WO2024066197A1 - 储能参与需求响应方法、装置及介质 - Google Patents
储能参与需求响应方法、装置及介质 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 359
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
- H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of smart grid technology, and in particular to a method, device and medium for energy storage to participate in demand response.
- Demand response relies on the user side to adjust the load.
- the scenarios for participating in demand response are single, and the user side's ability to participate in demand response is limited.
- Demand response based on the energy storage response value can easily lead to overcharging and discharging, reduce service life, and increase the corresponding cost of energy storage participating in demand. Relying on energy storage to participate in demand response makes it difficult to consider the recovery of energy storage charge state, and it is impossible to maintain a good charge state, affecting the subsequent operation of energy storage.
- the present application provides a method, device and medium for energy storage to participate in demand response, so as to solve the problems of single demand response mode and prevent excessive charging and discharging of energy storage, improve response flexibility and response capability, and reduce the life attenuation of energy storage system.
- a method for energy storage to participate in demand response comprising:
- the response methods include restoring the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- an energy storage participating in demand response device characterized in that it comprises:
- a data acquisition module used to obtain the power consumption change value of the user participating in the demand response and the peak shaving response load and valley filling response load corresponding to the user;
- a demand response module used to determine a response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the power consumption change value, the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load;
- the response methods include restoring the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- an electronic device comprising:
- the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method for energy storage to participate in demand response described in any embodiment of the present application.
- a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the energy storage participation demand response method described in any embodiment of the present application when executed.
- the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application fully considers the personalized needs of users by obtaining the power consumption change value of users participating in demand response and the peak shaving response load and valley filling response load corresponding to the users; and determines the response mode of the energy storage participating in demand response according to the power consumption change value, the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load.
- the response mode includes restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage to participate in demand response according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
- FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage to participate in demand response according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;
- FIG3 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage to participate in demand response according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;
- FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device for participating in demand response according to Embodiment 3 of the present application;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements the energy storage participation demand response method of an embodiment of the present application
- Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage participating in demand response, which is provided as an example in the first embodiment of the present application. This embodiment is applicable to situations where energy storage participates in demand response.
- the method can be executed by an energy storage participating in demand response method device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and/or software, and can be configured in an electronic device.
- the method of this embodiment may specifically include:
- the power consumption change value can be understood as the power that users can use to participate in demand response.
- Peak shaving response load can be the power load that can be reduced during peak power consumption.
- Valley filling response load can be the power load that can be reduced during low power consumption.
- the power load can be increased during off-peak hours.
- obtaining the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load corresponding to the user may include: determining the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load currently corresponding to the user based on the peak shaving response load during the historical peak power consumption period and the valley filling response load during the historical valley power consumption period, or obtaining the pre-set peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load corresponding to the user.
- obtaining the electricity consumption change value of the user participating in the demand response may be determining the electricity consumption change value of the user participating in the demand response according to the electricity service cost of the user in each time period and the user's sensitivity to the electricity service cost.
- the response mode can be understood as controlling the way in which the energy storage participates in the demand response.
- the correspondence between demand and response mode can include: one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, many-to-many, etc.
- the response methods may include restoring the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the need to restore the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power, etc.
- the energy storage participating in demand response method may further include: determining the maximum discharge power and maximum charging power of the energy storage based on a power curve of the energy storage system, wherein the power curve is constructed using a logistic function; and/or determining the charging recovery state of charge power and the discharging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage based on a state of charge recovery demand curve of the energy storage system.
- the energy storage system's state of charge recovery demand curve may be a curve representing the relationship between power value and energy storage state of charge.
- the energy storage system's state of charge recovery requirements may include: when the state of charge capacity is too large, charging and/or discharging needs to be limited; when the state of charge capacity is too small, discharging and/or discharging needs to be limited; Charging.
- a higher curve represents a greater demand, and discharging is stopped and/or charging is performed.
- a lower curve represents a smaller demand, and charging is stopped and/or discharging is performed.
- different response modes can be set for different working conditions, which can enrich the demand response scenarios, combine the state of charge to perform power constraints, effectively avoid the problem of excessive charging and discharging of energy storage and reducing service life, enable energy storage and adjustable loads to better participate in demand response, and improve the flexibility of demand regulation.
- the technical solution of this embodiment determines different response modes of energy storage participating in demand response by obtaining the power consumption change value of the user participating in demand response and the peak shaving response load and valley filling response load corresponding to the user, and determines the response mode of energy storage participating in demand response according to the power consumption change value, the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load, wherein the response mode includes restoring the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- the technical solution of this embodiment solves the problem that the demand response scenario is single and the adjustment capacity is limited, and only relying on energy storage to participate in demand response is prone to overcharging and discharging, which reduces the service life, and achieves the beneficial effects of preventing overcharging and discharging of energy storage, improving the response flexibility and response capacity, reducing the life decay of the energy storage system, and optimizing resource allocation.
- FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for energy storage to participate in demand response provided in Example 2 of the present application. This embodiment is a further refinement of the above embodiment. As shown in FIG2, the method includes:
- the change in electricity consumption of the user participating in demand response can be represented by P
- the peak shaving response load corresponding to the user can be represented by P up
- the valley filling response load corresponding to the user can be represented by P dn .
- S220 Determine a response threshold for enabling energy storage to participate in demand response, use the inverse of the product of the valley filling response load and the response threshold as a first boundary value, and use the product of the peak shaving response load and the response threshold as a second boundary value, wherein the response threshold is greater than 0 and not greater than 1.
- ⁇ may be used to represent the response threshold, and in this case, the value range of ⁇ may be 0 ⁇ 1.
