WO2024070673A1 - 固体撮像装置、電子機器及びプログラム - Google Patents
固体撮像装置、電子機器及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024070673A1 WO2024070673A1 PCT/JP2023/033250 JP2023033250W WO2024070673A1 WO 2024070673 A1 WO2024070673 A1 WO 2024070673A1 JP 2023033250 W JP2023033250 W JP 2023033250W WO 2024070673 A1 WO2024070673 A1 WO 2024070673A1
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- light
- display
- light source
- image
- light receiving
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/86—Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/894—Three-dimensional [3D] imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a two-dimensional [2D] array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/10—Image acquisition
- G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
- G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
- G06V10/143—Sensing or illuminating at different wavelengths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
- G06V40/161—Detection; Localisation; Normalisation
- G06V40/166—Detection; Localisation; Normalisation using acquisition arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
- G06V40/172—Classification, e.g. identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
- H04N23/11—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths for generating image signals from visible and infrared light wavelengths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/61—Control of cameras or camera modules based on recognised objects
- H04N23/611—Control of cameras or camera modules based on recognised objects where the recognised objects include parts of the human body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a solid-state imaging device, an electronic device, and a program.
- Facial recognition is becoming a widely used technology. In order to implement various processes that require security on mobile devices, there is a demand for improving the accuracy of facial recognition functions on mobile devices. Facial recognition methods include a method of acquiring both a distance image and a 2D image using a depth camera, a method of acquiring a distance image using a depth camera and a 2D image using an RGB camera, and a method of acquiring a 2D image and parallax using two RGB cameras, and acquiring a distance image from the parallax.
- RGB cameras have problems, such as the difficulty of capturing 2D images in dark places, and the increased number of cameras creates design constraints on mobile devices.
- This disclosure provides a solid-state imaging device that improves authentication accuracy.
- the solid-state imaging device comprises a light source, a first light receiving region, and a second light receiving region.
- the light source is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and emits light in the infrared light band through the display.
- the first light receiving region is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and comprises pixels that receive light in the visible light band as well as pixels that receive at least light in the infrared light band emitted from the light source.
- the second light receiving region is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and comprises pixels that receive at least light in the infrared light band emitted from the light source.
- the solid-state imaging device may further include a first processing circuit that generates an infrared light image based on the intensity of the infrared light received in the first light receiving area, and a second processing circuit that generates a depth image based on the intensity of the infrared light received in the second light receiving area.
- the solid-state imaging device may further include a third processing circuit that determines whether the subject is a target for authentication based on the depth image, and performs authentication processing using at least the infrared light image if it is determined that the subject is a target for authentication.
- the first light receiving area may be provided with a dual bandpass filter having transmission characteristics in two bands, the visible light band and the infrared light band, between the display surface of the display.
- the second light receiving area may be provided with a bandpass filter having transmission characteristics in the infrared light band between the second light receiving area and the display surface of the display.
- the light source may include a surface light source.
- the light source may include a surface light source for receiving light in the first light receiving area and a point light source for receiving light in the second light receiving area.
- the solid-state imaging device may further include a light-shielding wall between the light source and the first and second light-receiving areas on the opposite side to the display surface of the display.
- the solid-state imaging device may further include a control circuit that controls the driving of the first light receiving region, the driving of the second light receiving region, and the light source.
- the control circuit may issue an identifier, control the emission of the light source, link the identifier to each of the acquired infrared light image and the acquired depth image, control the extinguishing of the light source, and determine that the infrared light image and the depth image were captured at the same time when the identifiers match.
- the solid-state imaging device may further include a control circuit that controls the driving of the first light receiving area, the driving of the second light receiving area, and the light source.
- the control circuit may issue an identifier, control the emission of the surface light source, link the identifier to the acquired infrared light image, control the extinction of the surface light source, control the emission of the point light source, link the identifier to the acquired depth image, control the extinction of the point light source, and determine that the infrared light image and the depth image were acquired at the same time if the identifiers match.
- the first processing circuit may obtain an interference infrared light image in advance by emitting light from the light source onto a plane placed at a distance from the subject, and may use the interference infrared light image to correct the infrared light image to be obtained.
- the second processing circuit may obtain an interference depth image in advance by emitting light from the light source onto a plane positioned at a distance from the subject, and may use the interference depth image to correct the depth image to be obtained.
- the pixels belonging to the first light receiving region and the pixels belonging to the second light receiving region may be arranged in the same pixel array.
- the electronic device comprises a display, a light source, a first light receiving region, a second light receiving region, and a processing circuit.
- the display displays information.
- the light source is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and emits light in the infrared light band through the display.
- the first light receiving region is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and includes pixels that receive light in the visible light band as well as pixels that receive at least light in the infrared light band emitted from the light source.
- the second light receiving region is provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and includes pixels that receive at least light in the infrared light band emitted from the light source.
- the processing circuit performs authentication processing using an infrared light image acquired by pixels belonging to the first light receiving region and a depth image acquired by pixels belonging to the second light receiving region.
- the processing circuit may determine whether the subject is a target for authentication based on the depth image, and may perform authentication processing using at least the infrared light image if it determines that the subject is a target for authentication.
- the program causes the processor to execute the processing of any of the control circuits described above.
- the program causes the processor to execute the processing of any of the processing circuits described above.
- the electronic device described above may be at least one of a mobile terminal, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, an in-vehicle camera with a display, an authentication device with a display, or a surveillance camera with a display.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pixel arrangement according to an embodiment;
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment.
- 5 is a flowchart showing a process in a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment. 5 is a flowchart showing a process in a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of interference fringes according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of interference fringes according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an external view of an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an external view of an electronic device according to an embodiment.
- 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a vehicle control system; 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the installation positions of an outside-vehicle information detection unit and an imaging unit;
- (First embodiment) 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic diagram of an electronic device including a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment.
- the electronic device 1 includes a solid-state imaging device 10 and a display 100.
- the electronic device 1 displays information on the display, captures images using the solid-state imaging device 10 provided under the display, and performs authentication and the like based on the captured images.
- the electronic device 1 may be, for example, at least one of a mobile terminal, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, an in-vehicle camera with a display, an authentication device with a display, or a surveillance camera with a display.
- the electronic device 1 is configured to be able to execute authentication processing on the display surface side of these devices.
- the display 100 is an output interface that displays information of the electronic device 1.
- the display may be implemented using techniques such as liquid crystal or organic electroluminescence (EL).
- the display 100 may also serve as an input interface having a touch panel or the like for inputting information to the electronic device 1.
- the display 100 includes a display unit 102, a display surface 100A, and a back surface 100B that is the rear side of the display surface 100A.
- the display section 102 is an area for displaying information.
- the display section 102 may be provided with an opening 104 depending on the specifications of the first light receiving area described below.
- This opening 104 may be arranged, for example, as an area in which no display pixels are provided.
- the opening 104 may be implemented by thinning out the pixels in that area, or may be implemented using pixels that are transparent to a predetermined wavelength. In this case, the pixel circuit of the transparent pixels may have a different configuration from the pixels in the other display sections 102.
- the display surface 100A is the surface on which the user views the displayed information from outside, and may be coated with, for example, glass or a filter, or may be equipped with a polarizing plate, polarizing filter, etc. so that the light output from the pixels can be properly viewed from outside.
