WO2024066274A1 - 加样器 - Google Patents

加样器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024066274A1
WO2024066274A1 PCT/CN2023/085965 CN2023085965W WO2024066274A1 WO 2024066274 A1 WO2024066274 A1 WO 2024066274A1 CN 2023085965 W CN2023085965 W CN 2023085965W WO 2024066274 A1 WO2024066274 A1 WO 2024066274A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
opening
container
reagent
screw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/085965
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卓力
Original Assignee
时新(上海)产品设计有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 时新(上海)产品设计有限公司 filed Critical 时新(上海)产品设计有限公司
Publication of WO2024066274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024066274A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N35/1002—Reagent dispensers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
    • G01N35/1016—Control of the volume dispensed or introduced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of weighing and sampling, in particular to a sample adder.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a sampler.
  • a sampler mechanism in a rotatable container, sampling in the container is realized, and the contamination of the reagent sampled outside the container and the reagent dropping or scattering that may be caused during the moving process of sampling are avoided, which can not only greatly improve the sampling efficiency, but also effectively avoid the waste of reagents;
  • a first channel and a first screw in the sampler mechanism not only can the mass flow rate of the sampling reagent be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first screw, so as to accurately weigh and sample the reagent, especially the powder reagent, but also realize the automation of reagent weighing and sampling, thereby avoiding the weighing error and reagent contamination caused by manual weighing and sampling;
  • by rotating the container during the sampler addition process not only can the reagent in the container flow to prevent backlog and agglomeration, but also the reagent in the container can smoothly enter the first channel of
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample injector.
  • the sample injector includes: a container, which is suitable for containing a reagent and is driven to rotate; a sample injector mechanism, which is at least partially arranged in the container and includes: a first channel, which has a first channel first opening connected to the container to allow the reagent in the container to enter the first channel, and a first channel second opening connected to the outside of the first channel to allow the reagent to leave the first channel; at least one first screw, which is arranged in the first channel and is suitable for being driven to rotate in a first direction to transport the reagent in the first channel to the first channel second opening, and by adjusting its own rotation speed to control the mass flow rate of the reagent leaving through the first channel second opening; wherein the rotation speed of the container is less than the rotation speed of the first screw.
  • the sample adder also includes a driving mechanism;
  • the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a second gear coaxially connected to the driving motor, a third gear and a fourth gear respectively meshing and transmitting with the second gear;
  • the third gear is coaxially connected to the first screw;
  • the fourth gear is coaxially connected to the container;
  • the second gear is suitable for rotating under the drive of the driving motor and driving the third gear to drive the first screw to rotate at a first speed along the first direction, and driving the fourth gear to drive the container to rotate at a second speed along the first direction; wherein the diameter ratio of the third gear to the fourth gear is equal to the speed ratio of the second speed to the first speed.
  • the container includes a container mouth; the sampler also includes an interface mechanism suitable for connecting the container mouth and the sample loading mechanism; the interface mechanism includes an interface that passes through the axial direction of the container mouth, and a support member and a bearing member that are sequentially sleeved in the interface; the interface is detachably sleeved on the outer periphery of the container mouth, and there is a gap between the interface and the support member so as to be suitable for receiving the side wall of the container mouth; the bearing member is sleeved outside the sample loading mechanism; a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are respectively arranged between the support member and the bearing member, and between the support member and the side wall of the container mouth to seal the interface mechanism with the sample loading mechanism and the container mouth, respectively.
  • the injector further comprises a second channel and at least one second screw disposed in the second channel: the second channel has a second channel first opening communicated with the first channel second opening to allow the reagent in the first channel to enter the second channel, a second channel second opening communicated with the outside to allow the reagent to leave the second channel, and a second channel second opening communicated with the container
  • the third opening of the second channel connected to the container allows the reagent to leave the second channel and return to the container;
  • the second screw is meshed and driven to the first screw so that when the first screw rotates along the first direction, the second screw is driven by the first screw to rotate along the second direction, thereby transporting the reagent in the second channel to the second opening of the second channel and the third opening of the second channel; wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the first opening of the first channel is located at the middle side of the first channel; the second opening of the first channel is located at the lower side of the first channel; the first opening of the second channel is located at the lower side of the second channel; the second opening of the second channel is located at the bottom end of the second channel; and the third opening of the second channel is located at the upper side of the second channel.
  • the top end of the first screw extends outside the first channel; the top end of the second screw extends outside the second channel; the sampler also includes an end cam coaxially connected to the top end of the first screw, and a first gear coaxially connected to the top end of the second screw; the end cam is meshingly connected to the first gear; the end cam is suitable for rotating along the first direction driven by the first screw when the first screw rotates along the first direction, and drives the first gear to drive the second screw to rotate along the second direction.
  • the sample adder also includes a top cover arranged above the first channel and the second channel, and an elastic member and a cam fitting member located sequentially between the top cover and the end face cam and suitable only for moving along the axial direction of the first screw;
  • the cam fitting member is suitable for reciprocating along the axial direction of the first screw under the drive of the end face cam when the end face cam rotates along the first direction, and for limiting the rotation of the end face cam along the second direction when the end face cam rotates along the second direction;
  • the elastic member is suitable for compressing and releasing the compression under the action of the cam fitting member when the end face cam rotates along the first direction.
  • the end of the end face cam facing the cam matching piece has a pair of first inclined surfaces and a pair of first vertical surfaces; the end of the cam matching piece facing the end face cam has a pair of second inclined surfaces and a pair of second vertical surfaces; wherein the first inclined surface is engaged with the second inclined surface, and the first vertical surface is engaged with the second vertical surface; when the end face cam rotates along the first direction, the first vertical surface moves away from the second vertical surface engaged with it, the first inclined surface rotates relative to the second inclined surface engaged with it and pushes the cam matching piece to reciprocate along the axial direction of the first screw; when the end face cam rotates along the second direction, the second vertical surface blocks the first vertical surface engaged with it The end face cam is rotated to limit the end face cam from rotating along the second direction.
  • the cam fitting includes a guide block arranged on its side; the side of the top cover has a guide groove extending along the axial direction of the first screw to receive the guide block and allow the guide block to reciprocate therein along the axial direction of the first screw.
  • the top end of the first screw rod passes through the end face cam and the cam fitting in sequence and extends to the top of the cam fitting;
  • the cam fitting has a support edge on which its inner ring is arranged;
  • the elastic member includes a spring; the spring is sleeved outside the top end of the first screw rod and its two ends are respectively abutted against the inner end face of the top cover and the support edge, and is suitable for compressing when the cam fitting moves upward along the axial direction of the first screw rod, and releasing the compression to make the cam fitting move downward along the axial direction of the first screw rod, so that the cam fitting is suitable for reciprocating along the axial direction of the first screw rod.
  • the sample injector also includes an outlet valve suitable for closing and opening the second opening of the second channel; the outlet valve is rotatably connected to one end of the second channel close to the second opening of the second channel, and is suitable for being driven to rotate along a third direction to close the second opening of the second channel, and to rotate along a fourth direction to open the second opening of the second channel; wherein the fourth direction is opposite to the third direction.
  • the outlet valve includes a closing portion; the closing portion includes a sealing member suitable for being arranged facing the second opening of the second channel; the sealing member is suitable for gradually approaching and facing the second opening of the second channel when the outlet valve rotates along the third direction so as to be suitable for being embedded in the second opening of the second channel to close it, and for disengaging from the second opening of the second channel and moving away from the second opening of the second channel to open the outlet valve when the outlet valve rotates along the fourth direction.
  • the sample injector further comprises a hook block arranged on the outer side of the second channel;
  • the outlet valve comprises a hook portion connected to the closing portion and bent relative to the closing portion so as to be adapted to face the side of the second channel;
  • the hook portion comprises a hook groove arranged toward the hook block;
  • the hook groove is adapted to move toward the hook block when the outlet valve rotates along the third direction and be limited by the hook block when moving to the hook block so that the sealing member is arranged to face the second opening of the second channel, and when the outlet valve rotates along the fourth direction Leave the hook block.
  • the hook groove when the hook groove is limited by the hook block, the hook groove abuts against the bottom of the hook block to limit the upward movement of the outlet valve.
  • sampling in the container is achieved, avoiding reagent contamination outside the container and possible reagent dropping or scattering during the sampling movement process, which can not only greatly improve the sampling efficiency but also effectively avoid reagent waste.
  • rotating the container during the sample addition process can not only make the reagent in the container flow to prevent backlog and agglomeration, but also make the reagent in the container smoothly enter the first channel of the sample addition mechanism, and then smoothly output the reagent through the first screw rotating in the first channel.
  • the connection position between the sample adder mechanism and the container be limited, but also the sample adder mechanism and the container can be easily assembled and the assembly stability can be maintained.
  • the container and/or the sample adding mechanism can be quickly replaced to quickly replace the reagents, saving time and effort.
  • the input speed and output speed of the reagent in the first channel can be coordinated, so that the output dosage of the reagent can be better controlled.
  • first screws and/or second screws may be provided, so as to meet the weighing and sampling requirements of different types of reagents and reagents of different target masses.
  • the sampler is suitable for sampling both large and small doses of reagents, especially for sampling of reagents with doses of 0.1 mg to 100 mg or even 2 mg and below, automatic sampling can be achieved with high sampling accuracy.
  • an outlet valve suitable for opening and closing the second opening of the second channel may be provided to effectively prevent leakage of reagents in the loading mechanism when not in use and entry of external moisture, especially leakage of reagents when encountering air flow, vibration, shaking or static electricity.
  • the sample injector provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a sophisticated structure and occupies little space, which is conducive to saving space and cost.
  • FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a sample loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a sample loading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is another partial schematic diagram of the sample adding mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sample loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an end face cam in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam matching member in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an outlet valve according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the outlet valve is in a closed state;
  • FIG8 is another schematic diagram of an outlet valve in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the outlet valve is in an open state;
  • FIG9 is a partial schematic diagram of a sample adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the outlet valve is in a closed state;
  • FIG10 is another partial schematic diagram of the sample adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the outlet valve is in an open state;
  • FIG11 is a third partial schematic diagram of the sample loading mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein only the lower portion of the third channel is shown, and the upper portion is not shown;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a sample injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sample injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG15 is a partial schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the sample adding device according to the present invention.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein only the closed state of the locking mechanism is illustrated, and the state in which the locking mechanism locks the sample loading mechanism is not illustrated;
  • FIG 17 is another schematic diagram of the locking mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the locking mechanism is in an open state;
  • FIG18 is a cross-sectional view of a sample adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram of a sample loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a sample loading mechanism 100 , a sample loading device 200 , a sample loading apparatus 300 , a sample loading device 400 , and a sample loading system 500 .
  • a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a sample loading mechanism 100 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 includes a delivery channel 111, 126 and a delivery mechanism.
  • the delivery channel 111, 126 has a first delivery channel opening 111a, 126a that is connected to an external container 211 to allow the reagent in the container 211 to enter the delivery channel 111, 126, and a second delivery channel opening 111b that is connected to the outside of the delivery channel 111, 126 to allow the reagent to leave the delivery channel 111, 126.
  • the delivery mechanism is arranged in the delivery channel 111, 126, and is suitable for being driven to move and transport the reagent in the delivery channel 111, 126 to the second delivery channel opening 111b, and controlling the mass flow of the reagent leaving through the second delivery channel opening 111b by adjusting the speed of its own movement.
  • the conveying channel 111 , 126 may include a first channel 111
  • the conveying channel first opening 111 a , 126 a may include a first channel first opening 111 a
  • the conveying channel second opening 111 b may include a first channel second opening 111 b
  • the conveying mechanism includes at least one first screw 112 disposed in the first channel 111 .
  • each of the at least one first screw 112 is suitable for being driven to rotate in a first direction to transport the reagent in the first channel 111 to the first channel second opening 111b, and to control the mass flow rate of the reagent leaving through the first channel second opening 111b by adjusting its own rotation speed.
  • the mass of the reagent transported by the first screw 112 per unit time can be controlled, thereby controlling the rate at which the reagent leaves the first channel 111.
  • Mass flow rate refers to the mass of the reagent leaving through the first channel second opening 111b of the first channel 111 per unit time.
  • the mass flow rate of the output reagent can be obtained in combination with the time of outputting the reagent.
  • the mass flow rate of the sampling reagent can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first screw 112, so that the reagent, especially the powder reagent, can be accurately weighed and sampled; on the other hand, the automation of reagent sampling is realized, thereby avoiding the weighing error and reagent contamination caused by manual weighing and sampling.
  • the relationship between the mass flow rate of various reagents and the rotation speed of the first screw 112 can be obtained through experiments. That is, the mass flow rates of various reagents can be measured at different rotation speeds of the first screw 112, and then the relationship between the mass flow rates of various reagents and the rotation speed of the first screw 112 can be obtained.
  • the specific experimental process can be implemented by any conventional technical means known in the art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 may further include a second channel 113 and at least one second screw 114 disposed in the second channel 113 .
  • the second channel 113 has a second channel first opening 113a connected to the first channel second opening 111b to allow the reagent in the first channel 111 to enter the second channel 113, a second channel second opening 113b connected to the outside to allow the reagent to leave the second channel 113, and a second channel third opening 113c connected to the container 211 to allow the reagent to leave the second channel 113 and return to the container 211.
