WO2024061208A1 - 通信方法和装置 - Google Patents

通信方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024061208A1
WO2024061208A1 PCT/CN2023/119680 CN2023119680W WO2024061208A1 WO 2024061208 A1 WO2024061208 A1 WO 2024061208A1 CN 2023119680 W CN2023119680 W CN 2023119680W WO 2024061208 A1 WO2024061208 A1 WO 2024061208A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reference signal
interval
information
intervals
predistortion
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PCT/CN2023/119680
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭中冲
刘凤威
陈雷
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024061208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024061208A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
    • H04B2001/0425—Circuits with power amplifiers with linearisation using predistortion

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and device.
  • a power amplifier can amplify low-power signals generated by network equipment or terminal equipment to a power level that can be transmitted over long distances.
  • the PA When performing power amplification (referred to as power amplifier), the PA will introduce nonlinear distortion.
  • Predistortion technology is an effective means to improve the linearity of PA output signals. If predistortion processing is performed on digital signals, it is called digital predistortion (DPD). If predistortion processing is performed on analog signals, it is called analog predistortion (APD).
  • DPD digital predistortion
  • APD analog predistortion
  • Network equipment or terminal equipment can perform pre-distortion processing on the signal before being amplified by the PA according to the pre-distortion coefficient.
  • the nonlinear curve of the PA can be performed as a whole segment.
  • the order of the predistortion model during predistortion training is large, resulting in high algorithm complexity; on the other hand, the accuracy of the calculated predistortion coefficients is not high, resulting in reduced predistortion performance. .
  • This application provides a communication method and device to solve the above problems.
  • a first aspect provides a communication method, including: a first device obtaining configuration information of a reference signal, an interval range of each interval in a plurality of intervals, and a predistortion model parameter of each interval in the plurality of intervals, said The plurality of intervals are power intervals of the reference signal; the first device obtains a first reference signal according to the configuration information; the first device receives a reference signal from the second device and obtains a second reference signal; A device determines the predistortion coefficient of the first interval among the plurality of intervals based on the predistortion model parameters of the first interval, the first reference signal, and the second reference signal.
  • the nonlinear curve of the PA is divided into multiple intervals (multiple segments) according to the size of the input power.
  • the first device can determine the predistortion coefficient in the interval.
  • the predistortion coefficients for the first interval are determined for the granularity. Based on this, on the one hand, the algorithm complexity of the pre-distortion training performed by the first device can be reduced, and on the other hand, the accuracy of the pre-distortion coefficient calculated by the first device can be improved.
  • the first device obtains the first reference signal according to the configuration information, including: the first device reconstructs the first reference signal according to the configuration information. the first reference signal.
  • the method further includes: the first device sending the predistortion coefficient of the first interval to the second device.
  • the method further includes: the first device according to the predistortion model parameters of the second interval among the plurality of intervals, the first reference signal and the second reference signal to determine the predistortion coefficient of the second interval.
  • the first device determines the predistortion model parameter of the first interval, the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • the predistortion coefficients of the first interval include: the first device obtains first sample information according to the first reference signal, and the first sample information is sample information belonging to the first interval; A device obtains second sample point information according to the second reference signal, and the second sample point information is sample point information corresponding to the first sample point information; the first device obtains second sample point information according to the plurality of intervals.
  • the predistortion model parameters of the first interval, the first sample point information, and the second sample point information determine the predistortion coefficient of the first interval.
  • the configuration information includes time-frequency resource information and parameter information of the reference signal.
  • the sequence information of the reference signal and one or more of the following: type information of the reference signal, antenna port information of the reference signal, bandwidth information of the reference signal, filter parameters; wherein, the time-frequency resource information and the The antenna port information is corresponding.
  • the second reference signal is a signal amplified by at least one PA; when the at least one PA is a PA, in the multiple intervals , the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of one PA; or, when the at least one PA is multiple PAs, in the multiple intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to The input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of the multiple PAs.
  • the predistortion function curve is theoretically approximately vertical. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the device and prevent the average power of the predistorted signal from being too high, multiple intervals are set
  • the maximum value of the endpoint is the input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the PA, that is, no predistortion training is performed for reference signal sampling points with input power greater than the maximum value.
  • the length of each interval in the plurality of intervals is the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a second interval, and the length of the first interval is the same as the length of the first interval.
  • the lengths of the second intervals are different.
  • the length of each interval in the multiple intervals can be associated with the linearity of the nonlinear curve of the PA in the interval, for example, the interval length of the low power interval is greater than the interval length of the high power interval, thereby further improving the accuracy of the calculated pre-distortion coefficient.
