WO2024079830A1 - Unité de tuyauterie pour transfert de fluide cryogénique - Google Patents

Unité de tuyauterie pour transfert de fluide cryogénique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024079830A1
WO2024079830A1 PCT/JP2022/038129 JP2022038129W WO2024079830A1 WO 2024079830 A1 WO2024079830 A1 WO 2024079830A1 JP 2022038129 W JP2022038129 W JP 2022038129W WO 2024079830 A1 WO2024079830 A1 WO 2024079830A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
cover
piping unit
single pipe
cryogenic fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/038129
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
宏之 武田
貴志 下垣
晴彦 冨永
まり子 ▲高▼須賀
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2022/038129 priority Critical patent/WO2024079830A1/fr
Publication of WO2024079830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024079830A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a piping unit used to transport cryogenic fluids.
  • a double-walled vacuum insulated pipe as a pipe for transporting liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas and liquefied hydrogen (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • This double walled pipe has an inner pipe covered by an outer pipe with a thermal insulation layer in between, so it has high thermal insulation properties and can effectively suppress the temperature rise of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing inside the inner pipe.
  • double-wall piping is used for the piping that transports cryogenic liquefied gas
  • single-wall piping is used for the piping through which cryogenic liquefied gas does not flow.
  • a shutoff valve is installed at the connection between the double and single pipes to block the flow of liquefied gas.
  • the single pipe section also becomes deeply cooled through the shutoff valve due to heat transfer from the liquefied gas in the double pipe. This can cause liquefied oxygen to be generated around the deeply cooled single pipe, so this needs to be prevented.
  • the objective of this disclosure is to solve the above problems by using a simple configuration to prevent the generation of liquefied oxygen around a single-wall gas transport pipe connected via a shutoff valve to a double-wall cryogenic fluid transport pipe.
  • the present disclosure provides a piping unit for transporting a cryogenic fluid, comprising: A double pipe including an inner pipe through which a cryogenic fluid passes and an outer pipe covering the outside of the inner pipe and forming a first vacuum insulation layer between the inner pipe and an outer pipe; A single pipe connected to one end of the inner pipe; a shutoff valve interposed between the double pipe and the single pipe, the shutoff valve having a primary side connected to the double pipe and a secondary side connected to the single pipe; a cover that covers a portion of the single pipe that is exposed from the valve body of the shutoff valve and forms a second vacuum insulation layer between the single pipe and the cover; Equipped with.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cryogenic fluid transport piping unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which the cover has a different form.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cryogenic fluid transport piping unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which the cover has a different form.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of another modified example having a different cover in the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cryogenic fluid transport piping unit according to a modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 1, in which a cover is provided with a cover expansion/contraction allowing portion. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the shape of a cover used in another modified example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cryogenic fluid transport piping unit according to another modified example of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cryogenic fluid transport piping unit according to another modified example of the embodiment of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a piping unit 1 for transferring cryogenic fluid according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • this piping unit 1 for transferring cryogenic fluid will simply be referred to as "piping unit 1."
  • the piping unit 1 is applied when a double pipe employing a vacuum insulation structure is connected to a single pipe.
  • the piping unit 1 includes a double pipe 3, a single pipe 5 separate from the double pipe 3, a shutoff valve 7 connecting the double pipe 3 and the single pipe 5, and a cover 11 that covers the portion of the shutoff valve 7 in the single pipe 5 that is exposed from the valve box 9.
  • the piping unit 1 is used in liquefied gas storage facilities, such as liquefied gas storage ships and land-based liquefied gas storage bases.
  • liquefied gas storage ship refers to a ship that has the function of storing liquefied gas.
  • liquefied gas storage ships also include, for example, liquefied gas fuel ships and bunkering ships that supply liquefied gas to other ships.
  • liquefied gas storage facilities are not limited to ships as long as they have the structure and function to store liquefied gas, and may be, for example, land-based liquefied gas storage facilities or plants that use liquefied gas.
  • the double pipe 3 is configured as a vacuum insulated pipe having a double structure. That is, the double pipe 3 is configured from an inner pipe 15 through which the cryogenic fluid passes, and an outer pipe 17 that covers the outside of the inner pipe 15. A first vacuum insulation layer 19 is formed in the radial gap between the inner pipe 15 and the outer pipe 17.
