WO2024086500A1 - Procédé de traitement thermique de parties d'un article en acier et ensemble de formation d'un article en tôle d'acier - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique de parties d'un article en acier et ensemble de formation d'un article en tôle d'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024086500A1
WO2024086500A1 PCT/US2023/076917 US2023076917W WO2024086500A1 WO 2024086500 A1 WO2024086500 A1 WO 2024086500A1 US 2023076917 W US2023076917 W US 2023076917W WO 2024086500 A1 WO2024086500 A1 WO 2024086500A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
article
blank
steel
assembly
heating element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2023/076917
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vincent Millioto
Original Assignee
Martinrea International US Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US18/379,354 external-priority patent/US20240123482A1/en
Application filed by Martinrea International US Inc. filed Critical Martinrea International US Inc.
Publication of WO2024086500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024086500A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to enhancing forming of steel articles. More specifically, the present invention teaches a process and assembly for heat treating portions of a steel article prior to a stamping operation in order to enhance material properties of the stamping in order to increase formability and/or trim-ability.
  • AHSS Advanced High Strength Steels
  • Stretch flanges are particularly troublesome to form utilizing these new materials.
  • the higher strength and hardness associated with the newer high strength steels also are associated with the premature wear of the tooling edges used to trim the panel. The coupling of those issues can lead to production quality concerns that are challenging to resolve.
  • the method of forming a metallic article set forth in US 2012/0067100 to Stefansson et al., which teaches directly and/or indirectly inductively heating a localized region of a metallic article to a forming temperature.
  • the metallic article may include materials selected from titanium alloys, nickel-base alloys, and specialty steels, e.g., stainless steel, high-strength low-alloy steel, armor steel alloys, and the like.
  • the forming temperature may be in a forming temperature range of 0.2 to 0.5 of a melting temperature of the metallic article, which is then formed in the localized region.
  • the present invention discloses a process and assembly for heat treating portions of a steel article, such as an advanced high strength (AHSS) steel, which is also referenced in the relevant industry as third generation or Gen3 steel.
  • AHSS advanced high strength
  • the invention provides for positioning of heating elements at locations along a blank shaped steel article.
  • a suitable forming or stamping operation is employed to bend or reform the article with the heated zones defining bend axles or points within the article.
  • the heating elements are repositioned, such as against outer flange locations of the previously stamped article, following which a subsequent trimming or final fabricating step is employed to complete the article.
  • Figs. 1A and IB depict top and end views of an arrangement of heating elements positioned at specific locations underneath a steel sheet prior to a stamping operation;
  • Figs. 2A and 2B depict top and end views of edge heated zones resulting from the placement of the elements in Figs. 1 A and IB associated with the post-stamped sheet;
  • FIG. 3 A and 3B depict a further succeeding arrangement of heating elements arranged along opposite flange edges of the stamped sheet of Figs. 2A and 2B;
  • FIGs. 4A and 4B depict a final arrangement of relocated heated zones at the flange edges associated with a further trimming operation
  • Fig. 5A presents a graphical illustration of a heated steel blank in comparison to a conventional unheated blank prior to a stamping operation and which illustrates a reduction in the force required to form a stamping into a desired shape;
  • FIG. 5B presents a succeeding graphical illustration to that shown in Fig. 5A recalibrated for depicting identical press tonnages applied to each of the conventional and hybrid blanks;
  • FIGs. 6A and 6B provide respective illustrations of both unheated and heated samples of a steel blank and which creates a tempered Martensite and Ferrite microstructure which is both finer and stronger in the final formed product, and with a greater number of martensitic plates evidenced in the heated sample of Fig. 6B;
  • Fig. 7 is a tabular presentation of each of mean diagonal length, force and hardness comparing each of the un-heated and heated samples of Figs. 6A and 6B;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration comparing the increase in measured quality of both a heated and conventional blank of a Gen3 980 material pressed with a high press tonnage and high nitrogen pad pressure;
  • Fig. 9 is an illustration of a stamped article produced by the hybrid stamping process according to the present invention, and presented in side by side comparison with a cold stamped and fabricated part.