  • the predistortion model parameters of each interval in the plurality of intervals include a nonlinear order; the nonlinear order of each interval in the plurality of intervals are the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a third interval, and the nonlinear order of the first interval is different from the nonlinear order of the third interval.
  • the nonlinear order of each interval in the multiple intervals can be associated with the linearity of the nonlinear curve of the PA in the interval.
  • the nonlinear order of the low-power interval is smaller than the nonlinear order of the high-power interval, thereby reducing the algorithm complexity of the pre-distortion training and improving the efficiency of the pre-distortion training.
  • the method further includes: the first device acquires a signal of the reference signal. second configuration information and power amplification model parameters; the first device obtains a third reference signal according to the second configuration information; the first device receives the reference signal from the second device and obtains a fourth reference signal ; The first device determines the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA of the multiple PAs based on the power amplification model parameters, the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal; the first device First information is sent to the second device, where the first information includes information about the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA.
  • the first device can determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA. Based on this, on the one hand, the subsequent division of multiple intervals can be made more accurate, and on the other hand, the performance of the second device in pre-distortion processing of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the first device when the first device does not detect the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA, the first device sends second information to the second device, and the second information indicates to increase the power of the reference signal before being amplified by the multiple PAs.
  • a communication method including: a second device performs power amplification processing on a first reference signal based on at least one PA; the second device sends the first reference signal to the first device after power amplification processing. the corresponding reference signal; the second device receives the predistortion coefficient of the first interval from the first device; the second device performs predistortion on the fifth reference signal according to the predistortion coefficient of the first interval Processing: the power of the fifth reference signal is in the first interval, and the fifth reference signal is a signal before power amplification.
  • the second device can perform predistortion processing on the fifth reference signal based on the predistortion coefficient of the first interval.
  • the signal is predistorted. Since the predistortion coefficient of the first interval is more accurate than the predistortion coefficient of the entire section, the method of the present application can improve the performance of the second device in predistorting the reference signal.
  • the method also includes: the second device sends configuration information of the reference signal, the interval range of each interval in the multiple intervals, and the pre-distortion model parameters of each interval in the multiple intervals to the first device; wherein the configuration information includes time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and sequence information of the reference signal, and the multiple intervals include the first interval.
  • the second device may send the interval endpoint information of each interval to the first device; or, the second device may send the first endpoint information of the first endpoint to the first device. information and the interval length of each interval; or, The second device may send the number of intervals to the first device, and the first device subsequently determines the interval range of each interval.
  • the configuration information further includes one or more of the following: type information of the reference signal, antenna port information of the reference signal, bandwidth information of the reference signal, Filter parameters, wherein the time-frequency resource information and the antenna port information correspond to each other.
  • the second device sends the bandwidth information and/or filter parameters of the reference signal to the first device, which can improve the accuracy of the pre-PA signal calculated by the first device, thereby improving the pre-PA signal calculated by the first device.
  • the accuracy of the distortion coefficient is the accuracy of the distortion coefficient.
  • the length of each interval in the plurality of intervals is the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a second interval, and the length of the first interval is the same as the length of the first interval.
  • the lengths of the second intervals are different.
  • the at least one PA is a PA, and in the plurality of intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the one PA.
  • Input power; or, the at least one PA is a plurality of PAs, and in the plurality of intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of the plurality of PAs.
  • the predistortion model parameters of each interval in the plurality of intervals include a nonlinear order; the nonlinear order of each interval in the plurality of intervals are the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a third interval, and the nonlinear order of the first interval is different from the nonlinear order of the third interval.
  • the method further includes: the second device sending a third portion of the reference signal to the first device. Two configuration information and PA model parameters; the second device performs power amplification processing on the third reference signal based on the multiple PAs; the second device sends the third reference signal to the first device for power amplification The corresponding reference signal after processing; the second device receives the first information from the first device, where the first information includes information about the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of the multiple PAs.
  • the method further includes: the second device does not perform crest factor reduction (CFR) processing on the third reference signal.
  • CFR crest factor reduction
  • not performing CFR processing on the third reference signal by the second device can increase the probability that the power of the reference signal reaches the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA.
  • the method further includes: the second device receiving second information from the first device, the second information indicating that the method is improved after the multiple The power of the reference signal before amplification by the multiple PAs; the second device increases the power of the reference signal before amplification by the multiple PAs according to the second information.
  • a communication device may be a first device, may be a device in the first device (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit), or may be used in conjunction with the first device. installation.
