WO2024086981A1 - Élément de batterie et son procédé de fabrication, batterie et dispositif électrique - Google Patents

Élément de batterie et son procédé de fabrication, batterie et dispositif électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024086981A1
WO2024086981A1 PCT/CN2022/127083 CN2022127083W WO2024086981A1 WO 2024086981 A1 WO2024086981 A1 WO 2024086981A1 CN 2022127083 W CN2022127083 W CN 2022127083W WO 2024086981 A1 WO2024086981 A1 WO 2024086981A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
active material
material layer
battery cell
conductive column
shell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/127083
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许虎
金海族
曾毓群
赵丰刚
郭继鹏
牛少军
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/127083 priority Critical patent/WO2024086981A1/fr
Publication of WO2024086981A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024086981A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/75—Wires, rods or strips

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell and a manufacturing method thereof, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell and a manufacturing method thereof, a battery, and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the production efficiency of the battery cell and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising a shell, a conductive column and an end cover; a accommodating cavity is formed inside the shell, and along a first direction, one end of the shell is provided with an opening connected to the accommodating cavity, and a first active material layer is provided on the side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity; the conductive column extends along the first direction and is inserted into the accommodating cavity, and a second active material layer is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column, the second active material layer is arranged facing the first active material layer, and the second active material layer has an opposite polarity to the first active material layer; the end cover covers the opening and is connected to the conductive column.
  • a first active material layer and a second active material layer with opposite polarities are respectively arranged on the side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity and on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column, and the conductive column is inserted into the accommodating cavity of the shell along the first direction, so that the first active material layer and the second active material layer are arranged facing each other, so that the shell and the conductive column can be used as the positive and negative output poles of the battery cell respectively to realize the input or output of the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure does not need to wind the pole piece, and saves the process of assembling and connecting the current collecting component and the pole ear, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • a conductive column is arranged at the center of the battery cell, so as to alleviate the risk of collapse of the center hole of the battery cell during the later use, which is conducive to improving the stability of the battery cell and improving the safety of the battery cell.
  • the first active material layer is coated on a surface of the shell facing the accommodating cavity.
  • the shell can be directly used as the output electrode of the battery cell.
  • This structure does not require the first active material layer to be arranged on the current collector and then the current collector is connected to the shell, which is beneficial to optimize the production process of the battery cell, save the manufacturing cost of the battery cell, and can improve the connection stability and reliability of the first active material layer arranged on the shell.
  • the shell is a columnar structure, and a central axis of the shell extends along the first direction.
  • the battery cell is a columnar structure extending along the first direction
  • the battery cell adopting this structure is relatively simple and easy to assemble, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the length of the shell is L
  • the maximum dimension of a cross section of the shell perpendicular to the first direction is D 1 , satisfying L ⁇ D 1 .
  • the shell is a long strip structure extending along the first direction.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure is beneficial to improving the capacity of the first active material layer and the second active material layer, and can effectively increase the area of the region where the first active material layer and the second active material layer are facing each other, which is beneficial to improving the energy density and performance of the battery cell.
  • the ratio of the length of the shell in the first direction to the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell perpendicular to the first direction can be greater than or equal to 1.5, so as to increase the coating amount of the first active material layer and the second active material layer, and the area of the area where the first active material layer and the second active material layer face each other, thereby alleviating the phenomenon that the capacity of the first active material layer and the second active material layer is insufficient due to the ratio being too small, and the area of the area where the first active material layer and the second active material layer face each other is too small.
  • the ratio of the length of the shell in the first direction to the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell perpendicular to the first direction to be less than or equal to 25
  • the structure of the battery cell that is too slender due to the ratio being too large can be alleviated, so as to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the battery cell.
  • both the first active material layer and the second active material layer are annular structures extending along the circumference of the conductive column.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure can further increase the capacity of the first active material layer and the second active material layer and the area of the region where the first active material layer and the second active material layer are arranged facing each other, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery cell.
  • the first active material layer surrounds the conductive column along its circumference to form a mounting channel for inserting the conductive column, and an inner surface of the mounting channel fits with an outer circumferential surface of the second active material layer.
  • the second active material layer is inserted into the installation channel formed by the first active material layer, and the shape of the surface of the second active material layer facing the first active material layer is the same as the shape of the surface of the first active material layer facing the second active material layer, it is convenient to assemble the conductive column provided with the second active material layer into the installation channel formed by the first active material layer, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell, and is beneficial to reduce the space waste between the first active material layer and the second active material layer, so as to improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • a cross-section of the mounting channel perpendicular to the first direction is circular.
  • the cross-section of the installation channel formed by the first active material layer is set to a circle, that is, the installation channel is a circular channel.
  • This structure can effectively alleviate the interference or scratching between the first active material layer and the second active material layer when the second active material layer is assembled into the installation channel.
  • it can be beneficial to improve the assembly efficiency of the battery cell, and on the other hand, it can effectively improve the production quality of the battery cell.
  • the first active material layer includes a plurality of first reaction layers, and the plurality of first reaction layers are stacked along a radial direction of the conductive pillar.
  • the first active material layer is stacked by multiple first reaction layers arranged along the radial direction of the conductive column.
  • the first active material layer with such a structure is easy to manufacture on the one hand, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of setting the first active material layer on the wall surface of the cavity of the shell. On the other hand, it can enhance the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the first active material layer to ensure the penetration of metal ions in the first active material layer.
  • the density of the first reaction layer close to the second active material layer among the plurality of first reaction layers is smaller than the density of other first reaction layers.
  • the kinetics of the first reaction layer close to the second active material layer is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other first reaction layers, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell, and at the same time can alleviate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell.
  • a particle diameter of the first reaction layer close to the second active material layer among the plurality of first reaction layers is smaller than a particle diameter of other first reaction layers.
  • the kinetics of the first reaction layer close to the second active material layer is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other first reaction layers, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell, and at the same time can alleviate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell.
  • the number of the first reaction layers of the first active material layer is N 1 , satisfying 2 ⁇ N 1 ⁇ 3.