- the inverse of the product of the valley filling response load and the response threshold is used as the first boundary value, which may be - ⁇ P dn
- the product of the peak clipping response load and the response threshold is used as the second boundary value, which may be ⁇ P up .
- the response mode of energy storage participating in demand response can be determined according to the magnitude relationship between the power consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value.
- the determining of a response mode of the energy storage participating in demand response according to the power consumption change value, the first boundary value - ⁇ P dn and the second boundary value ⁇ P up includes: when the power consumption change value is not less than the first boundary value and not greater than the second boundary value, controlling the energy storage to participate in demand response according to the energy storage state of charge, the charging state of charge recovery power of the energy storage and the discharging state of charge recovery power.
- the charging power of the energy storage to restore the state of charge can be represented by P cr
- the discharging power of the energy storage to restore the state of charge can be represented by P dr .
- the state of charge is restored preferentially according to the energy storage state of charge SOC(t), the charging state of charge recovery power P cr of the energy storage, and the discharging state of charge recovery power P dr .
- the current state of charge of the energy storage can be calculated based on the time interval, the output data of the energy storage at the current moment, and the energy capacity of the energy storage. Specifically, the following formula can be used for calculation:
- SOC(t) represents the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment
- ⁇ t is the time interval
- Pref is the output data of the energy storage at the current moment
- Est is the rated capacity of the energy storage.
- the energy storage is controlled to restore the state of charge first according to the current state of charge of the energy storage, the charging state of charge recovery power P cr of the energy storage, and the discharging state of charge recovery power P dr of the energy storage.
- the output data of the energy storage at the current moment is different, and the value of the user-adjustable load participating in the demand response is also different.
- the energy storage is restored to the state of charge first.
- the calculation of the current output value Pref of the energy storage may include the following situations:
- the current output value of the energy storage may be the negative value of the charging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage -P cr ;
- the current output value of the energy storage can be 0;
- the current output value of the energy storage can be the discharge recovery value. Recharge state power value.
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment can be calculated by the following formula:
- the user can adjust the value of the load participating in the demand response to PP ref .
- P st is used to represent the energy storage power corresponding to the user.
- the power consumption change value is greater than the second boundary value and not greater than the sum of the peak shaving response load and the energy storage power corresponding to the user, that is, ⁇ P up ⁇ P ⁇ P st +P up , the energy storage participates in the peak shaving response considering the maximum discharge power and the need to restore the state of charge.
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment may include the following:
- the current output value of the energy storage can be the maximum value in the interval ⁇ P dmax -P cr , 0 ⁇ , where P dmax represents the maximum discharge power;
- the current output value of the energy storage may be the maximum discharge power value P dmax ;
- the current output value of the energy storage may be a minimum value within the interval ⁇ P amax +P dr , P dmax ⁇ .
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment can be calculated by the following formula:
- the value of the user-adjustable load participating in demand response is PP ref ;
- the energy storage takes into account the maximum charging power and the need to restore the state of charge to participate in the valley filling response.
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment may include the following:
- the current output value of the energy storage may be the maximum value in the interval ⁇ -P cmax -P cr , -P cmax ⁇ , where P cmax represents the maximum charging power;
- the current output value of the energy storage may be the opposite of the maximum charging power -P cmax ;
- the current output value of the energy storage may be a minimum value within the interval ⁇ -P cmax +P dr , 0 ⁇ .
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment can be calculated by the following formula:
- the value of the user-adjustable load participating in demand response is PP ref ;
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment can be: the output data of the energy storage at the current moment is equal to the maximum discharge power value.
- the user can adjust the load participating in the demand response value to P up .
- the output data Pref of the energy storage at the current moment may be: the output data of the energy storage at the current moment is the maximum charging power value.
- the value of the user-adjustable load participating in demand response is -P dn ;
- the method of determining the response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response based on the power consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value may include: when the power consumption change value is greater than the second boundary value and not greater than the sum of the peak shaving response load and the energy storage power corresponding to the user, controlling the energy storage to participate in the demand response based on the maximum discharge power, the charging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage and the discharge recovery state of charge power.
- the maximum discharge depth of the energy storage and the need to restore the energy storage state of charge can be determined to participate in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power P dmax , the charging state of charge power P cr of the energy storage, and the discharging state of charge power P dr of the energy storage.
- P cr represents the charging state of charge power
- P dr represents the discharging state of charge power
- the maximum discharge power is P dmax , which can be calculated based on the energy storage power, the initial power value, the charge state of the energy storage at the current moment, the minimum limit value of the energy storage charge state, and the lower value of the energy storage charge state.
- the maximum discharge power P dmax can be calculated based on the following formula:
- P dmax is the maximum discharge power
- P st is the configured energy storage power
- P 0 is the initial value
- SOC(t) is the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment
- SOC min is the minimum limit of the energy storage state of charge
- SOC low is the lower value of the energy storage state of charge.
- determining the response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the power consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value may include: when the power consumption change value is not less than the difference between the inverse of the energy storage power corresponding to the user and the valley filling response load and is less than the first boundary value, controlling the energy storage to participate in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power, the charging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage and the discharging recovery state of charge power.
- the maximum charging depth of the energy storage and the recovery state of charge requirement are determined to participate in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power Pcmax , the charging recovery state of charge power Pcr and the discharging recovery state of charge power Pdr of the energy storage.
- the maximum charging power P cmax can be calculated based on the energy storage power, the initial power value, the upper limit of the energy storage charge state, the higher value of the energy storage charge state, and the charge state of the energy storage at the current moment.
- the maximum charging power P cmax can be calculated according to the following formula:
- Pcmax is the maximum charging power
- Pst is the configured energy storage power
- P0 represents the initial value
- SOCmax is the upper limit of the energy storage state of charge
- SOChigh is the higher value of the energy storage state of charge
- SOC(t) represents the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment.