- the back surface 100B is the opposite side of the display surface 100A of the display 100, and faces the inside of the electronic device 1.
- the area on the back surface 100B side of the electronic device 1 may be referred to as the area below the display.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 is a device provided in the electronic device 1 and is provided below the display 100.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 includes, for example, a light source 11, a first light receiving area 12, a second light receiving area 13, a dual bandpass filter 14, and a bandpass filter 15.
- the light source 11 is a light source used in the authentication process, and is, for example, a light source that emits light in the infrared light band, and is provided on the back surface 100B side of the display 100, i.e., under the display 100.
- the light source 11 includes, for example, a surface light source.
- a plane wave (which does not have to be a strictly plane wave) emitted from the light source 11 illuminates the subject via the display 100, is reflected from the subject, and enters the light receiving element in the solid-state imaging device 10.
- the light source 11 is not an essential component inside the solid-state imaging device 10, and may be provided in the electronic device 1 as a module separate from the solid-state imaging device 10.
- the wavefront of light emitted from light source 11 propagates as shown by the dotted line, and the light reflected from the subject that illuminates the subject enters first light receiving area 12 and second light receiving area 13, each of which acquires information for generating an image.
- first light receiving area 12 and second light receiving area 13 each of which acquires information for generating an image.
- the distance between the subject and electronic device 1 is very short, but in reality, the distance can be made sufficiently long.
- the light emitted from light source 11 illuminates the approximate front of the subject, and the reflected light can be received by pixels belonging to each light receiving area.
- the first light receiving area 12 is provided under the display 100 and includes pixels that receive light through the opening 104 of the display 100 and output a signal based on the intensity of the received light.
- the first light receiving area 12 includes pixels that receive infrared light as well as pixels that receive light in the visible light band.
- the pixels that receive light in the visible light band may be, for example, pixels that receive each of the three primary colors R (red), G (green) and B (blue), or may be pixels that receive complementary colors or white.
- the pixels that receive light in the infrared light band are arranged in a mixed manner in the same area (pixel array) as the pixels that receive light in the visible light band.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of pixel light receiving bands according to one embodiment.
- R represents a pixel receiving a red wavelength band
- G represents a pixel receiving a green wavelength band
- B represents a pixel receiving a blue wavelength band
- IR represents a pixel receiving an infrared wavelength band.
- IR pixels may be mixed with R, G, and B pixels and provided in the same pixel array.
- the pixel arrangement is not limited to this, and may be an arrangement having complementary colors and white as described above, an arrangement corresponding to multispectrum, or a configuration including pixels that can be used for various purposes such as plasmon filters, pixels that obtain image plane phase difference, etc.
- the first light receiving area 12 has a mixture of pixels for acquiring visible light images and pixels for acquiring infrared light images arranged therein, and is capable of acquiring information for generating a high-resolution infrared light image.
- the electronic device 1 can perform, for example, authentication by using this infrared light image.
- This biometric authentication may be biometric authentication based on information that can be acquired by infrared light, such as a person's face authentication, iris authentication, or vein authentication.
- this authentication uses infrared light, it is possible to achieve authentication of a specified subject even in a dark place.
- a dual bandpass filter 14 having transmission characteristics in the visible light band and the infrared light band may be provided on the light receiving surface side of the first light receiving area 12.
- the dual bandpass filter 14 can allow light of an appropriate band to be incident on the first light receiving area 12.
- the second light receiving area 13 is, for example, provided under the display 100, and is an area in which pixels that receive light specialized in the infrared light range are arranged.
- the second light receiving area 13 is, for example, an area having pixels that measure ToF (Time of Flight).
- the second light receiving area 13 measures, for example, the time from when light is emitted from the light source 11 to when reflected light from the subject returns to each pixel, and measures the distance to each position of the subject corresponding to the pixel. Based on this distance, a depth image (distance image) can be generated.
- a bandpass filter 15 having transmittance characteristics in the infrared light band may be provided between the second light receiving area 13 and the display 100. When light passes through the bandpass filter 15 and enters the second light receiving area 13, information related to the ToF measurement can be appropriately obtained in the second light receiving area 13.
- the light source 11 and the second light receiving area 13 may emit light or receive light without passing through the opening 104.
- the dual bandpass filter 14 and the bandpass filter 15 do not need to be provided separately, but may be provided, for example, integrally with a lens that focuses light from a subject onto each light receiving area.
- these filters may be provided as filters in the lens itself, for example, by appropriately selecting a substance applied to the surface of the lens or the material of the lens itself.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic example of a solid-state imaging device 10 according to an embodiment.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 includes a control circuit 20, a memory circuit 21, a first processing circuit 22, a second processing circuit 23, and a third processing circuit 24. Filters and the like in FIG. 1 are not shown. In addition, other components necessary for the operation of the solid-state imaging device 10, although not shown, are appropriately provided.
- the control circuit 20 controls the solid-state imaging device 10.
- the control circuit 20 controls the timing of light emission of the light source 11 and the driving of pixels at the timing of light reception of the first light receiving area 12 and the second light receiving area 13.
- the control circuit 20 may control the first processing circuit 22, the second processing circuit 23, and the third processing circuit 24 at appropriate timing.
- the control circuit 20 can control imaging in the solid-state imaging device 10 and control operations related to authentication.
- the memory circuit 21 is a circuit that stores data required for the operation of the solid-state imaging device 10 and data to be acquired.
- the memory circuit 21 may include at least one of volatile and non-volatile memory, storage, etc.
- Part or all of the processing of the control circuit or processing circuit may be realized by information processing by software.
- part or all of the operations may be implemented in software, and the information processing by the software may be specifically realized using a circuit such as a processor, and a program or executable file for executing this software may be stored in the storage circuit 21.
- part or all of the processing may be written in a program, and the information processing by the software may be realized using hardware resources.
- the first processing circuit 22 generates at least an infrared light image from signals acquired based on the light intensity in the first light receiving region 12.
- the infrared light image is an image generated from signals output from infrared receiving pixels belonging to the first light receiving region 12. It should be noted that it is not excluded that the first processing circuit 22 may generate a visible light image together with an infrared light image.
- the second processing circuit 23 generates a depth image from a signal acquired based on the timing of light reception in the second light receiving area 13.
- the depth image is, for example, a distance image of an area including a subject, which is generated based on the distance based on the timing of light reception in the ToF pixels.
- the distance measurement pixels belonging to the second light receiving area 13 receive infrared light reflected from the subject for each pixel, and the second processing circuit 23 generates a depth image based on the distance acquired for each pixel.
- the third processing circuit 24 performs authentication processing based on the image data acquired by the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23. For example, the third processing circuit 24 uses the depth image generated by the second processing circuit 23 to determine whether the subject is a valid subject for authentication, and performs authentication based on this result using the infrared light image generated by the first processing circuit 22.
- the third processing circuit 24 uses, for example, a depth image to determine whether the subject is a human face.
- the third processing circuit 24 uses the depth image to determine whether the acquired subject information has a three-dimensional structure with appropriate bumps and recesses for a human face, and if it is recognized as a human face, it uses an infrared light image to perform authentication processing using any infrared light-based authentication method such as facial feature extraction, iris image, vein image, etc.
- the third processing circuit 24 may determine whether the subject includes a target for authentication by applying rule-based processing or processing using a trained model to the depth image. When performing authentication processing, the third processing circuit 24 may perform authentication processing for the target for authentication by applying rule-based processing or processing using a trained model to the infrared light image.
