WO2024067854A1 - 控制方法及车辆 - Google Patents

控制方法及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024067854A1
WO2024067854A1 PCT/CN2023/122863 CN2023122863W WO2024067854A1 WO 2024067854 A1 WO2024067854 A1 WO 2024067854A1 CN 2023122863 W CN2023122863 W CN 2023122863W WO 2024067854 A1 WO2024067854 A1 WO 2024067854A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
temperature
heat exchange
area
trunk
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/122863
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廉玉波
凌和平
翟震
陈斯良
马锐
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024067854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024067854A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32Cooling devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • H01M10/6568Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to a control method and a vehicle.
  • the thermal management system has a single function, the heat exchange of the battery module often cannot meet the battery temperature, the energy loss is large, and the thermal management system has low working efficiency.
  • the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a control method to exchange heat with a battery at different efficiencies or different thermal management modes.
  • the control method is applicable to a thermal management system, and the control method includes: obtaining a heat exchange signal; controlling at least one of a first trunk line in the thermal management system and a second trunk line in the thermal management system to perform heat exchange with a battery, wherein the first trunk line is used for heat exchange with a first area of the battery, and the second trunk line is used for heat exchange with a second area of the battery, and the first area and the second area are different.
  • the battery heat exchange module exchanges heat with the battery at different efficiencies or different thermal management modes.
  • the battery heat exchange module can be made to exchange heat with the battery at appropriate efficiency or different thermal management modes according to the temperature of the battery, which can reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system and improve the functionality of the thermal management system.
  • the temperature of one of the first region and the second region is higher than the temperature of the other; or the temperature rise rate of the first region is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second region; or the first region is an electrode region of a battery.
  • the first condition when a first condition is met, at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line and the battery are controlled to cool; the first condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ first temperature threshold, charging power ⁇ first power threshold, discharging power ⁇ second power threshold, charging voltage ⁇ first voltage threshold, discharging voltage ⁇ second voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ first current threshold, discharging current ⁇ second current threshold, and at least one of a user cooling instruction.
  • the second condition when a second condition is met, at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to heat the battery; the second condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ second temperature threshold, discharge power ⁇ third power threshold, discharge voltage ⁇ third voltage threshold, discharge current ⁇ third current threshold, battery self-heating ends, and at least one of a user heating instruction.
  • the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk circuit and the second trunk circuit are different.
  • the heat exchange parameters of the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are different; the first heat exchange unit is suitable for heat exchange with the first region and is arranged on the first trunk line, and the second heat exchange unit is suitable for heat exchange with the second region and is arranged on the second trunk line.
  • the different heat exchange parameters include: different heat exchange amounts, or different heat exchange efficiencies.
  • the flow rate of the first trunk line is different from the flow rate of the second trunk line.
  • the pressure of the first trunk line is different from the pressure of the second trunk line so that the flow rates are different.
  • control method further includes: when a third condition is met, the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are different.
  • the temperature TH of the first area is the highest temperature of the battery
  • the temperature TL of the second area is the lowest temperature of the battery
  • control method further includes: when a fourth condition is met, at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line cools the battery, and the first trunk line and the second trunk line have different heat exchange parameters.
  • the fourth condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ fourth temperature threshold.
  • the fourth condition includes: at least one of battery charging power ⁇ first threshold, battery discharging power ⁇ second threshold, and motor power ⁇ third threshold.
  • the fourth condition includes: at least one of: a charging voltage ⁇ a third voltage threshold and a discharging voltage ⁇ a fourth voltage threshold.
  • the fourth condition includes: at least one of: charging current ⁇ fourth current threshold, discharging current ⁇ fifth current threshold.
  • the fourth condition includes at least one of the end of battery self-heating and a partition cooling instruction input by a user.
  • control method further includes: when a fifth condition is met, at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line heats the battery, and the first trunk line and the second trunk line have different heat exchange parameters.
  • the fifth condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ fifth temperature threshold.
  • the fifth condition includes: at least one of: battery charging power ⁇ fourth threshold value, battery discharging power ⁇ fifth threshold value.
  • the fifth condition includes: at least one of: a discharge voltage ⁇ a fifth voltage threshold and a discharge current ⁇ a sixth current threshold.
  • the fifth condition includes: charging voltage ⁇ sixth voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ seventh current threshold, at least one of a zone heating instruction input by a user.
  • the first area is cooled preferentially; wherein the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the first area is cooled preferentially.
  • the sixth condition includes: the difference between the temperature of the first area and the temperature of the second area is ⁇ the first temperature difference threshold and the battery temperature is ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, or the difference between the temperature rise rate of the first area and the temperature rise rate of the second area is ⁇ the first speed difference threshold and the battery temperature is ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold.
  • preferentially cooling the first region includes: a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line is greater than a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line.
  • a difference between a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line and a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line is greater than or equal to a first flow rate threshold.
  • preferentially cooling the first region includes: the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the first trunk line is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the second trunk line.
  • preferentially cooling the first region includes: a pressure at an outlet end of the first trunk line is lower than a pressure at an outlet end of the second trunk line.
  • the second area is heated preferentially; the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the second area when the seventh condition is met, the second area is heated preferentially.
  • the seventh condition includes: the difference between the temperature of the first area and the temperature of the second area is ⁇ the second temperature difference threshold and the battery temperature is ⁇ the fifth temperature threshold, or the difference between the temperature rise rate of the first area and the temperature rise rate of the second area is ⁇ the second speed difference threshold and the battery temperature is ⁇ the fifth temperature threshold.
  • controlling the preferential heating of the second region includes: the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line is greater than the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line.
  • a difference between a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line and a flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line is greater than or equal to a second flow rate threshold.
  • controlling the preferential heating of the second region includes: the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the second trunk line is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the first trunk line.
  • a difference between a temperature of the heat exchange medium at an inlet end of the second trunk line and a temperature of the heat exchange medium at an inlet end of the first trunk line is ⁇ a sixth threshold.
  • preferentially heating the second region includes: a pressure at an outlet end of the second trunk line is greater than a pressure at an outlet end of the first trunk line.
  • the priority cooling of the first area is stopped, and/or the priority heating of the second area is stopped; the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the eighth condition includes: the temperature difference between the first region and the second region is less than the seventh threshold; or the temperature rise rates of the first region and the second region are the same; or the difference in the temperature rise rates between the first region and the second region is less than the eighth threshold.
  • the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application executes the control method of the thermal management system according to the above embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery heat exchange module exchanges heat with the battery at different efficiencies or different thermal management modes.
  • the battery heat exchange module can exchange heat with the battery at appropriate efficiencies or different thermal management modes according to the temperature of the battery, which can reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system and improve the functionality of the thermal management system.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system and a power thermal management subsystem according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a battery cell according to the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a battery cell according to the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a battery pack according to the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a battery pack according to the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Thermal management system 100 power thermal management subsystem 200, high voltage thermal management subsystem 201, engine thermal management subsystem 202, battery 300, battery cell 301, non-electrode heating temperature region 301a, electrode heating temperature region 301b,
  • the first heat exchange component 21, the second heat exchange component 22 is the first heat exchange component 21, the second heat exchange component 22
  • first electronic expansion valve 61 a first electronic expansion valve 61, a second electronic expansion valve 62, a third electronic expansion valve 63, a fourth electronic expansion valve 64, a fifth electronic expansion valve 65, a sixth electronic expansion valve 66,
  • a first pressure sensor 81 a first pressure sensor 82, a first temperature sensor 82,
  • the control method is described below with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 7.
  • the control method is applicable to a thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system includes a battery heat exchange module, and the battery heat exchange module includes a first trunk line 10a and a second trunk line 10b.
  • the heat exchange signal may be a cooling/heating instruction issued by a user, or a heat exchange signal detected by a detection module, for example, if the maximum temperature of the battery is detected to be higher than a first set temperature, a heat exchange signal is issued for cooling, or if the minimum temperature of the battery is detected to be lower than a second set temperature, a heat exchange signal is issued for heating.
  • a heat exchange signal is issued for cooling, or if the minimum temperature of the battery is detected to be lower than a second set temperature, a heat exchange signal is issued for heating.
  • At least one of the first trunk line in the thermal management system and the second trunk line in the thermal management system is controlled to perform heat exchange with the battery, the first trunk line is used for heat exchange with the first area of the battery, and the second trunk line is used for heat exchange with the second area of the battery, and the first area and the second area are different.
  • first area and the second area refers to that the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b are placed at different positions of the battery 300, so that the first trunk and the second trunk can be used to exchange heat at different positions of the battery 300.
  • the trunk described in this application refers to a flow path for circulating heat exchange medium, and the trunk can be a collection pipeline, or a branch branch branched from the collection pipeline, etc.
  • Controlling at least one of the first trunk road 10a and the second trunk road 10b to exchange heat with the battery 300 means that the first trunk road 10a and the second trunk road 10b can exchange heat independently, and can be controlling one of the first trunk road 10a and the second trunk road 10b to exchange heat with the battery 300, or can be controlling the first trunk road 10a and the second trunk road 10b to exchange heat with the battery 300 at the same time.
  • the first trunk path 10a and the second trunk path 10b can exchange heat simultaneously.
  • the battery needs a small amount of heat exchange, one of the first trunk path 10a and the second trunk path 10b can exchange heat.
  • the battery heat exchange module exchanges heat with the battery at different efficiencies or different thermal management modes.
  • the battery heat exchange module can be made to exchange heat with the battery at appropriate efficiency or different thermal management modes, which can reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100 and improve the functionality of the thermal management system 100.
  • the temperature of one of the first region and the second region is higher than the temperature of the other, that is, the temperature of the first region and the second region is different.
  • the temperature difference refers to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region when the battery is in a working state, and the working state of the battery includes charging and discharging, etc.
  • the temperature difference may include: the average temperature of the first region is different from the average temperature of the second region; or the highest temperature of the first region is different from the highest temperature of the second region; or the lowest temperature of the first region is different from the lowest temperature of the second region.
  • the temperature of at least a part of the first region is different from the temperature of at least a part of the second region.
  • the first region includes the electrode heating temperature region of the battery 300
  • the second region includes the non-electrode heating temperature region of the battery 300.
  • the average temperature T1 of the first region is different from the average temperature T2 of the second region.
  • the average temperature of the first region is T1
  • the average temperature of the second region is T2
  • T1 is different from T2.
  • the difference between the average temperature of the first region and the average temperature of the second region is greater than the first temperature difference, and the first temperature difference is used to characterize the uniformity of the charge and discharge performance of the batteries in the first region and the second region. For example, taking the blade lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, the difference between the average temperature T1 of the first region and the average temperature T2 of the second region is ⁇ T1.
  • the battery can be heated and cooled in different areas according to the average temperature of the area, thus improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the maximum temperature of the first region is different from the maximum temperature of the second region, and the maximum difference between the maximum temperature of the first region and the second region is greater than the second temperature difference, and the second temperature difference is used to characterize the uniformity of the charge and discharge performance of the batteries in the first region and the second region.
  • the difference ⁇ T2 between the maximum temperature T3 of the first region and the maximum temperature T4 of the second region when ⁇ T2 ⁇ 5°C, it can be considered that the uniformity of the charge and discharge performance of the batteries in the first region and the second region is good; when ⁇ T2>5°C, it can be considered that the uniformity of the charge and discharge performance of the batteries in the first region and the second region is poor. Therefore, the battery can be cooled in different zones according to the maximum temperature of different regions of the battery to improve the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the lowest temperature of the first region is different from the lowest temperature of the second region, and the difference between the lowest temperature of the first region and the lowest temperature of the second region is greater than a third temperature difference, and the third temperature difference is used to characterize the average charge and discharge performance of the battery in the first region and the second region.
  • the difference between the highest temperature T5 in the first area and the highest temperature T6 in the second area is ⁇ T3.
  • the battery can be heated in different zones according to the lowest temperature in different areas of the battery, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • ⁇ T1, ⁇ T2 and ⁇ T3 can be the same or different, depending on the battery parameter settings, where the battery parameters may include: battery capacity, battery shape (cylindrical, square, long blade, short blade, etc.), battery material (lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium battery, etc.), battery form (liquid battery, solid-state battery, semi-solid battery, etc.).
  • the temperature rise rate of the first region is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second region, that is, the temperature rise rate of the first region is different from the temperature rise rate of the second region.
  • the different temperature rise rates refer to the temperature rise rate of the first region and the temperature rise rate of the second region being different when the battery is in working state, and the working state of the battery includes charging and discharging, etc. Therefore, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be used to realize independent heat exchange between the first region and the second region, and realize zone-controlled temperature control.
  • the temperature uniformity of the battery 300 can be achieved by making the heat exchange amount of the first trunk line 10a different from the heat exchange amount of the second trunk line 10b, for example, making the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first trunk line 10a lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second trunk line 10b during cooling, so that the cooling speed of the first area is faster.
  • the electrode when the battery 300 is working, the electrode generates a large amount of heat, so that the temperature of the area near the electrode is higher than the temperature of the area far from the electrode.
  • the first area includes the electrode heating temperature area
  • the second area includes the non-electrode heating temperature area of the battery 300. This can further improve the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the first condition when the first condition is met, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery.
  • the first condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ first temperature threshold, charging power ⁇ first power threshold, discharging power ⁇ second power threshold, charging voltage ⁇ first voltage threshold, discharging voltage ⁇ second voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ first current threshold, discharging current ⁇ second current threshold, and user cooling instruction.
  • charging power ⁇ first power threshold, discharging power ⁇ second power threshold, charging voltage ⁇ first voltage threshold, discharging voltage ⁇ second voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ first current threshold, and discharging current ⁇ second current threshold it means that the temperature of the battery is high, and the battery needs to be cooled at this time. Therefore, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to cool the battery according to actual conditions.
  • the battery temperature in the battery temperature ⁇ first temperature threshold can be the average temperature of the battery or the highest temperature of the battery.
  • At least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to cool the battery.
  • cooling is exited.
  • the first area is the electrode area of the battery
  • the second area is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • charging power ⁇ first power threshold, discharging power ⁇ second power threshold, charging voltage ⁇ first voltage threshold, discharging voltage ⁇ second voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ first current threshold, discharging current ⁇ second current threshold it means that the heat generated by the electrode is large, so that the temperature of the first area will be higher, and therefore at least the first main circuit is controlled to cool the first area.
  • the first temperature threshold, the first power threshold, the second power threshold, the first voltage threshold, the second voltage threshold, the first current threshold, and the second current threshold can be set according to actual conditions, for example, according to battery parameters, where the battery parameters may include: battery capacity, battery shape (cylindrical, square, long blade, short blade, etc.), battery material (lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium battery, etc.), battery form (liquid battery, solid-state battery, semi-solid battery, etc.).
  • the second condition when the second condition is met, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery.
  • the second condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ second temperature threshold, discharge power ⁇ third power threshold, discharge voltage ⁇ third voltage threshold, discharge current ⁇ third current threshold, battery self-heating ends, user heating instruction.
  • the battery temperature in the battery temperature ⁇ second temperature threshold may be the average temperature of the battery or the lowest temperature of the battery.
  • discharge power ⁇ third power threshold discharge voltage ⁇ third voltage threshold
  • discharge current ⁇ third current threshold it means that the discharge power, discharge voltage and discharge current are small due to the low battery temperature caused by the ambient temperature.
  • at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to heat the battery.
  • the lowest temperature of the battery when the lowest temperature of the battery is ⁇ 10°C, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery. When the lowest temperature of the battery is ⁇ 12°C, the heating is stopped.
  • the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk circuit and the second trunk circuit are different, wherein the different heat exchange parameters include different flow rates of the heat exchange medium, different temperatures of the heat exchange medium, etc.
  • zoned heat exchange control of the first area and the second area can be achieved. For example, when the heat exchange demand of the first area is greater than the heat exchange demand of the second area, the first trunk circuit is controlled to give priority to heat exchange with the first area, so that the first area can be cooled or heated up faster, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • different heat exchange parameters include: different heat exchange amounts, or different heat exchange efficiencies.
  • the heat exchange refers to the heat dissipated into the air by the first trunk/second trunk per unit time
  • heat exchange efficiency (heat exchange ⁇ time)/(heat exchange medium flow ⁇ temperature difference)
  • heat exchange ⁇ time refers to the total heat of the heat exchange medium in the first trunk/second trunk within a certain period of time
  • flow refers to the flow of the fluid in the first trunk/second trunk
  • temperature difference refers to the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the first trunk/the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the second trunk.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the first trunk and the second trunk can be different, and higher heat exchange efficiency and greater heat exchange can enhance the cooling/heating effect of the area, and by making the first trunk and the second trunk correspond to the first area and the second area respectively, and the first area and the second area can be areas with different heat generation or different temperature rise rates, so as to realize zoned heat dissipation, the area with large heat generation and high temperature rise rate (first area) is set with a first trunk with high heat exchange efficiency, and the area with small heat generation and low temperature rise rate (second area) is set with a first trunk with low heat exchange efficiency, so as to take into account both energy consumption and battery temperature uniformity.
  • the heat exchange parameters of the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are different; the first heat exchange unit is suitable for heat exchange with the first region and is arranged in the first trunk line, and the second heat exchange unit is suitable for heat exchange with the second region and is arranged in the second trunk line.
  • the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit may be heat exchangers or heat exchange components such as meandering heat exchange tubes, so that heat exchange with the battery 300 is facilitated by providing the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 .
  • the electrode when the battery 300 is working, the electrode generates a large amount of heat, so that the temperature of the area near the electrode is higher than the temperature of the area far from the electrode.
  • the first area includes the electrode heating temperature area
  • the second area includes the non-electrode heating temperature area of the battery 300. This can further improve the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 is correspondingly arranged in the electrode heating temperature area 301b, and the second heat exchange unit 22 is arranged in the non-electrode heating temperature area 301a of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 are located on the same side of the battery 300. According to the temperature of various parts of the battery, at least one of the first heat exchange unit 21 and the first heat exchange unit 22 can be selected for heat exchange to achieve temperature control of different areas on the same side of the battery, improve the temperature uniformity of the battery, and improve the battery performance.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 can also be arranged on different sides of the battery 300. Compared with being located on the same side of the battery, being arranged on different sides of the battery and heating the battery differently can further improve the temperature uniformity of the battery and improve the battery performance.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may be in contact with the battery cells to directly exchange heat with the battery cells.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may be the upper cover of the battery, or the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may be the lower cover of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may be in contact with the battery pack, thereby indirectly exchanging heat with the battery cells.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may be areas corresponding to different pipelines on the same heat exchange plate, that is, the pipelines in the first heat exchange unit 21 and the pipelines in the second heat exchange unit 22 may be located on the same heat exchange plate.
  • the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 may also be separate components.
  • the flow rate of the first trunk is different from the flow rate of the second trunk.
  • the heat exchange amount of the first trunk and the second trunk is different.
  • the heat exchange medium in the first trunk can be a refrigerant or water.
  • the heat exchange medium in the second trunk can be a refrigerant or water.
  • the flow rates of the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are different, which facilitates the zoning control of the battery and improves the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the pressure of the first trunk line is different from the pressure of the second trunk line so that the flow rate is different.
  • the lengths of the first trunk line and the second trunk line can be different so that the pressures of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are different.
  • the pressure of the heat exchange medium flowing into the first trunk line and the pressure of the heat exchange medium in the second trunk line can be different so that the flow rate is different, thereby realizing zone control.
  • the control method further includes: when the third condition is met, the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different. That is, when the third condition needs to be met, the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different, thereby realizing zone control.
  • the third condition is not met, the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to be the same, or the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled not to work.
  • zone control can be realized only when the condition is met, which can reduce energy consumption.
  • the heat exchange signal and the third condition are different signals.
  • the heat exchange signal is obtained and the third condition is not met, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to perform heat exchange with the battery.
  • the heat exchange parameters in the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different.
  • the flow rates of the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to be different.
  • the flow rates of the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be the same.
  • the third condition is obtained, the flow rate of the first trunk is controlled to be different from the flow rate of the second trunk.
  • the heat exchange signal includes determining whether a third condition is satisfied.
  • the third condition that is, when the heat exchange signal is determined to be obtained, the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are directly controlled to be different. That is, when the heat exchange signal is obtained, the thermal management system is directly controlled to enter the zone control mode.
  • the third condition includes: the temperature rise rate V H of the first region ⁇ the first rate threshold, that is, at this time, it is determined that the temperature rise of the first region is higher, so that there is a temperature difference between the first region and the second region, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different, thereby realizing zone control and improving battery temperature uniformity.
  • the third condition includes: the difference V 0 between the temperature rise rate of the first area and the temperature rise rate of the second area ⁇ the first temperature rise threshold, that is, at this time, the temperature rise rates of the first area and the second area are different, and there is a temperature difference between the first area and the second area, so the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are controlled differently, thereby realizing zone control and improving battery temperature uniformity.
  • the first rate threshold, the second temperature rise threshold, and the third temperature threshold can be set according to actual conditions, for example, according to battery parameters, where the battery parameters may include: battery capacity, battery shape (cylindrical, square, long blade, short blade, etc.), battery material (lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium battery, etc.), battery form (liquid battery, solid-state battery, semi-solid-state battery, etc.). For another example, it can be set according to the charge and discharge state.
  • the temperature rise rate of the first region is ⁇ 2.5°C/min
  • the temperature rate of the second region is ⁇ 2.5°C/min
  • the temperature rate of the second region is ⁇ 1.5°C/min
  • the temperature TH of the first area is the highest temperature of the battery
  • the temperature TL of the second area is the lowest temperature of the battery. Therefore, according to the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature, it can be clearly determined whether there is a temperature difference between the first area and the second area to determine whether zone control is required.
  • the control method further includes: when the fourth condition is met, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk cools the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different. That is, when it is determined that the fourth condition is met, the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to cool the battery, and the flow rate and/or the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to be different to control the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk to be different. When it is determined that the fourth condition is met, it is also possible to control one of the first trunk and the second trunk to work to cool the battery and the other not to work.
  • the heat exchange signal may include determining whether a fourth condition is met. Therefore, when it is determined that the fourth condition is met, it can be determined that the heat exchange signal is received, and at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to cool the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk line and the second trunk line are different.
  • the heat exchange signal and the fourth condition are different signals.
  • the heat exchange signal is obtained and the fourth condition is not met, At least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery.
  • the heat exchange parameters in the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different. For example, the flow rates of the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to be different.
  • the fourth condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ fourth temperature threshold. Specifically, when it is determined that the battery temperature is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, it means that the battery temperature is high and the battery needs to be cooled, then at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the battery temperature in the battery temperature ⁇ fourth temperature threshold can be the maximum temperature of the battery or the average temperature of the battery.
  • the fourth temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, that is, when it is determined that the battery temperature is ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery, so that the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different, thereby realizing zone control.
  • the first trunk with a large flow rate can exchange heat with the first area with a higher temperature, thereby improving the cooling effect on the first area and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the zone control is exited, and at least one battery of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool.
  • the fourth condition includes: battery charging power ⁇ first threshold, battery discharging power ⁇ second threshold, motor power ⁇ third threshold. It is understandable that when at least one of the above conditions is met, it means that the battery, especially the electrode, is heated and needs to be cooled. At this time, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the first threshold and the first power threshold may be the same or different, and the second threshold and the second power threshold may be the same or different.
  • it may be determined based on the battery temperature whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met, for example, when the battery temperature ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, it is determined that the fourth condition is met.
  • the temperature difference between the first area and the second area may be determined to determine whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met.
  • the fourth condition includes: charging voltage ⁇ third voltage threshold, discharging voltage ⁇ at least one of the third voltage threshold. It is understandable that when at least one of the above conditions is met, it means that the battery, especially the electrode, is heated to a large extent and needs to be cooled. At this time, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the first voltage threshold and the third voltage threshold may be the same or different, and the second voltage threshold and the fourth voltage threshold may be the same or different.
  • the first voltage threshold and the third voltage threshold are the same, and the second voltage threshold and the fourth voltage threshold are the same, it can be determined according to the battery temperature whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met, for example, when the battery temperature ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, it is determined that the fourth condition is met.
  • the temperature difference between the first area and the second area can be determined to determine whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met.
  • the fourth condition includes: charging current ⁇ fourth current threshold, discharging current ⁇ fifth current threshold. That is to say, when at least one of the above conditions is met, it means that the battery, especially the electrode, is heated to a large extent and needs to be cooled. At this time, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to cool the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the first current threshold and the fourth current threshold may be the same or different, and the second current threshold and the fifth current threshold may be the same or different.
  • the first current threshold and the fourth current threshold are the same, and the second current threshold and the fifth current threshold are the same, it can be determined based on the battery temperature whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met, for example, when the battery temperature ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, it is determined that the fourth condition is met.
  • the temperature difference between the first area and the second area can be determined to determine whether the first condition or the fourth condition is met.
  • the first threshold is 100KW, that is, when the charging power is ⁇ 100kw, it means that it is in a high-power charging mode, such as fast charging or overcharging mode. At this time, the heat generated by the battery is large, so at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to cool the battery.
  • the value of the third voltage threshold is 500V, or the value of the fourth current threshold is 200A/250A, which indicates that it is in a high-power charging mode, such as a fast charging or overcharging mode.
  • a high-power charging mode such as a fast charging or overcharging mode.
  • the first threshold value ranges from 20-180 kW
  • the third voltage threshold value ranges from 200 V to 750 V
  • the fourth current threshold value ranges from 20 A to 250 A.
  • the above values can be taken from a fast charging DC pile.
  • the value range of the first threshold is 250-600kW
  • the value range of the third voltage threshold is 200V-1000V
  • the value range of the fourth current threshold is 600A and above.