  • the second screw 114 is meshed and transmission-connected with the first screw 112, so as to rotate along the second direction driven by the first screw 112, and transport the reagent in the second channel 113 to the second channel second opening 113b and the second channel third opening 113c.
  • the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the mass of the reagent transported by the first screw 112 per unit time can be controlled, thereby controlling the mass flow rate of the reagent leaving the first channel 111 and entering the second channel 113, and further controlling the mass flow rate of the reagent leaving the second channel 113.
  • the mass flow rate of the reagent leaving the second channel 113 refers to the mass flow rate of the reagent passing through the first channel 111 per unit time.
  • excess reagent in the first channel 111 can enter the second channel 113 and be sent back to the container 211 through the second screw 114 in the second channel 113, thereby avoiding the accumulation and agglomeration of reagents in the first channel 111 and the influence of the accumulation and agglomeration of reagents on the rotation and speed of the first screw 112, thereby enabling the reagent to be smoothly output.
  • the first channel first opening 111a may be disposed at the middle side of the first channel 111 and communicated with the container 211; the first channel second opening 111b may be disposed at the lower side of the first channel 111.
  • the second channel first opening 113a may be disposed at the lower side of the second channel 113 and communicated with the first channel second opening 111b; the second channel second opening 113b may be disposed at the bottom end of the second channel 113 and communicated with the outside of the sample loading mechanism 100; the second channel third opening 113c may be disposed at the upper side of the second channel 113 and communicated with the container 211.
  • excess reagent can be returned to the container 211 to avoid reagent accumulation in the sample loading mechanism 100 , thereby facilitating reagent flow and further facilitating the output of the reagent through the sample loading mechanism 100 .
  • the pitch, diameter and rotation speed of the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 can be customized based on the specific conditions of the reagent, which may include the type of reagent, the particle size of the reagent and the delivery dosage of the reagent.
  • the pitch difference, diameter difference and rotation speed difference between the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 are all greater than 0. In this way, it is convenient for the reagent to be outputted outward through the sample loading mechanism 100 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 may include a first screw rod 112 and a second screw rod 114.
  • the first screw rod 112 and the second screw rod 114 are meshed and transmission-connected. Specific examples can be shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 may include at least two first screws 112 and one second screw 114.
  • the second screw 114 is meshed and transmission-connected with one of the at least two first screws 112.
  • FIG. 3 A specific example is shown in which the sample loading mechanism 100 includes two first screws 112 and one second screw 114.
  • the loading mechanism 100 may include a first screw rod 112 and at least two second screw rods 114.
  • the first screw rod 112 is meshed and driven with one of the at least two second screw rods 114.
  • the at least two second screw rods 114 are synchronously rotated with each other, so that the second screw rod 114 meshed with the first screw rod 112 drives the other second screw rods 114 to rotate synchronously.
  • the loading mechanism 100 may include at least two first screws 112 and at least two second screws 114. Among them, one of the at least two second screws 114 is meshingly connected with one of the at least two first screws 112, and each of the at least two second screws 114 is synchronously connected in rotation, so that the second screw 114 meshingly connected with the first screw 112 drives the other second screws 114 to be synchronously connected in rotation.
  • the second screw rods 114 that rotate synchronously may be connected in any manner known in the art, which is not limited herein.
  • the second screw rods 114 that rotate synchronously may be connected by planetary gears.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 may include at least two first screws 112 that are synchronously rotatably connected.
  • first screw rods 112 that rotate synchronously may be connected in any manner known in the art, which is not limited here.
  • the first screw rods 112 that rotate synchronously may also be connected by planetary gears.
  • the second screw rod 114 is meshed and transmission-connected with the first screw rod 112, and is adapted to rotate in a second direction driven by the first screw rod 112.
  • the second direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the first screw rod 112, that is, the first direction.
  • the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 in meshing transmission connection may be arranged parallel to each other, and the top end of the first screw 112 extends outside the first channel 111 , and the top end of the second screw 114 extends outside the second channel 113 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 includes an end cam 115 coaxially rotatably connected to the top end of the first screw rod 112 , and a first gear 116 coaxially rotatably connected to the top end of the second screw rod 114 .
  • the end cam 115 is meshed and transmission-connected with the first gear 116.
  • the first screw 112 is suitable for being driven by the driving mechanism 310 outside the sample loading mechanism 100 through its bottom end, so that the first screw 112 rotates in a first direction, and at the same time drives the end cam 115 to rotate in the first direction, thereby driving the first gear 116 to rotate in a second direction, and further driving the second screw 114 to rotate in the second direction.
  • the first direction may be counterclockwise or clockwise, and correspondingly, the second direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 are arranged to be parallel to each other and meshingly connected, so that the first screw 112 can drive the second screw 114 to rotate in the second direction when rotating in the first direction, not only the simultaneous sample feeding (i.e., reagent output) and sample return (i.e., reagent returns to the container 211) are achieved, but also the additional driving source for driving the second screw 114 is eliminated, thereby saving the space and cost of the product.
  • sample feeding refers to outputting the reagent in the container 211 to the outside of the container 211 through the sample adding mechanism 100
  • sample return refers to sending the reagent in the first channel 111 back to the container 211 through the second screw 114 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include a rotation limiting mechanism to limit the reverse rotation of the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 .
  • the loading mechanism 100 further includes a top cover 117 disposed above the first channel 111 and the second channel 113, and an elastic member 118 and a cam matching member 119 sequentially located between the top cover 117 and the end face cam 115.
  • the elastic member 118 and the cam matching member 119 are only suitable for moving along the axial direction of the first screw rod 112.
  • the cam fitting 119 is adapted to reciprocate along the axial direction of the first screw rod 112 under the drive of the end face cam 115 when the end face cam 115 rotates in the first direction, and to limit the rotation of the end face cam 115 in the second direction when the end face cam 115 rotates in the second direction.
  • the elastic member 118 is adapted to be compressed and released under the action of the cam fitting 119 when the end face cam 115 rotates in the first direction.
  • the cam fitting 119 further includes a guide block 119c disposed on the side thereof.
  • the guide groove is adapted to receive the guide block 119 c and allow the guide block 119 c to reciprocate therein along the axial direction of the first screw rod 112 .
  • the elastic member 118 may include a spring. Accordingly, the top end of the first screw rod 112 passes through the end cam 115 and the cam fitting member 119 in sequence, and extends to the top of the cam fitting member 119.
  • the cam fitting member 119 has a support edge 119d disposed on its inner circle to support the spring.
  • the spring is sleeved outside the top end of the first screw rod 112 and its two ends are respectively in contact with the inner end surface of the top cover 117 and the support edge 119d.
  • the spring can be adapted to be compressed upward when the cam fitting 119 moves upward along the axis direction of the first screw rod 112, and to release the compression downward when the cam fitting 119 moves to the top, so that the cam fitting 119 moves downward along the axis direction of the first screw rod 112, thereby enabling the cam fitting 119 to reciprocate along the axis direction of the first screw rod 112.
  • the end cam 115 has a pair of first inclined surfaces 115a and a pair of first vertical surfaces 115b at one end thereof facing the cam fitting 119.
  • the cam fitting 119 has a pair of second inclined surfaces 119a and a pair of second vertical surfaces 119b at one end thereof facing the end cam 115.
  • the two first inclined surfaces 115a in the pair of first inclined surfaces 115a each cover a half circle of the end cam 115; the two second inclined surfaces 119a in the pair of second inclined surfaces 119a each cover a half circle of the cam fitting 119.
  • a high point A of one first slope 115a of a pair of first slopes 115a is adjacent to a low point B of the other first slope 115a and connected via a first vertical surface 115b, while a low point B of one first slope 115a is adjacent to a high point A of the other first slope 115a and connected via another first vertical surface 115b.
  • the high point C of one second slope 119a of a pair of second slopes 119a is adjacent to the low point D of the other second slope 119a and connected through a second vertical surface 119b, while the low point D of one second slope 119a is adjacent to the high point C of the other second slope 119a and connected through another second vertical surface 119b.
  • the first inclined surface 115a is opposite to and connected with the second inclined surface 119a
  • the first vertical surface 115b is opposite to and connected with the second vertical surface 119b.
  • the second inclined surface 119 a is joined, the high point A of the first inclined surface 115 a is joined with the low point D of the second inclined surface 119 a , and the low point B of the first inclined surface 115 a is joined with the high point C of the second inclined surface 119 a .
  • the end face cam 115 rotates half a circle in the first direction
  • the first vertical surface 115b rotates in a direction away from the second vertical surface 119b
  • the first vertical surface 115b is separated from the second vertical surface 119b
  • the first inclined surface 115a rotates relative to the second inclined surface 119a
  • the high point A of the first inclined surface 115a is connected with the low point D of the second inclined surface 119a
  • the high point A of the first inclined surface 115a is connected with the high point C of the second inclined surface 119a
  • the cam fitting 119 moves from the bottom to the top.
  • the end cam 115 rotates one circle in the first direction
  • the cam fitting 119 completes one up-and-down reciprocating motion along the axis direction of the first screw rod 112
  • the elastic member 118 completes one compression and release of the compression.
  • the end cam 115 rotates one circle or more in the first direction
  • the cam fitting 119 completes one or more reciprocating motion along the axis direction of the first screw rod 119
  • the elastic member 118 completes one or more compression and release of the compression.
  • the first inclined surface 115a is engaged with the second inclined surface 119a
  • the first vertical surface 115b is opposite to and engaged with the second vertical surface 119b
  • the second vertical surface 119 can only move up and down along the axis direction of the first screw rod 112, but cannot rotate in the first direction or the second direction
  • the first vertical surface 115a abuts against the second vertical surface 119b
  • the second vertical surface 119b blocks the first vertical surface 115b from rotating in the second direction, thereby limiting the end face cam 115 from rotating in the second direction.
  • the reverse rotation of the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 can be restricted.
  • the first screw 112 and the second screw 114 are forced to rotate in the reverse direction, the first screw 112 and/or the second screw 114 will be damaged due to the restriction of the cam fitting 119, thereby destroying the sample adding mechanism 100.
  • the sample adding mechanism 100 cannot be reused, and a sample adding mechanism 100 can only be used as a disposable dedicated conveying device for a reagent, thereby avoiding the reuse of the sample adding mechanism 100, thereby preventing problems such as reagent cross contamination or reagent misuse caused by repeated use.
  • sample loading mechanism 100 does not include a rotation limiting mechanism, the sample loading mechanism 100 can be reused.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 further includes an outlet valve 120 adapted to close and open the second opening 113 b of the second channel, so as to effectively prevent leakage of the reagent in the sample loading mechanism 100 .
  • the outlet valve 120 is rotatably connected to one end of the second channel 113 near the second channel second opening 113b, and is adapted to be driven to rotate along a third direction to close the second channel second opening 113b, and to rotate along a fourth direction to open the second channel second opening 113b.
  • the fourth direction is opposite to the third direction.
  • the third direction may be counterclockwise or clockwise. Accordingly, the fourth direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the outlet valve 120 includes a closing portion 121.
  • the closing portion 121 includes a sealing member that is adapted to be disposed facing the second channel second opening 113b.
  • the sealing member is adapted to gradually approach and face the second channel second opening 113b when the outlet valve 120 rotates along the third direction so as to be adapted to be embedded in the second channel second opening 113b and close it, and to be disengaged from the second channel second opening 113b and away from the second channel second opening 113b and open the second channel second opening 113b when the outlet valve 120 rotates along the fourth direction.
  • the seal may be matched with the second opening 113b of the second channel.
  • the silicone cover is adapted to be embedded in the second opening 113b of the second channel to close it.
  • the loading mechanism 100 further includes a hook block 123 disposed outside the second channel 113.
  • the outlet valve 120 further includes a hook portion 122 connected to the closing portion 121 and bent relative to the closing portion 121 to be adapted to face the side of the second channel 113.
  • the hook portion 122 includes a hook groove 122a disposed toward the hook block 123.
  • the hook groove 122a is adapted to move toward the hook block 123 when the outlet valve 120 rotates along the third direction, and when moving to the hook block 123, the hook groove 122a is limited by the hook block 123 so that the sealing member is disposed facing the second opening 113b of the second channel and is embedded in the second opening 113b of the second channel, and when the outlet valve 120 rotates along the fourth direction, the hook groove 122a leaves the hook block 123.
  • the hook groove 122a when the hook groove 122a is limited by the hook block 123, the hook groove 122a abuts against the bottom of the hook block 123. In this way, the outlet valve 120 can be restricted from moving upward, so that the sealing member is stably embedded in the second opening 113b of the second channel.
  • the loading mechanism 100 further includes a channel housing 124 adapted to at least partially accommodate the first channel 111 and the second channel 113.
  • the first channel 111 and the second channel 113 are at least partially sleeved in the channel housing 124.
  • the lower side of the channel housing 124 has a triggering portion 125 adapted to be provided with a sensing mechanism 316 facing the outside of the channel housing 124.
  • the sensing mechanism 316 is connected to the outlet valve 120, and is adapted to trigger the outlet valve 120 to move along the third direction to close the second opening 113b of the second channel when it contacts the triggering portion 125, and to trigger the outlet valve 120 to move along the fourth direction to open the second opening 113b of the second channel when it is out of contact with the triggering portion 125.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 further includes an outlet valve motor 317 connected to the outlet valve 120 and the sensing mechanism 316.