  • the communication device may include modules or units that perform one-to-one correspondence with the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules or units may be hardware circuits, software, or It can be implemented by hardware circuit combined with software.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver unit and a processing unit connected to the transceiver unit.
  • a transceiver unit configured to obtain the configuration information of the reference signal, the interval range of each interval in the plurality of intervals, and the predistortion model parameters of each of the plurality of intervals, the plurality of intervals being the power interval of the reference signal; a processing unit, configured to obtain a first reference signal according to the configuration information; a transceiver unit, configured to receive a reference signal from a second device, to obtain a second reference signal; The distortion model parameters, the first reference signal and the second reference signal determine the predistortion coefficient of the first interval.
  • the processing unit is configured to reconstruct the first reference signal according to the configuration information.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send the predistortion coefficient of the first interval to the second device.
  • a processing unit is configured to perform the processing according to the predistortion model parameters of a second interval among the plurality of intervals, the first reference signal and the second reference signal to determine the predistortion coefficient of the second interval.
  • the processing unit is configured to obtain first sample information according to the first reference signal, where the first sample information belongs to the first interval. Sample point information; a processing unit, configured to obtain second sample point information according to the second reference signal, where the second sample point information is sample point information corresponding to the first sample point information; a processing unit, used to According to the predistortion model parameters of the first interval among the plurality of intervals, the first sample point information and the second sample point information, the The predistortion coefficient of the first interval.
  • the configuration information includes time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and sequence information of the reference signal, and one or more of the following: type information of the reference signal , the antenna port information of the reference signal, the bandwidth information of the reference signal, and the filter parameters; wherein the time-frequency resource information and the antenna port information correspond to each other.
  • the second reference signal is a signal amplified by at least one PA; when the at least one PA is a PA, in the multiple intervals , the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of one PA; when the at least one PA is multiple PAs, in the multiple intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the The input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of multiple PAs.
  • the length of each interval in the plurality of intervals is the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a second interval, and the length of the first interval is the same as the length of the first interval.
  • the lengths of the second intervals are different.
  • the predistortion model parameters of each interval in the plurality of intervals include a nonlinear order; the nonlinear order of each interval in the plurality of intervals are the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a third interval, and the nonlinear order of the first interval is different from the nonlinear order of the third interval.
  • the transceiver unit when the second reference signal is a signal amplified by multiple PAs, the transceiver unit is configured to obtain the second configuration information and power of the reference signal. Amplify model parameters; a processing unit, used to obtain a third reference signal according to the second configuration information; a transceiver unit, used to receive a reference signal from the second device, to obtain a fourth reference signal; a processing unit, used to Determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA of the multiple PAs according to the power amplification model parameters, the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal; a transceiver unit configured to send the signal to the second device First information is sent, and the first information includes information about the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA.
  • the transceiver unit when the first device does not detect the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA, the transceiver unit is configured to send a message to the second device. Second information, the second information indicates increasing the power of the reference signal before being amplified by the multiple PAs.
  • the communication device may be a second device, may be a device in the second device (for example, a chip, a chip system, or a circuit), or may be used in conjunction with the second device. installation.
  • the communication device may include modules or units that perform one-to-one correspondence with the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the second aspect.
  • the modules or units may be hardware circuits, software, or It can be implemented by hardware circuit combined with software.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver unit and a processing unit connected to the transceiver unit.
  • a processing unit configured to perform power amplification processing on the first reference signal based on at least one PA; a transceiver unit, configured to send a reference signal corresponding to the power amplification process of the first reference signal to the first device; a transceiver unit, configured to Receive the predistortion coefficient of the first interval from the first device; a processing unit configured to perform predistortion processing on the fifth reference signal according to the predistortion coefficient of the first interval, and the power of the fifth reference signal In the first interval, the fifth reference signal is a signal before power amplification.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send the configuration information of the reference signal, the interval range of each interval in the plurality of intervals and the plurality of intervals to the first device.
  • the configuration information further includes one or more of the following: type information of the reference signal, antenna port information of the reference signal, bandwidth information of the reference signal, Filter parameters, wherein the time-frequency resource information and the antenna port information correspond to each other.
  • the length of each interval in the plurality of intervals is the same; or, the plurality of intervals include a second interval, and the length of the first interval is the same as the length of the first interval.
  • the lengths of the second intervals are different.
  • the at least one PA is one PA, and in the plurality of intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the one PA. Input power; or, the at least one PA is a plurality of PAs, and in the plurality of intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of the plurality of PAs.