  • the cryogenic fluid transferred by the double pipe 3 is, for example, a liquefied gas such as liquefied nitrogen (LN 2 , approximately ⁇ 200° C.), liquefied hydrogen (LH 2 , approximately ⁇ 250° C.), or liquefied helium (LHe, approximately ⁇ 270° C.).
  • liquefied hydrogen is transferred through the double pipe 3.
  • the cryogenic fluid referred to in this specification includes not only liquefied gas, but also cryogenic vaporized gas generated from liquefied gas.
  • the piping unit 1 of the present disclosure can be applied to equipment that transfers not only liquefied gas, but also cryogenic vaporized gas.
  • the single pipe 5 is connected to one end of the inner pipe 15.
  • the single pipe 5 is a pipe that transports a relatively high-temperature fluid, for example, to the extent that liquefied oxygen is not generated on the pipe surface.
  • a shutoff valve 7 is interposed between the double pipe 3 and the single pipe 5.
  • the double pipe 3 is connected to the primary side of the shutoff valve 7, and the single pipe 5 is connected to the secondary side.
  • the piping unit 1 may also be operated differently from the typical operation, in which the cryogenic fluid flows from the single pipe 5 side to the double pipe 3 side.
  • the side of the shutoff valve 7 to which the double pipe 3 is connected is called the primary side
  • the side to which the single pipe 5 is connected is called the secondary side.
  • the double pipe 3 and the single pipe 5 are connected to the valve box 9 of the shutoff valve 7.
  • the valve box 9 is joined to the double pipe 3 and the single pipe 5 by welding.
  • the method of joining the valve box 9 to the pipes 3 and 5 is not limited to welding, and any method such as flange connection or screw connection can be used.
  • Inside the valve box 9, a valve body for adjusting the shutoff or flow rate, a valve shaft for operating the valve body, etc. are arranged inside the valve box 9, a valve body for adjusting the shutoff or flow rate, a valve shaft for operating the valve body, etc. are arranged inside the valve box 9, a valve body for adjusting the shutoff or flow rate, a valve shaft for operating the valve body, etc. are arranged inside the valve box 9, a valve body for adjusting the shutoff or flow rate, a valve shaft for operating the valve body, etc. are arranged inside the valve box 9, a valve body for adjusting the shutoff or flow rate, a valve shaft for operating the valve body, etc. are arranged inside
  • the primary side of the shutoff valve 7 is in contact with the cryogenic fluid in the double pipe 3, so the cold heat from this cryogenic fluid is transferred to the shutoff valve 7 and the portion of the single pipe 5 on the secondary side surrounding the shutoff valve 7, causing it to become deeply cooled.
  • "deep cooling" of the pipe surface means that the temperature of the pipe surface becomes extremely low.
  • liquefied oxygen may be generated if the pipe is exposed to the outside air.
  • liquefied oxygen may be generated on the pipe surface at temperatures below -183°C.
  • a cover 11 is provided that covers the portion of the single pipe 5 that is exposed from the valve box 9 of the shutoff valve 7, and forms a second vacuum insulation layer 21 between the single pipe 5.
  • the second vacuum insulation layer 21 is also formed between the single pipe 5 and the cover 11 on the secondary side of the shutoff valve 7.
  • the shutoff valve 7 in this embodiment is provided with a vacuum jacket 23 that covers the valve box 9, and the cover 11 is formed by the single pipe side end 23a of the vacuum jacket 23 and a cylindrical member 25 connected to this single pipe side end 23a.
  • one end of the vacuum jacket 23 on the single pipe 5 side extends beyond the valve box 9 in the axial direction toward the single pipe side, and the cover 11 is formed by the single pipe side end 23a, which is a part of the vacuum jacket 23 that extends beyond the valve box 9, and the cylindrical member 25.
  • the cylindrical member 25 constituting the cover 11 can be configured, for example, as a single pipe arranged outside the single pipe 5.
  • the cylindrical member 25 can be formed as a single pipe having the same material and/or pipe diameter as the outer pipe 17 of the double pipe 3.