- determining the response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the electricity consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value may include: when the electricity consumption change value is greater than the sum of the peak shaving response load and the energy storage power corresponding to the user, controlling the energy storage to participate in the peak shaving response at the maximum discharge power and to participate in the valley filling response at the maximum charging power.
- determining the response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the power consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value may include: when the power consumption change value is less than When the inverse of the energy storage power corresponding to the user is different from the valley filling response load, the energy storage is controlled to participate in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the demand for restoring the state of charge.
- the energy storage is controlled to participate in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power Pcmax and the demand for restoring the state of charge.
- the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can distinguish different working conditions, and set different response modes of energy storage participating in demand response according to different working conditions, so that the mode of energy storage participating in demand response is more flexible and the refined control of energy storage participating in demand response is realized.
- FIG3 provides a flow chart of an optional example of a method for energy storage to participate in demand response. As shown in FIG3 , the method for energy storage to participate in demand response specifically includes the following steps:
- the maximum charging power is P cmax , which is calculated as follows:
- Pcmax is the maximum charging power
- Pst is the configured energy storage power
- P0 represents the initial value
- SOCmax is the upper limit of the energy storage state of charge
- SOChigh is the higher value of the energy storage state of charge
- SOC(t) represents the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment.
- P dmax the maximum discharge power
- P dmax is the maximum discharge power
- P st is the configured energy storage power
- P 0 is the initial value
- SOC(t) is the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment
- SOC min is the minimum limit of the energy storage state of charge.
- SOC low is the lower value of the energy storage charge state.
- the charge state of the energy storage at the current moment can be calculated by the following formula:
- SOC(t) represents the state of charge of the energy storage at the current moment
- ⁇ t is the time interval
- Pref is the output data of the energy storage at the current moment.
- Pdr is the discharge recovery state of charge power
- SOCrh is the higher charge value set by the energy storage recovery state of charge demand curve
- SOCrl is the lower charge value set by the energy storage recovery state of charge demand curve.
- P cr is the charging recovery state of charge power
- SOC rh is the higher charge value set by the energy storage recovery state of charge demand curve
- SOC rl is the lower charge value set by the energy storage recovery state of charge demand curve.
- the value of user-adjustable load participating in demand response is PP ref .
- the value of user-adjustable load participating in demand response is PP ref .
- the value of user-adjustable load participating in demand response is PP ref ;
- the value of user-adjustable load participating in demand response is P up ;
- the value of user adjustable load participating in demand response is -P dn ;
- the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application aims at the problem that the scenario of relying solely on the adjustable load on the user side to participate in demand response is single and the adjustment ability is limited.
- This method combines the excellent adjustment ability of energy storage to propose a method for participating in demand response under five operating conditions, thereby improving the flexibility and ability of demand response adjustment.
- this method uses a logistic function to limit the value of energy storage participating in demand response to reduce excessive charging and discharging of energy storage.
- this method uses the adjustable load on the user side to give priority to restoring the state of charge under certain conditions or take into account the restoration of the state of charge, so that it can maintain a good state of charge while participating in demand response, thereby having a certain upward and downward adjustment margin and extending the service life of energy storage.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for energy storage participating in demand response provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4 , the device includes: a data acquisition module 410 and a demand response module 420 .
- the data acquisition module 410 is used to obtain the power consumption change value of the user participating in the demand response and a peak shaving response load and a valley filling response load corresponding to the user; a demand response module 420, used to determine a response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the power consumption change value, the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load; wherein the response mode includes restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- the energy storage participating in demand response device obtains the power consumption change value of the user participating in the demand response and the peak shaving response load and valley filling response load corresponding to the user through the data acquisition module; the demand response module determines the response mode of the energy storage participating in the demand response according to the power consumption change value, the peak shaving response load and the valley filling response load; wherein the response mode includes restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power and the demand for restoring the state of charge, participating in the peak shaving response according to the maximum discharge power, and participating in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power.
- This embodiment solves the problem that the demand response scenario is single and the adjustment ability is limited, and only relying on energy storage to participate in the demand response is prone to overcharging and discharging, reducing the service life, and achieves the beneficial effects of preventing excessive charging and discharging of energy storage, improving the response flexibility and response ability, reducing the life decay of the energy storage system, and optimizing resource allocation.
- the demand response module includes: a boundary value determination unit and a response mode determination unit.
- the boundary value determination unit is used to determine the response threshold for enabling energy storage to participate in demand response, taking the inverse of the product of the valley filling response load and the response threshold as the first boundary value, and taking the product of the peak shaving response load and the response threshold as the second boundary value, wherein the response threshold is greater than 0 and not greater than 1;
- the response mode determination unit is used to determine the response mode of the energy storage participating in demand response according to the power consumption change value, the first boundary value and the second boundary value.
- the response mode determination unit is used to:
- the energy storage is controlled to participate in demand response according to the energy storage state of charge, the charging state of charge recovery power and the discharging state of charge recovery power of the energy storage.
- the response mode determination unit is used to:
- the energy storage is controlled to participate in demand response according to the maximum discharge power, the charging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage, and the discharging recovery state of charge power.
- the response mode determination unit is used to:
- the power consumption change value is not less than the difference between the inverse of the energy storage power corresponding to the user and the valley filling response load and is less than the first boundary value, the maximum charging power, the The charging recovery state of charge power and the discharging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage control the energy storage to participate in the valley filling response.
- the response mode determination unit is used to:
- the energy storage is controlled to participate in the peak shaving response at the maximum discharge power and to participate in the valley filling response at the maximum charging power.
- the response mode determination unit is used to:
- the energy storage is controlled to participate in the valley filling response according to the maximum charging power and the charge state recovery requirement.
