WO2024077871A1 - 盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置 - Google Patents

盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077871A1
WO2024077871A1 PCT/CN2023/082196 CN2023082196W WO2024077871A1 WO 2024077871 A1 WO2024077871 A1 WO 2024077871A1 CN 2023082196 W CN2023082196 W CN 2023082196W WO 2024077871 A1 WO2024077871 A1 WO 2024077871A1
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Prior art keywords
fixedly connected
lower side
electrodialysis
plate
membrane stack
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PCT/CN2023/082196
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李爱霞
谢英豪
余海军
张学梅
李长东
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024077871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077871A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
    • C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrodialysis technology, for example, to a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device used for extracting lithium from salt lakes.
  • electrodialysis Under the action of a direct current electric field, the selective permeability of anion and cation exchange membranes to anions and cations in a solution is used to separate solutes and water. This process is called electrodialysis.
  • electrodialysis The technology of using electrodialysis to purify and separate substances is called electrodialysis. It was originally used for seawater desalination and is now widely used in the chemical, light, metallurgical, papermaking, and pharmaceutical industries. It is particularly valued in the preparation of pure water and the treatment of three wastes in environmental protection, such as lithium extraction from salt lakes.
  • the multi-channel electrodialysis device such as the "multi-channel electrodialysis device” provided by Chinese patent application No.: CN106365273A, it includes an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate, a cylindrical membrane stack assembly is arranged between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate, the membrane stack assembly is provided with a plurality of feed liquid channels passing through the membrane stack assembly along the vertical axis direction, the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are both provided with pole liquid tubes, the pole liquid tubes are provided with pole liquid ports, the pole liquid tubes are communicated with the outside world through the pole liquid ports, at least four feed liquid ports are provided at positions corresponding to the feed liquid channels on the upper electrode plate and/or the lower electrode plate, one end of the feed liquid port communicating with the outside world is located on the side of the upper electrode plate and/or the lower electrode plate, the other end of the feed liquid port is communicated with the feed liquid channel, and the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are both provided with electrode terminals.
  • lithium extraction from salt lakes is an important way to manufacture and produce lithium resources. Compared with lithium extraction from hard rock mines, it has lower costs.
  • the most important technology in lithium extraction from salt lakes is electrodialysis technology.
  • the production time is long and the efficiency of extraction is low, resulting in low production capacity.
  • the present application provides a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from salt lakes, which solves the problem that the area of the exchange membrane in the lithium extraction technology from salt lakes is small, resulting in long production time, low efficiency during extraction, and low production capacity.
  • the present application provides a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, comprising a bottom plate, a support plate, A support plate and a base, the upper side of the base plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support plate and the lower side of the base, the upper side of the support plate is fixedly connected with a stirring mechanism, the upper side of the base plate is fixedly installed with a preliminary electrodialysis mechanism, and the lower part of the outer surface of the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism is fixedly connected with a monomer electrodialysis mechanism;
  • the monomer electrodialysis mechanism comprises an output tube, the upper side of the output tube is fixedly connected to a gathering tube, the four upper ports of the gathering tube are fixedly connected to a column shell, the inner cavity bottom surfaces of the four column shells are movably clamped with cathode rings, the upper sides of the four cathode rings are fixedly connected to a folding membrane stack, the upper sides of the four folding membrane stacks are fixedly connected to an anode plate, and there is a gap between the outer side of the folding membrane stack and the inner wall of the column shell;
  • a spring is clamped on the upper side of the anode plate, a round cover is fixedly connected to the upper side of the spring, a sealing ring is sleeved on the lower side of the round cover, an upper connecting shell is threadedly connected to the lower portion of the outer surface of the round cover, the lower side of the sealing ring is clamped to the inner wall of the round cover, the lower side of the upper connecting shell is fixedly connected to the upper side of the column shell by bolts, a connecting end pipe is threadedly connected to the outer side of the upper connecting shell, a connecting valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting end pipe, and a water outlet is fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the column shell.
  • a transfer water pump is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the outer surface of the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism, and the lower side of the transfer water pump is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base.
  • the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism includes a water pump, the lower side of the water pump is fixedly connected to an upper cover, the upper side of the upper cover is fixedly clamped with a fixing piece near the edge, and the lower end of the fixing piece is fixedly connected to a tank body.
  • a connecting ring frame is movably connected to the lower side of the upper cover, an anode ring is fixedly connected to the middle part of the connecting ring frame by bolts, a coarse membrane stack is fixedly connected to the lower side of the anode ring, and a cathode plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the coarse membrane stack.
  • the outer side of the connecting ring frame is movably connected to the inner wall of the tank body
  • the lower side of the cathode plate is movably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the tank body
  • the lower side of the tank body is fixedly connected to a supporting leg.
  • the upper portion of the outer surface of the tank body is fixedly connected to one end of the transfer water pump, the other end of the transfer water pump is fixedly connected to a box body, and the interior of the box body is fixedly connected to a bearing.