  • the phenomenon of poor electrolyte infiltration caused by too small a number of first reaction layers can be alleviated to ensure the performance of the battery cell; on the other hand, the difficulty in manufacturing the first active material layer and the risk of falling off caused by too many first reaction layers can be reduced.
  • the second active material layer includes a plurality of second reaction layers, and the plurality of second reaction layers are stacked along a radial direction of the conductive pillar.
  • the second active material layer is stacked by multiple second reaction layers arranged radially along the conductive column.
  • the second active material layer with such a structure is easy to manufacture, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of setting the second active material layer on the wall surface of the accommodating cavity of the shell. On the other hand, it can enhance the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the second active material layer to ensure the penetrability of metal ions in the second active material layer.
  • the density of the second reaction layer close to the first active material layer among the plurality of second reaction layers is smaller than the density of other second reaction layers.
  • the dynamics of the second reaction layer close to the first active material layer is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other second reaction layers, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell, and at the same time can alleviate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell.
  • a particle diameter of the second reaction layer close to the first active material layer among the plurality of second reaction layers is smaller than a particle diameter of other second reaction layers.
  • the kinetics of the second reaction layer close to the first active material layer is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other second reaction layers, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell, and at the same time can alleviate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell.
  • the number of the second reaction layers of the second active material layer is N 2 , satisfying 2 ⁇ N 2 ⁇ 3.
  • the phenomenon of poor electrolyte infiltration caused by too small a number of second reaction layers can be alleviated to ensure the performance of the battery cell; on the other hand, the difficulty in manufacturing the second active material layer and the risk of falling off caused by too many second reaction layers can be reduced.
  • a first notch groove is provided on the surface of the first active material layer facing the second active material layer, and the first notch groove is used to accommodate an electrolyte; and/or a second notch groove is provided on the surface of the second active material layer facing the first active material layer, and the second notch groove is used to accommodate an electrolyte.
  • the battery cell of this structure can effectively improve the first active material layer's ability to retain the electrolyte, and can improve the electrolyte's wetting effect on the first active material layer, thereby helping to improve the battery cell's performance.
  • the battery cell of this structure can effectively improve the second active material layer's ability to retain the electrolyte, and can improve the electrolyte's wetting effect on the second active material layer, thereby helping to improve the battery cell's performance.
  • the first active material layer is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column, and the first notch groove extends along the circumference of the conductive column.
  • the first notch groove is arranged as an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column, that is, the first notch groove is arranged around the entire circumference of the first active material layer, which is beneficial to increase the capacity of the first notch groove for the electrolyte, and further can effectively improve the liquid retention capacity of the first active material layer to ensure the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the first active material layer.
  • first notch grooves there are a plurality of first notch grooves, and the plurality of first notch grooves are spaced apart along the first direction.
  • the second active material layer is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column, and the second notch groove extends along the circumference of the conductive column.
  • the second notch groove is arranged as an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column, that is, the second notch groove is arranged around the entire circumference of the second active material layer, which is beneficial to increase the capacity of the second notch groove for the electrolyte, and further can effectively improve the liquid retention capacity of the first active material layer to ensure the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the first active material layer.
  • the end cover includes a cover body and a pole; the cover body covers the opening; the pole is insulated and installed on the cover body; wherein the conductive pole is connected to the pole.
  • the input or output of the electric energy of the battery cell can be realized through the pole, thereby alleviating the short circuit phenomenon between the conductive column and the shell through the cover body, which is beneficial to reduce the safety hazards of the battery cell during use.
  • the conductive column and the polar column are an integrally formed structure.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure is beneficial to improving the connection stability and reliability between the conductive column and the pole to ensure the conduction area on the one hand, and it is convenient to assemble the conductive column and the end cover as a whole with the shell on the other hand, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell and improve the assembly efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the first active material layer is a negative electrode active material layer
  • the second active material layer is a positive electrode active material layer
  • the first active material layer arranged on the side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity is the negative electrode active material layer
  • the second active material layer arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column is the positive electrode active material layer, so that the negative electrode active material layer can be coated on the outside of the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the battery cell further includes a separator; the separator is disposed between the first active material layer and the second active material layer to separate the first active material layer from the second active material layer.
  • the battery cell is also provided with an isolation membrane located between the first active material layer and the second active material layer, so as to effectively realize the insulation isolation between the first active material layer and the second active material layer, so as to reduce the short circuit phenomenon between the first active material layer and the second active material layer, thereby helping to reduce the safety hazards of the electrode assembly during use.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, comprising the above-mentioned battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the above-mentioned battery cell, wherein the battery cell is used to provide electrical energy; or comprising the above-mentioned battery, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, comprising: providing a shell, a conductive column and an end cover, the shell having a accommodating cavity formed therein, one end of the shell having an opening connected to the accommodating cavity along a first direction, and the conductive column extending along the first direction; a first active material layer is provided on a side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity; the conductive column is connected to the end cover; a second active material layer is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the conductive column, the second active material layer having an opposite polarity to the first active material layer; the conductive column is inserted into the accommodating cavity of the shell along the first direction so that the first active material layer and the second active material layer are arranged facing each other, and the end cover is covered with the opening.
  • a first active material layer is first arranged on a side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity, and a second active material layer is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column after the conductive column is connected to the end cover. Then, the conductive column provided with the second active material layer is inserted into the accommodating cavity of the shell along the first direction to realize the facing arrangement of the first active material layer and the second active material layer, and at the same time, the end cover and the opening are covered with each other, thereby completing the assembly and manufacturing of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell manufactured by this manufacturing method does not need to wind the pole piece, and saves the process of assembling and connecting the current collecting component and the pole ear, thereby greatly optimizing the production process and production rhythm of the battery cell, which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the method for manufacturing the battery cell also includes: providing an isolation membrane; before inserting the conductive column into the accommodating cavity of the shell along the first direction so that the first active material layer and the second active material layer are arranged face to face, and the end cover is covered on the opening, the method for manufacturing the battery cell also includes: wrapping the isolation membrane on the outside of the second active material layer.
