WO2024078198A1 - 一种储能系统控制方法、装置及储能系统 - Google Patents

一种储能系统控制方法、装置及储能系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024078198A1
WO2024078198A1 PCT/CN2023/116939 CN2023116939W WO2024078198A1 WO 2024078198 A1 WO2024078198 A1 WO 2024078198A1 CN 2023116939 W CN2023116939 W CN 2023116939W WO 2024078198 A1 WO2024078198 A1 WO 2024078198A1
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Prior art keywords
frequency
voltage
phase shift
shift angle
energy storage
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PCT/CN2023/116939
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张文平
王一鸣
许颇
周东
程琨
季建强
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锦浪科技股份有限公司
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Priority to AU2023348038A priority Critical patent/AU2023348038A1/en
Priority to DE112023000289.4T priority patent/DE112023000289T5/de
Publication of WO2024078198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024078198A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an energy storage system control method, device and energy storage system.
  • the commonly used photovoltaic energy storage system architecture is a common DC bus structure. As shown in Figure 2, photovoltaics are connected to the bus via DC/DC, batteries are connected to the bus via bidirectional DC/DC, and the grid and loads are connected to the bus via DC/AC.
  • the bidirectional DC/DC on the battery side often uses the LLC plus Buck/Boost topology. This topology is a two-stage structure that makes it easy to flexibly match the battery voltage and the bus voltage. The disadvantages are high cost and large size. In comparison, single-stage LLC has more advantages in cost and size, and is therefore increasingly being adopted.
  • the control method of the single-stage LLC energy storage system is as follows: Taking the grid-connected mode as an example (the off-grid mode is similar), LLC adopts open-loop control and works at a fixed switching frequency, and the battery side power is realized by DC/AC power control.
  • the battery side is equivalent to a voltage source
  • the DC/AC is equivalent to a current source
  • the PV side performs MPPT operation or derated operation according to the bus voltage value.
  • This control method is simple, but the main disadvantages are: 1) For a single-phase system, a large amount of 100Hz reactive current flows into the battery, causing a large amount of low-frequency ripple in the battery current; 2) The bus voltage is completely determined by the battery side, without taking into account the PV voltage. When the MPPT voltage of the PV is higher than the bus voltage, it will operate at a derated rate, so as to sacrifice part of the power.
  • the problem solved by the present invention is how to achieve low-frequency ripple suppression under the condition of avoiding photovoltaic derating operation.
  • the present invention provides a method for controlling an energy storage system, comprising: obtaining a PV voltage, a battery voltage and a grid-side voltage, determining a bus voltage reference value according to the PV voltage, the battery voltage and the grid-side voltage, and determining a reference phase shift angle or a reference frequency according to the bus voltage reference value; obtaining a battery-side current, and determining a bridge arm phase shift angle variation or a frequency variation according to a low-frequency component of the battery-side current that needs to be suppressed; determining a bridge arm phase shift angle according to the reference phase shift angle and the bridge arm phase shift angle variation, or determining a switching frequency according to the reference frequency and the frequency variation; determining a switching frequency according to the bridge arm phase shift angle; and determining a switching frequency according to the reference frequency and the frequency variation.
  • the arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency suppresses low frequency ripple.
  • determining the bus voltage reference value according to the PV voltage, the battery voltage and the grid-side voltage includes: determining a first bus voltage according to the PV voltage, determining a second bus voltage according to the battery voltage, determining a third bus voltage according to the grid-side voltage, and determining the bus voltage reference value according to the maximum value of the first bus voltage, the second bus voltage and the third bus voltage.
  • determining the bridge arm phase shift angle change or the frequency change according to the low-frequency component that needs to be suppressed on the battery side current includes: comparing the battery side current with a preset reference value and inputting the resultant into a resonant controller that suppresses low-frequency ripple, and determining the bridge arm phase shift angle change or the frequency change according to the output of the resonant controller.
  • suppressing low-frequency ripple according to the bridge arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency includes: performing phase shift according to the bridge arm phase shift angle, or adjusting the switching frequency.
