WO2023182366A1 - Procédé de refroidissement pour réservoir de stockage de gaz liquéfié - Google Patents

Procédé de refroidissement pour réservoir de stockage de gaz liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023182366A1
WO2023182366A1 PCT/JP2023/011262 JP2023011262W WO2023182366A1 WO 2023182366 A1 WO2023182366 A1 WO 2023182366A1 JP 2023011262 W JP2023011262 W JP 2023011262W WO 2023182366 A1 WO2023182366 A1 WO 2023182366A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
space
liquefied gas
gas
cool
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/011262
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
太一郎 下田
晴彦 冨永
麻子 三橋
章司 池島
邦彦 持田
翔 樋渡
広崇 ▲高▼田
隆博 中島
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Publication of WO2023182366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023182366A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method for cooling down a liquefied gas storage tank.
  • cooling down when storing low-temperature liquefied gas in a tank, in order to avoid rapid cooling of the tank by filling a room-temperature tank with a large amount of liquefied gas to be stored at once, the tank is cooled at a relatively low speed (hereinafter referred to as "cool down").
  • an object of the present disclosure is to suppress the pressure drop in the space between the inner and outer tanks during cool-down of a multi-layered heat-insulated structure tank for storing liquefied gas, and to maintain the integrity of the tank structure. .
  • a method for cooling down a liquefied gas storage tank includes: A method for cooling a tank including an inner tank and an outer tank for storing liquefied gas before filling it with the liquefied gas to be stored, the method comprising: Introducing a cooling liquefied gas into the inner tank space; supplying liquefied gas to the space between the inner and outer tanks when the pressure in the space between the inner and outer tanks becomes a predetermined value or less after starting the introduction of the cooling liquefied gas; including.
  • the cool-down method for a liquefied gas storage tank it is possible to suppress the pressure drop in the space between the inner and outer tanks and maintain the integrity of the tank structure during the cool-down of a multi-layered heat-insulated structure tank for storing liquefied gas. can.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a liquefied gas storage tank to which a cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an initial state before the start of a cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing one state during cooling of the inner tank in the cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another state during cooling of the inner tank in the cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a state during cooling of the inner tank in a cool-down method according to a modified example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a state during cooling of the inner tank in a cool-down method according to another modification of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has been completed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a liquefied gas storage tank (hereinafter simply referred to as “storage tank”) 1 to which a cool-down method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • This storage tank 1 is a tank for storing liquefied hydrogen, and is configured as a double shell tank including an inner tank 3 and an outer tank 5.
  • “cool down” means cooling the storage tank 1 before filling the storage tank 1 with the liquefied gas to be stored.
  • liquefied hydrogen at an extremely low temperature (approximately -250° C.) will be explained as an example of the liquefied gas to be stored.
  • liquefied gas can also include other types of gas, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG, approximately -45°C), liquefied ethylene gas (LEG, approximately -100°C), liquefied natural gas (LNG, approximately -160°C), It may be helium (LHe, about ⁇ 270° C.) or the like.
  • the storage tank 1 is installed, for example, on a ship such as a liquefied hydrogen carrier.
  • the liquefied hydrogen storage facility in which the storage tank 1 is installed is not limited to this example as long as it has a structure and function capable of storing liquefied hydrogen.
  • the liquefied hydrogen storage facility in which the storage tank 1 is installed may be, for example, a ship that uses liquefied hydrogen as a propulsion fuel, a land-based liquefied hydrogen storage facility other than a ship, or a plant that uses liquefied hydrogen. It's fine.
  • the storage tank 1 is configured as a double shell tank having an inner tank 3 and an outer tank 5.
  • the inner tank 3 has an inner tank shell that forms a storage space (hereinafter referred to as "inner tank interior space 7") for liquefied hydrogen to be stored, and an outer circumferential surface of the inner tank shell. It has an inner tank heat insulation layer that covers the inner tank.