  • the outlet valve motor 317 is triggered to control the outlet valve 120 to move along the third direction; when the sensing mechanism 316 is out of contact with the triggering portion 125, the outlet valve motor 310 is triggered to control the outlet valve 120 to move along the fourth direction.
  • the sensing mechanism 316 may be a micro switch.
  • the outlet valve motor 317 may be a servo motor.
  • the top cover 117 can be installed on the top of the channel housing 124 .
  • the delivery channels 111 , 126 include a third channel 126
  • the delivery channel first openings 111 a , 126 a include a third channel first opening 126 a
  • the delivery channel second opening 111 b includes a third channel second opening.
  • the conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt 127 disposed in the third channel 126; the conveyor belt 126 is suitable for being driven to transmit, and during the transmission process, receives the reagent from the first opening 126a of the third channel and transmits the reagent to the second opening of the third channel.
  • the conveyor belt 126 includes a first conveying section 126a and a second conveying section 126b which are continuously changed.
  • the first conveying section 126a is suitable for conveying the reagent to the second opening of the third channel; the second conveying section 126b is suitable for returning the reagent that does not leave through the second opening of the third channel to the third channel 126.
  • the conveyor belt 126 is annular, and any section of the conveyor belt 126 continuously produces displacement changes during the transmission process. Therefore, the position of the first conveyor section 126a suitable for conveying the reagent to the second opening of the third channel on the conveyor belt 126 changes continuously, and the position of the second conveyor section 126b suitable for returning the reagent that has not left through the second opening of the third channel to the third channel 126 on the conveyor belt 126 also changes continuously.
  • the third channel 126 includes a third channel third opening communicating with the container 211 to allow the reagent that does not leave through the third channel second opening to return to the container 211 .
  • the first opening 126a of the third channel can be set at the middle side of the third channel 126, and connected to the container 211 to receive the reagent in the container 211;
  • the second opening of the third channel can be set at the bottom of the third channel, and connected to the outside of the sample loading mechanism 100 to output the reagent;
  • the third opening of the third channel can be set at the upper side of the third channel, and connected to the container 211 so that the reagent in the third channel 126 can return to the container 211.
  • a plurality of grooves 127c may be provided on the conveyor belt 127 to facilitate the conveyor belt 127 to receive and transport reagents.
  • the volume of the delivery channel and the size of each opening thereof are The size can be customized, and the movement speed of the conveying mechanism in the conveying channel can also be adjusted. Therefore, the sample adding mechanism 100 is suitable for both large and small doses of reagent sampling.
  • sampling devices in the current prior art require multiple small-scale manual operations for sampling of doses below 10 mg, and the sampling results have low accuracy and large errors.
  • a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a sample injector 200 .
  • the sample injector 200 includes a container 211 and a sample injecting mechanism 100 .
  • the container 211 is suitable for containing a reagent.
  • the sample injecting mechanism 100 is at least partially disposed in the container 211 and communicated with the outside of the container 211 to transport the reagent in the container 211 to the outside of the container 211 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 may include the sample loading mechanism 100 provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the container 211 and the sample loading mechanism 100 may be connected via an interface mechanism 220 .
  • the container 211 includes a container mouth.
  • the interface mechanism 220 includes an interface 221 penetrating along the axial direction of the container mouth, and a support member 222 and a bearing member 223 sequentially sleeved in the interface 221 .
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 is inserted into the bearing member 223; the interface 221 is detachably sleeved on the outer circumference of the container mouth; and there is a gap between the interface 221 and the support member 222 to receive the side wall 211a of the container mouth.
  • a first sealing ring 224 and a second sealing ring 225 are respectively provided between the support member 222 and the bearing member 223 and between the support member 222 and the side wall 211a of the container opening, so that the interface mechanism 220 is sealedly connected to the sample loading mechanism 100 and the container opening respectively.
  • the interface 221 may be connected to the outer periphery of the container mouth by a threaded connection.
  • the loading mechanism 100 further includes a channel housing 124 adapted to at least partially receive the first channel 111 and the second channel 113, and a limit block 124a is further disposed on the outer side of the channel housing 124 to limit the position of the loading mechanism 100 passing through the interface mechanism 220, thereby limiting The connection position between the sample loading mechanism 100 and the container 211.
  • the upper end surface of the bearing member 223 may be recessed downward relative to the upper end surface of the support member 222 and is suitable for receiving and accommodating the stop block 124a. Meanwhile, the first sealing ring 224 may be disposed between the stop block 124a and the upper end surface of the bearing member 223.
  • the position of the sample loading mechanism 100 inserted into the interface mechanism 220 be limited to define the connection position between the sample loading mechanism 100 and the container 211 , but the sample loading mechanism 100 can also be stably fixed to the interface mechanism 220 , thereby ensuring a stable connection between the sample loading mechanism 100 and the container 211 .
  • the limit block 124a can be disposed in the middle of the channel housing 124 and below the first opening 111a of the first channel to avoid affecting the reagent in the container 211 from entering the first channel 111 through the first opening 111a of the first channel.
  • the first screw 112 is adapted to be driven to rotate at a first speed in a first direction.
  • the container 211 is also adapted to be driven to rotate at a second speed in the first direction. The second speed is less than the first speed.
  • the reagent in the container 211 can flow to prevent accumulation, which is conducive to the reagent in the container 211 smoothly entering the first channel 111 through the first opening 111a of the first channel, and further conducive to the reagent being smoothly output through the sample adding mechanism 100.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a sample adding device 300 .
  • the sample loading device 300 includes a sample loading device 200 and a driving mechanism 310.
  • the sample loading device 200 includes a container 211 and a sample loading mechanism 100; the container 211 is suitable for containing a reagent; the sample loading mechanism 100 includes a first sample loading mechanism and a second sample loading mechanism that are mutually meshed and driven, the first sample loading mechanism is suitable for delivering the reagent in the container 211 to the second sample loading mechanism, and the second sample loading mechanism is suitable for delivering the reagent to the outside and inside of the container 211;
  • the driving mechanism 310 is connected to the first sample loading mechanism, and is suitable for driving the first sample loading mechanism to rotate in a first direction, and at the same time driving the second sample loading mechanism to rotate in a second direction through the first sample loading mechanism; the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the first loading mechanism at least includes the first channel 111 and the first screw 112 provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention
  • the second loading mechanism at least includes the first channel 111 and the first screw 112 provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first aspect provides a second channel 113 and a second screw 114 .
  • the driving mechanism 310 may include a driving motor 311 , a second gear 312 coaxially connected to the driving motor 311 , and a third gear 313 meshingly connected to the second gear 312 .
  • the first screw rod 112 is coaxially connected with the third gear 313.
  • the second gear 312 is adapted to rotate under the drive of the driving motor 311, and drives the third gear 313 to drive the first screw rod 112 to rotate in a first direction at a first speed.
  • the coaxial connection between the second gear 312 and the driving motor 311 means that the second gear 312 and the driving motor 311 are connected in synchronous rotation;
  • the coaxial connection between the first screw 112 and the third gear 313 means that the first screw 112 and the third gear 313 are connected in synchronous rotation.
  • At least two first screws 112 may be provided.
  • at least two first screws 112 may be synchronously rotated and connected, for example, they may be synchronously rotated and connected by planetary gears, and one of the at least two first screws 112 is coaxially connected to the third gear 313, so that the first screw 112 is driven to rotate in the first direction by the driving motor 311, thereby driving the other first screws 112 to rotate in the first direction through the first screw 112.
  • first screw rod 112 coaxially connected to the third gear 313 may also be meshingly transmission-connected with the second screw rod 114 .
  • At least two second screws 114 may be provided.
  • the at least two second screws 114 may be synchronously rotated and connected, for example, by using planetary gears for synchronous rotation, and one of the at least two second screws 114 is meshed and transmission-connected with the first screw 112 coaxially connected to the third gear 313, so that the second screw 114 is driven to rotate in the second direction by the first screw 112, thereby driving the other second screws 114 to rotate in the second direction.
  • the first screw 112 is adapted to be driven to rotate at a first speed in a first direction.
  • the container 211 is also adapted to be driven to rotate at a second speed in the first direction. The second speed is less than the first speed.
  • the driving mechanism 310 may also include a gear meshing transmission connection with the second gear 312.
  • the fourth gear 314 is coaxially connected to the container 211.
  • the diameter ratio of the third gear 313 to the fourth gear 314 is equal to the speed ratio of the second speed to the first speed.
  • the second gear 312 is adapted to rotate under the drive of the driving motor 311 and drive the third gear 313 to drive the first screw 112 to rotate at a first speed in a first direction, and drive the fourth gear 314 to drive the container 211 to rotate at a second speed in the first direction.
  • the container 211 and the sample adding mechanism 100 can be driven to rotate simultaneously by the same driving mechanism 310, which not only saves the driving source but also saves the occupied space and cost of the product.
  • the sample injector 200 provided by the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention may also include the driving mechanism 310.
  • the container 211 may be driven to rotate at a second speed in a second direction.
  • the driving mechanism 310 may further include a driving housing 315 suitable for accommodating the driving motor 311, the second gear 312, the third gear 313, and the fourth gear 314.
  • the driving housing 315 may have an opening that matches the interface mechanism 220 to connect the interface mechanism 220, and the container 211, the sample loading mechanism 100, and the driving mechanism 310 are connected through the interface mechanism 220.
  • the opening of the driving housing 315 may have a size matching the outer circumference of the interface 211 to receive the interface 211 , thereby connecting the container 211 , the sample loading mechanism 100 , and the driving mechanism 310 through the interface mechanism 220 .
  • a rotational connection is adopted between the opening of the driving housing 315 and the outer periphery of the interface 211 , for example, a bearing rotational connection may be adopted.
  • a fixed connection may be adopted between the opening of the drive housing 315 and the outer periphery of the interface 211, for example, a threaded connection may be adopted.
  • the container 211 and the sample adding mechanism 100, as well as the sample adder 200 (including the container 211 and the sample adding mechanism 100) and the driving mechanism 310 can be conveniently installed and disassembled through the interface mechanism 220, which is not only conducive to the rapid replacement of the container 211, the sample adding mechanism 100 and the sample adder 200, so that when multiple reagents need to be weighed, the reagents can be quickly replaced, saving time and effort, and it can also avoid the reagent contamination that may be caused when multiple reagents are weighed and sampled using the same weighing instrument and the trouble of cleaning the weighing instrument.
  • the lower portion of the loading mechanism 100 is adapted to be inserted into the driving housing 315 so that the first screw 112 is coaxially connected to the third gear 313 , and the container 211 is connected to the fourth gear 314 .
  • the bottom end of the first screw rod 112 has a plug. Accordingly, the third gear 313 has a socket that matches the first plug. The plug is tightly embedded in the socket to connect the first screw rod 112 and the third gear 313.
  • the driving mechanism 310 also includes a connecting rod 318 that is at least partially housed in the driving housing 315; one end of the connecting rod 318 is coaxially connected to the fourth gear 314, and the other end is suitable for being coaxially connected to the container 211 when the lower part of the loading mechanism 100 is inserted into the driving housing 315.
  • the container 211 further has a container hole.
  • the other end of the connecting rod 318 is suitable for being inserted into and clamped in the container hole to connect and is suitable for driving the container 211 to rotate.
  • the driving housing 315 further has a through hole suitable for the connecting rod 318 to pass through.
  • the other end of the connecting rod 318 passes through the through hole and is connected to the container hole.
  • the sample loading device 300 further includes a sensing mechanism 316 disposed in a driving housing 315.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 further includes a channel housing 124 adapted to at least partially accommodate the first channel 111 and the second channel 113.
  • the first channel 111 and the second channel 113 are at least partially sleeved in the channel housing 124.
  • the lower side of the channel housing 124 has a trigger portion 125 adapted to be disposed facing the sensing mechanism 316.
  • the trigger portion 125 contacts the sensing mechanism 316.
  • the sensing mechanism 316 is connected to the outlet valve 120, and is adapted to trigger the outlet valve 120 to move along the third direction to close the second opening 113b of the second channel when it contacts the trigger portion 125, and to trigger the outlet valve 120 to move along the fourth direction to close the second opening 113b of the second channel when it is out of contact with the trigger portion 125.
  • the second opening 113b of the second passage is opened by moving the second opening 113b in the second passage.
  • the sample adding device 300 further includes an outlet valve motor 317 connected to the outlet valve 120 and the sensing mechanism 316.
  • the outlet valve motor 317 is triggered to control the outlet valve 120 to move along the third direction; when the sensing mechanism 316 is out of contact with the triggering portion 125, the outlet valve motor 310 is triggered to control the outlet valve 120 to move along the fourth direction.
  • the sample loading device 300 further includes a locking mechanism 320 to lock the sample loading mechanism 100 when the sample loading mechanism 100 is inserted into the driving housing 315 .
  • the locking mechanism 320 may include a toggle member 321, a cam 322, an abutment member 323, a first spring 324a and a second spring 324b.
  • the toggle member 321 is located on the outside of the driving housing 315 and is connected to the cam 322 through its inner side wall.
  • the cam 322 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the driving housing 315 through a camshaft 322a; and the portion of the cam 322 away from the toggle member 321 is suitable for abutting against the outer side of the abutment member 323 and moving along the outer side of the abutment member 323.
  • the inner side of the abutment member 323 has an extension portion 323a; the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b are respectively arranged on both sides of the extension portion 323a.