  • the phase shifting according to the bridge arm phase shift angle includes: inputting the bridge arm phase shift angle into a device driving generation module for phase shifting, so that the output voltage changes to suppress the low-frequency ripple.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: setting a maximum amplitude of the low-frequency ripple allowed to fluctuate, and the low-frequency ripple suppression action is performed only when the current ripple is greater than the maximum amplitude.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: adjusting the reference phase shift angle or the reference frequency according to load current.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: suppressing a high-frequency component of a battery side current according to the bridge arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency.
  • the energy storage system control method described in the present invention adopts a phase shifting method or a frequency modulation method to suppress low-frequency ripple.
  • the switching frequency remains unchanged, and the low-frequency ripple suppression is achieved by changing the bridge arm phase shift angle.
  • the frequency modulation method the low-frequency ripple suppression is achieved by adjusting the switching frequency.
  • the phase shifting method and the frequency modulation method are essentially to control the voltage difference on both sides of the DC/DC, thereby suppressing the low-frequency ripple; at the same time, the bus voltage reference value is determined according to the PV voltage, the battery voltage and the grid-side voltage, thereby determining the reference phase shift angle or the reference frequency, which can make the PV at the MPPT point as much as possible, and effectively avoid photovoltaic derating operation.
  • the present invention also provides an energy storage system control device, comprising a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, wherein when the computer program is read and executed by the processor, the following is achieved:
  • the energy storage system control method described above The energy storage system control device and the energy storage system control method described above have the same advantages over the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the present invention further provides an energy storage system, comprising the energy storage system control device.
  • the energy storage system and the energy storage system control method have the same advantages over the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG1 is a schematic flow chart of an energy storage system control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a single-stage LLC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a control process of a conventional single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a device driving embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG8 is a curve showing the relationship between bus voltage and battery voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a third schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG10 is a fourth schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG11 is a fifth schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG12 is a sixth schematic diagram of a low-frequency ripple suppression process of a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of high-frequency current suppression in a single-stage LLC energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an energy storage system, including: obtaining a PV voltage, a battery voltage, and a grid-side voltage, determining a bus voltage reference value according to the PV voltage, the battery voltage, and the grid-side voltage, and determining a reference phase shift angle or a reference frequency according to the bus voltage reference value; obtaining a battery-side current, and determining a bridge arm phase shift angle according to a low-frequency component of the battery-side current that needs to be suppressed. angle change or frequency change; determine the bridge arm phase shift angle according to the reference phase shift angle and the bridge arm phase shift angle change, or determine the switching frequency according to the reference frequency and the frequency change; suppress low-frequency ripple according to the bridge arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency.
  • phase shifting that is, the switching frequency remains unchanged and the phase shift angle of the bridge arm is changed.
  • frequency modulation The phase shifting method and the frequency modulation method require sampling the battery side current, which is compared with the reference value 0 and then sent to the 100Hz resonant (PR) controller.
  • the battery side current I bat is first sampled, compared with the reference value 0, and sent to the 100Hz resonant (PR) controller to achieve 100Hz low-frequency ripple suppression.
  • the output of the resonant (PR) controller is used as the bridge arm phase shift angle change ( ⁇ ), which is added to the reference phase shift angle ( ⁇ 0) to finally form the bridge arm phase shift angle ⁇ .
  • This control method actually controls the voltage difference on both sides of the DC/DC through phase shifting, thereby achieving 100Hz current suppression.
  • the low-frequency ripple is suppressed, it can provide a more stable power supply for equipment such as charging piles for electric vehicles.
  • the four devices S1 to S4 (S5 to S8 are the same) on the battery side, before phase shifting, the four tubes are 50% duty cycle, S1 and S4 are the same, S2 and S3 are the same, S1 and S2 are complementary, S3 and S4 are complementary.
  • S1 and S4 are staggered by ⁇ angle drive
  • S2 and S3 are staggered by ⁇ angle drive
  • S1 and S2 are complementary
  • S3 and S4 are complementary, so that the output voltage VB_ac changes, and the purpose of suppressing 100Hz ripple can be achieved.
  • the PV voltage (PV, Photovoltaic, solar power generation) is not taken into account.