  • the isolation membrane is first coated on the outside of the second active material layer, so that when the conductive column is inserted into the accommodating cavity of the shell, the isolation membrane can be assembled into the shell at the same time, and the isolation membrane is arranged between the first active material layer and the second active material layer.
  • This manufacturing method can improve the assembly efficiency of the isolation membrane on the one hand, and reduce the difficulty of assembling the isolation membrane on the other hand.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery structure provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a partial enlarged view of the battery cell A shown in FIG8;
  • FIG10 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided in yet other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a cross-sectional view of a first active material layer of a battery cell provided in yet other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first box body; 12-second box body; 20-battery cell; 21-shell; 211-accommodating chamber; 212-opening; 22-conductive column; 23-end cover; 231-cover body; 232-pole; 24-first active material layer; 241-installation channel; 242-first reaction layer; 243-first notch groove; 25-second active material layer; 251-second reaction layer; 252-second notch groove; 26-isolation membrane; 200-controller; 300-motor; X-first direction; Y-radial direction of the conductive column.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells or multiple battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • Batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide adaptability, and low self-discharge coefficient. They are an important part of the development of new energy today. With the continuous development of battery technology, higher requirements have been put forward in terms of battery production efficiency and manufacturing cost. Among them, the battery is composed of multiple battery cells, so the production efficiency and manufacturing cost of the battery cells determine the production efficiency and manufacturing cost of the battery.
  • the battery cells are usually assembled into electrode assemblies (bare cells) by winding or laminating positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets and separators, which are then loaded into a housing, covered with end caps, and finally injected with electrolyte.
  • the electrode sheets need to be wound or laminated first, and then the pole ears of the electrode assembly need to be welded and assembled with the current collecting components, and finally the current collecting components need to be welded and assembled with the end caps or housings, which results in a more complicated and difficult manufacturing process for the battery cells, and more assembly parts and electrolytes are required, which leads to lower production efficiency and higher manufacturing costs for the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a shell, a conductive column and an end cover.
  • a accommodating cavity is formed inside the shell. Along the first direction, one end of the shell is provided with an opening connected to the accommodating cavity, and a first active material layer is provided on the side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity.
  • the conductive column extends along the first direction and is inserted into the accommodating cavity.
  • a second active material layer is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column. The second active material layer is arranged facing the first active material layer, and the second active material layer has an opposite polarity to the first active material layer.
  • the end cover covers the opening and is connected to the conductive column.
  • a first active material layer and a second active material layer with opposite polarities are respectively arranged on the side of the shell facing the accommodating cavity and on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column, and the conductive column is inserted into the accommodating cavity of the shell along the first direction, so that the first active material layer and the second active material layer are arranged facing each other, so that the shell and the conductive column can be used as the positive and negative output poles of the battery cell respectively to realize the input or output of the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure does not need to wind the pole piece, and saves the process of assembling and connecting the current collecting component and the pole ear, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • a conductive column is arranged at the center of the battery cell, so as to alleviate the risk of collapse of the center hole of the battery cell during the later use, which is conducive to improving the stability of the battery cell and improving the safety of the battery cell.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.
  • a power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device, which is conducive to optimizing the manufacturing process of the battery cells and the accessories required for the battery cells, so as to improve the production efficiency of the battery cells and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source
  • the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc.
  • the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is used to be accommodated in the box body 10.
  • the box body 10 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cell 20, and the box body 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first box body 11 and a second box body 12, and the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 cover each other, and the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 jointly define an assembly space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
  • the second box body 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box body 11 can be a plate-like structure.
  • the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12, so that the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 jointly define an assembly space;
  • the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12.
  • the box body 10 formed by the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 10.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or in other shapes. For example, in FIG3 , the battery cell 20 is a cylindrical structure.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 includes a shell 21, a conductive column 22, and an end cover 23.
  • a receiving cavity 211 is formed inside the shell 21, and an opening 212 communicating with the receiving cavity 211 is provided at one end of the shell 21 along the first direction X, and a first active material layer 24 is provided on the side of the shell 21 facing the receiving cavity 211.
  • the conductive column 22 extends along the first direction X and is inserted into the receiving cavity 211, and a second active material layer 25 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22, and the second active material layer 25 is arranged facing the first active material layer 24, and the second active material layer 25 is opposite to the first active material layer 24.
  • the end cover 23 covers the opening 212 and is connected to the conductive column 22.
  • the first active material layer 24 is arranged on the side of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211, and the second active material layer 25 is arranged on the conductive column 22, and the conductive column 22 is connected to the end cover 23, so that the shell 21 and the end cover 23 respectively serve as the output pole of the battery cell 20 to realize the input or output of electrical energy.
  • the first active material layer 24 can be arranged on the side of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211 in various structures.
  • the first active material layer 24 can be directly coated on the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211, that is, the first active material layer 24 is coated on the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 can also be indirectly arranged on the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 is coated on a current collector made of metal foil, and then the current collector is covered and connected to the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 may also be not electrically connected to the shell 21, that is, the first active material layer 24 is insulated and installed on the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 is coated on a current collector made of metal foil, and the current collector is then covered on the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211, and an insulating layer is arranged between the current collector and the shell 21. That is to say, the current collector provided with the first active material layer 24 is connected to the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211 through the insulating layer to achieve insulation isolation between the current collector provided with the first active material layer 24 and the shell 21.
  • the current collector provided with the first active material layer 24 can be connected to the end cover 23 so that the end cover 23 serves as the output pole of the first active material layer 24, and can also be connected to the electrode terminal insulated and installed on the shell 21, so that the electrode terminal insulated and installed on the shell 21 serves as the output pole of the first active material layer 24.
  • the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are active materials disposed on the shell 21 and the conductive column 22 respectively.
  • the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are areas where chemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20, and they mainly work by moving metal ions between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25.
  • the material of the first active material layer 24 may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the second active material layer 25 is a negative electrode active material layer, and the material of the second active material layer 25 may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the material of the first active material layer 24 may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the second active material layer 25 is a positive electrode active material layer, and the material of the second active material layer 25 may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the conductive pillar 22 extends along the first direction X and is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 , that is, the conductive pillar 22 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the housing 21 along the first direction X.