- the energy storage participating in demand response device further includes: an energy storage charging and discharging power determination module and/or a charge recovery state determination module.
- the energy storage charging and discharging power determination module is used to determine the maximum charging and discharging power and the maximum charging power of the energy storage based on the power curve of the energy storage system, wherein the power curve is constructed using a logistic function;
- the charge recovery state determination module is used to determine the charging recovery state of charge power and the discharging recovery state of charge power of the energy storage based on the recovery state of charge demand curve of the energy storage system.
- the energy storage participating in demand response device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the energy storage participating in demand response method provided in any embodiment of the present disclosure, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
- Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present application.
- the electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers.
- the electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices.
- the components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and/or required herein.
- the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a The processor 11 is connected to a memory in communication with the electronic device 10, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored.
- the processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through the bus 14.
- the input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.
- a number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc.
- the communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
- the processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc.
- the processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the energy storage participating in the demand response method.
- the energy storage participation demand response method can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18.
- a computer-readable storage medium such as a storage unit 18.
- part or all of the computer program can be loaded and/or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19.
- the processor 11 can be configured to execute the energy storage participation demand response method in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).
- Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof.
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- ASSPs application specific standard products
- SOCs systems on chips
- CPLDs load programmable logic devices
- Various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and/or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
- a programmable processor which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
- the computer program for implementing the method of the present application may be in any of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram are implemented.
- the computer program can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a separate software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.
- a computer readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or equipment.
- a computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
- a computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium.
- a more specific example of a machine readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
- RAM random access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- EPROM or flash memory erasable programmable read-only memory
- CD-ROM portable compact disk read-only memory
- CD-ROM compact disk read-only memory
- magnetic storage device or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
- the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device.
- a display device e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor
- a keyboard and a pointing device e.g., a mouse or trackball
- Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).
- the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components.
- the components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.
- a computing system may include a client and a server.
- the client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network.
- the client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other.