  • the end of the cylindrical member 25 opposite the shutoff valve 7 is closed by a lid portion 25a.
  • the cylindrical member 25 has an approximately cylindrical shape.
  • the cylindrical member 25 may be configured from multiple divided cylinders, for example, two divided cylinders, or three or more divided cylinders.
  • the shape of the cylindrical member 25 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be another cylindrical shape, such as a rectangular cylinder.
  • cover 11 refers to an element that covers the portion of the single pipe 5 that is exposed from the valve box 9 of the shutoff valve 7 and forms a second vacuum insulation layer 21 between the single pipe 5, as described above, regardless of the form of the element that covers the single pipe 5, such as the specific form of the vacuum jacket 23 in the example of Figure 1 and/or the positional relationship between the vacuum jacket 23 and the tubular member 25.
  • the cover 11 is formed by the single pipe side end 23a of the vacuum jacket 23 and the tubular member 25.
  • the end of the tubular member 25 opposite the shutoff valve 7 is closed by the lid portion 25a.
  • the cover 11 is formed by the single pipe side end 23a of the vacuum jacket 23 of FIG. 2A.
  • the end of the single pipe side end 23a opposite the shutoff valve 7 is closed by the lid portion 23b of the vacuum jacket 23.
  • FIG. 2B as another modified example, when the tubular member 25 is provided so as to cover the single pipe side end 23a of the vacuum jacket 23 as well, the covering portion 25b of the tubular member 25 that covers the exposed portion of the single pipe 5 becomes the cover 11.
  • the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 are in communication with each other. Specifically, the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 are in communication with each other through the space between the valve box 9 of the shutoff valve 7 and the vacuum jacket 23. If a partition wall is provided between these vacuum insulation layers 19 and 12, the partition wall may be cooled deeply due to heat transfer from the cryogenic fluid on the primary side of the shutoff valve 7, and as a result, the surface of the cover 11 connected to the partition wall may be cooled deeply. Therefore, by configuring the first and second vacuum insulation layers 19 and 21 to be in communication with each other, it is possible to suppress the cover 11 from being cooled deeply.
  • the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 can be evacuated simultaneously using a common vacuum pump, making it easy to manage the vacuum. However, it is not essential that the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 are in communication with each other.
  • the axial length L1 of the cover 11 is longer than the length L2 from the axial position P of the fluid communication blocking portion on the double pipe side of the shutoff valve 7 to the axial end 9a on the single pipe 5 side of the valve box 9.
  • the "fluid communication blocking portion” may vary depending on the specific structure of the shutoff valve 7, but in the case of the above-mentioned globe valve, it is the downstream end of the primary flow path when the valve body is closed.
  • the axial position P is shown at approximately the center position in the axial direction of the valve box 9, but may be a different position depending on the specific structure of the shutoff valve 7.
  • the axial length L1 of the cover 11 may be, for example, 250 mm or more. With this configuration, the cover 11 can cover a portion of the single pipe 5 that is sufficiently distant from the position P, which is the starting point of deep cooling, and the generation of liquid oxygen due to deep cooling of the pipe surface can be more reliably prevented.
  • the axial length L1 of the cover 11 is not limited to this example.
  • the single pipe 5 has a pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31 that allows changes in axial length in the portion covered by the cover 11.
  • the single pipe 5 has a bellows as the pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31.
  • the pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31 may be configured to allow, for example, radial displacement in addition to changes in the axial length of the single pipe 5. This configuration can prevent high stress from occurring in the connection portion between the single pipe 5 and the cover 11, and can prevent deformation and damage.
  • a pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31 such as a bellows, the heat transfer distance of the inner pipe 5 inside the cover 11 is increased, so that the transfer of cold to the outside of the cover 11 can be more effectively prevented.
  • the expansion and contraction allowance portion that allows the change in the axial length can be provided in at least one of the cover 11 and the portion of the single pipe 5 covered by the cover 11.
  • the cover 11 may be provided with a cover expansion and contraction allowance portion 33 that allows the change in the axial length.
  • the cover 11 has a bellows as the cover expansion and contraction allowance portion 33.