  • the pre-distortion model parameters of each of the multiple intervals include a nonlinear order; the nonlinear order of each of the multiple intervals is the same; or, the multiple intervals include a third interval, and the nonlinear order of the first interval is different from the nonlinear order of the third interval.
  • the transceiver unit uses for sending the second configuration information and PA model parameters of the reference signal to the first device; a processing unit for performing power amplification processing on the third reference signal based on the plurality of PAs; and a transceiver unit for sending the third reference signal to the first device.
  • a device sends the corresponding reference signal after power amplification processing of the third reference signal; a transceiver unit configured to receive first information from the first device, where the first information includes equivalent values of the multiple PAs Information about the saturation point of the PA's nonlinear curve.
  • the processing unit is configured not to perform a crest factor reduction (CFR) process on the third reference signal.
  • CFR crest factor reduction
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive second information from the first device, the second information indicating improving the reference before amplification by the plurality of PAs.
  • the power of the signal a processing unit, configured to increase the power of the reference signal before being amplified by the multiple PAs according to the second information.
  • a communication device including a communication interface and a processor, the communication interface is used to output and/or input signals, and the processor is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory, so that the communication device executes the first The method in any possible implementation manner in one aspect; or, causing the communication device to perform the method in any possible implementation manner in the second aspect.
  • the memory may be included in the communication device.
  • the memory may be provided separately from the processor; as another way, the memory may be located in the processor and integrated with the processor.
  • the memory may also be external to the communication device and coupled to the processor.
  • a sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or causes the computer to execute the second aspect. method in any of the possible implementations.
  • a chip or a chip system comprising a processing circuit and an input/output interface, the processing circuit is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect; or the processing circuit is used to execute the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • the input/output interface is used to input and/or output signals.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (which can also be called a code, or an instruction).
  • a computer program which can also be called a code, or an instruction.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run, it causes the computer to execute any of the possible implementation methods in the first aspect.
  • the method in; or, causing the computer to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a communication system including a first device and a second device.
  • the first device is used to perform the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the second device is used to perform the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • Figure 1 shows a communication system to which this application is applicable.
  • Figure 2 shows the basic principle of digital predistortion technology.
  • Figure 3 shows one way for the transmitter to obtain DPD coefficients.
  • Figure 4 shows an ABF or HBF architecture.
  • Figure 5 shows one way of performing pre-distortion training.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic interaction diagram of the method proposed in this application.
  • FIG. 7 shows the position occupied by the reference signal in the time domain.
  • Figure 8 shows the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one time slot.
  • FIG9 shows two ways of segmenting the nonlinear curve of a PA.
  • Figure 10 shows the relationship between the nonlinear curve of the PA and the predistortion function curve.
  • Figure 11 shows multiple sample points of the reconstructed pre-PA signal.
  • Figure 12 is an example diagram of the method of this application.
  • Figure 13 shows the situation where the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA shifts.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic interaction diagram of the method proposed in this application.
  • Figure 15 shows the location of the CFR module.
  • Figure 16 shows that the equipment used for saturation point detection and pre-distortion training can be the same or different.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device provided by this application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic block diagram of the communication device provided by this application.
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio, NR
  • B corresponding to A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A.
  • determining B based on A does not mean determining B only based on A.
  • B can also be determined based on A and/or other information.
  • Figure 1 shows the system architecture applicable to this application, including terminal equipment and network equipment.
  • the network equipment in the embodiment of this application may be an access network equipment such as a base station.
  • the base station may be an evolutionary base station (eNB or eNodeB) in the LTE system, or in the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system.
  • Next generation base stations (next generation NodeB, gNB), sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication systems and other next generation base stations in communication systems evolved after 5G.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies and specific equipment forms used in network equipment. For example, they can be: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, and transmission points (transmitting and receiving).
  • TRP transmitting point
  • TP mobile switching center
  • NTN non-terrestrial network, NTN communication system
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • Network equipment can be modules or units that complete some functions of the base station.
  • it can be a centralized unit (central unit, CU) or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • CU and DU respectively complete part of the protocol stack functions of the base station.
  • the functions of CU can be implemented by multiple entities.
  • the functions of the control plane (CP) and the user plane (UP) of the CU can be separated to form the CU control plane (CU-CP) and the CU user plane. (CU-UP).
  • CU-CP and CU-UP can be implemented by different functional entities and connected through the E1 interface, and CU-CP and CU-UP can be coupled with DU.
  • the network device may also include an active antenna unit (active antenna unit, AAU).
  • AAU active antenna unit
  • the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer functions.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and physical (physical, PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing and active antenna related functions.
