WO2024089703A1 - Système d'insonorisation résistant au feu - Google Patents

Système d'insonorisation résistant au feu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024089703A1
WO2024089703A1 PCT/IN2023/050927 IN2023050927W WO2024089703A1 WO 2024089703 A1 WO2024089703 A1 WO 2024089703A1 IN 2023050927 W IN2023050927 W IN 2023050927W WO 2024089703 A1 WO2024089703 A1 WO 2024089703A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soundproofing
equivalent
fire
board
spongy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2023/050927
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pradeep Varma
Original Assignee
Pradeep Varma
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pradeep Varma filed Critical Pradeep Varma
Publication of WO2024089703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024089703A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849—Groove or slot type openings

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is soundproofing systems and in particular, the wall and ceiling soundproofing systems used in rooms, and auditoria. of the Invention:
  • Spongy materials are well known as excellent sound proofing systems, because sound, as it travels from air pocket to air pocket in a sponge, excites and vibrates its flexible walls, losing energy in the process, dying out completely within a short traversal, having no energy left to reflect back from a hard surface (e.g. wall) after the sponge and then to traverse back to the source in its two-way travel needed through the sponge to reflect back.
  • a hard surface e.g. wall
  • covering walls with spongy material is a well-known, best method of soundproofing walls and ceilings of rooms.
  • Spongy cork used to be the preferred soundproofing material of the past this has been superseded by foams like polyurethane and polystyrene now, as cork is expensive and in limited supply compared to these polymers.
  • Firefighting sophistication has a very difficult problem, as follows: any manual procedure in the system requires constant training to the human staff who needs to carry this out.
  • the inventor of the present system himself in his past employments has taken part in many fire fighting drills where entire buildings were vacated periodically and everyone taught to use foaming fire extinguishers.
  • the important takeaway of the inventor from these exercises was the difficulty to remain trained for the entire year past these exercises, the learning being the inventor’s full confidence that come an actual emergency, he would be fumbling and bumbling struggling with tiny written instructions on staid equipment, which may or may not work and then run out of supplies to ensure complete disaster.
  • Sand buckets are slightly better, as that requires no training, but settled, hard sand may ensure difficult work also in an emergency.
  • Water on the other hand is a best method, everyone knows how to handle and play with water, and it is almost never in short supply and never settled or hardened (except in open cold snowy regions as ice).
  • the present invention provides a practically a no wish left unfulfilled, soundproofing system that is optimal in that the entire soundproofed surface has a spongy layer covering it for the best soundproofing purpose. Additional thin covers are layered further for adding fire safety and aesthetic looks. Furthermore, the system is cheap to implement, and cheap to maintain, with only one drawback, comprising optional, periodic polishing of the system for aesthetics, every few years, which is acceptable in most contexts.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the water catching, safe, spongy, insulating, nonbreathing, partitioning scheme, with soundproofing that scales extremely close to the underlying, naked, polymer sponge;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the elasticity addition made to a rigid, wettable, insulating, non-breathing, partition cover, that improves soundproofing, bringing it closer to that of the underlying, naked, polymer sponge;
  • Figure 3 shows a prior art deployment effort of partitioned soundproofing at Adbhut House, our technologies testbed;
  • Figure 4 shows a prior art soundproofing development, demonstrating success at silencing a basement exhaust fan using the preferred, widespread, inexpensive partition materials;
  • Figure 5 shows an exit path, with safe, electric master control, and surrounding lighting system, necessary for safe deployment
  • Figure 6 shows another exit path and surrounding lighting system
  • Figure 7 shows another surrounding lighting system
  • the veneer would be supported enough to by nails on each rectangles edges, so that it would not lose shape under polyurethane or melamine polishing, and survive with an aesthetically pleasing bubbly look, arising from the push of the foam underneath, to provide a cheery ambience to the conference room.
  • polystyrene foam was made with the carpenter’s recommendation on its being most inexpensive and the inventor’s polymer expert mother’s recommendation on its best soundproofing quality.
  • the inventor intends to partially or fully revise the construction underway at Adbhut House with the teachings here, in the near future, after this disclosure has been filed, to have a factual demonstration of the work herein, primarily on the walls, as that is the hardest and most valuable part of technical problem being addressed.
  • the core idea in fire safety being used here is to partition the inflammable substance into small units, each being completely isolated from the others so as not have the entire material bum out of control, but rather a tiny amount only, which would be easily controllable.
  • Sabotage is not a problem being addressed directly by this disclosure, so the only likely cause of fire that is expected is an electrical event, maybe from an overheated bulb, or an overloaded circuit, the first principle being deployed is to partition the timeline into use and non-use times, the electricity to the auditorium/room being shut off completely during the long non-use times, e.g. while sleeping, when monitoring is weak.