  • a stirring wheel is fixedly mounted in the middle of the bearing, and the outer side of the stirring wheel overlaps with the inner wall of the box.
  • a driven gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the stirring wheel and located on the outside of the box body, and a driving gear is meshedly connected to the outside of the driven gear.
  • a gearbox is fixedly installed in the middle of the driving gear
  • a driven pulley is fixedly installed on the other side of the gearbox
  • a belt is movably connected to the outer side of the driven pulley
  • the driving pulley is movably connected to the inner side of the belt.
  • a stepper motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the driving pulley, a support frame is fixedly connected to the lower side of the stepper motor, the upper side of the support frame is fixedly connected to the lower side of the gearbox, one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to one side of the box body, and the lower side of the support frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from a salt lake provided in the present application;
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a stirring mechanism of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from a salt lake provided in the present application;
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stirring mechanism of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from a salt lake provided in the present application from a rear view;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of a preliminary electrodialysis mechanism of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from salt lakes provided in the present application;
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of four monomer electrodialysis mechanisms of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from salt lakes provided in the present application;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a single electrodialysis mechanism of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from salt lakes provided in the present application;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the decomposed folded membrane stack of a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for lithium extraction from salt lakes provided in the present application.
  • Round cover 75. Sealing ring; 76. Upper connecting shell; 77. Spring; 78. Connecting end pipe; 79. Column shell; 710. Anode plate; 711. Folding membrane stack; 712. Cathode ring; 713. Water outlet.
  • the present application provides a high-efficiency multi-channel electrodialysis device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, which includes a bottom plate 1, a support plate 2 and a base 4.
  • the upper side of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support plate 2 and the lower side of the base 4.
  • the upper side of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to a stirring mechanism 3.
  • a preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 1.
  • the lower part of the outer surface of the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to a monomer electrodialysis mechanism 7.
  • the monomer electrodialysis mechanism 7 includes an output pipe 73.
  • the upper side of the output pipe 73 is fixedly connected to a gathering pipe 72.
  • the four upper ports of the gathering pipe 72 are fixedly connected to a column shell 79.
  • the bottom surfaces of the inner cavities of the four column shells 79 are movably clamped with cathode rings 712.
  • the four cathode rings 7 12 is fixedly connected to the upper side of each of the four folding membrane stacks 711, and an anode plate 710 is fixedly connected to the upper side of each of the four folding membrane stacks 711.
  • a spring 77 is clamped on the upper side of the anode plate 710, and a round cover 74 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the spring 77.
  • a sealing ring 75 is sleeved on the lower side of the round cover 74.
  • An upper connecting shell 76 is threadedly connected to the lower portion of the outer surface of the round cover 74, and the lower side of the sealing ring 75 is clamped to the inner wall of the round cover 74.
  • the lower side of the upper connecting shell 76 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cylindrical shell 79 by bolts.
  • a connecting end pipe 78 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the upper connecting shell 76, and the other end of the connecting end pipe 78 is fixedly connected to a connecting valve 71.
  • a water outlet 713 is fixedly connected to the outer upper portion of the cylindrical shell 79.
  • the cation-rich solution temporarily stored in the gap between the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank body 68 enters the upper connecting shell 76 through the connecting end pipe 78.
  • the round cover 74 and the upper connecting shell 76 are fixed by threads, and a sealing ring 75 is added to form a sealed space.
  • the cation-rich solution is stored in the interior of the four cylindrical shells 79.
  • the water pump 61 is started while the connecting valves 71 are opened.
  • the water pump 61 discharges the anion solution in the cylindrical cavity composed of the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67. At this time, the anode plate 710 and the cathode ring 712 are energized, and the folded membrane stack 711 works.
  • the cations in the cation-rich solution pass through the folded membrane stack 711 and enter the inner cavity of the folded membrane stack 711, and the anions are blocked in the gap between the folded membrane stack 711 and the cylindrical shell 79. Since the folded membrane stack 711 is in a folded and curved shape, the selective permeability can be improved when separating anions and cations. The efficiency of the reaction is improved, and then the collecting tube 72 is opened. The cationic solutions separated again in the inner cavities of the four folded membrane stacks 711 converge into the output tube 73, and finally a solution rich in cationic lithium ions is electrodialyzed.
  • the water outlet 713 is opened while the collecting tube 72 is opened, and a solution containing a small amount of anions is discharged from the water outlet 713 to achieve lithium ion separation. This is one cycle, and the above steps are repeated again to complete the electrodialysis operation of the remaining original halogen.
  • a monomer electrodialysis mechanism 7 By setting a monomer electrodialysis mechanism 7, multiple electrodialysis can be achieved.
  • the curved exchange membrane stack can increase the area of anion and cation exchange, increase the exchange rate, and thus increase the capacity of the electrodialysis.