  • the second active material layer 25 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22 , that is, the conductive column 22 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 , and the second active material layer 25 is disposed on the surface of the conductive column 22 facing the housing 21 .
  • the conductive pillar 22 may have a variety of structures.
  • the conductive pillar 22 may be a solid structure, that is, the conductive pillar 22 is a solid columnar structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the conductive pillar 22 may also be a hollow structure, that is, the conductive pillar 22 is a hollow columnar structure extending along the first direction X, so that the cross section of the conductive pillar 22 perpendicular to the first direction X is annular.
  • the conductive pillar 22 is a solid columnar structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the conductive pillar 22 may have various shapes, such as a cylindrical structure, a rectangular cylindrical structure, a hexagonal prism structure, etc.
  • the conductive pillar 22 is a cylindrical structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the second active material layer 25 is disposed facing the first active material layer 24, that is, in the radial direction Y of the conductive column, the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are disposed opposite to each other, wherein the radial direction Y of the conductive column is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the radial direction Y of the conductive column is the direction in which the outer edge of the cross section of the conductive column 22 perpendicular to the first direction X points to the central axis of the conductive column 22 or the direction in which the central axis of the conductive column 22 points to the outer edge of the cross section of the conductive column 22 perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the housing 21 may also be used to contain electrolytes, such as electrolytes.
  • the housing 21 may also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the housing 21 can be in various structural forms.
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening 212 on one side, and the end cap 23 covers the opening 212 of the housing 21 and forms a sealed connection to form a sealed space for accommodating the conductive column 22 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. Exemplarily, in FIG4 , the housing 21 is a cylindrical structure.
  • the conductive column 22 When assembling the battery cell 20, the conductive column 22 can be first connected to the end cover 23, and then the conductive column 22 coated with the second active material layer 25 can be inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21, and the electrolyte is filled into the shell 21, and finally the end cover 23 and the shell 21 are covered and sealed.
  • the shell 21 is not limited to the above structure, and the shell 21 can also be other structures.
  • the shell 21 is a hollow structure with openings 212 at two opposite ends in the first direction X.
  • the battery cell 20 includes two end covers 23, and one end cover 23 corresponds to covering an opening 212 of the shell 21 to form a sealed connection.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism, which may be mounted on the end cap 23 or the housing 21.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof disk, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve.
  • the shell 21 and the conductive column 22 can be used as the positive and negative output electrodes of the battery cell 20 to realize the input or output of electric energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 adopting such a structure does not need to wind the pole piece, and saves the process of assembling and connecting the current collecting component and the pole ear, which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the battery cell 20.
  • a conductive column 22 is provided at the center of the battery cell 20 , thereby alleviating the risk of the center hole of the battery cell 20 collapsing during later use, thereby facilitating improving the use stability of the battery cell 20 and improving the use safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first active material layer 24 is coated on the surface of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211 .
  • the first active material layer 24 is coated on the surface of the housing 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211 , that is, the first active material layer 24 is directly disposed on the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity 211 .
  • the shell 21 can be directly used as the output pole of the battery cell 20.
  • This structure does not require the first active material layer 24 to be arranged on the current collector and then the current collector is connected to the shell 21, which is beneficial to optimize the production process of the battery cell 20, save the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 20, and can improve the connection stability and reliability of the first active material layer 24 arranged on the shell 21.
  • the shell 21 is a columnar structure, and the central axis of the shell 21 extends along the first direction X.
  • the central axis of the shell 21 extends along the first direction X, that is, the shell 21 is a columnar structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the shape of the shell 21 can be various.
  • the shell 21 is a cylindrical structure extending along the first direction X.
  • Figure 6, which is a structural explosion diagram of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the shell 21 can also be a hexagonal prism structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the shell 21 can also be a triangular prism structure, a rectangular columnar structure or a pentagonal columnar structure, etc.
  • the battery cell 20 By configuring the shell 21 as a columnar structure extending along the first direction X, that is, the battery cell 20 is a columnar structure extending along the first direction X, the battery cell 20 with this structure has a simpler structure and is easy to assemble, thereby helping to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell 20 and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell 20.
  • the length of the shell 21 is L, and the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is D 1 , satisfying L ⁇ D 1 .
  • the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X is D 1 , that is, the maximum distance between any two points on the outer edge of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is D 1 , that is, if the shell 21 is a cylindrical structure, D 1 is the diameter of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X; if the shell 21 is a triangular prism structure, D 1 is the longest side of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X; if the shell 21 is a rectangular columnar structure, D 1 is the diagonal of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the shell 21 in the first direction X By setting the length of the shell 21 in the first direction X to be greater than or equal to the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, that is, the shell 21 is a long strip structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the battery cell 20 adopting such a structure is beneficial to improving the capacity of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, and can effectively increase the area of the region where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are arranged facing each other, thereby helping to improve the energy density and performance of the battery cell 20.
  • 1.5 ⁇ L/D 1 that is, the length of the shell 21 in the first direction X is more than 1.5 times the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • L/D 1 ⁇ 25 that is, the length of the shell 21 in the first direction X is less than 25 times the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the shell 21 is a cylindrical structure, and the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is the diameter of the shell 21 .
  • the battery cell 20 is a structure in which the length in the first direction X is greater than the size of the cross section of the battery cell 20, that is, the battery cell 20 is an elongated strip-shaped structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the battery cell 20 is an elongated strip-shaped structure extending along the first direction X
  • the length of the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22 in the first direction X can be increased, and the length of the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21 in the first direction X can be increased, thereby effectively increasing the coating amount of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, and increasing the area of the region where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are arranged facing each other.
  • the length of the shell 21 in the first direction X is more than 3 times the diameter of the shell 21 , so that the battery cell 20 is an elongated structure extending along the first direction X, thereby effectively ensuring the capacity of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 , and the area of the region where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are disposed facing each other.