  • the electrical supply board for the basement is very close to the auditorium, just up a short flight of stairs and then on the left side, allowing all the auditorium MCBs to be clearly labelled distinctly to be shut off in a jiffy, if the need arises.
  • the MCBs are perpetually left OFF, even while servicing/cleaning, relying on the surrounding light systems shown in Figures 5-7 to adequately light the auditorium during these times.
  • the auditorium electrical supply is turned ON only when the auditorium is actually in proper use and therefore being actively monitored by the attendees present.
  • the water which would at least cool the materials and wet all the neighbouring partitions, to stop fire spread, and/or kill the fire, and the push from the water pressure, which would again smother the fire denying oxygen and hence killing the fire.
  • the push can be provided by locally available physical poles with a non-burning flat board ending, e.g. a pole connected to a metallic flat board, for smothering the fire by stomping on it physically.
  • the storage area below the window and external stairs in Figure 6 is planned to be the storehouse of filled buckets of water as well as the flat-ended pole(s), to be safe from a fire fighting perspective in any use of the auditorium. Further water backup is always available from the many bathrooms in the house, including the basement itself.
  • the ability of water to directly kill a sponge fire may be limited.
  • the partitioning ensures the sponge at any time is small in quantity, air limited, and the partitioning being wettable and becoming nonburning from such wetting is a sure method of stopping the spread of the fire, with the physical method in addition ensuring the killing of the fire.
  • the partitions in Adhbut House comprise wood board channels, an inch and a half to two inches wide, a non-burning brickwork side, and a thin, wood veneer side. All these sides are rigid, with the board having a spongy interior, sandwiched between two thin veneer-like shells, the spongy interior being comprised of soft wood chunks and air pockets.
  • This spongy interior makes board an excellent soundproofing material, and we have tested this hypothesis by the actual construction of a soundproofing system for our exhaust fans, exemplified in Figure 4.
  • the wood board box around the fan in the figure cuts the noise of the fan substantially, the window in the box being made to damp out the behaviour of the box otherwise as a wooden pipe with a resonance frequency and higher harmonics.
  • Veneer being a thin, but hard material with a soft unpolished surface is amenable to wetting, but not as much as board is, with its soft interior, especially, if the interior is exposed by chiseling out one of the covering shells.
  • Figure 1 depicts this clearly, with 5 partitions being shown illustratively, all rectangles, the board channels supporting the veneer 5 veneer covers being shown by dotted lines and a very thick line being shown in the centre of each board channel, depicting a chiseled out board surface, exposed on the audience side, whereupon water can be sprayed for extreme wetting of the board, through and through.
  • the partition covers are now separated from each other, with a chiseled exposed board side being visible and surrounding each partition cover from all side.
  • This arrangement is now highly wettable, as well as having a higher soundproofing capability by the exposure of the soft board interior to the auditorium directly without a hard shell reflecting some of the incoming sound.
  • the partitions as described above may be left unpolished completely, to be highly wettable, and soundproof, with periodic cleaning and scrubbing of the surfaces being carried out for maintenance (every few years). Or they may be polished in a manner that does not reduce the wettability or softness of the surface, so that both fire safety and soundproofing properties are preserved.
  • chalk or chalky material commonplace in house painting, can be used to smooth out the chisel board channel, from an aesthetic perspective. This does not compromise either wettability or soundproofing.
  • the earlier plans of using polyurethane or melamine polishing stand abandoned, as they compromise both the desired properties, indeed, make the partition covers highly inflammable, as the coating itself is inflammable. The longevity of polishing thus is lost, but that is an acceptable tradeoff for the gains made.
  • the specific size of a partition (board channel size, partition cover side), is dependent on the specific veneer and board used, besides the skill of the carpenters involved.
  • the principle guiding such a choice is maximizing the total foam area on the wall/ceiling, while minimizing each partition volume to contain the amount of foam that can bum within a partition.
  • the specific choice in Adbhut House example is sufficient from these perspectives, for the quality sought by us.
  • the partitioned solution presented here has a relatively easy win on the ceiling, compared to a wall. This is because, hot air, and flames rise, so the direction of a neighbouring partition on the ceiling does match the direction of the flames and hot air.
  • a lower burning partition on a wall directly attacks the partition above it, hence the wall solution is technically a much harder problem.
  • the rear wall in an auditorium faces the screen speakers directly and its soundproofing is the most critical component in the system.
  • the other walls also face speakers from a surround sound system, so wall soundproofing is more critical than the ceiling.
  • the ceiling and floors are less critical soundproofing wise, indeed, the floor plans being abandoned completely in the Adbhut House case, since carpeting is disliked by us for sanitary reasons.
  • the Adbhut House solution is a one-bounce solution, with echoed sound from the floor not coming back, since thereafter it either hits a wall or the ceiling (or an un-electrified soundproof curtain when a wall is absent) and does not echo back.
  • the wall being more critical and difficult than the ceiling, therefore relies extensively on the chiseled channel, primarily for substantial wetting of the underlying board that directly blocks a higher partition’s sponge from a lower burning partition.