  • the cover expansion and contraction allowance portion 33 may be configured to allow, for example, radial displacement in addition to the change in the axial length of the cover 11.
  • the cover expansion and contraction allowance portion 33 is effective in allowing thermal contraction of the inner pipe 15 and absorbing the thermal contraction difference between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. With this configuration, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of high stress in the connection portion between the single pipe 5 and the cover 11, and to suppress deformation and damage. When such an expansion and contraction allowance portion is provided in the cover 11, inspection is easier than when it is provided in the single pipe 5 covered by the cover 11.
  • the cover 11 may have a curved shape in the lid portion 25a on the side opposite the valve box 9.
  • the lid portion 25a is curved so as to smoothly reduce in diameter from the peripheral wall of the cover 11 toward the single pipe 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example in which the lid portion 25a of the cover 11 has the above-mentioned curved shape instead of providing the pipe expansion and contraction allowance portion 31 in the piping unit 1 shown in FIG. 1, but in addition to providing either or both of the pipe expansion and contraction allowance portion 31 and the cover expansion and contraction allowance portion 33, the lid portion 25a of the cover 11 may have the above-mentioned curved shape.
  • the piping unit 1 is provided with a temperature measuring device 35 that measures the temperature of the single pipe 5.
  • the temperature measuring device 35 has a temperature sensor element 35a that detects the temperature of the detection target, and the temperature sensor element 35a is disposed at the end 5a of the portion of the single pipe 5 that is covered by the cover 11.
  • the temperature measuring device 35 may include, in appropriate locations, various circuits for performing necessary processing such as signal conversion processing and arithmetic processing on the obtained detected amount, memory for storing information required for these processes, a power supply element such as a battery or a power supply circuit for receiving power from an external source, and a transmission circuit for transmitting the output signal to the outside via a wired or wireless connection.
  • various circuits for performing necessary processing such as signal conversion processing and arithmetic processing on the obtained detected amount
  • memory for storing information required for these processes
  • a power supply element such as a battery or a power supply circuit for receiving power from an external source
  • a transmission circuit for transmitting the output signal to the outside via a wired or wireless connection.
  • an additional shutoff valve 37 may be provided in the portion of the single pipe 5 exposed from the cover 11.
  • the portion of the single pipe 5 exposed from the cover 11 may be covered with a heat insulating material 39.
  • a heat insulating material 39 By configuring in this manner, the single pipe 5 can be appropriately insulated when a cryogenic fluid is temporarily flowed from the double pipe 5 to the single pipe 5.
  • the area covered with the heat insulating material 39 can be determined arbitrarily according to the temperature of the pipe surface, etc.
  • a vacuum insulation panel can be used as the heat insulating material 39.
  • the heat insulating material 39 may be a powder instead of a panel-shaped member.
  • the material used as the heat insulating material 39 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, an organic polymer material such as polyurethane foam or polyethylene foam, or an inorganic material such as perlite.
  • the additional shutoff valve 37 shown in FIG. 5 and the insulation material 39 shown in FIG. 6 can be combined with any of the modified configurations described above.
  • the piping unit 1 can be provided with various valves and measuring instruments as necessary.
  • a vacuum gauge can be provided at any location that communicates with the second vacuum insulation layer 21 formed by the cover 11.
  • the piping unit 1 is used for transporting liquefied hydrogen. Since liquefied hydrogen has a lower temperature than liquefied oxygen, there are great advantages to using the piping unit 1 described above. However, as described above, the piping unit 1 according to this embodiment can also be used for transporting things other than liquefied hydrogen.
  • the piping unit 1 includes a double pipe 3 having an inner pipe 15 through which a cryogenic fluid passes and an outer pipe 17 that covers the outside of the inner pipe 15 and forms a first vacuum insulation layer 19 between the inner pipe 15, a single pipe 5 separate from the double pipe 3, a shutoff valve 7 that connects the double pipe 3 and the single pipe 5, and a cover 11 that covers the portion of the single pipe 5 exposed from the valve box 9 of the shutoff valve 7 and forms a second vacuum insulation layer 21 between the single pipe 5.