  • the diameter of the shell 21 and the corresponding length of the shell 21 in the first direction X can be: 18 mm and 65 mm, 18 mm and 200 mm, 18 mm and 300 mm, 21 mm and 70 mm, 21 mm and 200 mm, 21 mm and 310 mm, etc.
  • the ratio of the length of the shell 21 in the first direction X to the maximum dimension of the cross section of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X can be greater than or equal to 1.5, so as to increase the coating amount of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, and the area of the area where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 face each other, thereby alleviating the phenomenon that the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are insufficient in the amount of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 and the area where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 face each other due to the ratio being too small.
  • the battery cell 20 can be relieved from being too slender due to the ratio being too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 can also be set to a structure of 1.5 ⁇ L/D 1 and/or L/D 1 ⁇ 25.
  • the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are both annular structures extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 .
  • the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are both annular structures extending along the circumferential direction of the conductive column 22, that is, the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are both annular structures surrounding the outside of the conductive column 22, that is, the second active material layer 25 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the conductive column 22, and the first active material layer 24 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the second active material layer 25.
  • the circumferential direction of the conductive column 22 refers to the direction of surrounding the central axis of the conductive column 22.
  • the thickness of the first active material layer 24 is D 2 , satisfying 0.1 mm ⁇ D 2 ⁇ 15 mm.
  • the thickness of the first active material layer 24 in the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar may be 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm.
  • the thickness of the second active material layer 25 is D 3 , satisfying 0.1 mm ⁇ D 3 ⁇ 15 mm.
  • the thickness of the second active material layer 25 in the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar may be 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm.
  • the battery cell 20 using this structure can further increase the capacity of the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 and the area of the region where the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are facing each other, thereby effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the first active material layer 24 surrounds the conductive column 22 along the circumference to form a mounting channel 241 for inserting the conductive column 22, and the inner surface of the mounting channel 241 fits with the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25.
  • the first active material layer 24 surrounds the conductive pillar 22 along its circumference to form a mounting channel 241 for the conductive pillar 22 to be inserted into. That is, the first active material layer 24 surrounds the outer circumference of the second active material layer 25 .
  • the inner surface of the mounting channel 241 and the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25 fit each other, that is, the second active material layer 25 is inserted in the mounting channel 241 formed by the first active material layer 24, and the shape of the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24 is the same as the shape of the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25.
  • the cross-section of the mounting channel 241 formed by the first active material layer 24 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular, then the cross-section of the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25 perpendicular to the first direction X is also circular; if the cross-section of the mounting channel 241 formed by the first active material layer 24 perpendicular to the first direction X is polygonal, then the cross-section of the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25 perpendicular to the first direction X is also polygonal.
  • the inner surface of the first active material layer 24 and the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25 are a mutually fitting structure, it is convenient to assemble the conductive column 22 provided with the second active material layer 25 into the installation channel 241 formed by the first active material layer 24, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell 20 and reduce the space waste between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, so as to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20.
  • a cross section of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular.
  • the cross section of the installation channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular, and the installation channel 241 is a circular channel.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural explosion diagram of the battery cell 20 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the cross-section of the installation channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X is a hexagon.
  • the cross-section of the installation channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X can also be a rectangle, a pentagon, etc.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X may be the same as or different from the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X, and the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X are both circular.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X are both hexagonal.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is different from the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X, and the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is a hexagon, and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X is both circular.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shell 21 perpendicular to the first direction X may also be circular, and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X may be hexagonal.
  • this structure can effectively alleviate the interference or scratching between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 when the second active material layer 25 is assembled into the installation channel 241.
  • it can be beneficial to improve the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20, and on the other hand, it can effectively improve the production quality of the battery cell 20.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of the battery cell 20 at A shown in Figure 8.
  • the first active material layer 24 includes a plurality of first reaction layers 242, and the plurality of first reaction layers 242 are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar.
  • the plurality of first reaction layers 242 are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar, that is, the plurality of first reaction layers 242 are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar between the shell 21 and the second active material layer 25 .
  • the first active material layer 24 is formed by stacking multiple first reaction layers 242 arranged along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the first active material layer 24 with such a structure is easy to manufacture, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of setting the first active material layer 24 on the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21. On the other hand, it can enhance the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the first active material layer 24 to ensure the penetrability of metal ions in the first active material layer 24.
  • the density of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 among the plurality of first reaction layers 242 is less than the density of the other first reaction layers 242 .
  • the density of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 among the multiple first reaction layers 242 is smaller than that of other first reaction layers 242 , that is, the density of the first reaction layer 242 closest to the second active material layer 25 among the multiple first reaction layers 242 is the smallest.
  • the dynamics of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other first reaction layers 242, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell 20, while also alleviating the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20.
  • the particle diameter of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 among the plurality of first reaction layers 242 is smaller than the particle diameters of other first reaction layers 242 .
  • the particle diameter of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 among the multiple first reaction layers 242 is smaller than the particle diameters of other first reaction layers 242, that is, the material particle size of the first reaction layer 242 closest to the second active material layer 25 among the multiple first reaction layers 242 is the smallest.
  • the dynamics of the first reaction layer 242 close to the second active material layer 25 is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other first reaction layers 242, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell 20, while also alleviating the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20.
  • the number of the first reaction layers 242 of the first active material layer 24 is N 1 , satisfying 2 ⁇ N 1 ⁇ 3.
  • the number of the first reaction layers 242 of the first active material layer 24 may be 2 or 3.
  • the first active material layer 24 includes two first reaction layers 242 stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the phenomenon of poor electrolyte infiltration caused by too small a number of first reaction layers 242 can be alleviated to ensure the performance of the battery cell 20; on the other hand, the manufacturing difficulty of the first active material layer 24 and the risk of falling off caused by too many first reaction layers 242 can be reduced.
  • the second active material layer 25 includes a plurality of second reaction layers 251 , and the plurality of second reaction layers 251 are stacked along a radial direction Y of the conductive pillar.
  • the plurality of second reaction layers 251 are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive pillars, that is, the plurality of second reaction layers 251 are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive pillars between the first active material layer 24 and the conductive pillars 22 .