- the third processing circuit 24 can also obtain information on the area in the depth image where the authentication target is located. In this case, the third processing circuit 24 may further extract the area in which the authentication target is located from the infrared light image and perform authentication processing on this image area.
- the third processing circuit 24 can use, if necessary, information stored in the memory circuit 21 or information registered in a database or the like external to the electronic device 1 in the recognition process. This information may be appropriately encrypted and stored, or may be stored as irreversible data that cannot or is difficult to restore to personal information such as features.
- an electronic device with a display performs authentication processing using a light source and an image sensor provided under the display, more accurate processing can be achieved by using a depth image and an infrared light image.
- This processing uses the emission of light in the infrared band and an image of this infrared band light, so appropriate authentication can be performed even in dark places.
- This electronic device can be used to realize face recognition processing in smartphones, etc., and to implement surveillance systems using tablet terminals, etc.
- the subject of authentication is not limited to a person's face, but can be other parts of a person, such as the veins on a hand, or can be a non-human object, such as a pet or the license plate numbers of the vehicles in front and behind the person in an in-vehicle device.
- Authentication can also be a process of acquiring the emotions, state, etc. of a person facing the display.
- the electronic device can acquire information such as drowsiness and emotions of a person facing the display in an in-vehicle device, and issue an appropriate alert, etc.
- the electronic device may also be a display for a web-based conference system, in which case it can also perform authentication processes such as verifying that a person is properly present at a conference, or that the correct person is taking a test via the web.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the solid-state imaging device 10.
- the third processing circuit 24 may be provided outside the solid-state imaging device 10.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 may perform only up to the image generation process without performing the authentication process, and output the image to the third processing circuit 24 provided in the electronic device 1 and performing the authentication process.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing of the solid-state imaging device 10 according to one embodiment.
- the control circuit 20 When performing the authentication process, the control circuit 20 issues an identifier (S100). This identifier is used to synchronize the captured images. The identifier only needs to be capable of identifying whether the images are acquired at the same time or at different times, and may be information based on the timing of issuing the identifier, for example.
- S100 identifier
- control circuit 20 After issuing the identifier, the control circuit 20 transmits a light emission signal to the light source 11 to control the light emission of the light source 11 (S101).
- the light source 11 that receives the light emission signal emits light in the infrared band to the outside of the electronic device 1 via the display 100 (S202).
- the infrared light emitted from the light source 11 is irradiated to the subject outside the electronic device 1.
- the infrared light reflected from the subject enters the first light receiving area 12 and the second light receiving area 13, and is converted into an analog signal based on the intensity information in each light receiving area.
- the first processing circuit 22 generates an infrared image based on the signal output from the first light receiving area 12 (S403), and the second processing circuit 23 generates a depth image based on the signal output from the second light receiving area 13 (S303).
- the second processing circuit 23 may receive a light emission signal from the control circuit 20, and generate the second image using the timing of this light emission and the timing of light reception.
- a relative distance image of the subject may be obtained without obtaining information regarding the timing of light emission.
- the time at which reflected light is received in the second light receiving area 13 may be obtained for each pixel, and the earliest time may be used as a reference point, and an image in the depth direction based on this reference point may be used as a depth image.
- the above processing does not exclude the generation of a visible light image based on the signal received in the first light receiving area 12.
- the first processing circuit 22 After acquiring an infrared image, the first processing circuit 22 links the infrared image to the identifier issued in S100 (S404). Similarly, after acquiring a depth image, the second processing circuit 23 links the depth image to the identifier issued in S100 (S304).
- the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23 each transmit information on the acquired image and identifier to the control circuit 20. For example, the control circuit 20 may transmit the identifier to the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23.
- the light source 11 is turned off after irradiating for a predetermined time (S205).
- This predetermined time may be determined, for example, based on the time it takes for the reflected light to reach the first light receiving area 12 and the second light receiving area 13 sufficiently, assuming that a subject is present at a predetermined distance, for example, based on the time it takes for one frame of operation to be completed in each light receiving area.
- the light may be turned off when an image is generated in the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23.
- the control circuit 20 may obtain this trigger and send a turn-off signal to the light source 11, causing the light source 11 to turn off.
- the control circuit 20 which has acquired the image linked to the identifier, determines whether the identifiers match (S106). If the identifiers match, it can be determined that the received depth image and infrared light image were acquired at the same light emission timing of the light source 11.
- a timestamp may also be used as the identifier.
- the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23 may link the image to the timestamp of the image acquisition as an identifier.
- the control circuit 20 can determine that the identifiers match by determining whether the timestamp acquired by the control circuit 20 in S100 is consistent with the timestamp at the timing when the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23 acquired the image. For example, the control circuit 20 can determine whether the identifiers match by determining whether the timestamps associated with the infrared image and the depth image, respectively, are later than the timestamp acquired in S100 and were acquired within a predetermined time.
- control circuit 20 may repeat the process from control of shooting (processing from S100), or may terminate the process as identification was not possible.
- the control circuit 20 causes the third processing circuit 24 to execute authentication processing (S108).
- the third processing circuit 24 determines whether the subject is a target for authentication based on the depth image, and if so, executes authentication using an infrared light image.
- the confirmation of identifier match may also be performed by the third processing circuit 24. That is, the first processing circuit 22 and the second processing circuit 23 may transmit the infrared light image and the depth image together with the identifier to the third processing circuit 24. The third processing circuit 24 may then perform the identification process after determining the identifier. As yet another example, the control circuit 20 may perform the operation of the third processing circuit 24. That is, the control circuit 20 and the third processing circuit 24 may be configured by the same processing circuit.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 can avoid replacing a subject with a photograph or the like after it has been identified as the subject of authentication in a depth image, thereby avoiding erroneous authentication in an infrared light image.
- the light source 11 is, for example, a light source that emits a plane wave, and is used to obtain an infrared light image in the first light receiving area 12 and a depth image in the second light receiving area 13. Since a depth image can operate at a lower resolution than an infrared light image, it is also effective to use a point light source that is stronger and has a lower resolution than a plane wave. In this embodiment, a separate light source is provided to obtain this depth image.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 1 according to an embodiment.
- the electronic device 1 has a first light source 110 and a second light source 112 as light sources 11.
- the first light source 110 is a light source that emits light suitable for receiving reflected light from a subject at an IR pixel provided in the first light receiving area 12.
- the first light source 110 has, for example, a surface light source and emits a plane wave to the subject.
- the light emitted from the first light source 110 is irradiated to the subject as shown by the dotted line in the figure, and the reflected light is received in the first light receiving area 12.
- the second light source 112 is a light source that emits light suitable for receiving reflected light from a subject at a ToF pixel or the like provided in the second light receiving area 13.
- the second light source 112 is, for example, a point light source having a stronger intensity from a single point compared to the first light source 110.
- the light emitted from the second light source 112 is irradiated onto the subject as shown by the dashed line in the figure, and the reflected light is received by a ToF pixel or the like provided in the second light receiving area 13, making it possible to obtain a signal that forms a depth image according to the timing of light reception.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing of the solid-state imaging device 10 according to one embodiment.
- the processing steps denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 5 are essentially the same processing steps, and therefore detailed explanations will be omitted.