  • the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be transformed from the information of the PHY layer.
  • high-level signaling (such as RRC layer signaling) can also be considered to be sent by DU, or sent by DU and AAU.
  • the network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network equipment in the access network (radio access network, RAN), or the CU can be divided into network equipment in the core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this application.
  • terminal equipment may be various types of equipment that provide voice and/or data connectivity to users, and may also be called terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc.
  • Terminal equipment can be widely used in various scenarios, such as customer-premises equipment (CPE), smart point of sale (POS) machines, D2D, V2X communications, MTC, Internet of things, IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • CPE customer-premises equipment
  • POS point of sale
  • MTC Internet of things
  • IOT Internet of things
  • virtual reality augmented reality
  • industrial control autonomous driving
  • telemedicine smart grid
  • smart furniture smart office
  • smart wear smart transportation
  • smart city etc.
  • the terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, belt Computers, wearable devices, drones, vehicle-mounted equipment, aerospace equipment, etc. with wireless transceiver functions.
  • the chip used in the above device may also be called
  • the embodiment in the NR protocol can be a spatial domain filter, or a spatial filter, a spatial domain parameter, a spatial parameter, and a spatial domain setting. , spatial setting, quasi-colocation (QCL) information, QCL assumptions, QCL instructions, etc. Beams can be indicated by a transmission configuration indicator state (TCI-state) parameter, or by a spatial relation parameter. Therefore, in this application, the beam can be replaced by spatial filter, spatial filter, spatial parameter, spatial parameter, spatial setting, spatial setting, QCL information, QCL assumption, QCL indication, TCI-state (including uplink TCI-state, downlink TCI-state). TCI-state), spatial relationship, etc.
  • TCI-state including uplink TCI-state, downlink TCI-state. TCI-state
  • TCI-state TCI-state
  • Beam can also be replaced by other terms indicating beam, which is not limited in this application.
  • the beam used to transmit signals can be called a transmission beam (transmission beam, Tx beam), or a spatial domain transmission filter (spatial domain transmission filter), a spatial transmission filter (spatial transmission filter), and a spatial domain transmission parameter (spatial domain).
  • transmission parameter spatial transmission parameter
  • spatial domain transmission setting spatial domain transmission setting
  • spatial transmission setting spatial transmission setting
  • the beam used to receive signals can be called a reception beam (reception beam, Rx beam), or a spatial domain reception filter (spatial domain reception filter), a spatial reception filter (spatial reception filter), and a spatial domain reception parameter (spatial domain). reception parameter), spatial reception parameter, spatial domain reception setting, spatial reception setting.
  • the uplink transmit beam can be indicated by spatial relationship, or uplink TCI-state, or channel sounding reference signal (sounding reference signal, SRS) resource (indicating the transmit beam using the SRS). Therefore, the uplink beam can also be replaced by SRS resources.
  • the transmitting beam may refer to the distribution of signal strength in different directions in space after the signal is emitted by the antenna
  • the receiving beam may refer to the signal strength distribution of the wireless signal received from the antenna in different directions in space.
  • the beam may be a wide beam, or a narrow beam, or other types of beams.
  • the beam forming technology may be beam forming technology or other technologies.
  • the beamforming technology may specifically be digital beamforming technology, analog beamforming technology, hybrid digital beamforming technology, or hybrid analog beamforming technology, etc.
  • the beam corresponds to the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the network device can determine the quality of different beams through the quality of different reference signals.
  • the terminal device measures the reference signal and feeds back the quality of the reference signal to the network device.
  • the network device can determine the quality of the beam based on the quality of the reference signal.
  • reference signal configuration information please refer to the relevant introduction later.
  • the beam information is also indicated by the configuration information of its corresponding reference signal.
  • the network device indicates the information of the physical downlink sharing channel (PDSCH) beam of the terminal device through the TCI field in the downlink control information (DCI).
  • PDSCH physical downlink sharing channel
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the reference signal may be an uplink reference signal or a downlink reference signal.
  • the uplink reference signal includes but is not limited to the sounding reference signal (SRS) and the demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS).
  • Downlink reference signals include but are not limited to: channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), cell specific reference signal (cell specific reference signal, CS-RS), UE specific reference signal (user equipment specific reference signal) , US-RS), DMRS, and synchronization system/physical broadcast channel block (SS/PBCH block).
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • CS-RS cell specific reference signal
  • UE specific reference signal user equipment specific reference signal
  • US-RS US-RS
  • DMRS synchronization system/physical broadcast channel block
  • SS/PBCH block can be referred to as synchronization signal block (SSB).