  • the above values can be taken from the supercharging high-power DC pile.
  • the first threshold, the third voltage threshold, and the fourth current threshold can be taken from the following combination ranges: 350kW (1000V-500A), 350kW (1000V-500A), 250kW (500V-631A), 100kW (500V-200A), 180kW (1000V-250A). At this time, when at least one of the first threshold, the third voltage threshold, and the fourth current threshold is determined to meet the conditions first, it is determined that the fourth condition is met.
  • the maximum value of the first threshold is 100kw
  • the third voltage threshold is 600V
  • the fourth current threshold is 170A.
  • the maximum value of the first threshold is 430kw
  • the third voltage threshold is 800V
  • the fourth current threshold is 550A.
  • the fourth condition includes at least one of the end of battery self-heating and the partition cooling instruction input by the user.
  • the user can input the partition cooling instruction through a terminal such as a mobile phone APP or a driving computer.
  • battery self-heating refers to using the electric energy of the charging pile to heat the battery.
  • the heating method is internal heating achieved through rapid and high-power charging and discharging of the battery. The heating speed is fast and the heating efficiency is high. It can be achieved that the battery outputs electric energy while the charging pile replenishes electric energy.
  • the control method further includes: when the fifth condition is met, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk heats the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different. That is, when it is determined that the fifth condition is met, the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to heat the battery, and the flow rate and/or the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first trunk and the second trunk can be controlled to be different, so as to control the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk to be different. When it is determined that the fifth condition is met, it is also possible to control one of the first trunk and the second trunk to work to heat the battery and the other not to work.
  • the heat exchange signal may include determining whether the fifth condition is satisfied. Therefore, when it is determined that the fifth condition is satisfied, it can be determined that the heat exchange signal is received, and at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery.
  • the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the heat exchange signal and the fifth condition are different signals.
  • the heat exchange signal is obtained and the fifth condition is not met, at least one of the first trunk line and the second trunk line is controlled to heat the battery.
  • the heat exchange parameters in the first trunk line and the second trunk line are controlled to be different. For example, the flow rates of the first trunk line and the second trunk line can be controlled to be different.
  • the fifth condition includes: battery temperature ⁇ fifth temperature threshold. Specifically, when it is determined that the battery temperature ⁇ fifth temperature threshold, it means that the battery temperature is low and the battery needs to be heated, then at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the battery temperature in the battery temperature ⁇ fifth temperature threshold can be the lowest temperature of the battery or the average temperature of the battery.
  • the fifth temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold, that is, when it is determined that the battery temperature is less than or equal to the fifth temperature threshold, the zone control is entered, and at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are different.
  • the second trunk with a large flow rate can exchange heat with the second area with a lower temperature, thereby improving the cooling effect on the second area and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the zone control is exited, and at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery.
  • the fifth condition includes: battery charging power ⁇ fourth threshold, battery discharging power ⁇ at least one of the fifth threshold. It is understandable that the temperature of the battery will affect the charging and discharging power of the battery. When it is determined that the battery charging power ⁇ fourth threshold, battery discharging power ⁇ at least one of the fifth threshold, it means that the battery temperature is too low, so that the charging power or discharging power cannot rise to the set requirement. At this time, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different. Thereby increasing the temperature of the battery.
  • the fifth threshold and the third power threshold may be the same or different.
  • the temperature difference between the first area and the second area can be determined to determine whether the second condition or the fifth condition is met.
  • the fifth condition includes: at least one of the discharge voltage ⁇ the fifth voltage threshold and the discharge current ⁇ the sixth current threshold. It is understandable that the temperature of the battery will affect the discharge voltage and discharge current of the battery. When it is determined that the discharge voltage ⁇ the fifth voltage threshold and the discharge current ⁇ the sixth current threshold, it means that the temperature of the battery is too low, so that the discharge voltage and the discharge current cannot rise to the set requirements. At this time, at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk is controlled to heat the battery, and the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk are controlled to be different. Thereby increasing the temperature of the battery.
  • the fifth voltage threshold and the third voltage threshold may be the same or different, and the sixth current threshold and the third current threshold may be the same or different.
  • it can be determined according to the battery temperature whether the second condition or the fifth condition is met, for example, when the battery temperature ⁇ the fifth temperature threshold, it is determined that the fifth condition is met.
  • the temperature difference between the first area and the second area can be determined to determine whether the second condition or the fifth condition is met.
  • the fifth condition includes: charging voltage ⁇ sixth voltage threshold, charging current ⁇ seventh current threshold, at least one of a zone heating instruction input by a user.
  • the control controls at least one of the first trunk and the second trunk to heat the battery, and controls the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk and the second trunk to be different. Thereby increasing the temperature of the battery.
  • the first area is cooled preferentially; wherein the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the temperature of the first area is higher, so the first area needs to be cooled preferentially, so that the cooling rate of the first area is higher than the cooling rate of the second area, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • preferential cooling can refer to cooling the first area with a larger heat exchange medium flow rate, or cooling the first area with a lower heat exchange medium temperature.
  • the first area when the sixth condition is met, the first area is cooled preferentially. In other words, it is necessary to determine whether the sixth condition is met, and then determine whether the first area is cooled preferentially to avoid energy waste.
  • the sixth condition includes: the difference between the temperature of the first area and the temperature of the second area ⁇ the first temperature difference threshold and the battery temperature ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold, or the difference between the temperature rise rate of the first area and the temperature rise rate of the second area ⁇ the first speed difference threshold and the battery temperature ⁇ the fourth temperature threshold.
  • cooling the first region preferentially includes: the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line is greater than the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line, so that more flow rate of the heat exchange medium can be used to cool the first region, thereby increasing the cooling speed of the first region and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the difference between the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk is ⁇ the first flow rate threshold, so as to ensure the flow rate of the heat exchange medium diverted to the first trunk, ensure the priority cooling effect on the first area, and further improve the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the first region is cooled preferentially, including: the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the first trunk is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the second trunk.
  • the first region can be cooled preferentially using a lower heat exchange medium, thereby ensuring the preferential cooling effect on the first region and further improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • cooling the first region preferentially includes: the pressure at the outlet of the first trunk is lower than the pressure at the outlet of the second trunk, so that the flow resistance in the first trunk is lower than the flow in the second trunk, so that the flow of the heat exchange medium diverted to the first trunk is larger, thereby ensuring the preferential cooling effect on the first region and further improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the second area is heated preferentially; the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the temperature of the second area is lower at this time, so the second area is heated preferentially, so that when the heating rate of the second area is higher than the heating rate of the first area, the temperature uniformity of the battery can be improved.
  • the preferential heating in the present application can refer to heating the second area with a larger heat exchange medium flow rate, or heating the second area with a higher heat exchange medium temperature.
  • the second area when the seventh condition is met, the second area is heated preferentially. In other words, it is necessary to determine whether the seventh condition is met, so as to determine whether the second area is heated preferentially to avoid energy waste.
  • the seventh condition includes: the difference between the temperature of the first area and the temperature of the second area ⁇ the second temperature difference threshold and the battery temperature ⁇ the fifth temperature threshold, or the difference between the temperature rise rate of the first area and the temperature rise rate of the second area is ⁇ the second speed difference threshold and the battery temperature is ⁇ the fifth temperature threshold.
  • the second temperature difference threshold and the third temperature threshold may be the same or different.
  • the second speed difference threshold and the first temperature rise threshold may be the same or different.
  • controlling the second region to be heated preferentially includes: the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk line is greater than the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk line, so that more heat exchange medium is used to heat the second region, thereby increasing the heating speed of the second region and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the difference between the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the second trunk and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the first trunk is ⁇ the second flow rate threshold, so that the flow rate of the heat exchange medium diverted to the second trunk can be guaranteed to be larger, and more heat exchange medium can be used to heat the second area, thereby increasing the heating speed of the second area and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • controlling the second region to be heated preferentially includes: the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the second trunk line is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the first trunk line, so as to heat the second region with a higher temperature heat exchange medium, increase the heating speed of the second region, and improve the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • the difference between the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the second trunk and the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the inlet end of the first trunk is ⁇ the sixth threshold value.
  • the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second trunk can be ensured to be higher, and the heat exchange medium with a higher temperature can be used to heat the second area, thereby increasing the heating speed of the second area and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery.
  • preferentially heating the second region includes: the pressure at the outlet of the second trunk line is greater than the pressure at the outlet of the first trunk line, thereby extending the flow time of the heat exchange medium in the second trunk line and improving the heating effect.
  • the first area is stopped from being cooled preferentially, and/or the second area is stopped from being heated preferentially; the temperature of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature of the second area; or the temperature rise rate of the first area of the battery is higher than the temperature rise rate of the second area; or the first area of the battery is the electrode area of the battery, and the second area of the battery is the non-electrode area of the battery.
  • the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
  • the eighth condition includes: the temperature difference between the first area and the second area is less than the seventh threshold; or
  • the temperature rise rate of the first region and the second region is the same; or
  • the difference in the temperature rise rate between the first area and the second area is less than the eighth threshold value. That is, when it is determined that one of the eighth conditions is met, it means that the temperature difference between the first area and the second area is small, and there is no need to perform zone-controlled heat exchange, then the zone-controlled cooling or zone-controlled heating is controlled to exit, thereby reducing system energy consumption and ensuring a uniform temperature effect.
  • the control when it is determined that the temperature rise rate of the first area is ⁇ 2.5°C/min and the minimum battery temperature is >10°C, the control enters the cooling zone control, the control gives priority to cooling the first area, and the heat exchange of the first trunk line is controlled to be greater than the heat exchange of the second trunk line.
  • the control when it is determined that T 0 ⁇ 10°C and the lowest battery temperature is > 10°C, the control enters the cooling zone control, the control gives priority to cooling the first zone, and the heat exchange of the first trunk line is controlled to be greater than that of the second trunk line.
  • the control when it is determined that the temperature rise rate of the first area is ⁇ 2.5°C/min and the minimum battery temperature is ⁇ 10°C, the control enters the heating zone control, the second area is heated preferentially, and the heat exchange of the second trunk line is controlled to be greater than the heat exchange of the first trunk line.
  • the control when it is determined that T 0 ⁇ 10°C and the lowest battery temperature is ⁇ 10°C, the control enters the heating zone control, the second zone is heated preferentially, and the heat exchange amount of the second trunk is controlled to be greater than that of the first trunk.
  • the first main circuit 10a is provided with a first heat exchange unit 21 and a first electronic expansion valve 61.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 is provided at the first end of the first heat exchange unit 21. The opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is adjusted to adjust the heat exchange parameters of the first main circuit 10a.
  • the second trunk 10b is provided with a second heat exchange unit 22 and a second electronic expansion valve 62, and the second electronic expansion valve 62 is provided at the first end of the second heat exchange unit 22, and the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is adjusted to adjust the heat exchange parameters of the second trunk.
  • the refrigerant flow and/or refrigerant temperature entering the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be adjusted through the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the heat exchange parameters.
  • the first trunk circuit 10a further includes a fifth electronic expansion valve 65, which is located at the second end of the first heat exchange unit 21, and the opening of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 is adjusted to adjust the heat exchange parameters of the first trunk circuit;
  • the second trunk 10b further includes a sixth electronic expansion valve 66, which is located at the second end of the second heat exchange unit 22.
  • the opening of the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 is adjusted to adjust the heat exchange parameters of the second trunk.
  • the refrigerant flow and/or refrigerant temperature in the first trunk and the second trunk can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the heat exchange parameters.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 is located between the first heat exchange unit 21 and the external condenser 130
  • the second electronic expansion valve 62 is located between the second heat exchange unit 22 and the external condenser 130.
  • the refrigerant flow rate and/or the refrigerant temperature of the first heat exchange unit 21 can be adjusted by the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the fifth electronic expansion valve 65
  • the refrigerant flow rate and/or the refrigerant temperature of the second heat exchange unit 22 can be adjusted by the second electronic expansion valve 62 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66, thereby achieving independent adjustment of the temperature of the first area and the second area, thereby realizing the purpose of zone control.
  • At least one of the first electronic expansion valve 61, the fifth electronic expansion valve 65, the second electronic expansion valve 62 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 has a different opening degree so that the heat exchange between the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b is different. Specifically, when the temperature of the first area is higher than that of the second area; or When the temperature rise rate of the first region is greater than that of the second region, the heat exchange amount of the first trunk line 10a is greater than that of the second trunk line 10b during cooling, so that the first region can be cooled preferentially, thereby achieving temperature uniformity of the battery 300. When heating, the heat exchange amount of the first trunk line 10a is less than that of the second trunk line 10b, so that the second region can be heated preferentially.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is adjusted according to the superheat ⁇ TA of the second end of the first heat exchange unit 21, and the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is reduced at set intervals.
  • the cooling instruction may be an operation instruction issued by a user, or an instruction issued by the system when it detects that the battery 300 needs to be cooled, for example, when it is detected that the maximum temperature of the battery 300 is greater than the first set temperature.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 according to the superheat ⁇ TA of the second end of the first heat exchange unit 21, it can be ensured that the flow rate and/or temperature of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange unit 21 meets the cooling demand of the first area.
  • the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 at set time intervals, the amount of refrigerant in the second heat exchange unit 22 can be reduced to avoid excessive cooling of the second area, thereby achieving different heat exchange amounts between the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b, thereby achieving temperature uniformity of the battery 300.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is reduced; when ⁇ TA> ⁇ TD, the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is increased; when ⁇ TD ⁇ TA ⁇ TC, the first electronic expansion valve 61 maintains the current opening.
  • the flow rate and/or temperature of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange unit 21 can be guaranteed to meet the cooling effect of the first area, and the excessive cooling of the first area can be avoided. It should be noted that the values of ⁇ TC and ⁇ TD can be limited according to actual conditions.
  • the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is reduced at set time intervals until it is detected that the temperature difference between the first area and the second area is less than the first threshold value, and the second electronic expansion valve 62 resumes adjusting its opening according to the superheat ⁇ TB at the second end of the second heat exchange unit 22.
  • the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is reduced; when ⁇ TB> ⁇ TD2, the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is increased; when ⁇ TD2 ⁇ TB ⁇ TC2, the second electronic expansion valve 62 maintains the current opening. It should be noted that the values of ⁇ TC2 and ⁇ TD2 can be limited according to actual conditions.
  • a first sensor 31 is provided between the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 and the first heat exchange unit 21
  • a second sensor 32 is provided between the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the first heat exchange unit 21
  • a third sensor 33 is provided between the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 and the second heat exchange unit 22
  • a fourth sensor 34 is provided between the second electronic expansion valve 62 and the second heat exchange unit 22, so that the superheat of the second end of the first trunk 10a can be calculated by the pressure/temperature detected by the first sensor 31, and the superheat of the second end of the second trunk 10b can be calculated by the pressure/temperature detected by the third sensor 33.
  • the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 are opened to the maximum, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the first main line 10a and the second main line 10b to ensure the cooling effect.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is adjusted according to the superheat ⁇ TA of the second end of the first heat exchange unit 21, and the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is adjusted according to the superheat ⁇ TB of the second end of the second heat exchange unit 22, and the openings of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 are maximized.
  • the cooling effect can be ensured.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is reduced; when ⁇ TA> ⁇ TD1, the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is increased; when ⁇ TD1 ⁇ TA ⁇ TC1, the first electronic expansion valve 61 maintains the current opening. It should be noted that the values of ⁇ TC1 and ⁇ TD1 can be limited according to actual conditions.
  • the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is reduced; when ⁇ TB> ⁇ TD2, the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is increased; when ⁇ TD2 ⁇ TB ⁇ TC2, the second electronic expansion valve 62 maintains the current opening. It should be noted that the values of ⁇ TC2 and ⁇ TD2 can be limited according to actual conditions.
  • the opening of the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 is the largest, and the opening of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 is reduced at set intervals.
  • the heat exchange amount of the second trunk 10b can be different from that of the first trunk 10a, so that the refrigerant temperature in the second trunk 10b is higher than the refrigerant temperature in the first trunk 10a and/or the refrigerant flow in the second trunk 10b is greater than the refrigerant flow in the first trunk 10a, so that the second region is preferentially heated, thereby achieving temperature uniformity of the battery 300.
  • the opening degree of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 is reduced at set intervals, the opening degree of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 is stopped from being reduced until the temperature difference is smaller than the second threshold.
  • the heating instruction may be an operation instruction issued by a user, or an instruction issued by the system when it detects that the battery 300 needs to be heated, for example, when it is detected that the lowest temperature of the battery 300 is greater than the second set temperature.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is adjusted according to the supercooling degree ⁇ T1 of the first end of the first heat exchange unit 21, and the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is adjusted according to the supercooling degree ⁇ T2 of the first end of the second heat exchange unit 22.
  • the heat exchange amount of the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 can be adjusted in real time to ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery 300.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is reduced; when ⁇ TA> ⁇ T4, the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is increased; when ⁇ T4 ⁇ TA ⁇ T3, the first electronic expansion valve 61 maintains the current opening;
  • T3, T4, T5, and T6 can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the openings of the fifth electronic expansion valve 65 and the sixth electronic expansion valve 66 are at their maximum, and the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is adjusted according to the supercooling ⁇ T1 of the first end of the first heat exchange unit 21, and the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 62 is adjusted according to the supercooling ⁇ T2 of the first end of the second heat exchange unit 22.
  • the heat exchange of the first heat exchange unit 21 and the second heat exchange unit 22 can be adjusted in real time to ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery 300.
  • the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is reduced; when ⁇ TA> ⁇ T8, the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 61 is increased; when ⁇ T8 ⁇ TA ⁇ T7, the first electronic expansion valve 61 maintains the current opening;
  • T7, T8, T9, and T10 can be set according to actual conditions.
  • the supercooling degree ⁇ T1 of the first trunk line 10a is calculated according to the pressure detected by the first sensor 31 and the temperature detected by the second sensor 32.
  • the supercooling degree ⁇ T2 of the second trunk line 10b is calculated according to the pressure detected by the third sensor 33 and the temperature detected by the fourth sensor 34, so that the real-time supercooling degree can be obtained.
  • a thermal management system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-2 .
  • the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a battery heat exchange module and a controller.
  • the battery heat exchange module includes: a first trunk line 10a and a second trunk line 10b.
  • a first heat exchange component 21 is arranged in the first trunk line 10a, and a second heat exchange component 22 is arranged in the second trunk line 10b.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 are used for exchanging heat with the battery.
  • the thermal management system 100 of the present application is used for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, a new energy vehicle, or a rail vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery heat exchange module in the thermal management system 100 is suitable for exchanging heat with the battery of the vehicle.
  • the battery can be used to power the vehicle, for example, the battery can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle, or the battery can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle to replace or partially replace fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle, or the battery can be used to power certain components of the vehicle such as a motor, so that the battery can be used for at least one of the working power requirements of the vehicle, such as starting, navigation, and driving.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 can exchange heat with the battery to adjust the temperature of the battery so that the battery has a suitable operating temperature, thereby ensuring that the battery works stably and reliably. For example, in winter when the ambient temperature is low, the battery can be heated to increase the starting speed of the battery. For another example, in summer when the ambient temperature is too high or the battery operating temperature is high, the battery can be cooled to improve the battery's operating safety and extend the battery's working life.
  • the thermal management system 100 of the present application also includes a controller, which is configured to control at least one of the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b to exchange heat according to the temperature of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is arranged in the first trunk 10a
  • the second heat exchange component 22 is arranged in the second trunk 10b, so the controller can control one of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat with the battery.
  • the working fluids flowing in the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be the same or different.
  • the working fluid can be water, or other liquid working fluids other than water, or other media that can undergo phase changes, such as carbon dioxide and refrigerant.
  • the first trunk 10a circulates a liquid working fluid
  • the second trunk 10b circulates a medium that can undergo phase changes.
  • the first trunk 10a can be connected to a high-pressure cooling system or an engine cooling system, and the coolant in the high-pressure cooling system or the engine cooling system circulates, and the second trunk 10b is connected to an air-conditioning system, and the medium that undergoes phase changes in the air-conditioning system circulates.
  • the controller can control the first heat exchange component 21 to exchange heat with the battery, the controller can also control the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat with the battery, or the controller can control both the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat with the battery, which can be selected according to the actual needs of the battery.
  • the battery pack includes a battery, a first heat exchange component 21 and a second heat exchange component 22, and the battery is arranged between the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is arranged on one side (above) of the battery, and the second heat exchange component 22 is arranged on the other side (below) of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange component is the upper cover of the battery, and the second heat exchange component is the bottom plate of the battery.
  • the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be allowed to exchange heat at the same time.
  • first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be allowed to exchange heat.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is arranged on one side of the battery
  • the second heat exchange component 22 is arranged on the other side of the battery.
  • the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can exchange heat at the same time.
  • one of the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can exchange heat.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is arranged on one side of the battery
  • the second heat exchange component 22 is arranged on the other side of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 are independent components and can work independently of each other.
  • the first trunk and the second trunk have different heat exchange modes.
  • the heat exchange effects of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 can be opposite.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 heats the battery
  • the second heat exchange component 22 cools the battery at the same time to make the temperature of the battery uniform.
  • the thermal management mode of the battery heat exchange module includes: the first trunk and the second trunk are heated or cooled at the same time, one of the first trunk and the second trunk is heated and the other is cooled, and different thermal management modes are adapted according to the temperature of different areas of the battery to make the temperature of the battery uniform.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the battery cell of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the battery cell of the present application.
  • the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged in the battery. Electrodes are provided at both ends of the battery cell 301, or electrodes are provided at one end of the battery cell 301. When the battery cell 301 is working, the electrode generates a large amount of heat, and the area near the electrode is the electrode heating area, and the area far from the electrode is the non-electrode heating area.
  • the electrode heating temperature area 301b is correspondingly provided with a first heat exchange component 21, and the second heat exchange component 22 is provided in the non-electrode heating temperature area 301a of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 cools the electrode heating temperature area 301b.
  • the second heat exchange component 22 heats the non-electrode heating temperature area 301a of the battery.
  • the efficiency of the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22 exchanging heat with the battery alone may be lower than the efficiency of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 exchanging heat with the battery together.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit to the battery may also be different. Therefore, by setting a controller, the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22, or the combination of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 can be used to exchange heat with the battery, and the battery heat exchange module can exchange heat with the battery at different efficiencies. According to the temperature of the battery, the battery heat exchange module can be used to exchange heat with the battery at an appropriate efficiency, which can reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100 and improve the functionality of the thermal management system 100.
  • the thermal management system 100 of the embodiment of the present application by providing the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22, and providing a controller to control at least one of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat with the battery, the battery heat exchange module exchanges heat with the battery at different efficiencies or different thermal management modes.
  • the controller enables the battery heat exchange module to exchange heat with the battery at appropriate efficiencies or different thermal management modes according to the temperature of the battery, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100 and improving the functionality of the thermal management system 100.
  • a working medium circulates in both the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b, and the working medium is suitable for exchanging heat with the battery at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22, thereby heating or cooling the battery.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes an air-conditioning circulation loop 101, the air-conditioning circulation loop 101 includes a heating branch, the first trunk line 10a is connected in parallel with the heating branch, and the second trunk line 10b is connected in parallel with the heating branch, and the controller is used to control the heat exchange of at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes an air conditioning circulation loop 101, which is suitable for exchanging heat for the passenger compartment.
  • an air conditioning circulation loop 101 can heat the passenger compartment, and in summer when the ambient temperature is too high, the air conditioning circulation loop 101 can cool the passenger compartment to improve user comfort.
  • the working fluid circulates in the air conditioning circulation loop 101, and the working fluid performs heat exchange in the heating branch circuit, so as to be suitable for heating or cooling the passenger compartment.
  • the heating branch of the air conditioning circulation loop 101 is used to exchange heat with the passenger compartment to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the heating branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b.
  • the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b all work independently of each other, and heating the passenger compartment and exchanging heat with the battery do not conflict with each other.
  • the controller can control the heating branch to exchange heat separately, the controller can control the first heat exchange component 21 on the first trunk 10a to exchange heat separately, and the controller can also control the second heat exchange component 22 on the second trunk 10b to exchange heat separately.
  • the controller can also control the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b to cooperate with each other for heating.
  • the controller can also control the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b to exchange heat simultaneously.
  • the controller can control the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the controller can also control the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a cooling branch, a first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the cooling branch, and a second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the cooling branch, and a controller is used to control heat exchange of at least one of the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b.
  • the cooling branch includes an evaporator 140 and a third electronic expansion valve 63, and the third electronic expansion valve 63 is arranged between the external condenser 130 and the evaporator 140.
  • the cooling branch also includes a third one-way valve 43, and the third one-way valve 43 is arranged between the evaporator 140 and the compressor 11.
  • the cooling branch of the air conditioning circulation loop 101 is used to exchange heat with the passenger compartment to cool the passenger compartment.
  • the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b.
  • the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b all work independently of each other, and there is no conflict between cooling the passenger compartment and exchanging heat with the battery.
  • the controller can control the heating branch to exchange heat separately, the controller can control the first heat exchange component 21 on the first trunk 10a to exchange heat separately, and the controller can also control the second heat exchange component 22 on the second trunk 10b to exchange heat separately.
  • the controller can also control the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b to exchange heat simultaneously, the controller can control the heating branch to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery, and the controller can also control the heating branch to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a cooling branch and a heating branch, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the cooling branch, the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the heating branch, and the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the heating branch.
  • the controller is used to control heat exchange of at least one of the hot branch, the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes an air conditioning circulation loop 101, which is suitable for exchanging heat with the passenger compartment.