- the server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种储能参与需求响应方法、装置及介质。通过获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。本申请实施例的技术方案，能够根据用户用电变化数值，削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷可确定储能参与需求的不同响应方式，提高了响应灵活性和响应能力。
Description
本申请要求在2022年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211218156.8的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及智能电网技术领域，尤其涉及储能参与需求响应方法、装置及介质。
随着海量可再生能源的接入以及用户侧负荷的不断激增，电力系统的峰谷差被不断拉大，过大的峰谷差将对电力系统电能的生产、质量、安全以及经济运行造成危害，对供电企业及用户都具有较大影响。
需求响应依靠用户侧调节负荷，参与需求响应的场景单一，用户侧参与需求响应的能力有限，根据储能响应数值进行需求响应，易导致过度充放电，减少使用寿命，提高储能参与需求相应的成本，依靠储能参与需求响应，难以考虑储能荷电状态恢复，无法保持较好的荷电状态，影响储能后续运行。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种储能参与需求响应方法、装置及介质，以解决需求响应方式单一、防止储能过度充放电的问题，提高了响应灵活性和响应能力，减少储能系统的寿命衰减。
根据本申请的一方面，提供了一种储能参与需求响应方法，包括：
获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；
根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；
其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种储能参与需求响应装置，其特征在于，包括：
数据获取模块，用于获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；
需求响应模块，用于根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；
其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
至少一个处理器；以及
与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，
所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行本申请任一实施例所述的储能参与需求响应方法。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令用于使处理器执行时实现本申请任一实施例所述的储能参与需求响应方法。
本申请实施例的技术方案，通过获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷，充分考虑用户的个性化需求；根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式。其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应，解决了需求响应的场景单一且调节能力有限，仅靠储能参与需求响应易造成过度充放电，减少使用寿命的问题，达到了防止储能过度充放电，提高了响应灵活性和响应能力，减少储能系统的寿命衰减，优化资源配置的有益效果。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本申请实施例一提供的一种储能参与需求响应方法的流程图；
图2是根据本申请实施例二提供的一种储能参与需求响应方法的流程图；
图3是根据本申请实施例二提供的一种储能参与需求响应方法的流程图；
图4是根据本申请实施例三提供的一种储能参与需求响应装置的结构示意图；
图5是实现本申请实施例的储能参与需求响应方法的电子设备的结构示意图；
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“包括”、“具有”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例一提供了一种储能参与需求响应方法的流程图，本实施例可适用于储能参与需求响应的情况，该方法可以由储能参与需求响应方法装置来执行，该储能参与需求响应装置可以采用硬件和/或软件的形式实现，该储能参与需求响应方法装置可配置于电子设备中。
如图1所示，本实施例的方法具体可包括：
S110、获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷。
其中，用电变化数值可以理解为用户可用于参与需求响应的电功率。削峰响应负荷可以为用电高峰期可以减少的电力负荷。填谷响应负荷可以为用电低
谷期可以增加的电力负荷。
可选的，获取与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷，可以包括：根据历史高峰用电期的削峰响应负荷及历史低谷用电期的填谷响应负荷，确定当前与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷，或，获取预先设定的与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷。
可选地，获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值可以是根据用户对各个时段的用电服务代价及用户对用电服务代价的敏感度确定用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值。
本申请实施例中，通过获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷，可更好的了解用户参与需求响应的积极性，了解用户侧可调节负荷参与度，更准确确定不同区域、不同时期用户参与负荷调节的能力。
S120、根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式。
其中，响应方式可以理解为控制所述储能以何种方式参与需求响应。当前根据不同工况下所支持的方式，响应方式可包括多种，不同的需求可对应不同的响应方式。需求和响应方式的对应关系可以包括：一对一、一对多、多对一以及多对多等。
其中，所述响应方式可以包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应等。
在本申请实施例中，确定储能的最大放电功率和最大充电功率，以及，确定充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率的方式可以有多种。
可选地，所述储能参与需求响应方法，还可以包括：基于储能系统的功率曲线确定储能的最大放电功率和最大充电功率，其中，所述功率曲线采用logistic函数构建；和/或，基于储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求曲线，确定所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率。
其中，储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求曲线可以为表示功率值与储能荷电状态关系的曲线。
其中，储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求，可以包括：荷电状态的电容量过大时，需限制充电和/或进行放电，荷电状态的电容量过小时，限制放电和/或进行
充电。示例性地，基于储能系统的恢复荷电状态的需求曲线，曲线较高代表需求较大，停止放电和/或进行充电，反之，曲线较低代表需求较小，停止充电和/或进行放电。
在本申请实施例中，可以为不同的工况设置不同的响应方式，可丰富需求响应的场景，结合荷电状态进行功率约束，有效避免储能过度充放电减少使用寿命的问题，实现储能与可调节负荷更好地参与需求响应，提高需求调节的灵活性。
本实施例的技术方案，通过获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值及与用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷，根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式确定储能参与需求响应的不同响应方式，其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。本实施例的技术方案解决了需求响应的场景单一且调节能力有限，仅靠储能参与需求响应易造成过度充放电，减少使用寿命的问题，达到了防止储能过度充放电，提高了响应灵活性和响应能力，减少储能系统的寿命衰减，优化资源配置的有益效果。
实施例二
图2为本申请实施例二提供的一种储能参与需求响应方法的流程图，本实施例是对上述实施例的进一步的细化。如图2所示，该方法包括：
S210、获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷。
为了便于描述，在本申请实施例中，可以将用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值用P表示，将用户对应的削峰响应负荷用Pup表示，将用户对应的填谷响应负荷用Pdn表示。
S220、确定启用储能参与需求响应的响应阈值，将所述填谷响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积的相反数作为第一边界值，将所述削峰响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积作为第二边界值，其中，所述响应阈值大于0且不大于1。
在本申请实施例中，可以采用λ表示响应阈值，此时，λ的取值范围可以为0＜λ≤1。具体的，所述将所述填谷响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积的相反数作为第一边界值，可以为-λPdn，将所述削峰响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积作为第二边界值，可以为λPup。