  • the second active material layer 25 is formed by stacking multiple second reaction layers 251 arranged along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the second active material layer 25 with such a structure is easy to manufacture, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of setting the second active material layer 25 on the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21. On the other hand, it can enhance the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the second active material layer 25 to ensure the penetrability of metal ions in the second active material layer 25.
  • the density of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 among the plurality of second reaction layers 251 is less than the density of the other second reaction layers 251 .
  • the density of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 among the multiple second reaction layers 251 is lower than the density of other second reaction layers 251 , that is, the density of the second reaction layer 251 closest to the first active material layer 24 among the multiple second reaction layers 251 is the smallest.
  • the dynamics of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other second reaction layers 251, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell 20, while also alleviating the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20.
  • the particle diameter of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 among the plurality of second reaction layers 251 is smaller than the particle diameters of other second reaction layers 251 .
  • the particle diameter of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 among the multiple second reaction layers 251 is smaller than the particle diameters of other second reaction layers 251, that is, the second reaction layer 251 closest to the first active material layer 24 among the multiple second reaction layers 251 has the smallest particle size.
  • the dynamics of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 is made better, so that the metal ions can diffuse into other second reaction layers 251, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance and improve the performance of the battery cell 20, and at the same time alleviate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20.
  • the number of the second reaction layers 251 of the second active material layer 25 is N 2 , satisfying 2 ⁇ N 2 ⁇ 3.
  • the number of the second reaction layers 251 of the second active material layer 25 may be 2 or 3.
  • the second active material layer 25 includes two second reaction layers 251 stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the phenomenon of poor electrolyte infiltration caused by too small a number of second reaction layers 251 can be alleviated to ensure the performance of the battery cell 20; on the other hand, the manufacturing difficulty of the second active material layer 25 caused by too many second reaction layers 251 and the risk of falling off can be reduced.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural explosion diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some other embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a first active material layer 24 of a battery cell 20 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • a first notch groove 243 is provided on the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25, and the first notch groove 243 is used to accommodate an electrolyte.
  • a second notch groove 252 is provided on the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24, and the second notch groove 252 is used to accommodate an electrolyte.
  • a first notch groove 243 is provided on the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25, that is, the first active material layer 24 is provided with a groove for accommodating the electrolyte on the surface facing the second active material layer 25; similarly, a second notch groove 252 is provided on the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24, that is, the second active material layer 25 is provided with a groove for accommodating the electrolyte on the surface facing the first active material layer 24.
  • first notch groove 243 and the second notch groove 252 may have various structures.
  • first notch groove 243 and the second notch groove 252 may be an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 , or may be a strip structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the first notch groove 243 is disposed on the surface of the first reaction layer 242 closest to the second active material layer 25 in the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar among the plurality of first reaction layers 242, facing the second active material layer 25.
  • the second notch groove 252 is disposed on the surface of the second reaction layer 251 closest to the first active material layer 24 in the radial direction Y of the conductive pillar among the plurality of second reaction layers 251, facing the first active material layer 24.
  • a first notch groove 243 is provided on the first active material layer 24 of the battery cell 20, and a second notch groove 252 is provided on the second active material layer 25 of the battery cell 20.
  • the structure of the battery cell 20 is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the battery cell 20 may also only have the first notch groove 243 provided on the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25, or may only have the second notch groove 252 provided on the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24.
  • the battery cell 20 of this structure can effectively improve the first active material layer 24's ability to retain the electrolyte, and can improve the electrolyte's infiltration effect on the first active material layer 24, thereby facilitating the improvement of the performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 of this structure can effectively improve the second active material layer 25's ability to retain the electrolyte, and can improve the electrolyte's infiltration effect on the second active material layer 25, thereby facilitating the improvement of the performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the first active material layer 24 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 , and the first notch groove 243 extends along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 .
  • the first notched groove 243 extends along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, that is, the first notched groove 243 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, that is, the first notched groove 243 is arranged around the entire circumference of the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25.
  • the first notched groove 243 may also be a structure extending along the first direction X.
  • first notch groove 243 As an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column 22, it is helpful to increase the capacity of the first notch groove 243 for the electrolyte, thereby effectively improving the liquid retention capacity of the first active material layer 24 to ensure the electrolyte infiltration effect of the first active material layer 24.
  • first notch grooves 243 there are a plurality of first notch grooves 243 , and the plurality of first notch grooves 243 are arranged along the first direction X at intervals.
  • the plurality of first notch grooves 243 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, that is, the plurality of first notch grooves 243 are arranged along the first direction X.
  • first notch grooves 243 are structures extending along the first direction X, a plurality of first notch grooves 243 may be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the conductive pillar 22 .
  • the liquid retention capacity of the first active material layer 24 and the electrolyte infiltration effect are further improved, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the second active material layer 25 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 , and the second notch groove 252 extends along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22 .
  • the second notched groove 252 extends along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, that is, the second notched groove 252 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, that is, the second notched groove 252 is arranged around the entire circumference of the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24.
  • the second notched groove 252 may also be a structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the second notch groove 252 As an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column 22, that is, the second notch groove 252 is set around the entire circumference of the second active material layer 25, it is beneficial to increase the capacity of the second notch groove 252 for the electrolyte, and thus can effectively improve the liquid retention capacity of the first active material layer 24, so as to ensure the wetting effect of the electrolyte of the first active material layer 24.
  • the plurality of second notched grooves 252 are arranged along the first direction X at intervals.
  • the plurality of second notch grooves 252 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, that is, the plurality of second notch grooves 252 are arranged along the first direction X.
  • second notch grooves 252 are structures extending along the first direction X, a plurality of second notch grooves 252 may be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the conductive pillar 22 .
  • the liquid retention capacity of the second active material layer 25 and the electrolyte infiltration effect are further improved, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cover 23 includes a cover body 231 and a pole 232.
  • the cover body 231 covers the opening 212.
  • the pole 232 is insulated and installed on the cover body 231.
  • the conductive pole 22 is connected to the pole 232.
  • the cover body 231 of the end cover 23 is provided with a pole 232 , which is insulated and mounted on the cover body 231 .