  • an air conditioning circulation loop 101 which is suitable for exchanging heat with the passenger compartment.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a cooling branch and a heating branch.
  • the cooling branch of the air conditioning circulation loop 101 is used to exchange heat with the passenger compartment to cool the passenger compartment
  • the heating branch of the air conditioning circulation loop 101 is used to exchange heat with the passenger compartment to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the working fluid circulates in the air conditioning circulation loop 101, that is, circulates in the heating and cooling branches, so as to be suitable for heating or cooling the passenger compartment.
  • the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b
  • the heating branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b. Therefore, the cooling branch, the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b work independently of each other, and there is no conflict between heat exchange for the passenger compartment and heat exchange for the battery.
  • the controller can control the heating branch to exchange heat separately, the controller can control the cooling branch to exchange heat separately, the controller can control the first heat exchange component 21 on the first trunk line 10a to exchange heat separately, and the controller can also control the second heat exchange component 22 on the second trunk line 10b to exchange heat separately.
  • the controller can also control any combination of the cooling branch, the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b to exchange heat simultaneously.
  • the controller can control the cooling branch to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the controller can also control the cooling branch to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the controller can control the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the controller can also control the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the controller can control the cooling branch to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the passenger compartment can also control the battery unit to exchange heat with the battery while controlling the cooling branch to cool the passenger compartment and the heating branch to heat the passenger compartment.
  • the heating branch and the heating branch of the air-conditioning circulation loop 101 are respectively connected in parallel with the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b, and work independently of each other.
  • the thermal management system 100 can be controlled to realize different functions, and different functions can be performed synchronously.
  • the functionality of the thermal management system 100 is strong, which improves the working efficiency of the thermal management system 100.
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes: a storage device connected between an exhaust port of the compressor 11 and an air inlet of the compressor 11 .
  • the working medium flows in from the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium, and flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11.
  • the working medium can flow back to the compressor 11 again after heat exchange, completing a cycle.
  • the storage device is connected between the exhaust port of the compressor 11 and the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the storage device is configured to store the working fluid and discharge the stored working fluid. It is understandable that the phase of the working fluid is different when the working fluid heat exchange is used for heating and when the working fluid heat exchange is used for cooling, and at the same mass, the volume of the gaseous working fluid is greater than the volume of the liquid working fluid, resulting in the working fluid demand during heating being different from the working fluid demand during cooling.
  • the working fluid can be stored and the stored working fluid can be discharged, and the working mass can be supplemented or reduced according to the temperature of the battery.
  • the storage device is configured so that the working fluid can be liquefied in the storage device by releasing heat, and the storage device can store liquid working fluid.
  • the storage device is connected between the exhaust port of the compressor 11 and the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the storage device can liquefy the working fluid flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 and store it inside the storage device.
  • the controller controls the storage device to replenish the working fluid to the first trunk line 10a or/and the second trunk line 10b according to the temperature of the battery.
  • the controller can control the storage device to replenish or reduce the working fluid to the first trunk line 10a or/and the second trunk line 10b according to the temperature of the battery.
  • the phase of the working fluid is different from that when the battery is cooled.
  • the volume of the gaseous working fluid is greater than that of the liquid working fluid, resulting in a higher working fluid demand when heating the battery than when cooling the battery.
  • the controller controls the memory to release the stored working fluid and replenish it to the first trunk 10a or/and the second trunk 10b to meet the working fluid demand when heating the battery; when the battery heat exchange module cools the battery, the memory stores the working fluid flowing through, reduces the amount of working fluid in the first trunk 10a or/and the second trunk 10b, and meets the working fluid demand when cooling the battery.
  • the storage device is configured as a liquid storage dryer, which is configured to store liquid working fluid and discharge the stored liquid working fluid.
  • the liquid storage dryer can also filter out moisture and impurities in the working fluid, avoid damage or blockage of the working fluid pipeline, extend the service life of the working fluid pipeline, and allow the working fluid to flow smoothly.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a compressor 11, a first heat exchanger 12 and a second heat exchanger 13, the compressor 11 includes an air inlet and an exhaust port, and the exhaust port of the compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12, the second heat exchanger 13 and the air inlet of the compressor 11 are connected in sequence.
  • the working fluid flows in from the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid, and flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11.
  • the first port of the first heat exchanger 12 is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and the second port of the first heat exchanger 12 is connected to the second heat exchanger 13, and the second heat exchanger 13 is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 11. Therefore, after the working fluid flows out of the compressor 11, it flows through the first heat exchanger 12, and then flows through the second heat exchanger 13, and after other heat exchanges, it finally returns to the compressor 11, forming a working fluid loop and completing a cycle.
  • the heating branch includes a first heat exchanger 12, a first trunk line 10a is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12, and a second trunk line 10b is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12.
  • the controller is used to control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected with at least one of the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b, so as to realize heat exchange among at least one of the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b.
  • the heating branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk line 10a, and the heating branch is connected in parallel with the second trunk line 10b.
  • the first heat exchanger 12 on the heating branch and the first heat exchange component 21 on the first trunk line 10a, as well as the second heat exchange component 22 on the second trunk line 10b are all connected in parallel with each other, and the first heat exchanger 12, the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work independently of each other.
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 11 can be selectively connected to at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b, and the working fluid flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 is a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid. Therefore, when the exhaust port of the compressor 11 is connected to one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b, the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b generate heat.
  • the controller can control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the heating branch to achieve heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 12.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the first trunk 10a to control heat exchange in the first heat exchange component 21.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the second trunk 10b to control heat exchange in the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to any of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b at the same time to control the first heat exchanger 12, the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat at the same time.
  • the controller can control the first heat exchanger 12 to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a compressor 11, a second heat exchanger 13 and a third heat exchanger 14, the compressor 11 includes an air inlet and an exhaust port, and the exhaust port of the compressor 11, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 14 and the air inlet of the compressor 11 are connected in sequence.
  • the cooling branch includes a third heat exchanger 14, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14, and the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the controller is used to control the second heat exchanger 13 to communicate with at least one of the third heat exchanger 14, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b, so as to achieve heat exchange between at least one of the third heat exchanger 14, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b.
  • the working fluid flows in from the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid, and flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11.
  • the first port of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and the second port of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected to the third heat exchanger 14, and the third heat exchanger 14 is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 11. Therefore, after the working fluid flows out of the compressor 11, it flows through the second heat exchanger 13, and then flows through the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the working fluid releases heat and liquefies in the second heat exchanger 13, and then enters the third heat exchanger 14 after throttling and reducing pressure to absorb heat and vaporize, thereby refrigerating in the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the gaseous working fluid finally returns to the compressor 11, forming a working fluid loop and completing a cycle.
  • the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk line 10a, and the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the second trunk line 10b.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 on the cooling branch and the first heat exchange component 21 on the first trunk line 10a, and the second heat exchange component 22 on the second trunk line 10b are all connected in parallel with each other, and the third heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work independently of each other.
  • the controller can control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the cooling branch to achieve heat exchange with the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the first trunk 10a to control the heat exchange of the first heat exchange component 21.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the second trunk 10b to control the heat exchange of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to any of the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b at the same time to control the third heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat at the same time.
  • the controller can control the third heat exchanger 14 to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the heat pump air conditioning circulation loop 101 includes: a compressor 11, a first heat exchanger 12, a second heat exchanger 13 and a third heat exchanger 14, the compressor 11 includes an air inlet and an exhaust port, and the exhaust port of the compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12, the second heat exchanger 13, the third heat exchanger 14 and the air inlet of the compressor 11 are connected in sequence.
  • the working medium flows in from the air inlet of the compressor 11, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium, and flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11.
  • the first port of the first heat exchanger 12 is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 11, the second port of the first heat exchanger 12 is connected to the first port of the second heat exchanger 13, the second port of the second heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first port of the third heat exchanger 14, and the second port of the third heat exchanger 14 is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 11.
  • the working medium flows out of the compressor 11, it flows through the first heat exchanger 12, then flows through the second heat exchanger 13, then flows through the third heat exchanger 14, and finally returns to the compressor 11, forming a working medium loop and completing a cycle.
  • the working medium exchanges heat in at least one of the first heat exchanger 12, the second heat exchanger 13 and the third heat exchanger 14, and then forms a gaseous working medium and returns to the air inlet of the compressor 11.
  • the heating branch includes a first heat exchanger 12, the cooling branch includes a third heat exchanger 14, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12, the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14, and the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the second heat exchanger 13 can be located in the heating branch, the second heat exchanger 13 can also be located in the cooling branch, and the second heat exchanger 13 can also be used only as a pipeline for the working medium to pass through.
  • the working medium is in the first
  • the second heat exchanger 13 neither absorbs heat nor releases heat, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the heating branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a, the heating branch is connected in parallel with the second trunk 10b, the first heat exchanger 12 on the heating branch and the first heat exchange assembly 21 on the first trunk 10a, and the second heat exchange assembly 22 on the second trunk 10b are all connected in parallel, and the first heat exchanger 12, the first heat exchange assembly 21 and the second heat exchange assembly 22 work independently of each other.
  • the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the first trunk 10a, the cooling branch is connected in parallel with the second trunk 10b, the third heat exchanger 14 on the cooling branch and the first heat exchange assembly 21 on the first trunk 10a, and the second heat exchange assembly 22 on the second trunk 10b are all connected in parallel, and the third heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchange assembly 21 and the second heat exchange assembly 22 work independently of each other.
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 11 can be selectively connected to at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b, and the heating branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b are heat exchanged.
  • the working medium flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 is a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium, so when the exhaust port of the compressor 11 is connected to one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b, at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b is heated.
  • the air inlet of the compressor 11 can be selectively connected to at least one of the cooling branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b.
  • the second heat exchanger 13 connected to the other side of the third heat exchanger 14 can also be selectively connected to at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a, and the second trunk 10b, and the cooling branch and the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be used for heat exchange.
  • the cooling branch and the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be used for refrigeration.
  • the controller is used to control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to communicate with at least one of the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b to achieve heat exchange among at least one of the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b.
  • the controller can control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the heating branch to achieve heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 12.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the first trunk 10a to control the heat exchange of the first heat exchange component 21.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the second trunk 10b to control the heat exchange of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the controller can also control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to any of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b at the same time to control the first heat exchanger 12, the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat at the same time.
  • the controller can control the first heat exchanger 12 to heat the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the controller is used to control the second heat exchanger 13 to communicate with at least one of the first trunk line 10a, the second trunk line 10b and the third heat exchanger 14 to achieve heat exchange among at least one of the first trunk line 10a, the second trunk line 10b and the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the controller can control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the cooling branch to achieve heat exchange with the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the first trunk 10a to control the heat exchange of the first heat exchange component 21.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to the second trunk 10b to control the heat exchange of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the controller can also control the second heat exchanger 13 to be connected to any of the heating branch, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b at the same time to control the third heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchange component 21 or the second heat exchange component 22 to exchange heat at the same time.
  • the controller can control the third heat exchanger 14 to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to cool the battery.
  • the controller can control the first heat exchanger 12 to cool the passenger compartment while controlling the battery heat exchange module to heat the battery.
  • the first heat exchanger 12 is an in-vehicle condenser 120, which is suitable for heating the passenger compartment.
  • the working medium flows in the working medium circuit formed by the compressor 11 and the in-vehicle condenser 120, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 undergoes heat exchange at the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the working medium releases heat and liquefies. Subsequently, the working medium undergoes throttling and pressure reduction, and absorbs heat and vaporizes, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, completing a cycle.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 can also only serve as a pipeline, and the working medium flows through the in-vehicle condenser 120 without generating heat exchange.
  • a working fluid circuit is formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120 and the second heat exchanger 13.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 undergoes heat exchange at the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the working fluid releases heat and liquefies.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 is suitable for heating the passenger compartment.
  • the controller can control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to selectively communicate with at least one of the in-vehicle condenser 120, the first heat exchange assembly 21, and the second heat exchange assembly 22.
  • the controller can control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to selectively communicate with at least one of the in-vehicle condenser 120, the first heat exchange assembly 21, and the second heat exchange assembly 22.
  • the air conditioning circulation loop 101 as a whole has multiple branches, and the compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12 and the second heat exchanger 13 together form a working fluid circuit, which are all part of the air conditioning circulation loop 101.
  • the second heat exchanger 13 is an external condenser 130.
  • the working fluid releases heat through the external condenser 130.
  • the external condenser 130 can be used for heating. For example, in winter when the ambient temperature is low, the components of the vehicle need to be preheated and started. The external condenser 130 heats the components, which can increase the starting speed of the vehicle.
  • the external condenser 130 can also only serve as a pipeline, and the working fluid flows through the external condenser 130 without generating heat exchange.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 is an evaporator 140 , and the evaporator 140 is suitable for cooling the passenger compartment.
  • the working medium flows in the working medium circuit formed by the compressor 11 and the evaporator 140
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flowing out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11 first undergoes heat exchange in the pipeline, and the working medium releases heat and liquefies. Then, the working medium enters the evaporator 140 through throttling and pressure reduction, and the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes in the evaporator 140, cooling the evaporator 140.
  • the working medium eventually becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, completing a cycle.
  • a working fluid circuit is formed by the compressor 11, the second heat exchanger 13 and the evaporator 140.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid flowing out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11 undergoes heat exchange at the second heat exchanger 13, and the working fluid releases heat and liquefies.
  • the working fluid enters the evaporator 140 after throttling and pressure reduction.
  • the working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporator 140, which is suitable for cooling the passenger compartment. Then, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, completing a cycle.
  • the controller can control the second heat exchanger 13 to selectively communicate with at least one of the evaporator 140, the first heat exchange assembly 21 and the second heat exchange assembly 22. By setting the controller to change the flow path of the working medium in the air conditioning circulation loop 101, the passenger compartment and/or the battery can be cooled.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 in the working medium circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the evaporator 140, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flowing out of the exhaust port of the compressor 11 undergoes heat exchange at the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the working medium releases heat and liquefies.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 is suitable for heating the passenger compartment.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 can also be used only as a flow channel, and the working medium flows through the in-vehicle condenser 120 without heat exchange.
  • the working medium continues to flow to the out-vehicle condenser 130, and the working medium can undergo heat exchange at the out-vehicle condenser 130 and release heat for a second time; the working medium can also only pass through the out-vehicle condenser 130 without heat exchange at the out-vehicle condenser 130.
  • the working medium after heat release and liquefaction enters the evaporator 140 through throttling and pressure reduction, and the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporator 140, which is suitable for cooling the passenger compartment, and then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows in from the air inlet of the compressor 11, completing a cycle.
  • the controller can control the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to selectively connect to the in-vehicle condenser 120, the first heat exchange component 21, and the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the second heat exchanger 13 can also be controlled to selectively communicate with at least one of the evaporator 140, the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the in-vehicle condenser 120, the controller controls the out-vehicle condenser 130 to be connected to the evaporator 140, and the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 not to be connected to the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b, the working fluid does not exchange heat through the in-vehicle condenser 120, the working fluid releases heat through the out-vehicle condenser 130, and the working fluid absorbs heat through the evaporator 140, and the thermal management system 100 can achieve a condition of cooling the passenger compartment alone.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the in-vehicle condenser 120
  • the controller controls the out-vehicle condenser 130 to be connected to the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 not to be connected to the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b
  • the out-vehicle condenser 130 is not connected to the evaporator 140.
  • the working fluid does not exchange heat through the in-vehicle condenser 120
  • the working fluid releases heat through the out-vehicle condenser 130
  • the working fluid absorbs heat through the first heat exchange component 21 and/or the second heat exchange component 22, and the thermal management system 100 can achieve a working condition of cooling the battery.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the in-vehicle condenser 120
  • the controller controls the out-vehicle condenser 130 to be connected to the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b
  • the out-vehicle condenser 130 to be connected to the evaporator 140
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 not to be connected to the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b.
  • the working fluid does not exchange heat when passing through the in-vehicle condenser 120, the working fluid releases heat when passing through the out-vehicle condenser 130, the working fluid absorbs heat when passing through the first heat exchange component 21 and/or the second heat exchange component 22, and the working fluid absorbs heat when passing through the evaporator 140.
  • the thermal management system 100 can achieve the conditions of cooling the passenger compartment and the battery at the same time.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to communicate with the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 not to communicate with the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b, the working fluid releases heat through the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the thermal management system 100 can achieve the working condition of heating the passenger compartment.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to be connected to the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b, and the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 not to be connected to the in-vehicle condenser 120, the working fluid releases heat through the first heat exchange component 21 and/or the second heat exchange component 22, and the thermal management system 100 can achieve the working condition of heating the battery.
  • the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to communicate with the in-vehicle condenser 120, and the controller controls the exhaust port of the compressor 11 to communicate with the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b
  • the working fluid releases heat through the in-vehicle condenser 120, and at the same time, the working fluid releases heat through the first heat exchange component 21 and/or the second heat exchange component 22, and the thermal management system 100 can achieve a working condition of heating the passenger compartment and the battery at the same time.
  • the thermal management system 100 includes a first exhaust flow channel 10c, and the battery heat exchange module is connected to the air inlet through the first exhaust flow channel 10c, and the working fluid flowing through the battery heat exchange module can flow back to the air inlet through the first exhaust flow channel 10c.
  • the working fluid flows out from the exhaust port, releases heat through the external condenser 130, absorbs heat at the battery heat exchange module, and then flows back to the air inlet through the first exhaust flow channel 10c.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes a second exhaust flow channel 10d connected to the exhaust port, and the second exhaust flow channel 10d is connected to the first exhaust flow channel 10c, so the battery heat exchange module is also connected to the exhaust port through the second exhaust flow channel 10d, and the working fluid can flow to the battery heat exchange module through the second exhaust flow channel 10d.
  • the working fluid flows out of the exhaust port, flows to the battery heat exchange module through the second heat exchange flow channel, and releases heat at the battery heat exchange module.
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes a third exhaust flow channel 10 e connecting the exhaust port with the in-vehicle condenser 120 .
  • the working fluid can flow to the out-vehicle condenser 130 through the third exhaust flow channel 10 e and release heat at the in-vehicle condenser 120 .
  • the controller includes a plurality of control valve groups, and the control valve groups are operated to connect the exhaust port with at least one of the in-vehicle condenser 120 and the battery heat exchange module, so that the working fluid at the exhaust port flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 or the battery heat exchange module.
  • the control valve group By setting the control valve group, the flow direction of the working fluid can be controlled to control the operation of the thermal management system 100.
  • the control valve group includes a first on-off valve 51, a second on-off valve 52 and a third on-off valve 53.
  • the first on-off valve 51 is connected in series to the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the third on-off valve 53 is connected between the external condenser 130 and the exhaust port, that is, the third on-off valve 53 is connected in series to the third exhaust flow channel 10e.
  • the second on-off valve 52 is connected in series to the first exhaust flow channel 10c, and when the second on-off valve 52 is closed, the working fluid in the second exhaust flow channel 10d is prevented from flowing to the return air port.
  • the first on-off valve 51 can control the on-off of the second exhaust flow channel 10d to control whether the working medium flows from the exhaust port to the battery heat exchange module. When the first on-off valve 51 is closed, the working medium is prevented from flowing to the battery heat exchange module.
  • the third on-off valve 53 can control the on-off of the third flow channel to control whether the working medium flows from the exhaust port to the external condenser 130. When the third on-off valve 53 is closed, the working medium is prevented from flowing to the external condenser 130.
  • the first exhaust flow channel 10c is connected to the return port
  • the second exhaust flow channel 10d is connected to the exhaust port
  • the second exhaust flow channel 10d is connected to the first exhaust flow channel 10c.
  • the first on-off valve 51 controls the flow of the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the working fluid flowing out of the exhaust port will flow from the second exhaust flow channel 10d to the first exhaust flow channel 10c, and then directly flow back to the return port. Therefore, by setting the second on-off valve 52 in the first exhaust flow channel 10c, the second on-off valve 52 can control the on-off of the first exhaust flow channel 10c, and when the second on-off valve 52 is closed, the working fluid in the second exhaust flow channel 10d is prevented from flowing to the intake port.
  • a fourth electronic expansion valve 64 is further included, and the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 is connected in parallel with the third on-off valve 53 .
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes a first switch valve 41 and a second switch valve 42.
  • the first switch valve 41 is connected in series between the second end of the battery heat exchange module and the third heat exchanger 14, and the second switch valve 42 is connected in series between the second end of the battery heat exchange module and the second heat exchanger 13.
  • the first switch valve 41 can control the on-off between the battery heat exchange module and the third heat exchanger 14, and the second switch valve 42 can control the on-off between the battery heat exchange module and the second heat exchanger 13.
  • the first trunk 10a When one of the first switch valve 41 and the second switch valve 42 is turned on, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12, the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14, and the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the first switch valve 41 is configured as a first one-way valve 41, and the first one-way valve 41 is configured so that the working fluid flows from the battery heat exchange module to the third heat exchanger 14.
  • the first one-way valve 41 can control the working fluid to flow stably from the battery heat exchange module to the third heat exchanger 14, improve the fluidity of the working fluid, avoid the backflow of the working fluid, and improve the working stability of the thermal management system 100.
  • the first one-way valve 41 can work stably and continuously, which can reduce active control and facilitate control.
  • the second switch valve 42 is configured as a second one-way valve 42, and the second one-way valve 42 is configured so that the working fluid flows from the second heat exchanger 13 to the battery heat exchange module.
  • the second one-way valve 42 can control the working fluid to flow stably from the second heat exchanger 13 to the battery heat exchange module, improve the fluidity of the working fluid, avoid the backflow of the working fluid, and improve the working stability of the thermal management system 100.
  • the second one-way valve 42 can work stably and continuously, which can reduce active control and facilitate operation.
  • a first sensor 31 and a second sensor 32 are provided in the first trunk line 10a, the first sensor 31 is located at the first end of the first heat exchange component 21, and the second sensor 32 is located at the second end of the first heat exchange component 21.
  • a third sensor 33 is also provided in the second trunk line 10b.
  • a fourth sensor 34 the third sensor 33 is located at the first end of the second heat exchange component 22 , and the fourth sensor 34 is located at the second end of the second heat exchange component 22 .
  • the controller can control the flow of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b according to the temperature of the battery, which is not only convenient to operate, but also can make the battery quickly reach a suitable operating temperature and improve the working stability of the battery.
  • the first sensor 31 is configured as a pressure sensor, and the first sensor 31 can obtain the pressure of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a
  • the second sensor 32 is configured as a temperature sensor, and the second sensor 32 can obtain the temperature of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a
  • the third sensor 33 is configured as a pressure sensor, and the third sensor 33 can obtain the pressure of the working fluid in the second trunk 10b
  • the fourth sensor 34 is configured as a temperature sensor, and the fourth sensor 34 can obtain the temperature of the working fluid in the second trunk 10b.
  • the first trunk 10a is provided with a first sensor 31, a second sensor 32 and a first flow regulating element, the first sensor 31 is located at the first end of the first heat exchange component 21, the first flow regulating element is located at the second end of the first heat exchange component 21, and the second sensor 32 is provided between the second end of the first heat exchange component 21 and the first flow regulating element.
  • the second trunk 10b is also provided with a third sensor 33, a fourth sensor 34 and a second flow regulating element, the third sensor 33 is located at the first end of the second heat exchange component 22, the second flow regulating element is located at the second end of the second heat exchange component 22, and the fourth sensor 34 is provided between the second end of the second heat exchange component 22 and the second flow regulating element.
  • the first sensor 31 is configured as a pressure sensor, and the first sensor 31 can obtain the pressure of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a
  • the second sensor 32 is configured as a temperature sensor, and the second sensor 32 can obtain the temperature of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a
  • the third sensor 33 is configured as a pressure sensor, and the third sensor 33 can obtain the pressure of the working fluid in the second trunk 10b
  • the fourth sensor 34 is configured as a temperature sensor, and the fourth sensor 34 can obtain the temperature of the working fluid in the second trunk 10b.
  • the first flow regulating element can regulate the flow of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a, thereby regulating the pressure in the first trunk 10a, and playing a role of throttling and reducing pressure.
  • the third flow regulating element can regulate the flow of the working fluid in the second trunk 10b, thereby regulating the pressure in the second trunk 10b, and playing a role of throttling and reducing pressure.
  • the working fluid pressure in the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b is kept within a safe range, avoiding excessive pressure of the working fluid in the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b from breaking through the pipeline and causing damage to the battery, thereby improving the working stability of the battery.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the battery heat exchange module, the working fluid releases heat at the in-vehicle condenser 120 or the out-vehicle condenser 130, and then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid working fluid after throttling and reducing the pressure through the first flow regulating element and/or the second flow regulating element.
  • the working fluid becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid after evaporating and absorbing heat in the battery heat exchange module.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid flows from the air inlet into the compressor 11, completing a cycle.
  • the heat exchange element further includes a third switch valve and a fourth switch valve, the third switch valve is arranged in the first trunk line 10a, and the fourth switch valve is arranged in the second trunk line 10b.
  • the third switch valve can control the on-off of the first trunk 10a
  • the fourth switch valve can control the on-off of the second trunk 10b to control the flow or stagnation of the working medium in the first trunk 10a or the second trunk 10b.
  • the third switch valve and the fourth switch valve work independently of each other.
  • the first trunk 10a When the third switch valve is turned on, the first trunk 10a is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14, and the first trunk 10a can be connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12.
  • the fourth switch valve When the fourth switch valve is turned on, the second trunk 10b is connected in parallel with the third heat exchanger 14, and the second trunk 10b can be connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 12.
  • a first electronic expansion valve 61 is provided in the first trunk 10a, and a second electronic expansion valve 62 is provided in the second trunk 10b.