  • the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6 includes a water pump 61, and the lower side of the water pump 61 is fixedly connected with an upper cover 62, and the upper side of the upper cover 62 is fixedly connected with a fixing piece 63 near the edge, and the lower end of the fixing piece 63 is fixedly connected with a tank body 68, and the lower side of the upper cover 62 is movably connected with a connecting ring frame 64, and the middle part of the connecting ring frame 64 is fixedly connected with an anode ring 65 by bolts, and the lower side of the anode ring 65 is fixedly connected with a coarse membrane stack 66, and the lower side of the coarse membrane stack 66 is fixedly connected with a cathode plate 67, the outer side of the connecting ring frame 64
  • preliminary electrodialysis is achieved to separate the anions and cations in the raw halogen for the first time, and the transfer water pump 5 starts to work to transfer the raw halogen in the box body 39 to the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6.
  • the transfer water pump 5 is turned off to stop transferring the raw halogen.
  • the coarse membrane stack 66 starts to function, and the anions in the raw halogen pass through the coarse membrane stack 66 into the cylindrical cavity formed by the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67, and the cations are stored in the gap between the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank body 68.
  • the pumping pump 61 is started while the connecting valve 71 is opened, and the pumping pump 61 discharges the anion solution in the cylindrical cavity formed by the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67.
  • the upper part of the outer surface of the tank body 68 is fixedly connected to one end of the transfer water pump 5, and the other end of the transfer water pump 5 is fixedly connected to the box body 39.
  • the interior of the box body 39 is fixedly connected to a bearing 311.
  • the middle part of the bearing 311 is fixedly installed with a stirring wheel 310.
  • the outer side of the stirring wheel 310 overlaps the inner wall of the box body 39.
  • One end of the stirring wheel 310 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the box body 39.
  • the outer side of the driven gear 31 is meshed with the driving gear 35.
  • a gearbox 36 is fixedly installed, and a driven pulley 37 is fixedly installed on the other side of the gearbox 36.
  • the outer side of the driven pulley 37 is movably connected with a belt 34, and the inner side of the belt 34 is movably connected with a driving pulley 33.
  • a stepper motor 32 is fixedly installed in the middle of the driving pulley 33, and a support frame 38 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the stepper motor 32.
  • the upper side of the support frame 38 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the gearbox 36, one side of the support frame 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the box body 39, and the lower side of the support frame 38 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate 1.
  • the precipitated and aggregated block materials in the original brine can be broken up, so that the block materials
  • the material becomes small particles
  • the stepper motor 32 drives the driving pulley 33 to rotate, and the power of the driving pulley 33 is transmitted to the driven pulley 37 through the belt 34.
  • the driven pulley 37 injects power into the gearbox 36.
  • the gearbox 36 changes speed, it drives the driving gear 35 to rotate, and the meshing driven gear 31 is driven, thereby the driven gear 31 drives the stirring wheel 310 to rotate inside the box 39.
  • the operator transfers the raw brine in the salt lake to the inside of the box 39, and the stirring wheel 310 stirs the raw brine to break up the precipitated and aggregated block materials in the raw brine, which is convenient for subsequent electrodialysis operations and avoids clogging of the pipeline.
  • the method of use and working principle of the device are as follows: by starting the stepper motor 32 to work and rotate, the stepper motor 32 drives the driving pulley 33 to rotate, the power of the driving pulley 33 is transmitted to the driven pulley 37 through the belt 34, the driven pulley 37 injects power into the gearbox 36, after the gearbox 36 changes speed, it drives the driving gear 35 to rotate, the meshing driven gear 31 is driven, and thus the driven gear 31 drives the stirring wheel 310 to rotate inside the box 39, the operator transfers the raw brine in the salt lake to the inside of the box 39, the stirring wheel 310 stirs the raw brine, breaks up the precipitated and aggregated block materials in the raw brine, and makes the block materials The substance becomes small particles, and the transfer water pump 5 starts to work to transfer the raw halogen in the box 39 to the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6.
  • the transfer water pump 5 is turned off to stop transferring the raw halogen.
  • the coarse membrane stack 66 starts to work, and the anions in the raw halogen pass through the coarse membrane stack 66 into the cylindrical cavity composed of the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67, and the cations are stored in the gap between the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank 68. Since the coarse membrane stack 66 is used as the first step of electrodialysis, some anions will still exist. Open the four connecting valves 71 to temporarily store them in the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank.
  • the cation-rich solution in the gap 68 enters the upper connecting shell 76 through the connecting end tube 78.
  • the round cover 74 and the upper connecting shell 76 are fixed by threads, and a sealing ring 75 is added to form a sealed space.
  • the cation-rich solution is stored inside the four cylindrical shells 79.