  • the MPPT voltage of the PV is higher than the bus voltage, the PV needs to be derated, which will sacrifice some PV power.
  • the PV needs to be at the MPPT point as much as possible. The specific improvements are as follows.
  • the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 is not a fixed value, but needs to consider the PV voltage, battery voltage, and grid voltage, and then determine the bus voltage value, and then determine the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0.
  • the bus voltage needs to meet the grid connection requirements, and the grid voltage determines a minimum bus voltage V dc_Gmin ; PV needs to achieve MPPT, which determines a minimum bus voltage V dc_MPPT ; the battery operates normally and generates a bus voltage V dc_B ; the maximum value of the three voltages is the bus voltage V dc_ref required by the system, and is referenced by the bus voltage The value V dc_ref determines the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 in a closed loop.
  • the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 is a fixed value, if the fluctuation of 100Hz ripple suppression is not considered, the battery voltage and the bus voltage are approximately a straight line.
  • the voltage of the PV's MPPT is higher than the bus voltage, the PV must be derated.
  • the bus voltage is about 394V.
  • the PV's MPPT voltage is 430V, the PV must be derated to operate at 394V.
  • the bus voltage can be increased to the MPPT voltage of 430V. It can be seen that this method can effectively avoid photovoltaic derated operation, ensure photovoltaic MPPT, and maximize the use of photovoltaic power.
  • the battery side current I bat is first sampled, compared with the reference value 0, and sent to the 100Hz resonant (PR) controller to achieve 100Hz low-frequency ripple suppression.
  • the output of the resonant (PR) controller is used as the frequency change ( ⁇ f), which is added to the reference frequency (f 0 ) to finally form the switching frequency f.
  • This control method essentially controls the voltage difference between the two sides of the DC/DC by adjusting the switching frequency, thereby achieving 100Hz current suppression.
  • the frequency modulation method also needs to take into account the MPPT voltage to avoid PV derating.
  • the reference frequency f0 is not a fixed value, but needs to consider the PV voltage, battery voltage, and grid voltage, and then determine the bus voltage value, and then determine the reference phase shift angle f0 .
  • the bus voltage needs to meet the grid connection requirements, and the grid voltage determines a minimum bus voltage Vdc_Gmin ; PV needs to achieve MPPT, which determines a minimum bus voltage Vdc_MPPT ; the battery operates normally and generates a bus voltage Vdc_B ; the maximum value of the three voltages is the bus voltage Vdc_ref required by the system, and the reference frequency f0 is determined by the bus voltage reference value Vdc_ref in a closed loop.
  • the phase shift or frequency modulation method will reduce the efficiency of the system to a certain extent, it is necessary to minimize the impact on the system efficiency while suppressing the 100Hz current ripple.
  • the maximum amplitude of the low-frequency ripple allowed to fluctuate I 100Hz_limit is first set. When the current ripple is less than this amplitude, the phase shift angle change ⁇ is zero. When the current ripple exceeds this amplitude, the 100Hz low-frequency ripple suppression control is enabled, which can effectively reduce the impact of low-frequency ripple suppression on efficiency.
  • the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 is also controlled by the load current, when the load is small, the corresponding ripple current is also small, which means that a large reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 is not required for low-frequency ripple current.
  • the reference phase shift angle ⁇ 0 is also adjusted to a smaller value, which can reduce the impact on system efficiency.
  • the high-frequency component of the battery side current I bat is extracted.
  • the high-frequency component extraction module can extract the high-frequency components in the current, such as the components from 800 Hz to 5 kHz. Then a closed-loop control is performed, and the command value is zero. After PI control, a phase shift angle change ⁇ H is generated and added to the phase shift reference ⁇ 0. After control, the high-frequency components in the current can be effectively suppressed.
  • determining the bus voltage reference value according to the PV voltage, the battery voltage and the grid-side voltage includes: determining a first bus voltage according to the PV voltage, determining a second bus voltage according to the battery voltage, determining a third bus voltage according to the grid-side voltage, and determining the bus voltage reference value according to the maximum value of the first bus voltage, the second bus voltage and the third bus voltage.
