WO2024061552A1 - Module de cellules solaires et procédé de production d'un module de cellules solaires - Google Patents

Module de cellules solaires et procédé de production d'un module de cellules solaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024061552A1
WO2024061552A1 PCT/EP2023/072825 EP2023072825W WO2024061552A1 WO 2024061552 A1 WO2024061552 A1 WO 2024061552A1 EP 2023072825 W EP2023072825 W EP 2023072825W WO 2024061552 A1 WO2024061552 A1 WO 2024061552A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar cell
connector
solar cells
cross
solar
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/072825
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Julian WEBER
Daniel VON KUTZLEBEN
Torsten Rößler
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
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Publication of WO2024061552A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024061552A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar cell module according to claim 1 and claims 16 to 18 and a method for producing a solar cell module according to claim 12.
  • Photovoltaic solar cells typically have metallic contact structures on the front. Such contacting structures are not transparent to incident electromagnetic radiation and thus reduce the area available for absorption on the front.
  • a particularly advantageous arrangement of the solar cells results in a matrix shingle arrangement.
  • several rows of solar cells, each with several solar cells are arranged spatially parallel and in the overlap area, a solar cell covers the front sides of at least two neighboring solar cells.
  • the solar cells in the matrix shingle arrangement are thus arranged offset.
  • the rows of solar cells are connected in an electrically conductive manner in order to form an electrical series connection of the rows of solar cells.
  • solar cell modules require connection elements for electrically connecting the solar cell module to external electrical elements and/or other solar cell modules.
  • bypass diodes are necessary to avoid local overheating (hotspot) and resulting damage to the solar cell module in the event of partial shading.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a solar cell module and a method for producing a solar cell module with solar cells in a matrix shingle arrangement, which enables robust and cost-effective connection to external circuits and/or internal electrical elements, in particular bypass diodes.
  • the solar cell module according to the invention is preferably produced by means of the method according to the invention, in particular by means of a preferred embodiment thereof.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably designed for producing a solar cell module according to the invention, in particular a preferred embodiment thereof.
  • the solar cell module according to the invention has a plurality of photovoltaic solar cells with electrically contactable back sides.
  • the solar cells are arranged in a matrix shingle arrangement, which has a plurality of spatially parallel solar cell rows, each with several solar cells, the solar cells being arranged to overlap in overlap areas, so that the back sides of the solar cells of a solar cell row partially cover the front sides of the solar cells of an adjacent solar cell row and the solar cells are arranged in such a way that at least one back of a solar cell of a solar cell row is the front of at least two solar cells partially covered by an adjacent row of solar cells.
  • An electrically conductive connection of the overlapping solar cells is preferably formed in the overlap area.
  • an electrical series connection of the rows of solar cells is formed by means of the electrically conductive connection in the overlap area.
  • This arrangement corresponds to the matrix shingle arrangement described above.
  • At least every non-edge solar cell of a solar cell row in particular every non-terminal solar cell row, partially covers the front sides of at least two solar cells of an adjacent solar cell row with its rear side.
  • edge solar cells of some solar cell rows can have a smaller width, so that these edge solar cells do not cover two solar cells, but only one solar cell of an adjacent solar cell row.
  • At least one solar cell row has an electrically conductive cross-connector, which covers at least 50% of the back sides of at least the non-edge solar cells of the solar cell row and electrically contacts them.
  • solar cells are arranged in a matrix shingle arrangement, so that several spatially parallel rows of solar cells are formed, each with several solar cells.
  • the rows of solar cells are arranged overlapping in overlap areas, so that the back sides of the solar cells in a solar cell row partially cover the front side of the solar cells in an adjacent solar cell row and the solar cells are arranged in such a way that at least one back side of a solar cell in a solar cell row partially covers the front sides of at least two solar cells in an adjacent solar cell row .
  • An electrically conductive connection of the overlapping solar cells is preferably formed in the overlap area. It is essential that an electrically conductive cross-connector is arranged at least on one solar cell row, which covers at least 50% of the back sides of at least the non-edge solar cells of the solar cell row and electrically contacts them.
  • a cross connector which covers at least the rear sides of a solar cell row over a large area and makes electrically conductive contact.