  • the cations in the cation-rich solution pass through the folded membrane stack 711 and enter the inner cavity of the folded membrane stack 711. In the cavity, anions are blocked in the gap between the folded membrane stack 711 and the column shell 79. Since the folded membrane stack 711 is folded and bent, the efficiency of selective permeability can be improved when separating anions and cations.
  • the collecting tube 72 is opened, and the cationic solutions separated again in the inner cavities of the four folded membrane stacks 711 converge into the output tube 73, and finally electrodialyze a solution rich in cationic lithium ions.
  • the collecting tube 72 is opened, the water outlet 713 is opened, and the solution containing a small amount of anions is discharged from the water outlet 713 to achieve lithium ion separation. This is one cycle, and the above steps are repeated again to complete the electrodialysis operation of the remaining original halogen.
  • multiple electrodialysis is realized by setting a monomer electrodialysis mechanism 7.
  • the curved exchange membrane stack increases the area for the exchange of anions and cations, and increases the exchange rate.
  • the cation-rich solution temporarily stored in the gap between the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank body 68 enters the upper connecting shell 76 through the connecting end tube 78.
  • the round cover 74 and the upper connecting shell 76 are fixed by threads, and a sealing ring 75 is added to form a sealed space.
  • the cation-rich solution is stored in the four cylindrical shells 79.
  • the anode plate 710 and the cathode ring 712 are energized, and the folded membrane stack 711 plays a role.
  • the cations in the liquid pass through the folded membrane stack 711 and enter the inner cavity of the folded membrane stack 711, and the anions are blocked in the gap between the folded membrane stack 711 and the column shell 79. Since the folded membrane stack 711 is in a folded and curved shape, the efficiency of selective permeability is improved when separating anions and cations.
  • the collecting tube 72 is opened, and the cationic solutions separated again in the inner cavities of the four folded membrane stacks 711 converge and enter the output tube 73, and finally electrodialyze a solution rich in cationic lithium ions.
  • the collecting tube 72 When the collecting tube 72 is opened, the water outlet 713 is opened, and the solution containing a small amount of anions is discharged from the water outlet 713 to achieve lithium ion separation. This is one cycle, and the above steps are repeated again to complete the electrodialysis operation of the remaining original halogen, thereby increasing the anion and cation exchange rate and thus increasing the capacity of the electrodialysis.
  • a stirring mechanism 3 is provided to break up the precipitated and aggregated block materials in the raw brine into small particles.
  • the stepper motor 32 drives the driving pulley 33 to rotate.
  • the power of the driving pulley 33 is transmitted to the driven pulley 37 through the belt 34.
  • the driven pulley 37 injects power into the gearbox 36.
  • the gearbox 36 changes speed, it drives the driving gear 35 to rotate, and the meshing driven gear 31 is driven, thereby the driven gear 31 drives the stirring wheel 310 to rotate inside the box 39.
  • the operator transfers the raw brine in the salt lake to the inside of the box 39.
  • the stirring wheel 310 stirs the raw brine to break up the precipitated and aggregated block materials in the raw brine, which is convenient for subsequent electrodialysis operations and avoids clogging of the pipeline.
  • preliminary electrodialysis is realized by setting a preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6, and the anions and cations in the raw halogen are separated for the first time.
  • the raw halogen inside the box body is transferred to the preliminary electrodialysis mechanism 6 by the transfer water pump 5.
  • the transfer water pump 5 is turned off and the transfer of the raw halogen is stopped.
  • the coarse membrane stack 66 begins to function, and the anions in the raw halogen pass through the coarse membrane stack 66 into the cylindrical cavity formed by the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67, and the cations are stored in the gap between the coarse membrane stack 66 and the tank body 68.
  • the pumping pump 61 is started while the connecting valve 71 is opened, and the pumping pump 61 discharges the anion solution in the cylindrical cavity formed by the coarse membrane stack 66 and the cathode plate 67.