  • the locking mechanism 320 also includes a receiving groove arranged on the outside of the sample loading mechanism 100 and receiving holes located on both sides of the receiving groove, for example, it can be a receiving groove on the outside of the channel housing 124 and receiving holes located on both sides of the receiving groove.
  • the receiving groove and the receiving hole may be recessed inward relative to the outer side of the loading mechanism 100 (for example, the outer side of the channel housing 124) so that the outer side of the loading mechanism 100 (for example, the outer side of the channel housing 124) is flat to improve aesthetics.
  • the receiving groove is suitable for receiving and accommodating the extension portion 323a of the abutment member 323.
  • the two receiving holes on both sides of the receiving groove are respectively suitable for receiving the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b.
  • the two ends of the first spring 324a are respectively connected to the inner side of one end of the abutment member 323 and one receiving hole, and the two ends of the second spring 324b are respectively connected to the inner side of the other end of the abutment member 323 and another receiving hole.
  • the two ends of the abutment member 323 may be respectively referred to as an open end 323b and a closed end 323c, and the width of the abutment member 323 gradually increases along a direction from the open end 323b to the closed end 323c.
  • the first spring 324a is connected to the inner side of the opening end 323b
  • the second spring 324b is connected to the inner side of the closing end 323c.
  • the cam 322 When the loading mechanism 100 is inserted into the driving housing 315, the cam 322 can abut against the outer side of the open end 323b of the abutting member 323.
  • the toggle member 321 When the toggle member 321 is toggled toward the direction of the closed end 323c of the abutting member 323, the cam 322 rotates around the cam shaft 322a and moves from the outer side of the open end 323b of the abutting member 323 to the outer side of the closed end 323c of the abutting member 323.
  • the cam 322 drives the extension portion 323a of the abutment member 323 to embed into the receiving groove, and at the same time the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b are compressed, thereby locking the loading mechanism 100 to prevent the loading mechanism 100 from shaking in the driving housing 315.
  • the compression degree of the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b is the same, so that the elastic restoring force of the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b against compression cannot drive the cam 322 to rotate, thereby allowing the loading mechanism 100 to be stably locked.
  • the cam 322 rotates around the cam shaft 322 a and moves from the outer side of the closed end 323 c of the abutting member 323 to the outer side of the open end 323 b of the abutting member 323 .
  • the width of the open end 323b of the abutment member 323 is relatively thin, when the cam 322 moves to the outside of the open end 323b of the abutment member 323 and abuts against it, the first spring 324a and the second spring 324b extend under the action of the elastic restoring force to restore the compression, and at the same time drive the extending portion 323a of the abutment member 323 to leave the receiving groove to release the lock of the sample loading mechanism 100, thereby facilitating the sample loading mechanism 100 to be smoothly withdrawn from the driving housing 315.
  • FIG. 16 only illustrates the abutment state of the cam 322 and the abutment member 323 at the closed end 323c of the abutment member 323, and does not fully illustrate the actual state of the locking mechanism 320 when locking the sample loading mechanism 100.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a sample adding device 400 .
  • the sample adding device 400 includes a sample adding device 200 and a lifting and rotating mechanism 410.
  • the sample adding device 200 may include a container 211 and a sample adding mechanism 100; 211 is suitable for containing reagents; the loading mechanism 100 is at least partially arranged in the container 211 and is connected to the outside of the container 211 to at least transport the reagent in the container 211 to the outside of the container 211; the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 is at least connected to the loading mechanism 100 to control the height and angle of the loading mechanism 100, so that the loading mechanism 100 is suitable for aligning with the reagent bottle receiving the reagent when outputting the reagent.
  • a reagent bottle needs to be placed below the second opening 113b of the second channel 113 to receive the reagent.
  • the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 to control the height and angle of the sample adding mechanism 100, the second opening 113b of the second channel can be smoothly aligned with the bottle mouth of the reagent bottle to facilitate it to receive the reagent.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 in the sample loading device 400 may include the sample loading mechanism 100 provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • sample adder 200 in the sample adding device 400 may include the sample adder 200 provided in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sample loading device 400 further includes a driving mechanism 310.
  • the driving mechanism 310 is connected to the sample loading mechanism 100 to drive the sample loading mechanism 100 to deliver the reagent.
  • the driving mechanism 310 can drive the first screw 112 in the sample loading mechanism 100 to rotate in a first direction, and drive the second screw 114 to rotate in a second direction.
  • the driving mechanism 310 may include the driving mechanism 310 provided in the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 can also be connected to the driving housing 315 and is suitable for adjusting the height and angle of the driving housing 315, thereby controlling the height and angle of the loading mechanism 100.
  • the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 can be implemented by any technical means known in the art.
  • the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 can use air pressure or hydraulic pressure to control the lifting and lowering of the sample loading mechanism 100 or the driving housing 315 and the height of the lifting and lowering.
  • the lifting and rotating mechanism 410 may include a bracket and may be connected to the sample loading mechanism. 100 or the installation angle between the driving housing 315 and the bracket controls the angle of the sample loading mechanism 100.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a sample adding system 500 .
  • the sample loading system 500 may include a sample loading mechanism 100, a balance 510, and a controller 520.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 is adapted to deliver the reagent in the external container 211 to the reagent bottle outside the container 211;
  • the balance 510 is disposed below the reagent bottle and is adapted to weigh the mass of the reagent delivered to the reagent bottle;
  • the controller 520 is respectively connected to the balance 510 and the sample loading mechanism 100, and is adapted to adjust the speed of the delivery mechanism based on the mass weighed by the balance 510.
  • the sample loading mechanism 100 in the sample loading system 500 may include the sample loading mechanism 100 provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conveying mechanism may include a conveyor belt 127.