  • the pole 232 is connected to the conductive column 22 so as to serve as an output pole of the battery cell 20 through the pole 232 .
  • the pole 232 is insulated and installed on the cover body 231 , that is, there is no electrical connection between the pole 232 and the cover body 231 , that is, an insulating member is provided between the pole 232 and the cover body 231 , so that there is no electrical connection between the pole 232 and the cover body 231 .
  • the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 may be an integrated structure or a split structure. If the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 are an integrated structure, the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 may be formed by a process such as casting or turning; if the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 are a split structure, the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 may be assembled and connected by a process such as welding, clamping or bolting.
  • the input or output of electrical energy of the battery cell 20 can be realized through the pole 232, thereby alleviating the short circuit phenomenon between the conductive column 22 and the shell 21 through the cover body 231, which is beneficial to reduce the safety hazard of the battery cell 20 during use.
  • the conductive column 22 and the electrode column 232 are integrally formed.
  • the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 are an integrally formed structure, that is, the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 are an integrated structure.
  • the pole 232 and the conductive column 22 may also be a split structure, and the conductive column 22 is connected to the pole 232.
  • the pole 232 and the conductive column 22 may be connected in a variety of ways, and the conductive column 22 may be directly connected to the pole 232, such as welding or abutting.
  • the conductive column 22 may also be indirectly connected to the pole 232, such as the conductive column 22 is first welded or abutted with other components, and then welded or abutted with the pole 232.
  • the battery cell 20 adopting such a structure is beneficial to improving the connection stability and reliability between the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 to ensure the flow conduction area, and is also convenient for assembling the conductive column 22 and the end cover 23 as a whole with the shell 21, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery cell 20 and improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20.
  • the first active material layer 24 is a negative electrode active material layer
  • the second active material layer 25 is a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the first active material layer 24 may also be a positive electrode active material layer, and correspondingly, the second active material layer 25 is a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the first active material layer 24 arranged on the side of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211 is a negative electrode active material layer, and correspondingly, the second active material layer 25 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22 is a positive electrode active material layer, so that the negative electrode active material layer can be coated on the outside of the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the battery cell 20 adopting this structure can effectively reduce the risk of lithium plating to improve the safety of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 further includes a separator 26 .
  • the separator 26 is disposed between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 to separate the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 .
  • the isolation membrane 26 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive column 22, that is, the isolation membrane 26 is coated on the outer peripheral side of the second active material layer 25, so that the isolation membrane 26 can effectively separate the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25.
  • the material of the isolation film 26 may be polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE).
  • the shape of the isolation membrane 26 matches the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25, that is, the shape of the isolation membrane 26 is the same as the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25.
  • the isolation membrane 26 is a cylindrical hollow structure; as shown in FIG7, if the cross-section of the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25 perpendicular to the first direction X is hexagonal, the isolation membrane 26 is a hexagonal hollow structure.
  • the battery cell 20 is also provided with an isolation membrane 26 located between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, so as to effectively realize the insulation isolation between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, so as to reduce the short circuit phenomenon between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25, thereby helping to reduce the safety hazards of the electrode assembly during use.
  • a battery 100 is further provided, and the battery 100 includes a battery cell 20 of any of the above schemes.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, which includes a battery cell 20 of any of the above schemes, and the battery cell 20 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device; or, the electrical device includes a battery 100 of any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the electrical device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery cell 20 or the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20 , which includes a housing 21 , a conductive column 22 , an end cover 23 , and an isolation membrane 26 .
  • the housing 21 has a receiving cavity 211 formed inside. An opening 212 communicating with the receiving cavity 211 is provided at one end of the housing 21 along the first direction X.
  • a first active material layer 24 is provided on the surface of the housing 21 facing the receiving cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 is a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the housing 21 is a columnar structure. The central axis of the housing 21 extends along the first direction X. The length of the housing 21 along the first direction X is L. The maximum dimension of the cross section of the housing 21 perpendicular to the first direction X in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X is D 1 , satisfying L ⁇ D 1 .
  • the conductive column 22 extends along the first direction X and is inserted into the receiving cavity 211.
  • a second active material layer 25 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22.
  • the second active material layer 25 faces the first active material layer 24.
  • the second active material layer 25 is a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the end cover 23 includes a cover body 231 and a pole 232.
  • the cover body 231 covers the opening 212.
  • the pole 232 is insulated and installed on the cover body 231.
  • the conductive column 22 and the pole 232 are an integrally formed structure.
  • the isolation membrane 26 is arranged between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 to separate the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25.
  • the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are both annular structures extending along the circumference of the conductive column 22.
  • the first active material layer 24 is surrounded along the circumference of the conductive column 22 to form an installation channel 241 for inserting the conductive column 22.
  • the cross section of the installation channel 241 perpendicular to the first direction X is circular, and the inner surface of the installation channel 241 fits with the outer peripheral surface of the second active material layer 25.
  • the first active material layer 24 includes two first reaction layers 242, which are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the second active material layer 25 includes two second reaction layers 251, which are stacked along the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the density of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 of the two second reaction layers 251 is less than the density of the other second reaction layer 251, and the particle diameter of the second reaction layer 251 close to the first active material layer 24 of the two second reaction layers 251 is smaller than the particle diameter of the other second reaction layer 251.
  • a plurality of first notched grooves 243 are provided on the surface of the first active material layer 24 facing the second active material layer 25.
  • the first notched grooves 243 are used to contain electrolyte.
  • the first active material layer 24 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, and the plurality of first notched grooves 243 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X.
  • a plurality of second notched grooves 252 are provided on the surface of the second active material layer 25 facing the first active material layer 24.
  • the second notched grooves 252 are used to contain electrolyte.
  • the second active material layer 25 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the conductive pillar 22, and the plurality of second notched grooves 252 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X.