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Abstract

一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，包括底板(1)、支撑板(2)和底座(4)，底板(1)的上侧与支撑板(2)的下侧和底座(4)的下侧固定连接，支撑板(2)的上侧固定连接有搅拌机构(3)，底板(1)的上侧固定安装有初步电渗析机构(6)，初步电渗析机构(6)的外表面下部固定连接有单体电渗析机构(7)。

Description

盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置
本申请要求在2022年10月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211257673.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电渗析技术领域，例如涉及一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置。
背景技术
在直流电场的作用下，利用阴、阳离子交换膜对溶液中的阴、阳离子的选择透过性，分离溶质和水，此过程即为电渗析，利用电渗析进行提纯和分离物质的技术称为电渗析法，最初用于海水淡化，现在广泛用于化工、轻工、冶金、造纸、医药工业，尤以制备纯水和在环境保护中处理三废最受重视，例如用于盐湖提锂。
在相关技术中，如中国专利申请号：CN106365273A提供的“一种多通道电渗析装置”，包括上电极板和下电极板，所述上电极板与所述下电极板之间设有圆柱体状膜堆组件，所述膜堆组件沿竖向轴线方向设有多个贯穿所述膜堆组件的料液道，所述上电极板与所述下电极板上均设有极液管，所述极液管上设有极液口，所述极液管通过所述极液口与外界相通，所述上电极板和/或所述下电极板上与所述料液道相应的位置设有至少四个料液口，所述料液口与外界相通的一端位于所述上电极板和/或所述下电极板的侧面，所述料液口的另一端与所述料液道相通，所述上电极板与所述下电极板上均设有电极接线柱。
但是在相关技术中，盐湖提锂是制造和生产锂资源的重要方式，相比较硬岩矿提锂来说成本较低，盐湖提锂中最主要的技术是电渗析技术，但是由于盐湖提锂技术中的交换膜的面积较小，导致生产时间长，提取时的效率较低，导致产能较低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，解决盐湖提锂技术中的交换膜的面积较小，导致生产时间长，提取时的效率较低，导致产能较低的问题。
本申请提供了一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，包括底板、支 撑板和底座，所述底板的上侧与所述支撑板的下侧和所述底座的下侧固定连接，所述支撑板的上侧固定连接有搅拌机构，所述底板的上侧固定安装有初步电渗析机构，所述初步电渗析机构的外表面下部固定连接有单体电渗析机构；
所述单体电渗析机构包括输出管，所述输出管的上侧固定连接有聚集管，所述聚集管的上侧四个端口均固定连接有柱体壳，四个柱体壳的内腔底面均活动卡接有阴极环，四个阴极环的上侧均固定连接有折叠膜堆，四个折叠膜堆的上侧均固定连接有阳极板，所述折叠膜堆的外侧和所述柱体壳的内壁存在间隙；
所述阳极板的上侧卡接有弹簧，所述弹簧的上侧固定连接有圆盖，所述圆盖的下侧套接有密封环，所述圆盖的外表面下部螺纹连接有上连接壳，所述密封环的下侧与所述圆盖的内壁卡接，所述上连接壳的下侧与所述柱体壳的上侧通过螺栓固定连接，所述上连接壳的外侧螺纹连接有连接端管，所述连接端管的另一端固定连接有连接阀，所述柱体壳的外侧上部固定连接有出水口。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述初步电渗析机构的外表面上部固定连接有转运水泵，所述转运水泵的下侧与所述底座的上侧固定连接。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述初步电渗析机构包括抽水泵，所述抽水泵的下侧固定连接有上盖，所述上盖的上侧靠近边缘处固定卡接有固定件，所述固定件的下端固定连接有罐体。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述上盖的下侧活动卡接有连接环架，所述连接环架的中部通过螺栓固定连接有阳极环，所述阳极环的下侧固定连接有粗膜堆，所述粗膜堆的下侧固定连接有阴极板。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述连接环架的外侧与所述罐体的内壁活动卡接，所述阴极板的下侧与所述罐体的内腔底部活动卡接，所述罐体的下侧固定连接有支撑腿。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述罐体的外表面上部与所述转运水泵的一端固定连接，所述转运水泵的另一端固定连接有箱体，所述箱体的内部固定连接有轴承。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述轴承的中部固定安装有搅拌轮，所述搅拌轮的外侧和所述箱体的内壁搭接。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述搅拌轮的一端且位于所述箱体的外侧固定安装有从动齿轮，所述从动齿轮的外侧啮合连接有主动齿轮。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述主动齿轮的中部固定安装有变速箱，所述变速箱的另一侧固定安装有从动带轮，所述从动带轮的外侧活动连接有皮带，所述皮带的内侧活动连接有主动带轮。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述主动带轮的中部固定安装有步进电机，所述步进电机的下侧固定连接有支撑架，所述支撑架的上侧与所述变速箱的下侧固定连接，所述支撑架的一侧与所述箱体的一侧固定连接，所述支撑架的下侧与所述底板的上侧固定连接。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置的立体结构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置的搅拌机构的立体结构示意图；