  • the cross connector Due to its large-area arrangement and the large-area contact with the backs of the solar cells, the cross connector offers a mechanically stable connection and thus a robust structure. In addition, due to the large area that the cross connector covers on the back of the solar cell in the solar cell row, a low absolute electrical contact resistance between the cross connector and the backs of the solar cells can be achieved. Thanks to this cost-effective and robust design, the invention thus enables the attachment of connecting elements such as connections for external wiring, junction boxes or electrical or electronic elements of the solar cell module, in particular bypass diodes.
  • the cross-connector In order to improve the mechanical stability and reduce the electrical contact resistance between the solar cells and the cross-connector, it is advantageous for the cross-connector to cover the back sides of at least the non-edge solar cells of the solar cell row by at least 60%, preferably by at least 70%, in particular at least 80% covered and electrically contacted. Accordingly, it is advantageous in the method according to the invention that the cross connector is designed to cover the back sides of at least the non-edge solar cell of the solar cell row by at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, and is designed to make electrical contact.
  • the two peripheral solar cells of the solar cell row on which the electrically conductive cross-connector is arranged can also be covered by the electrically conductive cross-connector to a lower degree of coverage in order to reduce the requirement for process accuracy and/or to save material.
  • the two peripheral solar cells of the solar cell row are each covered at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, in particular at least 40%, by the electrically conductive cross-connector and connected to it in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the two peripheral solar cells of the solar cell row are each covered to at least 50%, in particular to at least 60%, preferably to at least 70%, in particular to at least 80%, by the electrically conductive cross-connector.
  • the two peripheral solar cells of the solar cell row have the same degree of coverage by the electrically conductive cross-connector as the internal (not peripheral, arranged between the two peripheral solar cells) solar cells of the solar cell row.
  • the percentage coverage described above refers to the area percentage of the back of the respective solar cell.
  • cross connector is designed as an electrically conductive adhesive tape. Accordingly, an electrically conductive adhesive tape is advantageously used as a cross connector in the method according to the invention.
  • Such electrically conductive tapes or charge collection tapes are commercially available. They also have the advantage that no heat treatment is necessary to form the mechanical and electrically conductive connection, which could affect components of the solar cells.
  • the cross connector is arranged on the solar cells in a mechanically and electrically conductive manner using a conductive adhesive.
  • the cross connector is preferably designed as a metal foil.
  • preference is given to the transverse binder arranged by means of a conductive adhesive of a row of solar cells, with a metal foil preferably being used as the cross connector.
  • a metal foil in particular a pliable metal foil, has the advantage that commercially available metal foils can be used, which have very good conductivity.
  • Conductive adhesives are also commercially available.
  • the solar cells are typically arranged between a carrier substrate and at least one flexible cover element, in particular an encapsulation film.
  • a cohesive, thermal joining is then carried out using lamination to connect the carrier substrate and film.
  • the advantage of connecting the cross-connector to the solar cell row using conductive adhesive is that the conductive adhesive can harden during lamination, so that no additional heat treatment step is necessary.
  • the conductive adhesive hardens during lamination of the solar cell module.
  • the solar cells are preferably arranged between a carrier substrate and a flexible cover film, with a cohesive joining between the carrier substrate and the cover film taking place during lamination and preferably a cohesive joining between the cross connector and solar cells.
  • the cross connector is designed as a metal foil, particularly preferably as a metal foil made of one of the following metals: copper, tinned copper, aluminum.
  • the metal foil preferably has a thickness in the range 5 pm to 100 pm, more preferably 10 pm to 50 pm, particularly preferably 25 pm to 35 pm. It is also within the scope of the invention that the cross connector has several layers, in particular a flexible carrier layer which is coated with a conductive metal layer.
  • the total thickness of the cross connector when designed as an adhesive tape and/or multilayer cross connector is preferably in the range 5 pm to 100 pm, more preferably in the range 10 pm to 50 pm.
  • individual rows of the solar cell module can be contacted electrically separately or connected to other electrical or electronic elements such as bypass diodes in a simple manner, even when the solar cells are arranged in a matrix shingle arrangement.
  • the solar cell module it is advantageous for the solar cell module to have at least one electrically conductive longitudinal connector, which is electrically conductively connected to the cross connector of a solar cell row.
  • the longitudinal connector extends over additional rows of solar cells. It is within the scope of the invention that the longitudinal connector extends over further transverse connectors of the solar cell module.
