WO2024082654A1 - 具有parp1抑制活性的化合物及其用途 - Google Patents
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- WO2024082654A1 WO2024082654A1 PCT/CN2023/099434 CN2023099434W WO2024082654A1 WO 2024082654 A1 WO2024082654 A1 WO 2024082654A1 CN 2023099434 W CN2023099434 W CN 2023099434W WO 2024082654 A1 WO2024082654 A1 WO 2024082654A1
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- RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(Cl)=O RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DATRVIMZZZVHMP-QMMMGPOBSA-N tert-butyl (2s)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C[C@H]1CNCCN1C(=O)OC(C)(C)C DATRVIMZZZVHMP-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMLPQHJYUZTHQS-QMMMGPOBSA-N tert-butyl (3s)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C[C@H]1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCN1 FMLPQHJYUZTHQS-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRQQKXKZFWWVFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoro-6-methoxycarbonylpyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1=NC(=CC=C1N1CCN(CC1)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(=O)OC VRQQKXKZFWWVFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAFZQFAZLGFUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-[2-fluoro-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1=NC(=CC=C1N1CCN(CC1)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(NC)=O CAFZQFAZLGFUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGKQAVODTQZKAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-[2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl]piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1=NC(=CC=C1N1CCN(CC1)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(NC)=O MGKQAVODTQZKAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- PIILXFBHQILWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC PIILXFBHQILWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/498—Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- and peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinoxaline, phenazine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
- A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a class of compounds capable of inhibiting poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) activity and uses thereof, and in particular to a class of quinolone compounds, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds, and uses thereof in drugs for treating diseases improved by inhibiting PARP1, in particular tumor diseases.
- PARP1 poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1
- PARPs Poly ADP-ribose polymerases
- PARPs are an emerging enzyme family that has the ability to catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose to target proteins (poly ADP-ribosylation).
- At least 18 PARP family members are encoded by different genes and share homology in the conserved catalytic domain (Morales et al, Critical Reviews TM in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 24.1, 2014).
- PARP1 is the full name of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, which is a poly ADP ribose polymerase 1.
- PARP1 is an abundant nuclear protein (Murai et al, Cancer research 72.21, 2012).
- PARP1 can catalyze the transfer of ADP ribose residues from NAD+ to target substrate proteins or nucleic acids, construct a poly ADP ribose (poly (ADP-ribose), PAR) chain and add it to downstream target proteins. This post-translational modification is called PARylation.
- PARPs play an important role in several cellular processes including cell proliferation and cell death (Murai et al, Cancer research 72.21, 2012). The main function of PARP is to participate in DNA damage repair. DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) are the most common type of damage, which can be converted into potentially disruptive and lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).
- SSBs DNA single-strand breaks
- PARP1 binds to damaged DNA at single-strand DNA breaks (SSBs) and other DNA damage sites. This event causes a series of conformational changes in the structure of PARP1, thereby activating its catalytic function (Lord et al, Science 355.6330, 2017).
- BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are essential for the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) through a process called homologous recombination repair (HRR), a form of DNA repair that uses homologous DNA sequences to guide repair at DSBs (Lord et al, Science 355.6330, 2017).
- HRR homologous recombination repair
- NHEJ non-homologous end joining
- PARP inhibitors work by blocking DNA damage repair in highly mutated cancer cells, resulting in "toxic damage” that causes cell death due to homologous recombination repair (HRR) deficiency.
- HRR homologous recombination repair
- PARP2 content is low, accounting for only 5% to 10% of total PARP activity.
- the present invention relates to a compound represented by general formula (I), or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, crystal form, solvate, hydrate or prodrug thereof.
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently selected from N, C(H), and C(OCH 3 );
- X 3 is selected from N and CR 10 , wherein R 10 is hydrogen or halogen; preferably, R 10 is hydrogen or fluorine;
- R1 is hydrogen, C1 - C6 alkoxy, C1 - C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, or C3 - C6 cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen; preferably hydrogen, C1 - C4 alkoxy, C1 - C4 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, or C3 - C6 cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen; more preferably hydrogen, C1 - C2 alkoxy, C1 - C4 alkyl, C3 - C6 cycloalkyl, or C1 - C4 fluoroalkyl; further preferably hydrogen, methoxy, methyl, ethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl;
- R 2 is hydrogen, halogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; preferably hydrogen, halogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; more preferably hydrogen or fluorine;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 4' , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 8 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or halogen-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl; preferably, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted or halogen-substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl; more preferably, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl and C 1 -C 4 fluoroalkyl;
- R 9 is hydrogen, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; preferably hydrogen, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; more preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- n 1 or 2; preferably 1;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 4′ , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are not hydrogen at the same time;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 4′ , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are not hydrogen at the same time;
- R 3 is H and X 3 is C(H)
- R 2 is F
- R 4 , R 4′ , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are not hydrogen at the same time
- the compounds do not include the following:
- R 3 , R 4 , R 4′ , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 are not hydrogen at the same time.
- X3 is N, and the other substituents are as described above.
- X 3 is CR 10
- R 10 is hydrogen or halogen, and other substituents are as described above. More preferably, R 10 is H, F or Cl.
- X 1 is selected from N, C(H), C(OCH 3 ); other substituents are as described above. More preferably, X 1 is selected from N and C(H).
- X2 is N or C(H); other substituents are as described above.
- X 2 is C(H) or C(OCH 3 ); other substituents are as described above.
- X2 is C(H); other substituents are as described above.
- R2 is hydrogen, F, Cl or C1 - C4 alkyl; other substituents are as described above. More preferably, R2 is hydrogen, F or methyl; more preferably, R2 is F.
- R 2 is F
- X 2 is C(H); and the other substituents are as described above.
- X1 is selected from N, C(H) and C( OCH3 );
- X2 is selected from C(H) and C( OCH3 );
- X3 is N, R2 is hydrogen or F, and other substituents are as described above.
- X2 is selected from C(H).
- the part is selected from the following structures:
- the present invention relates to a compound represented by general formula (II), or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, crystal form, solvate, hydrate or prodrug thereof.
- R2 is hydrogen, F, Cl or C1 - C4 alkyl; more preferably, R2 is hydrogen, F or methyl. Further preferably, R2 is F.
- R 8 is selected from hydrogen and halogen, more preferably, R 8 is selected from hydrogen, F, Cl.
- the compound represented by (I) has a structure represented by formula (I-1) to formula (I-8) or a racemic form thereof:
- the compound of formula (I) or (II) is selected from the following specific compounds:
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a stereoisomer, geometric isomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, crystalline form, solvate, hydrate or prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intravenous administration, intramuscular administration, oral administration, rectal administration, inhalation administration, nasal administration, topical administration, eye administration or ear administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition is a tablet, a pill, a capsule, a liquid, an inhalant, a nasal spray solution, a suppository, a solution, an emulsion, an ointment, an eye drop or an ear drop.
- it also comprises one or more additional therapeutic agents.
- the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or its stereoisomers, geometric isomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, crystal forms, solvates, hydrates or prodrugs, or the use of the pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a medicament for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases by inhibiting PARP1.
- the present invention provides a method for preventing, treating or ameliorating a disease by inhibiting PARP1, which comprises administering to an individual in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or its stereoisomers, geometric isomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, crystal forms, solvates, hydrates or prodrugs, or the pharmaceutical composition.
- the disease includes but is not limited to cancer.
- the genome of the cancer is of a type deficient in homologous recombination repair.
- the cancer is dependent on a pathway that is deficient in homologous recombination repair of double-stranded DNA damage.
- the cancer comprises one or more cancer cells that lack the ability to repair DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination relative to normal cells.
- the cancer comprises one or more cancer cells that lack BRCA1 or BRCA2 or have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
- the cancer includes but is not limited to malignant tumors, such as ovarian cancer, breast cancer, Any of fallopian tube cancer, endometrial cancer, peritoneal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, biliary tract cancer, osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, head and neck tumors, germ cell and embryonal cancers, esophageal cancer, malignant glioma, Ewing sarcoma, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, bile duct cancer, prostate cancer, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma and blood cancer.
- malignant tumors such as ovarian cancer, breast cancer, Any of fallopian tube cancer, endometrial cancer, peritoneal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, biliary tract cancer, osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, head and neck tumors, germ cell and embryonal cancers, esophageal cancer, malignant glioma, Ewing s
- halogen refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- substitution pattern means that the subsequently described substitution pattern, event or situation may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the substitution pattern occurs as well as instances where the substitution pattern does not occur.
- “optionally substituted alkyl” includes “unsubstituted alkyl” and “substituted alkyl” as defined herein. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that for any group containing one or more substituents, the group does not include any sterically impractical, chemically incorrect, synthetically infeasible and/or inherently unstable substitution patterns.
- the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt that retains the biological effects and properties of the compounds of the present invention, and the salt is not biologically or otherwise undesirable.
- Non-limiting examples of the salt include non-toxic, inorganic or organic base or acid addition salts of the compounds of the present invention. In many cases, due to the presence of amino and/or carboxyl groups or groups similar thereto, the compounds of the present invention are able to form acid salts and/or base salts.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts can be formed with inorganic and organic acids. Inorganic acids from which salts can be derived include, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, etc.
- Organic acids from which salts can be derived include, for example, acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, etc.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts can be formed with inorganic and organic bases.
- Inorganic bases from which salts can be derived include, for example, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminum, and the like; ammonium, potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium salts are particularly preferred.
- Organic bases from which salts can be derived include, for example, primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines (including naturally occurring substituted amines), cyclic amines, basic ion exchange resins, and the like, particularly, for example, isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, and ethanolamine.
- salts of the present invention can be synthesized from parent compounds (basic or acidic moieties) by conventional chemical methods.
- the salts can be prepared as follows: reacting the free acid form of the compound with a stoichiometric amount of an appropriate base (e.g., hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, etc. of Na, Ca, Mg, or K) or reacting the free base form of the compound with a stoichiometric amount of an appropriate acid.
- an appropriate base e.g., hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, etc. of Na, Ca, Mg, or K
- Such reactions are typically carried out in water or an organic solvent or a mixed solvent of the two.
- non-aqueous media such as ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred when feasible.
- Other suitable salts may be found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa.
- the term "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, surfactants, antioxidants, preservatives (e.g., antibacterial agents, antifungal agents), isotonic agents, absorption delaying agents, salts, preservatives, drugs, drug stabilizers, binders, excipients, disintegrants, lubricants, sweeteners, flavoring agents, dyes, the like, and combinations thereof, which are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art (see, e.g., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th ed., Mack Printing Company, 1990, pp. 1289-1329, incorporated herein by reference). Unless any conventional carrier is incompatible with the active ingredient, it may be considered for use in the therapeutic or pharmaceutical composition.
- solvate is intended to include stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric solvent addition forms. If the solvent is water, the solvate formed is a hydrate, and when the solvent is ethanol, the solvate formed is an ethanolate. Hydrates are formed by one or more molecules of water with one molecule of the substance, wherein the water retains its molecular state of H 2 O, and such a combination can form one or more hydrates, such as hemihydrates, monohydrates and dihydrates.