  • the grid voltage determines a minimum bus voltage V dc_Gmin ; the PV needs to achieve MPPT, which determines a minimum bus voltage V dc_MPPT ; the battery operates normally, generating a bus voltage V dc_B ; the maximum value of the three voltages is the bus voltage V dc_ref required by the system.
  • determining the bridge arm phase shift angle change or the frequency change according to the low-frequency component that needs to be suppressed on the battery side current includes: comparing the battery side current with a preset reference value and inputting the resultant into a resonant controller that suppresses low-frequency ripple, and determining the bridge arm phase shift angle change or the frequency change according to the output of the resonant controller.
  • the battery side current I bat is first sampled, compared with the reference value 0, and then sent to a 100Hz resonant (PR) controller (it can also be another controller, not limited to the resonant controller) to achieve 100Hz low-frequency ripple suppression.
  • the output of the resonant (PR) controller is used as the bridge arm phase shift angle change ( ⁇ ) or frequency change ( ⁇ f).
  • suppressing low-frequency ripple according to the bridge arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency includes: performing phase shift according to the bridge arm phase shift angle, or adjusting the switching frequency.
  • the phase shifting according to the bridge arm phase shift angle includes: inputting the bridge arm phase shift angle into a device driving generation module for phase shifting, so that the output voltage changes to suppress the low-frequency ripple.
  • S1 and S4 are driven at an angle of ⁇
  • S2 and S3 are driven at an angle of ⁇
  • S1 and S2 are complementary
  • S3 and S4 are complementary, so that the output voltage VB_ac changes.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: setting a maximum amplitude of the low-frequency ripple allowed to fluctuate, and the low-frequency ripple suppression action is performed only when the current ripple is greater than the maximum amplitude.
  • the maximum amplitude I 100Hz_limit of the low-frequency ripple allowed to fluctuate is set.
  • the phase shift angle variation ⁇ is zero.
  • the 100Hz low-frequency ripple suppression control is enabled.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: adjusting the reference phase shift angle or the reference frequency according to load current.