  • the controller 520 may be connected to a driving mechanism of the conveyor belt 127 and adjust the transmission speed of the conveyor belt 127 through the driving mechanism.
  • the conveying mechanism may include a first screw 112.
  • the controller 520 may be connected to the driving mechanism 310 of the first screw 112, and the rotation speed of the first screw 112 may be adjusted through the driving mechanism 310.
  • the first screw 112 when the mass of the reagent delivered to the reagent bottle is not close to the target mass of the reagent, the first screw 112 can be rotated at a higher speed so that the reagent is quickly delivered to the reagent bottle. When the mass of the reagent delivered to the reagent bottle is close to the target mass of the reagent, the first screw 112 can be rotated at a lower speed so that the reagent is slowly delivered to the reagent bottle to prevent the problem of excessive delivery of the reagent due to rapid delivery of the reagent.
  • target mass of a reagent represents the mass of the reagent that is desired to be weighed.
  • the mass flow rate of the output reagent can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first screw 112 in the sample adding mechanism 100 in combination with the weighing feedback, thereby better realizing the accurate weighing and sampling of the reagent.
  • the mass flow rate of the output reagent can be increased by using the sample adding mechanism 100, the sample adding device 200, the sample adding device 300, the sample adding equipment 400, and the sample adding system 500 provided in the embodiment of the present invention. It is controllable and remains constant when the sample feeding speed remains unchanged, which can effectively ensure the sampling accuracy.

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Abstract

一种加样器(200)，加样器(200)包括容器(211)和加样机构(100)，容器(211)适于容纳试剂以及被驱动而旋转；加样机构(100)包括第一通道(111)和至少一个第一螺杆(112)；第一通道(111)具有与容器(211)连通的第一通道第一开口(111a)以允许容器(211)内的试剂进入第一通道(111)、以及与第一通道(111)的外部连通的第一通道第二开口(111b)以允许试剂离开第一通道(111)；第一螺杆(112)设置于第一通道(111)内，并且适于被驱动以沿第一方向旋转而将第一通道(111)内的试剂输送至第一通道第二开口(111b)、以及通过调节自身的转速以控制通过第一通道第二开口(111b)离开的试剂的质量流量；其中，容器(211)的旋转速度小于第一螺杆(112)的旋转速度，采用加样器(200)实现了容器(211)内给样，极大地提高了给样的效率，避免了试剂的浪费，在称量取样过程中还可以快速更换试剂，省时省力。

Description

加样器 技术领域
本发明涉及称量取样技术领域，尤其涉及一种加样器。
背景技术
众所周知，在生化实验中，需要经常对试剂尤其是粉末试剂进行称量取样操作。然而，目前常用的称量天平，不但需要人工手动操作，而且精确度低、误差大。并且，由于人工操作，每次操作时都是凭借人的感觉取样，由此可能经过多次操作都难以达到理想的称量取样效果。此外，由于人工操作，在取样的移动过程中还可能造成试剂的掉落或飘散，不但会导致试剂浪费，而且还可能造成试剂污染。由此，自动化取样设备越来越受到实验人员的青睐，然而，现有技术中的自动化取样设备均无法实现容器内取样，不但在取样过程中容易造成试剂的浪费，而且更换试剂的操作繁琐。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种加样器，一方面，通过在可旋转的容器内设置加样机构，实现了容器内的给样，避免了容器外给样的试剂污染以及在取样的移动过程可能造成的试剂掉落或飘散，不但可以极大地提高取样的效率，而且可以有效避免试剂的浪费；另一方面，通过在加样机构中设置第一通道和第一螺杆，不但可以通过调节第一螺杆的转速以控制取样试剂的质量流量，从而对试剂尤其是粉末试剂进行精确称量取样，而且实现了试剂称量取样的自动化，从而避免了人工称量取样带来的称量误差和试剂污染；又一方面，在加样的过程中使容器旋转，不但可以使容器内的试剂流动起来以防止积压、结块，而且可以使容器内的试剂顺利进入加样机构的第一通道内，进而通过第一通道内旋转的第一螺杆将试剂顺利输出；再一方面，在称量取样过程中还可以快速更换容器和/或加样机构，以快速更换试剂，省时省力。
为此，本发明实施例提供如下技术方案：
本发明实施例提供一种加样器。该加样器包括：容器，其适于容纳试剂以及被驱动而旋转；加样机构，其至少部分地设置于所述容器内并且包括：第一通道，其具有与所述容器连通的第一通道第一开口以允许所述容器内的试剂进入所述第一通道、以及与所述第一通道的外部连通的第一通道第二开口以允许所述试剂离开所述第一通道；至少一个第一螺杆，其设置于所述第一通道内，并且适于被驱动以沿第一方向旋转而将所述第一通道内的试剂输送至所述第一通道第二开口、以及通过调节自身的转速以控制通过所述第一通道第二开口离开的所述试剂的质量流量；其中，所述容器的旋转速度小于所述第一螺杆的旋转速度。
可选地，所述加样器还包括驱动机构；所述驱动机构包括驱动电机、与所述驱动电机同轴连接的第二齿轮、分别与所述第二齿轮啮合传动连接的第三齿轮和第四齿轮；所述第三齿轮与所述第一螺杆同轴连接；所述第四齿轮与所述容器同轴连接；所述第二齿轮适于在所述驱动电机的驱动下旋转并且驱动所述第三齿轮带动所述第一螺杆以第一速度沿所述第一方向旋转、以及驱动所述第四齿轮带动所述容器以第二速度沿所述第一方向旋转；其中，所述第三齿轮与所述第四齿轮的直径比等于所述第二速度与所述第一速度的速度比。
可选地，所述容器包括容器口；所述加样器还包括适于连接所述容器口和所述加样机构的接口机构；所述接口机构包括沿所述容器口的轴线方向贯通的接口、以及依次套设于所述接口内的支撑件和轴承件；所述接口可拆卸地套设于所述容器口的外周，并且所述接口和所述支撑件之间具有间隙以适于接收所述容器口的侧壁；所述轴承件套设于所述加样机构外；所述支撑件与所述轴承件之间、以及所述支撑件与所述容器口的侧壁之间分别设置有第一密封圈和第二密封圈以使所述接口机构分别与所述加样机构和所述容器口密封连接。
可选地，所述加样器还包括第二通道以及设置于所述第二通道内的至少一个第二螺杆：所述第二通道具有与所述第一通道第二开口连通的第二通道第一开口以允许所述第一通道内的试剂进入所述第二通道、与外部连通的第二通道第二开口以允许所述试剂离开所述第二通道、以及与所述容 器连通的第二通道第三开口以允许所述试剂离开所述第二通道而回到所述容器；所述第二螺杆与所述第一螺杆啮合传动连接以在所述第一螺杆沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述第一螺杆的带动下沿第二方向旋转，而将所述第二通道内的试剂输送至所述第二通道第二开口和所述第二通道第三开口；其中，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。
可选地，所述第一通道第一开口位于所述第一通道的中侧部；所述第一通道第二开口位于所述第一通道的下侧部；所述第二通道第一开口位于所述第二通道的下侧部；所述第二通道第二开口位于所述第二通道的底端；所述第二通道第三开口位于所述第二通道的上侧部。
可选地，所述第一螺杆的顶端延伸至所述第一通道外；所述第二螺杆的顶端延伸至所述第二通道外；所述加样器还包括与所述第一螺杆的顶端同轴连接的端面凸轮、以及与所述第二螺杆的顶端同轴连接的第一齿轮；所述端面凸轮与所述第一齿轮啮合传动连接；所述端面凸轮适于在所述第一螺杆沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述第一螺杆的带动下沿所述第一方向旋转，并且驱动所述第一齿轮带动所述第二螺杆沿所述第二方向旋转。
可选地，所述加样器还包括设置于所述第一通道和所述第二通道上方的顶盖、以及依次位于所述顶盖和所述端面凸轮之间并且仅适于沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向运动的弹性件和凸轮配合件；所述凸轮配合件适于在所述端面凸轮沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述端面凸轮的驱动下沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向往复运动、以及在所述端面凸轮沿所述第二方向旋转时限制所述端面凸轮沿所述第二方向的旋转；所述弹性件适于在所述端面凸轮沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述凸轮配合件的作用下压缩以及释放所述压缩。
可选地，所述端面凸轮面向所述凸轮配合件的一端具有一对第一斜面和一对第一立面；所述凸轮配合件面向所述端面凸轮的一端具有一对第二斜面和一对第二立面；其中，第一斜面与第二斜面相接合，第一立面与第二立面相接合；在所述端面凸轮沿所述第一方向旋转时，所述第一立面远离与其相接合的第二立面，所述第一斜面相对于与其相接合的第二斜面旋转并且推动所述凸轮配合件沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向往复运动；在所述端面凸轮沿所述第二方向旋转时，所述第二立面阻挡与其相接合的第一立 面旋转以限制所述端面凸轮沿所述第二方向旋转。
可选地，所述凸轮配合件包括设置于其侧部的导向块；所述顶盖的侧部具有沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向延伸的导向槽，以接收所述导向块、并且允许所述导向块在其中沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向往复运动。
可选地，所述第一螺杆的顶端依次穿过所述端面凸轮和所述凸轮配合件并且延伸至所述凸轮配合件的上方；所述凸轮配合件具有设置其内圈的支撑沿；所述弹性件包括弹簧；所述弹簧套设于所述第一螺杆的顶端外并且其两端分别与所述顶盖的内端面和所述支撑沿抵接，其适于在所述凸轮配合件沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向向上运动时压缩、以及释放所述压缩以使所述凸轮配合件沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向向下运动，而使所述凸轮配合件适于沿所述第一螺杆的轴线方向往复运动。
可选地，所述加样器还包括适于封闭以及打开所述第二通道第二开口的出口阀；所述出口阀与所述第二通道靠近所述第二通道第二开口的一端转动连接，并且适于被驱动以沿第三方向转动而封闭所述第二通道第二开口、以及沿第四方向转动以打开所述第二通道第二开口；其中，所述第四方向与所述第三方向相反。
可选地，所述出口阀包括封闭部；所述封闭部包括适于面向所述第二通道第二开口设置的密封件；所述密封件适于在所述出口阀沿所述第三方向转动时逐渐靠近并且面向所述第二通道第二开口以适于嵌入所述第二通道第二开口而将其封闭、以及在所述出口阀沿所述第四方向转动时从所述第二通道第二开口脱离并且远离所述第二通道第二开口而将所述出口阀打开。
可选地，所述加样器还包括设置于所述第二通道的外侧的卡勾块；所述出口阀包括与所述封闭部连接，并且相对于所述封闭部弯折以适于面向所述第二通道的侧部设置的卡勾部；所述卡勾部包括朝向所述卡勾块设置的卡勾槽；所述卡勾槽适于在所述出口阀沿所述第三方向转动时朝着所述卡勾块运动并且在运动至所述卡勾块时被所述卡勾块限位以使所述密封件面向所述第二通道第二开口设置、以及在所述出口阀沿所述第四方向转动 时离开所述卡勾块。
可选地，在所述卡勾槽被所述卡勾块限位时，所述卡勾槽与所述卡勾块的底部相抵接以限制所述出口阀向上运动。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的技术方案具有有益效果。
例如，通过在可旋转的容器内设置加样机构，实现了容器内的给样，避免了容器外给样的试剂污染以及在取样的移动过程可能造成的试剂掉落或飘散，不但可以极大地提高取样的效率，而且可以有效避免试剂的浪费。
又例如，在加样的过程中使容器旋转，不但可以使容器内的试剂流动起来以防止积压、结块，而且可以使容器内的试剂顺利进入加样机构的第一通道内，进而通过第一通道内旋转的第一螺杆将试剂顺利输出。
又例如，通过使容器以小于第一螺杆给样速度的速度旋转，可以防止试剂在第一通道内积压，从而使试剂顺利通过第一螺杆输出。
又例如，通过在加样器中设置接口机构，不但可以限定加样机构与容器的连接位置，而且可以使加样机构与容器之间便于装配并且有利于保持装配稳定性。
又例如，在称量取样过程中还可以快速更换容器和/或加样机构，以快速更换试剂，省时省力。
又例如，通过采用同一驱动机构同时驱动第一螺杆和容器旋转，可以统一协调试剂在第一通道内的输入速度和输出速度，从而使试剂的输出剂量可以得到更好地控制。
又例如，还可以设置二个及以上的第一螺杆和/或第二螺杆，从而可以满足不同类型的试剂、不同目标质量的试剂的称量取样。
又例如，由于第一通道、第二通道的体积及其各个开口的尺寸均可定制，并且第一螺杆、第二螺杆的旋转速度也可以调节，因此，该加样器对于大、小剂量的试剂取样均适用，尤其是对于0.1毫克至100毫克甚至2毫克及以下剂量的试剂取样也可以实现自动取样并且取样精度较高。
又例如，还可以设置有适于打开和关闭第二通道第二开口的出口阀，以有效防止加样机构中的试剂在非使用状态下的泄露以及外部潮气的进入，尤其是在遭遇空气流动、振动、晃动或静电时的试剂泄露。
又例如，本发明实施例提供的加样器结构精巧，占用空间少，有利于节省空间、节约成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中加样机构的一种剖视图；
图2是本发明实施例中加样机构的一种局部示意图；
图3是本发明实施例中加样机构的另一种局部示意图；
图4是本发明实施例中加样机构的一种局部剖视图；
图5是本发明实施例中端面凸轮的一种结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例中凸轮配合件的一种结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例中出口阀的一种示意图，其中，出口阀处于关闭状态；
图8是本发明实施例中出口阀的另一种示意图，其中，出口阀处于打开状态；
图9是本发明实施例中加样装置的一种局部示意图，其中，出口阀处于关闭状态；
图10是本发明实施例中加样装置的另一种局部示意图，其中，出口阀处于打开状态；
图11是本发明实施例中加样机构的第三种局部示意图，其中，对于第三通道，仅示意出其中下部，其上部未示出；
图12是本发明实施例中加样器的一种剖视图；
图13是本发明实施例中加样器的一种局部剖视图；
图14是本发明实施例中加样装置的一种结构示意图；
图15是本发明实施例中加样装置的第三种局部示意图；
图16是本发明实施例中锁紧机构的一种示意图，其中，仅示意出锁紧机构的关闭状态，并未示意出锁紧机构将加样机构锁紧的状态；
图17是本发明实施例中锁紧机构的另一种示意图，其中，锁紧机构处于开启状态；
图18是本发明实施例中加样装置的一种剖视图；
图19是本发明实施例中加样设备的一种结构示意图；
图20是本发明实施例中加样系统的原理框图。