- prodrug refers to a chemically modified active or inactive compound, which, after administration to an individual, undergoes physiological effects in the body (e.g., hydrolysis, neogenesis, etc.) to become a compound of the present invention.
- physiological effects in the body e.g., hydrolysis, neogenesis, etc.
- the adaptability and technology of making and using prodrugs are well known to those skilled in the art.
- terapéuticaally effective amount of the compound of the present invention refers to an amount of the compound of the present invention that can induce a biological or medical response in an individual or improve symptoms, slow down or delay disease progression, or prevent disease, etc.
- the term "subject" refers to an animal.
- the animal is a mammal.
- the subject particularly refers to, for example, primates (e.g., humans), cows, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, mice, fish, birds, etc.
- the subject is a human.
- the term “inhibit” refers to a reduction or suppression of a particular condition, symptom or disorder or disease, or a significant decrease in the baseline activity of a biological activity or process.
- the term “treating" any disease or condition refers to ameliorating the disease or condition (i.e., arresting or slowing the development of the disease or at least one of its clinical symptoms). In another embodiment, “treating” refers to improving at least one physical parameter, which may not be perceived by the patient. In another embodiment, “treating” refers to modulating the disease or condition physically (e.g., stabilizing a perceptible symptom) or physiologically (e.g., stabilizing a physical parameter), or both.
- the main advantages of the present invention are that the compound of the present invention has high selectivity for PARP1, has fewer side effects than olaparib (AZD-2281), and has high clinical application value.
- experimental materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.
- the raw materials can usually be obtained from commercial sources or easily prepared using methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the experimental instrument description (for example, 1 H NMR was performed by Varian Mercury-300 or Varian Mercury-400) The chemical shifts were expressed in ⁇ (ppm).
- the mass spectra were recorded by Finnigan/MAT-95 (EI) and Finnigan LCQ/DECA and Micromass Ultra Q-TOF (ESI) mass spectrometers.
- the silica gel used for reverse phase preparative HPLC separation was 200-300 mesh).
- Step 1 Synthesis of (4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)alanine ethyl ester
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 3a, except that replace 1a'-4 is obtained by using 2-aminobutyric acid methyl ester hydrochloride instead of alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride as the starting material in step 1 of the preparation of intermediate 1a.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 296.9 [MH] - ; RT 1.574 (3.00 min).
- Step 4 Synthesis of methyl 3-ethyl-8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-7-carboxylate
- Step 6 Synthesis of methyl (3-ethyl-8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-7-yl)methanesulfonate
- Step 3 Synthesis of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2-fluoro-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 6a, except that step 1 is not performed, and 6a-1 is directly used instead of 6a-2 in step 2 to start the synthesis from step 2.
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 6a, except that step 1 is not performed, 6a-1 is directly used instead of 6a-2 in step 2, and 4-Boc piperazine is used instead of (R)-4-Boc-2-methylpiperazine to start the synthesis from step 2 (please confirm whether it is correct).
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 221.2 [M+H] + ; RT 0.285 min (6.00 min).
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 6a, except that step 1 is not performed, 6a-1 is directly used instead of 6a-2 in step 2, and (S)-4-Boc-2-methylpiperazine is used instead of (R)-4-Boc-2-methylpiperazine to start the synthesis from step 2.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 235.2 [M+H] + ; RT 0.307 min (3.00 min).
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 6a, except that step 1 is not performed, 6a-1 is directly used instead of 6a-2 in step 2, and tert-butyl-(S)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate is used instead of (R)-4-Boc-2-methylpiperazine to start the synthesis from step 2.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 235.2 [M+H] + ; RT 0.81 min (3.00 min).
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 6a, except that step 1 is not performed, and 6a-1 is directly used instead of 6a-2 in step 2, and tert-butyl-(R)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate is used instead of (R)-4-Boc-2-methylpiperazine to start the synthesis from step 2.
- Step 1 Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoro-6-(methoxycarbonyl)pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
- Step 3 Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-(2-fluoro-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 3a, except that replace As the starting material, 14a-4 is obtained by using 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene instead of 1a-1 as the starting material in step 1 of the preparation of intermediate 1a.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 267.0 [M+H] + ; RT 1.327 min (2.50 min).
- the synthesis method refers to the synthesis of intermediate 3a, except that replace As the starting material, 15a-4 is obtained by using 4-bromo-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene instead of 1a-1 and using 2-aminobutyric acid methyl ester hydrochloride instead of alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride as the starting material in step 1 of preparing intermediate 1a.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 296.9 [MH] - ; RT 1.574 min (2.50 min).
- Step 2 Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-(2-chloro-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
- 17a-1 500 mg, 2.54 mmol
- methanol (6 mL) 6 mL
- water (3 mL) and sodium hydroxide 507 mg, 12.69 mmol
- the mixture was reacted at 70°C for 1 hour.
- the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- LCMS (ESI): m/z 218.0 [M+H] + ; RT 1.208 min (2.50 min).
- Step 3 Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-(2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
- Step 1 Synthesis of 7-acetyl-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 2 Synthesis of 3-ethyl-8-fluoro-7-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 3 Synthesis of 7-(1-bromoethyl)-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 4 Synthesis of 5-(4-(1-(3-ethyl-8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-7-yl)ethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-fluoro-N-methylpicolinamide
- Step 2 Synthesis of 8-fluoro-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester
- Step 4 Synthesis of (8-fluoro-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-7-yl)methyl methanesulfonate
- Step 5 Synthesis of 6-fluoro-5-(4-((8-fluoro-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-7-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylpicolinamide
- Step 2 Synthesis of 7-chloro-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-3,4-dihydropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one
- Step 5 Synthesis of 7-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-ethyl-8-fluoropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one
- Step 6 Synthesis of compound 3-ethyl-8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine-7-aldehyde
- Step 7 5-(4-((3-ethyl-8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-fluoro-N-methylpicolinamide
- intermediate 12 was replaced with the intermediates in the following table to synthesize compounds 41 and 42.
- the structural formulas of the compounds in each example are shown in the previous table.
- Step 2 Synthesis of methyl 4-amino-6-chloro-5-fluoronicotinate
- Step 4 Synthesis of 6-chloro-5-fluoro-4-(N-(4-methoxybenzyl)butyramido)nicotinate (
- Step 5 7-Chloro-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 6 7-Chloro-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-methoxy-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 7 Synthesis of 7-chloro-3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-methoxy-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 8 Synthesis of 3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-methoxy-7-vinyl-1,6-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one
- Step 9 Synthesis of 3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-methoxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-7-aldehyde
- Step 10 Synthesis of 5-(4-((3-ethyl-8-fluoro-4-methoxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-7-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-fluoro-N-methylpicolinamide
- the above compounds can be obtained as stereoisomers by conventional chiral resolution methods.
- the PARP1/2 inhibitory activity of the disclosed compounds was tested in an assay using histones as substrates.
- Recombinant human PARP1 protein (Abcam, cat. ab279663); Recombinant human PARP2 protein (BPS, cat. 80502); Recombinant histone H1 (Active Motif, cat. 81126); NAD+, Biotin-Labeled (BPS, cat. 80610); SuperBlock (TBS) Blocking Buffer (Thermo Scientific TM , cat. 37535); Streptavidin (HRP) (Abcam, cat. ab7403); Peroxidase Chemiluminescent Substrate Kit (Seracare, cat. 5430-0040); 20xPBS (CST, cat. 9808S); 20xPBST (CST, cat. 9809S); AZD2281 (Selleck, cat. S1060)
- Compound preparation dilute the compound with DMSO to a solution with a final concentration of 1000 times in a 384-well plate for later use.
- Inhibition rate % (maximum signal - compound signal) / (maximum signal - minimum signal) ⁇ 100, where "minimum signal” is the mean of the negative control wells, and “maximum signal” is the mean of the positive control wells.
- Fitting dose-effect curve With the log value of concentration as the X-axis and the percentage inhibition rate as the Y-axis, the log (inhibitor) vs. response-variable slope of the analysis software GraphPadPrism5 was used to fit the dose-effect curve, thereby obtaining the IC50 value of the inhibition of the enzyme activity by the disclosed compound.
- Human breast cancer MDA-MB-436 (purchased from ATCC) cells were cultured in DMEM medium (supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% double antibody) at 37°C and 5% carbon dioxide. Cells in the logarithmic growth phase were taken, digested and a certain concentration of cell suspension was prepared. The cell suspension was inoculated into a 96-well plate, 100 ⁇ L of cell suspension was added to each well of the 96-well plate, and different concentrations of compounds were added after incubation overnight. The plates were placed in a cell culture incubator and incubated for 7 days.
- the experimental results show that the compound of the present invention has significant proliferation inhibition activity on MDA-MB-436 cells.
- mice Take healthy ICR mice and administer the test compound by intravenous injection (1 mg/kg) and oral gavage (5 mg/kg). For each administration route, 9 male mice, weighing 30-35 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups, 3 mice in each group.
- the animals were fasted for 12 hours before the experiment and allowed to drink water freely. They were fed 4 hours after the administration.
- Intravenous and oral administration 0.25h, 0.5h, 1.0h, 2.0h, 3.0h, 4.0h, 6.0h, 8.0h and 24h after administration.
- Plasma collection and processing 30-40 ⁇ L of venous blood was collected from the mouse retroorbital venous plexus at the above set time points, placed in an EDTA-K2 test tube, centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes, and plasma was separated and frozen in a -20°C refrigerator.
- the concentration of the compound in mouse plasma was determined by LC/MS/MS.
- the pharmacokinetic parameters after administration were calculated using the non-compartmental model using Phoenix 8.3 software (Pharsight, USA).
- the experimental results show that the pharmacokinetics of the compound of the present invention after oral administration to mice exhibits a longer half-life T 1/2 and a higher in vivo exposure AUC 0-t .
- Example 4 Evaluation of bidirectional permeability using MDR1-MDCKII cell model
- MDR1-MDCKII cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a concentration of 3.3x10 5 cells/mL and grown for 4-7 days to form a monolayer of confluent cells.
- the test compound was added to the dosing end wells on the apical side or basolateral side of the monolayer cells at a concentration of 2 ⁇ M and incubated at 37.0°C in an incubator with 5.0% CO 2 for 2.5 hours.
- the integrity of the cell monolayer was determined by the fluorescein exclusion assay.
- the buffer was removed from the apical side and basolateral side, and the concentration of the test compound was determined using LC-MS/MS.
- the experimental results show that the compound of the present invention has higher cell permeability and lower efflux rate in MDR1-MDCKII cells.