  • the cover 11 covers the portion of the single pipe 5 that extends a predetermined length from the valve box of the shutoff valve 7, thereby preventing the deeply cooled portion of the single pipe from being exposed to the outside air.
  • the piping unit 1 according to the second aspect of this embodiment may be the piping unit according to the first aspect, in which the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 are connected to each other.
  • the first vacuum insulation layer 19 and the second vacuum insulation layer 21 can be evacuated using a common vacuum pump, making it easy to manage the vacuum.
  • the piping unit 1 according to the third aspect of this embodiment may be the piping unit according to the first or second aspect, in which the axial length L1 of the cover 11 is longer than the length L2 from the axial position P of the fluid communication cut-off portion on the double pipe 3 side of the shutoff valve 7 to the axial end 9a of the valve box 9 on the single pipe 5 side.
  • the cover 11 can cover the single pipe 5 up to a portion sufficiently away from the position P, which is the starting point of deep cooling, and the generation of liquid oxygen due to deep cooling of the pipe surface can be more reliably prevented.
  • the piping unit 1 according to the fourth aspect of this embodiment may be a piping unit according to any one of the first to third aspects, in which at least one of the cover 11 and the portion of the single pipe 5 covered by the cover 11 has an expansion/contraction allowing portion that allows for a change in axial length, i.e., the cover expansion/contraction allowing portion 33 and/or the pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31.
  • This configuration can prevent high stress from occurring at the connection portion between the single pipe 5 and the cover 11, and can prevent deformation and damage.
  • the pipe expansion/contraction allowing portion 31 is provided, the heat transfer distance in the single pipe 5 increases, so that the transfer of cold to the outside of the cover 11 can be more effectively prevented.
  • the piping unit 1 according to the fifth aspect of this embodiment may be a piping unit according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, in which an additional shutoff valve 37 is provided in the portion of the single pipe 5 exposed from the cover 11. With this configuration, the flow of the cryogenic fluid can be shut off more reliably.
  • the piping unit 1 according to the sixth aspect of this embodiment may be a piping unit according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, in which a temperature sensor element 35a for detecting the temperature of the single pipe 5 is disposed at the end of the portion of the single pipe 5 that is covered by the cover 11.
  • a temperature sensor element 35a for detecting the temperature of the single pipe 5 is disposed at the end of the portion of the single pipe 5 that is covered by the cover 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité de tuyauterie (1) pour le transfert de fluide cryogénique, l'unité de tuyauterie comprenant : une tuyauterie double (3) ayant un tuyau interne (15) à travers lequel un fluide cryogénique passe, et un tuyau externe (17) qui recouvre l'extérieur du tuyau interne (15) et forme une première couche d'isolation sous vide (19) conjointement avec le tuyau interne (15) ; une tuyauterie simple (5) qui est séparée de la tuyauterie double (3) ; et une soupape d'arrêt (7) qui relie la tuyauterie double (3) et la tuyauterie simple (5), l'unité de tuyauterie comportant un couvercle (11) qui recouvre une partie de la tuyauterie simple (5) qui fait saillie à partir d'une boîte à soupape (9) de la soupape d'arrêt (7), le couvercle (11) formant une seconde couche d'isolation sous vide (21) conjointement avec la tuyauterie simple (5).
PCT/JP2022/038129 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Unité de tuyauterie pour transfert de fluide cryogénique WO2024079830A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/038129 WO2024079830A1 (fr) 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Unité de tuyauterie pour transfert de fluide cryogénique

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/038129 WO2024079830A1 (fr) 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Unité de tuyauterie pour transfert de fluide cryogénique

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010169185A (ja) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 低温液化ガス用真空断熱配管
JP2016509550A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2016-03-31 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 航空機及び組み込み式極低温燃料システム
KR102111473B1 (ko) * 2019-08-09 2020-05-15 (주)앤써 진공 단열 배관

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010169185A (ja) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 低温液化ガス用真空断熱配管
JP2016509550A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2016-03-31 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 航空機及び組み込み式極低温燃料システム
KR102111473B1 (ko) * 2019-08-09 2020-05-15 (주)앤써 진공 단열 배관

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