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • S100 providing a housing 21, a conductive column 22 and an end cover 23, wherein a receiving cavity 211 is formed inside the housing 21, and an opening 212 communicating with the receiving cavity 211 is provided at one end of the housing 21 along a first direction X, and the conductive column 22 extends along the first direction X;
  • S200 Disposing a first active material layer 24 on a side of the housing 21 facing the receiving cavity 211;
  • S400 Disposing a second active material layer 25 on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22, wherein the second active material layer 25 has a polarity opposite to that of the first active material layer 24;
  • the first active material layer 24 is directly coated on the surface of the housing 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211, that is, the first active material layer 24 is coated on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the first active material layer 24 may be first coated on a current collector made of metal foil, and then the current collector coated with the first active material layer 24 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 211 of the housing 21, and the current collector is connected to the surface of the housing 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211.
  • step S500 the conductive column 22 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21 along the first direction X, that is, the conductive column 22 provided with the second active material layer 25 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21 along the first direction X, so that the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are arranged facing each other in the radial direction Y of the conductive column.
  • the first active material layer 24 is coated on the surface of the housing 21 facing the receiving cavity 211 by a dry coating process.
  • the second active material layer 25 is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22 by a dry coating process.
  • a first active material layer 24 is firstly arranged on a side of the shell 21 facing the accommodating cavity 211, and the second active material layer 25 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive column 22 after the conductive column 22 is connected to the end cover 23. Then, the conductive column 22 provided with the second active material layer 25 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21 along the first direction X, so that the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are arranged facing each other, and at the same time, the end cover 23 and the opening 212 are covered with each other, thereby completing the assembly and manufacturing of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 manufactured by this manufacturing method does not need to wind the pole piece, and saves the process of assembling and connecting the current collecting component and the pole ear, thereby greatly optimizing the production process and production rhythm of the battery cell 20, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the battery cell 20.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the method for manufacturing the battery cell 20 further includes:
  • the manufacturing method of the battery cell 20 further includes:
  • step S500 is performed after step S700, which means that the conductive column 22 provided with the second active material layer 25 and coated with the isolation film 26 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21 along the first direction X, so that the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25 are arranged facing each other, and the isolation film 26 is located between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25.
  • step S600 is arranged after step S400 .
  • step S600 may be arranged before or after any step before step S700 .
  • the isolation membrane 26 is first coated on the outside of the second active material layer 25, so that when the conductive column 22 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 of the shell 21, the isolation membrane 26 can be assembled into the shell 21 at the same time, and the isolation membrane 26 can be arranged between the first active material layer 24 and the second active material layer 25.
  • This manufacturing method can improve the assembly efficiency of the isolation membrane 26 on the one hand, and reduce the difficulty of assembling the isolation membrane 26 on the other hand.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de batterie (20) et son procédé de fabrication, une batterie (100) et un dispositif électrique, se rapportant au domaine technique des batteries. L'élément de batterie (20) comprend un boîtier (21), une colonne conductrice (22) et un couvercle d'extrémité (23). Une cavité de réception (211) est formée dans le boîtier (21), et dans une première direction (X), une ouverture (212) est disposée à une extrémité du boîtier (21), et une première couche de matériau actif (24) est disposée sur le côté du boîtier (21) faisant face à la cavité de réception (212). La colonne conductrice (22) est insérée dans la cavité de réception (212) dans la première direction (X), une seconde couche de matériau actif (25) est disposée sur la surface périphérique externe de la colonne conductrice (22), la seconde couche de matériau actif (25) est agencée pour faire face à la première couche de matériau actif (24), et la polarité de la seconde couche de matériau actif (25) et la polarité de la première couche de matériau actif (24) sont opposées. Le couvercle d'extrémité (23) recouvre l'ouverture (212) et est relié à la colonne conductrice (22). Un tel élément de batterie (20) ne nécessite pas d'enroulement de feuilles d'électrode, de telle sorte que le processus d'assemblage et de connexion d'un composant de collecte de courant et d'une languette l'un à l'autre est retiré, l'efficacité de production de l'élément de batterie (20) est améliorée ; et il n'est pas nécessaire de fournir un certain nombre d'électrolytes dans le boîtier, et des éléments tels qu'un composant de collecte de courant sont retirés, de telle sorte que les coûts de fabrication sont réduits, et l'utilisation d'espace de l'élément de batterie (20) est améliorée.
PCT/CN2022/127083 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Élément de batterie et son procédé de fabrication, batterie et dispositif électrique WO2024086981A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2022/127083 WO2024086981A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Élément de batterie et son procédé de fabrication, batterie et dispositif électrique

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PCT/CN2022/127083 WO2024086981A1 (fr) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Élément de batterie et son procédé de fabrication, batterie et dispositif électrique

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002151055A (ja) * 2000-08-28 2002-05-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd リチウムイオン二次電池
JP2008066040A (ja) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-21 Sony Corp 電池およびその製造方法
CN104126242A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2014-10-29 株式会社Lg化学 锂二次电池用负极及包含该负极的锂二次电池
US20150349344A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 The Gillette Company Cathode for an electrochemical cell including at least one cathode additive
CN106910932A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-06-30 大连中比动力电池有限公司 一种锂离子电池及其制备方法
CN113348574A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2021-09-03 松下电器产业株式会社 层叠型二次电池
CN215771307U (zh) * 2021-06-30 2022-02-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 圆柱形电池
CN114142124A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-04 深圳市思商科技有限公司 具有多层膜散热结构的锂电池
CN114628861A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-14 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 叠片电池
CN218887269U (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-04-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002151055A (ja) * 2000-08-28 2002-05-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd リチウムイオン二次電池
JP2008066040A (ja) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-21 Sony Corp 電池およびその製造方法
CN104126242A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2014-10-29 株式会社Lg化学 锂二次电池用负极及包含该负极的锂二次电池
US20150349344A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 The Gillette Company Cathode for an electrochemical cell including at least one cathode additive
CN106910932A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-06-30 大连中比动力电池有限公司 一种锂离子电池及其制备方法
CN113348574A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2021-09-03 松下电器产业株式会社 层叠型二次电池
CN215771307U (zh) * 2021-06-30 2022-02-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 圆柱形电池
CN114142124A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-04 深圳市思商科技有限公司 具有多层膜散热结构的锂电池
CN114628861A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-14 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 叠片电池
CN218887269U (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-04-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

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