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Abstract
公开了具有聚ADP-核糖聚合酶抑制活性的化合物、其药物组合物和用途。尤其涉及式(I)化合物,并且还涉及包含这些化合物的药物组合物以及这些化合物用于制备预防和/或治疗疾病的药物中的用途,特别是通过抑制PARP1而改善的疾病。
Description
本发明涉及一类具有抑制聚ADP-核糖聚合酶1(PARP1)活性的化合物及其用途,具体涉及一类喹诺酮化合物,包含所述化合物的药物组合物,以及通过抑制PARP1而改善的疾病,特别是肿瘤疾病的药物中的用途。
聚ADP-核糖聚合酶(PARPs)是一个新兴的酶家族,具有催化ADP-核糖转移到靶蛋白(聚ADP-核糖化)的能力,至少有18个PARP家族成员被编码不同的基因,在保守的催化域共享同源性(Morales et al,Critical ReviewsTM in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 24.1,2014)。PARP1全称为poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1,即多聚ADP核糖聚合酶1,PARP1是一种丰富的核蛋白(Murai et al,Cancer research 72.21,2012)。PARP1能够催化ADP核糖残基从NAD+转移到目标底物蛋白或者核酸上,构建一个多聚ADP核糖(poly(ADP-ribose),PAR)链添加至下游靶蛋白,这种翻译后修饰,称为PAR基化(PARylation)。PARPs在包括细胞增殖和细胞死亡在内的几个细胞过程中具有重要作用(Murai et al,Cancer research 72.21,2012)。PARP的主要的功能是参与DNA的损伤修复,DNA单链断裂(SSBs)是最常见的损伤类型,可转化为潜在的致裂性和致命性DNA双链断裂(DSBs),PARP1在单链DNA断裂(SSBs)和其他DNA损伤处与受损的DNA结合,该事件导致PARP1的结构发生一系列变构变化,从而激活其催化功能(Lord et al,Science 355.6330,2017)。
BRCA1和BRCA2蛋白对双链DNA断裂(DSB)的修复至关重要,其修复过程被称为同源重组修复(HRR),这是一种利用同源DNA序列在DSB处引导修复的DNA修复形式(Lord et al,Science 355.6330,2017)。HRR通常是一种“保守”机制,因为它恢复了DNA损伤部位的原始DNA序列。当细胞出现HRR缺陷时,无论是由BRCA1、BRCA2或其他途径成分的缺陷驱动,非保守形式的DNA修复占主导地位,如非同源末端连接(NHEJ)。
PARP抑制剂通过阻断高度突变的癌细胞中的DNA损伤修复,从而导致“毒性损伤”使同源重组修复(HRR)缺失的细胞死亡,发挥抗癌作用。健康细胞内存在多条修复DNA的信号通路,因此仅抑制PARP对其毒性不会太大;但对于某些肿瘤细胞,由于BRCA等特定基因突变会破坏其它DNA修复通路,DNA修复途径将依赖于PARP-1,因此会对PARP抑制剂格外敏感,这也是携带BRCA突变的卵巢癌和乳腺癌患者更容易获益于PARP抑制剂的原因。PARP2含量较低,仅占总PARP活性的5%~10%。敲除PARP1,相比于敲除PARP2(<10%)可明显降低PARP活性(Yélamos et al,The EMBO journal 25.18,
2006),敲除PARP1阻断了奥拉帕尼(Olaparib)的对PARP的抑制活性,也消除了奥拉帕尼(Olaparib)的细胞增殖抑制作用(Murai et al,Cancer research,2012)。这些数据表明,PARP的关键是决定PARPi疗效的PARP1。有相应的文献报道,小鼠存活需要骨髓中完整的PARP2;PARP2的缺失导致RBC、WBC和BM细胞数量减少(Farrés et al,Blood,The Journal of the American Society of Hematology 122.1,2013);与敲除PARP1相比,敲除PARP2可以减少T细胞和RBC的数量,而敲除PARP1则不会对T细胞(Yélamos et al,Blood,The EMBO journal 25.18,2006)和RBC的数量产生明显的影响(Farrés et al,Cell Death & Differentiation 22.7,2015)。因此,PARP1的抑制是药效的主要来源,PARP2的抑制是毒性的主要来源。开发出高选择性的PARP1/2抑制剂,在不明显降低药效前提下,可能会明显地降低PARP2所产生的毒性。
综上所述,本领域尚迫切需要研发出有效性高且安全性好的PARP抑制剂,特别是对PARP1具有高选择性的抑制剂。
发明内容
本发明涉及如通式(I)所示的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,
其中,
X1、X2各自独立地选自N和C(H)、C(OCH3);
X3选自N和CR10,其中R10是氢或卤素;优选地,R10是氢或氟;
R1为氢、C1-C6烷氧基、无取代或被卤素取代的C1-C6烷基、或无取代或被卤素取代的C3-C6环烷基;优选为氢、C1-C4烷氧基、无取代或被卤素取代的C1-C4烷基、或无取代或被卤素取代的C3-C6环烷基;更优选为氢、C1-C2烷氧基、C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基、或C1-C4氟代烷基;进一步优选为氢、甲氧基、甲基、乙基、1-氟乙基、二氟甲基或三氟甲基;
R2是氢、卤素或C1-C6烷基;优选为氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;更优选为氢或氟;
R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7各自独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基;优选为氢或C1-C4烷基;
R8选自氢、卤素、无取代或卤素取代的C1-C6烷基;优选地,R8选自氢、卤素、无取代或卤素取代的C1-C4烷基;更优选地,R8选自氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基和C1-C4氟代烷基;
R9是氢、C3-C6环烷基或C1-C6烷基;优选是氢、C3-C6环烷基或C1-C4烷基;更优选是氢或C1-C4烷基;
m是1或2;优选为1;
条件是:
当X1是N,且X2和X3是C(H)时,则R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢;
当R2是H时,则R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢;以及
当R3为H且X3是C(H)时,则R2为F,且R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢,
所述化合物不包括以下化合物:
优选地,条件是R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢。
在一个优选实施方案中,X3为N,其他取代基如前所述。
在一个优选实施方案中,X3为CR10,R10是氢或卤素,其他取代基如前所述。更优选地,R10是H、F或Cl。
在一个优选实施方案中,X1选自N和C(H)、C(OCH3);其他取代基如前所述。更优选地,X1选自N和C(H)。
在一个优选实施方案中,X2为N或C(H);其他取代基如前所述。
在一个优选实施方案中,X2为C(H)或C(OCH3);其他取代基如前所述。
在一个优选实施方案中,X2为C(H);其他取代基如前所述。
在一个优选实施方案中,R2是氢、F、Cl或C1-C4烷基;其他取代基如前所述。更优选地,R2是氢、F或甲基;更优选地,R2是F。
在一个优选实施方案中,R2是F,X2为C(H);其他取代基如前所述。
在一个优选实施方案中,X1选自N、C(H)和C(OCH3);X2选自C(H)和C(OCH3);X3为N,R2是氢或F,其他取代基如前所述。优选地,X2选自C(H)。
优选地,式(I)结构中部分选自如下结构:
进一步优选地,选自
更优选地,选自
本发明涉及如通式(II)所示的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,
优选地,(I)或(II)所示的化合物中,R2是氢、F、Cl或C1-C4烷基;更优选地,R2是氢、F或甲基。进一步优选地,R2是F。
在一个优选实施方案中,(I)或(II)所示的化合物中,R8选自氢和卤素,更优选地,R8选自氢、F、Cl。
优选地,(I)所示的化合物具有式(I-1)至式(I-8)所示的结构或其消旋体:
更优选地,式(I)或(II)所述化合物选自如下具体化合物:
另一方面,本发明提供了药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的式(I)化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,以及药学上可接受的载体。
在所述药物组合物的某些实施方案中,药物组合物被配制用于静脉内施用、肌内施用、口服施用、直肠施用、吸入施用、鼻施用、局部施用、眼睛施用或耳施用。在所述药物组合物的其它实施方案中,药物组合物是片剂、丸剂、胶囊、液体剂、吸入剂、鼻喷雾溶液剂、栓剂、溶液剂、乳剂、软膏剂、滴眼剂或滴耳剂。在所述药物组合物的其它实施方案中,其还包含一种或多种另外的治疗剂。
另一方面,本发明提供了式(I)化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,或所述的药物组合物在制备用于预防、治疗或通过抑制PARP1而改善的疾病的药物中的用途。
另一方面,本发明提供了预防、治疗或通过抑制PARP1而改善疾病的方法,该方法包括向有此类治疗需要的个体施用有效量的式(I)化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药或者所述的药物组合物。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述疾病包括但不限于癌症。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述癌症的基因组是同源重组修复缺失的类型。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述癌症依赖于DNA双链损伤而同源重组修复缺失的途径。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述癌症包含一种或多种癌细胞,所述癌细胞相对于正常细胞缺乏通过同源重组修复DNA双链断裂的能力。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述癌症包含一种或多种癌细胞,所述癌细胞缺乏BRCA1或BRCA2,或者具有BRCA1或BRCA2突变的类型。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述癌症包括但不限于恶性肿瘤,例如卵巢癌、乳腺癌、
输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、腹膜癌、胃癌、结肠癌、膀胱癌、胰腺癌、胆道癌、骨肉瘤、宫颈癌、头颈肿瘤、生殖细胞和胚胎癌、食道癌、恶性胶质瘤、尤文肉瘤、胰腺癌、黑色素瘤、胆管癌、前列腺癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、淋巴癌和血液癌中的任一种。
术语说明
在本发明中,除非另外明确地说明,本发明所使用的术语具有下面所定义的含义。本发明未明确定义的术语具有本领域技术人员所普遍理解的一般含义。
如本文所用,术语“卤素”或“卤代”指氟、氯、溴和碘。
本文所用的术语“任选”、“任选的”或“任选地”意指随后描述的取代模式、事件或情况可以发生或可以不发生,并且该描述包括所述取代模式发生的情形以及所述取代模式不发生的情形。例如,“任选被取代的烷基”包括本文定义的“未取代的烷基”和“被取代的烷基”。本领域技术人员应当理解的是,对于含有一个或多个取代基的任意基团而言,所述基团不包括任何在空间上不切实际的、化学上不正确的、合成上不可行的和/或内在不稳定的取代模式。
如本文所用,术语“药学上可接受的盐”指保持本发明化合物的生物学效应和性能的盐,并且该盐在生物学上或其它方面不是不被期望的。所述盐的非限制性示例包括本发明化合物的无毒的、无机或有机的碱或酸的加成盐。在许多情况下,由于氨基和/或羧基或与之相似的基团的存在,本发明化合物能够形成酸盐和/或碱盐。可以用无机酸和有机酸形成药学上可接受的酸加成盐。可以由其衍生得到盐的无机酸包括例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等。可以由其衍生得到盐的有机酸包括例如乙酸、丙酸、羟基乙酸、丙酮酸、草酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、水杨酸等。可以用无机和有机碱形成药学上可接受的碱加成盐。可以由其衍生得到盐的无机碱包括例如钠、钾、锂、铵、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰、铝等;特别优选的是铵、钾、钠、钙和镁盐。可以由其衍生得到盐的有机碱包括例如伯胺、仲胺和叔胺、取代的胺(包括天然存在的取代的胺)、环状的胺、碱性离子交换树脂等,尤其例如异丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺和乙醇胺。通过常规化学方法,可以从母体化合物(碱性或酸性部分)合成本发明药学上可接受的盐。一般来讲,可以如下制备所述的盐:使所述化合物的游离酸形式与化学计算量的适当的碱(例如Na、Ca、Mg或K的氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐等)反应或使所述化合物的游离碱形式与化学计算量的适当的酸反应。这类反应通常在水或有机溶剂或两者的混合溶剂中进行。一般来讲,在可行时,非水介质例如醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈是优选的。其它合适的盐可以见于Remington氏药物科学(Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences),第20版,Mack出版公司(Mack Publishing Company),Easton,Pa.,(1985),将其引入文中作为参考。
如本文所用,术语“药学上可接受的赋形剂”包括任何和所有的溶剂、分散介质、包衣、表面活性剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂(例如抗菌剂、抗真菌剂)、等渗剂、吸收延迟剂、盐、防腐剂、药物、药物稳定剂、粘合剂、赋形剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、染料、所述类似的物质和其组合,其是本领域普通技术人员所公知的(见,例如,Remington氏药物科学(Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences),第18版,Mack出版公司(Mack Printing Company),1990,pp.1289-1329,引入文中作为参考)。除非任何常规载体是与活性成分不能共存的,可以考虑在治疗或药物组合物中使用它。
如本所用,术语“溶剂化物”意指包含化学计量的或非化学计量的溶剂加成形式。如果溶剂是水,则形成的溶剂化物是水合物,当溶剂是乙醇时,则形成的溶剂化物是乙醇合物。水合物是通过一个或多个分子的水与一分子所述物质形成的,其中水保留其H2O的分子状态,这样的组合能形成一种或多种水合物,例如半水合物、一水合物和二水合物。
如本所用,“前药”是指被化学修饰的活性或非活性的化合物,给药至个体后,其经过体内的生理作用(例如水解、新成代谢等)变为本发明化合物。有关制造和使用前药的适应性和技术是本领域技术人员众所周知的。
术语本发明化合物的"治疗有效量"指可以引起个体生物学或医学反应或改善症状、减慢或延缓疾病恶化或预防疾病等的本发明化合物的量。
如本文所用,术语“个体”指动物。优选地,动物是哺乳动物。个体特别指例如灵长类(例如人类)、牛、绵羊、山羊、马、狗、猫、兔、大鼠、小鼠、鱼、鸟等。在一优选实施方案中,个体是人。
如本文所用,术语"抑制"指特定的病患、症状或病症或疾病的减轻或抑制,或者生物学活性或过程基线活性的显著降低。