- control circuit After issuing the identifier (S100), the control circuit transmits a light emission signal of the second light source 112 to the second light source 112 (S110).
- the second light source 112 which receives the light emission signal, emits, for example, a point light source (S211).
- the point light source has the intensity required to obtain ToF information from a shape that does not have an opening.
- the second processing circuit 23 generates a depth image based on information about the timing of light reception in the second light receiving area 13 (S303) and links it to an identifier (S304).
- the second light source 112 is turned off at a predetermined timing (S212).
- the timing of the turning off may be the same as that of the embodiment described above.
- the control circuit 20 transmits an emission signal of the first light source 110 (S113).
- the timing of transmitting this emission signal may be, for example, a predetermined time after transmitting the emission signal of the second light source 112, or after confirming that the second light source 112 has gone out.
- the first light source 110 which receives the light emission signal, emits, for example, a plane wave (S214).
- This plane wave has an intensity sufficient to capture an infrared light image through the aperture.
- the first processing circuit 22 generates an infrared light image based on the intensity information received in the first light receiving area 12 (S404) and associates it with an identifier (S404).
- the first light source 110 is turned off at a predetermined timing (S215).
- the timing of this turning off may be the same as that of the embodiment described above.
- the subsequent processing is the same as in the previous embodiment. By performing such processing, it is possible to properly perform authentication processing even when a light source using a light receiving area is provided.
- (Third embodiment) 8 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of light receiving pixels according to an embodiment.
- the first light receiving region 12 and the second light receiving region 13 may be implemented in the same region. That is, a visible light receiving pixel that acquires information in the visible light band, an infrared light receiving pixel that acquires information in the infrared light band, and a ToF pixel that acquires ToF information from the information in the infrared light band may be provided in the same pixel array.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an example of an electronic device 1 according to an embodiment.
- the electronic device 1 irradiates a plane 3 with light from a light source 11.
- the electronic device 1 acquires an infrared light image in advance, which is generated based on the light reflected from the plane, and generates an interference fringe pattern at the pixel positions.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a non-limiting example of interference fringes on a plane.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 may acquire an image of interference fringes such as that shown in FIG. 10 in advance as a preliminary step to performing the authentication process.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 projects interference fringes by illuminating a plane with a light source 11, and generates an infrared image containing interference fringes from the image received in the first light receiving area 12.
- This infrared image is an infrared image that shows the state of interference caused by the display 100.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 can correct the image at the authentication processing stage using the acquired infrared image containing interference fringes.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of interference fringes in a subject area in an infrared light image according to one embodiment.
- the first processing circuit 22 can subtract interference fringes from the image to suppress the influence of the interference fringes from the area used for authentication processing at the timing of acquiring the infrared light image.
- the first processing circuit 22 can multiply the interference fringe image by a gain before subtracting, thereby controlling the image information acquired in the first light receiving area 12 so as not to reduce its accuracy.
- the first processing circuit 22 may perform a mask process based on interference fringes on the area to be used for authentication processing at the timing of acquiring the infrared light image.
- This mask process can also be performed by acquiring a coefficient based on the light intensity of the interference fringes and multiplying each pixel by this coefficient so as to suppress the effect of the interference fringes, rather than deleting information.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 can, for example, obtain the area of the subject to be authenticated from the depth image obtained by the second processing circuit 23, and then perform processing to suppress interference fringes in this area of the subject in the first processing circuit 22.
- the method for removing interference fringes is not limited to the method described above, and any method that can appropriately remove interference fringes on a plane that has been acquired in advance can be used.
- information on interference fringes on a three-dimensional figure that is closer to the object to be authenticated than on a flat surface may be acquired in advance.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 may acquire information on interference fringes in advance using an ellipsoid or a plaster cast with few irregularities. The authentication processing can then be realized using the previously acquired information on interference fringes.
- an interference pattern is obtained in an infrared light image, but this is not limited to the above.
- the solid-state imaging device 10 may obtain an interference fringe pattern corresponding to a depth image.
- This pattern can include information that takes into account the delay in the arrival time of reflected light from a flat surface or other solid object at the display 100, up to each ToF pixel, etc., located under the display 100. Therefore, in the depth image as well, it is possible to prevent errors caused by the display 100 from occurring at the time of authentication.
- a solid-state imaging device 10 includes a light shielding wall 16 between a light source 11 and a light receiving region.
- the light-shielding wall 16 is positioned so that the light emitted from the light source 11 does not directly reach each light receiving area in the electronic device 1.
- the light-shielding wall 16 may be made of a material that does not transmit at least the infrared light band emitted by the light source 11.
- the light-shielding wall 16 By providing the light-shielding wall 16, it is possible to realize authentication processing that suppresses the effects of reflections, etc. within the electronic device 1 and the solid-state imaging device 10.
- first light receiving area 12 and the second light receiving area 13 it is desirable to arrange the first light receiving area 12 and the second light receiving area 13 in close proximity to each other in order to reduce parallax.
- first light source 110 and the second light source 112 are adjacent to each other, and the light receiving area is arranged outside of them, but this is not limited to this.
- the first light source 110 and the second light source 112 may be arranged outside of their corresponding light receiving areas.
- a configuration in which the first light source 110, the first light receiving area 12, the second light receiving area 13, and the second light source 112 are provided in this order from the left in the drawing may be used.
- a light-shielding wall may be provided for each.
- the first light source 110, the first light-shielding wall, the first light-receiving area 12, the second light-receiving area 13, the second light-shielding wall, and the second light source 112 may be arranged in this order.
- a light-shielding wall may also be arranged between the first light-receiving area 12 and the second light-receiving area 13.
- FIG. 13 is an external view of an electronic device 1 according to one embodiment.
- the right figure shows a cross-sectional view at the arrow in the left figure.
- the electronic device 1 includes a solid-state imaging device 10 below a display 100.
- the display 100 includes an opening 104 through which light required for generating images in the visible and infrared light bands enters the light receiving area.
- the opening 104 may be provided on the display surface of the display unit 102 of the display 100, or may be provided in a bezel portion 106 that is present on the edge of the display 100 in the electronic device 1.
- the opening 104 may be, for example, a region that does not include a light-emitting pixel, and is filled with a material that transmits light in the visible light band and light in the infrared light band for performing the recognition process.
- FIG. 14 is an external view of an electronic device 1 according to one embodiment. As with FIG. 13, the right figure shows a cross-sectional view at the arrow in the left figure.
- the electronic device 1 may include the solid-state imaging device 10 without the opening 104.
- the light-emitting pixels in the display 100 may be thinned out, or the light-emitting pixels or the structure around the light-emitting pixels may be configured separately from other areas to allow appropriate light to pass through.
- the position is not limited to the top of the electronic device 1 in the figure, and the solid-state imaging device 10 may be placed at any position within the display 100.
- the electronic device 1 can appropriately position the solid-state imaging device 10 under the display 100.
- the technology disclosed herein can be applied to a variety of products.
- the technology disclosed herein may be realized as a device mounted on any type of moving object, such as an automobile, electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, personal mobility, airplane, drone, ship, robot, construction machine, agricultural machine (tractor), etc.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system 7000, which is an example of a mobile control system to which the technology disclosed herein can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 7000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 7010.