  • the longitudinal connector thus makes it possible to easily connect a row of solar cells that has a cross connector, in particular the electrically conductive connection of a row of solar cells to a junction box of the solar cell module.
  • the longitudinal connector is preferably designed as a metallic longitudinal connector, particularly preferably made of copper, and preferably has a thickness in the range 300 pm to 500 pm.
  • the longitudinal connector is electrically insulated from the further solar cell rows and/or further transverse connectors of the solar cell module by means of an electrically insulating layer. It is within the scope of the invention that the longitudinal connector is covered with an electrically insulating layer. It is also within the scope of the invention that only between the longitudinal connector and the elements to be insulated, in particular the further ones Solar cells of the solar cell module and / or further cross connectors, an electrically insulating layer is arranged.
  • the longitudinal connector is electrically conductively connected to at least one electrical cross connector.
  • the transverse connector has greater flexibility than the longitudinal connector. It is therefore advantageous that the longitudinal connector is arranged between the solar cells and the cross connector.
  • the longitudinal connector is advantageously electrically connected to the solar cells in the area in which the cross connector covers the longitudinal connector. This also creates an electrically conductive connection, in this case an indirect electrically conductive connection via the longitudinal connector, between the cross connector and the solar cells of the solar cell row in the area in which the longitudinal connector is arranged between the solar cells and the cross connector.
  • connection sockets in particular on a rear side of the solar cell module.
  • Junction boxes are used to protect connection elements and/or electrical or electronic components from external influences.
  • the solar cell module prefferably has a connection box on at least two rows of solar cells and for the longitudinal connector to extend between the connection boxes, in particular to connect electrical connections of the two connection boxes in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the cross-connector offers a simple way to electrically connect a bypass diode in a matrix shingle arrangement.
  • the solar cell module therefore has at least one bypass diode and the cross connector is electrically conductively connected to the bypass diode of the solar cell module.
  • the solar cell module has at least two rows of solar cells, each with a cross-connector, and the bypass diode is electrically connected to the two rows of solar cells in the usual manner by means of the cross-connectors, in particular is connected in parallel to the rows of solar cells in the usual way.
  • the cross connector on the side facing the solar cells of the solar cell row to have a color that matches the color of the front sides of the solar cells, preferably over the entire surface, at least in the spaces between the solar cells.
  • Typical solar cells have a blue or black color impression on the front side.
  • the cross connector is therefore preferably blue or black, preferably black, on the side facing the solar cells of the solar cell row, at least in the spaces between the solar cells, preferably over the entire surface.
  • the solar cell module therefore has a plurality of cover strips which are arranged between the solar cells and the cross connector in the areas in which the cross connector extends over the space between two adjacent solar cells of a solar cell row.
  • the cover strips preferably have a color that corresponds to the color of the front sides of the solar cells, particularly preferably a blue or black color.
  • the cover strips are preferably designed to be electrically insulating.
  • the present invention has the advantage that a further development of known solar cell modules with a matrix shingle arrangement is possible by additionally providing one or more cross connectors.
  • solar cells with a modified metallic rear contact structure are used at least for the solar cell rows, which are connected in an electrically conductive manner using a cross connector:
  • the solar cells of at least the solar cell row on which the cross-connector is arranged each have a metallic back-side contacting structure, which extends beyond an overlap area on the back of the solar cell, so that a series-connected partial area of the metallic back-side contacting structure in the overlap area on the front of one adjacent solar cell and a cross-connection portion of the metallic back contacting structure is covered by the cross-connector and is directly connected to it in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the metallic rear contact structure has a cross-connection partial area in addition to the series connection partial area that overlaps with the adjacent solar cell.
  • the solar cell does not overlap with the adjacent solar cell, so that the metallic back-side contacting structure is accessible on the back in the cross-connection sub-area, so that the cross-connector can be arranged on the cross-connection sub-area of the metallic back-side contacting structure and connected to it in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the metallic rear contact structure is preferably made of at least 50% of a metal from the group of silver and copper.
  • Typical previously known solar cells have a large-area, in particular full-area, aluminum layer on the back, which serves to bring together and remove the charge carriers.
  • Aluminum is more cost-effective than other metals, such as silver in particular, but has the disadvantage that typically used connection methods, in particular soldering, produce contacts with lower mechanical stability and comparatively high contact resistance. It is therefore known to provide so-called “solder pads” made of a different metal in order to form a stable electrically conductive connection with low contact resistance.