如本文所用,在一实施方案中,术语"治疗"任何疾病或病症指改善疾病或病症(即阻止或减缓疾病或其至少一种临床症状的发展)。在另一个实施方案中,“治疗"指改善至少一种身体参数,其可能不为患者所察觉。在另一个实施方案中,“治疗"指身体上(例如稳定可察觉的症状)或生理学上(例如稳定身体的参数)或上述两方面调节疾病或病症。
本发明的主要优点在于本发明的化合物对PARP1具有高的选择性,较olaparib(AZD-2281)副作用更少,并且具有高的临床应用价值。
以下实施例中所用的实验材料和试剂如无特别说明均可从市售渠道获得。原料通常可以从商业来源获得或采用本领域技术人员已知的方法容易地制备。
各实施例中,实验仪器说明(例如1H NMR由Varian Mercury-300或Varian Mercury-400
型核磁共振仪记录,13C NMR由Varian Mercury-400或Varian Mercury-500型或Varian Mercury-600型核磁共振仪记录,化学位移以δ(ppm)表示;质谱由Finnigan/MAT-95(EI)与Finnigan LCQ/DECA and Micromass Ultra Q-TOF(ESI)型质谱仪记录;反相制备HPLC分离用硅胶为200-300目)。
缩略语
关键中间体的合成
中间体1a:7-(溴甲基)-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮
步骤1:(4-溴-3-氟-2-硝基苯基)丙氨酸乙酯的合成
在干燥的100mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入化合物1a-1(2.38g,10mmol),丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(1.53g,10mmol),DIEA(3.87g,30mmol),DMF(50mL),常温搅拌过夜。反应液加水(100mL),EA萃取(100mL)萃取三次,有机相饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液浓缩,过硅胶柱(PE:EA=4:1)纯化,得到产物1a-2(1.5g,橙色固体),收率:45%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.42-7.38(m,1H),7.19-7.18(m,1H),6.35-6.32(m,1H),4.19-4.09(m,3H),1.95-1.92(m,1H),1.51-1.48(m,2H),1.24-1.18(m,3H).
步骤2:7-溴-8-氟-3-甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的100mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入1a-2(3g,8.9mmol),氯化铵(3.8g,71.6mmol),甲醇(50mL)和水(5mL)。冰浴条件下,分批加入锌粉(4.6g,71.6mmol),反应液室温搅拌2小时。反应液过滤,滤液加水(50mL),乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL)萃取三次,有机相饱和食盐水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液浓缩。残留物加入甲醇(15mL),乙酸乙酯(15mL)和4M盐酸气(二氧六环溶液)(1mL),室温搅拌2小时,反应液浓缩得到粗品产物1a-3(2.5g,棕色固体),收率:45%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 257.1[M-H]-;RT=1.48min(3.00min)。
步骤3:7-溴-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的250mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入1a-3(2.5g,9.7mmol),DCM(160mL),分批加入2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基苯醌(2.6g,11.6mmol),反应液室温搅拌2小时。反应液浓缩,残留物滴加饱和碳酸钠溶液(50mL),过滤,滤饼水洗,干燥。固体用乙酸乙酯打浆,过滤得到产物1a-4(1.6g,浅棕色固体),收率:64%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.61(s 1H),7.53-7.47(m,2H),2.40(s,3H).
步骤4:8-氟-7-(羟甲基)-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的100mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入1a-4(1.6g,6.25mmol),(三丁基锡)甲醇(2.4g,7.5mmol),x-phos Pd G2(490mg,0.625mmol),二氧六环(40mL),氮气保护下80℃加热过夜,反应液浓缩,过硅胶柱纯化(PE:EA=1:1),得到产物1a-5(1g,白色固体),收率:77%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.42(s 1H),7.52-7.50(m,1H),7.34-7.30(m,1H),5.40(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),4.63(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.41(s,3H).
步骤5:7-(溴甲基)-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的250mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入1a-5(800mg,3.8mmol),二氯甲烷(100mL),冰浴条件下滴加三溴化磷(3.1g,11.5mmol)。室温搅拌2小时,反应液低温浓缩,残留物加水(20mL),用饱和碳酸钠水溶液调节pH=8,过滤,滤饼水洗,干燥得到产物1a(600mg,绿色固体),收率:60%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 269.1[M-H]-;RT=1.37min(3.00min)。
中间体2a:7-(溴甲基)-3-乙基-8-氟喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
合成方法参考中间体1a的合成,不同的是在步骤1中用2-氨基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐代替丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为起始原料。LCMS(ESI):m/z 283[M-H]-;RT=1.56min(3.00min)。
中间体3a:7-(1-溴乙基)-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮
步骤1:7-乙酰基-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在盛有10mL二氧六环的单口瓶中加入1a-4(500mg,1.95mmol),三丁基(1-乙氧基乙烯基)锡烷(848mg,2.34mmol)和双三苯基膦二氯化钯(69mg,0.10mmol),95℃下反应16小时,加入稀盐酸(2N)后50℃反应0.5小时,冷却至室温后,加入饱和的氟化钾水溶液,再反应0.5小时。反应液直接过滤,滤饼干燥后用PE:EA=1:1打浆得到产物3a-1(290mg,黄色固体)。收率:67.6%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 221.1[M+H]+;RT=0.792min(2.50min).
步骤2:8-氟-7-(1-羟乙基)-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在盛有10mL甲醇的100mL单口瓶中加入3a-1(0.15g,0.68mmol),冰浴下缓慢加入硼氢化钠(39mg,1.02mmol),室温下反应1小时。反应液加饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用水洗两次,饱和食盐水洗一次,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后柱层析(PE:EA=1:1)得到粗产品3a-2(100mg,黄色固体)。收率:66.1%,LCMS(ESI):m/z
223.1[M+H]+;RT=1.12min(2.50min).
步骤3:7-(1-溴乙基)-8-氟-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮的合成
在盛有6mL二氯甲烷的100mL单口瓶中加入3a-2(100mg,0.45mmol)三苯基膦(354mg,1.35mmol)和四溴化碳(299mg,0.90mmol),室温下反应2小时。反应液直接浓缩干柱层析(PE:EA=2:1)得到产品3a(70mg,黄色固体)。收率:54.7%,纯度:50%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 283.1[M-H]-;RT=1.234min(2.50min).
中间体4a:7-(1-溴乙基)-8-氟-3-乙基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮
合成方法参考中间体3a的合成,不同的是用代替为起始原料,而且,1a’-4是在制备中间体1a的步骤1中用2-氨基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐代替丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为起始原料而得到的。LCMS(ESI):m/z 296.9[M-H]-;RT=1.574(3.00min)。
中间体5a:(3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)甲基磺酸甲酯
步骤1:(4-氨基-6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲醇的合成
氮气保护下,在500mL三口烧瓶中室温下加入5a-1(5.0g,22.9mmol),无水甲苯(70mL),-78℃下缓慢滴加二异丙基氢化铝(91.5mmol,91.5mL),反应16小时。反应液冰浴下依次滴加甲醇(3.66mL)、15%氢氧化钠溶液(3.66mL)和甲醇(3.66mL)。反应液浓缩后柱层析(PE:EA=1:1)纯化,得到5a-2(2.45g,白色固体),产率:61.2%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 177.1[M+H]+;RT=0.707min(2.50min).
步骤2:4-氨基-6-氯-5-氟烟醛合成
在盛有40mL DCM的单口烧瓶中室温下加入化合物5a-2(2.45g,13.9mmol)和二氧化锰(12g,139mmol)。室温搅拌,反应16小时。反应液过滤浓缩,得到化合物5a-3(2.2g,灰色固体),产率:90.8%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 175.1[M+H]+;RT=1.210min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.95(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.37(s,1H),7.97(s,2H).
步骤3:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟-1,6-萘吡啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的250mL三口烧瓶中冰浴下加入化合物5a-3(3.0g,17.2mmol),4-二甲氨基吡啶(207mg,1.7mmol)和DIEA(15.5g,15.5mmol),缓慢滴加正丁酰氯(12.8g,120mmol),
室温搅拌,反应过夜。反应液减压浓缩,残留物用柱层析(PE:EA=10:1)纯化,得到化合物5a-4(1.3g,黄色固体),产率:33.4%.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.47(s,1H),8.52(s,1H),7.89(s,1H),2.54-2.49(m,2H),1.19-1.16(m,3H).
步骤4:3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-羧酸甲酯的合成
在干燥的50mL单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入5a-4(370mg,1.63mmol),甲醇(10mL),三乙胺(0.68mL,4.90mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(237mg,0.33mmol)。一氧化碳置换3次,80℃反应24小时。反应液减压浓缩。残留物用层析柱(PE:EA=2:1)纯化,得到5a-5(190mg,黄色固体),产率:46.51%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 251.0[M+H]+;RT=1.114min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.52(s,1H),8.72(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),3.91(s,3H),2.58-2.54(m,2H),1.19(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤5:3-乙基-8-氟-7-(羟甲基)-1,6-萘吡啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的25mL单口烧瓶中0℃下依次加入5a-5(190mg,0.76mmol),四氢呋喃(5mL)和硼氢化锂-四氢呋喃(2.0M,0.76mmol,1.52mmol)。室温搅拌,反应2小时。用饱和水(20mL)淬灭,EA(30mL×2)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残留物用制备板(纯乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到5a-6(60mg,近白色固体),产率:35.56%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 223.1[M+H]+;RT=0.875min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.23(s,1H),8.61(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),5.34(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.63-4.61(m,2H),2.55-2.51(m,2H),1.18(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤6:(3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)甲基磺酸甲酯的合成
在干燥的25mL单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入5a-6(40mg,0.18mmol),四氢呋喃(3mL),三乙胺(0.08mL,0.54mmol)和甲基磺酰氯(0.02mL,0.22mmol)。室温搅拌,反应2小时。用水(10mL)稀释,EA(10mL×2)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到5a(48mg,黄色固体),LCMS(ESI):m/z 301.1[M+H]+;RT=1.170min(2.50min).
