管因电压过高而损坏，延长电动工具的使用寿命，同时也可以避免出现过大的制动力矩，使刹车过度平稳，提高用户的使用手感。
【附图说明】
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步详细的说明:
图1是本发明无刷直流电机刹车系统的电路图；
图2是本发明无刷直流电机刹车系统的模块图；
图3是本发明无刷直流电机刹车系统在刹车时的母线电压和PWM调制信号波形对比示意图；
图4是本发明无刷直流电机刹车系统的流程图；
图中附图标记的含义：
1.电源模块、2.电压采样模块、3.电机驱动模块、4.电机、5.MCU
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明所描述的刹车方法及装置等适用于电动工具/电动设备等智能化设备，其中，所述电动工具/电动设备可以为园林类工具、手持式工具，亦或是其他具有缓刹功能的自动化设备；只要上述设备/工具能够采用以下披露的技术方案的实质内容即可落在本发明的保护范围内。
参阅图1和图2所示，一种无刷直流电机刹车装置，包括电源模块1、电压采样模块2、无刷直流电机4、MCU5和电机驱动电路3，电源模块电连接电机驱动电路，电机驱动模块电连接无刷直流电机，控制无刷直流电机的运转；电压采样模块电连接MCU，用于将采集到的分压电阻的电压值传递给MCU；MCU包括信息处理模块和PWM控制模块(图2所示)，信息处理模块用于将接收到的分压电阻值进行计算得出母线电压值，并计算出一段时间内的母线电压变化 率，即斜率，根据斜率计算出下一时间段母线电压的变化值，根据所述变化值确定预估母线电压值；MCU内部存储有预设值，即母线高阈值与母线低阈值，当所述预估母线电压值到达高阈值，PWM控制模块控制输出上三管占空比为0，下三管占空比为0的PWM调制信号，暂停刹车，当所述预估母线电压值到达低阈值，PWM控制模块控制输出上三管为0，下三管以初始占空比并且初始占空比以固定斜率缓慢增加的PWM信号，开始继续刹车，直至停机。其中，高阈值为母线电压的耐压值，一旦超过耐压值，容易导致MOS管以及电路损坏，影响电动工具的使用寿命；低阈值为无刷直流电机刹车时，保证刹车效率的最低阈值，低于该阈值容易导致刹车时间延长，刹车效率降低，影响操作体验感。
参阅图3所示，高阈值参考值为30V，低阈值参考值为25V，初始占空比为5％-50％，优选的为50％，电压采样模块将采集到的电压值传送给信息处理模块，信息处理模块用于将接收到的分压电阻值进行计算得出母线电压值，并计算出一段时间内的母线电压变化率，即斜率，根据斜率计算出下一时间段母线电压的变化值，根据所述变化值确定预估母线电压值，当所述预估母线电压值到达高阈值，即30V时，MCU中的PWM控制模块，控制输出上下开关管占空比均为0的调制信号，控制停止刹车，继续检测直至预估母线电压值到达低阈值，即25V时，PWM控制模块控制输出上三管为0，下三管以初始占空比为50％并且占空比以固定斜率逐渐增加的调制信号，并且占空比始终低于100％。
参阅图4，本发明还提供一种无刷直流电机刹车方法，通过上述控制装置实现所述方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：S1:电压采集模块采集分压电阻R12的电压值；S2:MCU根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算得出第一母线电压值,所述母线电压值U总的计算方法为：U总＝(R6+R12)÷R12×Uad，Uad为R12两端的电压值，R6为分压电阻；S3:MCU通过检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化 率，即斜率K,所述斜率K的计算方法为：K＝(U总2-U总1)÷T，其中T为R12两端的电压值从U总1变化为U总2的时间；S4:根据斜率计算出下一时间段母线电压的变化值，根据所述变化值确定预估母线电压值；S5:判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，所述预设值即母线高阈值与母线低阈值，当所述预估母线电压值大于高阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管PWM占空比为0的PWM调制信号，停止缓刹；当所述预估母线电压值小于低阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管以初始占空比并且占空比逐渐提高的调制信号继续缓刹，其中，所述上三管为0，下三管以初始占空比为5％-50％，优选的为50％，且逐渐提高的过程中占空比始终小于100％。其中，高阈值为母线电压的耐压值，一旦超过耐压值，容易导致MOS管以及电路损坏，影响电动工具的使用寿命；低阈值为无刷直流电机刹车时，保证刹车效率的最低阈值，低于该阈值容易导致刹车时间延长，刹车效率降低，影响操作体验感。
本发明还提供一种刹车控制装置，通过所述刹车控制装置实现上述方法，所述刹车控制装置能够实现上述所有方法；所述刹车控制电路包括:电压采集电路:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；MCU:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值,所述母线电压值U总的计算方法为：U总＝(R6+R12)÷R12×Uad，Uad为R12两端的电压值，R6为分压电阻；通过监测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率，即斜率K，所述斜率K的计算方法为：K＝(U总2-U总1)÷T，其中T为R12两端的电压值从U总1变化为U总2的时间；根据斜率计算出下一时间段母线电压的变化值，根据所述变化值确定预估母线电压值；判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，所述预设值即母线高阈值与母线低阈值，当所述预估母线电压值大于高阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管PWM占空比为0的PWM调制信号，停止缓刹；当所述预估母线电压值小于低 阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管以初始占空比并且占空比逐渐提高的调制信号继续缓刹，其中，所述初始占空比为5％-50％，优选的为50％，且以固定斜率逐渐提高的过程中占空比始终小于100％。其中，高阈值为母线电压的耐压值，一旦超过耐压值，容易导致MOS管以及电路损坏，影响电动工具的使用寿命；低阈值为无刷直流电机刹车时，保证刹车效率的最低阈值，低于该阈值容易导致刹车时间延长，刹车效率降低，影响操作体验感。