附图标记说明：
100加样机构，111第一通道，111a第一通道第一开口，111b第一通道第二开口，112第一螺杆，113第二通道，113a第二通道第一开口，113b第二通道第二开口，113c第二通道第三开口，114第二螺杆，115端面凸轮，115a第一斜面，A第一斜面的高点，B第一斜面的低点，115b第一立面，116第一齿轮，117顶盖，118弹性件，119凸轮配合件，119a第二斜面，C第二斜面的高点，D第二斜面的低点，119b第二立面，119c导向块，119d支撑沿，120出口阀，121封闭部，122卡勾部，122a卡勾槽，123卡勾块，124通道外壳，124a限位块，125触发部，126第三通道，126a第三通道第一开口，127传送带，127a第一传送段，127b第二传送段，127c沟槽，211容器，211a容器口的侧壁，220接口机构，221接口，222支撑件，223轴承件，224第一密封圈，225第二密封圈，310驱动机构，311驱动电机，312第二齿轮，313第三齿轮，314第四齿轮，315驱动外壳，316感应机构，317出口阀电机，318连接杆，320锁紧机构，321拨动件，322凸轮，322a凸轮轴，323抵接件，323a延伸部，323b开启端，323c关闭端，324a第一弹簧，324b第二弹簧，510天平，520控制器。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、特征和有益效果能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附 图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。可以理解的是，以下所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明，而非是对本发明的限定。并且，可能省略不同实施例中相同、类似的部件的描述以及属于现有技术的部件、特征、效果等的描述。
此外，为了便于描述，附图中可能仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部结构。并且，附图中可能使用相同、类似的附图标记指代不同实施例中相同、类似的部件。
参照图1至图20，本发明实施例提供一种加样机构100、一种加样器200、一种加样装置300、一种加样设备400和一种加样系统500。
本发明实施例的第一个方面在于，提供一种加样机构100。
具体而言，该加样机构100包括输送通道111、126和输送机构。其中，输送通道111、126具有与外部的容器211连通的输送通道第一开口111a、126a以允许容器211内的试剂进入输送通道111、126，以及与输送通道111、126的外部连通的输送通道第二开口111b以允许试剂离开输送通道111、126。输送机构设置于输送通道111、126内，并且适于被驱动以运动而将输送通道111、126内的试剂输送至输送通道第二开口111b，以及通过调节自身运动的速度以控制通过输送通道第二开口111b离开的试剂的质量流量。
参照图1至图3，在一些实施例中，输送通道111、126可以包括第一通道111，输送通道第一开口111a、126a可以包括第一通道第一开口111a，输送通道第二开口111b可以包括第一通道第二开口111b。相应地，输送机构包括设置于第一通道111内的至少一个第一螺杆112。
在具体实施中，至少一个第一螺杆112中的每一个第一螺杆112均适于被驱动以沿第一方向旋转而将第一通道111内的试剂输送至第一通道第二开口111b、以及通过调节自身的转速以控制通过第一通道第二开口111b离开的试剂的质量流量。
可以理解的是，通过调节第一螺杆112的转速，可以控制第一螺杆112在单位时间内输送的试剂的质量，从而控制试剂离开第一通道111的 质量流量。其中，试剂离开第一通道111的质量流量是指在单位时间内通过第一通道111的第一通道第二开口111b离开的试剂的质量。并且，当输出试剂的质量流量确定时，结合输出试剂的时间，即可获得输出试剂的质量。
采用上述技术方案，一方面，可以通过调节第一螺杆112的转速以控制取样试剂的质量流量，从而对试剂尤其是粉末试剂进行精确称量取样；另一方面，实现了试剂取样的自动化，从而避免了人工称量取样带来的称量误差和试剂污染。
在一些实施例中，各种试剂的质量流量与第一螺杆112的转速之间的关系可以通过实验获得。即可以在第一螺杆112的不同转速下，分别测量各种试剂的质量流量，进而获取各种试剂的质量流量与第一螺杆112的转速之间的关系。具体实验过程可以采用本领域中任意已知的常规技术手段实现，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，该加样机构100还可以包括第二通道113以及设置于第二通道113内的至少一个第二螺杆114。
具体而言，第二通道113具有与第一通道第二开口111b连通的第二通道第一开口113a以允许第一通道111内的试剂进入第二通道113、与外部连通的第二通道第二开口113b以允许试剂离开第二通道113、以及与容器211连通的第二通道第三开口113c以允许试剂离开第二通道113而回到容器211。
在具体实施中，第二螺杆114与第一螺杆112啮合传动连接，以在第一螺杆112的带动下沿第二方向旋转，而将第二通道113内的试剂输送至第二通道第二开口113b和第二通道第三开口113c。其中，第二方向与第一方向相反。
可以理解的是，通过调节第一螺杆112的转速，可以控制第一螺杆112在单位时间内输送的试剂的质量，从而控制试剂离开第一通道111而进入第二通道113的质量流量，进而可以控制试剂离开第二通道113的质量流量。其中，试剂离开第二通道113的质量流量是指在单位时间内通过 第二通道113的第二通道第二开口113b离开的试剂的质量。
采用上述技术方案，可以使第一通道111内的过多试剂进入第二通道113，并且通过第二通道113内的第二螺杆114送回至容器211内，从而避免了试剂在第一通道111内的积压、结块以及由试剂积压、结块可能带来的对第一螺杆112的旋转和转速的影响，进而使得试剂能够被顺利输出。
在一些实施例中，可以将第一通道第一开口111a设置于第一通道111的中侧部，并且与容器211连通；可以将第一通道第二开口111b设置于第一通道111的下侧部。可以将第二通道第一开口113a设置于第二通道113的下侧部，并且与第一通道第二开口111b连通；可以将第二通道第二开口113b设置于第二通道113的底端，并且与加样机构100的外部连通；可以将第二通道第三开口113c设置于第二通道113的上侧部，并且与容器211连通。
如此，可以使得过多的试剂回到容器211内，以避免试剂在加样机构100内积压，从而有利于试剂流动，进而有利于试剂通过加样机构100进行输出。
在具体实施中，第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114的螺距、直径和转速均可以基于试剂的具体情况而定制。其中，试剂的具体情况可以包括试剂的种类、试剂的粒径以及试剂的输送剂量等。
在一些实施例中，第一螺杆112与第二螺杆114之间的螺距差、直径差和转速差均大于0。如此，可以有利于试剂通过该加样机构100向外输出。
在一些实施例中，该加样机构100可以包括一个第一螺杆112和一个第二螺杆114。其中，该第一螺杆112和该第二螺杆114啮合传动连接。具体示例可参照图1和图2所示。
在另一些实施例中，该加样机构100可以包括至少二个第一螺杆112和一个第二螺杆114。其中，第二螺杆114与至少二个第一螺杆112中的一个第一螺杆112啮合传动连接。具体示例可参照图3所示，在该示例中，该加样机构100包括二个第一螺杆112和一个第二螺杆114。
在又一些实施例中，该加样机构100可以包括一个第一螺杆112和至少二个第二螺杆114。其中，第一螺杆112与至少二个第二螺杆114中的一个第二螺杆114啮合传动连接。并且至少二个第二螺杆114中的各个第二螺杆114之间同步转动连接，以通过与第一螺杆112啮合传动的第二螺杆114带动其他第二螺杆114同步转动连接。
在再一些实施例中，该加样机构100可以包括至少二个第一螺杆112和至少二个第二螺杆114。其中，至少二个第二螺杆114中的一个第二螺杆114与至少二个第一螺杆112中的一个第一螺杆112啮合传动连接，并且至少二个第二螺杆114中的各个第二螺杆114之间同步转动连接，以通过与第一螺杆112啮合传动的第二螺杆114带动其他第二螺杆114同步转动连接。
在具体实施中，同步转动的各个第二螺杆114之间可以采用本领域任意已知的方式进行连接，此处不做限定。例如，同步转动的各个第二螺杆114之间可以采用行星齿轮连接。
在一些实施例中，该加样机构100可以包括至少二个同步转动连接的第一螺杆112。
在具体实施中，同步转动的各个第一螺杆112之间可以采用本领域任意已知的方式进行连接，此处不做限定。例如，同步转动的各个第一螺杆112之间也可以采用行星齿轮连接。
如前所述，第二螺杆114与第一螺杆112啮合传动连接，并且适于在第一螺杆112的带动下沿第二方向旋转。其中，第二方向与第一螺杆112的旋转方向即第一方向相反。
参照图1至图3，在一些实施例中，啮合传动连接的第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114可以相互平行设置，并且第一螺杆112的顶端延伸至第一通道111外，第二螺杆114的顶端延伸至第二通道113外。
相应地，加样机构100包括与该第一螺杆112的顶端同轴转动连接的端面凸轮115、以及与该第二螺杆114的顶端同轴转动连接的第一齿轮116。
在具体实施中，端面凸轮115与第一齿轮116啮合传动连接。该第一螺杆112适于通过其底端被加样机构100外部的驱动机构310驱动，以使第一螺杆112沿第一方向旋转，同时带动端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转，从而带动第一齿轮116沿第二方向旋转，进而带动该第二螺杆114沿第二方向旋转。
在一些实施例中，第一方向可以是逆时针方向或者顺时针方向。相应地，第二方向可以是顺时针方向或者逆时针方向。
采用上述技术方案，通过将第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114设置为相互平行并且啮合传动连接，以使第一螺杆112在沿第一方向旋转时可带动第二螺杆114沿第二方向旋转，不但实现了给样(即试剂输出)和回样(即试剂回到容器211内)的同步进行，而且省去了用于驱动第二螺杆114的额外的驱动源、节省了产品的占用空间和成本。
可以理解的是，给样是指通过加样机构100将容器211中的试剂输出至容器211外，回样是指通过第二螺杆114将第一通道111内的试剂送回至容器211内。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例提供的加样机构100还可以包括旋转限制机构，以限制第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114反向旋转。
参照图1至图4，在一些实施例中，该加样机构100还包括设置于第一通道111和第二通道113上方的顶盖117、以及依次位于顶盖117和端面凸轮115之间的弹性件118和凸轮配合件119。其中，弹性件118和凸轮配合件119仅适于沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向运动。
具体而言，凸轮配合件119适于在端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转时在端面凸轮115的驱动下沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向往复运动，以及在端面凸轮115沿第二方向旋转时限制端面凸轮115沿第二方向的旋转。弹性件118则适于在端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转时，在凸轮配合件119的作用下压缩以及释放压缩。
在一些实施例中，凸轮配合件119还包括设置于其侧部的导向块119c。相应地，顶盖117的侧部具有沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向延伸的导 向槽。导向槽适于接收导向块119c，并且允许导向块119c在其中沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向往复运动。
在一些实施例中，弹性件118可以包括弹簧。相应地，第一螺杆112的顶端依次穿过端面凸轮115和凸轮配合件119，并且延伸至凸轮配合件119的上方。并且，凸轮配合件119具有设置其内圈的支撑沿119d以支撑弹簧。
在具体实施中，弹簧套设于第一螺杆112的顶端外并且其两端分别与顶盖117的内端面和支撑沿119d抵接。如此，可以使得弹簧适于在凸轮配合件119沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向向上运动时被向上压缩，以及在凸轮配合件119运动至最上方时向下释放压缩而使凸轮配合件119沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向向下运动，进而使凸轮配合件119能够沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向往复运动。
参照图5和图6，在一些实施例中，端面凸轮115在其面向凸轮配合件119的一端具有一对第一斜面115a和一对第一立面115b。相应地，凸轮配合件119在其面向端面凸轮115的一端具有一对第二斜面119a和一对第二立面119b。其中，一对第一斜面115a中的两个第一斜面115a各自覆盖端面凸轮115的半圈；一对第二斜面119a中的两个第二斜面119a各自覆盖凸轮配合件119的半圈。
在一些实施例中，一对第一斜面115a中的一个第一斜面115a的高点A与另一个第一斜面115a的低点B相邻并且通过一个第一立面115b连接，同时一个第一斜面115a的低点B与另一个第一斜面115a的高点A相邻并且通过另一个第一立面115b连接。
相应地，一对第二斜面119a中的一个第二斜面119a的高点C与另一个第二斜面119a的低点D相邻并且通过一个第二立面119b连接，同时一个第二斜面119a的低点D与另一个第二斜面119a的高点C相邻并且通过另一个第二立面119b连接。
在初始状态下，第一斜面115a与第二斜面119a相对并且相接合，第一立面115b与第二立面119b相对并且相接合。并且，在第一斜面115a与 第二斜面119a相接合时，第一斜面115a的高点A与第二斜面119a的低点D相接合，第一斜面115a的低点B与第二斜面119a的高点C相接合。
当端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转时，第一立面115b会远离与其相接合的第二立面119b，第一斜面115a可相对于与其相接合的第二斜面119a旋转，并且推动凸轮配合件119沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向往复运动。同时，弹性件118在凸轮配合件119的作用下压缩以及释放压缩。
在具体实施中，当端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转半圈时，第一立面115b沿背离第二立面119b的方向转动，第一立面115b与第二立面119b相分离，第一斜面115a相对于第二斜面119a旋转，并且由第一斜面115a的高点A与第二斜面119a的低点D相接合变化为第一斜面115a的高点A与第二斜面119a的高点C相接，从而推动凸轮配合件119沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向向上运动，同时弹性件18在凸轮配合件119的推动下被向上压缩。
在具体实施中，当第一斜面115a的高点A与第二斜面119a的低点D相接合变化为第一斜面115a的高点A与第二斜面119a的高点C相接时，凸轮配合件119由最下方运动至最上方。
当端面凸轮115沿第一方向继续旋转半圈时，第二斜面119a与第一斜面115a相脱离，施加在弹性件118上的向上作用力撤销，弹性件118向下释放其压缩并且推动凸轮配合件119沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向向下运动，直至第二斜面119a再次与第一斜面115a相接合。
端面凸轮115沿第一方向旋转一圈，凸轮配合件119完成一次沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向的上下往复运动，弹性件118完成一次压缩以及该压缩的释放。端面凸轮115沿第一方向持续旋转一圈以上时，凸轮配合件119完成一次以上沿第一螺杆119的轴线方向的往复运动，弹性件118完成一次以上的压缩及释放压缩。
由于，在初始状态下，第一斜面115a与第二斜面119a相接合，第一立面115b与第二立面119b相对并且相接合，并且第二立面119只能沿第一螺杆112的轴线方向上下运动，而不能沿第一方向或者第二方向旋转， 因此，在端面凸轮115沿第二方向旋转时，第一立面115与第二立面119b相抵接，并且第二立面119b阻挡第一立面115b沿第二方向转动，从而限制端面凸轮115沿第二方向旋转。
采用上述技术方案，可以限制第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114反向旋转。当第一螺杆112和第二螺杆114强制反向旋转时，由于凸轮配合件119的限制，第一螺杆112和/或第二螺杆114会被损坏，进而使得加样机构100被破坏。如此，使得加样机构100不能重复使用，并且一个加样机构100仅能作为一种试剂的一次性专用输送设备使用，从而避免加样机构100重复使用，进而防止因重复使用而产生的试剂交叉污染或者试剂误用等问题。