中间体6a:(R)-6-氟-N-甲基-5-(2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐
步骤1:5-溴-6-氟吡啶甲酸甲酯的合成
在50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物6a-1(1g,4.6mmol),乙腈(30mL),二氟化银(1.76g,13.9mmol),搅拌过夜。反应液过滤,滤液浓缩,过硅胶柱(PE:EA=5:1)纯化,得到6a-2(450mg,白色固体),收率:42%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 233.9[M+H]+;RT=1.51min(3.00min).
步骤2:(R)-4-(2-氟-6-(甲氧基羰基)吡啶-3-基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成
在50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入6a-2(450mg,1.9mmol),(R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪(577
mg,2.9mmol),Ruphos Pd G3(159mg,0.19mmol),碳酸铯(1.5g,4.7mmol),二氧六环(6mL)。氮气保护下80℃加热过夜,反应液浓缩,过硅胶柱(PE:EA=2:1)纯化,得到产物6a-3(300mg,黄色固体),收率:44%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 354.1[M+H]+;RT=1.80min(3.00min).
步骤3:叔丁基(R)-4-(2-氟-6-(甲基氨基甲酰基)吡啶-3-基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-羧酸酯的合成
在50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物6a-3(100mg,0.28mmol),甲胺的乙醇溶液(2mL),反应液搅拌过夜。反应液浓缩得到6a-4(80mg,黄色固体),收率:80%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 297.1[M-56+H]+;RT=1.70min(3.00min).
步骤4:(R)-6-氟-N-甲基-5-(2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐的合成
在20mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物6a-4(80mg,0.23mmol),EA(2mL),4M盐酸气(二氧六环溶液)(2mL),室温搅拌2小时。反应液浓缩得到6a(65mg,黄色油状物),收率:100%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 253.2[M+H]+;RT=0.99min(3.00min).
中间体7a:(R)-N-甲基-5-(2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐的合成
合成方法参考中间体6a的合成,不同的是不进行步骤1,而直接使用6a-1代替步骤2中的6a-2从步骤2开始合成LCMS(ESI):m/z 235.1[M+H]+;RT=0.82min(3.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.42(s 1H),7.52-7.50(m,1H),7.34-7.30(m,1H),5.40(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),4.63(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.41(s,3H).
中间体8a:N-甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐的合成
合成方法参考中间体6a的合成,不同的是不进行步骤1,而直接使用6a-1代替步骤2中的6a-2,并使用4-Boc哌嗪代替(R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪从步骤2开始合成(请确认是否正确)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 221.2[M+H]+;RT=0.285min(6.00min).
中间体9a:(S)-N-甲基-5-(2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐
合成方法参考中间体6a的合成,不同的是不进行步骤1,而直接使用6a-1代替步骤2中的6a-2,并使用(S)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪代替(R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪从步骤2开始合成。LCMS(ESI):m/z 235.2[M+H]+;RT=0.307min(3.00min).
中间体10a:(S)-N-甲基-5-(3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基吡啶酰胺盐酸
合成方法参考中间体6a的合成,不同的是不进行步骤1,而直接使用6a-1代替步骤2中的6a-2,并使用叔丁基-(S)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-羧酸酯代替(R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪从步骤2开始合成。LCMS(ESI):m/z 235.2[M+H]+;RT=0.81min(3.00min).
中间体11a:(R)-N-甲基-5-(3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基吡啶酰胺盐酸
合成方法参考中间体6a的合成,不同的是不进行步骤1,而直接使用6a-1代替步骤2中的6a-2,并使用叔丁基-(R)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-羧酸酯代替(R)-4-Boc-2-甲基哌嗪从步骤2开始合成。
中间体12a:6-氟-N-甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐
步骤1:4-(2-氟-6-(甲氧羰基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成
在干燥的50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入6a-2(500mg,2.1mmol),1-叔丁氧羰基哌嗪(600mg,3.2mmol),Ruphos Pd G3(180mg,0.21mmol),碳酸铯(1.7g,5.2mmol),二氧六环(15mL)。氮气保护下80℃加热过夜,反应液浓缩,过硅胶柱(PE:EA=2:1)纯化,得到12a-1(640mg,黄色固体),收率:88%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 340.1[M+H]+;RT=1.74min(3.00min).
步骤2:5-(4-(叔丁氧羰基)哌嗪-1-基)-6-氟吡啶甲酸的合成
在干燥的50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入12a-1(320mg,0.94mmol),四氢呋喃(8mL),滴加一水氢氧化锂(200mg,4.7mmol)水溶液(8mL),反应液搅拌2小时,反应液用1M盐酸溶液调节pH=6,反应液浓缩过反相柱(2%~40%乙腈水溶液)得到12a-2(300mg,黄色固体),收率:92%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 326.1[M+H]+;RT=1.26min(3.00min).
步骤3:4-(2-氟-6-(甲基氨甲酰)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成
在干燥的50mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物12a-2(300mg,0.92mmol),1-羟基苯并三唑(149mg,1.1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(211mg,1.1mmol),DIEA(237mg,1.84mmol),DMF(6mL),甲胺盐酸盐(123mg,1.84mmol),常温搅拌过夜。反应液加水(20mL),EA萃取(30mL*3),有机相饱和食盐水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液浓缩,过反相柱(20%~70%乙腈水溶液)得到12a-3(250mg,白色固体),收率:80%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 283.1[M-100+H]+;RT=1.66min(3.00min).
步骤4:6-氟-N-甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶酰胺盐酸盐的合成
在干燥的20mL的单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物12a-3(250mg,0.74mmol),乙酸乙酯(3mL),4M盐酸气(二氧六环溶液)(1mL),室温搅拌2小时,反应液浓缩得到12a(200mg,黄色固体),收率:100%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 239.1[M+H]+;RT=0.91min(3.00min).1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD):δ7.98-7.96(m,1H),7.67-7.64(m,1H),3.50-3.48(m,4H),3.45-3.43(m,4H),2.93(d,J=3.6Hz,3H).
中间体13a:甲基(R)-6-氟-5-(3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶甲酸盐酸盐
合成方法参考中间体12a的合成,不同的是使用叔-丁基(R)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-羧酸酯代替1-叔丁氧羰基哌嗪。LCMS(ESI):m/z 253.1[M+H]+;RT=0.342&0.576min(6.00min).
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.62(s,1H),9.47(s,1H),8.45(dd,J=4.4,9.2Hz,1H),7.87(dd,J=1.2,8.0Hz,1H),7.72-7.67(m,1H),3.63-3.59(m,2H),3.39-3.45(m,2H),3.24-3.13(m,2H),3.04-2.98(m,1H),2.78(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),1.31(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
中间体14a:7-(1-溴乙基)-3-甲基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮
合成方法参考中间体3a的合成,不同的是用代替为起始原料,而且,14a-4是在在制备中间体1a的步骤1中用4-溴-1-氟-2-硝基苯代替1a-1为起始原料而得到的。LCMS(ESI):m/z 267.0[M+H]+;RT=1.327min(2.50min).
中间体15a:7-(1-溴乙基)-3-乙基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮
合成方法参考中间体3a的合成,不同的是用代替为起始原料,而且,15a-4是在在制备中间体1a的步骤1中用4-溴-1-氟-2-硝基苯代替1a-1,用2-氨基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐代替丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为起始原料而得到的。LCMS(ESI):m/z296.9[M-H]-;RT=1.574min(2.50min).
中间体16a:6-氯-N-甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐的合成
步骤1:5-溴-6-氯-N-甲基吡啶甲酰胺的合成
在烧瓶中依次加入16a-1(1.00g,3.99mmol)和甲胺的乙醇溶液(33wt%,10mL)。室温反应16小时。反应液浓缩,得到16a-2(0.94g,黄色的油),产率:94.37%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 250.9[M+H]+;RT=1.448min(2.50min).
步骤2:4-(2-氯-6-(甲基氨基甲酰基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成
在烧瓶中依次加入16a-2(620mg,2.49mmol),甲苯(15mL),哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(370mg,1.99mmol),1,1'-联萘-2,2'-双二苯膦(155mg,0.25mmol),碳酸铯(2020mg,6.21mmol)和醋酸钯(56mg,0.25mmol)。氮气保护下100℃反应16小时。反应液过滤,滤液浓缩。硅胶柱层析(PE:EA=1:1)纯化,得到16a-3(180mg,黄色的油),产率:20.41%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 355.1[M+H]+;RT=1.679min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.46(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.95(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.68(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.50(s,4H),3.06-3.04(m,4H),2.80(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),1.43(s,9H).
步骤3:6-氯-N-甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐的合成
在干燥的烧瓶中加入16a-3(180mg,0.51mmol),DCM(2mL)和盐酸二氧六环(4.0M,2mL)。室温搅拌2小时后浓缩,得到16a(140mg,黄色固体),产率:94.59%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 255.1[M+H]+;RT=0.336min&0.461min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.40(s,2H),8.50(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.34-3.32(m,4H),3.25(m,4H),2.80(d,J=4.8Hz,3H).
中间体17a:N,6-二甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐的合成
步骤1:5-溴-6-甲基吡啶甲酸的合成
在干燥的烧瓶中依次加入17a-1(500mg,2.54mmol),甲醇(6mL),水(3mL)和氢氧化钠(507mg,12.69mmol)。70℃反应1小时。反应液减压浓缩。加水(10mL)稀释,用3M稀盐酸调节至pH=4,过滤,收集滤饼,得到17a-2(300mg,白色固体),产率:54.72%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 218.0[M+H]+;RT=1.208min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.12(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.78(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),2.67(s,3H).
步骤2:5-溴-N,6-二甲基吡啶甲酰胺的合成
在干燥的烧瓶中加入17a-2(300mg,1.39mmol),DMF(3mL),DIEA(0.92mL,5.55mmol),O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(792mg,2.08mmol)和甲胺的四氢呋喃溶液(2.0M,1.39mL,2.78mmol)。室温反应1小时。用水(30mL)稀释,乙酸乙酯(10mL×2)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液
减压浓缩。残留物用制备板(PE:EA=3:2)纯化,得到17a-3(215mg,黄色固体),产率:67.59%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 231.0[M+H]+;RT=1.427min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.67(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),2.82(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.65(s,3H).