  • the first sensor 31 is located at the first end of the first heat exchange component 21, the first electronic expansion valve 61 is located at the second end of the first heat exchange component 21, and the second sensor 32 is provided between the second end of the first heat exchange component 21 and the first electronic expansion valve 61.
  • the third sensor 33 is located at the first end of the second heat exchange component 22, the second electronic expansion valve 62 is located at the second end of the second heat exchange component 22, and the fourth sensor 34 is provided between the second end of the second heat exchange component 22 and the second electronic expansion valve 62.
  • the electronic expansion valve has a flow rate regulating function, and the electronic expansion valve can reduce the pressure of the working medium flowing through it.
  • the electronic expansion valve also has an on-off function, and can selectively close the pipeline to control the flow or stagnation of the working medium in the pipeline where the electronic expansion valve is located. Therefore, the first electronic expansion valve 61 is provided on the first trunk 10a, and the first flow regulating element and the third switch valve can be eliminated. Similarly, the second electronic expansion valve 62 is provided on the second trunk 10b, and the second flow regulating element and the fourth switch valve can be eliminated, thereby reducing the number of components and reducing the difficulty of layout.
  • a fifth switch valve is provided at the first end of the evaporator 140, and the fifth switch valve is connected in series between the evaporator 140 and the air inlet of the compressor 11.
  • the fifth switch valve can control the on-off of the pipeline where the evaporator 140 is located. When the fifth switch valve is turned on, the working medium can flow to the compressor 11 through the evaporator 140.
  • the fifth switch valve is configured as a third one-way valve 43
  • the third one-way valve 43 is configured so that the working medium flows from the evaporator 140 to the compressor 11.
  • the third one-way valve 43 can control the working medium to flow stably from the evaporator 140 to the compressor 11, improve the fluidity of the working medium, avoid the backflow of the working medium, and improve the working stability of the thermal management system 100.
  • the third one-way valve 43 can work stably and continuously, which can reduce active control and facilitate control.
  • a third electronic expansion valve 63 is provided at the second end of the evaporator 140, and the third electronic expansion valve 63 is connected in series between the external condenser 130 and the evaporator 140.
  • the electronic expansion valve has a flow rate regulation function, and the third electronic expansion valve 63 can reduce the pressure of the working medium flowing through.
  • the electronic expansion valve also has an on-off function, and can selectively close the pipeline to control whether the working medium flows to the evaporator 140.
  • the working medium flows in the working medium circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the evaporator 140, the working medium releases heat at the in-vehicle condenser 120 or the out-vehicle condenser 130, and then becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid working medium after throttling and reducing the pressure by the third electronic expansion valve 63.
  • the working medium evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator 140 and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium flows into the compressor 11 from the air inlet, completing a cycle.
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes a bypass flow path 10f, the bypass flow path 10f is connected in series with a fourth on-off valve 54, and the bypass flow path 10f is connected in parallel with the fifth switch valve, the evaporator 140 and the third electronic expansion valve 63 connected in series.
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 can control the circulation and isolation of the bypass flow path 10f. When the fourth on-off valve 54 conducts the bypass flow path 10f, the working fluid flows back to the air inlet via the bypass flow path 10f; when the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow path 10f, the working fluid returns to the air inlet via the flow path where the evaporator 140 is located.
  • a fifth on-off valve 55 is provided at the first end of the off-vehicle condenser 130, and the fifth on-off valve 55 is connected in series between the off-vehicle condenser 130 and the exhaust port of the compressor 11. When the fifth on-off valve 55 is turned on, the working medium can flow to the off-vehicle condenser 130.
  • a fourth one-way valve 44 is provided at the second end of the external condenser 130 , and the fourth one-way valve 44 is configured to allow the working fluid to flow out of the external condenser 130 , thereby improving the fluidity of the working fluid and preventing the working fluid from flowing back.
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes a sixth on-off valve 56, which is disposed on a side of the first switch valve 41 away from the battery heat exchange module.
  • a sixth on-off valve 56 When the sixth on-off valve 56 is turned on, the working fluid can flow from the battery heat exchange module to the evaporator 140.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes a fifth one-way valve 45, which is disposed between the battery heat exchange module and the air inlet of the compressor 11.
  • the fifth one-way valve 45 is configured to allow the working fluid to flow from the battery heat exchange module to the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby preventing the working fluid flowing to the air inlet from flowing to the heat exchange component, thereby improving the safety of the heat exchange component.
  • the thermal management system 100 further includes a gas-liquid separator 15, which is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 11. After throttling and evaporation, the working fluid becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid. Since evaporation absorbs heat and cannot completely guarantee that all working fluids are converted into gaseous working fluids, the working fluid must first flow into the gas-liquid separator 15 before flowing back into the compressor 11.
  • the gas-liquid separator 15 separates the gaseous working fluid from the liquid working fluid, and only drives the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working fluid to flow to the compressor 11, preventing liquid droplets from liquid-hammering the functional parts in the compressor 11, and ensuring the safe and normal operation of the compressor 11.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes a series branch 10g, one end of the series branch 10g is connected to the first trunk 10a, and the other end of the series branch 10g is connected to the second trunk 10b.
  • the controller is also used to control the series branch 10g according to the temperature of the battery to realize the series connection of the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b, so that the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can exchange heat simultaneously.
  • the first interface of the first heat exchange component 21 is connected to the second interface of the second heat exchange component 22 through a series branch 10g.
  • the working fluid flows in from the second interface of the first heat exchange component 21, then flows through the first heat exchange component 21, and then flows to the second heat exchange component 22 through the series branch 10g, and finally flows out from the first interface of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the series branch 10g includes a series switch valve 57, and the first interface of the first heat exchange component 21 is connected to the second interface of the second heat exchange component 22 through the series switch valve 57.
  • the series switch valve 57 can control the on-off of the series branch 10g. When the series switch valve 57 closes the series branch 10g, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b are connected in parallel. When the series switch valve 57 connects the series branch 10g, the first trunk 10a and the second trunk 10b can be connected in series.
  • the first sensor 31 is disposed between one end of the series branch 10g and the first interface of the first heat exchange component 21, and the third sensor 33 is disposed between the other end of the series branch 10g and the second interface of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the first sensor 31, the second sensor 32, the third sensor 33 and the fourth sensor 34 can all detect information of the working fluid.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes a parallel switching valve 58, which is arranged on one side of the first interface of the first heat exchange component 21 and the first interface of the second heat exchange component 22.
  • the parallel switching valve 58 can control the on-off of the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b. When the parallel switching valve 58 is turned on, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b can be connected in parallel.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is disposed on one side of the battery, and the second heat exchange component 22 is disposed on the other side of the battery. Heat exchange is performed on different sides of the battery to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange component 21 is a first heat exchange plate
  • the second heat exchange component 22 is a second heat exchange plate
  • the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate are arranged on opposite sides of the battery.
  • the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate can cool or heat the opposite sides of the battery, which can improve the cooling or heating efficiency of the battery, so that the battery can quickly reach a suitable operating temperature and improve the working stability of the battery.
  • At least one of the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 includes multiple heat exchange components, and the multiple heat exchange components are connected in parallel.
  • the area of heat exchange with the battery can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery can be further improved.
  • a heat exchange component is disposed in an electrode heating region of the battery, and a heat exchange component is disposed in a non-electrode heating region of the battery.
  • the controller can control the heat exchange components disposed in the electrode heating area of the battery to cool greatly, and control the heat exchange components disposed in the non-electrode heating area of the battery to cool slightly, according to the temperature of the battery.
  • the controller can control the heat exchange components disposed in the electrode heating area of the battery to cool, and control the heat exchange components disposed in the non-electrode heating area of the battery to heat, according to the temperature of the battery.
  • thermal management system 100 An embodiment of a thermal management system 100 operating under different working conditions will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • Embodiment 1 is a working condition where only the passenger compartment is cooled.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the evaporator 140.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 connects the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 connects the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 blocks the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 block the pipeline
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 connects the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks the pipeline.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the third on-off valve 53, the fifth on-off valve 55, the external condenser 130, the fourth one-way valve 44, the third electronic expansion valve 63, the evaporator 140, the third one-way valve 43, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flowing back to the compressor 11.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third flow channel.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 only serves as a pipeline.
  • the working medium continues to flow to the external condenser 130, where it liquefies and releases heat.
  • the working medium flows to the evaporator 140 after throttling and reducing the pressure by the third electronic expansion valve 63, where it absorbs heat and vaporizes, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing cooling of the passenger compartment by the evaporator 140.
  • Embodiment 2 is a working condition in which only the battery is cooled, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work independently, wherein the first heat exchange component 21 works, and the second heat exchange component 22 does not work.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the first heat exchange component 21.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 connects the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 connects the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 connects the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 blocks the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 connects the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the second electronic expansion valve 62 blocks the pipeline
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks the pipeline.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 connects the pipeline
  • the switch valve 57 blocks the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the third on-off valve 53, the fifth on-off valve 55, the out-vehicle condenser 130, the fourth check valve 44, the second check valve 42 to the first branch, and flowing to the first branch
  • the working medium passes through the first electronic expansion valve 61, the second sensor 32, the first heat exchange component 21, the first sensor 31, the parallel switch valve 58, the second on-off valve 52, the fifth one-way valve 45 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flows back to the compressor 11.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third flow channel.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 only plays a pipeline role.
  • the working medium continues to flow to the external condenser 130, where it liquefies and releases heat. Subsequently, the working medium flows to the first heat exchange component 21 after throttling and reducing the pressure by the first electronic expansion valve 61.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the first heat exchange component 21, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium, which flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the first heat exchange plate cooling the battery.
  • Embodiment 3 is a working condition in which only the battery is cooled, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work in parallel.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the battery heat exchange module.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 connects the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 connects the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 connects the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 blocks the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 connect the pipeline to play a throttling role, the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline, and the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks the pipeline.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 connects the pipeline, and the switch valve 57 blocks the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working medium is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the third on-off valve 53, the fifth on-off valve 55, the out-vehicle condenser 130, the fourth one-way valve 44, the second one-way valve 42, and flowing to the first branch and the second branch.
  • the working medium flowing to the first branch passes through the first electronic expansion valve 61, the second sensor 32, the first heat exchange component 21, the first sensor 31, and the parallel switch valve 58.
  • the working medium flowing to the second branch passes through the second electronic expansion valve 62, the fourth sensor 34, the second heat exchange component 22, and the third sensor 33 and then flows out of the second branch. After mixing with the working medium flowing out of the first branch, it passes through the second on-off valve 52, the fifth one-way valve 45 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flows back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11 and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third flow channel.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 only serves as a pipeline.
  • the working medium continues to flow to the out-vehicle condenser 130, where it liquefies and releases heat. Subsequently, the working medium passes through the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 and then flows to the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 after throttling and reducing the pressure.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22, respectively, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium that flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the cooling of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 4 is a working condition in which only the battery is cooled, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work in series.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the out-vehicle condenser 130 and the battery heat exchange module.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 connects the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 connects the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 connects the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 blocks the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 connect the pipeline to play a throttling role, the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline, and the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks the pipeline.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 blocks the pipeline, and the switch valve 57 connects the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the third on-off valve 53, the fifth on-off valve 55, the outdoor condenser 130, the fourth one-way valve 44, the second one-way valve 42, the first electronic expansion valve 61, the second sensor 32, the first heat exchange component 21, the first sensor 31, the switch valve 57, the fourth sensor 34, the second heat exchange component 22, the third sensor 33, the second on-off valve 52, the fifth one-way valve 45 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flowing back to the compressor 11.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third flow channel.
  • the in-vehicle condenser 120 only serves as a pipeline.
  • the working medium continues to flow to the external condenser 130, where it liquefies and releases heat. Subsequently, the working medium flows to the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 after throttling and reducing the pressure by the first electronic expansion valve 61.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium, which flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the cooling of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 5 is a working condition for passenger compartment cooling and battery cooling. Embodiment 5 is actually the simultaneous operation of embodiment 1 and any one of embodiments 2 to 4.
  • the sixth embodiment is a working condition where only the passenger compartment is heated and the external environment is relatively high, and the external condenser 130 can absorb heat from the external environment.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the in-vehicle condenser 120 and the out-vehicle condenser 130.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 connects the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 connects the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 blocks the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 block the pipeline
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 connects the pipeline, which plays a throttling role.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the fourth electronic expansion valve 64, the fifth on-off valve 55, the out-of-vehicle condenser 130, the fourth one-way valve 44, the fourth on-off valve 54, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flowing back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third exhaust flow channel 10e, where the working medium liquefies and releases heat, and then flows to the out-vehicle condenser 130 after throttling and reducing the pressure by the fourth electronic expansion valve 64, where the working medium exchanges heat with the outside environment, absorbs heat and vaporizes, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium, and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11 along the bypass flow path 10f, thereby realizing heating of the passenger compartment by the in-vehicle condenser 120.
  • Embodiment 7 is a working condition in which only the passenger compartment is heated and the external environment is relatively low, so the external condenser 130 cannot absorb heat from the external environment.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11 and the in-vehicle condenser 120.
  • the first on-off valve 51 blocks the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 connects the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 blocks the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 connects the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 block the pipeline
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 connects the pipeline, which plays a throttling role.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the in-vehicle condenser 120, the fourth electronic expansion valve 64, the sixth on-off valve 56, the fourth on-off valve 54, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flowing back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the in-vehicle condenser 120 through the third exhaust flow channel 10e, where the working medium liquefies and releases heat, and then flows to the bypass flow path 10f after throttling and reducing the pressure by the fourth electronic expansion valve 64, and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the heating of the passenger compartment by the in-vehicle condenser 120.
  • Embodiment 8 is a working condition in which only the battery is heated when the ambient temperature is high, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work independently, wherein the first heat exchange component 21 works and the second heat exchange component 22 does not work.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the first heat exchange component 21 and the evaporator 140.
  • the first on-off valve 51 conducts the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 blocks the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 conducts the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 conducts the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the second electronic expansion valve 62 blocks the pipeline
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 conducts the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 conducts the pipeline
  • the switch valve 57 blocks the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, and the first on-off valve 51 to flow to the first branch, the working fluid flowing to the first branch passes through the first sensor 31, the first heat exchange component 21, the second sensor 32, and the first electronic expansion valve 61 to flow out of the first branch, passing through the first one-way valve 41, the sixth on-off valve 56, the third electronic expansion valve 63, the evaporator 140, the third one-way valve 43, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flows back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the battery heat exchange module through the second exhaust flow channel 10d.
  • the working medium liquefies and releases heat at the first heat exchange component 21, and then flows to the evaporator 140 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the third electronic expansion valve 63.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporator 140, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the heating of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 9 is a working condition in which only the battery is heated when the ambient temperature is high, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work in parallel.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the battery heat exchange module and the evaporator 140.
  • the first on-off valve 51 conducts the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 blocks the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 conducts the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 conduct the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 conducts the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 conducts the pipeline
  • the switch valve 57 blocks the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working medium is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, and the first on-off valve 51 to flow to the first branch and the second branch; the working medium flowing to the first branch passes through the first sensor 31, the first heat exchange component 21, the second sensor 32, and the first electronic expansion valve 61 to flow out of the first branch; the working medium flowing to the second branch passes through the parallel switch valve 58, the third sensor 33, the second heat exchange component 22, the fourth sensor 34, and the second electronic expansion valve 62 to flow out of the second branch, and after mixing with the working medium flowing out of the first branch, passes through the first one-way valve 41, the sixth on-off valve 56, the third electronic expansion valve 63, the evaporator 140, the third one-way valve 43, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flows back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the battery heat exchange module through the second exhaust flow channel 10d.
  • the working medium is liquefied and releases heat at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 respectively. Subsequently, the working medium flows to the evaporator 140 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the first electronic expansion valve 61, the second electronic expansion valve 62 and the third electronic expansion valve 63.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporator 140, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the heating of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 10 is a working condition in which only the battery is heated when the ambient temperature is high, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work in series.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the battery heat exchange module and the evaporator 140.
  • the first on-off valve 51 conducts the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 blocks the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 blocks the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 conducts the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 conduct the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 conducts the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 blocks the pipeline
  • the switch valve 57 conducts the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, the first on-off valve 51, the parallel switch valve 58, the third sensor 33, the second heat exchange component 22, the fourth sensor 34, the first sensor 31, the first heat exchange component 21, the second sensor 32, the first electronic expansion valve 61, the first one-way valve 41, the sixth on-off valve 56, the third electronic expansion valve 63, the evaporator 140, the third one-way valve 43, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flowing back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the battery heat exchange module through the second exhaust flow channel 10d.
  • the working medium liquefies and releases heat at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22, and then flows to the evaporator 140 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the third electronic expansion valve 63.
  • the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the evaporator 140, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the heating of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 11 is a working condition in which only the battery is heated when the ambient temperature is low, and the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 work in parallel.
  • the working fluid flows in the working fluid circuit formed by the compressor 11, the battery heat exchange module and the evaporator 140.
  • the first on-off valve 51 conducts the second exhaust flow channel 10d
  • the second on-off valve 52 blocks the first exhaust flow channel 10c
  • the third on-off valve 53 blocks the third flow channel
  • the fourth on-off valve 54 conducts the bypass flow channel 10f
  • the fifth on-off valve 55 blocks the pipeline
  • the sixth on-off valve 56 conducts the pipeline.
  • the first electronic expansion valve 61 and the second electronic expansion valve 62 conduct the pipeline to play a throttling role
  • the third electronic expansion valve 63 blocks the pipeline
  • the fourth electronic expansion valve 64 blocks it.
  • the parallel switch valve 58 conducts the pipeline
  • the switch valve 57 blocks the series branch 10g.
  • the circulation path of the working fluid is as follows: flowing out from the compressor 11, passing through the first pressure sensor 81, the first temperature sensor 82, and the first on-off valve 51 to flow to the first branch and the second branch; the working fluid flowing to the first branch passes through the first sensor 31, the first heat exchange component 21, the second sensor 32, and the first electronic expansion valve 61 to flow out of the first branch; the working fluid flowing to the second branch passes through the parallel switch valve 58, the third sensor 33, the second heat exchange component 22, the fourth sensor 34, and the second electronic expansion valve 62 to flow out of the second branch, and after mixing with the working fluid flowing out of the first branch, passes through the first one-way valve 41, the sixth on-off valve 56, the fourth on-off valve 54, the fifth sensor 35 and the gas-liquid separator 15, and finally flows back to the compressor 11.
  • a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium flows out from the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and flows to the battery heat exchange module through the second exhaust flow channel 10d.
  • the working medium is liquefied and releases heat at the first heat exchange component 21 and the second heat exchange component 22 respectively. Subsequently, the working medium flows to the compressor 11 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the first electronic expansion valve 61, the second electronic expansion valve 62 and the third electronic expansion valve 63. While the ambient temperature is low, the working medium naturally exchanges heat during the flow, and finally becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous working medium and flows into the air inlet of the compressor 11, thereby realizing the heating of the battery by the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate.
  • Embodiment 12 is a working condition in which the ambient temperature is high and the passenger compartment and the battery pack are heated at the same time. Embodiment 12 is actually the simultaneous operation of embodiment 6 and any one of embodiments 8 to 10.
  • the heat pipe system also includes a power thermal management subsystem 200
  • the power thermal management subsystem 200 includes a fourth heat exchanger 71 and a coolant circulation system
  • the fourth heat exchanger 71 includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel
  • the first flow channel is connected to the coolant circulation system
  • one end of the second flow channel is connected to at least one of the first main circuit 10a and the second main circuit 10b.
  • the thermal management system 100 also includes an air-conditioning circulation loop 101 and a heating branch.
  • One of the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b is connected to the second flow channel, and the other of the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b is connected in parallel with the heating branch.
  • the controller is used to control the heat exchange of at least one of the heating branch, the first trunk line 10a and the second trunk line 10b.
  • the coolant flows in the first flow channel, the working fluid flows in the second flow channel, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are located together in the fourth heat exchanger 71, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel can exchange heat with each other.
  • the working fluid flows through the fourth heat exchanger 71 to absorb heat; when the temperature of the coolant flowing in the second flow channel is lower than the working fluid flowing in the first flow channel, the working fluid flows through the fourth heat exchanger 71 to release heat.
  • the coolant circulation system can exchange the heat generated by the power thermal management subsystem 200 with the working fluid, thereby utilizing the heat generated by the power thermal management subsystem 200 to heat the working fluid, or to cool the working fluid, thereby assisting the battery heat exchange module in heat exchange of the battery.
  • a power thermal management subsystem 200 includes at least one of a high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 and an engine thermal management subsystem 202 .
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 can exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulation loop 101 , or the engine thermal management subsystem 202 can exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulation loop 101 , or both the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 and the engine thermal management subsystem 202 can exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulation loop 101 .
  • the heat pipe system also includes a high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 includes a fourth heat exchanger 71 and a coolant circulation system
  • the fourth heat exchanger 71 includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel
  • the first flow channel is connected to the coolant circulation system
  • one end of the second flow channel is selectively connected to the second end and the first heat exchanger 12
  • the other end of the second flow channel is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 71.
  • the high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 further includes: a charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 and a first radiator 73.
  • the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 performs heat exchange with the motor and electronic control of the vehicle, and the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 is connected between the coolant circulation system and the first radiator 73.
  • the first radiator 73 is suitable for performing heat exchange with the environment outside the vehicle.
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 further includes: a switching valve group 74, the switching valve group 74 is respectively connected to the two ends of the circulation loop, the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 and the first radiator 73, and the switching valve group 74 is operated to switch between different working conditions of the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201.
  • the switching valve group 74 is a three-way valve.
  • the switching valve group 74 can control the flow direction of the coolant, and can use the heat generated by the motor and electronic control of the vehicle to heat the working medium, or can dissipate the heat generated by the motor and electronic control of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle through the first radiator 73.
  • the high-pressure thermal management system 100 also includes a water pump 75, which is disposed between the charging/distributing motor assembly 72 and the fourth heat exchanger 71, and the water pump 75 is configured to pump coolant from the charging/distributing motor assembly 72 to the fourth heat exchanger 71.
  • the high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 has a first operating condition, in which the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 and the second flow channel form a first loop.
  • the coolant flowing out of the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 flows to the fourth heat exchanger 71 under the action of the water pump 75. After the coolant exchanges heat with the working fluid in the first flow channel in the second flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger 71, it flows back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 to exchange heat with the motor and electronic control of the vehicle.
  • the high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 can operate in the first working condition.
  • the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the charging and distributing/motor assembly 72 flows into the second flow channel, performs heat exchange with the low-temperature working medium flowing through the first flow channel, and transfers the heat generated by the motor and electronic control of the vehicle to the working medium circulation reflux.
  • the heat generated by the motor and electronic control of the vehicle is effectively utilized, which improves the heating capacity of the thermal management system 100 and reduces the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100.
  • the high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 also has a second working condition.
  • the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72, the first radiator 73 and the second flow channel form a second loop.
  • the coolant flowing out of the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 flows to the fourth heat exchanger 71 under the action of the water pump 75. After the coolant exchanges heat with the working fluid in the first flow channel in the second flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger 71, it flows to the first radiator 73. After the coolant exchanges heat in the first radiator 73, it flows back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 to exchange heat with the motor and electronic control of the vehicle.
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 can operate according to the second working condition.
  • the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the charging and distribution/motor assembly 72 flows into the second flow channel, exchanges heat with the low-temperature working fluid flowing through the first flow channel, and transfers the heat generated by the vehicle's motor and electronic control to the working fluid circulation reflux.
  • the temperature of the coolant is still high after one heat exchange, so the coolant flows to the first radiator 73, and exchanges heat with the outside environment for the second time to dissipate heat.
  • the heat generated by the vehicle's motor and electronic control is effectively utilized, which improves the heating capacity of the thermal management system 100 while reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100.
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 can also operate in the second working condition.
  • the coolant exchanges heat with the environment outside the vehicle in the first radiator 73 to increase the temperature of the coolant.
  • the coolant then flows through the circulation loop to the charging and distributing/motor assembly 72 and the fourth heat exchanger 71, and exchanges heat with the low-temperature working fluid flowing through the first flow channel, transferring the heat of the environment outside the vehicle to the working fluid circulation reflux and the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201.
  • the heat can be effectively utilized, which improves the heating capacity of the thermal management system 100 and reduces the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100.
  • the high-voltage thermal management subsystem 201 also includes a mixed working condition, in which the first circuit and the second circuit circulate simultaneously.
  • the coolant flowing out of the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 flows to the third heat exchanger 14 under the action of the water pump 75. After the coolant exchanges heat with the working medium in the first flow channel in the second flow channel of the third heat exchanger 14, part of it flows directly back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 to exchange heat with the motor and electronic control of the vehicle, and the other part flows to the first radiator 73. After the coolant exchanges heat in the first radiator 73, it flows back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 to exchange heat with the motor and electronic control of the vehicle.
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 can operate in a mixed working condition.
  • the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72 flows into the second flow channel, exchanges heat with the low-temperature working medium flowing through the first flow channel, and transfers the heat generated by the vehicle's motor and electronic control to the working medium circulation reflux.
  • Part of the coolant that has undergone heat exchange flows back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72, and the other part of the coolant flows back to the charging and distributing power/motor assembly 72.
  • the liquid then flows to the first radiator 73, and performs a second heat exchange with the environment outside the vehicle to dissipate heat.
  • the heat generated by the motor and electronic control of the vehicle is effectively utilized, which improves the heating capacity of the thermal management system 100 and reduces the energy consumption of the thermal management system 100.