图3为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置的搅拌机构后视的结构示意图；
图4为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置的初步电渗析机构内部的结构示意图；
图5为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置四个单体电渗析机构的结构示意图；
图6为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置单体电渗析机构分解展开的结构示意图；
图7为本申请提供的一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置折叠膜堆处分解的结构示意图。
图例说明：
1、底板；
2、支撑板；
3、搅拌机构；31、从动齿轮；32、步进电机；33、主动带轮；34、皮带；
35、主动齿轮；36、变速箱；37、从动带轮；38、支撑架；39、箱体；310、搅拌轮；311、轴承；
4、底座；
5、转运水泵；
6、初步电渗析机构；61、抽水泵；62、上盖；63、固定件；64、连接环架；
65、阳极环；66、粗膜堆；67、阴极板；68、罐体；69、支撑腿；
7、单体电渗析机构；71、连接阀；72、聚集管；73、输出管；74、圆盖；
75、密封环；76、上连接壳；77、弹簧；78、连接端管；79、柱体壳；710、阳极板；711、折叠膜堆；712、阴极环；713、出水口。
具体实施方式
为了能够理解本申请，下面结合附图和实施例对本申请进行说明。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多细节以便于理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请并不限于下面公开说明书的实施例的限制。
实施例1
如图1-7所示，本申请提供了一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，该盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，包括底板1、支撑板2和底座4，底板1的上侧与支撑板2的下侧和底座4的下侧固定连接，支撑板2的上侧固定连接有搅拌机构3，底板1的上侧固定安装有初步电渗析机构6，初步电渗析机构6的外表面下部固定连接有单体电渗析机构7，单体电渗析机构7包括输出管73，输出管73的上侧固定连接有聚集管72，聚集管72的上侧四个端口均固定连接有柱体壳79，四个柱体壳79的内腔底面均活动卡接有阴极环712，四个阴极环712的上侧均固定连接有折叠膜堆711，四个折叠膜堆711的上侧均固定连接有阳极板710，折叠膜堆711的外侧和柱体壳79的内壁存在间隙，阳极板710的上侧卡接有弹簧77，弹簧77的上侧固定连接有圆盖74，圆盖74的下侧套接有密封环75，圆盖74的外表面下部螺纹连接有上连接壳76，密封环75的下侧与圆盖74的内壁卡接，上连接壳76的下侧与柱体壳79的上侧通过螺栓固定连接，上连接壳76的外侧螺纹连接有连接端管78，连接端管78的另一端固定连接有连接阀71，柱体壳79的外侧上部固定连接有出水口713。
通过打开四个连接阀71，暂时存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68间隙的富含阳离子的溶液经过连接端管78进入到上连接壳76中，圆盖74和上连接壳76之间通过螺纹固定，再加上密封环75形成密封的空间，该富含阳离子的溶液储存在四个柱体壳79的内部，在打开连接阀71的同时启动抽水泵61，抽水泵61将粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中阴离子溶液排出，此时阳极板710和阴极环712通电，折叠膜堆711发挥作用，该富含阳离子溶液中的阳离子穿过折叠膜堆711，进入到折叠膜堆711的内腔中，阴离子被阻隔在折叠膜堆711和柱体壳79的间隙中，由于折叠膜堆711是折叠弯曲的形状，进行阴阳离子的分离时，可提高选择透过 性的效率，接着打开聚集管72，四个折叠膜堆711内腔中再次分离的阳离子溶液汇聚进入到输出管73中，最终电渗析出富含阳离子锂离子的溶液，在打开聚集管72的同时打开出水口713，含有少量阴离子的溶液从出水口713排出，实现锂离子分离，此为一次循环，再次重复上述步骤，完成剩余原卤的电渗析操作，通过设置单体电渗析机构7，实现多次电渗析，同时通过弯曲的交换膜堆，提高阴阳离子交换时的面积，提高交换速率，从而提高电渗析的产能。
实施例2
如图1和图4所示，初步电渗析机构6的外表面上部固定连接有转运水泵5，转运水泵5的下侧与底座4的上侧固定连接，初步电渗析机构6包括抽水泵61，抽水泵61的下侧固定连接有上盖62，上盖62的上侧靠近边缘处固定卡接有固定件63，固定件63的下端固定连接有罐体68，上盖62的下侧活动卡接有连接环架64，连接环架64的中部通过螺栓固定连接有阳极环65，阳极环65的下侧固定连接有粗膜堆66，粗膜堆66的下侧固定连接有阴极板67，连接环架64的外侧与罐体68的内壁活动卡接，阴极板67的下侧与罐体68的内腔底部活动卡接，罐体68的下侧固定连接有支撑腿69；