可以理解的是，当加样机构100不包含旋转限制机构时，加样机构100是可以被重复使用的。
参照图2、图3、图7至图10，该加样机构100还包括适于封闭以及打开第二通道第二开口113b的出口阀120，以有效防止加样机构100中的试剂泄露。
具体而言，出口阀120与第二通道113靠近第二通道第二开口113b的一端转动连接，并且适于被驱动以沿第三方向转动而封闭第二通道第二开口113b、以及沿第四方向转动以打开第二通道第二开口113b。其中，第四方向与第三方向相反。
在一些实施例中，第三方向可以是逆时针方向或者顺时针方向。相应地，第四方向可以是顺时针方向或者逆时针方向。
在一些实施例中，出口阀120包括封闭部121。封闭部121包括适于面向第二通道第二开口113b设置的密封件。该密封件适于在出口阀120沿第三方向转动时逐渐靠近并且面向第二通道第二开口113b以适于嵌入第二通道第二开口113b而将其封闭、以及在出口阀120沿第四方向转动时从第二通道第二开口113b脱离并且远离第二通道第二开口113b而打开第二通道第二开口113b。
在一些实施例中，该密封件可以是与第二通道第二开口113b相配合 的硅胶盖，并且适于嵌入第二通道第二开口113b而将其封闭。
在一些实施例中，该加样机构100还包括设置于第二通道113的外侧的卡勾块123。相应地，出口阀120还包括与封闭部121连接，并且相对于封闭部121弯折以适于面向第二通道113的侧部设置的卡勾部122。
具体而言，卡勾部122包括朝向卡勾块123设置的卡勾槽122a。该卡勾槽122a适于在出口阀120沿第三方向转动时朝着卡勾块123运动、并且在运动至卡勾块123时被卡勾块123限位以使密封件面向第二通道第二开口113b设置而嵌入第二通道第二开口113b，以及在出口阀120沿第四方向转动时离开卡勾块123。
在一些实施例中，当卡勾槽122a被卡勾块123限位时，卡勾槽122a与卡勾块123的底部相抵接。如此，可以限制出口阀120向上运动，从而使密封件稳定嵌入在第二通道第二开口113b内。
参照图9和图10，在一些实施例中，该加样机构100还包括适于至少部分地收纳第一通道111和第二通道113的通道外壳124。第一通道111和第二通道113至少部分地套设于通道外壳124内。并且，通道外壳124的下侧部具有适于面向通道外壳124外部的感应机构316设置的触发部125。感应机构316与出口阀120连接，并且适于在其与触发部125接触时触发出口阀120沿第三方向运动以封闭第二通道第二开口113b、以及在其与触发部125脱离接触时触发出口阀120沿第四方向运动以打开第二通道第二开口113b。
在一些实施例中，该加样机构100还包括分别与出口阀120和感应机构316连接的出口阀电机317。感应机构316与触发部125接触时，触发出口阀电机317控制出口阀120沿第三方向运动；感应机构316与触发部125脱离接触时，触发出口阀电机310控制出口阀120沿第四方向运动。
在一些实施例中，感应机构316可以采用微动开关。
在一些实施例中，出口阀电机317可以采用舵机。
在一些实施例中，当加样机构100同时包括顶盖117和通道外壳124时，顶盖117可以安装于通道外壳124的顶端。
参照图11，在另一些实施例中，输送通道111、126包括第三通道126，输送通道第一开口111a、126a包括第三通道第一开口126a，输送通道第二开口111b包括第三通道第二开口。
相应地，输送机构包括设置于第三通道126内的传送带127；传送带126适于被驱动以传动，以及在传动过程中接收来自第三通道第一开口126a的试剂并且将试剂输送至第三通道第二开口。
在具体实施中，传送带126包括连续变化的第一传送段126a和第二传送段126b。其中，第一传送段126a适于将试剂输送至第三通道第二开口；第二传送段126b适于将未通过第三通道第二开口离开的试剂送回至第三通道126。
可以理解的是，传送带126为环形的，并且传送带126中的任意一段在传动过程中都是持续产生位移变化的，因此，适于将试剂输送至第三通道第二开口的第一传送段126a在传送带126上的位置时连续变化的，适于将未通过第三通道第二开口离开的试剂送回至第三通道126的第二传送段126b在传送带126上的位置也是连续变化的。
在一些实施例中，第三通道126包括与容器211连通的第三通道第三开口，以允许未通过第三通道第二开口离开的试剂回到容器211内。
在具体实施中，第三通道第一开口126a可以设置于第三通道126的中侧部，并且与容器211连通以接收容器211内的试剂；第三通道第二开口可以设置于第三通道的底部，并且与加样机构100的外部连通以将试剂输出；第三通道第三开口可以设置于第三通道的上侧部，并且与容器211连通以使第三通道126内的试剂可以回到容器211内。
如此，有利于容器211内的试剂进入第三通道126，并且通过设置于第三通道126内的传送带127被输送至容器211的外部以及再次回到容器211内，从而有利于试剂通过加样机构100进行分配输送。
在一些实施例中，还可以在传送带127上设置若干沟槽127c以便于传送带127接收以及输送试剂。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，输送通道的体积及其各个开口的 尺寸均可定制，并且输送通道内输送机构的运动速度也可以调节，因此，该加样机构100对于大、小剂量的试剂取样均适用。
此外，目前现有技术中的加样器械对于10毫克以下剂量的取样均需要人工多次少量操作，而且取样结果精度低、误差大。
而采用本发明实施例提供的加样机构100，经试验测试，对于2毫克及以下剂量的试剂也可以实现精准的取样。
本发明实施例的第二个方面在于，提供一种加样器200。
参照图12，该加样器200包括容器211和加样机构100。其中，容器211适于容纳试剂。加样机构100至少部分地设置于容器211内并且与容器211的外部连通，以将容器211内的试剂输送至容器211外。
在具体实施中，该加样机构100可以包括本发明实施例的第一个方面提供的加样机构100。
参照图12和图13，在一些实施例中，容器211与加样机构100之间可以通过接口机构220连接。
具体而言，容器211包括容器口。接口机构220包括沿容器口的轴线方向贯通的接口221、以及依次套设于接口221内的支撑件222和轴承件223。
在具体实施中，加样机构100穿设于轴承件223内；接口221可拆卸地套设于容器口的外周；接口221和支撑件222之间具有间隙以接收容器口的侧壁211a。
进一步地，支撑件222与轴承件223之间、以及支撑件222与容器口的侧壁211a之间还分别设置有第一密封圈224和第二密封圈225，以使接口机构220分别与加样机构100和容器口密封连接。
在一些实施例中，接口221与容器口的外周之间可以采用螺纹连接。
在一些实施例中，加样机构100还包括适于至少部分地收纳第一通道111和第二通道113的通道外壳124，并且通道外壳124的外侧还设置有限位块124a，以限定加样机构100穿设在接口机构220中的位置，从而限定 加样机构100与容器211的连接位置。
在一些实施例中，轴承件223的上端面可以相对于支撑件222的上端面向下凹陷，并且适于接收以及容纳限位块124a。同时，第一密封圈224可以设置于限位块124a与轴承件223的上端面之间。
如此，不但可以限定加样机构100穿设在接口机构220中的位置，以限定加样机构100与容器211的连接位置，而且还可以使加样机构100稳定地固定于接口机构220，从而使加样机构100与容器211之间稳定连接。
在具体实施中，限位块124a可以设置于通道外壳124的中部，并且位于第一通道第一开口111a的下方，以免影响容器211内的试剂通过第一通道第一开口111a进入第一通道111。
在一些实施例中，第一螺杆112适于被驱动以第一速度沿第一方向旋转。同时，容器211也适于被驱动以第二速度沿第一方向旋转。其中，第二速度小于第一速度。
如此，可以使容器211内的试剂流动起来以防止积压，从而有利于容器211内的试剂顺利通过第一通道第一开口111a进入第一通道111，进而有利于试剂通过加样机构100顺利输出。
本发明实施例的第三个方面在于，提供一种加样装置300。
参照图14至图18，在一些实施例中，该加样装置300包括加样器200和驱动机构310。其中，加样器200包括容器211和加样机构100；容器211适于容纳试剂；加样机构100包括相互啮合传动的第一加样机构和第二加样机构，第一加样机构适于将容器211内的试剂输送至第二加样机构，第二加样机构适于将试剂输送至容器211的外部和内部；驱动机构310与第一加样机构连接，并且适于驱动第一加样机构沿第一方向旋转，同时通过第一加样机构带动第二加样机构沿第二方向旋转；第二方向与第一方向相反。
在具体实施中，第一加样机构至少包括本发明实施例的第一个方面提供的第一通道111和第一螺杆112，第二加样机构至少包括本发明实施例 的第一个方面提供的第二通道113和第二螺杆114。
在一些实施例中，驱动机构310可以包括驱动电机311、与驱动电机311同轴连接的第二齿轮312、以及与第二齿轮312啮合传动连接的第三齿轮313。
在具体实施中，第一螺杆112与第三齿轮313同轴连接。第二齿轮312适于在驱动电机311的驱动下旋转，并且驱动第三齿轮313带动第一螺杆112以第一速度沿第一方向旋转。
可以理解的是，第二齿轮312与驱动电机311同轴连接表示第二齿轮312与驱动电机311同步转动连接；第一螺杆112与第三齿轮313同轴连接表示第一螺杆112与第三齿轮313同步转动连接。
如前所述，在一些实施例中，还可以设置有至少二个第一螺杆112。在此情形下，至少二个第一螺杆112之间可以同步转动连接，例如可以采用行星齿轮同步转动连接，并且至少二个第一螺杆112中的一个第一螺杆112与第三齿轮313同轴连接，以通过驱动电机311驱动该第一螺杆112沿第一方向旋转，从而通过该第一螺杆112带动其他第一螺杆112沿第一方向旋转。
进一步地，与第三齿轮313同轴连接的第一螺杆112还可以与第二螺杆114啮合传动连接。
如前所述，在一些实施例中，还可以设置有至少二个第二螺杆114。在此情形下，至少二个第二螺杆114之间可以同步转动连接，例如可以采用行星齿轮同步转动连接，并且至少二个第二螺杆114中的一个第二螺杆114与同轴连接第三齿轮313的第一螺杆112啮合传动连接，以通过该第一螺杆112驱动该第二螺杆114沿第二方向旋转，从而带动其他第二螺杆114沿第二方向旋转。
如前所述，在一些实施例中，第一螺杆112适于被驱动以第一速度沿第一方向旋转。容器211也适于被驱动以第二速度沿第一方向旋转。其中，第二速度小于第一速度。
在此情形下，驱动机构310还可以包括与第二齿轮312啮合传动连接 的第四齿轮314。并且，第四齿轮314与容器211同轴连接。其中，第三齿轮313与第四齿轮314的直径比等于第二速度与第一速度的速度比。
在具体实施中，第二齿轮312适于在驱动电机311的驱动下旋转并且驱动第三齿轮313带动第一螺杆112以第一速度沿第一方向旋转、以及驱动第四齿轮314带动容器211以第二速度沿第一方向旋转。
采用上述技术方案，通过同一驱动机构310可以同时驱动容器211与加样机构100旋转，不但节省驱动源，而且节省产品的占用空间和成本。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例的第二个方面提供的加样器200也可以包括该驱动机构310。如此，可以在驱动第一螺杆112以第一速度沿第一方向旋转时，同时驱动容器211以第二速度沿第二方向旋转。
在一些实施例中，驱动机构310还可以包括适于收纳驱动电机311、第二齿轮312、第三齿轮313和第四齿轮314的驱动外壳315。并且，驱动外壳315可以具有与接口机构220相配合的敞口以连接接口机构220，并且通过接口机构220连接容器211、加样机构100以及驱动机构310。
在一些实施例中，驱动外壳315的敞口可以具有与接口211的外周相配合的尺寸，以接收接口211，从而通过接口机构220连接容器211、加样机构100以及驱动机构310。
在一些实施例中，当通过驱动机构310同时驱动容器211旋转时，驱动外壳315的敞口与接口211的外周之间采用转动连接，例如可以采用轴承转动连接。
在另一些实施例中，当容器211不旋转时，驱动外壳315的敞口与接口211的外周之间可以采用固定连接，例如可以采用螺纹连接。
在本发明实施例中，容器211与加样机构100之间、以及加样器200(包括容器211和加样机构100)与驱动机构310之间均可以通过接口机构220进行方便地安装和拆卸，不但有利于快速更换容器211、加样机构100以及加样器200，以便于在需要称取多种试剂的情形下可以快速更换试剂、省时省力，而且可以避免多种试剂采用同一称量器具称量取样时可能带来的试剂污染以及清洗称量器具的麻烦。
可以理解的是，采用本发明实施例提供的技术方案，不同种类的试剂既可以采用不同的容器211和加样机构100分别进行称量取样，也可以采用同一个容器211和加样机构100进行称量取样。但采用同一个容器211和加样机构100进行不同试剂的称量取样时，需要在容器211中更换不同的试剂，并且每次更换试剂前需及时清理容器211和加样机构100内的残留试剂。
在具体实施中，加样机构100的下部适于插入驱动外壳315内以使第一螺杆112与第三齿轮313同轴连接、以及使容器211与第四齿轮314连接。
在一些实施例中，第一螺杆112的底端具有插头。相应地，第三齿轮313具有与第一插头相配合的插孔。通过插头紧密嵌入插孔以连接第一螺杆112和第三齿轮313。
在一些实施例中，驱动机构310还包括至少部分收纳于驱动外壳315内的连接杆318；连接杆318的一端与第四齿轮314同轴连接，其另一端适于在加样机构100的下部插入驱动外壳315内时与容器211同轴连接。
在一些实施例中，容器211还具有容器孔。连接杆318的另一端适于插入并且卡设于该容器孔内，以连接并且适于驱动容器211旋转。
在一些实施例中，驱动外壳315还具有适于连接杆318穿过的通孔。连接杆318的另一端穿过该通孔与容器孔连接。
在一些实施例中，该加样装置300还包括设置于驱动外壳315内的感应机构316。加样机构100还包括适于至少部分地收纳第一通道111和第二通道113的通道外壳124。第一通道111和第二通道113至少部分地套设于通道外壳124内。并且，通道外壳124的下侧部具有适于面向感应机构316设置的触发部125。
在具体实施中，当加样机构100的下部插入驱动外壳315内时，触发部125与感应机构316接触。感应机构316与出口阀120连接，并且适于在其与触发部125接触时触发出口阀120沿第三方向运动以封闭第二通道第二开口113b、以及在其与触发部125脱离接触时触发出口阀120沿第四 方向运动以打开第二通道第二开口113b。
在一些实施例中，该加样装置300还包括分别与出口阀120和感应机构316连接的出口阀电机317。感应机构316与触发部125接触时，触发出口阀电机317控制出口阀120沿第三方向运动；感应机构316与触发部125脱离接触时，触发出口阀电机310控制出口阀120沿第四方向运动。
参照图16和图17，该加样装置300还包括锁紧机构320，以在加样机构100插入驱动外壳315时对加样机构100进行锁紧。
在一些实施例中，锁紧机构320可以包括拨动件321、凸轮322、抵接件323、第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b。其中，拨动件321位于驱动外壳315的外侧，并且通过其内侧壁与凸轮322连接。凸轮322通过凸轮轴322a可转动地连接于驱动外壳315的内侧；并且凸轮322远离拨动件321的部分适于与抵接件323的外侧相抵接以及沿抵接件323的外侧运动。抵接件323的内侧具有延伸部323a；延伸部323a的两侧分别设置第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b。
相应地，锁紧机构320还包括设置于加样机构100的外侧的接收槽以及位于接收槽两侧的接收孔，例如可以是通道外壳124的外侧的接收槽以及位于该接收槽两侧的接收孔。
在一些实施例中，接收槽和接收孔可相对于加样机构100的外侧(例如可以是通道外壳124的外侧)向内凹陷，以使加样机构100的外侧(例如可以是通道外壳124的外侧)平整，以利于美观。
在具体实施中，接收槽适于接收并且容纳抵接件323的延伸部323a。接收槽两侧的两个接收孔分别适于接收第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b。第一弹簧324a的两端分别连接于抵接件323的一端内侧和一个接收孔内，第二弹簧324b的两端分别连接于抵接件323的另一端内侧和另一个接收孔内。
在一些实施例中，抵接件323的两端可以分别称为开启端323b和关闭端323c，并且沿开启端323b指向关闭端323c的方向，抵接件323的宽度逐渐增加。
在具体实施中，第一弹簧324a连接于开启端323b的内侧，第二弹簧324b连接于关闭端323c的内侧。
当加样机构100插入驱动外壳315时，凸轮322可以抵接于抵接件323的开启端323b的外侧。当向抵接件323的关闭端323c所在方向拨动拨动件321时，凸轮322围绕凸轮轴322a转动并且自抵接件323的开启端323b的外侧运动至抵接件323的关闭端323c的外侧。
由于，抵接件323的关闭端323c的宽度较厚，当凸轮322运动至抵接件323的关闭端323c的外侧并且与其相抵接时，凸轮322驱动抵接件323的延伸部323a嵌入接收槽内，同时第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b被压缩，而将加样机构100锁紧，以防止加样机构100在驱动外壳315内晃动。