  • the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 has a first working condition, a second working condition and a mixed working condition, and the coolant in the first working condition, the second working condition and the mixed working condition circulating backflow heats the working medium in the working medium circulating backflow. Therefore, the thermal management system 100 can work under different working conditions and can also cooperate with the different working conditions of the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201 to work.
  • the passenger compartment when only the passenger compartment is heated, it can cooperate with the first operating condition, the second operating condition and the mixed operating condition of the high-pressure thermal management subsystem 201.
  • the heat pipe system also includes an engine thermal management subsystem 202, which includes a fifth heat exchanger 76 and a coolant circulation system, and the fifth heat exchanger 76 includes a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel, the third flow channel is connected to the coolant circulation system, one end of the fourth flow channel is selectively connected to the second end b and the first heat exchanger 124, and the other end of the fourth flow channel is connected to the third heat exchanger 1433.
  • an engine thermal management subsystem 202 which includes a fifth heat exchanger 76 and a coolant circulation system
  • the fifth heat exchanger 76 includes a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel
  • the third flow channel is connected to the coolant circulation system
  • one end of the fourth flow channel is selectively connected to the second end b and the first heat exchanger 124
  • the other end of the fourth flow channel is connected to the third heat exchanger 1433.
  • the engine thermal management subsystem 202 further includes: an engine assembly 77 and a second radiator 78, the engine assembly 77 performs heat exchange with the engine of the vehicle, and the engine assembly 77 is connected between the coolant circulation system and the second radiator 78.
  • the second radiator 78 is suitable for performing heat exchange with the environment outside the vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1000 includes any one of the thermal management systems 100 described above.
  • the vehicle 1000 of the embodiment of the present application by providing the above-mentioned thermal management system 100, the number of times of repair and replacement of batteries can be reduced, the charging efficiency and convenience of the vehicle can be improved, and at the same time, it is easy to realize the rational layout of the vehicle.

Abstract

一种控制方法及车辆。控制方法包括:获取换热信号;控制热管理系统中的第一干路和热管理系统中的第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行热交换,第一干路用于与电池的第一区域热交换,第二干路用于与电池的第二区域热交换,第一区域和第二区域不同。

Description

控制方法及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为:2022112049102,申请日为2022年09月29日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆领域,尤其是涉及一种控制方法及车辆。
背景技术
现有的整车热管理的热泵系统架构中,热管理系统功能单一,对电池模组的换热常常不能符合电池温度,能量损耗较大,热管理系统工作效率低。
申请内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本申请提出一种控制方法,以不同的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池进行换热。
根据本申请实施例的控制方法,适用于热管理系统,所述控制方法包括:获取换热信号;控制所述热管理系统中的第一干路和所述热管理系统中的第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行热交换,所述第一干路用于与电池的第一区域热交换,所述第二干路用于与所述电池的第二区域热交换,所述第一区域和所述第二区域不同。
根据本申请实施例的热管理系统的控制方法,通过控制使得第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池换热,电池换热模组以不同的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池进行换热。例如可以根据电池的温度,使得电池换热模组以合适的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池换热,可降低热管理系统的能耗,提升热管理系统的功能性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一区域和所述第二区域的其中的一者的温度高于另一者的温度;或者所述第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述第一区域为电池的电极区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第一条件时,控制所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却;所述第一条件包括:电池温度≥第一温度阈值、充电功率≥第一功率阈值、放电功率≥第二功率阈值、充电电压≥第一电压阈值、放电电压≥第二电压阈值、充电电流≥第一电流阈值、放电电流≥第二电流阈值、用户冷却指令中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第二条件时,控制所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热;所述第二条件包括:电池温度≤第二温度阈值、放电功率≤第三功率阈值、放电电压≤第三电压阈值、放电电流≤第三电流阈值、电池自加热结束、用户加热指令中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一换热单元和所述第二换热单元的换热参数不同;第一换热单元适于与所述第一区域热交换且设置于所述第一干路,第二换热单元适于与所述第二区域热交换且所述设置于所述第二干路。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述换热参数不同包括:换热量不同,或者换热效率不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一干路的流量与所述第二干路的流量不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一干路的压力和所述第二干路的压力不同以使得所述流量不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述控制方法还包括:当满足第三条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第三条件包括:第一区域的温升速率VH≥第一速率阈值,或所述第一区域的温度温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率差值V0≥第一温升阈值,或所述第一区域的温度TH与所述第二区域的温度TL的差值T0≥第三温度阈值,T0=TH-TL
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一区域的温度TH为电池的最高温度,所述第二区域的温度TL为电池的最低温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述控制方法还包括:当满足第四条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一者对所述电池冷却,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第四条件包括:电池温度≥第四温度阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第四条件包括:电池充电功率≥第一阈值,电池放电功率≥第二阈值、电机功率≥第三阈值中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第四条件包括:充电电压≥第三电压阈值、放电电压≥第四电压阈值中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第四条件包括:充电电流≥第四电流阈值、放电电流≥第五电流阈值中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第四条件包括电池自加热结束、用户输入的分区冷却指令中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述控制方法还包括:当满足第五条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一者对所述电池加热,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第五条件包括:电池温度≤第五温度阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第五条件包括:电池充电功率≤第四阈值、电池放电功率≤第五阈值中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第五条件包括:放电电压≤第五电压阈值、放电电流≤第六电流阈值中的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第五条件包括:充电电压≤第六电压阈值、充电电流≤第七电流阈值、用户输入的分区加热指令的至少一者。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第一区域优先冷却;其中所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第六条件时,对所述第一区域优先冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第六条件包括:所述第一区域的温度与所述第二区域的温度的差值≥第一温差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值,或者所述第一区域的温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第一速差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:所述第一干路的换热介质的流量大于所述第二干路的换热介质的流量。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第一干路的换热介质的流量与所述第二干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第一流量阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度低于所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:所述第一干路的出口端的压力小于所述第二干路的出口端的压力。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第二区域优先加热;所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第七条件时,对所述第二区域优先加热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第七条件包括:所述第一区域的温度与所述第二区域的温度的差值≥第二温差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度阈值,或者所述第一区域的温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第二速差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制对所述第二区域优先加热包括:所述第二干路的换热介质的流量大于所述第一干路的换热介质的流量。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第二干路的换热介质的流量与所述第一干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第二流量阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制对所述第二区域优先加热包括:所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度高于所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度与所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度的差值≥第六阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对所述第二区域优先加热包括:所述第二干路的出口端的压力大于所述第一干路的出口端的压力。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第八条件时,停止对第一区域优先冷却,和/或停止对第二区域优先加热;所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中,所述第八条件包括:所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温差小于第七阈值;或所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温升速率相同;或所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温升速率的差值小于第八阈值。
根据本申请实施例的车辆,执行根据本申请上述实施例所述的热管理系统的控制方法。
根据本申请实施例的车辆,通过控制使得第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池换热,电池换热模组以不同的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池进行换热。例如可以根据电池的温度,使得电池换热模组以合适的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池换热,可降低热管理系统的能耗,提升热管理系统的功能性。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1是根据本申请实施例的热管理系统的结构示意图;
图2是根据本申请实施例的热管理系统和动力热管理子系统的结构示意图;
图3是根据本申请的电芯的第一实施方式的示意图;
图4是根据本申请的电芯的第二实施方式的示意图;
图5是根据本申请的电池包的第一实施方式示意图;
图6是根据本申请的电池包的第二实施方式示意图;
图7是根据本申请实施例的热管理系统的结构示意图;
图8是根据本申请一些实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记:
车辆1000、
热管理系统100、动力热管理子系统200、高压热管理子系统201、发动机热管理子系统202、电池300、电芯301、非电极发热温度区域301a、电极发热温度区域301b、
空调循环回路101、冷却液循环系统102、
第一干路10a、第二干路10b、第一排气流道10c、第二排气流道10d、第三排气流道10e、旁通流路10f、串联支路10g、
压缩机11、第一换热器12、车内冷凝器120、第二换热器13、车外冷凝器130、第三换热器14、蒸发器140、气液分离器15、
第一换热组件21、第二换热组件22、
第一传感器31、第二传感器32、第三传感器33、第四传感器34、第五传感器35、
第一单向阀41、第二单向阀42、第三单向阀43、第四单向阀44、第五单向阀45、
第一通断阀51、第二通断阀52、第三通断阀53、第四通断阀54、第五通断阀55、第六通断阀56、串联开关阀57、并联开关阀58
第一电子膨胀阀61、第二电子膨胀阀62、第三电子膨胀阀63、第四电子膨胀阀64、第五电子膨胀阀65、第六电子膨胀阀66、
第四换热器71、充配电/电机总成72、第一散热器73、切换阀组74、水泵75、第五换热器76、发动机总成77、第二散热器78、
第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本申请,而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1、图2和图7描述根据本申请实施例的控制方法,该控制方法适用于热管理系统,其中热管理系统包括电池换热模组,电池换热模块包括第一干路10a和第二干路10b。
根据本申请实施例的控制方法,包括控制步骤:
获取换热信号。具体地,换热信号可以是用户发出的冷却/加热指令,或者是检测模块检测到的换热信号,例如检测到电池的最高温度高于第一设定温度则发出换热信号以进行冷却,或者是检测到电池的最低温度低于第二设定温度则发出换热信号以进行加热,当然可以理解的是,上述仅仅是示例性描述。
响应于上述换热信号,控制热管理系统中的第一干路和热管理系统中的第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行热交换,第一干路用于与电池的第一区域热交换,第二干路用于与电池的第二区域热交换,第一区域和第二区域不同。
需要进行说明的是,第一区域和第二区域不同指的是第一干路10a和第二干路10b放置于电池300的不同位置,从而可以利用第一干路和第二干路对电池300的不同位置进行换热。还需要进行说明的是,本申请描述的干路指的是用于流通换热介质的流路,干路可以是汇总管路,也可以是从汇总管路分流出来的分流支路等。
其中控制第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个与电池300换热,指的是第一干路10a和第二干路10b可以独立换热,可以是控制第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的其中一个与电池300换热,也可以是控制第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时与电池300进行换热。
当电池需要很大的换热量时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热,当电池需要的换热量较小时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个换热。
根据本申请实施例的热管理系统的控制方法,通过控制使得第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个与电池300换热,电池换热模组以不同的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池进行换热。例如可以根据电池的温度,使得电池换热模组以合适的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池换热,可降低热管理系统100的能耗,提升热管理系统100的功能性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域和第二区域的其中的一者的温度高于另一者的温度,即第一区域和第二区域的温度不同。需要进行说明的是,温度不同指的是电池在工作状态下第一区域和第二区域的温度不同,电池的工作状态包括充电和放电等。温度不同可以包括:第一区域的平均温度与第二区域的平均温度不同;或者是第一区域的最高温度与第二区域的最高温度不同;又或者是第一区域的最低温度与第二区域的最低温度不同。又或者是在同一检测时间点,第一区域的至少一部分的温度与第二区域的至少一部分的温度不同即可。在本申请的一些具体示例中,第一区域包括电池300的电极发热温度区域,第二区域包括电池300的非电极发热温度区域。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的平均温度T1和第二区域的平均温度T2不同,换言之,第一区域的平均温度为T1,第二区域的平均温度为T2,T1与T2不同。第一区域的平均温度和第二区域的平均温度的差值大于第一温度差值,第一温度差值用于表征第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性。例如以刀片磷酸铁锂电池为例,第一区域的平均温度T1与第二区域的温度平均T2的差值为△T1,当△T1<5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性好;当△T1>5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性差。
从而可以根据区域的平均温度对电池进行分区加热和冷却,提高电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的最高温度与第二区域的最高温度不同,第一区域的最高温度和第二区域的最高差值大于第二温度差值,第二温度差值用于表征第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性。例如以刀片磷酸铁锂电池为例,第一区域的最高温度T3与第二区域的最高温度T4的差值△T2,当△T2<5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性好;当△T2>5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性差。从而可以根据电池的不同区域的最高温度对电池进行分区冷却,提高电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的最低温度与第二区域的最低温度不同,且第一区域的最低温度和第二区域的最低温度的差值大于第三温度差值,第三温度差值用于表征第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均 一性。例如以刀片磷酸铁锂电池为例,第一区域的最高温度T5与第二区域的最高温度T6的差值△T3,当△T3<5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性好;当△T3>5℃时,可认为第一区域和第二区域的电池的充放电性能的均一性差。
从而可以根据电池的不同区域的最低温度对电池进行分区加热,从而可以提高电池的均温性。
需要进行解释的是,△T1、△T2和△T3可以相同,也可以不同,具体根据电池参数设置,其中电池参数可以包括:电池容量、电池的形状(圆柱、方形、长刀片、短刀片等)、电池的材料(磷酸铁锂电池、锂电池等)、电池的形态(液态电池、固态电池、半固态电池等)。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率,即第一区域的温升速率和第二区域的温升速率不同,需要进行说明的是,温升速率不同指的在电池在工作状态下第一区域的温升速率和第二区域的温升速率不同,电池的工作状态包括充电和放电等。从而可以利用第一干路10a和第二干路10b,实现对第一区域和第二区域的独立热交换,实现分区控温度控制。
例如当第一区域的温升速率大于第二区域的温升速率,或者第一区域的温度大于第二区域的温度时,可以通过使得第一干路10a的换热量与第二干路10b的换热量的不同,例如在冷却时使得第一干路10a中的换热介质的温度低于第二干路10b中的换热介质的温度,从而使得第一区域的降温速度更快,从而实现电池300的均温性。
通常情况下,电池300在工作时,电极会产生大量的热量,使电极附近的区域的温度高压远电极区域的温度,在本申请的一些示例中,第一区域包括电极发热温度区域,第二区域包括电池300的非电极发热温度区域。从而可以进一步提高电池的均温性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,当满足第一条件时,控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却。其中第一条件包括:电池温度≥第一温度阈值、充电功率≥第一功率阈值、放电功率≥第二功率阈值、充电电压≥第一电压阈值、放电电压≥第二电压阈值、充电电流≥第一电流阈值、放电电流≥第二电流阈值、用户冷却指令中的至少一者。需要进行说明的是,当满足如下至少一个条件:充电功率≥第一功率阈值、放电功率≥第二功率阈值、充电电压≥第一电压阈值、放电电压≥第二电压阈值、充电电流≥第一电流阈值、放电电流≥第二电流阈值,则表示电池的温度较高,此时需要对电池进行冷却,因此可以根据实际情况控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个对电池冷却。其中电池温度≥第一温度阈值中的电池温度可以是电池的平均温度或者是电池的最高温度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定电池的最高温度≥38℃时,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却。当判定电池的最高温度≤34℃,则退出冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域为电池的电极区域,第二区域为电池的非电极区域,当满足如下至少一个条件:充电功率≥第一功率阈值、放电功率≥第二功率阈值、充电电压≥第一电压阈值、放电电压≥第二电压阈值、充电电流≥第一电流阈值、放电电流≥第二电流阈值,则表示电极的产热量较大,使得第一区域的温度会较高,因此至少控制第一干路对第一区域进行冷却。
需要进行说明的是,第一温度阈值、第一功率阈值、第二功率阈值、第一电压阈值、第二电压阈值、第一电流阈值、第二电流阈值可以根据实际情况进行设置,例如具体根据电池参数设置,其中电池参数可以包括:电池容量、电池的形状(圆柱、方形、长刀片、短刀片等)、电池的材料(磷酸铁锂电池、锂电池等)、电池的形态(液态电池、固态电池、半固态电池等)。
根据本申请的一些实施例,当满足第二条件时,控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热。第二条件包括:电池温度≤第二温度阈值、放电功率≤第三功率阈值、放电电压≤第三电压阈值、放电电流≤第三电流阈值、电池自加热结束、用户加热指令中的至少一者。其中电池温度≤第二温度阈值中的电池温度可以是电池的平均温度或者是电池的最低温度。
需要进行说明的是,环境温度会影响电池的放电功率和放电电压,当满足如下至少一个条件:放电功率≤第三功率阈值、放电电压≤第三电压阈值、放电电流≤第三电流阈值,则表示存在因为环境温度导致电池温度过低仅而导致放电功率、放电电压和放电电流较小的情况,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个对电池进行加热。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当电池的最低温度≤10℃,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热。当电池的最低温度≥12℃,则退出加热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,其中换热参数不同包括换热介质的流量不同、换热介质的温度不同等情况,通过使得第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,可以实现对第一区域和第二区域的分区控换热,例如当第一区域的换热需求大于第二区域的换热需求时,控制第一干路优先对第一区域进行换热,使得第一区域更快降温或者升温,提升电池的均温性。
进一步地,换热参数不同包括:换热量不同,或者换热效率不同。
其中,换热量是指单位时间内第一干路/第二干枯散发到空气中的热量,换热效率=(换热量÷时间)/(换热介质流量×温度差),换热量÷时间是指一定时间内第一干路/第二干路中的换热介质的总热量,流量是指第一干路/第二干路中的流体的流量,温度差是指第一干路的入口端和出口端之间的温度差/第二干路的入口端和出口端之间的温度差,因此通过控制换热介质流量、控制换热介质温度差、可以使第一干路和第二干路的换热效率不同,而更高的换热效率、更大的换热量可以增强该区域的冷却/加热效果,而通过使第一干路与第二干路分别对应第一区域和第二区域设置,而第一区域和第二区域可以为发热量不同区域或温升速率不同的区域,以实现分区散热,发热量大、温升速率高区域(第一区域)设置大换热效率第一干路,发热量小、温升速度低的区域(第二区域)设置小换热效率的第一干路,以兼顾能耗和电池均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一换热单元和第二换热单元的换热参数不同;第一换热单元适于与所述第一区域热交换且设置于第一干路,第二换热单元适于与第二区域热交换且设置于第二干路。
其中第一换热单元和第二换热单元可以为换热器或者蜿蜒延伸的换热管等换热件,从而通过设置第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22,便于与电池300进行热交换。
通常情况下,电池300在工作时,电极会产生大量的热量,使电极附近的区域的温度高压远电极区域的温度,在本申请的一些示例中,第一区域包括电极发热温度区域,第二区域包括电池300的非电极发热温度区域。从而可以进一步提高电池的均温性。
进一步地,在电池的一侧或者两侧,电极发热温度区域301b均对应设置第一换热单元21,第二换热单元22设置于电池的非电极发热温度区域301a。
在本申请的一些示例中,第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22位于电池300的同一侧,可以根据电池各处的温度,选择第一换热单元21和第一换热单元22中的至少一个换热,实现电池同侧不同区域的温度控制,提升电池的均温性,提升电池性能。当然可以理解的是,第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22还可以设于电池300的不同侧,相比于位于电池的同侧,设置在电池的不同侧,对电池的不同加热,可以进一步提升电池的均温性,提升电池性能。
第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22可以是与电池的电芯接触,直接对电芯换热,例如第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22可以是电池的上盖,第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22可以是电池下盖。
第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22可以是与电池包接触,从而对间接对电芯换热。
第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22可以是同一个换热板上的不同管路对应的区域,也就是说第一换热单元21中的管路和第二换热单元22中的管路可以位于同一换热板。
第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22也可以是分开的组件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路的流量与第二干路的流量不同。从而使得第一干路和第二干路的换热量不同,例如当需要对第一区域进行优先冷却时,可以使得第一干路中的流量大于第二干路中的流量。或者当需要对第一区域进行优先加热时,可以使得第二干路中的流量大于第一干路中的流量。需要进行说明的是,第一干路中换热介质可以冷媒或者是水。第二干路中换热介质可以冷媒或者是水。在本申请的一些示例中,第一换热单元和第二换热单元的流量不同,从而便于对电池进行分区控控制,提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路的压力和第二干路的压力不同以使得流量不同。具体而言,可以使得第一干路和第二干路的长度不同使得第一干路和第二干路的压力不同。或者使得流入到第一干路中的换热介质的压力和第二干路中的换热介质的压力不同使得流量不同,从而实现分区控控制。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制方法还包括:当满足第三条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。也就是说,当需要满足第三条件,才控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,从而实现分区控控制。当未满足第三条件时,可以控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数相同,或者是控制第一干路和第二干路均不工作。从而可以在满足条件时才实现分区控,可以降低能耗。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号和第三条件为不同的信号,当获取到换热信号且未满足第三条件时,先控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行热交换,当满足第三条件时,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的换热参数不同,例如可以控制第一干路和第二干路的流量不同。在本申请的一些示例中,当获取到换热信号对电池进行冷却时,控制第一干路和第二干路的流量相同,当获取到满足第三条件时,则控制第一干路的流量和第二干路的流量不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号包括判定是否满足第三条件,则当获取到满足第三条件即为判定获取到换热信号,则直接控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,即获取换热信号时,则直接控制热管理系统进入到分区控模式。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第三条件包括:第一区域的温升速率VH≥第一速率阈值,也就是说,此时判定第一区域的升温较高,则使得第一区域和第二区域之间存在温度差,则控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,从而实现分区控控制,提升电池均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第三条件包括:第一区域的温度温升速率与第二区域的温升速率差值V0≥第一温升阈值,也就是说,此时第一区域和第二区域的温升速率不同,第一区域和第二区域之间存在温度差,则控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,从而实现分区控控制,提升电池均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第三条件包括:第一区域的温度TH与第二区域的温度TL的差值T0≥第三温度阈值,T0=TH-TL。也就是说,此时第一区域和第二区域之间存在温度差,则控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,从而实现分区控控制,提升电池均温性。
需要进行说明的是,第一速率阈值、第二温升阈值、第三温度阈值可以根据实际情况进行设置,例如具体根据电池参数设置,其中电池参数可以包括:电池容量、电池的形状(圆柱、方形、长刀片、短刀片等)、电池的材料(磷酸铁锂电池、锂电池等)、电池的形态(液态电池、固态电池、半固态电池等)。又例如可以根据充放电状态进行设定。在本发明的一些实施例中,第一区域的温升速率≥2.5℃/min,第二区域的温度速率<2.5℃/min或第二区域的温度速率<1.5℃/min或,则表示第一区域和第二区域的温升速率不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度TH为电池的最高温度,第二区域的温度TL为电池的最低温度。从而根据最高温度和最低温度的差值可以明显判定第一区域和第二区域之间是否存在温度差,以判定是否需要进行分区控控制。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制方法还包括:当满足第四条件时,第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。也就是说,当判定满足第四条件时,则可以控制第一干路和第二干路均对电池进行冷却,可以控制第一干路和第二干路中的流量和/或换热介质温度不同,以控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。当判定满足第四条件时,还可以控制第一干路和第二干路中的其中一个工作对电池冷却、另一个不工作。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号可以包括判定是否满足第四条件,因此在判定满足第四条件时,则可以认定为接收到换热信号,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号和第四条件为不同的信号,当获取到换热信号且未满足第四条件时,先 控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却,当满足第四条件时,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的换热参数不同,例如可以控制第一干路和第二干路的流量不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四条件包括:电池温度≥第四温度阈值。具体而言,当判定电池温度大于第四温度阈值,则表示电池的温度较高,需要对电池进行降温,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。其中电池温度≥第四温度阈值中的电池温度可以为电池的最高温度或者电池的平均温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四温度阈值>第一温度阈值,即在判定满足电池温度≥第四温度阈值,先控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却,使得第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同,从而实现分区控控制,例如可以使得流量大的第一干路与温度较高的第一区域换热,从而提高对第一区域的降温效果,提升电池的均温性。当判定电池的温度降低至≥第一温度阈值,则退出分区控,则控制第一干路和第二干路的至少一个电池进行冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四条件包括:电池充电功率≥第一阈值,电池放电功率≥第二阈值、电机功率≥第三阈值中的至少一者。可以理解的是,当满足上述至少一者是,则表示电池尤其是电极处的发热较大,需要进行降温,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。