  • the chiseled channels on the wall therefore need to bigger than the ones on a ceiling for more wettability.
  • Figure 2 shows an improvement to the rigid veneer partition cover that can be made in the unimplemented partitions.
  • the partition cover implemented in the prior art of Figure 3, comprised a groove made on the back side of each cover, in a star pattern like plus or X, to increase the rigid partition’s flexibility.
  • the groove was about half the veneer thickness deep, more depth compromising the strength of the veneer too much.
  • the Adbhut House system described here is a small scale deployment of our teaching. Its specific choices of woody partitions, the partition sizes, the manual procedures, are only exemplary and by no means the only recommended embodiment for the teaching herein. For the same reason, the planned demonstration of the system is only exemplary in nature.
  • a non-breathing, fire-resistant or wettable fabric may be used, allowing thicker and/or larger partitions that better handle louder sounds.
  • the wooden aesthetic would not longer be there, except for the board channels, but this may be the sought choice.
  • the guiding principle for the partition sizes in this case may be to minimize say the board channel for a fixed volume of polymer sponge per partition, to keep the inflammable material volume per partition small.
  • the board channels additionally may be substituted by another material with a spongy interior, to keep the entire wall/ceiling area covered exclusively with spongy material only, comprising only polymer sponge, or spongy- interior board/substitute. All these variations are within the scope of this teaching, as delimited by the claims given later in this disclosure.
  • a first straightforward automation is to make the electrical shut down or start a one-switch operation. This has to be carried out, from outside the auditorium/meeting room, for example in the outside electrical board depicted in Figure 5, since the same switch must ensure all surrounding lights are ON when the auditorium is in use. The same switch must ensure that water levels in any tank supplying water for firefighting are adequate.
  • the surrounding lights in the manual Adbhut House case are either filtered sunlight, or artificial lights. In the automatic case, insistence on artificial lights can be mandated.
  • the next automation is to route plumbing to the central chiseled channels in Figure 1 so that in case of a fire, all channels are watered automatically, with spouts from the channels pointing to the partition interiors, to wet the interiors also. This is more focused wetting than the sprinkler systems typically deployed in commercial settings.
  • the next automation is to have the electrical OFF additionally be automatically triggered, by smoke/fire detectors, and/or monitoring CCTV cameras.
  • the OFF may also be triggered by other conditions also, such as the loss of surrounding lights.
  • the availability of surrounding light is critical, because when the electricity goes off, visibility must still be there.
  • the blockage of exits, for example monitored by CCTV may similarly cause shut down.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'insonorisation qui est optimal en ce que la totalité de la surface insonorisée présente une couche spongieuse la recouvrant pour le meilleur objectif d'insonorisation, ce qui est pratiquement un souhait non encore réalisé. Des couvercles minces supplémentaires sont stratifiés en outre pour ajouter des aspects de sécurité anti-incendie et d'esthétique. Spécifiquement, le système est constitué d'une couche de matériau spongieux recouvrant une partie entière de la surface d'un plafond ou d'une paroi pour une insonorisation optimale de cette partie. Ledit matériau spongieux est constitué : a. d'un éponge polymère souple ou son équivalent souple en insonorisation, et b. d'un panneau en bois rigide ayant un intérieur spongieux relativement souple ou un matériau de support rigide équivalent avec un intérieur spongieux souple. Ledit panneau ou matériau est résistant au feu, ou son intérieur est exposé en totalité ou en partie pour être facilement mouillable pour une résistance au feu améliorée, le panneau rigide ou l'équivalent partitionne l'éponge polymère souple ou l'équivalent en volumes séparés, chaque cloison ou volume est recouvert par un revêtement non respirant ou étanche à l'air, ce qui réduisant l'inflammabilité de l'éponge polymère recouverte ou l'équivalent au volume de la cloison et à l'air limité contenu à l'intérieur de celui-ci, pour permettre une résistance au feu accrue et une propagation de feu ralentie.
PCT/IN2023/050927 2022-10-26 2023-10-12 Système d'insonorisation résistant au feu WO2024089703A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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IN202211060978 2022-10-26
IN202211060978 2022-10-26

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WO2024089703A1 true WO2024089703A1 (fr) 2024-05-02

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229785A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-01-18 Ruben R Pottash Acoustic tile with sound-reflective polymeric layer bonded to fibrous layer
US8621804B2 (en) * 2010-04-09 2014-01-07 Materiaux Laurier Inc. Insulating wall panel assembly and method for manufacturing same
CN205224410U (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-05-11 北京兴达成建筑材料有限公司 一种环保的轻质复合防火隔墙板
KR101901093B1 (ko) * 2018-02-07 2018-09-20 이용근 소화수 유도몰딩을 이용한 폴리에스테르 흡음 단열보드 시공구조

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229785A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-01-18 Ruben R Pottash Acoustic tile with sound-reflective polymeric layer bonded to fibrous layer
US8621804B2 (en) * 2010-04-09 2014-01-07 Materiaux Laurier Inc. Insulating wall panel assembly and method for manufacturing same
CN205224410U (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-05-11 北京兴达成建筑材料有限公司 一种环保的轻质复合防火隔墙板
KR101901093B1 (ko) * 2018-02-07 2018-09-20 이용근 소화수 유도몰딩을 이용한 폴리에스테르 흡음 단열보드 시공구조

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