  • the present invention has the advantage that, due to the large area coverage of the back sides of the solar cells of the solar cell row by the cross connector, a mechanically stable contact with a low contact resistance is also formed directly on an aluminum back side of a solar cell. This is because the advantageous mechanical stability and electrical quality of the contact is achieved due to the large area. The electrical quality is further increased by the advantageous design of the previously described cross-connection subregions of the metallic back contact structure.
  • the solar cells of at least the row of solar cells on which the cross connector is arranged are each formed on the back with a back contact surface made of aluminum, the back contact surface preferably covering at least 60%, particularly preferably 80% of the back side of the solar cell , preferably the back contact surface is made of aluminum over the entire surface.
  • the cross connector is arranged on the rear contact surfaces and is directly electrically connected to the rear contact surfaces made of aluminum.
  • the cross connector is mechanically connected to the solar cells on at least 80% of the area, more preferably at least 90% of the area, particularly preferably on 100% of the area with which the cross connector covers the rear sides of the solar cells of the solar cell row. This ensures a high level of mechanical stability.
  • the cross-connector is advantageously electrically connected to the solar cells on at least 80% of the area, more preferably at least 90% of the area, particularly preferably on 100% of the area with which the cross-connector covers the rear sides of the solar cells of the solar cell row.
  • the solar cell module has an electrically conductive cross-connector at least on the two terminal solar cell rows, which covers at least 50% of the back sides of at least the non-edge solar cells of the solar cell row and electrically contacts them.
  • These two cross connectors are used to connect the solar cell module to external circuits or other solar cell modules.
  • the terminal row of solar cells that overlaps the back of an adjacent row of solar cells is inactive, i.e. it does not contribute to the conversion of electromagnetic radiation into electrical energy.
  • This design is characterized by a visually uniform front and yet simple interconnection through the two cross-connectors on the terminal rows of solar cells.
  • the percentages for the formation of the metallic contacting structures refer to mass percent.
  • the solar cell module can have encapsulation elements that are known per se.
  • the solar cell module has at least one or more, preferably all of the following layers, starting from a side facing the radiation when in use: Front glass (PV front glass)
  • Solar cells of the solar cell module preferably made of silicon in the area of the cross connector:
  • Cross connector preferably made of copper rear encapsulant foil (PV encapsulant foil), preferably made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin elastomers (POE)
  • PV backsheet preferably made of polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
  • Figure 1 shows a photovoltaic solar cell for a first exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention
  • Figure 2 a side view
  • Figure 3 shows a top view from behind of the first exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention
  • Figure 4 is a top view from behind of a second exemplary embodiment
  • Figure 5 shows a top view from behind of a third exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a photovoltaic solar cell for a solar cell module according to Figure 7;
  • Figure 7 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention, shown in a top view from behind;
  • Figure 8 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention shown in a top view from behind and
  • FIGS 9 to 1 Sectional images of Figure 8, with the sectional plane being perpendicular to the drawing plane in Figure 8. All figures show schematic representations, not true to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or identical elements.
  • the solar cell 1 shows a top view from the front of a schematic representation of a photovoltaic solar cell 1 for a first exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention.
  • the solar cell 1 has a metallic contacting structure on the front, which is designed in a comb-like manner in a known manner, with a plurality of parallel contact fingers 2, which are electrically conductively connected by a busbar 3 running perpendicular to the contact fingers 2.
  • the solar cell 1 is designed in a manner known per se as a photovoltaic solar cell based on a silicon wafer as a semiconductor substrate and has an emitter on the front, which is contacted by means of the contact fingers 2 and the busbar 3.
  • An aluminum layer is arranged over the entire surface on the back of the solar cell in order to electrically contact the base of the solar cell. It is within the scope of the invention to use further developments of this solar cell structure or other solar cell structures as solar cells for a solar cell module according to the invention. In particular, it is within the scope of the invention to arrange additional layers on the front to improve the electrical quality, in particular the reduction in recombination speed on the surface or the optical properties.
  • the solar cell shown in Figure 1 represents a partial solar cell, which was produced by dividing a larger silicon substrate on which several partial solar cells were formed. It is also within the scope of the invention to use solar cells manufactured entirely on an undivided silicon wafer.