具体地,第一阈值和第一功率阈值可以相同也可以不同,第二阈值与第二功率阈值可以相同也可以不同。当第一阈值和第一功率阈值相同、第二阈值与第二功率阈值可以相同时,则可以根据电池温度判定是满足第一条件或第四条件,例如当电池温度≥第四温度阈值则判定是满足第四条件。又例如可以判定第一区域和第二区域的温度差以判定满足第一条件或第四条件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四条件包括:充电电压≥第三电压阈值、放电电压≥第三电压阈值中的至少一者。可以理解的是,当满足上述至少一者是,则表示电池尤其是电极处的发热较大,需要进行降温,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。
具体地,第一电压阈值和第三电压阈值可以相同也可以不同,第二电压阈值和第四电压阈值可以相同也可以不同。当第一电压阈值和第三电压阈值相同、第二电压阈值和第四电压阈值相同时,则可以根据电池温度判定是满足第一条件或第四条件,例如当电池温度≥第四温度阈值则判定是满足第四条件。又例如可以判定第一区域和第二区域的温度差以判定满足第一条件或第四条件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四条件包括:充电电流≥第四电流阈值、放电电流≥第五电流阈值中的至少一者。也就是说,当满足上述至少一者是,则表示电池尤其是电极处的发热较大,需要进行降温,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池冷却,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。
具体地,第一电流阈值和第四电流阈值可以相同也可以不同,第二电流阈值和第五电流阈值可以相同也可以不同。当第一电流阈值和第四电流阈值相同、第二电流阈值和第五电流阈值相同时,则可以根据电池温度判定是满足第一条件或第四条件,例如当电池温度≥第四温度阈值则判定是满足第四条件。又例如可以判定第一区域和第二区域的温度差以判定满足第一条件或第四条件。
在申请的一些实施例中,第一阈值为100KW,也就是说,充电功率≥100kw时,则表示此时处于大功率充电模式,比如说快充或者超冲模式,此时电池的发热量较大,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第三电压阈值的取值为500V,或第四电流阈值的取值为200A/250A,则表示处于大功率充电模式,比如说快充或者超冲模式,此时电池的发热量较大,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一阈值的取值范围为20-180kW,第三电压阈值的取值范围200V-750V,第四电流阈值的取值范围为20A-250A。在本申请的一些示例中,上述数值可以取值于快充充电直流桩。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一阈值的取值范围为250-600kW,第三电压阈值的200V-1000V、第四电流阈值的取值范围600A及以上。在本申请的一些具体示例中,上述数值可以取值于超充大功率直流桩。在申请的一些示例中,第一阈值、第三电压阈值、第四电流阈值可以从如下组合范围内取值:350kW(1000V-500A)、350kW(1000V-500A)、250kW(500V-631A)、100kW(500V-200A)、180kW(1000V-250A),此时判定第一阈值、第三电压阈值、第四电流阈值中的至少一个先满足条件时,则判定满足第四条件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一阈值最大值为100kw,第三电压阈值为600V,第四电流阈值的取值为170A。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一阈值最大值为430kw,第三电压阈值为800V、第四电流阈值的取值为550A。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第四条件包括电池自加热结束、用户输入的分区冷却指令中的至少一者。也就是说,可以是通过用户直接判断是否需要进入分区冷却,无需检测温度参数等,可以节约能耗。进一步地,用户可以通过手机APP、行车电脑等终端输入分区冷却指令。当电池自加热结束后,由于电极处发热较大,因此会存在第一区域和第二区域存在温差的情况,从而控制进入分区冷却,提升电池均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,电池自加热指的是利用充电桩的电能为电池加热,同时加热方式为通过电池快速大功率的充放电实现的内部发热,加热速度快,加热效率高,可以实现在电池输出电能的同时通过充电桩补充电能。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制方法还包括:当满足第五条件时,第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池加热,第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。也就是说,当判定满足第五条件时,则可以控制第一干路和第二干路均对电池进行加热,可以控制第一干路和第二干路中的流量和/或换热介质温度不同,以控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。当判定满足第五条件时,还可以控制第一干路和第二干路中的其中一个工作对电池加热、另一个不工作。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号可以包括判定是否满足第五条件,因此在判定满足第五条件时,则可以认定为接收到换热信号,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池加热,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数 不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热信号和第五条件为不同的信号,当获取到换热信号且未满足第五条件时,先控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热,当满足第五条件时,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的换热参数不同,例如可以控制第一干路和第二干路的流量不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第五条件包括:电池温度≤第五温度阈值。具体而言,当判定电池温度≤第五温度阈值,则表示电池的温度较低,需要对电池进行加热,则控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一者对电池加热,第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。其中电池温度≤第五温度阈值中的电池温度可以为电池的最低温度或者电池的平均温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第五温度阈值<第二温度阈值,即在判定满足电池温度≤第五温度阈值,则进入分区控控制,先控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热,且使得第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同例如可以使得流量大的第二干路与温度较低的第二区域换热,从而提高对第二区域的降温效果,提升电池的均温性。当电池升温至判定电池的温度≤第二温度阈值,则退出分区控控制,控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第五条件包括:电池充电功率≤第四阈值、电池放电功率≤第五阈值中的至少一者。可以理解的是,电池的温度会影响电池的充放电功率,当判定电池充电功率≤第四阈值、电池放电功率≤第五阈值中的至少一者,则表示电池的温度过低,使得充电功率或者放电功率无法上升到设定需求,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个对电池加热,并控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。从而提高电池的温度。
进一步地,第五阈值和第三功率阈值可以相同也可以不同,当第五阈值与第三功率阈值相同时,则可以根据电池温度判定是满足第二条件或第五条件,例如当电池温度≤第五温度阈值则判定是满足第五条件。又例如可以判定第一区域和第二区域的温度差以判定满足第二条件或第五条件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第五条件包括:放电电压≤第五电压阈值、放电电流≤第六电流阈值中的至少一者。可以理解的是,电池的温度会影响电池的放电电压和放电电流,当判定放电电压≤第五电压阈值、放电电流≤第六电流阈值中的至少一者的至少一者,则表示电池的温度过低,使得放电电压和放电电流无法上升到设定需求,此时控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个对电池加热,并控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。从而提高电池的温度。
其中第五电压阈值和第三电压阈值可以相同也可以不同,第六电流阈值和第三电流阈值可以相同也可以不同。当第五电压阈值和第三电压阈值相同、第六电流阈值和第三电流阈值相同时,则可以根据电池温度判定是满足第二条件或第五条件,例如当电池温度≤第五温度阈值则判定是满足第五条件。又例如可以判定第一区域和第二区域的温度差以判定满足第二条件或第五条件。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第五条件包括:充电电压≤第六电压阈值、充电电流≤第七电流阈值、用户输入的分区加热指令的至少一者。具体而言,当判定充电电压≤第六电压阈值、充电电流≤第七电流阈值,则表示电池温度较低而使得充电电压和充电电流无法上升到设定需求,此时控制对控制第一干路和第二干路中的至少一个对电池加热,并控制第一干路和第二干路的换热参数不同。从而提高电池的温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第一区域优先冷却;其中电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。具体而言,第一区域的温度较高,从而需要对第一区域进行优先冷却,使得第一区域的冷却速度高于第二区域的冷却速度,从而可以提升电池的均温性。进一步地,优先冷却可以指的是利用更大的换热介质流量对第一区域进行冷却,或者是利用更低的换热介质温度对第一区域进行冷却。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第六条件时,对所述第一区域优先冷却。也就说,需要判定是否满足第六条件,从判定是否对第一区域进行优先冷却,避免造成能源浪费。
进一步地,第六条件包括:第一区域的温度与第二区域的温度的差值≥第一温差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值,或者第一区域的温升速率与第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第一速差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第一区域优先冷却包括:第一干路的换热介质的流量大于第二干路的换热介质的流量。从而可以利用更多的换热介质的流量对第一区域进行冷却,提高第一区域的降温速度,提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路的换热介质的流量与第二干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第一流量阈值。从而可以保证分流至第一干路上的换热介质的流量,保证对第一区域的优先冷却效果,进一步提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第一区域优先冷却包括:第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度低于第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。从而可以利用更低的换热介质对第一区域进行优先冷却,保证对第一区域的优先冷却效果,进一步提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第一区域优先冷却包括:第一干路的出口端的压力小于第二干路的出口端的压力。从而可以使得第一干路中的流阻小于第二干路中的流量,使得分流至第一干路中的换热介质的流量更多,从而保证对第一区域的优先冷却效果,进一步提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第二区域优先加热;电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。也就是说,此时第二区域的温度较低,因此对第二区域优先加热,从而可以使得当第二区域的加热速度高于第一区域的加热速度,从而可以提升电池的均温性。进一步地,在本申请中的优先加热可以指的是利用更大的换热介质流量对第二区域进行加热,或者是利用更高的换热介质温度对第二区域进行加热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第七条件时,对第二区域优先加热。也就说,需要判定是否满足第七条件,从判定是否对第二区域进行优先加热,避免造成能源浪费。
进一步地,第七条件包括:第一区域的温度与第二区域的温度的差值≥第二温差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度 阈值,或者第一区域的温升速率与第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第二速差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度阈值。
进一步地,第二温差阈值和第三温度阈值可以相同也可以不同。第二速差阈值和第一温升阈值可以相同也可以不同。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制对第二区域优先加热包括:第二干路的换热介质的流量大于第一干路的换热介质的流量。从而利用较多的换热介质对第二区域进行加热,提高对第二区域的加热速度,提升电池的均温性。
进一步地,第二干路的换热介质的流量与第一干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第二流量阈值。从而可以保证分流至第二干路的换热介质的流量较多,可以保证利用较多的换热介质对第二区域进行加热,提高对第二区域的加热速度,提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制对第二区域优先加热包括:第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度高于第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。从而利用更高温度的换热介质对第二区域进行加热,提高对第二区域的加热速度,提升电池的均温性。
进一步地,第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度与第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度的差值≥第六阈值。从而可以保证第二干路中的换热介质的温度较高,可以利用更高温度的换热介质对第二区域进行加热,提高对第二区域的加热速度,提升电池的均温性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,对第二区域优先加热包括:第二干路的出口端的压力大于第一干路的出口端的压力。从而可以延长换热介质在第二干路中的流动时间,提高加热效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当满足第八条件时,停止对第一区域优先冷却,和/或停止对第二区域优先加热;电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。从而降低系统能耗。
进一步地,第八条件包括:第一区域和第二区域的温差小于第七阈值;或
第一区域和第二区域的温升速率相同;或
第一区域和第二区域的温升速率的差值小于第八阈值。也就是说,当判定满足第八条件中的其中一个时,则表示第一区域和第二区域之间的温差较小,无需进行分区控换热,则控制退出分区控冷却或者分区控加热,降低系统能耗,且保证均温效果。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定第一区域的温升速率≥2.5℃/min或TH-TL=T0,T0≥10℃,则开启分区控。当判定第一区域的温升速率<1℃/min或T0<10℃,则退出分区控。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定第一区域的温升速率≥2.5℃/min,且电池最低温度>10℃,则控制进入冷却分区控,控制对第一区域优先冷却,控制第一干路的换热量大于第二干路的换热量。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定T0≥10℃,且电池最低温度>10℃,则控制进入冷却分区控,控制对第一区域优先冷却,控制第一干路的换热量大于第二干路的换热量。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定第一区域的温升速率≥2.5℃/min,且电池最低温度<10℃,则控制进入加热分区控,控制对第二区域优先加热,控制第二干路的换热量大于第一干路的换热量。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定T0≥10℃,且电池最低温度<10℃,则控制进入加热分区控,控制对第二区域优先加热,控制第二干路的换热量大于第一干路的换热量。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定电池最高温度≥40℃且TH-TL=T0,T0≥10℃,则开启分区控。当判定电池最高温度<40℃且TH-TL=T0,T0<10℃,则退出分区控,TH为电池最高温度,TL为电池最低温度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定电池最高温度≥40℃且TH-TL=T0,T0≥10℃,且电池最低温度>10℃,则控制进入冷却分区控,控制对第一区域优先冷却,控制第一干路的换热量大于第二干路的换热量。
在本发明的一些实施例中,当判定电池最高温度≤-10℃且TH-TL=T0,T0≥10℃,且电池最低温度<10℃,则控制进入加热分区控,控制对第二区域优先加热,控制第二干路的换热量大于第一干路的换热量。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路10a设有第一换热单元21和第一电子膨胀阀61,第一电子膨胀阀61设于第一换热单元21的第一端,调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度以调整第一干路10a的换热参数。
第二干路10b设有第二换热单元22和第二电子膨胀阀62,第二电子膨胀阀62设于第二换热单元22的第一端,调整第二电子膨胀阀62的开度以调整第二干路的换热参数。从而便于通过第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62可以调整进入到第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的冷媒流量和/或冷媒温度,实现调整换热参数的目的。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路10a还包括第五电子膨胀阀65,第三电子膨胀阀位于第一换热单元21的第二端,调整第五电子膨胀阀65的开度以调整所述第一干路的换热参数;
第二干路10b还包括第六电子膨胀阀66,第六电子膨胀阀66位于第二换热单元22的第二端,调整所述第六电子膨胀阀66的开度以调整所述第二干路的换热参数。具体而言,可以通过调整第五电子膨胀阀65和第六电子膨胀阀66的开度可以调整第一干路和第二干路中的冷媒流量和/或冷媒温度,从而实现调整换热参数的目的。
进一步地,第一电子膨胀阀61位于第一换热单元21和车外冷凝器130之间,第二电子膨胀阀62位于第二换热单元22和车外冷凝器130之间,需要对电池300冷却时,从车外冷凝器130流出的冷媒依次流经第一电子膨胀阀61、第一换热单元21和第五电子膨胀阀65,从车外冷凝器130流出的冷媒依次流经第二电子膨胀阀62、第二换热单元22和第六电子膨胀阀66。从而通过设置第一电子膨胀阀61、第五电子膨胀阀65、第二电子膨胀阀62和第六电子膨胀阀66,从而可以实现第一干路10a和第二干路10b的独立调节,例如可以通过第一电子膨胀阀61和第五电子膨胀阀65调节第一换热单元21的冷媒流量和/或冷媒温度,可以通过第二电子膨胀阀62和第六电子膨胀阀66调节第二换热单元22的冷媒流量和/或冷媒温度,从而实现对第一区域和第二区域的温度的独立调节,实现分区控的目的。
进一步地,第一电子膨胀阀61、第五电子膨胀阀65、第二电子膨胀阀62和第六电子膨胀阀66中的至少一个的开度不同以使得第一干路10a和第二干路10b的换热量不同。具体而言,当第一区域的温度高度第二区域;或 者第一区域的温升速率大于第二区域的温升速率时,在冷却时通过使得第一干路10a的换热量大于第二干路10b的换热量,从而可以实现对第一区域的优先降温,从而实现电池300的均温性。在加热时使得第一干路10a的换热量小于第二干路10b的换热量,从而实现对第二区域的优先加热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差≥第一温差阈值、收到冷却指令时,根据第一换热单元21的第二端的过热度△TA调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度,每隔设定时间减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度。需要进行说明的是,冷却指令可以是用户发出的操作指令、或者是系统检测到需要对电池300进行冷却而发出的指令,例如是检测到电池300的最高温度大于第一设定温度。
具体而言,根据第一换热单元21的第二端的过热度△TA调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度,可以保证第一换热单元21内的冷媒的流量和/或温度满足对第一区域的降温需求,通过每隔设定时间减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度,可以减小第二换热单元22的冷媒量,避免对第二区域的过渡降温,进而可以实现第一干路10a和第二干路10b的换热量不同,从而实现电池300的均温性。
进一步地,当△TA<△TC时,减小第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TA>△TD时,增加第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TD≤△TA≤△TC时,第一电子膨胀阀61维持当前开度。从而可以保证第一换热单元21内的冷媒的流量和/或温度满足对第一区域的降温效果,还可以避免对第一区域过渡降温。需要进行说明的是,△TC、△TD的数值可以根据实际情况进行限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中,每隔设定时间减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度,直至检测到第一区域和第二区域的温度差小于第一阈值,第二电子膨胀阀62恢复根据据第二换热单元22的第二端的过热度△TB调节其开度。
具体地,当△TB<△TC2时,减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△TB>△TD2时,增加第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△TD2≤△TB≤△TC2时,第二电子膨胀阀62维持当前开度。需要进行说明的是,△TC2、△TD2的数值可以根据实际情况进行限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中,在第五电子膨胀阀65和第一换热单元21之间设有第一传感器31,在第一电子膨胀阀61和第一换热单元21之间设有第二传感器32,在第六电子膨胀阀66和第二换热单元22之间设有第三传感器33,在第二电子膨胀阀62和第二换热单元22之间设有第四传感器34,从而可以通过第一传感器31检测到的压力/温度计算出第一干路10a的第二端的过热度,可以通过第三传感器33检测出来的压力/温度计算出第二干路10b的第二端的过热度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差≥第一温差阈值、收到冷却指令时,第五电子膨胀阀65和第六电子膨胀阀66的开度最大,从而减小第一干路10a和第二干路10b的流阻,保证冷却效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差<第一温差阈值、收到冷却指令时,根据第一换热单元21的第二端的过热度△TA调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度,根据第二换热单元22的第二端的过热度△TB调整第二电子膨胀阀62的开度,第五电子膨胀阀65和第六电子膨胀阀66的开度最大。从而可以保证冷却效果。
其中当△TA<△TC1时,减小第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TA>△TD1时,增加第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TD1≤△TA≤△TC1时,第一电子膨胀阀61维持当前开度。需要进行说明的是,△TC1、△TD1的数值可以根据实际情况进行限定。
当△TB<△TC2时,减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△TB>△TD2时,增加第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△TD2≤△TB≤△TC2时,第二电子膨胀阀62维持当前开度。需要进行说明的是,△TC2、△TD2的数值可以根据实际情况进行限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差≥第二温差阈值、收到加热指令时,第六电子膨胀阀66的开度最大,每隔设定时间减小第五电子膨胀阀65的开度。从而可以使得第二干路10b与第一干路10a的换热量不同,使得第二干路10b内的冷媒温度高于第一干路10a内的冷媒温度和/或使得第二干路10b内的冷媒流量大于第一干路10a内的冷媒流量,实现对第二区域优先加热,从而实现电池300的均温性。
进一步地,在每隔设定时间减小第五电子膨胀阀65的开度后,直至温差小于第二阈值后,停止减小第五电子膨胀阀65的开度。
需要进行说明的是,加热指令可以是用户发出的操作指令、或者是系统检测到需要对电池300进行加热而发出的指令,例如是检测到电池300的最低温度大于第二设定温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差≥第二温差阈值、收到加热指令时,根据第一换热单元21的第一端的过冷度△T1调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度,根据第二换热单元22的第一端的过冷度△T2调整第二电子膨胀阀62的开度。从而可以实时调整第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22的换热量,保证电池300的均温性。
进一步地,当△T1<△T3时,减小第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TA>△T4时,增加第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△T4≤△TA≤△T3时,第一电子膨胀阀61维持当前开度;
当△T2<△T5时,减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△T2>△T6时,增加第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△T6≤△T2≤△T5时,第二电子膨胀阀62维持当前开度。从而可以进一步保证电池300的均温性。需要进行说明的是,T3、T4、T5、T6可以根据实际情况进行设定。
在本申请的一些实施例中,当第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度且温度差小于第二温差阈值时、且收到加热指令时,第五电子膨胀阀65和第六电子膨胀阀66的开度最大,根据第一换热单元21的第一端的过冷度△T1调整第一电子膨胀阀61的开度,根据第二换热单元22的第一端的过冷度△T2调整第二电子膨胀阀62的开度。从而可以实时调整第一换热单元21和第二换热单元22的换热量,保证电池300的均温性。
进一步地,当△T1<△T7时,减小第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△TA>△T8时,增加第一电子膨胀阀61的开度;当△T8≤△TA≤△T7时,第一电子膨胀阀61维持当前开度;
当△T2<△T9时,减小第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△T2>△T10时,增加第二电子膨胀阀62的开度;当△T10≤△T2≤△T9时,第二电子膨胀阀62维持当前开度。从而可以进一步保证电池300的均温性。需要进行说明的是,T7、T8、T9、T10可以根据实际情况进行设定。
进一步地,根据第一传感器31检测的压力和第二传感器32检测的温度计算第一干路10a的过冷度△T1。根据第三传感器33检测的压力和第四传感器34检测的温度计算第二干路10b的过冷度△T2,从而可以获得实时过冷度。
下面参考图1-图2描述根据本申请实施例的热管理系统100。
根据本申请实施例的热管理系统100,包括电池换热模组和控制器,电池换热模组包括:第一干路10a和第二干路10b,第一干路10a中设置有第一换热组件21,第二干路10b中设置有第二换热组件22,第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22用于与电池换热。
本申请的热管理系统100用于车辆,其中,车辆可以是燃油汽车、或燃气汽车、或新能源汽车、或轨道车辆,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。热管理系统100中的电池换热模组适于与车辆的电池换热。电池可以用于车辆的供电,例如,电池可以作为车辆的操作电源,或者电池可以作为车辆的驱动电源,以代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气等为车辆提供驱动动力,或者电池可以用于为车辆的某些部件比如马达等供电,使得电池可以用于车辆的启动、导航和行驶等中的至少一个的工作用电需求。
第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22可与电池换热,以调节电池的温度,以便于电池具有合适的工作温度,从而保证电池的工作稳定、可靠。比如,在冬天环境温度较低时,可对电池进行加热,提升电池的启动速度。还比如,在夏天环境温度过高,或者电池工作温度较高时,可对电池进行降温,提升电池工作安全性,延长电池的工作寿命。
本申请热管理系统100还包括控制器,控制器被配置为根据电池的温度,控制第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。而第一换热组件21设置在第一干路10a中,第二换热组件22设置在第二干路10b中,因此控制器可控制第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的一个与电池换热。第一干路10a和第二干路10b中流通的工质可以相同也可以不同。工质可以是水,也可以是除水以外的其他液态工质,还可以是二氧化碳、冷媒等其他可以进行相态变化的介质。例如:第一干路10a流通的是液态工质,第二干路10b中流通的可以进行相态变化的介质。例如:第一干路10a可以与高压冷却系统连接或者发动机冷却系统,流通高压冷却系统或者发动机冷却系统中的冷却液,第二干路10b与空调系统连接,流通空调系统中进行相态变化的介质。
控制器可控制第一换热组件21与电池换热,控制器还可控制第二换热组件22与电池换热,控制器还可控制第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22均与电池换热,可根据电池的实际需要进行选择。
例如:请参阅图5,图5为本申请的电池包的一实施方式示意图,电池包包括电池、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22,电池设置于第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22之间。第一换热组件21设置于电池的一侧(上方),第二换热组件22设置电池另一侧(下方),第一换热组件为电池上盖,第二换热组件为电池的底板。当电池需要很大的换热量时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热,当电池需要的换热量较小时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个换热。第一换热组件21设置于电池的一侧,第二换热组件22设置于电池的另一侧,当电池的一侧的发热量高于电池的正产工作温度时,控制器控制与该侧对应的换热组件对电池进行冷却。
当电池需要很大的换热量时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热,当电池需要的换热量较小时,可以让第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个换热。第一换热组件21设置于电池的一侧,第二换热组件22设置于电池的另一侧,当电池的一侧的发热量高于电池的正产工作温度时,控制器控制与该侧对应的换热组件对电池进行冷却。
第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22为相互独立的组件,可相互独立工作,第一干路和第二干路具备不同的换热模式。第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22设置于电池的不同区域时,第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22的换热效果可以是相反地,比如第一换热组件21对电池加热,同时第二换热组件22对电池降温,以使电池的温度均匀。电池换热模组热管理模式包括:第一干路和第二干路同时加热或者同时冷却、第一干路和第二干路中的一个加热一个冷却,根据电池不同区域温度,适配不同的热管理模式,以使电池的温度均匀。
例如:请参阅图3和图4,图3为本申请的电芯的第一实施方式的示意图,图4为本申请的电芯的第二实施方式的示意图。电池包括多个电芯,多个电芯在电池中排布,电芯301的两端设置有电极也可以是电芯301的一端设置有电极,电芯301在工作时,电极会产生大量的热量,电极附近的区域为电极发热区域,远离电极的区域为非电极发热区。通常情况下,电池300在工作时,电极会产生大量的热量,使电极附近的区域的温度高压远电极区域的温度。在电池的一侧或者两侧,电极发热温度区域301b均对应设置第一换热组件21,第二换热组件22设置于电池的非电极发热温度区域301a。当电极发热温度区域301b温度高于电池的工作温度时,第一换热组件21对电极发热温度区域301b进行冷却。当电池的非电极发热温度区域301a温度低于电池的工作温度时,第二换热组件22对电池的非电极发热温度区域301a进行加热。
例如,在一种工况下,第一换热组件21或者第二换热组件22单独与电池换热的效率可以低于第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22共同与电池换热的效率。并且第一换热单元和第二换热单元对电池的换热效率也可能是不同的。因此通过设置控制器可使第一换热组件21或第二换热组件22,或者第一换热组件21与第二换热组件22组合与电池进行换热,电池换热模组以不同的效率与电池进行换热。根据电池的温度,使电池换热模组以合适的效率与电池换热,可降低热管理系统100的能耗,提升热管理系统100的功能性。
根据本申请实施例的热管理系统100,通过设置第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22,并且设置控制器控制第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至少一个与电池换热,电池换热模组以不同的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池进行换热。控制器根据电池的温度,使电池换热模组以合适的效率或者不同热管理模式与电池换热,可降低热管理系统100的能耗,提升热管理系统100的功能性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,在第一干路10a和第二干路10b中均循环流动有工质,工质适于在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处与电池换热,从而对电池加热或制冷。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括空调循环回路101,空调循环回路101包括加热支路,第一干路10a与加热支路并联,第二干路10b与加热支路并联,控制器用于控制加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。
热管理系统100还包括空调循环回路101,空调循环回路101适于对乘员舱进行换热。比如,在冬天环境温度较低时,空调循环回路101可对乘员舱进行加热,在夏天环境温度过高时,空调循环回路101可对乘员舱进行降温,提升用户使用舒适性。可选地,工质在空调循环回路101中循环流动,工质在加热制支路进行热交换,以适于对乘员舱加热或制冷。
空调循环回路101的加热支路用于与乘员舱换热,以加热乘员舱。加热支路与第一干路10a和第二干路10b均并联,加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b均相互独立工作,对乘员舱加热与对电池换热相互之间不冲突。
控制器可控制加热支路单独换热,控制器可控制第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21单独换热,控制器还可控制第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22单独换热。而控制器还可控制加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b相互配合共同加热。而控制器还可控制加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热,控制器可控制加热支路对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热,控制器还可控制加热支路对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。