  • the outer tank 5 has an outer tank shell that forms an inter-inner/outer tank space 9 that is a heat insulating layer between it and the inner tank 3, and an outer tank heat insulating layer that covers the outer peripheral surface of the outer tank shell. Note that the locations where the heat insulating layers of the inner tank 3 and the outer tank 5 are installed are not limited to this example, but are arbitrary.
  • the heat insulating layers may be installed so as to cover the inner circumferential surface of the outer tank shell.
  • one or both of the heat-insulating layers of the inner tank 3 and the outer tank 5 may be omitted.
  • This storage tank 1 is normally operated with low-temperature hydrogen gas sealed in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks, which is a heat insulating layer.
  • a communication passage 11 is provided that communicates the inner tank interior space 7 and the outer and outer tank space 9.
  • the communication path 11 is configured to be openable and closable.
  • a vaporized gas discharge passage 13 that discharges vaporized gas of liquefied hydrogen (hereinafter simply referred to as “vaporized gas”) G1 generated in the inner tank space 7 to the outside of the storage tank 1 and a hydrogen gas introduction passage 15 that introduces hydrogen gas (hereinafter referred to as "external hydrogen gas”) G2 from a hydrogen gas source (not shown) provided outside the storage tank 1 into the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks.
  • a connecting passage 17 connecting the vaporized gas discharge passage 13 and the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15 is provided outside the storage tank 1.
  • a communication passage 11 is formed by the vaporized gas discharge passage 13, the connection passage 17, and the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15. Further, an on-off valve 19 is provided in the communication passage 11, and the communication passage 11 is configured to be openable and closable by this on-off valve 19.
  • the on-off valve 19 is provided in a portion of the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15 downstream of the connection point with the connection passage 17, but the position and number of the on-off valves 19 are not limited to this example.
  • the on-off valve 19 may be a valve that can be opened and closed manually, or may be a valve that is automatically opened and closed according to a set differential pressure.
  • the specific configuration of the communication path 11 between the inner tank interior space 7 and the outer and outer tank space 9 and the specific configuration that allows the communication path 11 to be opened and closed are not limited to this example.
  • the above-mentioned "hydrogen gas source” may have any configuration as long as it can serve as a supply source of hydrogen gas, and is typically a tank that stores hydrogen gas, but for example, it may be a tank that stores liquefied hydrogen. It may also be a combination of a tank and a vaporizer.
  • an inner tank temperature detection device 21 that detects the temperature of the inner tank 3
  • an inner tank space pressure detection device 23 that monitors the pressure of the inner tank space 7
  • a temperature detection device 23 that detects the temperature of the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks.
  • the inner and outer tank space temperature detection device 25 detects the pressure in the inner and outer tank space 9
  • the inner and outer tank space pressure sensor 27 detects the pressure in the inner and outer tank space 9.
  • the device is equipped with a memory for storing the data, a power source circuit such as a power supply element such as a battery or a power supply circuit for receiving power supply from the outside, a transmission circuit for transmitting the output signal to the outside by wire or wirelessly, and the like.
  • a temperature sensing device and a pressure sensing device a device that measures parts other than those described above, such as an inner tank temperature sensing device or an outer tank temperature sensing device, may be provided.
  • only the necessary temperature sensing devices and pressure sensing devices may be provided depending on the embodiment of the cool-down method described later.
  • the on-off valve 19 of the communication passage 11 is closed in the storage tank 1 in the initial state at the time of starting the cool-down shown in FIG.
  • hydrogen gas exists at room temperature and atmospheric pressure (0 kPaG), for example.
  • the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen gas in the initial state are not limited to room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
  • liquefied hydrogen for cooling hereinafter simply referred to as "hydrogen for cooling” CH is introduced into the inner tank space 7.
  • cooling hydrogen CH is sprayed into the inner tank space 7 using the sprayer 29 .
  • the temperature of the inner tank 3 is reduced.