通过设置初步电渗析机构6，实现初步电渗析，对原卤中的阴阳离子进行第一次分离，通过转运水泵5开始工作，将箱体39内部的原卤转移至初步电渗析机构6中，当原卤全部灌满到罐体68内部，关闭转运水泵5，停止转移原卤，在阳极环65和阴极板67通电后，粗膜堆66开始发挥作用，原卤中的阴离子穿过粗膜堆66进入到粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中，阳离子被存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68的间隙中，在打开连接阀71的同时启动抽水泵61，抽水泵61将粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中阴离子溶液排出。
实施例3
如图1、图2和图3所示，罐体68的外表面上部与转运水泵5的一端固定连接，转运水泵5的另一端固定连接有箱体39，箱体39的内部固定连接有轴承311，轴承311的中部固定安装有搅拌轮310，搅拌轮310的外侧和箱体39的内壁搭接，搅拌轮310的一端且位于箱体39的外侧固定安装有从动齿轮31，从动齿轮31的外侧啮合连接有主动齿轮35，主动齿轮35的中部固定安装有变速箱36，变速箱36的另一侧固定安装有从动带轮37，从动带轮37的外侧活动连接有皮带34，皮带34的内侧活动连接有主动带轮33，主动带轮33的中部固定安装有步进电机32，步进电机32的下侧固定连接有支撑架38，支撑架38的上侧与变速箱36的下侧固定连接，支撑架38的一侧与箱体39的一侧固定连接，支撑架38的下侧与底板1的上侧固定连接。
通过设置搅拌机构3，实现将原卤中沉淀和聚集的块状物质打散，使该块状 物质成为小颗粒，通过启动步进电机32工作转动，步进电机32带动主动带轮33转动，主动带轮33的动力经过皮带34传递到从动带轮37，从动带轮37将动力注入到变速箱36中，经过变速箱36变速后，带动主动齿轮35旋转，啮合的从动齿轮31被带动，由此从动齿轮31带动搅拌轮310在箱体39的内部转动，操作人员将盐湖中原卤转移至箱体39内部，搅拌轮310将原卤进行搅拌，将原卤中沉淀和聚集的块状物质打散，便于后续的电渗析操作，避免堵塞管道。
本装置的使用方法及工作原理为：通过启动步进电机32工作转动，步进电机32带动主动带轮33转动，主动带轮33的动力经过皮带34传递到从动带轮37，从动带轮37将动力注入到变速箱36中，经过变速箱36变速后，带动主动齿轮35旋转，啮合的从动齿轮31被带动，由此从动齿轮31带动搅拌轮310在箱体39的内部转动，操作人员将盐湖中原卤转移至箱体39内部，搅拌轮310将原卤进行搅拌，将原卤中沉淀和聚集的块状物质打散，使该块状物质成为小颗粒，转运水泵5开始工作，将箱体39内部的原卤转移至初步电渗析机构6中，当原卤全部灌满到罐体68内部，关闭转运水泵5，停止转移原卤，在阳极环65和阴极板67通电后，粗膜堆66开始发挥作用，原卤中的阴离子穿过粗膜堆66进入到粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中，阳离子被存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68的间隙中，由于粗膜堆66是作为第一步电渗析，部分阴离子还会存在，打开四个连接阀71，暂时存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68间隙的富含阳离子的溶液经过连接端管78进入到上连接壳76中，圆盖74和上连接壳76之间通过螺纹固定，再加上密封环75形成密封的空间，该富含阳离子的溶液储存在四个柱体壳79的内部，在打开连接阀71的同时启动抽水泵61，抽水泵61将粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中阴离子溶液排出，此时阳极板710和阴极环712通电，折叠膜堆711发挥作用，该富含阳离子溶液中的阳离子穿过折叠膜堆711，进入到折叠膜堆711的内腔中，阴离子被阻隔在折叠膜堆711和柱体壳79的间隙中，由于折叠膜堆711是折叠弯曲的形状，进行阴阳离子的分离时，可提高选择透过性的效率，接着打开聚集管72，四个折叠膜堆711内腔中再次分离的阳离子溶液汇聚进入到输出管73中，最终电渗析出富含阳离子锂离子的溶液，在打开聚集管72的同时打开出水口713，含有少量阴离子的溶液从出水口713排出，实现锂离子分离，此为一次循环，再次重复上述步骤，完成剩余原卤的电渗析操作。
1、本申请中，通过设置单体电渗析机构7，实现多次电渗析，同时弯曲的交换膜堆，提高阴阳离子的交换时的面积，提高交换速率，通过打开四个连接阀71，暂时存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68间隙的富含阳离子的溶液经过连接端管78进入到上连接壳76中，圆盖74和上连接壳76之间通过螺纹固定，再加上密封环75形成密封的空间，该富含阳离子的溶液储存在四个柱体壳79的内部，此时阳极板710和阴极环712通电，折叠膜堆711发挥作用，该富含阳离子溶 液中的阳离子穿过折叠膜堆711，进入到折叠膜堆711的内腔中，阴离子被阻隔在折叠膜堆711和柱体壳79的间隙中，由于折叠膜堆711是折叠弯曲的形状，进行阴阳离子的分离时，提高选择透过性的效率，接着打开聚集管72，四个折叠膜堆711内腔中再次分离的阳离子溶液汇聚进入到输出管73中，最终电渗析出富含阳离子锂离子的溶液，在打开聚集管72的同时打开出水口713，含有少量阴离子的溶液从出水口713排出，实现锂离子分离，此为一次循环，再次重复上述步骤，完成剩余原卤的电渗析操作，提高阴阳离子交换速率，从而提高电渗析的产能。