  • the energy storage system control method further includes: suppressing a high-frequency component of a battery side current according to the bridge arm phase shift angle or the switching frequency.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage system control device, including a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, wherein when the computer program is read and executed by the processor, the energy storage system control method described above is implemented.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage system, including the above energy storage system control device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种储能系统控制方法、装置及储能系统，涉及光伏技术领域。本发明所述的储能系统控制方法，包括：获取PV电压、电池电压和网侧电压，根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值，根据所述母线电压参考值确定基准移相角或基准频率；获取电池侧电流，根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量；根据所述基准移相角和所述桥臂移相角变化量确定桥臂移相角，或根据所述基准频率和所述频率变化量确定开关频率；根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波。采用移相方式或调频方式来抑制低频纹波，进而能够抑制低频纹波；使得PV处于MPPT点，有效避免光伏降额运行。

Description

一种储能系统控制方法、装置及储能系统 技术领域
本发明涉及光伏技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种储能系统控制方法、装置及储能系统。
背景技术
目前普遍采用的光伏储能系统架构为共直流母线的结构，结合图2所示，光伏经DC/DC接入母线，电池经双向DC/DC接入母线，电网和负载经DC/AC连接入母线。电池侧的双向DC/DC常采用LLC加Buck/Boost的拓扑方式，该拓扑为两级结构，容易实现电池电压和母线电压的灵活匹配，缺点为成本高，体积大。相比而言，单级LLC在成本和体积方面更有优势，因而越来越多被采用。
结合图3和图4所示，单级LLC储能系统的控制方法如下：以并网模式为例(离网模式类似)，LLC采用开环控制，按照固定的开关频率工作，电池侧功率由DC/AC功率控制来实现。对母线来说，电池侧相当于电压源，DC/AC相当于电流源，PV侧根据母线电压值做MPPT运行或者降额运行。该控制方法简单，但主要缺点有：1)对于单相系统，有大量的100Hz无功电流流入电池，造成电池电流有大量低频纹波；2)母线电压完全由电池侧决定，没有兼顾PV电压，当PV的MPPT电压高于母线电压时，会降额运行，以至于牺牲一部分功率。
发明内容
本发明解决的问题是如何在避免光伏降额运行的条件下实现低频纹波抑制。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种储能系统控制方法，包括：获取PV电压、电池电压和网侧电压，根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值，根据所述母线电压参考值确定基准移相角或基准频率；获取电池侧电流，根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量；根据所述基准移相角和所述桥臂移相角变化量确定桥臂移相角，或根据所述基准频率和所述频率变化量确定开关频率；根据所述桥 臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波。
可选地，所述根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值包括：根据所述PV电压确定第一母线电压，根据所述电池电压确定第二母线电压，根据所述网侧电压确定第三母线电压，根据所述第一母线电压、所述第二母线电压和所述第三母线电压中的最大值确定所述母线电压参考值。
可选地，所述根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量包括：将所述电池侧电流与预设参考值比较后输入抑制低频纹波的谐振控制器，根据所述谐振控制器的输出确定所述桥臂移相角变化量或所述频率变化量。
可选地，所述根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波包括：根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相，或调整所述开关频率。
可选地，所述根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相包括：将所述桥臂移相角输入器件驱动产生模块进行移相，使得输出电压变化以抑制所述低频纹波。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：设定低频纹波允许波动的最大幅值，只有当电流纹波大于所述最大幅值时，所述低频纹波抑制动作。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：根据负载电流调整所述基准移相角或所述基准频率。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制电池侧电流高频分量。
本发明所述的储能系统控制方法，采用移相方式或调频方式来抑制低频纹波，在移相方式中，开关频率保持不变，通过改变桥臂移相角实现低频纹波抑制，在调频方式中，通过调整开关频率实现低频纹波抑制，移相方式和调频方式实质上都是对DC/DC两侧压差进行控制，进而能够抑制低频纹波；同时根据PV电压、电池电压和网侧电压确定母线电压参考值，从而确定基准移相角或基准频率，可以尽量使得PV处于MPPT点，有效避免光伏降额运行。
本发明还提供一种储能系统控制装置，包括存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质和处理器，所述计算机程序被所述处理器读取并运行时，实现如 上所述的储能系统控制方法。所述储能系统控制装置与上述储能系统控制方法相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种储能系统，包括上述储能系统控制装置。所述储能系统与上述储能系统控制方法相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的储能系统控制方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的储能系统架构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的单级LLC示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的现有单级LLC储能系统的控制过程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图一；