  • the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks is cooled by the cold heat transmitted from the inner tank inner space 7 via the inner tank wall surface, and the temperature of the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks also decreases.
  • the pressure increases due to heat contraction accompanying cooling of the inner tank 3 and vaporized gas G1 in which cooling hydrogen CH is vaporized.
  • the pressure decreases due to a relative increase in volume due to thermal contraction of the inner tank 3 and a decrease in temperature.
  • first predetermined pressure a predetermined value (hereinafter, this pressure will be referred to as "first predetermined pressure") after starting the introduction of liquefied hydrogen CH for cooling.
  • first predetermined pressure a predetermined value
  • the communication passage 11 is brought into an open state.
  • the vaporized gas G1 generated in the inner tank space 7 flows into the inner and outer tank space 9 via the communication passage 11 due to the pressure difference between the two spaces 7 and 9.
  • the first predetermined pressure is set based on the minimum allowable pressure of the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks in consideration of the mechanical strength of the inner tank 3 and the outer tank 5, and is, for example, ⁇ 20 kPaG.
  • a pressure difference adjustment device For example, if the pressure in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks is excessively low, a device 31 (hereinafter simply referred to as a "gas feeding device") that forcibly feeds hydrogen gas to the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks is connected.
  • the gas supply device 31 may be provided on the passage 11, for example in the connection passage 17, and supply the vaporized gas G1 in the inner tank space 7 to the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks.
  • the gas supply device 31 is a device that moves gas by applying pressure to the gas, such as a turbo or positive displacement compressor, blower, or fan.
  • external hydrogen gas G2 may be supplied from the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15 to the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks.
  • the gas supply device 31 may be provided on the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15, and a bypass passage 15a may be provided for when the gas supply device 31 is not used. good.
  • the hydrogen gas in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks may be exhausted using the exhaust device 33, as shown as a modification in FIG. 2E.
  • this exhaust device 33 can be provided on a dedicated exhaust passage 35.
  • the installation mode of the exhaust device 33 is not limited to this example, and it may be provided, for example, in the middle of the hydrogen gas introduction passage 15.
  • the "predetermined range" of the pressure difference between the inner tank space 7 and the outer and outer tank space 9 is determined, for example, based on the set pressure of a safety valve installed in the inner tank 3. Note that it is not essential to provide the exhaust device 33 in the exhaust passage 35. For example, when the pressure in the inner tank space 7 is kept higher than atmospheric pressure, the gas in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks can be discharged only through the exhaust passage 35.
  • a temperature adjustment device (not shown) is provided on the communication path 11 (for example, the hydrogen gas introduction path 15), and the temperature adjustment device is used to supply hydrogen gas whose temperature is adjusted to about the first predetermined temperature into the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks. may be introduced.
  • cool down is performed using liquefied hydrogen for cooling, but cool down may be performed using liquefied gas other than liquefied hydrogen.
  • the cooldown may be performed in stages, such as introducing liquefied nitrogen from a state in which air is present in the inner tank 3, and then replacing the nitrogen with hydrogen.
  • FIG. 1 shows an independent double-shell tank formed independently of the ship's hull as an example of the storage tank 1
  • the cool-down method according to the present embodiment is not limited to this example. , can be applied to any type of storage tank.
  • the cool-down method according to the present embodiment can also be applied to a type of storage tank that is formed integrally with the hull.
  • the multiple structure of the storage tank may be a triple structure or more, and the cool-down method according to the present embodiment can be applied to the internal tank space and any other inter-tank space of such a multiple structure. can.
  • the cool down according to the present embodiment is typically performed, for example, after construction of the storage tank 1, after construction of liquefied gas storage equipment such as a ship in which the storage tank 1 is installed, or after the construction of the equipment or the storage tank 1. Maintenance is carried out after warming up the storage tank 1 and before loading it again.