S230、根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式。
具体地，可以根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值之间的大小关系，确定储能参与需求响应的响应方式。
可选地，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值-λPdn和所述第二边界值λPup确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值的情况下，根据所述储能荷电状态、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
在本公开实施例中，储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率可以用Pcr表示,储能的放电恢复荷电状态功率可以用Pdr表示。
可选的，当在用电变化数值P不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值，即，-λPdn≤P≤λPup时，根据所述储能荷电状态SOC(t)、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率Pcr以及放电恢复荷电状态功率Pdr，优先恢复荷电状态。
其中，储能当前时刻的荷电状态可根据时间间隔、储能当前时刻的出力数据、以及储能的能量容量计算得到。具体地，可以采用如下公式进行计算：
其中，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态，Δt为时间间隔；Pref为储能当前时刻的出力数据,Est为储能的额定容量。
可选的，在用电变化数值P不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值，-λPdn≤P≤λPup时，则根据储能当前荷电状态、储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率Pcr及放电恢复荷电状态功率Pdr控制储能优先恢复荷电状态。
可选的，储能当前时刻的出力数据不同，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值也不同。
可选的，当在用电变化数值P不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值，-λPdn≤P≤λPup时，储能优先恢复荷电状态。此时计算储能当前出力值Pref可包括以下情况：
当荷电状态小于储能荷电状态的较低值时，储能当前出力值可以为储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率的负值-Pcr；
当荷电状态不小于储能荷电状态的较低值且不大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为0；
当荷电状态大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为放电恢
复荷电状态功率值。
其中，储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可由下式计算：
此时，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref。
在本申请实施例中，采用Pst表示用户对应的储能功率可选的，在所述用电变化数值大于所述第二边界值且不大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，即，λPup＜P≤Pst+Pup，储能考虑最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应。
可选地，储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可以包括以下情况：
当荷电状态小于预设的储能荷电状态的较低值时，储能当前出力值可以为区间{Pdmax-Pcr，0}内的最大值，其中，Pdmax表示最大放电功率；
当荷电状态不小于储能荷电状态的较低值且不大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为最大放电功率值Pdmax；
当荷电状态大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为区间{Pamax+Pdr，Pdmax}内的最小值。
其中，储能当前时刻的储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可由下式计算：
此时，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref；
可选的，在所述用电变化数值不小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值且小于所述第一边界值的情况下，-Pst-Pdn≤P＜-λPdn，储能考虑最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应，此时储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可以包括以下情况：
当荷电状态小于预先设置的储能荷电状态的较低值时，储能当前出力值可以为区间{-Pcmax-Pcr，-Pcmax}内的最大值，其中，Pcmax表示最大充电功率；
当荷电状态不小于储能荷电状态的较低值且不大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为最大充电功率的相反数-Pcmax；
当荷电状态大于储能荷电状态的较高值时，储能当前出力值可以为区间{-Pcmax+Pdr，0}内的最小值。
其中，储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可由下式计算：
此时，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref；
可选的，在用电变化数值大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，P＞Pst+Pup，储能按最大充电功率参与填谷响应，此时储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可以为：储能当前时刻的出力数据等于最大放电功率值。
其中，储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可由下式计算：
Pref＝Pcmax
Pref＝Pcmax
此时，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为Pup。
可选的，在所述用电变化数值小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值的情况，P＜-Pst-Pdn，此时储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可以为：储能当前时刻的出力数据为最大充电功率值。
其中，储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref可由下式计算：
Pref＝Pcmax
Pref＝Pcmax
此时，用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为-Pdn；
可选的，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，可以包括：在所述用电变化数值大于所述第二边界值且不大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，根据所述最大放电功率、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
即，在λPup＜P≤Pst+Pup的情况下，可以根据最大放电功率Pdmax，储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率Pcr，储能的放电恢复荷电状态功率Pdr，确定储能的最大放电深度及恢复储能荷电状态的需求参与削峰响应。其中，Pcr表示充电恢复荷电状态功率，Pdr表示放电恢复荷电状态功率
在申请实施例中,可选地，最大放电功率为Pdmax,可以根据储能功率、功率初始值、储能当前时刻的荷电状态、储能荷电状态的最低限值、储能荷电状态的较低值计算得到。
具体地，最大放电功率为Pdmax可以基于如下公式进行计算：
其中，Pdmax为最大放电功率，Pst为所配置的储能功率,P0表示初始值，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态，SOCmin为储能荷电状态的最低限值，SOClow为储能荷电状态的较低值，
可选的，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，可以包括：在所述用电变化数值不小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值且小于所述第一边界值的情况下，根据所述最大充电功率、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与填谷响应。
即，在-Pst-Pdn≤P＜-λPdn的情况下，根据最大充电功率Pcmax，储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率Pcr和储能的放电恢复荷电状态功率Pdr，确定储能的最大充电深度及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应。
具体的，最大充电功率为Pcmax可根据储能功率、功率初始值、储能荷电状态的最高限值、储能荷电状态的较高值以及储能当前时刻的荷电状态计算得到。示例性地，最大充电功率为Pcmax可根据如下公式进行计算：
其中，Pcmax为最大充电功率，Pst为所配置的储能功率，P0表示初始值，SOCmax为储能荷电状态的最高限值，SOChigh为储能荷电状态的较高值，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态。