  • the configuration information of the reference signal can be configured through RRC signaling.
  • the configuration information of the reference signal corresponds to a data structure, including the relevant parameters of the corresponding uplink reference signal or the relevant parameters of the downlink reference signal.
  • the configuration information of the reference signal includes at least one of the following: the type of the uplink reference signal, the resource element (also called time-frequency resource) that carries the uplink reference signal, and the transmission time of the uplink reference signal. and period, the sequence information of the uplink reference signal, the antenna port used to send the uplink reference signal, etc.
  • the configuration information of the reference signal includes at least one of the following: the type of the downlink reference signal, the resource element (which may also be called a time-frequency resource) that carries the downlink reference signal, and the transmission of the downlink reference signal. Time and period, sequence information of downlink reference signals, antenna ports used to send downlink reference signals, etc.
  • the sequence information of the reference signal may include a sequence type corresponding to the reference signal.
  • the sequence can be Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, Gold sequence, etc.
  • resource can be understood as the time-frequency resource configured in the configuration information of the reference signal for carrying the reference signal.
  • the basic principle of digital predistortion technology is to digitally preprocess the signal before power amplification to improve the linearity of the PA output signal.
  • the DPD function is the inverse function of the PA response function.
  • sample points in this application may be the sampling points of the reference signal in the time domain.
  • the sample point information in this application includes the location information of the sample point and the instantaneous power information of the sample point.
  • the position information of the sample point may be the sequence position information of the sample point.
  • the nonlinear curve saturation point of PA is an inherent property of PA. After the saturation point, the output power of the PA hardly changes as the input power increases.
  • the nonlinear curve of PA and the saturation point of nonlinear curve of PA may be affected by the external environment.
  • the external environment may include temperature, humidity, etc.
  • the nonlinear saturation point of a PA may change with temperature.
  • the transmitter before performing DPD processing on the reference signal, can obtain the DPD coefficients through the pre-PA signal and the post-PA signal.
  • the pre-PA signal can be obtained directly from the digital module; in some scenarios (such as low-frequency scenarios), the transmitter can collect the post-PA signal through the feedback channel.
  • each PA can have an independent feedback channel, and the transmitter can perform DPD compensation for each PA.
  • the pre-PA signal can be understood as the signal before PA amplification
  • the post-PA signal can be understood as the signal after PA amplification
  • base station equipment can adopt analog beamforming (ABF) architecture or hybrid beamforming (HBF) architecture.
  • ABSF analog beamforming
  • HBF hybrid beamforming
  • Figure 4 shows one form of ABF or HBF architecture.
  • one digital channel can correspond to multiple PAs, and the multiple PAs can be regarded as connected in parallel.
  • the transmitter performs DPD compensation on multiple PAs of a digital channel one by one, the implementation is more complicated and difficult.
  • Figure 5 shows one way of performing pre-distortion training under the ABF or HBF architecture. This method can also be called over the air (OTA) DPD.
  • OTA over the air
  • one digital channel of the network device can correspond to one or more PAs ( Figure 5 takes one digital channel corresponding to multiple PAs as an example).
  • the model extraction module in the terminal device is used to perform pre-distortion training based on the pre-PA signal and post-PA signal, obtain the DPD coefficient, and feed back the DPD coefficient to the network device.
  • the post-PA signal received by the terminal device can be regarded as a reference signal synthesized from multiple reference signals, so the post-PA signal contains the multiple reference signals.
  • the DPD coefficients obtained by the terminal equipment can be used to compensate for the nonlinear effects of the multiple PAs, so that the nonlinearity of the post-PA signal (synthesized signal of multiple reference signals) is corrected. That is to say, if a digital channel corresponds to multiple PAs, the multiple PAs can be equivalent to one PA.
  • the terminal device treats the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA as a whole segment. Based on this method, on the one hand, the order of the predistortion model during predistortion training is large, resulting in high algorithm complexity; on the other hand, the accuracy of the calculated predistortion coefficients is not high, resulting in reduced predistortion performance.
  • this application provides a method 200.
  • the nonlinear curve of the PA is divided into multiple intervals (multiple intervals). part).
  • the first device uses the interval as a granularity to determine the predistortion coefficient of the interval, and feeds back the predistortion coefficient of the interval to the second device.
  • the first device may be a terminal device, and the second device may be a network device; or, the first device may be a network device, and the second device may be a terminal device.
  • the method 200 includes:
  • the first device obtains the configuration information of the reference signal, the interval range of each of the multiple intervals, and the predistortion model parameters of each of the multiple intervals.