  • the cool-down method according to the present embodiment is also applied when carrying out an empty voyage (ballast voyage) after unloading the liquefied gas in the storage tank 1 when the storage tank 1 is installed on a ship. be able to. That is, during a ballast voyage, the temperature of the inner tank 3 may gradually rise, and in that case, the above-mentioned cool-down method can be applied.
  • the liquefied gas left in the inner tank 3 for cooling down without unloading is used to cool down the pumps etc. installed in the inner tank 3.
  • a feeding device transports the liquefied gas to the top of the tank for cooling down.
  • liquefied gas or vaporized gas for cooling down may be supplied from other storage tanks 1.
  • the drop in pressure in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks is suppressed, so the minimum allowable pressure in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks is maintained, taking into account the mechanical strength of the inner tank 3 and the outer tank 5. This makes it easier to maintain the integrity of the tank structure.
  • the hydrogen gas supply described above is performed by opening the communication path 11 between the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks and the inner tank space 7 to remove the vaporized gas G1 generated in the inner tank space 7. This may also be done by supplying. Thereby, hydrogen gas can be supplied to the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks with a simple structure and at low cost by utilizing hydrogen for cooling.
  • the cool-down method after hydrogen gas is supplied to the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks, if the pressure in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks rises to a predetermined value, or the temperature in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks reaches a predetermined value. When the temperature decreases, the supply of hydrogen gas may be stopped. This prevents the pressure in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks from increasing excessively and the temperature from decreasing excessively, thereby preventing hydrogen gas from condensing in the space 9 between the inner and outer tanks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Le présent procédé de refroidissement d'un réservoir servant à stocker un gaz liquéfié et équipé d'une section de réservoir interne (3) et d'une section de réservoir externe (5) avant le remplissage du réservoir avec le gaz liquéfié à stocker comprend : l'introduction du gaz liquéfié (CH) pour le refroidissement dans un espace interne (7) de la section de réservoir interne ; et la fourniture du gaz liquéfié dans un espace (9) entre les sections de réservoir interne et externe lorsque l'introduction du gaz liquéfié (CH) pour le refroidissement est démarrée, puis la pression dans l'espace (9) entre les sections de réservoir interne et externe devient inférieure ou égale à une valeur prédéterminée.
PCT/JP2023/011262 2022-03-23 2023-03-22 Procédé de refroidissement pour réservoir de stockage de gaz liquéfié WO2023182366A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022046801A JP2023140785A (ja) 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 液化ガス貯蔵タンクのクールダウン方法
JP2022-046801 2022-03-23

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WO2023182366A1 true WO2023182366A1 (fr) 2023-09-28

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS588900A (ja) * 1981-07-09 1983-01-19 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 二重構造低温タンク
JPH06159598A (ja) * 1992-11-25 1994-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 液化ガスの貯蔵設備
WO2016052374A1 (fr) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 川崎重工業株式会社 Système de transport d"hydrogène liquéfié
JP2018194116A (ja) * 2017-05-19 2018-12-06 川崎重工業株式会社 低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク
WO2020202578A1 (fr) * 2019-04-05 2020-10-08 川崎重工業株式会社 Réservoir à double coque et transporteur de gaz liquéfié
JP2021177088A (ja) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-11 川崎重工業株式会社 液化水素貯留方法および液化水素貯留システム

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS588900A (ja) * 1981-07-09 1983-01-19 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 二重構造低温タンク
JPH06159598A (ja) * 1992-11-25 1994-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 液化ガスの貯蔵設備
WO2016052374A1 (fr) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-07 川崎重工業株式会社 Système de transport d"hydrogène liquéfié
JP2018194116A (ja) * 2017-05-19 2018-12-06 川崎重工業株式会社 低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク
WO2020202578A1 (fr) * 2019-04-05 2020-10-08 川崎重工業株式会社 Réservoir à double coque et transporteur de gaz liquéfié
JP2021177088A (ja) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-11 川崎重工業株式会社 液化水素貯留方法および液化水素貯留システム

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