步骤3:4-(2-甲基-6-(甲基氨基甲酰基)吡啶-3-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成
在干燥的烧瓶中加入17a-3(200mg,0.87mmol),甲苯(8mL),哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(179mg,0.96mmol),1,1'-联萘-2,2'-双二苯膦(54mg,0.09mmol),碳酸铯(711mg,2.18mmol)和醋酸钯(20mg,0.09mmol)。氮气保护下100℃反应16小时。反应液过滤,滤液浓缩。残留物用制备板(PE:EA=1:1)纯化,得到17a-4(160mg,黄色固体),产率:54.80%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 335.1[M+H]+.
步骤4:N,6-二甲基-5-(哌嗪-1-基)吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐的合成
烧瓶中加入17a-4(160mg,0.48mmol),DCM(2mL)和盐酸-二氧六环(4.0M,2mL)。室温反应4小时后浓缩,得到17a(129mg,黄色固体),产率:99.58%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 235.2[M+H]+;RT=0.340min&0.450min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.44(s,2H),8.56(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.88(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.25-3.16(m,8H),2.82(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.54(s,3H).
化合物2的合成
在干燥的25mL的单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入化合物2a(50mg,0.175mmol),7a(60mg,0.22mmol),DIEA(68mg,0.525mmol),乙腈(3mL)。80℃加热2小时。反应液用反相制备柱纯化,干燥得到化合物2(25mg,0.056mmol)白色固体,收率:39%。LCMS(ESI):m/z 439.1[M+H]+;RT=1.62min(3.00min).1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.45(s,1H),8.36(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),8.19(s,1H),7.81(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),7.57(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.31-7.35(m,2H),4.22(s,1H),3.68(s,2H),3.58(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.04-3.07(m,1H),2.92-2.94(m,1H),2.80-2.84(m,2H),2.78(d,J=3.2Hz,3H),2.75(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),2.36-2.37(m,1H),2.20-2.23(m,1H),1.21-1.23(m,3H),1.10(d,J=4.4Hz,3H).
化合物5-化合物10的合成
根据化合物2中所述方法,将中间体2a和7a分别替换为下表中的中间体,合成化合物5-化合物10,各实施例化合物的结构式参见前面的表格
化合物12的合成
在干燥的25mL单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入5a(27mg,0.09mmol),乙腈(3mL),8a(35
mg,0.13mmol)和DIEA(0.07mL,0.45mmol)。加热至75℃反应3小时。反应液减压浓缩,残留物用prep-HPLC(0.1%甲酸)制备,得到12(11.06mg,白色固体),产率:28.98%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 425.05[M+H]+;RT=3.134min(6.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.25(s,1H),8.62(s,1H),8.40-8.37(m,1H),8.24(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.81(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.37-7.34(m,1H),3.76(d,J=2.4Hz,2H),3.30-3.26(m,4H),2.77(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.63-2.61(m,4H),2.55-2.51(m,2H),1.18(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
化合物13B1、13B2的合成
将化合物13(100mg)通过手性柱拆分,柱子型号100*3.0mm 3.0μm,流动相:甲醇(+0.1%二乙胺),得到化合物13B1(32.23mg)和化合物13B2(38mg);
化合物13B1:出峰时间4.125min;ee%>99,LCMS(ESI):m/z 457.30[M+H]+;(DMSO-d6):δ8.39-8.38(m,1H),7.83(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.57-7.52(m,2H),7.31-7.27(m,1H),3.98-3.96(m,1H),3.15(s,4H),2.84-2.79(m,2H),2.76(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.62-2.51(m,4H),1.40(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.24-1.20(m,3H);
化合物13B2:出峰时间5.635min;ee%>99,LCMS(ESI):m/z 457.20[M+H]+;(DMSO-d6):δ12.46(s,1H),8.40-8.39(m,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.60-7.53(m,2H),7.35(s,1H),3.99(s,1H),3.16(s,4H),2.89-2.82(m,2H),2.76(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.68-2.52(m,4H),1.38(s,3H),1.24-1.17(m,3H).
化合物15的合成
根据化合物12中所述方法,将中间体8a替换为12a,合成化合物15
化合物23的合成
步骤1:7-乙酰基-3-乙基-8-氟-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在盛有10mL二氧六环的100mL单口瓶中加入化合物5a-4(500mg,2.2mmol),三
丁基锡(1.6g,4.4mmol)和双三苯基磷二氯化钯(240mg,0.34mmol),95℃反应16小时,反应液过滤后浓缩,柱层析(PE:EA=1:1)得到23-1(490mg,黄色固体)。收率:94.7%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 235.1[M+H]+;RT=1.050min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.40(s,1H),8.67(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),2.56(s,3H),2.51-2.48(m,2H),1.13-1.09(m,3H).
步骤2:3-乙基-8-氟-7-(1-羟乙基)-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的100mL单口烧瓶中冰浴下依次加入23-1(40mg,0.17mmol),甲醇(3mL)和硼氢化钠(7.8mg,0.20mmol)。室温搅拌5小时。用饱和氯化铵(1mL)淬灭,调节pH至中性,加水稀释,乙酸乙酯(10mL×5)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到23-2(40mg,灰色固体),产率:100%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 237.1[M+H]+;RT=0.820min(2.50min).
步骤3:7-(1-溴乙基)-3-乙基-8-氟-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在盛有5mL二氯甲烷的100mL单口瓶中加入23-2(100mg,0.42mmol),三苯基膦(341mg,1.3mmol)和四溴化碳(279mg,0.84mmol),室温反应2小时。反应液直接浓缩得到23-3(100mg,灰色固体)。产率:79%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 297.0[M-H]-;RT=1.521min(2.50min).
步骤4:5-(4-(1-(3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)乙基)哌嗪-1-基)-6-氟-N-甲基吡啶甲酰胺的合成
在盛有5mL乙腈的25mL单口瓶中加入23-3(100mg,0.33mmol),12a(91mg,0.33mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(216mg,1.67mmol),70℃反应16小时,反应液浓缩,用Pre-HPLC(甲酸)制备得到化合物23(2.17mg,黄色固体),收率:1.4%,LCMS(ESI):m/z457.35[M+H]+;RT=3.257min(6.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.66(s,1H),8.38(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.82(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.54-7.49(m,1H),4.25(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.11(d,J=3.2Hz,4H),2.76(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.62(s,4H),2.55(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.45(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.20-1.17(m,3H).
化合物23B1、23B2的合成
将化合物23(500mg)通过手性柱拆分,柱子型号100*3.0mm 3.0μm,流动相:乙醇(+0.1%二乙胺),得到化合物23B1(173mg)和化合物23B2(168mg);
化合物23B1:出峰时间2.766min;ee%>99%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 457.80[M+H]+;(DMSO-d6):δ12.23(s,1H),8.65(s,1H),8.37(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.81(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53-7.48(m,1H),4.25-4.23(m,1H),3.11(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),2.75(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.61(s,4H),2.55-2.54(m,2H),1.45(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.20-1.16(m,3H).
化合物23B2:出峰时间3.723min;ee%>99%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 457.40[M+H]+;
(DMSO-d6):δ12.23(s,1H),8.66(s,1H),8.37(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.86(s,1H),7.81(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53-7.48(m,1H),4.25-4.23(m,1H),3.11(d,J=3.2Hz,4H),2.75(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.61(s,4H),2.57-2.55(m,2H),1.45(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.20-1.16(m,3H).
化合物29的合成
步骤1:7-氯-8-氟-3-甲基-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的250mL三口烧瓶中冰浴下加入5a-3(500mg,2.87mmol),4-二甲氨基吡啶(35mg,0.29mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.2g,17.24mmol),缓慢滴加丙酰氯(1.6g,17.24mmol),室温搅拌反应过夜。反应液减压浓缩,残留物打浆(PE:EA=10:1)纯化,得到29-1(300mg,黄色固体),产率:49.1%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 213.0[M+H]+;RT=1.183min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.47(s,1H),7.91(s,1H),2.11(d,J=1.2Hz,3H).
步骤2:8-氟-3-甲基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-甲酸甲酯的合成
在干燥的50mL单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入29-1(360mg,1.7mmol),甲醇(25mL),三乙胺(0.71mL,5.1mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(370mg,0.51mmol)。一氧化碳(2MPa)置换3次,加热至80℃反应24小时。反应液减压浓缩。残留物用层析柱(PE:EA=1:2)纯化,得到29-2(200mg,黄色固体),产率:49.9%,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.55(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),7.99(s,1H),3.91(s,3H),2.15(s,3H).
步骤3:8-氟-7-(羟甲基)-3-甲基-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
在干燥的25mL三口烧瓶中0℃下依次加入29-2(200mg,0.85mmol),四氢呋喃(10mL)和硼氢化锂-四氢呋喃(2.0M,1.69mmol,0.85mL)。氮气保护下室温反应6小时。用饱和氯化铵(0.5mL)淬灭,EA(30mL×2)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥、过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残留物用制备板(EA)纯化,得到化合物29-3(180mg,灰色固体),产率:100%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 209.1[M+H]+;RT=0.790min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.27(s,1H),8.57(s,1H),7.91(s,1H),5.35-5.34(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,2H),2.12(s,3H).
步骤4:(8-氟-3-甲基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)甲基甲磺酸酯的合成
在干燥的25mL三口烧瓶中室温下依次加入29-3(80mg,0.38mmol),四氢呋喃(3mL),三乙胺(0.13mL,0.95mmol)和甲基磺酰氯(53mg,0.46mmol)。室温搅拌,反应3小时。用水(10mL)稀释,EA(10mL×2)萃取。收集有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到粗产物29-4(50mg,黄色固体),LCMS(ESI):m/z 285.1[M-H]-;RT=1.079min(2.50min).
步骤5:6-氟-5-(4-((8-氟-3-甲基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)甲基)哌嗪-1-基)-N-甲基吡啶甲酰胺的合成
在干燥的25mL单口烧瓶中室温下依次加入29-4(50mg,0.17mmol),乙腈(4mL),
12a(40mg,0.17mmol),DIEA(88mg,0.68mmol)和碘化钠(102mg,0.68mmol)。加热至70℃,反应2小时。反应液减压浓缩。残留物用prep-HPLC(0.1%FA)制备,得到化合物29(2mg,白色固体),产率:2.7%,LCMS(ESI):m/z 429.20[M+H]+;RT=3.152min(6.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.37(s,1H),8.63(s,1H),8.43(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.85(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.60-7.55(m,1H),3.83-3.77(m,2H),3.21(s,4H),2.77(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.51(s,4H),2.14(s,3H).
化合物30的合成
同化合物23的合成方法,不同的是将起始原料用29-1代替5a-4,LCMS(ESI):m/z443.20[M+H]+;RT=3.175min(6.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.61(s,1H),8.50(s,1H),8.38-8.36(m,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.81(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.53-7.48(m,1H),4.24-4.23(m,1H),3.11(d,J=3.6Hz,4H),2.75(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.67(s,4H),2.12(s,3H),1.44(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
化合物36、37的合成
根据化合物12中所述方法,将中间体5a和8a分别替换为下表中的中间体,合成化合物36-化合物37,各实施例化合物的结构式参见前面的表格
化合物38的合成
在盛有5mL二氯甲烷的单口瓶中加入化合物23-1(60mg,0.29mmol)和17a(90mg,0.38mmol),反应半小时后浓缩,加入钛酸四异丙酯(3mL),80℃反应4小时,冷却至室温加入乙醇(5mL),氰基硼氢化钠(32mg,0.52mmol),继续80℃反应5小时,反应液用Pre-HPLC(甲酸)制备得到化合物38(14mg,黄色固体),收率:12.1%。LCMS(ESI):m/z453.40[M+H]+;RT=3.245min(6.00min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.55(s,1H),11.14(s,1H),8.83(s,1H),8.52(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.86(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.08-5.05(m,1H),3.80-3.19(m,8H),2.80(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.59-2.53(m,2H),1.72(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.21-1.73(m,3H).