  • the present invention discloses a process and assembly for heat treating portions of a steel article, such as in particular advanced high strength steels, order to enhance the material properties of an associated stamping process, this in order to increase formability, flange-ability and/or trim-ability.
  • a steel article such as in particular advanced high strength steels
  • the AHSS material is strategically heated in order to provide for tighter bend radii, and as compared to cold deformation of the steel in order to avoid instances of edge cracking or splitting inside of the trim line of the article.
  • the present invention envisions the strategic application of thermal energy, such as in the placement of heating elements, in order to pre-heat locations of the steel blank (typically a flattened AHSS sheet) prior to a stamping operation, this followed by subsequent targeted heating steps associated with any downstream trimming or bending operation for producing a finished part, which can be achieved closer to a desired shape than is often otherwise attainable.
  • thermal energy such as in the placement of heating elements
  • FIGs. 1 A and IB depicted are top and end views of an arrangement of heating elements, see at 10 and 12 positioned at specific locations underneath a steel sheet or blank 14, prior to a stamping operation.
  • the heating elements can be of any known type or construction and can include, without limitation, any of direct heating or other inductive heating elements for introducing a current to flow in a material by exposing it to an alternating magnetic field.
  • the alternating magnetic field is typically in the kHz range and is created using a resonating coil, resulting in heat being generated through resistance losses, as well as hysteresis losses in ferromagnetic materials like iron.
  • a typical stamping operation (not shown) is employed in order to bend or reform the blank into a three dimensional cross sectional shape 14’ depicted in Figs. 2A and 2B (including each of a base surface 15 and outer angled flange surfaces 16/19) as each of top and end views of the post-stamped sheet.
  • the bend locations associated with the stamping process align with the edge heated zones depicted at 16 and 18, resulting from the placement of the elements 10 and 12 in Figs. 1A and IB associated with the post-stamped sheet.
  • FIGs. 3A and 3B depicted are a further succeeding arrangement of heating elements, see at 20 and 22, arranged along opposite flange edges of the stamped sheet 14’ of Figs. 2A and 2B, and in order to execute a succeeding or second heating operation following the initial stamping operation performed on the steel sheet or blank.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B depict a final arrangement of relocated heated zones (24 and 26) at the flange edges of the previously stamped and reheated sheet, this associated with a further trimming operation in order to produce the completed article as depicted at 14”.
  • Figure 5A presented is a graphical illustration, generally at 28 of a heated steel blank 30, this shown in comparison to a conventional unheated blank 32 prior to conducting the stamping operations previously described.
  • Figure 5A depicts each of Force (kN) 34 and deformation distance of Bottom (mm) 36, these both plotted relative to shifted time (sec) 38, and which illustrates a reduction in the force required to form a stamping into a desired shape.
  • the depiction illustrates a significant reduction in required bending forces (kN) over shifted time (sec) for the heated blank 30, such as at the point of introduction of load cells (at 40), and in comparison to the conventional blank 32.
  • Figure 5B presents a succeeding graphical illustration, generally at 42, to that shown in Fig. 5A, which includes the same representations recalibrated for depicting identical press tonnages, further at 44, applied to each of the conventional and hybrid blanks;
  • Figure 7 provides a tabular presentation of each of mean diagonal length, force and hardness (measured in Vickers hardness) comparing each of the un-heated 46 and heated 48 samples of Figs. 6A and 6B.
  • sample Vickers hardness average for the heated sample was 374 HK, as compared to 307 HK for the unheated sample.
  • Figure 8 presents, as generally shown at 50, a schematic illustration comparing both the heated 48 and room temperature (unheated) 46 blanks of a Gen3 steel.
  • Fig. 9 is an illustration of a stamped article, see at 52, produced by the hybrid stamping process according to the present invention, and which are presented in side by side comparison with a cold stamped and fabricated part 54, the latter depicting undesirable edge cracking or splitting inside of the trim line (further at 56).