本发明还提供一种刹车控制装置，通过所述刹车控制装置实现上述方法，所述刹车控制装置能够实现上述所有方法；所述刹车控制电路包括：电压采集模块:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；第一计算模块:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值，所述母线电压值U总的计算方法为：U总＝(R6+R12)÷R12×Uad，Uad为R12两端的电压值，R6为分压电阻；检测模块:用于检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率，即斜率K，所述斜率K的计算方法为：K＝(U总2-U总1)÷T，其中T为R12两端的电压值从U总1变化为U总2的时间；第二计算模块:用于计算预估母线电压值，即根据斜率计算出下一时间段母线电压的变化值，根据所述变化值确定预估母线电压值；判断模块:用于判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，所述预设值即母线高阈值与母线低阈值，当所述预估母线电压值大于高阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管PWM占空比为0的PWM调制信号，停止缓刹；当所述预估母线电压值小于低阈值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管以初始占空比并且占空比逐渐提高的调制信号继续缓刹，其中，所述初始占空比为5％-50％，优选的为50％，且以固定斜率逐渐提高的过程中占空比始终小于100％。其中，高阈值为母线电压的耐压值，一旦超过耐压值，容易导致MOS管以及电路损坏，影响电动工具的使用寿命；低阈值为无刷直流电机刹车时，保证刹车效率的最低阈值，低于该 阈值容易导致刹车时间延长，刹车效率降低，影响操作体验感。
本发明还提供了一种模式刹车控制装置，所述控制装置设备包括存储器和处理器；所述存储器上存储有可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序；所述控制器用于执行所述计算机程序以实现所述的刹车控制方法。
本发明还提供了一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质具有处理器可执行的非易失的程序代码，所述程序代码使所述处理器执行所述刹车控制方法。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的装置的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上所述实施例，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制，本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改或可轻易想到变化，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改、变化或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质 脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种刹车控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    S1:采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
    S2:根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算得出第一母线电压值；
    S3:检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；
    S4:根据电压变化率估算第二时间内的第二母线电压值，第二母线电压值为预估母线电压值；
    S5:判断所述预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹；当预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的刹车控制方法，其特征在于，当执行缓刹操作时，上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管以初始占空比并且占空比逐渐提高的调制信号进行缓刹。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的刹车控制方法，其特征在于，所述初始占空比为5％-50％，缓刹时，所述占空比始终小于100％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的刹车控制方法，其特征在于，所述母线电压值U总的计算方法为：U总＝(R6+R12)÷R12×Uad，Uad为R12两端的电压值，R6为分压电阻。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的刹车控制方法，其特征在于，所述电压变化率为斜率，其中斜率的计算方法为：K＝(U总2-U总1)÷T，K为斜率,T为R12两端的电压值从U总1变化为U总2的时间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的刹车控制方法，其特征在于，所述预估母线电压值大于预设值时，输出上三管PWM占空比为0，下三管PWM占空比为0的PWM调制信号。
  7. 一种刹车控制装置，其特征在于，所述刹车控制装置包括：
    电压采集模块:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
    第一计算模块:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值；
    检测模块:用于检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；
    第二计算模块:用于计算预估母线电压值；
    判断模块:用于判断预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，当预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
  8. 一种刹车控制装置，其特征在于，所述刹车控制装置包括：
    电压采集电路:用于采集分压电阻R12的电压值；
    MCU:用于根据分压电阻R12的电压值计算第一母线电压值；检测第一时间内母线电压的变化并计算出电压变化率；计算预估母线电压值；判断预估母线电压值与预设值的大小关系，当预估母线电压值大于预设值时，停止缓刹，继续检测电压，当预估母线电压值小于预设值时，继续缓刹。
  9. 一种模式控制装置，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括存储器和处理器；
    所述存储器上存储有可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序；
    所述控制器用于执行所述计算机程序以实现权利要求1-7任一项所述的刹车控制方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质具有处理器可执行的非易失的程序代码，其特征在于，所述程序代码使所述处理器执行所述权利要求1-7所述的刹车控制方法。
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