图6为本发明实施例的器件驱动示意图；
图7为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图二；
图8为本发明实施例的母线电压和电池电压的关系曲线；
图9为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图三；
图10为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图四；
图11为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图五；
图12为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统低频纹波抑制过程示意图六；
图13为本发明实施例的单级LLC储能系统高频电流抑制示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种储能系统控制方法，包括：获取PV电压、电池电压和网侧电压，根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值，根据所述母线电压参考值确定基准移相角或基准频率；获取电池侧电流，根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相 角变化量或频率变化量；根据所述基准移相角和所述桥臂移相角变化量确定桥臂移相角，或根据所述基准频率和所述频率变化量确定开关频率；根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波。
具体地，在本实施例中，抑制低频纹波主要采取两种方式，一种方式为移相，即开关频率保持不变，改变桥臂的移相角，另一种方式为调频。移相方式和调频方式都需要对电池侧电流进行采样，与参考值0比较后，送入100Hz谐振(PR)控制器。
(1)移相方式：
结合图5所示，首先对电池侧电流Ibat进行采样，与参考值0比较后，送入100Hz谐振(PR)控制器，实现对100Hz低频纹波抑制。谐振(PR)控制器的输出作为桥臂移相角变化量(Δφ)，该值加在基准移相角(φ0)上，最后形成桥臂移相角φ。该控制方式实质通过移相实现对DC/DC两侧压差控制，进而实现对100Hz电流抑制。当低频纹波抑制时，能够为电动汽车的充电桩等设备提供更为稳定的电源。
结合图6所示，以功率流向从电池到母线为例，电池侧的四个器件S1至S4(S5至S8同理)，未移相前，四个管子各是50％占空比，S1和S4相同，S2和S3相同，S1和S2互补，S3和S4互补。载波移相后，S1和S4错开了φ角度驱动，S2和S3错开了φ角度驱动，S1和S2互补，S3和S4互补，这样使输出电压VB_ac发生变化，进而可以实现抑制100Hz纹波目的。
由于母线电压完全由电池侧决定，没有兼顾PV电压(PV,Photovoltaic，太阳能发电)。当PV的MPPT电压高于母线电压时，PV需要降额运行，这样会牺牲一部分PV功率。为兼顾PV电压，需要尽可能使PV处于MPPT点，具体改进如下。
结合图7所示，基准移相角φ0不是一个固定值，而是需要考虑PV电压、电池电压、网侧电压，然后确定母线电压值，进而确定基准的移相角φ0。母线电压需要满足并网要求，网侧电压决定一个最低母线电压Vdc_Gmin；PV需要实现MPPT，决定一个最低的母线电压Vdc_MPPT；电池正常运行，产生一个母线电压Vdc_B；三个电压的最大值就是系统需要的母线电压Vdc_ref，并由该母线电压参考 值Vdc_ref闭环确定基准的移相角φ0。
结合图8所示，如果基准移相角φ0为固定值，如不考虑100Hz纹波抑制的波动，电池电压和母线电压近似为一条直线。当PV的MPPT的电压高于母线电压时，这时PV必须降额运行。比如电池电压为43V(具体电压数值根据实际情况确定，此处举例仅为解释说明)，这时母线电压约394V，当PV的MPPT电压为430V时，这样PV必须降额运行于394V。这时，将基准移相角φ0增加，母线电压就可以提升，提升至MPPT电压430V。由此可见，该方法可以有效避免光伏降额运行，保证光伏MPPT，最大利用光伏功率。
(2)调频方式：
结合图9所示，首先对电池侧电流Ibat进行采样，与参考值0比较后，送入100Hz谐振(PR)控制器，实现对100Hz低频纹波抑制。谐振(PR)控制器的输出作为频率变化量(Δf)，该值加在基准频率(f0)上，最后形成开关频率f。该控制方式实质通过调整开关频率实现DC/DC两侧压差控制，进而实现对100Hz电流抑制。
与移相方式类似，调频方式同样需要兼顾MPPT电压来避免光伏降额运行。结合图10所示，基准频率f0不是一个固定值，而是需要考虑PV电压、电池电压、网侧电压，然后确定母线电压值，进而确定基准的移相角f0。母线电压需要满足并网要求，网侧电压决定一个最低母线电压Vdc_Gmin；PV需要实现MPPT，决定一个最低的母线电压Vdc_MPPT；电池正常运行，产生一个母线电压Vdc_B；三个电压的最大值就是系统需要的母线电压Vdc_ref，并由该母线电压参考值Vdc_ref闭环确定基准频率f0。
由于移相或者调频的方式在一定程度上会降低系统的效率，因此在抑制100Hz电流纹波的同时，需要尽量减小对系统效率的影响。结合图11所示，首先设定低频纹波允许波动的最大幅值I100Hz_limit，当电流纹波小于该幅值时，移相角变化量Δφ为零，当电流纹波超过该幅值时，启用100Hz低频纹波抑制控制，可以有效地降低低频纹波抑制对效率带来的影响。
结合图12所示，由于基准移相角φ0还受负载电流控制，当负载较小时，对应的纹波电流也是较小的，意味着不需要太大的基准移相角φ0进行低频纹 波抑制。当负载电流较小时，基准移相角φ0也相应调小，这样可以降低对系统效率的影响。
结合图13所示，将电池侧电流Ibat进行高频分量提取，高频分量提取模块可以将电流中高频分量提取出来，如800Hz至5kHz的分量。然后进行闭环控制，指令值为零，经过PI控制后产生相移角变化量ΔφH，加入到相移基准φ0。经过控制后，可以将电流中高频分量得到有效抑制。