  • joinder references e.g., attached, affixed, coupled, connected, and the like
  • joinder references are only used to aid the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and may not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of the systems and/or methods disclosed herein. Therefore, joinder references, if any, are to be construed broadly. Moreover, such joinder references do not necessarily infer that two elements are directly connected to each other.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un ensemble de traitement thermique de parties d'un article en acier, tel qu'un acier avancé à haute résistance (AHSS). Selon une opération initiale, l'invention concerne le positionnement d'éléments chauffants à des emplacements le long, par exemple, d'un article en acier en forme d'ébauche. Après un chauffage initial, une opération de formage ou d'estampage appropriée est utilisée pour plier ou reformer l'article, les zones chauffées délimitant les axes de courbure ou des points à l'intérieur de l'article. Après les opérations de chauffage et de pliage/estampage initiales, les éléments chauffants peuvent être ajoutés, par exemple contre des emplacements de bride externe de l'article estampé précédemment, après quoi une étape ultérieure d'ébarbage ou de fabrication finale est utilisée pour achever l'article.
PCT/US2023/076917 2022-10-18 2023-10-13 Procédé de traitement thermique de parties d'un article en acier et ensemble de formation d'un article en tôle d'acier WO2024086500A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202263417126P 2022-10-18 2022-10-18
US63/417,126 2022-10-18
US18/379,354 US20240123482A1 (en) 2022-10-18 2023-10-12 Hybrid stamping process incorporating traditional cold stamping with selective thermal forming/flanging/trimming operations
US18/379,354 2023-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024086500A1 true WO2024086500A1 (fr) 2024-04-25

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007017579A1 (fr) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-15 Thyssenkrupp Sofedit Fabrication d'une piece metallique par emboutissage a chaud et piece obtenue
US20100086803A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-04-08 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Hot-formed profile
US20120060982A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2012-03-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method of producing press-hardened structural parts
US20120067100A1 (en) 2010-09-20 2012-03-22 Ati Properties, Inc. Elevated Temperature Forming Methods for Metallic Materials
US20130105046A1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC System and method for generating a welded assembly
KR20150090343A (ko) * 2014-01-28 2015-08-06 자동차부품연구원 연속 성형장치
US20170182918A1 (en) * 2014-05-23 2017-06-29 Johnson Controls Technology Company In-process laser hardening/forming of vehicle seat structures and components
US20180274052A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Rapid local annealing of high strength steel
US20190126337A1 (en) * 2017-10-26 2019-05-02 Ford Motor Company Warm die trimming in hot forming applications
US10618094B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2020-04-14 Autotech Engineering S.L. Press systems and methods
CN113976683A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-28 重庆大学 在线局部接触加热的高强钢板温折弯成形装置与方法

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007017579A1 (fr) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-15 Thyssenkrupp Sofedit Fabrication d'une piece metallique par emboutissage a chaud et piece obtenue
US20100086803A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-04-08 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Hot-formed profile
US20120060982A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2012-03-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method of producing press-hardened structural parts
US20120067100A1 (en) 2010-09-20 2012-03-22 Ati Properties, Inc. Elevated Temperature Forming Methods for Metallic Materials
US20130105046A1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC System and method for generating a welded assembly
KR20150090343A (ko) * 2014-01-28 2015-08-06 자동차부품연구원 연속 성형장치
US20170182918A1 (en) * 2014-05-23 2017-06-29 Johnson Controls Technology Company In-process laser hardening/forming of vehicle seat structures and components
US10618094B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2020-04-14 Autotech Engineering S.L. Press systems and methods
US20180274052A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Rapid local annealing of high strength steel
US20190126337A1 (en) * 2017-10-26 2019-05-02 Ford Motor Company Warm die trimming in hot forming applications
CN113976683A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-28 重庆大学 在线局部接触加热的高强钢板温折弯成形装置与方法

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