可选的，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，可以包括：在所述用电变化数值大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，控制所述储能按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
即，在P＞Pst+Pup最大充电功率为Pcmax控制储能按照最大放电功率Pdmax，参与削峰响应。
可选的，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，可以包括：在所述用电变化数值小于
所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值的情况下，控制所述储能根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应。
即，在P＜-Pst-Pdn的情况下，控制储能根据最大充电功率Pcmax及恢复荷电状态的需求参与填谷响应。
本申请实施例的技术方案，能够区分不同的工况，且针对不同的工况设置储能参与需求响应的不同响应方式，使得储能参与需求响应的方式更为灵活，实现储能参与需求响应的精细化控制。
图3提供了一种储能参与需求响应方法的可选实例的流程示意图。如图3所示，该储能参与需求响应方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)根据各个时间段设置的用电服务代价及所测算用户对用电服务代价的敏感度，确定用户参与需求响应的数值P；
(2)读取该用户的可参与削峰响应的负荷(削峰响应负荷)为Pup，可参与填谷响应的负荷(填谷响应负荷)为Pdn，该用户所配置的储能功率为Pst，储能的额定容量为Est；
(3)设置储能系统的logistic功率曲线，用以限制储能的最大充放电功率以防止储能的过度充放电，减少充放电深度。具体地，最大充电功率为Pcmax，具体计算如下：
其中，Pcmax为最大充电功率，Pst为所配置的储能功率，P0表示初始值，SOCmax为储能荷电状态的最高限值，SOChigh为储能荷电状态的较高值，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态。
具体地，最大放电功率为Pdmax，具体计算如下：
其中，Pdmax为最大放电功率，Pst为所配置的储能功率，P0表示初始值，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态，SOCmin为储能荷电状态的最低限值，
SOClow为储能荷电状态的较低值，
具体地，储能当前时刻的荷电状态，可由下式计算：
其中，SOC(t)表示储能当前时刻的荷电状态，Δt为时间间隔；Pref为储能当前时刻的出力数据。
(4)设置储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求曲线，以确定当前储能充电恢复荷电状态功率Pcr以及放电恢复荷电状态功率Pdr，具体计算如下：
其中，Pdr为放电恢复荷电状态功率，SOCrh为储能恢复荷电状态需求曲线所设置的较高荷电值，SOCrl为储能恢复荷电状态需求曲线所设置的较低荷电值。
其中，Pcr为充电恢复荷电状态功率，SOCrh为储能恢复荷电状态需求曲线所设置的较高荷电值，SOCrl为储能恢复荷电状态需求曲线所设置的较低荷电值。
(5)设置启用储能参与需求响应的阈值λ(0≤λ≤1)，用来控制是否调用储能参与需求响应；
(6)当-λPdn≤P≤λPup时，储能优先恢复荷电状态，此时储能当前时刻出力Pref为：
用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref。
(7)当λPup＜P≤Pst+Pup时，储能考虑最大放电深度及恢复荷电状态
需求参与削峰响应，此时储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref为：
用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref。
(8)当-Pst-Pdn≤P＜-λPdn时，储能考虑最大充电深度及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应，此时储能当前时刻的出力数据Pref为：
用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为P-Pref；
(9)当P＞Pst+Pup时，储能按最大放电功率参与削峰响应，此时储能当前时刻出力Pref为：
Pref＝Pdmax
Pref＝Pdmax
用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为Pup；
(10)当P＜-Pst-Pdn时，储能按最大充电功率参与填谷响应，此时储能当前时刻出力Pref为：
Pref＝Pcmax
Pref＝Pcmax
用户可调节负荷参与需求响应的值为-Pdn；
(11)判断下一时段是否为需求响应时段，若是，则进入下一时段返回执行步骤(1)，若不是，则结束。
本申请实施例的技术方案，针对仅依靠用户侧可调节负荷参与需求响应的场景单一且调节能力有限的问题，本方法结合储能优良的调节能力提出了在五种运行工况下参与需求响应的方法，提高了需求响应调节的灵活性与能力。而且，针对储能完全基于需求响应数值不结合荷电状态进行功率约束的情况下，储能将会过度充放电从而减少使用寿命的问题，本方法利用logistic函数限制储能参与需求响应的数值以减少储能的过度充放电。针对储能参与需求响应时未考虑荷电状态恢复的问题，本方法利用用户侧可调节负荷，在一定工况下优先恢复荷电状态或者兼顾恢复荷电状态，从而在参与需求响应的同时能够保持较好的荷电状态，从而具有一定的向上向下调节裕度以及延长储能使用寿命。
实施例三
图4为本申请实施例三提供的一种储能参与需求响应装置的结构示意图。如图4所示，该装置包括：数据获取模块410和需求响应模块420。
其中，数据获取模块410，用于获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及
与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；需求响应模块420，用于根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
本申请实施例所提供的储能参与需求响应装置，通过数据获取模块获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；需求响应模块，根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。本实施例解决了需求响应的场景单一且调节能力有限，仅靠储能参与需求响应易造成过度充放电，减少使用寿命的问题，达到了防止储能过度充放电，提高了响应灵活性和响应能力，减少储能系统的寿命衰减，优化资源配置的有益效果。
可选的，所述需求响应模块，包括：边界值确定单元和响应方式确定单元。其中，边界值确定单元，用于确定启用储能参与需求响应的响应阈值，将所述填谷响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积的相反数作为第一边界值，将所述削峰响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积作为第二边界值，其中，所述响应阈值大于0且不大于1；响应方式确定单元，用于根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式。
可选的，所述响应方式确定单元，用于：
在所述用电变化数值不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值的情况下，根据所述储能荷电状态、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
可选的，所述响应方式确定单元，用于：
在所述用电变化数值大于所述第二边界值且不大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，根据所述最大放电功率、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
可选的，所述响应方式确定单元，用于：
在所述用电变化数值不小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值且小于所述第一边界值的情况下，根据所述最大充电功率、所
述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与填谷响应。
可选的，所述响应方式确定单元，用于：
在所述用电变化数值大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，控制所述储能按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
可选的，所述响应方式确定单元，用于：
在所述用电变化数值小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值的情况下，控制所述储能根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应。
可选的，所述储能参与需求响应装置，还包括：储能充放电功率确定模块和/或荷电恢复状态确定模块。
其中，储能充放电功率确定模块，用于基于储能系统的功率曲线确定储能的最大充放电功率和最大充电功率，其中，所述功率曲线采用logistic函数构建；荷电恢复状态确定模块，用于基于储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求曲线，确定所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率。
本申请实施例所提供的储能参与需求响应装置可执行本公开任意实施例所提供的储能参与需求响应方法，具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。
值得注意的是，上述装置所包括的各个单元和模块只是按照功能逻辑进行划分的，但并不局限于上述的划分，只要能够实现相应的功能即可；另外，各功能单元的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本申请实施例的保护范围。