- the vehicle control system 7000 includes a drive system control unit 7100, a body system control unit 7200, a battery control unit 7300, an outside vehicle information detection unit 7400, an inside vehicle information detection unit 7500, and an integrated control unit 7600.
- the communication network 7010 connecting these multiple control units may be, for example, an in-vehicle communication network conforming to any standard such as CAN (Controller Area Network), LIN (Local Interconnect Network), LAN (Local Area Network), or FlexRay (registered trademark).
- CAN Controller Area Network
- LIN Local Interconnect Network
- LAN Local Area Network
- FlexRay registered trademark
- Each control unit includes a microcomputer that performs arithmetic processing according to various programs, a storage unit that stores the programs executed by the microcomputer or parameters used in various calculations, and a drive circuit that drives various devices to be controlled.
- Each control unit includes a network I/F for communicating with other control units via a communication network 7010, and a communication I/F for communicating with devices or sensors inside and outside the vehicle by wired or wireless communication.
- the functional configuration of the integrated control unit 7600 includes a microcomputer 7610, a general-purpose communication I/F 7620, a dedicated communication I/F 7630, a positioning unit 7640, a beacon receiving unit 7650, an in-vehicle device I/F 7660, an audio/image output unit 7670, an in-vehicle network I/F 7680, and a storage unit 7690.
- Other control units also include a microcomputer, a communication I/F, a storage unit, and the like.
- the drive system control unit 7100 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 7100 functions as a control device for a drive force generating device for generating a drive force for the vehicle, such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor, a drive force transmission mechanism for transmitting the drive force to the wheels, a steering mechanism for adjusting the steering angle of the vehicle, and a braking device for generating a braking force for the vehicle.
- the drive system control unit 7100 may also function as a control device such as an ABS (Antilock Brake System) or ESC (Electronic Stability Control).
- the drive system control unit 7100 is connected to a vehicle state detection unit 7110.
- the vehicle state detection unit 7110 includes at least one of the following: a gyro sensor that detects the angular velocity of the axial rotational motion of the vehicle body, an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration of the vehicle, or a sensor for detecting the amount of operation of the accelerator pedal, the amount of operation of the brake pedal, the steering angle of the steering wheel, the engine speed, or the rotation speed of the wheels.
- the drive system control unit 7100 performs arithmetic processing using the signal input from the vehicle state detection unit 7110, and controls the internal combustion engine, the drive motor, the electric power steering device, the brake device, etc.
- the body system control unit 7200 controls the operation of various devices installed in the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 7200 functions as a control device for a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or various lamps such as headlamps, tail lamps, brake lamps, turn signals, and fog lamps.
- radio waves or signals from various switches transmitted from a portable device that replaces a key can be input to the body system control unit 7200.
- the body system control unit 7200 accepts the input of these radio waves or signals and controls the vehicle's door lock device, power window device, lamps, etc.
- the battery control unit 7300 controls the secondary battery 7310, which is the power supply source for the drive motor, according to various programs. For example, information such as the battery temperature, battery output voltage, or remaining capacity of the battery is input to the battery control unit 7300 from a battery device equipped with the secondary battery 7310. The battery control unit 7300 performs calculations using these signals, and controls the temperature regulation of the secondary battery 7310 or a cooling device or the like equipped in the battery device.
- the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 detects information outside the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 7000.
- the imaging unit 7410 and the outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 is connected to the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400.
- the imaging unit 7410 includes at least one of a ToF (Time Of Flight) camera, a stereo camera, a monocular camera, an infrared camera, and other cameras.
- the outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 includes at least one of an environmental sensor for detecting the current weather or climate, or a surrounding information detection sensor for detecting other vehicles, obstacles, pedestrians, etc., around the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 7000.
- the environmental sensor may be, for example, at least one of a raindrop sensor that detects rain, a fog sensor that detects fog, a sunshine sensor that detects the level of sunlight, and a snow sensor that detects snowfall.
- the surrounding information detection sensor may be at least one of an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device, and a LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging) device.
- the imaging unit 7410 and the outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 may each be provided as an independent sensor or device, or may be provided as a device in which multiple sensors or devices are integrated.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of the installation positions of the imaging unit 7410 and the vehicle exterior information detection unit 7420.
- the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, 7916, and 7918 are provided, for example, at least one of the front nose, side mirrors, rear bumper, back door, and upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle cabin of the vehicle 7900.
- the imaging unit 7910 provided on the front nose and the imaging unit 7918 provided on the upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle cabin mainly obtain images of the front of the vehicle 7900.
- the imaging units 7912 and 7914 provided on the side mirrors mainly obtain images of the sides of the vehicle 7900.
- the imaging unit 7916 provided on the rear bumper or back door mainly obtains images of the rear of the vehicle 7900.
- the imaging unit 7918 provided on the upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle cabin is mainly used to detect leading vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, traffic lights, traffic signs, lanes, etc.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of the imaging ranges of each of the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, and 7916.
- Imaging range a indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 7910 provided on the front nose
- imaging ranges b and c indicate the imaging ranges of the imaging units 7912 and 7914 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- imaging range d indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 7916 provided on the rear bumper or back door.
- an overhead image of the vehicle 7900 viewed from above is obtained by superimposing the image data captured by the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, and 7916.
- External information detection units 7920, 7922, 7924, 7926, 7928, and 7930 provided on the front, rear, sides, corners, and upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, ultrasonic sensors or radar devices.
- External information detection units 7920, 7926, and 7930 provided on the front nose, rear bumper, back door, and upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, LIDAR devices. These external information detection units 7920 to 7930 are mainly used to detect preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, etc.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 causes the imaging unit 7410 to capture an image outside the vehicle, and receives the captured image data.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 also receives detection information from the connected outside-vehicle information detection unit 7420. If the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7420 is an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device, or a LIDAR device, the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 transmits ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves, and receives information on the received reflected waves.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform object detection processing or distance detection processing for people, cars, obstacles, signs, or characters on the road surface, based on the received information.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform environmental recognition processing for recognizing rainfall, fog, road surface conditions, etc., based on the received information.
- the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may calculate the distance to an object outside the vehicle based on the received information.
- the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 may also perform image recognition processing or distance detection processing to recognize people, cars, obstacles, signs, or characters on the road surface based on the received image data.
- the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform processing such as distortion correction or alignment on the received image data, and may also generate an overhead image or a panoramic image by synthesizing image data captured by different imaging units 7410.
- the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 may also perform viewpoint conversion processing using image data captured by different imaging units 7410.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 detects information inside the vehicle.
- a driver state detection unit 7510 that detects the state of the driver is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500.
- the driver state detection unit 7510 may include a camera that captures an image of the driver, a biosensor that detects the driver's biometric information, or a microphone that collects sound inside the vehicle.
- the biosensor is provided, for example, on the seat or steering wheel, and detects the biometric information of a passenger sitting in the seat or a driver gripping the steering wheel.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 may calculate the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver state detection unit 7510, or may determine whether the driver is dozing off.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 may perform processing such as noise canceling on the collected sound signal.
- the integrated control unit 7600 controls the overall operation of the vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs.
- the input unit 7800 is connected to the integrated control unit 7600.
- the input unit 7800 is realized by a device that can be operated by the passenger, such as a touch panel, a button, a microphone, a switch, or a lever. Data obtained by voice recognition of a voice input by a microphone may be input to the integrated control unit 7600.