  • the plurality of intervals are power intervals before the reference signal is amplified by at least one PA, and the union of the plurality of intervals is the first range.
  • the first range is further divided into a plurality of intervals.
  • the at least one PA is 1 PA.
  • the first range corresponds to the entire nonlinear curve of the PA.
  • the at least one PA is multiple PAs.
  • the multiple PAs correspond to the same digital channel, and the multiple PAs can be equivalent to one PA.
  • the first range corresponds to the entire nonlinear curve of the equivalent PAs of the multiple PAs.
  • the configuration information of the reference signal includes time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and sequence information of the reference signal.
  • the configuration information also includes one or more of the following:
  • Reference signal type information reference signal antenna port information, reference signal bandwidth information, and filter parameters.
  • the time-frequency resource information of the reference signal corresponds to the antenna port information of the reference signal.
  • the sequence information of the reference signal may include the sequence type corresponding to the reference signal.
  • the time-frequency resource information of the reference signal may include the time slot offset of the reference signal in one time slot, the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one time slot, the transmission period of the reference signal, and the frequency domain position occupied by the reference signal.
  • the transmission cycle of the reference signal is 3 time slots, and the time slot offset of the reference signal is 0 time slots; as shown in (b) of Figure 7 , the transmission cycle of the reference signal is 3 time slots, and the time slot offset of the reference signal is 2 time slots; as shown in (c) in Figure 7, the transmission cycle of the reference signal is 4 time slots, and the reference signal The slot offset is 2 slots.
  • the reference signal can occupy one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing (discrete fourier transformation spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, DFT-S-OFDM) symbols; as shown in (b) in Figure 8, the reference signal can occupy multiple OFDM symbols or DFT-S in one time slot - OFDM symbols. Since the memory effect of PA is strongly related to the bandwidth of the input signal, the reference signal can occupy the entire channel bandwidth of subsequent digital transmission signals in the frequency domain.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT-S-OFDM discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing
  • the first device (such as the terminal device) can often only obtain the post-PA signal with part of the bandwidth.
  • the first device obtains the bandwidth information of the reference signal (the original bandwidth of the reference signal), and then uses the band-limited algorithm model to perform pre-distortion training.
  • the nonlinear curve of the one PA is divided into multiple intervals according to the size of the input power; if the at least one PA mentioned above is multiple PAs, the nonlinear curves of the equivalent PAs of the multiple PAs are divided into multiple intervals according to the size of the input power.
  • each interval in the plurality of intervals is the same length.
  • the nonlinear curve is divided into four intervals (four segments) before the saturation point, and each interval has the same length.
  • At least two intervals among the plurality of intervals may have different lengths.
  • the nonlinear curve is divided into four intervals (four segments) before the saturation point, and each interval has a different length.
  • the length of each interval in the plurality of intervals is associated with the linearity of the nonlinear curve in that interval. As a matter of fact, the smaller the value of linearity, the better the linear characteristics of the curve.
  • the multiple intervals include the second interval. If the linearity value of the first interval is less than the linearity value of the second interval, then the length of the first interval is greater than the length of the second interval; conversely, if the first interval The linearity value of is greater than the linearity value of the second interval, then the length of the first interval is shorter than the length of the second interval.
  • the number of reference signal sampling points distributed in each interval can be larger and approximately equal, ensuring the robustness of pre-distortion training, improving the pre-distortion training effect, and improving the calculation result The accuracy of the predistortion coefficient.
  • the input power corresponding to the saturation point of the nonlinear curve is within the multiple intervals.
  • the at least one PA is one PA, and in the multiple intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the input power of the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the one PA; or, the at least one PA is multiple PAs, and in the multiple intervals, the maximum value of the interval endpoint corresponds to the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA of the multiple PAs. of input power.
  • the predistortion function curve is theoretically approximately vertical. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the second device (for example, network device), prevent The average power of the predistorted signal is too high.
  • the maximum value of the endpoints of multiple intervals is set to the input power of the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the PA. That is, no predistortion is performed on reference signal samples whose input power is greater than the maximum value. train.
  • Predistortion model parameters include predistortion model type and predistortion model order.
  • the predistortion model type can be a polynomial model, a memory polynomial (MP) model or a generalized memory polynomial (GMP) model.
  • the predistortion model type corresponding to each interval in multiple intervals is the same.
  • the predistortion model order includes nonlinear order, memory depth and cross term length, which can be represented by K, M and G respectively.
  • the order of nonlinearity in the model order optionally, as a case, is the same for each interval in multiple intervals.