  • FIG 1 An overlap area 4 is indicated by dashed lines, at which, due to the shingle arrangement, the back of an adjacent solar cell overlaps with the front of the solar cell shown in Figure 1.
  • a schematic representation of the first exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention is shown in Figure 2 in a side view and Figure 3 in a top view from behind:
  • the solar cell module according to the first exemplary embodiment has a plurality of photovoltaic solar cells 1 according to FIG. 1 with electrically contactable back sides, the back sides being covered over their entire surface with an aluminum layer.
  • the solar cells 1 are arranged in a matrix shingle arrangement, which in the present case has three spatially parallel rows of solar cells, each with several solar cells.
  • the rows of solar cells are arranged overlapping in overlap areas 4, so that the back sides of the solar cells 1 of a row of solar cells partially cover the front sides of the solar cells 1 of an adjacent row of solar cells.
  • the solar cells are arranged such that at least one back of a solar cell in a solar cell row partially covers the front sides of at least two solar cells in an adjacent solar cell row.
  • the solar cell 1a partially covers the solar cells 1d and 1e
  • the solar cell 1b partially covers the solar cells 1e and 1f
  • the solar cell 1c partially covers the solar cells 1f and 1g.
  • the edge solar cells 1 of the bottom and top solar cell rows according to FIG. 3 are each only designed to be half the width of the remaining solar cells 1 of the solar cell module. It is essential that the solar cell module has an electrically conductive cross-connector 5, which covers at least 50% of the backs of each solar cell 1 of the middle solar cell row and electrically contacts them.
  • the solar cell row contacted by the cross connector has four solar cells 1.
  • the two non-edge solar cells 1 e and 1 f are in the present case covered to about 80% (drawing not to scale) by the cross connector, as is the right edge solar cell 1 g according to Figure 3, on which the cross connector 5 is located for contacting over the right edge of the solar cell 1 extends beyond.
  • the cross connector is at a distance from the left edge of the solar cell, so that the degree of coverage is slightly lower.
  • the cross connector 5 is designed as an electrically conductive adhesive tape and, according to Figure 3, extends on the right edge of the solar cell module beyond the surface of the solar cells, so that a lateral connection to further electronic elements, in particular a bypass diode of the solar cell module, is made possible in a simple manner.
  • FIG. 3 A circuit diagram with two bypass diodes 6 is shown schematically in Figure 3, with a bypass diode 6 being connected between a lower connection of the solar cell module and the cross-connector 5 and a second bypass diode 6 between the cross-connector 5 and an upper connection of the solar cell module.
  • the cross connector 5 is designed as a copper foil with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
  • Conductive adhesive is arranged between the cross connector 5 and the solar cells 1 of the middle row of solar cells.
  • lamination takes place in a manner known per se.
  • a transparent carrier substrate (glass) of the solar cell module is arranged on the front and a protective cover (backsheet) on the back.
  • a front encapsulation film (EVA) is arranged between the carrier substrate and the solar cells and a rear encapsulation film (EVA) is arranged between the solar cells and the backsheet.
  • the films are joined by lamination, so that the solar cells 1 and the cross connector 5 in particular are embedded between the films.
  • the conductive adhesive applied between the cross connector 5 and solar cells 1 of the middle solar cell row also hardens during lamination.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 Two further exemplary embodiments of a solar cell module according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. To avoid repetition, only the essential changes are discussed.
  • the photovoltaic solar cell 1 shown in FIG. 1 is also used, which is arranged in a matrix shingle arrangement.
  • the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures 4 and 5 each have 7 rows of solar cells arranged spatially parallel, whereby, as in the first exemplary embodiment, the rows of solar cells alternately have five and four solar cells, with the solar cell rows with five solar cells having the edge solar cells only having half the width .
  • a cross connector 5 designed as an electrically conductive adhesive tape is arranged in the second and sixth rows.
  • the cross connectors do not protrude beyond the solar cell surface.
  • connection box 7 By means of two longitudinal connectors 8, which are designed as copper strips, an electrical supply is carried out from the two cross-connectors 5 to the connection box 7.
  • the bypass diode arranged in the connection box 7 is electrically connected to the longitudinal connectors 8, so that there is one between the two cross-connectors 5 Bypass diode is interposed.
  • the third exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention shown in rear view in FIG. 5, has three cross connectors 5.