2、本申请中，通过设置搅拌机构3，实现将原卤中沉淀和聚集的块状物质打散，使其成为小颗粒，通过启动步进电机32工作转动，步进电机32带动主动带轮33转动，主动带轮33的动力经过皮带34传递到从动带轮37，从动带轮37将动力注入到变速箱36中，经过变速箱36变速后，带动主动齿轮35旋转，啮合的从动齿轮31被带动，由此从动齿轮31带动搅拌轮310在箱体39的内部转动，操作人员将盐湖中原卤转移至箱体39内部，搅拌轮310将原卤进行搅拌，将原卤中沉淀和聚集的块状物质打散，便于后续的电渗析操作，避免堵塞管道。
3、本申请中，通过设置初步电渗析机构6，实现初步电渗析，对原卤中的阴阳离子进行第一次分离，通过转运水泵5开始工作，将箱体内部的原卤转移至初步电渗析机构6中，当原卤全部灌满到罐体68内部，关闭转运水泵5，停止转移原卤，在阳极环65和阴极板67通电后，粗膜堆66开始发挥作用，原卤中的阴离子穿过粗膜堆66进入到粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中，阳离子被存储在粗膜堆66和罐体68的间隙中，在打开连接阀71的同时启动抽水泵61，抽水泵61将粗膜堆66和阴极板67组成的圆柱形腔中阴离子溶液排出。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置，包括底板(1)、支撑板(2)和底座(4)，其中，所述底板(1)的上侧与所述支撑板(2)的下侧和所述底座(4)的下侧固定连接，所述支撑板(2)的上侧固定连接有搅拌机构(3)，所述底板(1)的上侧固定安装有初步电渗析机构(6)，所述初步电渗析机构(6)的外表面下部固定连接有单体电渗析机构(7)；
    所述单体电渗析机构(7)包括输出管(73)，所述输出管(73)的上侧固定连接有聚集管(72)，所述聚集管(72)的上侧四个端口均固定连接有柱体壳(79)，四个柱体壳(79)的内腔底面均活动卡接有阴极环(712)，四个阴极环(712)的上侧均固定连接有折叠膜堆(711)，四个折叠膜堆(711)的上侧均固定连接有阳极板(710)，所述折叠膜堆(711)的外侧和所述柱体壳(79)的内壁存在间隙；
    所述阳极板(710)的上侧卡接有弹簧(77)，所述弹簧(77)的上侧固定连接有圆盖(74)，所述圆盖(74)的下侧套接有密封环(75)，所述圆盖(74)的外表面下部螺纹连接有上连接壳(76)，所述密封环(75)的下侧与所述圆盖(74)的内壁卡接，所述上连接壳(76)的下侧与所述柱体壳(79)的上侧通过螺栓固定连接，所述上连接壳(76)的外侧螺纹连接在连接端管(78)的一端，所述连接端管(78)的另一端固定连接有连接阀(71)，所述柱体壳(79)的外侧上部固定连接有出水口(713)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述初步电渗析机构(6)的外表面上部固定连接有转运水泵(5)，所述转运水泵(5)的下侧与所述底座(4)的上侧固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其中，所述初步电渗析机构(6)包括抽水泵(61)，所述抽水泵(61)的下侧固定连接有上盖(62)，所述上盖(62)的上侧靠近边缘处固定卡接有固定件(63)，所述固定件(63)的下端固定连接有罐体(68)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述上盖(62)的下侧活动卡接有连接环架(64)，所述连接环架(64)的中部通过螺栓固定连接有阳极环(65)，所述阳极环(65)的下侧固定连接有粗膜堆(66)，所述粗膜堆(66)的下侧固定连接有阴极板(67)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述连接环架(64)的外侧与所述罐体(68)的内壁活动卡接，所述阴极板(67)的下侧与所述罐体(68)的内腔底部活动卡接，所述罐体(68)的下侧固定连接有支撑腿(69)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其中，所述罐体(68)的外表面上部与所 述转运水泵(5)的一端固定连接，所述转运水泵(5)的另一端固定连接有箱体(39)，所述箱体(39)的内部固定连接有轴承(311)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中，所述轴承(311)的中部固定安装有搅拌轮(310)，所述搅拌轮(310)的外侧和所述箱体(39)的内壁搭接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，所述搅拌轮(310)的一端且位于所述箱体(39)的外侧固定安装有从动齿轮(31)，所述从动齿轮(31)的外侧啮合连接有主动齿轮(35)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，变速箱(36)的一侧固定安装在所述主动齿轮(35)的中部，所述变速箱(36)的另一侧固定安装有从动带轮(37)，所述从动带轮(37)的外侧活动连接有皮带(34)，所述皮带(34)的内侧活动连接有主动带轮(33)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述主动带轮(33)的中部固定安装有步进电机(32)，所述步进电机(32)的下侧固定连接有支撑架(38)，所述支撑架(38)的上侧与所述变速箱(36)的下侧固定连接，所述支撑架(38)的一侧与所述箱体(39)的一侧固定连接，所述支撑架(38)的下侧与所述底板(1)的上侧固定连接。
PCT/CN2023/082196 2022-10-13 2023-03-17 盐湖提锂使用的高效多通道电渗析装置 WO2024077871A1 (zh)

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