- the input unit 7800 may be, for example, a remote control device using infrared or other radio waves, or an externally connected device such as a mobile phone or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) that supports the operation of the vehicle control system 7000.
- PDA Personal Digital Assistant
- the input unit 7800 may be, for example, a camera, in which case the passenger can input information by gestures. Alternatively, data obtained by detecting the movement of a wearable device worn by the passenger may be input. Furthermore, the input unit 7800 may include, for example, an input control circuit that generates an input signal based on information input by the passenger using the above-mentioned input unit 7800 and outputs the input signal to the integrated control unit 7600. Passengers and others can operate the input unit 7800 to input various data and instruct processing operations to the vehicle control system 7000.
- the memory unit 7690 may include a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores various programs executed by the microcomputer, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that stores various parameters, calculation results, sensor values, etc.
- the memory unit 7690 may also be realized by a magnetic memory device such as a HDD (Hard Disc Drive), a semiconductor memory device, an optical memory device, or a magneto-optical memory device, etc.
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 is a general-purpose communication I/F that mediates communication between various devices present in the external environment 7750.
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 may implement cellular communication protocols such as GSM (registered trademark) (Global System of Mobile communications), WiMAX (registered trademark), LTE (registered trademark) (Long Term Evolution) or LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), or other wireless communication protocols such as wireless LAN (also called Wi-Fi (registered trademark)) and Bluetooth (registered trademark).
- GSM Global System of Mobile communications
- WiMAX registered trademark
- LTE registered trademark
- LTE-A Long Term Evolution
- Bluetooth registered trademark
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 may connect to devices (e.g., application servers or control servers) present on an external network (e.g., the Internet, a cloud network, or an operator-specific network) via, for example, a base station or an access point.
- the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 may connect to a terminal located near the vehicle (e.g., a driver's, pedestrian's, or store's terminal, or an MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminal) using, for example, P2P (Peer To Peer) technology.
- P2P Peer To Peer
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 is a communication I/F that supports a communication protocol developed for use in a vehicle.
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 may implement a standard protocol such as WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicle Environment), DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications), or a cellular communication protocol, which is a combination of the lower layer IEEE 802.11p and the higher layer IEEE 1609.
- the dedicated communication I/F 7630 typically performs V2X communication, which is a concept that includes one or more of vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, vehicle-to-home communication, and vehicle-to-pedestrian communication.
- the positioning unit 7640 performs positioning by receiving, for example, GNSS signals from GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellites (for example, GPS signals from GPS (Global Positioning System) satellites), and generates position information including the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the vehicle.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the positioning unit 7640 may determine the current position by exchanging signals with a wireless access point, or may obtain position information from a terminal such as a mobile phone, PHS, or smartphone that has a positioning function.
- the beacon receiver 7650 receives, for example, radio waves or electromagnetic waves transmitted from radio stations installed on the road, and acquires information such as the current location, congestion, road closures, and travel time.
- the functions of the beacon receiver 7650 may be included in the dedicated communication I/F 7630 described above.
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 is a communication interface that mediates the connection between the microcomputer 7610 and various in-vehicle devices 7760 present in the vehicle.
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 may establish a wireless connection using a wireless communication protocol such as wireless LAN, Bluetooth (registered trademark), NFC (Near Field Communication), or WUSB (Wireless USB).
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 may also establish a wired connection such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface), or MHL (Mobile High-definition Link) via a connection terminal (and a cable, if necessary) not shown.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface
- MHL Mobile High-definition Link
- the in-vehicle device 7760 may include, for example, at least one of a mobile device or wearable device owned by a passenger, or an information device carried into or attached to the vehicle.
- the in-vehicle device 7760 may also include a navigation device that searches for a route to an arbitrary destination.
- the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 exchanges control signals or data signals with these in-vehicle devices 7760.
- the in-vehicle network I/F 7680 is an interface that mediates communication between the microcomputer 7610 and the communication network 7010.
- the in-vehicle network I/F 7680 transmits and receives signals in accordance with a specific protocol supported by the communication network 7010.
- the microcomputer 7610 of the integrated control unit 7600 controls the vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs based on information acquired through at least one of the general-purpose communication I/F 7620, the dedicated communication I/F 7630, the positioning unit 7640, the beacon receiving unit 7650, the in-vehicle device I/F 7660, and the in-vehicle network I/F 7680.
- the microcomputer 7610 may calculate the control target value of the driving force generating device, the steering mechanism, or the braking device based on the acquired information inside and outside the vehicle, and output a control command to the drive system control unit 7100.
- the microcomputer 7610 may perform cooperative control for the purpose of realizing the functions of an ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System), including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following driving based on the distance between vehicles, vehicle speed maintenance driving, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc.
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 7610 may control the driving force generating device, steering mechanism, braking device, etc. based on the acquired information about the surroundings of the vehicle, thereby performing cooperative control for the purpose of automatic driving, which allows the vehicle to travel autonomously without relying on the driver's operation.
- the microcomputer 7610 may generate three-dimensional distance information between the vehicle and objects such as surrounding structures and people based on information acquired via at least one of the general-purpose communication I/F 7620, the dedicated communication I/F 7630, the positioning unit 7640, the beacon receiving unit 7650, the in-vehicle equipment I/F 7660, and the in-vehicle network I/F 7680, and may create local map information including information about the surroundings of the vehicle's current position.
- the microcomputer 7610 may also predict dangers such as vehicle collisions, the approach of pedestrians, or entry into closed roads based on the acquired information, and generate warning signals.
- the warning signals may be, for example, signals for generating warning sounds or turning on warning lights.
- the audio/image output unit 7670 transmits at least one of audio and image output signals to an output device capable of visually or audibly notifying the passengers of the vehicle or the outside of the vehicle of information.
- an audio speaker 7710, a display unit 7720, and an instrument panel 7730 are illustrated as output devices.
- the display unit 7720 may include, for example, at least one of an on-board display and a head-up display.
- the display unit 7720 may have an AR (Augmented Reality) display function.
- the output device may be other devices such as headphones, a wearable device such as a glasses-type display worn by the passenger, a projector, or a lamp, in addition to these devices.
- the output device When the output device is a display device, the display device visually displays the results obtained by various processes performed by the microcomputer 7610 or information received from other control units in various formats such as text, images, tables, graphs, etc.
- the output device is an audio output device, the audio output device converts an audio signal consisting of reproduced audio data or acoustic data into an analog signal and audibly outputs it.
- At least two control units connected via the communication network 7010 may be integrated into one control unit.
- each control unit may be composed of multiple control units.
- the vehicle control system 7000 may include another control unit not shown.
- some or all of the functions performed by any control unit may be provided by another control unit.
- a specified calculation process may be performed by any control unit.
- a sensor or device connected to any control unit may be connected to another control unit, and multiple control units may transmit and receive detection information to each other via the communication network 7010.
- a computer program for implementing each function of the electronic device 1 or solid-state imaging device 10 according to this embodiment described with reference to Figs. 1 to 14 can be implemented in any control unit, etc.
- a computer-readable recording medium on which such a computer program is stored can also be provided.
- the recording medium is, for example, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a flash memory, etc.
- the above computer program may be distributed, for example, via a network, without using a recording medium.
- the electronic device 1 or solid-state imaging device 10 can be applied to the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400, inside-vehicle information detection unit 7500, and the associated imaging unit 7410, outside-vehicle information detection unit 7420, or driver state detection unit 7510 of the application example shown in Figure 15.