实施例四
图5示出了可以用来实施本申请的实施例的电子设备10的结构示意图。电子设备旨在表示各种形式的数字计算机，诸如，膝上型计算机、台式计算机、工作台、个人数字助理、服务器、刀片式服务器、大型计算机、和其它适合的计算机。电子设备还可以表示各种形式的移动装置，诸如，个人数字处理、蜂窝电话、智能电话、可穿戴设备(如头盔、眼镜、手表等)和其它类似的计算装置。本文所示的部件、它们的连接和关系、以及它们的功能仅仅作为示例，并且不意在限制本文中描述的和/或者要求的本申请的实现。
如图5所示，电子设备10包括至少一个处理器11，以及与至少一个处理器
11通信连接的存储器，如只读存储器(ROM)12、随机访问存储器(RAM)13等，其中，存储器存储有可被至少一个处理器执行的计算机程序，处理器11可以根据存储在只读存储器(ROM)12中的计算机程序或者从存储单元18加载到随机访问存储器(RAM)13中的计算机程序，来执行各种适当的动作和处理。在RAM 13中，还可存储电子设备10操作所需的各种程序和数据。处理器11、ROM 12以及RAM 13通过总线14彼此相连。输入/输出(I/O)接口15也连接至总线14。
电子设备10中的多个部件连接至I/O接口15，包括：输入单元16，例如键盘、鼠标等；输出单元17，例如各种类型的显示器、扬声器等；存储单元18，例如磁盘、光盘等；以及通信单元19，例如网卡、调制解调器、无线通信收发机等。通信单元19允许电子设备10通过诸如因特网的计算机网络和/或各种电信网络与其他设备交换信息/数据。
处理器11可以是各种具有处理和计算能力的通用和/或专用处理组件。处理器11的一些示例包括但不限于中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)、各种专用的人工智能(AI)计算芯片、各种运行机器学习模型算法的处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、以及任何适当的处理器、控制器、微控制器等。处理器11执行上文所描述的各个方法和处理，例如储能参与需求响应方法。
在一些实施例中，储能参与需求响应方法可被实现为计算机程序，其被有形地包含于计算机可读存储介质，例如存储单元18。在一些实施例中，计算机程序的部分或者全部可以经由ROM 12和/或通信单元19而被载入和/或安装到电子设备10上。当计算机程序加载到RAM 13并由处理器11执行时，可以执行上文描述的储能参与需求响应方法的一个或多个步骤。可选地，在其他实施例中，处理器11可以通过其他任何适当的方式(例如，借助于固件)而被配置为执行储能参与需求响应方法。
本文中以上描述的系统和技术的各种实施方式可以在数字电子电路系统、集成电路系统、场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、专用标准产品(ASSP)、芯片上系统的系统(SOC)、负载可编程逻辑设备(CPLD)、计算机硬件、固件、软件、和/或它们的组合中实现。这些各种实施方式可以包括：实施在一个或者多个计算机程序中，该一个或者多个计算机程序可在包括至少一个可编程处理器的可编程系统上执行和/或解释，该可编程处理器可以是专用或者通用可编程处理器，可以从存储系统、至少一个输入装置、和至少一个输出装置接收数据和指令，并且将数据和指令传输至该存储系统、该至少一个输入装置、和该至少一个输出装置。
用于实施本申请的方法的计算机程序可以采用一个或多个编程语言的任何
组合来编写。这些计算机程序可以提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置的处理器，使得计算机程序当由处理器执行时使流程图和/或框图中所规定的功能/操作被实施。计算机程序可以完全在机器上执行、部分地在机器上执行，作为独立软件包部分地在机器上执行且部分地在远程机器上执行或完全在远程机器或服务器上执行。
在本申请的上下文中，计算机可读存储介质可以是有形的介质，其可以包含或存储以供指令执行系统、装置或设备使用或与指令执行系统、装置或设备结合地使用的计算机程序。计算机可读存储介质可以包括但不限于电子的、磁性的、光学的、电磁的、红外的、或半导体系统、装置或设备，或者上述内容的任何合适组合。可选地，计算机可读存储介质可以是机器可读信号介质。机器可读存储介质的更具体示例会包括基于一个或多个线的电气连接、便携式计算机盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM或快闪存储器)、光纤、便捷式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光学储存设备、磁储存设备、或上述内容的任何合适组合。
为了提供与用户的交互，可以在电子设备上实施此处描述的系统和技术，该电子设备具有：用于向用户显示信息的显示装置(例如，CRT(阴极射线管)或者LCD(液晶显示器)监视器)；以及键盘和指向装置(例如，鼠标或者轨迹球)，用户可以通过该键盘和该指向装置来将输入提供给电子设备。其它种类的装置还可以用于提供与用户的交互；例如，提供给用户的反馈可以是任何形式的传感反馈(例如，视觉反馈、听觉反馈、或者触觉反馈)；并且可以用任何形式(包括声输入、语音输入或者、触觉输入)来接收来自用户的输入。
可以将此处描述的系统和技术实施在包括后台部件的计算系统(例如，作为数据服务器)、或者包括中间件部件的计算系统(例如，应用服务器)、或者包括前端部件的计算系统(例如，具有图形用户界面或者网络浏览器的用户计算机，用户可以通过该图形用户界面或者该网络浏览器来与此处描述的系统和技术的实施方式交互)、或者包括这种后台部件、中间件部件、或者前端部件的任何组合的计算系统中。可以通过任何形式或者介质的数字数据通信(例如，通信网络)来将系统的部件相互连接。通信网络的示例包括：局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、区块链网络和互联网。
计算系统可以包括客户端和服务器。客户端和服务器一般远离彼此并且通常通过通信网络进行交互。通过在相应的计算机上运行并且彼此具有客户端-服务器关系的计算机程序来产生客户端和服务器的关系。服务器可以是云服务器，又称为云计算服务器或云主机，是云计算服务体系中的一项主机产品，以解决了传统物理主机与VPS服务中，存在的管理难度大，业务扩展性弱的缺陷。
应该理解，可以使用上面所示的各种形式的流程，重新排序、增加或删除步骤。例如，本申请中记载的各步骤可以并行地执行也可以顺序地执行也可以不同的次序执行，只要能够实现本申请的技术方案所期望的结果，本文在此不进行限制。
上述具体实施方式，并不构成对本申请保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员应该明白的是，根据设计要求和其他因素，可以进行各种修改、组合、子组合和替代。任何在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种储能参与需求响应方法，包括：获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：确定启用所述储能参与需求响应的响应阈值，将所述填谷响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积的相反数作为第一边界值，将所述削峰响应负荷与所述响应阈值的乘积作为第二边界值，其中，所述响应阈值大于0且不大于1；根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值不小于所述第一边界值且不大于所述第二边界值的情况下，根据所述储能荷电状态、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值大于所述第二边界值且不大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，根据所述最大放电功率、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与需求响应。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值不小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值且小于所述第一边界值的情况下，根据所述最大充电功率、所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率控制所述储能参与填谷响应。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值大于所述削峰响应负荷与所述用户对应的储能功率的和的情况下，控制所述储能按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述用电变化数值、所述第一边界值和所述第二边界值确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式，包括：在所述用电变化数值小于所述用户对应的储能功率的相反数与所述填谷响应负荷的差值的情况下，控制所述储能根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：基于储能系统的功率曲线确定储能的最大放电功率和最大充电功率，其中，所述功率曲线采用logistic函数构建；和/或，基于储能系统的恢复荷电状态需求曲线，确定所述储能的充电恢复荷电状态功率以及放电恢复荷电状态功率。
- 一种储能参与需求响应装置，包括：数据获取模块，用于获取用户参与需求响应的用电变化数值以及与所述用户对应的削峰响应负荷和填谷响应负荷；需求响应模块，用于根据所述用电变化数值、所述削峰响应负荷和所述填谷响应负荷确定所述储能参与需求响应的响应方式；其中，所述响应方式包括恢复荷电状态、根据最大放电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与削峰响应、根据最大充电功率及恢复荷电状态需求参与填谷响应、按最大放电功率参与削峰响应以及按最大充电功率参与填谷响应。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令用于使处理器执行时实现权利要求1-8中任一项所述的储能参与需求响应方法。
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