  • the cross connectors 5 are arranged on the first, fourth and seventh solar cell rows.
  • the solar cell module also has a connection box 7 and two longitudinal connectors 8 in the middle.
  • Two bypass diodes 6 are arranged in the junction box 7, a first bypass diode 6 being connected to the lower longitudinal connector 8 and the middle cross connector 5 and a second bypass diode 6 is electrically conductively connected to the middle cross connector 5 and the upper longitudinal connector 8.
  • a schematic representation of the electrical circuit diagram achieved is shown on the left edge of Figure 5 for illustrative purposes.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the back of a photovoltaic solar cell 1 for a fourth exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention.
  • the design of the front of the photovoltaic solar cell shown in Figure 6 corresponds to the solar cell 1 shown in Figure 1.
  • the rear contact structure 9 has a busbar 9a and the cross-connection arcs 9b, which extend from the busbar 9a over the rear surface of the solar cell.
  • FIG. 7 A rear view of the fifth exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • the fifth exemplary embodiment represents a further development of the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the further development consists in the rear contact structure 9 described in FIG. 6 with busbar 9a and cross-connection arches 9b.
  • FIG. 7 only the solar cells 1 of the middle row of solar cells have the rear contact structure 9.
  • the cross-connection arches 9b can be seen.
  • 1 with full width is shown per solar cell. Only two cross-connection arches and only one cross-connection arch 9b are shown per solar cell 1 with half the width (the peripheral solar cells).
  • the cross connector 5 essentially covers the cross connection arches 9b.
  • the cross-connection arches 9b are also shown completely in the area covered by the cross-connector 5 in order to more clearly show the arrangement of the cross-connection arches 9b.
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view from behind of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a solar cell module according to the invention.
  • the structure essentially corresponds to the structure of the solar cell module shown in Figure 4. To avoid repetition, only the main differences will be discussed below:
  • the solar cell module has 27 rows of solar cells, each with seven solar cells arranged next to each other.
  • Four cross connectors 5 are arranged on the back of the solar cells.
  • the cross connectors 5 are connected in an electrically conductive manner by longitudinal connectors 8, with a connection box 7 being arranged centrally between two cross connectors 5, to which longitudinal connectors 8 lead.
  • a bypass diode is arranged in the connection box 7, which connects the longitudinal connectors 8 opening into the connection box 7.
  • the connection with the bypass diodes 6 is shown schematically as an equivalent circuit diagram on the right edge.
  • the solar cell module according to Figure 8 thus has a total of four longitudinal connectors 8:
  • the edge cross connectors 5 are each connected to the nearest connection box 7 with a longitudinal connector 8.
  • the middle connection box 7 is connected to the upper and lower connection boxes 7 via a longitudinal connector 8, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the solar cell module shown in Figure 8 has a plurality of cover strips 12, which in the areas in which the cross connectors 5 extend over the space between two adjacent solar cells 1 of a solar cell he extend, are arranged between the solar cells 1 and the cross connector 5. From the front of the solar cell module, the cross connectors 5 are therefore covered in the spaces between the solar cells by the cover strips 12.
  • the cover strips are black in this case.
  • the cover strips are designed to be electrically insulating in order to avoid unwanted current flows. For better visualization, only the cover strips 12 on the upper and lower edges of the solar cell module are provided with reference numbers.
  • Figures 9 to 11 show sectional views of the solar cell module shown in Figure 8.
  • the cutting planes each run perpendicular to the drawing plane in Figure 8.
  • Figure 9 shows a section along section line A in Figure 8, Figure 10 along section line B and Figure 11 along section line C in Figure 8.
  • the section plane in Figure 11 is standing thus perpendicular to the sectional planes of Figures 9 and 10.
  • FIG. 9 shows a section along section line A, in an area in which the transverse connector 5 crosses the longitudinal connector 8.
  • the second cross connector 5 starting from below in FIG. 8 is therefore not shown with oblique stripes for a better overview.
  • the transverse connectors 5 cover the longitudinal connectors 8, so that the longitudinal connectors 8 are arranged between the solar cells 1 and the transverse connectors 5 in this coverage area.