在本申请的一些实施例中,空调循环回路101包括:冷却支路,第一干路10a与冷却支路并联,第二干路10b与冷却支路并联,控制器用于控制冷却支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。冷却支路包括蒸发器140和第三电子膨胀阀63,第三电子膨胀阀63设在车外冷凝器130和蒸发器140之间,冷却支路还包括第三单向阀43,第三单向阀43设在蒸发器140和压缩机11之间。
空调循环回路101的冷却支路用于与乘员舱换热,以制冷乘员舱。冷却支路与第一干路10a和第二干路10b均并联,冷却支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b均相互独立工作,对乘员舱制冷与对电池换热相互之间不冲突。
控制器可控制加热支路单独换热,控制器可控制第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21单独换热,控制器还可控制第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22单独换热。而控制器还可控制加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热,控制器可控制加热支路对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热,控制器还可控制加热支路对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。
在本申请的一些实施例中,空调循环回路101包括:冷却支路和加热支路,第一干路10a与冷却支路并联,第二干路10b与冷却支路并联,第一干路10a与加热支路并联,第二干路10b与加热支路并联。控制器用于控制热支路、冷却支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。
热管理系统100还包括空调循环回路101,空调循环回路101适于对乘员舱进行换热。比如,在冬天环境温度较低时,空调循环回路101可对乘员舱进行加热,在夏天环境温度过高时,空调循环回路101可对乘员舱进行降温,提升用户使用舒适性。空调循环回路101包括:冷却支路和加热支路,空调循环回路101的冷却支路用于与乘员舱换热,以制冷乘员舱,空调循环回路101的加热支路用于与乘员舱换热,以加热乘员舱。可选地,工质在空调循环回路101中循环流动,即在加热制冷和冷却支路内循环流动,以适于对乘员舱加热或制冷。
冷却支路与第一干路10a和第二干路10b均并联,同时加热支路与第一干路10a和第二干路10b均并联,因此冷却支路、加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b均相互独立工作,对乘员舱换热与对电池换热相互之间不冲突。
控制器可控制加热支路单独换热,控制器可控制冷却支路单独换热,控制器可控制第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21单独换热,控制器还可控制第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22单独换热。
而控制器还可控制冷却支路、加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b任意组合同时换热。控制器可控制冷却支路对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热,控制器还可控制冷却支路对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。控制器可控制加热支路对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热,控制器还可控制加热支路对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。控制器可控制冷却支路对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制加热支路对乘员舱加热。乘员舱还可在控制冷却支路对乘员舱制冷、控制加热支路对乘员舱加热的同时,控制电池单元对电池换热。
空调循环回路101的加热支路和加热支路分别与第一干路10a和第二干路10b并联,相互之间独立工作,通过设置控制阀即可控制热管理系统100实现不同的功能,并给不同功能可同步进行,热管理系统100的功能性较强,提升热管理系统100的工作效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括:存储装置,存储装置连接在压缩机11的排气口与压缩机11的进气口之间。
压缩机11工作时,工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,低温低压的气态工质被压缩机11压缩后变成高温高压的气态工质,并从压缩机11的排气口流出,工质可在进行热交换后再次流回压缩机11,完成一次循环。
存储装置连接在压缩机11的排气口和压缩机11的进气口之间,存储器构造为可存储工质且将存储的工质排出。可以理解的是,工质热交换进行制热时,工质热交换进行制冷时,工质的相态不一样,而在相同质量下,气态工质的体积大于液态工质的体积,导致加热时的工质需求量与冷却时的工质需求量不一样。通过设置存储器可将工质存储并且可将存储的工质排出,可根据电池的温度对工质量进行补充或者减少。
可以理解的是,液态工质更便于存储,因此在本申请的一些实施例中,存储器构造为工质可在存储器放热液化,并且存储器可存储液态工质。存储器连接在压缩机11的排气口与压缩机11的进气口之间,存储器可将从压缩机11的排气口流出的工质液化后存储在存储器内部。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制器根据电池的温度控制存储装置对第一干路10a或/和第二干路10b补工质,控制器可根据电池的温度控制存储装置对第一干路10a或/和第二干路10b补充或减少工质。
工质对电池进行加热时,与对电池进行冷却时,工质的相态不一样,而在相同质量下,气态工质的体积大于液态工质的体积,导致对电池进行加热时的工质需求量高于对电池进行冷却时的工质需求量。在电池换热模组对电池制热时,控制器控制存储器放出存储的工质,补充到第一干路10a或/和第二干路10b中,满足对电池进行加热时的工质需求量;在电池换热模组对电池制冷时,存储器存储流经的工质,降低第一干路10a或/和第二干路10b中的工质量,满足对电池进行制冷时的工质需求量。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,存储器构造为储液干燥器,储液干燥器被构造成可存储液态工质且将存储的液态工质排出。储液干燥器还可过滤掉工质中的水分和杂质,避免损坏或堵塞工质管路,延长工质管路的使用寿命,使工质顺畅流动。
在本申请的一些实施例中,空调循环回路101包括:压缩机11、第一换热器12和第二换热器13,压缩机11包括进气口和排气口,压缩机11的排气口、第一换热器12、第二换热器13和压缩机11的进气口依次连接。
在空调循环回路101工作时,工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,低温低压的气态工质被压缩机11压缩后变成高温高压的气态工质,并从压缩机11的排气口流出。第一换热器12的第一端口与压缩机11的排气口连接,第一换热器12的第二端口与第二换热器13连接,第二换热器13与压缩机11的进气口连接。因此工质从压缩机11流出后流经第一换热器12后,再流经第二换热器13,并且在经过其他热交换后,最后回到压缩机11,形成工质回路,完成一次循环。
加热支路包括第一换热器12,第一干路10a与第一换热器12并联,第二干路10b与第一换热器12并联,控制器用于控制压缩机11的排气口与第一换热器12、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连通,以实现第一换热器12、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。
加热支路与第一干路10a并联,加热支路与第二干路10b并联,在加热支路上的第一换热器12和在第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21,以及在第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22均相互并联,第一换热器12、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22相互独立工作。
压缩机11的排气口可选择地与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连接,而从压缩机11的排气口流出的工质为高温高压的气态工质,因此压缩机11的排气口与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个连接时,加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b制热。
控制器可控制压缩机11的排气口与加热支路连通,以实现第一换热器12换热。控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与第一干路10a连通,以控制第一换热组件21换热。控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与第二干路10b连通,以控制第二换热组件22换热。而控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的任意几个同时连通,以控制第一换热器12、第一换热组件21或第二换热组件22同时换热。可选地,控制器可控制第一换热器12对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,空调循环回路101包括:压缩机11、第二换热器13和第三换热器14,所述压缩机11包括进气口和排气口,所述压缩机11的排气口、第二换热器13、第三换热器14和压缩机11的进气口依次连接。
冷却支路包括第三换热器14,第一干路10a与第三换热器14并联,第二干路10b与第三换热器14并联,控制器用于控制第二换热器13与第三换热器14、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连通,以实现所述第三换热器14、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热
在空调循环回路101工作时,工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,低温低压的气态工质被压缩机11压缩后变成高温高压的气态工质,并从压缩机11的排气口流出。第二换热器13的第一端口与压缩机11的排气口连接,第二换热器13的第二端口与第三换热器14连接,第三换热器14与压缩机11的进气口连接。因此工质从压缩机11流出后流经第二换热器13后,再流经第三换热器14,工质在第二换热器13中放热液化,随后经过节流降压后进入到第三换热器14吸热汽化,从而在第三换热器14制冷。气态工质最后回到压缩机11,形成工质回路,完成一次循环。
冷却支路与第一干路10a并联,冷却支路与第二干路10b并联,在冷却支路上的第三换热器14和在第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21,以及在第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22均相互并联,第三换热器14、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22相互独立工作。
控制器可控制第二换热器13与冷却支路连通,以实现第三换热器14换热。控制器还可控制第二换热器13与第一干路10a连通,以控制第一换热组件21换热。控制器还可控制第二换热器13与第二干路10b连通,以控制第二换热组件22换热。而控制器还可控制第二换热器13与冷却支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的任意几个同时连通,以控制第三换热器14、第一换热组件21或第二换热组件22同时换热。可选地,控制器可控制第三换热器14对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热泵空调循环回路101包括:压缩机11、第一换热器12和第二换热器13和第三换热器14,压缩机11包括进气口和排气口,压缩机11的排气口、第一换热器12、第二换热器13、第三换热器14和压缩机11的进气口依次连接。
在空调循环回路101工作时,工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,低温低压的气态工质被压缩机11压缩后变成高温高压的气态工质,并从压缩机11的排气口流出。第一换热器12的第一端口与压缩机11的排气口连接,第一换热器12的第二端口与第二换热器13的第一端口连接,第二换热器13的第二端口与第三换热器14的第一端口连接,第三换热器14的第二端口与压缩机11的进气口连接。因此工质从压缩机11流出后流经第一换热器12后,再流经第二换热器13,接着流经第三换热器14,最后回到压缩机11,形成工质回路,完成一次循环。工质在第一换热器12、第二换热器13和第三换热器14中的至少一个换热,再形成气态工质回到压缩机11的进气口。
加热支路包括第一换热器12,冷却支路包括第三换热器14,第一干路10a与第一换热器12并联,第二干路10b与第一换热器12并联,第一干路10a与第三换热器14并联,第二干路10b与第三换热器14并联。第二换热器13可位于加热支路,第二换热器13也可位于冷却支路,第二换热器13还可仅作为管路供工质通过,工质在第 二换热器13即不吸热也不放热,可供实际需要进行选择。
加热支路与第一干路10a并联,加热支路与第二干路10b并联,在加热支路上的第一换热器12和在第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21,以及在第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22均相互并联,第一换热器12、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22相互独立工作。冷却支路与第一干路10a并联,冷却支路与第二干路10b并联,在冷却支路上的第三换热器14和在第一干路10a上的第一换热组件21,以及在第二干路10b上的第二换热组件22均相互并联,第三换热器14、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22相互独立工作。
由于加热支路与第一干路10a并联,加热支路与第二干路10b并联,因此压缩机11的排气口可选择地与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连接,加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。具体地,从压缩机11的排气口流出的工质为高温高压的气态工质,因此压缩机11的排气口与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个连接时,加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个制热。
由于冷却支路与第一干路10a并联,冷却支路与第二干路10b并联,因此压缩机11的进气口可选择地与冷却支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连接,同理地,连接在第三换热器14的另一侧的第二换热器13也可选择地与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连通,冷却制冷、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。可选地,冷却制冷、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个制冷。
控制器用于控制压缩机11的排气口与第一换热器12、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连通,以实现第一换热器12、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。
控制器可控制压缩机11的排气口与加热支路连通,以实现第一换热器12换热。控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与第一干路10a连通,以控制第一换热组件21换热。控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与第二干路10b连通,以控制第二换热组件22换热。而控制器还可控制压缩机11的排气口与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的任意几个同时连通,以控制第一换热器12、第一换热组件21或第二换热组件22同时换热。可选地,控制器可控制第一换热器12对乘员舱制热的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热。
或者,控制器用于控制实施第二换热器13与第一干路10a、第二干路10b和第三换热器14的至少一个连通,以实现第一干路10a、第二干路10b和第三换热器14中的至少一个换热。
控制器可控制第二换热器13与冷却支路连通,以实现第三换热器14换热。控制器还可控制第二换热器13与第一干路10a连通,以控制第一换热组件21换热。控制器还可控制第二换热器13与第二干路10b连通,以控制第二换热组件22换热。而控制器还可控制第二换热器13与加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的任意几个同时连通,以控制第三换热器14、第一换热组件21或第二换热组件22同时换热。可选地,控制器可控制第三换热器14对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制冷。可选地,控制器可控制第一换热器12对乘员舱制冷的同时,控制电池换热模组对电池制热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一换热器12为车内冷凝器120,车内冷凝器120适于对乘员舱内制热。当工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120共同形成的工质回路中流动时,从压缩机11的排气口流出的高温高压的气态工质在车内冷凝器120处进行热交换,工质放热液化,随后工质经过节流降压、吸热汽化后,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,完成一次循环。车内冷凝器120还可只起到管路作用,工质经由车内冷凝器120流过不产生热交换。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,由压缩机11、车内冷凝器120和第二换热器13共同形成工质回路中,工质从压缩机11的排气口流出的高温高压的气态工质在车内冷凝器120处进行热交换,工质放热液化,车内冷凝器120适于对乘员舱制热。
而控制器可控制压缩机11的排气口可选择地与车内冷凝器120、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至少一个连通。通过设置控制器改变空调循环回路101中工质的流动路径,可实现对乘员舱制热和/或对电池制热。
可以理解的是,空调循环回路101为整体具有多个支路,压缩机11、第一换热器12和第二换热器13共同形成工质回路等均为空调循环回路101的一部分。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第二换热器13为车外冷凝器130,工质经过车外冷凝器130放热,车外冷凝器130可进行制热,比如在冬天环境温度较低时,车辆的元件需要预热启动,通过车外冷凝器130向元件制热,可提升车辆启动速度。车外冷凝器130还可只起到管路作用,工质经由车外冷凝器130流过不产生热交换。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第三换热器14为蒸发器140,蒸发器140适于对乘员舱内制冷。
当工质在压缩机11、蒸发器140共同形成的工质回路中流动时,从压缩机11的排气口流出的高温高压的气态工质在管路内先进行热交换,工质放热液化,随后工质经过节流降压进入到蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,对蒸发器140制冷,工质最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,完成一次循环。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,由压缩机11、第二换热器13和蒸发器140共同形成工质回路中,工质从压缩机11的排气口流出的高温高压的气态工质在第二换热器13处进行热交换,工质放热液化,随后工质经过节流降压进入到蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,适于对乘员舱制冷,随后变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,完成一次循环。
而控制器可控制第二换热器13可选择地与蒸发器140、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至少一个连通。通过设置控制器改变空调循环回路101中工质的流动路径,可实现对乘员舱制冷和/或对电池制冷。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,由压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和蒸发器140共同形成的工质回路中,工质从压缩机11的排气口流出的高温高压的气态工质在车内冷凝器120处进行热交换,工质放热液化,车内冷凝器120适于对乘员舱制热。而车内冷凝器120还可仅作为流道,工质流经车内冷凝器120处不换热。接着工质继续向车外冷凝器130流动,工质可在车外冷凝器130进行热交换,二次放热;工质还可仅是通过车外冷凝器130,在车外冷凝器130处不换热。放热液化后的工质经过节流降压进入到蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,适于对乘员舱制冷,随后变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,完成一次循环。
而控制器可控制压缩机11的排气口可选择地与车内冷凝器120、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至 少一个连通。并且还可控制第二换热器13可选择地与蒸发器140、第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至少一个连通。通过设置控制器改变空调循环回路101中工质的流动路径,以使热管理系统100实现不同工况下的工作,本申请热管理系统100的功能性强。
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与车内冷凝器120连通,控制器控制车外冷凝器130与蒸发器140连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口不与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通时。工质经过车内冷凝器120不换热,工质经过车外冷凝器130放热,工质经过蒸发器140吸热,热管理系统100可实现对乘员舱单独制冷的工况。
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与车内冷凝器120连通,控制器控制车外冷凝器130与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口不与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通,车外冷凝器130不与蒸发器140连通时。工质经过车内冷凝器120不换热,工质经过车外冷凝器130放热,工质经过第一换热组件21和/或第二换热组件22吸热,热管理系统100可实现对电池制冷的工况。
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与车内冷凝器120连通,控制器控制车外冷凝器130与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通,车外冷凝器130与蒸发器140连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口不与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通时。工质经过车内冷凝器120不换热,工质经过车外冷凝器130放热,工质经过第一换热组件21和/或第二换热组件22吸热,工质经过蒸发器140吸热,热管理系统100可实现对乘员舱制冷同时对电池制冷的工况
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与车内冷凝器120连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口不与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通时。工质经过车内冷凝器120放热,热管理系统100可实现对乘员舱制热的工况。
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口不与车内冷凝器120连通时。工质经过第一换热组件21和/或第二换热组件22放热,热管理系统100可实现对电池制热的工况。
当控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与车内冷凝器120连通,且控制器控制压缩机11的排气口与第一干路10a和第二干路10b连通时。工质经过车内冷凝器120放热,同时工质经过第一换热组件21和/或第二换热组件22放热,热管理系统100可实现对乘员舱和电池同时制热的工况。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100包括第一排气流道10c,电池换热模组通过第一排气流道10c与进气口相连,流经电池换热模组的工质可经过第一排气流道10c流回进气口。比如在对电池制冷时,工质从排气口流出,经过车外冷凝器130放热后,在电池换热模组处吸热,然后经过第一排气流道10c流回进气口。
热管理系统100还包括与排气口相连的第二排气流道10d,第二排气流道10d连接至第一排气流道10c,因此电池换热模组也就通过第二排气流道10d与排气口相连,工质可经由第二排气流道10d流向电池换热模组。比如在对电池制热时,工质从排气口流出,经过第二换热流道流向电池换热模组,在电池换热模组处放热。
热管理系统100还包括将排气口与车内冷凝器120连通的第三排气流道10e,工质可经由第三排气流道10e流向车外冷凝器130,在车内冷凝器120处放热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,控制器包括多个控制阀组,控制阀组动作以使排气口与车内冷凝器120和电池换热模组中的至少一个连通,以使得排气口的工质流向车内冷凝器120或电池换热模组。通过设置控制阀组可控制工质的流向,以控制热管理系统100的工作。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,控制阀组包括第一通断阀51、第二通断阀52和第三通断阀53,第一通断阀51串联至第二排气流道10d,第三通断阀53连接至车外冷凝器130和排气口之间,即第三通断阀53串联至第三排气流道10e。第二通断阀52串联至第一排气流道10c,第二通断阀52关闭时阻止第二排气流道10d的工质流向回气口。
第一通断阀51可控制第二排气流道10d的通断,以控制工质从排气口是否流向电池换热模组,第一通断阀51关闭时阻止工质流向电池换热模组。第三通断阀53可控制第三流道的通断,以控制工质从排气口是否流向车外冷凝器130,第三通断阀53关闭时阻止工质流向车外冷凝器130。
第一排气流道10c与回气口相连,第二排气流道10d与排气口相连,第二排气流道10d连接至第一排气流道10c,在第一通断阀51控制第二排气流道10d流通时,从排气口流出的工质会从第二排气流道10d流向第一排气流道10c,继而直接流回回气口。因此通过在第一排气流道10c设置第二通断阀52,第二通断阀52可控制第一排气流道10c的通断,第二通断阀52关闭时阻止第二排气流道10d的工质流向进气口。
在本申请的一些实施例中,还包括第四电子膨胀阀64,第四电子膨胀阀64与第三通断阀53并联连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括第一开关阀41和第二开关阀42第一开关阀41串联于电池换热模组的第二端与第三换热器14之间,第二开关阀42串联于电池换热模组的第二端与第二换热器13之间。第一开关阀41可控制电池换热模组与第三换热器14之间的通断,第二开关阀42可控制电池换热模组与第二换热器13之间的通断。当第一开关阀41和第二开关阀42中的一个导通时,第一干路10a与所述第一换热器12并联,所述第二干路10b与所述第一换热器12并联,所述第一干路10a与所述第三换热器14并联,所述第二干路10b与所述第三换热器14并联。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第一开关阀41构造为第一单向阀41,第一单向阀41构造为工质从电池换热模组流向第三换热器14。第一单向阀41可控制工质从电池换热模组稳定流向第三换热器14,提升工质的流动性,避免工质倒流,提升热管理系统100的工作稳定性。并且第一单向阀41可稳定持续工作,可减少主动控制,便于操控。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第二开关阀42构造为第二单向阀42,第二单向阀42构造为工质从第二换热器13流向电池换热模组。第二单向阀42可控制工质从第二换热器13稳定流向电池换热模组,提升工质的流动性,避免工质倒流,提升热管理系统100的工作稳定性。并且第二单向阀42可稳定持续工作,可减少主动控制,便于操控。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路10a中设置有第一传感器31和第二传感器32,第一传感器31位于第一换热组件21的第一端,第二传感器32位于第一换热组件21的第二端。第二干路10b种还设置有第三传感器33 和第四传感器34,第三传感器33位于第二换热组件22的第一端,第四传感器34位于第二换热组件22的第二端。
通过设置传感器可直观准确地获得工质在第一干路10a内的各种数值,以及工质在第二干路10b内的各种数值。控制器可根据电池的温度,控制工质在第一干路10a以及第二干路10b的流动情况,不但操作方便,还可使电池快速达到合适的工作温度,提升电池的工作稳定性。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第一传感器31构造为压力传感器,第一传感器31可获得第一干路10a中工质的压力,第二传感器32构造为温度传感器,第二传感器32可获得第一干路10a中工质的温度。第三传感器33构造为压力传感器,第三传感器33可获得第二干路10b中工质的压力,第四传感器34构造为温度传感器,第四传感器34可获得第二干路10b中工质的温度。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一干路10a设置有第一传感器31、第二传感器32和第一流量调节元件,第一传感器31位于第一换热组件21的第一端,第一流量调节元件位于第一换热组件21的第二端,第二传感器32设置于第一换热组件21的第二端和第一流量调节元件之间。第二干路10b种还设置有第三传感器33、第四传感器34和第二流量调节元件,第三传感器33位于第二换热组件22的第一端,第二流量调节元件位于第二换热组件22的第二端,第四传感器34设置于第二换热组件22的第二端和第二流量调节元件之间。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第一传感器31构造为压力传感器,第一传感器31可获得第一干路10a中工质的压力,第二传感器32构造为温度传感器,第二传感器32可获得第一干路10a中工质的温度。第三传感器33构造为压力传感器,第三传感器33可获得第二干路10b中工质的压力,第四传感器34构造为温度传感器,第四传感器34可获得第二干路10b中工质的温度。
第一流量调节元件可调节第一干路10a中工质的流量,从而调节第一干路10a中的压力,起到节流降压的作用。第三流量调节元件可调节第二干路10b中工质的流量,从而调节第二干路10b中的压力,起到节流降压的作用。使第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的工质压力处于安全范围内,避免第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的工质压力过大冲破管路而对电池造成损伤,提升电池的工作稳定性。
当工质在由压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和电池换热模组共同形成的工质回路中流动时,工质在车内冷凝器120或车外冷凝器130处放热,再经过第一流量调节元件和/或第二流量调节元件节流降压后变为低温低压的液态工质,工质在电池换热模组蒸发吸热后变为低温低压的气态工质,低温低压的气态工质从进气口流入到压缩机11,完成一次循环。
在本申请的一些实施例中,换热元件还包括第三开关阀和第四开关阀,第三开关阀设置于第一干路10a,第四开关阀设置于第二干路10b。
第三开关阀可控制第一干路10a的通断,第四开关阀可控制第二干路10b的通断,以控制工质在第一干路10a或第二干路10b中的流动或停滞,第三开关阀和第四开关阀之间相互独立工作。
当第三开关阀导通时,第一干路10a与第三换热器14并联,第一干路10a可选择地与第一换热器12并联。当第四开关阀导通时,第二干路10b与第三换热器14并联,第二干路10b可选择地与第一换热器12并联。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,在第一干路10a设置有第一电子膨胀阀61,在第二干路10b设置有第二电子膨胀阀62。第一传感器31位于第一换热组件21的第一端,第一电子膨胀阀61位于第一换热组件21的第二端,第二传感器32设置于第一换热组件21的第二端和第一电子膨胀阀61之间。第三传感器33位于第二换热组件22的第一端,第二电子膨胀阀62位于第二换热组件22的第二端,第四传感器34设置于第二换热组件22的第二端和第二电子膨胀阀62之间。
电子膨胀阀具有流量调节功能,电子膨胀阀可对流经的工质降压。电子膨胀阀还具有通断功能,还可选择地将管路封闭,以控制工质在电子膨胀阀所在管路中的流动或停滞。因此在第一干路10a上设置有第一电子膨胀阀61可取消第一流量调节元件和第三开关阀,同理地,在第二干路10b上设置有第二电子膨胀阀62可取消第二流量调节元件和第四开关阀,减少元件数量,降低布置难度。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,在蒸发器140的第一端设置有第五开关阀,第五开关阀串联在蒸发器140和压缩机11的进气口之间。第五开关阀可控制蒸发器140所在管路的通断,当第五开关阀导通时,工质可经由蒸发器140流向压缩机11。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第五开关阀构造为第三单向阀43,第三单向阀43构造为工质从蒸发器140流向压缩机11。第三单向阀43可控制工质从蒸发器140稳定流向压缩机11,提升工质的流动性,避免工质倒流,提升热管理系统100的工作稳定性。并且第三单向阀43可稳定持续工作,可减少主动控制,便于操控。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,在蒸发器140的第二端设置有第三电子膨胀阀63,第三电子膨胀阀63串联在车外冷凝器130和蒸发器140之间。电子膨胀阀具有流量调节功能,第三电子膨胀阀63可对流经的工质降压。电子膨胀阀还具有通断功能,还可选择地将管路封闭,以控制工质是否流向蒸发器140。
当工质在由压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和蒸发器140共同形成的工质回路中流动时,工质在车内冷凝器120或车外冷凝器130处放热,再经过第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后变为低温低压的液态工质,工质在蒸发器140蒸发吸热后变为低温低压的气态工质,低温低压的气态工质从进气口流入到压缩机11,完成一次循环。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括旁通流路10f,旁通流路10f串联有第四通断阀54,旁通流路10f与串联的第五开关阀、蒸发器140和第三电子膨胀阀63并联连接。第四通断阀54可控制旁通流路10f的流通和隔绝。当第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f导通时,工质经由旁通流路10f流回进气口;当第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f阻断时,工质经由蒸发器140所在的流路回到进气口。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,在车外冷凝器130的第一端设置有第五通断阀55,第五通断阀55串联在车外冷凝器130和压缩机11的排气口之间。当第五通断阀55导通时,工质可流向车外冷凝器130。
在本申请一些具体实施例中,在车外冷凝器130的第二端设置有第四单向阀44,第四单向阀44构造为工质从车外冷凝器130流出,提升工质的流动性,避免工质倒流。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括第六通断阀56,第六通断阀56设置在第一开关阀41远离电池换热模组的一侧。当第六通断阀56导通时,工质可从电池换热模组流向蒸发器140。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括第五单向阀45,第五单向阀45设置在电池换热模组与压缩机11的进气口之间,第五单向阀45构造为工质从电池换热模组流向压缩机11的进气口,避免流向进气口的工质流向换热组件,提升换热组件的使用安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括气液分离器15,气液分离器15与压缩机11的进气口连通。工质在经过节流蒸发后变为低温低压的气态工质,由于蒸发吸热并不能完全保证将所有的工质均转变为气态工质,因此在工质重新流入压缩机11之前要先流入气液分离器15中,气液分离器15将气态工质和液态工质分离,只驱动低温低压的气态工质流向压缩机11,防止液滴对压缩机11内的功能件的液击,保证压缩机11安全正常运转。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括串联支路10g,串联支路10g一端与第一干路10a连接,串联支路10g的另一端与第二干路10b连接,控制器还用于根据电池的温度控制串联支路10g实现第一干路10a和第二干路10b串联,从而使第一干路10a和第二干路10b同时换热。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第一换热组件21的第一接口与第二换热组件22的第二接口通过串联支路10g连接。工质从第一换热组件21的第二接口流入,然后流经第一换热组件21,再经过串联支路10g流向第二换热组件22,最终从第二换热组件22的第一接口流出。