化合物38B1、38B2的合成
将化合物38(27mg)通过手性柱拆分,柱子型号250*25mm 10μm,流动相:甲醇(+0.1%7.0mol/L氨甲醇),得到化合物38B1(7.50mg)和化合物38B2(3.12mg);
化合物38B1:出峰时间4.287min;ee%>99,LCMS(ESI):m/z 453.5[M+H]+;(DMSO-d6):δ12.23(s,1H),8.67(s,1H),8.39(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.77(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.26-4.22(m,1H),2.89(s,4H),2.79(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.63(s,4H),2.58-2.54(m,2H),2.41(s,3H),1.46(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),1.20-1.16(m,3H).
化合物38B2:出峰时间5.411min;ee%>98,LCMS(ESI):m/z 453.4[M+H]+;(DMSO-d6):δ12.22(s,1H),8.66(s,1H),8.40-8.37(m,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.28-4.22(m,1H),2.89(s,4H),2.78(d,J=5.2Hz,3H),2.63(s,4H),2.56-2.54(m,2H),2.41(s,3H),1.46(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.20-1.16(m,3H).
化合物39的合成
步骤1:2-氯-3-氟-5-碘吡啶-4-胺的合成
将化合物39-1(5g,3.12mmol),N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(9.21g,40.94mmol)和对甲苯磺酸(0.29g,1.71mmol)溶于乙腈(50mL)溶液中,70℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,将反应溶液倒入水(200mL)中,抽滤、饱和亚硫酸钠水溶液和水洗涤固体,真空干燥得到产物39-2(9.1g,33.40mmol,收率:97.9%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 272.9[M+H]+;RT=1.097min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.12(s,1H),6.68(s,2H).
步骤2:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟-3,4-二氢吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-2(1H)-酮的合成
将化合物39-2(3.0g,11.01mmol),2-氨基丁酸(2.27g,22.02mmol),氯化亚铜(0.22g,2.20mmol)和磷酸钾(4.67g,22.02mmol)溶于二甲亚砜(30mL)溶液中,反应溶液在氮气氛围下135℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到39-3(1.6g,6.97mmol,收率:63.28%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 230.1[M+H]+;RT=0.910min(2.50min).
步骤3:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-2(1H)-酮的合成
将39-3(1.6g,6.97mmol)和二氧化锰(6.06g,69.67mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(25mL)溶液中,反应液在室温反应5小时。过滤,收集滤液和真空浓缩得到产物39-4(1.4g,6.15mmol,产率:88.27%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 228.1[M+H]+;RT=0.967min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.10(s,1H),8.59(s,1H),2.86-2.80(m,2H),1.22(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤4:3-乙基-8-氟-7-乙烯基吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-2(1H)-酮的合成
将化合物39-4(650mg,2.86mmol),三丁基锡乙烯(1.36g,4.28mmol)和氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基-1,1'-联苯基)[2-(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯)]钯(II)(0.22g,0.29mmol)溶于二氧六环(20mL)溶液中,氮气保护下80℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,反应溶液通过浓缩,硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)得到39-5(400mg,1.82mmol,收率:63.90%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 220.1[M+H]+;RT=1.067min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.89(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),7.07-7.00(m,1H),6.43(d,J=9.6Hz,3H),6.67(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),2.86-2.80(m,2H),1.23(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤5:7-(1,2-二羟基乙基)-3-乙基-8-氟吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-2(1H)-酮的合成
将39-5(240mg,1.09mmol),甲磺酰胺(0.16g,1.64mmol)和AD-混合物-BETA(4.26g,5.47mmol)溶于叔丁醇(5mL)和水(5mL)溶液中,反应液在室温反应16小时。过滤,收集滤液,浓缩得到粗产物39-6(0.25g,0.99mmol,收率:90.18%,白色固体),LCMS(ESI):m/z252.1[M-H]-;RT=0.849min(2.50min).
步骤6:化合物3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-7-醛的合成
将39-6(250mg,0.99mmol)和高碘酸钠(0.63g,2.96mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(5mL)和水(5mL)中,室温反应16小时。过滤,收集滤液,浓缩得到粗产物。粗产物通过TLC(DCM:MeOH=20:1)板纯化得到39-7(180mg,0.81mmol,收率:82.43%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 222.1[M+H]+;RT=1.090min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.12(s,1H),8.55(s,1H),2.77-2.72(m,2H),1.19(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
步骤7:5-(4-((3-乙基-8-氟-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪-7-基)甲基)哌嗪-1-基)-6-氟-N-甲基吡啶酰胺
39-7(40mg,0.18mmol)和12a(51.71mg,0.22mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)和甲醇(5mL)溶液并加入一滴乙酸。反应液在室温反应30分钟后,加入氰基硼氢化钠(22.73mg,0.36mmol)并继续反应30分钟。向反应溶液中加入三乙胺(0.5mL),浓缩,残留物通过HPLC(甲酸)纯化得到39(9.3mg,0.021mmol,收率:11.60%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 444.2
[M+H]+;RT=1.810min(6min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.69(s,1H),8.41-8.38(m,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.78(s,2H),3.14(s,4H),2.85-2.80(m,2H),2.76(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.64(s,4H),1.22(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
化合物40的合成
同化合物39的合成方法,不同的是将起始原料用L-丙氨酸代替2-氨基丁酸,LCMS(ESI):m/z 430.2[M+H]+;RT=1.658min(6min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.66(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.56-7.52(m,1H),3.78(s,4H),3.14(s,4H),2.76(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.65(s,4H),2.42(s,3H).
化合物41、42的合成
根据化合物39中所述方法,将中间体12替换为下表中的中间体,合成化合物41,42,各实施例化合物的结构式参见前面的表格
化合物43的合成
步骤1:4-氨基-6-氯-5-氟烟腈的合成
将43-1(5.0g,18.35mmol),氰化锌(7.8g,23.86mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(1.1g,0.92mmol)溶于DMF(100mL)溶液中,100℃和氮气氛围下搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,乙酸乙酯和水萃取,收集、干燥和真空浓缩有机相,残留物通过乙酸乙酯/石油醚(20/1)洗涤得到产物43-2(3g,收率:95.28%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 170.1[M-H]-;RT=0.841min
(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.20(s,1H),7.66(s,2H).
步骤2:4-氨基-6-氯-5-氟烟酸甲酯的合成
将43-2(1.1g,6.41mmol)溶于硫酸(10mL)和水(10mL)溶液中,反应溶液在120℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,将反应溶液加入到饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,过滤收集固体。固体通过柱层析(DCM)纯化得到产物43-3(0.8g,3.91mmol,收率:60.99%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 205.1[M+H]+;RT=0.977min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.38(s,1H),7.59(s,2H),3.86(s,3H).
步骤3:4-丁酰胺基-6-氯-5-氟烟酸甲酯的合成
将43-3(4.4g,21.51mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(2.63g,21.51mmol)和DIEA(8.34g,64.52mmol)溶于DMF(50mL)溶液中,在0℃下将正丁酰氯(4.58g,43.01mmol)滴加入反应溶液中,室温反应16小时。EA萃取,收集、干燥和浓缩有机相,残留物通过柱层析(DCM)得到产物43-4(1.3g,产率:22.01%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 275.1[M+H]+;RT=1.087min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.51(s,1H),8.49(s,1H),3.78(s,3H)2.39(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.65-1.56(m,2H),0.93(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤4:6-氯-5-氟-4-(N-(4-甲氧基苄基)丁酰胺基)烟酸甲酯的合成(
将43-4(0.40g,1.46mmol)、4-甲氧基氯苄(0.34g,2.18mmol)、碳酸铯(0.95g,2.91mmol)和四丁基溴化铵(0.23g,0.73mmol)溶于DMF(5mL)溶液中,室温搅拌16小时。反应溶液通过乙酸乙酯/水萃取,收集、干燥和真空浓缩有机相,残留物通过柱层析(EA:PE=1:5)得到43-5(400mg,1.01mmol,收率:69.07%,无色透明油状液体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 395.2[M+H]+;RT=1.437min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.69(s,1H),7.04(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.79(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.73(s,2H),3.70(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),2.04-1.94(m,2H),1.52-1.47(m,2H),0.79(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
步骤5:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟-4-羟基-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮
将43-5(0.28g,0.71mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中,双(三甲基硅基)氨基钠(0.39g,2.3mmol)在-78℃和氮气氛围下加入到反应溶液中,继续搅拌30分钟。反应溶液通过水淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取并收集水相。调节水相pH=3,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥和真空浓缩有机相,得到43-6(140mg,收率:54.24%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 363.1[M+H]+;RT=1.457min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.76(s,1H),7.03(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.86(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.48(s,2H),3.71(s,3H),2.68-2.62(m,2H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
步骤6:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟-4-甲氧基-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮
将43-6(0.45g,1.24mmol)和碳酸钾(0.69g,4.96mmol)溶于DMF(20mL)溶液中,碘甲烷(0.44g,3.10mmol)在0℃下加入到反应溶液中并在室温搅拌16小时。反应溶液通过乙酸乙酯/水萃取,收集、干燥和真空浓缩有机相,残留物通过柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5)得到43-7(200mg,收率:42.79%,白色固体)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.66(s,1H),
7.07(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.88(d,J=11.6Hz,2H),5.49(s,2H),4.00(s,3H),3.71(s,3H)2.66-2.61(m,2H),1.15(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).
步骤7:7-氯-3-乙基-8-氟-4-甲氧基-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
将43-7(0.1g,0.29mmol)溶于甲磺酸(2mL)溶液中,室温搅拌1小时。反应溶液加入到水中并过滤,收集白色固体得到43-8(60mg,0.23mmol,收率:88.09%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 257.1[M+H]+;RT=1.017min(2.50min).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.58(s,1H),8.50(s,1H),3.95(s,3H),2.66-2.61(m,2H),1.61(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
步骤8:3-乙基-8-氟-4-甲氧基-7-乙烯基-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮的合成
将43-8(0.07g,0.27mmol),三丁基锡乙烯(0.13g,4.28mmol)和氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基-1,1'-联苯基)[2-(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯)]钯(II)(0.02g,0.27mmol)溶于二氧六环(5mL)溶液中,反应溶液在氮气氛围,80℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温,反应溶液通过乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1/40)洗涤得到粗产物43-9(55mg,收率:81.25%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 249.1[M+H]+;RT=1.127min(2.50min).