可选地，所述根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值包括：根据所述PV电压确定第一母线电压，根据所述电池电压确定第二母线电压，根据所述网侧电压确定第三母线电压，根据所述第一母线电压、所述第二母线电压和所述第三母线电压中的最大值确定所述母线电压参考值。
具体地，网侧电压决定一个最低母线电压Vdc_Gmin；PV需要实现MPPT，决定一个最低的母线电压Vdc_MPPT；电池正常运行，产生一个母线电压Vdc_B；三个电压的最大值就是系统需要的母线电压Vdc_ref。
可选地，所述根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量包括：将所述电池侧电流与预设参考值比较后输入抑制低频纹波的谐振控制器，根据所述谐振控制器的输出确定所述桥臂移相角变化量或所述频率变化量。
具体地，首先对电池侧电流Ibat进行采样，与参考值0比较后，送入100Hz谐振(PR)控制器(也可以是别的控制器，不限于谐振控制器)，实现对100Hz低频纹波抑制。谐振(PR)控制器的输出作为桥臂移相角变化量(Δφ)或频率变化量(Δf)。
可选地，所述根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波包括：根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相，或调整所述开关频率。
可选地，所述根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相包括：将所述桥臂移相角输入器件驱动产生模块进行移相，使得输出电压变化以抑制所述低频纹波。
具体地，载波移相后，S1和S4错开了φ角度驱动，S2和S3错开了φ角度驱动，S1和S2互补，S3和S4互补，这样使输出电压VB_ac发生变化。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：设定低频纹波允许波动的最大幅值，只有当电流纹波大于所述最大幅值时，所述低频纹波抑制动作。
具体地，设定低频纹波允许波动的最大幅值I100Hz_limit，当电流纹波小于该幅值时，移相角变化量Δφ为零，当电流纹波超过该幅值时，启用100Hz低频纹波抑制控制。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：根据负载电流调整所述基准移相角或所述基准频率。
可选地，所述储能系统控制方法还包括：根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制电池侧电流高频分量。
本发明另一实施例提供一种储能系统控制装置，包括存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质和处理器，所述计算机程序被所述处理器读取并运行时，实现如上所述的储能系统控制方法。
本发明另一实施例提供一种储能系统，包括上述储能系统控制装置。
虽然本发明公开披露如上，但本发明公开的保护范围并非仅限于此。本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明公开的精神和范围的前提下，可进行各种变更与修改，这些变更与修改均将落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种储能系统控制方法，包括：
    获取PV电压、电池电压和网侧电压，根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值，根据所述母线电压参考值确定基准移相角或基准频率；
    获取电池侧电流，根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量；
    根据所述基准移相角和所述桥臂移相角变化量确定桥臂移相角，或根据所述基准频率和所述频率变化量确定开关频率；
    根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，所述根据所述PV电压、所述电池电压和所述网侧电压确定母线电压参考值包括：
    根据所述PV电压确定第一母线电压，根据所述电池电压确定第二母线电压，根据所述网侧电压确定第三母线电压，根据所述第一母线电压、所述第二母线电压和所述第三母线电压中的最大值确定所述母线电压参考值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，所述根据所述电池侧电流需要抑制的低频分量确定桥臂移相角变化量或频率变化量包括：
    将所述电池侧电流与预设参考值比较后输入抑制低频纹波的谐振控制器，根据所述谐振控制器的输出确定所述桥臂移相角变化量或所述频率变化量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，所述根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制低频纹波包括：
    根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相，或调整所述开关频率。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的储能系统控制方法，所述根据所述桥臂移相角进行移相包括：
    将所述桥臂移相角输入器件驱动产生模块进行移相，使得输出电压变化以抑制所述低频纹波。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，还包括：设定低频纹波允许波动的最大幅值，只有当电流纹波大于所述最大幅值时，所述低频纹波抑制动作。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，还包括：根据负载电流调整所述基准移相角或所述基准频率。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统控制方法，还包括：根据所述桥臂移相角或所述开关频率抑制电池侧电流高频分量。
  9. 一种储能系统控制装置，包括存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质和处理器，所述计算机程序被所述处理器读取并运行时，实现如权利要求1至8任一项所述的储能系统控制方法。
  10. 一种储能系统，包括权利要求9所述的储能系统控制装置。
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