在本申请的一些实施例中,串联支路10g包括串联开关阀57,第一换热组件21的第一接口与第二换热组件22的第二接口通过串联开关阀57连接。串联开关阀57可控制串联支路10g的通断,当串联开关阀57将串联支路10g封闭时,第一干路10a和第二干路10b并联连接,当串联开关阀57将串联支路10g连通时,第一干路10a和第二干路10b可串联连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一传感器31设置于串联支路10g的一端与第一换热组件21的第一接口之间,第三传感器33设置于串联支路10g的另一端与第二换热组件22的第二接口之间。在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22串联时,第一传感器31、第二传感器32、第三传感器33和第四传感器34均可检测工质的信息。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管理系统100还包括并联开关阀58,并联开关阀58设置在第一换热组件21的第一接口和第二换热组件22的第一接口的一侧,并联开关阀58可控制第一干路10a和第二干路10b的通断,当并联开关阀58导通时,第一干路10a和第二干路10b可并联连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一换热组件21设置于电池的一侧,第二换热组件22设置于电池另一侧,对电池的不同侧进行换热,可提升对电池的换热效率。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,第一换热组件21为第一换热板,第二换热组件22为第二换热板,第一换热板和第二换热板设置在电池的相对两侧。相比于设置一个换热板的设计方式,第一换热板和第二换热板可对电池的相对两侧进行制冷或制热,可提升对电池的制冷或制热效率,使电池快速达到合适的工作温度,提升电池的工作稳定性。
在本申请的一些实施例中,第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22中的至少1个包括多个换热组件,多个换热组件并联。通过设置多个换热组件可提升与电池换热的面积,进一步提升对电池的换热效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中,一个换热组件设置于电池的电极发热区域,一个换热组件设置于电池的非电极发热区域。
控制器可根据电池的温度,控制设置于电池的电极发热区域的换热组件大幅度制冷,控制设置于电池的非电极发热区域的换热组件小幅度制冷。或者控制器可根据电池的温度,控制设置于电池的电极发热区域的换热组件制冷,控制设置于电池的非电极发热区域的换热组件制热。
下面参考图1描述热管理系统100在不同工况下工作的实施例。
实施例一为仅有乘员舱制冷的工况。
在仅有乘员舱制冷的工况下,工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和蒸发器140形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断、第三通断阀53将第三流道导通,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路导通,第六通断阀56将管路隔断。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路隔断,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路导通,起节流作用,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第三通断阀53、第五通断阀55、车外冷凝器130、第四单向阀44、第三电子膨胀阀63、蒸发器140、第三单向阀43、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三流道流向车内冷凝器120,车内冷凝器120只是起到管路作用,工质继续流向车外冷凝器130,工质在车外冷凝器130处液化放热,随后工质经过第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后流向蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现蒸发器140向乘员舱内制冷。
实施例二为仅有电池冷却的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22单独工作,其中,第一换热组件21工作,第二换热组件22不工作。
在仅有电池冷却的工况下,工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和第一换热组件21形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c导通、第三通断阀53将第三流道导通,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路导通,第六通断阀56将管路隔断。第一电子膨胀阀61将管路导通,起节流作用,第二电子膨胀阀62将管路隔断,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导通,开关阀57将串联支路10g隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第三通断阀53、第五通断阀55、车外冷凝器130、第四单向阀44、第二单向阀42流向第一支路,流向第一支路 的工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61、第二传感器32、第一换热组件21、第一传感器31、并联开关阀58、第二通断阀52、第五单向阀45和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三流道流向车内冷凝器120,车内冷凝器120只是少起到管路作用,工质继续流向车外冷凝器130,工质在车外冷凝器130处液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61节流降压后流向第一换热组件21,工质在第一换热组件21处吸热汽化,变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板对电池制冷。
实施例三为仅有电池冷却的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22并联工作。
在仅有电池冷却的工况下,工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和电池换热模组形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c导通、第三通断阀53将第三流道导通,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路导通,第六通断阀56将管路隔断。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路导通,起节流作用,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导通,开关阀57将串联支路10g隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第三通断阀53、第五通断阀55、车外冷凝器130、第四单向阀44、第二单向阀42流向第一支路和第二支路,流向第一支路的工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61、第二传感器32、第一换热组件21、第一传感器31、并联开关阀58,流向第二支路的工质经过第二电子膨胀阀62、第四传感器34、第二换热组件22、第三传感器33后流出第二支路,与流出第一支路的工质混合后,经过第二通断阀52、第五单向阀45和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三流道流向车内冷凝器120,车内冷凝器120只是起到管路作用,工质继续流向车外冷凝器130,工质在车外冷凝器130处液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62节流降压后流向第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22,工质在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处分别吸热汽化,变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制冷。
实施例四为仅有电池冷却的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22串联工作。
在仅有电池冷却的工况下,工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120、车外冷凝器130和电池换热模组形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c导通、第三通断阀53将第三流道导通,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路导通,第六通断阀56将管路隔断。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路导通,起节流作用,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路隔断。并联开关阀58将管路隔断,开关阀57将串联支路10g导通。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第三通断阀53、第五通断阀55、车外冷凝器130、第四单向阀44、第二单向阀42、第一电子膨胀阀61、第二传感器32、第一换热组件21、第一传感器31、开关阀57、第四传感器34、第二换热组件22、第三传感器33、第二通断阀52、第五单向阀45和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三流道流向车内冷凝器120,车内冷凝器120只是起到管路作用,工质继续流向车外冷凝器130,工质在车外冷凝器130处液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61节流降压后流向第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22,工质在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处吸热汽化,变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制冷。
实施例五为乘员舱制冷和电池冷却的工况,实施例五实际为实施例一与实施例二-实施例四中的任一个同时运行。
实施例六为仅有乘员舱采暖的工况,且车外环境较高,车外冷凝器130可从车外环境吸热。
在仅有乘员舱采暖的工况下,工质在压缩机11、车内冷凝器120和车外冷凝器130形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断,第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f导通,第五通断阀55将管路导通,第六通断阀56将管路隔断。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路隔断,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路导通,起到节流作用。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第四电子膨胀阀64、第五通断阀55、车外冷凝器130、第四单向阀44、第四通断阀54、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三排气流道10e流向车内冷凝器120,工质在车内冷凝器120处液化放热,随后工质经过第四电子膨胀阀64节流降压后流向车外冷凝器130,工质在车外冷凝器130与车外环境换热,吸热汽化,最终变为低温低压的气态工质沿旁通流路10f从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现车内冷凝器120向乘员舱内制热。
实施例七为仅有乘员舱采暖的工况,且车外环境较低,车外冷凝器130不可从车外环境吸热。
在仅有乘员舱采暖的工况下,工质在压缩机11和车内冷凝器120形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d隔断、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断,第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f导通,第五通断阀55将管路隔断,第六通断阀56将管路导通。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路隔断,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64将管路导通,起到节流作用。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、车内冷凝器120、第四电子膨胀阀64、第六通断阀56、第四通断阀54、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第三排气流道10e流向车内冷凝器120,工质在车内冷凝器120处液化放热,随后工质经过第四电子膨胀阀64节流降压后流向旁通流路10f从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现车内冷凝器120向乘员舱内制热。
实施例八为环境温度较高时仅有电池加热的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22单独工作,其中,第一换热组件21工作,第二换热组件22不工作。
在仅有电池加热模组的工况下,工质在压缩机11、第一换热组件21和蒸发器140形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d导通、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断、第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路隔断,第六通断阀56将管路导通。第一电子膨胀阀61将管路导通,起到节流作用,第二电子膨胀阀62将管路隔断,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路导通,起节流作用,第四电子膨胀阀64隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导通,开关阀57将串联支路10g隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、第一通断阀51流向第一支路,流向第一支路的工质经过第一传感器31、第一换热组件21、第二传感器32、第一电子膨胀阀61流出第一支路,经过第一单向阀41、第六通断阀56、第三电子膨胀阀63、蒸发器140、第三单向阀43、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第二排气流道10d流向电池换热模组,工质在第一换热组件21处液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61和第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后流向蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制热。
实施例九为环境温度较高时仅有电池加热的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22并联工作。
在仅有电池加热模组的工况下,工质在压缩机11、电池换热模组和蒸发器140形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d导通、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断、第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路隔断,第六通断阀56将管路导通。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路导通,起到节流作用,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路导通,起节流作用,第四电子膨胀阀64隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导通,开关阀57将串联支路10g隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、第一通断阀51流向第一支路和第二支路,流向第一支路的工质经过第一传感器31、第一换热组件21、第二传感器32、第一电子膨胀阀61流出第一支路,流向第二支路的工质经过并联开关阀58、第三传感器33、第二换热组件22、第四传感器34、第二电子膨胀阀62流出第二支路,与流出第一支路的工质混合后,经过第一单向阀41、第六通断阀56、第三电子膨胀阀63、蒸发器140、第三单向阀43、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第二排气流道10d流向电池换热模组,工质在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处分别液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61、第二电子膨胀阀62和第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后流向蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制热。
实施例十为环境温度较高时仅有电池加热的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22串联工作。
在仅有电池加热模组的工况下,工质在压缩机11、电池换热模组和蒸发器140形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d导通、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断、第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f隔断,第五通断阀55将管路隔断,第六通断阀56将管路导通。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路导通,起到节流作用,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路导通,起节流作用,第四电子膨胀阀64隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导隔断,开关阀57将串联支路10g导通。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、第一通断阀51、并联开关阀58、第三传感器33、第二换热组件22、第四传感器34、第一传感器31、第一换热组件21、第二传感器32、第一电子膨胀阀61、第一单向阀41、第六通断阀56、第三电子膨胀阀63、蒸发器140、第三单向阀43、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第二排气流道10d流向电池换热模组,工质在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61和第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后流向蒸发器140,工质在蒸发器140处吸热汽化,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制热。
实施例十一为环境温度较低时仅有电池加热的工况,且第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22并联工作。
在仅有电池加热模组的工况下,工质在压缩机11、电池换热模组和蒸发器140形成的工质回路中流动。此时第一通断阀51将第二排气流道10d导通、第二通断阀52将第一排气流道10c隔断、第三通断阀53将第三流道隔断,第四通断阀54将旁通流路10f导通,第五通断阀55将管路隔断,第六通断阀56将管路导通。第一电子膨胀阀61和第二电子膨胀阀62将管路导通,起到节流作用,第三电子膨胀阀63将管路隔断,第四电子膨胀阀64隔断。并联开关阀58将管路导通,开关阀57将串联支路10g隔断。
工质的循环路径依次为:从压缩机11流出,经过第一压力传感器81、第一温度传感器82、第一通断阀51流向第一支路和第二支路,流向第一支路的工质经过第一传感器31、第一换热组件21、第二传感器32、第一电子膨胀阀61流出第一支路,流向第二支路的工质经过并联开关阀58、第三传感器33、第二换热组件22、第四传感器34、第二电子膨胀阀62流出第二支路,与流出第一支路的工质混合后,经过第一单向阀41、第六通断阀56、第四通断阀54、第五传感器35和气液分离器15,最后流回压缩机11。
从压缩机11的排气口流出高温高压的气态工质,并经由第二排气流道10d流向电池换热模组,工质在第一换热组件21和第二换热组件22处分别液化放热,随后工质经过第一电子膨胀阀61、第二电子膨胀阀62和第三电子膨胀阀63节流降压后流向压缩机11,而环境温度较低,工质在流动过程中自然热交换,最终变为低温低压的气态工质从压缩机11的进气口流入,从而实现第一换热板和第二换热板对电池制热。
实施例十二为环境温度较高,乘员舱与电池包同时制热的工况,实施例十二实际为实施例六与实施例八-实施例十中的任一个同时运行。
上述的几个实施例仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示热管理系统100在某种工况下仅能按实施例所示情况运行,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管系统还包括动力热管理子系统200,动力热管理子系统200包括第四换热器71和冷却液循环系统,第四换热器71包括第一流道和第二流道,第一流道与冷却液循环系统连接,第二流道的一端与第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个连通。
热管理系统100还包括空调循环回路101还包括加热支路,第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的一个与第二流道连通,第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的另一个与加热支路并联,控制器用于控制加热支路、第一干路10a和第二干路10b中的至少一个换热。
冷却液在第一流道内流动,工质在第二流道内流动,第一流道和第二流道共同位于第四换热器71内,第一流道和第二流道可相互进行热交换。当第二流道内流动的冷却液温度高于在第一流道内流动的工质时,工质流经第四换热器71吸热;当第二流道内流动的冷却液温度低于在第一流道内流动的工质时,工质流经第四换热器71放热。
冷却液循环系统可将动力热管理子系统200产生的热量与工质热交换,从而利用动力热管理子系统200产生的热量加热工质,或者对工质进行冷却,辅助电池换热模组对电池的换热。
在本申请的一些实施例中,如图2所示,动力热管理子系统200包括高压热管理子系统201和发动机热管理子系统202中的至少一个。
高压热管理子系统201可与空调循环回路101进行热交换,或者发动机热管理子系统202与空调循环回路101进行热交换,还可以高压热管理子系统201和发动机热管理子系统202均与空调循环回路101进行热交换。
在本申请的一些具体实施例中,热管系统还包括高压热管理子系统201,高压热管理子系统201包括第四换热器71和冷却液循环系统,第四换热器71包括第一流道和第二流道,第一流道与冷却液循环系统连接,第二流道的一端选择性的与第二端和第一换热器12连通,第二流道的另一端与第四换热器71连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中,高压热管理子系统201还包括:充配电/电机总成72和第一散热器73,充配电/电机总成72与车辆的电机电控进行热交换,充配电/电机总成72连接在冷却液循环系统和第一散热器73之间。第一散热器73适于与车外环境进行热交换。
在本申请的一些实施例中,高压热管理子系统201还包括:切换阀组74,切换阀组74分别与循环回路的两端、充配电/电机总成72和第一散热器73相连,切换阀组74动作以使得高压热管理子系统201不同工况之间进行切换。具体地,切换阀组74为三通阀。
切换阀组74可控制冷却液的流动方向,可将车辆的电机电控产生的热量加热工质,或者可将车辆的电机电控产生的热量通过第一散热器73逸散到车外。
在本申请的一些实施例中,高压热管理系统100还包括水泵75,水泵75设置在充配电/电机总成72和第四换热器71之间,水泵75构造为将冷却液从充配电/电机总成72泵向第四换热器71。
高压热管理子系统201具有第一工况,在第一工况下,充配电/电机总成72和第二流道形成第一回路。从充配电/电机总成72流出的冷却液在水泵75的作用下流向第四换热器71,冷却液在第四换热器71的第二流道中与第一流道中的工质换热后,流回充配电/电机总成72与车辆的电机电控进行热交换。
工质循环回流有吸热需求,同时高压热管理子系统201无散热需求时,高压热管理子系统201可按第一工况运行。从充配电/电机总成72流出的高温冷却液流入第二流道,与流经第一流道的低温工质进行热交换,将车辆的电机电控产生的热量传递到工质循环回流,车辆的电机电控产生的热量进行了有效利用,提升了热管理系统100的加热能力的同时还可降低热管理系统100的能耗。
高压热管理子系统201还具有第二工况,在第二工况,充配电/电机总成72、第一散热器73和第二流道形成第二回路。从充配电/电机总成72流出的冷却液在水泵75的作用下流向第四换热器71,冷却液在第四换热器71的第二流道中与第一流道中的工质换热后,流向第一散热器73,冷却液在第一散热器73进行热交换后,流回充配电/电机总成72与车辆的电机电控进行热交换。
工质循环回流有吸热需求,同时高压热管理子系统201有散热需求,且高压热管理子系统201的散热需求高于工质循环回流的吸热需求时,高压热管理子系统201可按第二工况运行。从充配电/电机总成72流出的高温冷却液流入第二流道,与流经第一流道的低温工质进行热交换,将车辆的电机电控产生的热量传递到工质循环回流,而冷却液的温度在经过一次热交换后还是较高,因此冷却液即系流向第一散热器73,与车外环境进行第二次热交换,进行散热。车辆的电机电控产生的热量进行了有效利用,提升了热管理系统100的加热能力的同时还可降低热管理系统100的能耗。
除此之外,工质循环回流有吸热需求,同时高压热管理子系统201产生的热量不足,且冷却液的温度低于车外环境的温度时,高压热管理子系统201也可按第二工况运行。冷却液在第一散热器73与车外环境进行热交换,提升冷却液的温度,冷却液再经过循环回路流向充配电/电机总成72和第四换热器71,与流经第一流道的低温工质进行热交换,将车外环境的热量传递到工质循环回流以及高压热管理子系统201。可对热量进行有效利用,提升了热管理系统100的加热能力的同时还可降低热管理系统100的能耗。
高压热管理子系统201还包括混合工况,在混合工况,第一回路和第二回路同时循环。从充配电/电机总成72流出的冷却液在水泵75的作用下流向第三换热器14,冷却液在第三换热器14的第二流道中与第一流道中的工质换热后,部分直接流回充配电/电机总成72与车辆的电机电控进行热交换,另外部分流向第一散热器73,冷却液在第一散热器73进行热交换后,流回充配电/电机总成72与车辆的电机电控进行热交换。
工质循环回流有吸热需求,同时高压热管理子系统201有散热需求,且工质循环回流的吸热需求高于高压热管理子系统201的散热需求时,高压热管理子系统201可按混合工况运行。
从充配电/电机总成72流出的高温冷却液流入第二流道,与流经第一流道的低温工质进行热交换,将车辆的电机电控产生的热量传递到工质循环回流,经过热交换的冷却液部分流回充配电/电机总成72,另外与部分冷却 液即流向第一散热器73,与车外环境进行第二次热交换,进行散热。车辆的电机电控产生的热量进行了有效利用,提升了热管理系统100的加热能力的同时还可降低热管理系统100的能耗。
高压热管理子系统201具有第一工况、第二工况和混合工况,而第一工况、第二工况和混合工况循环回流中的冷却剂均对工质循环回流中的工质加热。因此热管理系统100在不同工况下工作还可配合高压热管理子系统201的不同工况进行工作。
比如,在仅有乘员舱采暖的工况时,可与高压热管理子系统201的第一工况、第二工况和混合工况相互配合。
在本申请的一些实施例中,热管系统还包括发动机热管理子系统202,所述发动机热管理子系统202包括第五换热器76和冷却液循环系统,所述第五换热器76包括第三流道和第四流道,所述第三流道与所述冷却液循环系统连接,所述第四流道的一端选择性的与所述第二端b和所述第一换热器124连通,所述第四流道的另一端与所述第三换热器1433连接。
在本申请的一些实施例中,发动机热管理子系统202还包括:发动机总成77和第二散热器78,发动机总成77与车辆的发动机进行热交换,发动机总成77连接在冷却液循环系统和第二散热器78之间。第二散热器78适于与车外环境进行热交换。
根据本申请实施例的车辆1000,包括上述任一项的热管理系统100。
根据本申请实施例的车辆1000,通过设置上述热管理系统100,可以减少维修、更换电池的次数,提升车辆的充电效率和使用便利性,同时便于实现车辆的合理化布局。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (41)

  1. 一种控制方法,适用于热管理系统,其特征在于,所述控制方法包括:
    获取换热信号;
    控制所述热管理系统中的第一干路和所述热管理系统中的第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行热交换,所述第一干路用于与电池的第一区域热交换,所述第二干路用于与所述电池的第二区域热交换,所述第一区域和所述第二区域不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一区域和所述第二区域的其中的一者的温度高于另一者的温度;
    或者所述第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;
    或者所述第一区域为电池的电极区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,当满足第一条件时,控制所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行冷却;
    所述第一条件包括:电池温度≥第一温度阈值、充电功率≥第一功率阈值、放电功率≥第二功率阈值、充电电压≥第一电压阈值、放电电压≥第二电压阈值、充电电流≥第一电流阈值、放电电流≥第二电流阈值、用户冷却指令中的至少一者。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,当满足第二条件时,控制所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一个与电池进行加热;
    所述第二条件包括:电池温度≤第二温度阈值、放电功率≤第三功率阈值、放电电压≤第三电压阈值、放电电流≤第三电流阈值、电池自加热结束、用户加热指令中的至少一者。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一换热单元和所述第二换热单元的换热参数不同;第一换热单元适于与所述第一区域热交换且设置于所述第一干路,第二换热单元适于与所述第二区域热交换且所述设置于所述第二干路。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述换热参数不同包括:换热量不同,或者换热效率不同。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一干路的流量与所述第二干路的流量不同。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一干路的压力和所述第二干路的压力不同以使得所述流量不同。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    当满足第三条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第三条件包括:第一区域的温升速率VH≥第一速率阈值,或
    所述第一区域的温度温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率差值V0≥第一温升阈值,或
    所述第一区域的温度TH与所述第二区域的温度TL的差值T0≥第三温度阈值,T0=TH-TL
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一区域的温度TH为电池的最高温度,所述第二区域的温度TL为电池的最低温度。
  13. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    当满足第四条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一者对所述电池冷却,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第四条件包括:电池温度≥第四温度阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第四条件包括:电池充电功率≥第一阈值,电池放电功率≥第二阈值、电机功率≥第三阈值中的至少一者。
  16. 根据权利要求13或14所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第四条件包括:充电电压≥第三电压阈值、放电电压≥第四电压阈值中的至少一者。
  17. 根据权利要求13或14所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第四条件包括:充电电流≥第四电流阈值、放电电流≥第五电流阈值中的至少一者。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第四条件包括电池自加热结束、用户输入的分区冷却指令中的至少一者。
  19. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    当满足第五条件时,所述第一干路和所述第二干路中的至少一者对所述电池加热,所述第一干路和所述第二干路的换热参数不同。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第五条件包括:电池温度≤第五温度阈值。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第五条件包括:电池充电功率≤第四阈值、电池放电功率≤第五阈值中的至少一者。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第五条件包括:放电电压≤第五电压阈值、放电电流≤第六电流阈值中的至少一者。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第五条件包括:充电电压≤第六电压 阈值、充电电流≤第七电流阈值、用户输入的分区加热指令的至少一者。
  24. 根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第一区域优先冷却;其中所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
  25. 根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,当满足第六条件时,对所述第一区域优先冷却。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第六条件包括:所述第一区域的温度与所述第二区域的温度的差值≥第一温差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值,或者所述第一区域的温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第一速差阈值且电池温度≥第四温度阈值。
  27. 根据权利要求24-26中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:
    所述第一干路的换热介质的流量大于所述第二干路的换热介质的流量。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第一干路的换热介质的流量与所述第二干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第一流量阈值。
  29. 根据权利要求24-26中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:
    所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度低于所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。
  30. 根据权利要求24-26中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第一区域优先冷却包括:
    所述第一干路的出口端的压力小于所述第二干路的出口端的压力。
  31. 根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第二区域优先加热;所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
  32. 根据权利要求1-23中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,当满足第七条件时,对所述第二区域优先加热。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第七条件包括:所述第一区域的温度与所述第二区域的温度的差值≥第二温差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度阈值,或者所述第一区域的温升速率与所述第二区域的温升速率的差值≥第二速差阈值且电池温度≤第五温度阈值。
  34. 根据权利要求31-33中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,控制对所述第二区域优先加热包括:
    所述第二干路的换热介质的流量大于所述第一干路的换热介质的流量。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第二干路的换热介质的流量与所述第一干路的换热介质的流量的差值≥第二流量阈值。
  36. 根据权利要求31-33中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,控制对所述第二区域优先加热包括:
    所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度高于所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第二干路的入口端的换热介质的温度与所述第一干路的入口端的换热介质的温度的差值≥第六阈值。
  38. 根据权利要求31-33中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,对所述第二区域优先加热包括:
    所述第二干路的出口端的压力大于所述第一干路的出口端的压力。
  39. 根据权利要求24-38中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,
    当满足第八条件时,停止对第一区域优先冷却,和/或停止对第二区域优先加热;所述电池的第一区域的温度高于第二区域的温度;或者所述电池的第一区域的温升速率高于第二区域的温升速率;或者所述电池的第一区域为电池的电极区域,所述电池的第二区域为电池的非电极区域。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的热管理系统的控制方法,其特征在于,所述第八条件包括:所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温差小于第七阈值;或
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温升速率相同;或
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域的温升速率的差值小于第八阈值。
  41. 一种车辆,其特征在于,执行根据权利要求1-40中任一项所述的热管理系统的控制方法。
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