当加样机构100被锁紧时，第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b的压缩程度相同，从而使得第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b抵抗压缩的弹性恢复力并不能驱动凸轮322转动，进而使加样机构100可以被稳定地锁紧。
当向抵接件323的开启端323b所在方向拨动拨动件321时，凸轮322围绕凸轮轴322a转动并且自抵接件323的关闭端323c的外侧运动至抵接件323的开启端323b的外侧。
由于，抵接件323的开启端323b的宽度较薄，当凸轮322运动至抵接件323的开启端323b的外侧并且与其相抵接时，第一弹簧324a和第二弹簧324b在弹性恢复力的作用下伸长以恢复压缩，同时带动抵接件323的延伸部323a离开接收槽，以解除对加样机构100的锁紧，从而便于加样机构100从驱动外壳315内顺利抽出。
需要说明的是，为了便于示意锁紧机构320的结构，在图16中仅示意了凸轮322与抵接件323在抵接件323的关闭端323c的抵接状态，并未完全示意出锁紧机构320在对加样机构100锁紧时的实际状态。
本发明实施例的第四个方面在于，提供一种加样设备400。
参照图19，在一些实施例中，该加样设备400包括加样器200和升降转动机构410。其中，加样器200可以包括容器211和加样机构100；容器 211适于容纳试剂；加样机构100至少部分地设置于容器211内并且与容器211的外部连通，以将容器211内的试剂至少输送至容器211外；升降转动机构410至少与加样机构100连接，以控制加样机构100的高度和角度，而使加样机构100在输出试剂时适于对准接收试剂的试剂瓶。
可以理解的是，在进行试剂的称量取样时，需要在第二通道113的第二通道第二开口113b的下方放置试剂瓶以接收试剂。通过设置升降转动机构410控制加样机构100的高度和角度，可以使第二通道第二开口113b顺利对准试剂瓶的瓶口，以便于其接收试剂。
在具体实施中，该加样设备400中的加样机构100可以包括本发明实施例的第一个方面提供的加样机构100。
在具体实施中，该加样设备400中的加样器200可以包括本发明实施例的第二个方面提供的加样器200。
在一些实施例中，该加样设备400还包括驱动机构310。该驱动机构310与加样机构100连接，以驱动加样机构100输送试剂。例如，可以通过驱动机构310驱动加样机构100中的第一螺杆112沿第一方向旋转，并带动第二螺杆114沿第二方向旋转。
在具体实施中，驱动机构310可以包括本发明实施例的第三个方面提供的驱动机构310。
在一些实施例中，由于容器211、加样机构100可以通过接口机构220与驱动外壳315连接，由此，升降转动机构410还可以与驱动外壳315连接，并且适于调节驱动外壳315的高度和角度，从而控制加样机构100的高度和角度。
在本发明实施例中，升降转动机构410可以采用本领域中任意已知的技术手段实现。
例如，升降转动机构410可以采用气压或者液压的方式控制加样机构100或者驱动外壳315进行升降以及升降的高度。
又例如，升降转动机构410可以包括支架，并且可以通过加样机构 100或者驱动外壳315与支架之间的安装角度控制加样机构100的角度。
本发明实施例的第五个方面在于，提供一种加样系统500。
参照图20，在一些实施例中，该加样系统500可以包括加样机构100、天平510和控制器520。其中，加样机构100适于将外部容器211内的试剂输送至容器211外的试剂瓶内；天平510设置于试剂瓶下方，并且适于称量输送至试剂瓶内的试剂的质量；控制器520分别与天平510和加样机构100连接，并且适于基于天平510称量的质量调节输送机构运动的速度。
在具体实施中，该加样系统500中的加样机构100可以包括本发明实施例的第一个方面提供的加样机构100。
在一些实施例中，输送机构可以包括传送带127。在此情形下，控制器520可以与传送带127的驱动机构连接，并且通过该驱动机构调节传送带127的传动速度。
在另一些实施例中，输送机构可以包括第一螺杆112。在此情形下，控制器520可以与第一螺杆112的驱动机构310连接，并且通过该驱动机构310调节第一螺杆112的转速。
在一些实施例中，当输送至试剂瓶内的试剂的质量还没有接近试剂的目标质量时，可以使第一螺杆112以较高的转速旋转，从而使试剂快速被输送至试剂瓶内。而当输送至试剂瓶内的试剂的质量接近试剂的目标质量时，可以使第一螺杆112以较低的转速旋转，从而使试剂缓慢被输送至试剂瓶内，以防止试剂快速输送而导致输送试剂过量的问题产生。
可以理解的是，试剂的目标质量表示期望称取的试剂的质量。
采用上述技术方案，通过结合称量反馈来调节加样机构100中的第一螺杆112的转速，可以控制输出试剂的质量流量，从而更好地实现试剂的精确称量取样。
经大量试验证明，采用本发明实施例提供的加样机构100、加样器200、加样装置300、加样设备400、加样系统500，输出试剂的质量流量 可控并且在给样速度不变时保持恒定，如此可以有效地保证取样的精度。
尽管上文已经描述了本发明的具体实施方案，但这些实施方案并非要限制本发明公开的范围，即使仅相对于特定特征描述单个实施方案的情况下也是如此。本发明公开中提供的特征示例意在进行例示，而非限制，除非做出不同表述。在具体实施中，可根据实际需求，在技术上可行的情况下，将一项或者多项从属权利要求的技术特征与独立权利要求的技术特征进行组合，并可通过任何适当的方式而不是仅通过权利要求书中所列举的特定组合来组合相应权利要求的技术特征。
虽然本发明披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种加样器(200)，其特征在于，包括：
    容器(211)，其适于容纳试剂以及被驱动而旋转；
    加样机构(100)，其至少部分地设置于所述容器(211)内并且包括：
    第一通道(111)，其具有与所述容器(211)连通的第一通道第一开口(111a)以允许所述容器(211)内的试剂进入所述第一通道(111)、以及与所述第一通道(111)的外部连通的第一通道第二开口(111b)以允许所述试剂离开所述第一通道(111)；
    至少一个第一螺杆(112)，其设置于所述第一通道(111)内，并且适于被驱动以沿第一方向旋转而将所述第一通道(111)内的试剂输送至所述第一通道第二开口(111b)、以及通过调节自身的转速以控制通过所述第一通道第二开口(111b)离开的所述试剂的质量流量；
    其中，所述容器(211)的旋转速度小于所述第一螺杆(112)的旋转速度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述加样器(200)还包括驱动机构(310)；所述驱动机构(310)包括驱动电机(311)、与所述驱动电机(311)同轴连接的第二齿轮(312)、分别与所述第二齿轮(312)啮合传动连接的第三齿轮(313)和第四齿轮(314)；所述第三齿轮(313)与所述第一螺杆(112)同轴连接；所述第四齿轮(314)与所述容器(211)同轴连接；所述第二齿轮(312)适于在所述驱动电机(311)的驱动下旋转并且驱动所述第三齿轮(313)带动所述第一螺杆(112)以第一速度沿所述第一方向旋转、以及驱动所述第四齿轮(314)带动所述容器(211)以第二速度沿所述第一方向旋转；其中，所述第三齿轮(313)与所述第四齿轮(314)的直径比等于所述第二速度与所述第一速度的速度比。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述容器(211) 包括容器口；所述加样器(200)还包括适于连接所述容器口和所述加样机构(100)的接口机构(220)；所述接口机构(220)包括沿所述容器口的轴线方向贯通的接口(221)、以及依次套设于所述接口(221)内的支撑件(222)和轴承件(223)；所述接口(221)可拆卸地套设于所述容器口的外周，并且所述接口(221)和所述支撑件(222)之间具有间隙以适于接收所述容器口的侧壁(211a)；所述轴承件(223)套设于所述加样机构(100)外；所述支撑件(222)与所述轴承件(223)之间、以及所述支撑件(222)与所述容器口的侧壁(211a)之间分别设置有第一密封圈(224)和第二密封圈(225)以使所述接口机构(220)分别与所述加样机构(100)和所述容器口密封连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述加样器(200)还包括第二通道(113)以及设置于所述第二通道(113)内的至少一个第二螺杆(114)：所述第二通道(113)具有与所述第一通道第二开口(111b)连通的第二通道第一开口(113a)以允许所述第一通道(111)内的试剂进入所述第二通道(113)、与外部连通的第二通道第二开口(113b)以允许所述试剂离开所述第二通道(113)、以及与所述容器(211)连通的第二通道第三开口(113c)以允许所述试剂离开所述第二通道(113)而回到所述容器(211)；所述第二螺杆(114)与所述第一螺杆(112)啮合传动连接以在所述第一螺杆(112)沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述第一螺杆(112)的带动下沿第二方向旋转，而将所述第二通道(113)内的试剂输送至所述第二通道第二开口(113b)和所述第二通道第三开口(113c)；其中，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述第一通道第一开口(111a)位于所述第一通道(111)的中侧部；所述第一通道第二开口(111b)位于所述第一通道(111)的下侧部；所述第二通道第 一开口(113a)位于所述第二通道(113)的下侧部；所述第二通道第二开口(113b)位于所述第二通道(113)的底端；所述第二通道第三开口(113c)位于所述第二通道(113)的上侧部。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述第一螺杆(112)的顶端延伸至所述第一通道(111)外；所述第二螺杆(114)的顶端延伸至所述第二通道(113)外；所述加样器(200)还包括与所述第一螺杆(112)的顶端同轴连接的端面凸轮(115)、以及与所述第二螺杆(114)的顶端同轴连接的第一齿轮(116)；所述端面凸轮(115)与所述第一齿轮(116)啮合传动连接；所述端面凸轮(115)适于在所述第一螺杆(112)沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述第一螺杆(112)的带动下沿所述第一方向旋转，并且驱动所述第一齿轮(116)带动所述第二螺杆(114)沿所述第二方向旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述加样器(200)还包括设置于所述第一通道(111)和所述第二通道(113)上方的顶盖(117)、以及依次位于所述顶盖(117)和所述端面凸轮(115)之间并且仅适于沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向运动的弹性件(118)和凸轮配合件(119)；所述凸轮配合件(119)适于在所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述端面凸轮(115)的驱动下沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向往复运动、以及在所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第二方向旋转时限制所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第二方向的旋转；所述弹性件(118)适于在所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第一方向旋转时在所述凸轮配合件(119)的作用下压缩以及释放所述压缩。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述端面凸轮(115)面向所述凸轮配合件(119)的一端具有一对第一斜面(115a) 和一对第一立面(115b)；所述凸轮配合件(119)面向所述端面凸轮(115)的一端具有一对第二斜面(119a)和一对第二立面(119b)；其中，第一斜面(115a)与第二斜面(119a)相接合，第一立面(115b)与第二立面(119b)相接合；在所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第一方向旋转时，所述第一立面(115b)远离与其相接合的第二立面(119b)，所述第一斜面(115a)相对于与其相接合的第二斜面(119a)旋转并且推动所述凸轮配合件(119)沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向往复运动；在所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第二方向旋转时，所述第二立面(119b)阻挡与其相接合的第一立面(115b)旋转以限制所述端面凸轮(115)沿所述第二方向旋转。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述凸轮配合件(119)包括设置于其侧部的导向块(119c)；所述顶盖(117)的侧部具有沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向延伸的导向槽，以接收所述导向块(119c)、并且允许所述导向块(119c)在其中沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向往复运动。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述第一螺杆(112)的顶端依次穿过所述端面凸轮(115)和所述凸轮配合件(119)并且延伸至所述凸轮配合件(119)的上方；所述凸轮配合件(119)具有设置其内圈的支撑沿(119d)；所述弹性件(118)包括弹簧；所述弹簧套设于所述第一螺杆(112)的顶端外并且其两端分别与所述顶盖(117)的内端面和所述支撑沿(119d)抵接，其适于在所述凸轮配合件(119)沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向向上运动时压缩、以及释放所述压缩以使所述凸轮配合件(119)沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向向下运动，而使所述凸轮配合件(119)适于沿所述第一螺杆(112)的轴线方向往复运动。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述加样器(200)还包括适于封闭以及打开所述第二通道第二开口(113b)的出口阀(120)；所述出口阀(120)与所述第二通道(113)靠近所述第二通道第二开口(113b)的一端转动连接，并且适于被驱动以沿第三方向转动而封闭所述第二通道第二开口(113b)、以及沿第四方向转动以打开所述第二通道第二开口(113b)；其中，所述第四方向与所述第三方向相反。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述出口阀(120)包括封闭部(121)；所述封闭部(121)包括适于面向所述第二通道第二开口(113b)设置的密封件；所述密封件适于在所述出口阀(120)沿所述第三方向转动时逐渐靠近并且面向所述第二通道第二开口(113b)以适于嵌入所述第二通道第二开口(113b)而将其封闭、以及在所述出口阀(120)沿所述第四方向转动时从所述第二通道第二开口(113b)脱离并且远离所述第二通道第二开口(113b)而将所述出口阀(120)打开。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，所述加样器(300)还包括设置于所述第二通道(113)的外侧的卡勾块(123)；所述出口阀(120)包括与所述封闭部(121)连接，并且相对于所述封闭部(121)弯折以适于面向所述第二通道(113)的侧部设置的卡勾部(122)；所述卡勾部(122)包括朝向所述卡勾块(123)设置的卡勾槽(122a)；所述卡勾槽(122a)适于在所述出口阀(120)沿所述第三方向转动时朝着所述卡勾块(123)运动并且在运动至所述卡勾块(123)时被所述卡勾块(123)限位以使所述密封件面向所述第二通道第二开口(113b)设置、以及在所述出口阀(120)沿所述第四方向转动时离开所述卡勾块(123)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的加样器(200)，其特征在于，在所述卡勾槽(122a)被所述卡勾块(123)限位时，所述卡勾槽(122a)与所述卡勾块(123)的底部相抵接以限制所述出口阀(120)向上运动。
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CN115508574A (zh) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-23 时新(上海)产品设计有限公司 加样装置
CN115561476A (zh) * 2022-09-29 2023-01-03 时新(上海)产品设计有限公司 加样设备
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