  • the solar cell module has the following layers starting from the back:
  • a back cover 13, approx. 400 pm, (e.g. made of PE, PET);
  • a rear encapsulation film 14, approx. 400 pm (e.g. made of EVA, POE);
  • the solar cells 1 of the solar cell module approx. 180 pm (e.g. made of silicon);
  • transverse connector 5 At the position of cut A there is also a transverse connector 5 and a longitudinal connector 8, which cross each other at the position of cut A.
  • a longitudinal connector insulation film 17 is arranged as an insulating element between longitudinal connector 8 and solar cells 1, with the longitudinal connector insulation film 17 leaving out at least the area in which the transverse connector 5 covers the longitudinal connector 8. There is therefore an electrically conductive connection between the transverse connector 5, the longitudinal connector 8 and the solar cells 1.
  • Cross connector 5 longitudinal connector 8 and longitudinal connector insulation film 17 are thus arranged in this order between rear encapsulation film 14 and solar cells 1.
  • the section along section line B in Figure 10 shows an area in which the cross connector 5 rests directly on the solar cells 1.
  • a cover strip 12 is arranged at the position of the cutting line C.
  • the cover strip is arranged between the cross connector 5 and solar cells 1, so that when viewed from the front, in the illustration according to Figure 11 from below, the cross connector 5 is covered by the cover strip 12 in the space between the solar cells 1, so that an optically uniform image results.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de cellules solaires comprenant une pluralité de cellules solaires photovoltaïques présentant des surfaces arrière pouvant être mises en contact électrique, les cellules solaires étant disposées dans un agencement de bardeaux en matrice, qui comporte une pluralité de rangées de cellules solaires disposées spatialement en parallèle, chacune ayant une pluralité de cellules solaires, les rangées de cellules solaires étant agencées pour se chevaucher dans des régions de chevauchement de telle sorte que les côtés arrière des cellules solaires d'une rangée de cellules solaires chevauchent partiellement les côtés avant des cellules solaires d'une rangée de cellules solaires adjacente, et les cellules solaires sont agencées de telle sorte qu'au moins un côté arrière d'une cellule solaire d'une rangée de cellules solaires chevauche partiellement les côtés avant d'au moins deux cellules solaires d'une rangée de cellules solaires adjacente. L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une rangée de cellules solaires comporte un connecteur transversal électroconducteur recouvrant au moins 50 % des côtés arrière d'au moins les cellules solaires non au bord de la rangée de cellules solaires et établit un contact électrique avec celui-ci.
PCT/EP2023/072825 2022-09-23 2023-08-18 Module de cellules solaires et procédé de production d'un module de cellules solaires WO2024061552A1 (fr)

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DE102022124476.8A DE102022124476A1 (de) 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Solarzellenmodul und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Solarzellenmoduls
DE102022124476.8 2022-09-23

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU605560B2 (en) * 1987-03-17 1991-01-17 Telefunken Electronic Gmbh Solar cell module with solar cells arranged in series and in parallel
WO2013122757A1 (fr) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-22 Alta Devices, Inc. Panneau solaire photovoltaïque contenant des tuiles photovoltaïques en bardeaux et ses processus de fabrication
US20170054047A1 (en) * 2015-08-18 2017-02-23 Sunpower Corporation Solar panel
US20170213929A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-07-27 Sunpower Corporation Solar panel
CN213459761U (zh) * 2020-09-24 2021-06-15 江苏隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 一种光伏组件

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010016975A1 (de) 2009-05-18 2011-01-05 Solarion Ag Anordnung und Verschaltung, sowie Verfahren zur Verschaltung von flächenartigen Solarzellen
WO2013020590A1 (fr) 2011-08-09 2013-02-14 Kioto Photovoltaics Gmbh Cellule solaire rectangulaire et agencement correspondant de cellules solaires
US9780253B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2017-10-03 Sunpower Corporation Shingled solar cell module

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU605560B2 (en) * 1987-03-17 1991-01-17 Telefunken Electronic Gmbh Solar cell module with solar cells arranged in series and in parallel
WO2013122757A1 (fr) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-22 Alta Devices, Inc. Panneau solaire photovoltaïque contenant des tuiles photovoltaïques en bardeaux et ses processus de fabrication
US20170054047A1 (en) * 2015-08-18 2017-02-23 Sunpower Corporation Solar panel
US20170213929A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-07-27 Sunpower Corporation Solar panel
CN213459761U (zh) * 2020-09-24 2021-06-15 江苏隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 一种光伏组件

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