- the components of the electronic device 1 or solid-state imaging device 10 described using Figures 1 to 12 may be realized in a module for the integrated control unit 7600 shown in Figure 15 (e.g., an integrated circuit module configured on a single die), or may be realized by multiple control units of the vehicle control system 7000 shown in Figure 15.
- a solid-state imaging device comprising:
- the solid-state imaging device further comprising:
- the first light receiving region includes a dual bandpass filter having transmission characteristics in two bands, a visible light band and an infrared light band, between the first light receiving region and a display surface of the display;
- a solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (3).
- the second light receiving region is provided with a bandpass filter having a transmission characteristic in an infrared light band between the second light receiving region and a display surface of the display;
- a solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (4).
- the light source comprises a surface light source.
- a solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (5).
- the light source is a surface light source for receiving light in the first light receiving region; a point light source for receiving light at the second light receiving area;
- the solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (5), comprising:
- a light-shielding wall is provided between the light source and the first and second light-receiving regions on the opposite side to a display surface of the display;
- a solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (7).
- (9) a control circuit that controls the driving of the first light receiving region, the driving of the second light receiving region, and the light source; Further equipped with The control circuit includes: Issue an identifier, Controlling the emission of the light source; Associating the identifier with each of the acquired infrared light image and the acquired depth image; Extinction control of the light source; If the identifiers match, it is determined that the infrared image and the depth image are images acquired at the same time.
- a solid-state imaging device according to (6) or (8) dependent on (6).
- (Ten) a control circuit that controls the driving of the first light receiving region, the driving of the second light receiving region, and the light source; Further equipped with The control circuit includes: Issue an identifier, Controlling the emission of the surface light source; Associating the identifier with the acquired infrared light image; Extinction control of the surface light source; Controlling the emission of the point light source; Associating the identifier with the acquired depth image; Extinction control of the point light source; If the identifiers match, it is determined that the infrared image and the depth image are images acquired at the same time.
- a solid-state imaging device according to (7) or (8) dependent on (7).
- the first processing circuit includes: In advance, the light source emits light onto a plane disposed at a distance from the subject to obtain an interference infrared light image; correcting the infrared light image to be acquired using the coherent infrared light image; A solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (10).
- the second processing circuit includes: In advance, the light source is caused to emit light onto a plane disposed at a distance from the subject to obtain an interference depth image; correcting the depth image to be acquired using the interference depth image; A solid-state imaging device according to any one of (2) to (11).
- a solid-state imaging device according to any one of (1) to (12).
- a display for displaying information; a light source provided on the opposite side of a display surface of the display and configured to emit light in an infrared light band through the display; a first light receiving region provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and including pixels that receive light in a visible light band and at least light in an infrared light band emitted from the light source; a second light receiving region provided on the opposite side of the display surface of the display and including pixels that receive at least light in the infrared light band emitted from the light source; a processing circuit for performing authentication processing using an infrared light image acquired by pixels belonging to the first light receiving region and a depth image acquired by pixels belonging to the second light receiving region;
- An electronic device comprising:
- the processing circuitry includes: determining whether the subject is a target for authentication based on the depth image; When it is determined that the subject is an authentication target, an authentication process is performed using at least the infrared light image. (14) An electronic device as described in (14).
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Abstract
Description
図1は、一実施形態に係る固体撮像装置を備える電子機器を模式的に示すブロック図である。電子機器 1 は、固体撮像装置 10 と、ディスプレイ 100 と、を備える。電子機器 1 は、ディスプレイに情報を表示するとともに、ディスプレイ下に備えられる固体撮像装置 10 により、画像を撮像し、また、撮像した画像に基づいた認証等を実行する。
前述の実施形態においては、光源が 1 つである場合について説明した。光源 11 は、例えば、平面波を射出する光源であり、これを用いて第 1 受光領域 12 における赤外光画像及び第 2 受光領域 13 におけるデプス画像を取得した。デプス画像は、赤外光画像と比較して低い解像度での動作が可能なため、平面波よりも強度の強く解像度の低い点光源を利用することも有効である。本実施形態においては、このデプス画像を取得するための光源を別途備えるものである。
図8は、一実施形態に係る受光画素の配置の一例を示す図である。第 1 受光領域 12 と、第 2 受光領域 13 は、同じ領域において実装されていてもよい。すなわち、同一の画素アレイ内に、可視光帯域の情報を取得する可視光受光画素と、赤外光帯域の情報を取得する赤外光受光画素と、赤外光帯域の情報から ToF 情報を取得する ToF 画素と、が備えられる形態であってもよい。
光源 11 から射出される光は、ディスプレイ 100 を介して外部へと照射されるため、ディスプレイ 100 の構成において干渉する可能性がある。本実施形態においては、この干渉により発生しうる干渉縞の影響を抑制する固体撮像装置 10 について説明する。
図12は、一実施形態に係る電子機器 1 を模式的に示す図である。固体撮像装置 10 は、光源 11 と、受光領域と、の間に遮光壁 16 を備える。
ディスプレイの表示面の逆側に備えられ、前記ディスプレイを介して赤外光帯域の光を射出する、光源と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、可視光帯域の光を受光する画素とともに、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 1 受光領域と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 2 受光領域と、
を備える、固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 受光領域において受光した赤外光の強度に基づく赤外光画像を生成する、第 1 処理回路と、
前記第 2 受光領域において受光した赤外光の強度に基づくデプス画像を生成する、第 2 処理回路と、
をさらに備える、(1)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記デプス画像に基づいて被写体が認証対象であるかを判定し、前記被写体が認証対象であると判定した場合に、少なくとも前記赤外光画像を用いて認証処理を実行する、第 3 処理回路、
をさらに備える、(2)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 受光領域は、前記ディスプレイの表示面との間に可視光帯域及び赤外光帯域の 2 つの帯域に透過特性を有する、デュアルバンドパスフィルタを備える、
(2)から(3)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 2 受光領域は、前記ディスプレイの表示面との間に赤外光帯域に透過特性を有するバンドパスフィルタを備える、
(2)から(4)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光源は、面光源を備える、