步骤9:3-乙基-8-氟-4-甲氧基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-醛的合成
将43-9(55mg,0.22mmol)、甲磺酰胺(31.61mg,0.33mmol)和AD-混合物-BETA(0.86g,1.11mmol)溶于叔丁醇(2.5mL)和水(2.5mL)溶液中,反应溶液在室温下反应16小时。过滤,收集滤液和浓缩得到黄色残留物,将残留物和高碘酸钠(75.77mg,0.35mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(2.5mL)和水(2.5mL)溶液中,室温反应16小时。过滤,收集滤液和真空浓缩得到粗产物。粗产物通过TLC(DCM:MeOH=20:1)板纯化得到43-10(20mg,0.08mmol,收率:45.12%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 289.0[M-H]-;RT=1.129min(2.50min).
步骤10:5-(4-((3-乙基-8-氟-4-甲氧基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-1,6-萘啶-7-基)甲基)哌嗪-1-基)-6-氟-N-甲基吡啶酰胺的合成
将43-10(20mg,0.08mmol)和12a(28.57mg,0.12mmol)溶于甲醇(5mL)并加入一滴乙酸。室温反应30分钟后,加入氰基硼氢化钠(10.06mg,0.16mmol)并继续反应30分钟。反应溶液浓缩,残留物通过HPLC(0.1%甲酸)纯化得到化合物43(1.24mg,收率:3.28%,白色固体)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 473.3[M+H]+;RT=1.927min(6min).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.21(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.40(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.55(t,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.97(s,3H),3.78(s,2H),3.14(s,4H),2.76(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),2.65(s,4H),2.59-2.51(m,2H),1.11(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).
以上化合物均可以通过常规手性拆分方法得到这些化合物的立体异构体。
下面结合具体的实施例,并参照数据进一步详述本发明。应理解,这些实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,旨在说明本发明的具体组合、制备方法及其功能和效果,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。本发明药物组合的有益效果也能由相关领域技术人员已知的其它测试模型确定。
生物学实施例
实验例1:评估化合物的PARP1/2抑制活性
在以组蛋白为底物的检测中,对本公开化合物的PARP1/2抑制活性进行了测试。
实验目的:根据已建立的实验方法,检测本申请的化合物对PARP1/2酶活性的抑制IC50值。以AZD-2281(Olaparib)作为阳性对照化合物。
实验试剂:
重组人PARP1蛋白(Abcam,cat.ab279663);重组人PARP2蛋白(BPS,cat.80502);重组组蛋白H1(Active Motif,cat.81126);NAD+,Biotin-Labeled(BPS,cat.80610);SuperBlock(TBS)Blocking Buffer(Thermo ScientificTM,cat.37535);Streptavidin(HRP)(Abcam,cat.ab7403);Peroxidase Chemiluminescent Substrate Kit(Seracare,cat.5430-0040);20xPBS(CST,cat.9808S);20xPBST(CST,cat.9809S);AZD2281(Selleck,cat.S1060)
实验方法:
1.化合物配置:在384孔板中将化合物用DMSO稀释成1000倍终浓度的溶液,备用。
2.包被微孔板:
1)用PBS稀释Histone,每孔中加入25uL的Histone mixture,孵育2h。2)每孔使用PBST溶液洗5遍。在干净的纸巾上除去溶液。3)每孔加入75uL的Blocking buffer,室温下孵育1h。4)每孔使用PBST溶液洗5遍。在干净的纸巾上除去溶液。
3.核糖基化反应:
1)转移25nL备用的1000倍终浓度化合物到384反应板中,Min对照孔和Max对照孔中分别加25nL的100%DMSO。2)1x Assay buffer配制2.5倍终浓度的PARP1或者PARP2溶液。3)在化合物孔和Max对照孔分别加10uL的酶溶液;在Min对照孔中加10uL的1x Assay buffer。4)1000rpm离心60秒,室温孵育15分钟。5)用1x Assay buffer配制1.67倍终浓度的底物溶液,每孔加入15μL,起始反应。6)1000rpm离心60秒,室温孵育2h。7)每孔使用PBST溶液洗5遍。在干净的纸巾上除去溶液。
4.检测:
1)配置Streptavidin-HRP溶液,每孔加入25μL,1000rpm离心60秒,室温孵育30min。2)每孔使用PBST溶液洗5遍。在干净的纸巾上除去溶液。3)每孔加入50μL ELISA Chemiluminescent Substrate。4)1000rpm离心60秒,5min后用EnSight读数。
5.数据分析:
抑制率用以下公式计算:抑制率%=(最大信号–化合物信号)/(最大信号–最小信号)×100其中“最小信号”为阴性对照孔均值,“最大信号”为阳性对照孔均值。
拟合量效曲线:以浓度的log值作为X轴,百分比抑制率为Y轴,采用分析软件GraphPadPrism5的log(抑制剂)vs.响应-可变斜率拟合量效曲线,从而得出本公开的化合物对酶活性的抑制IC50值。拟合公式为:Y=底+(顶-底)/(1+10^((logIC50-X)*HillSlope))
表1.本公开的化合物对PARP1/2酶的抑制作用的IC50
*在PARP1酶活测试中糖基化反应的第五步,底物溶液中加入500μM NAD+。
从表1的结果也可以看出,本公开的化合物与现有技术中的化合物相比,具有非常显著的对于PARP1的选择性抑制效果。
实施例2:MDA-MB-436细胞增殖抑制测试
人乳腺癌MDA-MB-436(购自ATCC)细胞,在DMEM培养基(添加10%胎牛血清与1%双抗),37℃、5%二氧化碳条件下培养。取对数生长期细胞,消化后配置一定浓度的细胞悬液,将细胞悬液接种到96孔板,每孔加100μL细胞悬液于96孔板,孵育过夜后加入不同浓度的化合物,置于细胞培养箱中孵育7天。培养结束后,按照CellTiter-Glo试剂,每孔加入50μL CellTiter-Glo试剂,用微孔板震荡器混匀2分钟,室温放置60分钟后,用multimode microplate reader读取荧光值,按公式:[(1-(RLUcompound-RLUblank)/(RLUcontrol-RLUblank))×100%]计算细胞增殖抑制率。使用GraphPad Prism 6.0软件拟合获得IC50值。
表2.本公开的化合物MDA-MB-436细胞增殖抑制活性
实验结果表明,本发明化合物对MDA-MB-436细胞具有显著的增殖抑制活性。
实验例3:初步药代动力学测试实验
1.取健康ICR小鼠,分别静脉注射(1mg/kg)和灌胃(5mg/kg)给予被测试化合物。每个给药途径雄性小鼠9只,体重30-35g,随机分成3组,每组3只。
试验前禁食12h,自由饮水。给药后4h统一进食。
2.采血时间点及样品处理
静脉和灌胃给药:给药后0.25h,0.5h,1.0h,2.0h,3.0h,4.0h,6.0h,8.0h和24h。
连续取血,每时间点采集3只动物。血浆采集和处理:在以上设定时间点经小鼠眼球后静脉丛取静脉血30-40μL,置EDTA-K2试管中,3500rpm离心10min,分离血浆,于-20℃冰箱中冷冻。
3.样品测试和数据分析
采用LC/MS/MS法测定小鼠血浆中化合物的浓度。采用Phoenix 8.3软件(美国Pharsight公司)的非房室模型计算给药后的药代动力学参数。
4.实验结果
表3.本公开的化合物小鼠血浆中的药代动力学参数
实验结果表明,本发明化合物小鼠口服给药的药代动力学表现出较长的半衰期T1/2,较高的体内暴露量AUC0-t。
实施例4:MDR1-MDCKⅡ细胞模型评估双向渗透性
MDR1-MDCKⅡ细胞以3.3x105个细胞/mL的浓度接种到96孔板上,生长4-7天形成单层融合细胞。在单层细胞的顶端侧或基底外侧的给药端孔中加入2μM浓度的受试化合物,并在5.0%CO2的培养箱中37.0℃孵育2.5小时。用荧光黄排斥测定法测定细胞单层完整性。从顶端侧和基底外侧中取出缓冲液,使用LC-MS/MS测定受试化合物浓度,浓度数据用于计算从单层细胞顶端侧向基底侧以及基底侧向顶端侧转运的表观渗透系数,并计算外排率。计算公式:Efflux Ratio=Papp(B-A)/Papp(A-B)
表4.本公开的化合物的MDR1-MDCKⅡ细胞的双向渗透性
实验结果表明,本发明化合物在MDR1-MDCKⅡ细胞中具有较高的细胞渗透性和较低的外排率。
Claims (10)
- 一种通式(I)所示的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,
其中,X1、X2各自独立地选自N和C(H)、C(OCH3);X3选自N和CR10,其中R10是氢或卤素;R1选自氢、C1-C6烷氧基、无取代或被卤素取代的C1-C6烷基、无取代或被卤素取代的C3-C6环烷基;R2是氢、卤素或C1-C6烷基;R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7各自独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基;R8选自氢、卤素、无取代或卤素取代的C1-C6烷基;R9选自氢、C3-C6环烷基、无取代或被卤素取代的C1-C6烷基;m是1或2;条件是:当X1是N,且X2和X3是C(H)时,则R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢;而且当R2是H时,则R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7不同时为氢。 - 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,R10是氢或氟;R1选自氢、C1-C4烷氧基、无取代或被卤素取代的C1-C4烷基;R2是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;R3、R4、R4‘、R5、R6、R7各自独立地为氢或C1-C4烷基;R8选自氢、卤素、无取代或卤素取代的C1-C4烷基;R9是氢、C3-C6环烷基或C1-C4烷基;其他取代基与权利要求1中的定义相同。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,m是1;R1是氢、C1-C2烷氧基、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4氟代烷基;R2是氢或氟;R8选自氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基和C1-C4氟代烷基;R9是氢或C1-C4烷基;其他取代基与权利要求1中的定义相同。
- 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,X1选自N、C(H)和C(OCH3);X2为C(H);X3为N;R2是氢或F;其他取代基与权利要求1中的定义相同。
- 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,式(I)结构中部分选自如下结构:其他取代基与权利要求1中的定义相同。
- 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,式(I)所示的化合物具有式(I-1)-式(I-8)所示的结构或其消旋体:
各取代基与权利要求1中的定义相同。 - 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,其中,式(I)所述化合物选自如下具体化合物:
- 一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药,以及药学上可接受的载体。
- 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的式(I)化合物、或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、晶型、溶剂化物、水合物或前药或如权利要求8所述的药物组合物在制备用于预防、治疗或通过抑制PARP1而改善疾病的药物中的用途,其中,所述疾病为癌症,所述癌症的基因组是同源重组修复缺失的类型,或者,所述癌症依赖于DNA双链损伤而同源重组修复缺失的途径,或者,所述癌症包含一种或多种癌细胞,所述癌细胞相对于正常细胞缺乏通过同源重组修复DNA双链断裂的能力,或者,所述癌症包含一种或多种癌细胞,所述癌细胞缺乏BRCA1或BRCA2,或具有BRCA1或BRCA2突变的类型。
- 如权利要求9所述的用途,其中,所述癌症包括卵巢癌、乳腺癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、腹膜癌、胃癌、结肠癌、膀胱癌、胰腺癌、胆道癌、骨肉瘤、宫颈癌、头颈肿瘤、生殖细胞和胚胎癌、食道癌、恶性胶质瘤、尤文肉瘤、胰腺癌、黑色素瘤、胆管癌、前列腺癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、淋巴癌和血液癌中的任一种。
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