(2)から(5)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光源は、
前記第 1 受光領域において受光するための面光源と、
前記第 2 受光領域において受光するための点光源と、
を備える、(2)から(5)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光源と、前記第 1 受光領域及び前記第 2 受光領域と、の間に前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側において遮光壁を備える、
(2)から(7)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 受光領域の駆動制御、前記第 2 受光領域の駆動制御、及び、前記光源の制御をする、制御回路、
をさらに備え、
前記制御回路は、
識別子を発行し、
前記光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記第赤外光画像及び取得された前記デプス画像にそれぞれ前記識別子を紐付け、
前記光源の消光制御をし、
前記識別子が一致する場合に、前記赤外光画像と、前記デプス画像と、が同じタイミングで取得された画像であると判定する、
(6)に記載、又は、(6)に従属する(8)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 受光領域の駆動制御、前記第 2 受光領域の駆動制御、及び、前記光源の制御をする、制御回路、
をさらに備え、
前記制御回路は、
識別子を発行し、
前記面光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記赤外光画像に前記識別子を紐付け、
前記面光源の消光制御をし、
前記点光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記デプス画像に前記識別子を紐付け、
前記点光源の消光制御をし、
前記識別子が一致する場合に、前記赤外光画像と、前記デプス画像と、が同じタイミングで取得された画像であると判定する、
(7)に記載、又は、(7)に従属する(8)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 処理回路は、
あらかじめ、前記光源を被写体の距離に配置された平面に発光して干渉赤外光画像を取得し、
前記干渉赤外光画像を用いて、取得する前記赤外光画像を補正する、
(2)から(10)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 2 処理回路は、
あらかじめ、前記光源を被写体の距離に配置された平面に発光して干渉デプス画像を取得し、
前記干渉デプス画像を用いて、取得する前記デプス画像を補正する、
(2)から(11)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
前記第 1 受光領域に属する画素と、前記第 2 受光領域に属する画素と、が同じ画素アレイ内に配置される、
(1)から(12)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置。
情報を表示する、ディスプレイと、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、前記ディスプレイを介して赤外光帯域の光を射出する、光源と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、可視光帯域の光を受光する画素とともに、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 1 受光領域と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 2 受光領域と、
前記第 1 受光領域に属する画素により取得された赤外光画像及び前記第 2 受光領域に属する画素により取得されたデプス画像を用いて、認証処理をする、処理回路、
を備える、電子機器。
前記処理回路は、
前記デプス画像に基づいて、被写体が認証対象であるかを判定し、
前記被写体が認証対象であると判定した場合に、少なくとも前記赤外光画像を用いて認証処理を実行する、
(14)に記載の電子機器。
プロセッサに、(9)に記載の前記制御回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
プロセッサに、(10)に記載の前記制御回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
プロセッサに、(14)又は(15)に記載の前記処理回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
携帯端末、スマートフォン、タブレット端末、ディスプレイ付き車載カメラ、ディスプレイ付き認証装置又はディスプレイ付き監視カメラの少なくともいずれかである、
(14)又は(15)に記載の電子機器。
10: 固体撮像装置、
11: 光源、
110: 第 1 光源、
112: 第 2 光源、
12: 第 1 受光領域、
13: 第 2 受光領域、
14: デュアルバンドパスフィルタ、
15: バンドパスフィルタ、
100: ディスプレイ、
100A: 表示面、
100B: 裏面、
102: 表示部、
104: 開口部、
106: ベゼル部、
20: 制御回路、
21: 記憶回路、
22: 第 1 処理回路、
23: 第 2 処理回路、
24: 第 3 処理回路
Claims (19)
- ディスプレイの表示面の逆側に備えられ、前記ディスプレイを介して赤外光帯域の光を射出する、光源と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、可視光帯域の光を受光する画素とともに、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 1 受光領域と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 2 受光領域と、
を備える、固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 受光領域において受光した赤外光の強度に基づく赤外光画像を生成する、第 1 処理回路と、
前記第 2 受光領域において受光した赤外光の強度に基づくデプス画像を生成する、第 2 処理回路と、
をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記デプス画像に基づいて被写体が認証対象であるかを判定し、前記被写体が認証対象であると判定した場合に、少なくとも前記赤外光画像を用いて認証処理を実行する、第 3 処理回路、
をさらに備える、請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 受光領域は、前記ディスプレイの表示面との間に可視光帯域及び赤外光帯域の 2 つの帯域に透過特性を有する、デュアルバンドパスフィルタを備える、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 2 受光領域は、前記ディスプレイの表示面との間に赤外光帯域に透過特性を有するバンドパスフィルタを備える、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光源は、面光源を備える、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光源は、
前記第 1 受光領域において受光するための面光源と、
前記第 2 受光領域において受光するための点光源と、
を備える、請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光源と、前記第 1 受光領域及び前記第 2 受光領域と、の間に前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側において遮光壁を備える、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 受光領域の駆動制御、前記第 2 受光領域の駆動制御、及び、前記光源の制御をする、制御回路、
をさらに備え、
前記制御回路は、
識別子を発行し、
前記光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記赤外光画像及び取得された前記デプス画像にそれぞれ前記識別子を紐付け、
前記光源の消光制御をし、
前記識別子が一致する場合に、前記赤外光画像と、前記デプス画像と、が同じタイミングで取得された画像であると判定する、
請求項6に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 受光領域の駆動制御、前記第 2 受光領域の駆動制御、及び、前記光源の制御をする、制御回路、
をさらに備え、
前記制御回路は、
識別子を発行し、
前記面光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記赤外光画像に前記識別子を紐付け、
前記面光源の消光制御をし、
前記点光源の発光制御をし、
取得された前記デプス画像に前記識別子を紐付け、
前記点光源の消光制御をし、
前記識別子が一致する場合に、前記赤外光画像と、前記デプス画像と、が同じタイミングで取得された画像であると判定する、
請求項7に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 処理回路は、
あらかじめ、前記光源を被写体の距離に配置された平面に発光して干渉赤外光画像を取得し、
前記干渉赤外光画像を用いて、取得する前記赤外光画像を補正する、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 2 処理回路は、
あらかじめ、前記光源を被写体の距離に配置された平面に発光して干渉デプス画像を取得し、
前記干渉デプス画像を用いて、取得する前記デプス画像を補正する、
請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第 1 受光領域に属する画素と、前記第 2 受光領域に属する画素と、が同じ画素アレイ内に配置される、
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 情報を表示する、ディスプレイと、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、前記ディスプレイを介して赤外光帯域の光を射出する、光源と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、可視光帯域の光を受光する画素とともに、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 1 受光領域と、
前記ディスプレイの表示面と逆側に備えられ、少なくとも前記光源から射出された赤外光帯域の光を受光する画素を備える、第 2 受光領域と、
前記第 1 受光領域に属する画素により取得された赤外光画像及び前記第 2 受光領域に属する画素により取得されたデプス画像を用いて、認証処理をする、処理回路、
を備える、電子機器。 - 前記処理回路は、
前記デプス画像に基づいて、被写体が認証対象であるかを判定し、
前記被写体が認証対象であると判定した場合に、少なくとも前記赤外光画像を用いて認証処理を実行する、
請求項14に記載の電子機器。 - プロセッサに、請求項9に記載の前記制御回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
- プロセッサに、請求項10に記載の前記制御回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
- プロセッサに、請求項14に記載の前記処理回路の処理を実行させる、プログラム。
- 携帯端末、スマートフォン、タブレット端末、ディスプレイ付き車載カメラ、ディスプレイ付き認証装置又はディスプレイ付き監視カメラの少なくともいずれかである、
請求項14に記載の電子機器。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140098063A1 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-04-10 | Research In Motion Limited | Electronic device with proximity sensing |
| CN107767835A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | 显示屏组件及电子设备 |
| US20190080668A1 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-14 | Apple Inc. | Electronic Devices With Ambient Light Sensors |
| JP2020166058A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置 |
-
2023
- 2023-09-12 WO PCT/JP2023/033250 patent/WO2024070673A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-12 US US19/112,974 patent/US20260101102A1/en active Pending
- 2023-09-12 CN CN202380067379.5A patent/CN119895291A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140098063A1 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-04-10 | Research In Motion Limited | Electronic device with proximity sensing |
| US20190080668A1 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-14 | Apple Inc. | Electronic Devices With Ambient Light Sensors |
| CN107767835A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | 显示屏组件及电子设备 |
| JP2020166058A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置 |
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