  • the nonlinear order of each interval in the plurality of intervals may be associated with the linearity of the nonlinear curve in that interval.
  • the multiple intervals include a third interval, and if the linearity value of the first interval is less than the linearity value of the third interval, then the nonlinear order of the first interval is less than the nonlinear order of the third interval; On the contrary, if the linearity value of the first interval is greater than the linearity value of the third interval, then the nonlinear order of the first interval is greater than the nonlinear order of the third interval.
  • associating the linearity of the interval with the nonlinear order of the interval can reduce the algorithm complexity of pre-distortion training and improve the efficiency of pre-distortion training.
  • the second device sends the above information to the first device.
  • the first device receives the above information from the second device.
  • the second device can send the above information to the first device through one or more signaling (for example, RRC signaling), and this application is not limited to this.
  • the second device may send information #A to the first device, the information #A indicating an endpoint of each of the plurality of intervals (which may also be referred to as a boundary of the interval) .
  • the information #A includes the value of each endpoint; or, the information #A includes the value of the first endpoint (starting endpoint) among the plurality of endpoints, and the interval length of each interval.
  • the information #A may only include the number of intervals.
  • the first device may determine the interval range of each interval based on the number of intervals and the value of the first endpoint among the plurality of endpoints and the value of the last endpoint of the plurality of endpoints preconfigured on the first device.
  • the information #A may include length information of each interval in the plurality of intervals.
  • the first device may determine the interval range of each interval according to the length of each interval and the value of the first endpoint preconfigured in the plurality of endpoints of the first device.
  • S202 The first device obtains the first reference signal according to the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the first device reconstructs the first reference signal according to the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the reconstructed reference signal is the signal before being amplified by at least one of the above-mentioned PAs, and therefore belongs to the "pre-PA signal".
  • Figure 11 shows multiple sampling points of the pre-PA signal, that is, the first reference signal may include multiple sampling points.
  • the first device reconstructing the first reference signal does not mean that the first device must reconstruct the first reference signal based on all the information in the configuration information of the reference signal. .
  • the first device may reconstruct the first reference signal according to part of the information in the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the first device can reconstruct the first reference signal according to the time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and the sequence information of the reference signal.
  • the process may include the following steps:
  • Step 1 The first device determines the generation sequence of the reference signal based on the sequence information of the reference signal.
  • the generated sequence can be a known reference sequence such as Zadoff-Chu (ZC) or Gold sequence.
  • ZC Zadoff-Chu
  • Gold sequence Gold sequence
  • Step 2 The first device performs subcarrier mapping according to the time-frequency resource information of the reference signal.
  • Step 3 The first device performs an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) on the signal after the above resource mapping.
  • IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
  • Step 4 The first device upsamples the OFDM (or DFT-s-OFDM) signal.
  • step 5 the first device processes the above-mentioned upsampled signal according to the filter parameters.
  • the filter parameters are filter parameters used by the second device when filtering the reference signal.
  • the first device can reconstruct the first reference signal.
  • the second device performs power amplification processing on the first reference signal based on the at least one PA.
  • the first reference signal corresponds to at least one reference signal after power amplification processing.
  • the first reference signal includes a plurality of reference signals, and each of the plurality of reference signals corresponds to at least one reference signal after power amplification processing.
  • the first reference signal corresponds to one reference signal after power amplification processing.
  • the first reference signal corresponds to multiple reference signals after power amplification processing. It should be understood that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the multiple PAs and the multiple reference signals. For example, if the second device performs power amplification processing on the first reference signal based on 5 PAs, then the first reference signal will correspond to 5 reference signals after power amplification.
  • the second device sends to the first device at least one reference signal corresponding to the power amplification process of the first reference signal in S203.
  • the first device receives the reference signal from the second device and obtains the second reference signal.
  • the first device may receive the reference signal according to the configuration information of the reference signal obtained in S201.
  • the second reference signal obtained by the first device is a reference signal amplified by the above-mentioned at least one PA.
  • the second reference signal belongs to the "post-PA signal”.
  • the second reference signal obtained by the first device is a reference signal amplified by one PA.
  • the second reference signal obtained by the first device is a reference signal synthesized by multiple reference signals amplified by the multiple PAs.
  • the first device receiving the reference signal (post-PA signal) according to the configuration information of the reference signal does not mean that the first device must receive the reference signal according to all the information in the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the first device may receive the reference signal according to part of the information in the configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the first device may receive the reference signal according to the time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and the antenna port information of the reference signal obtained in S201.
  • this application does not limit the order in which the first device reconstructs the pre-PA signal and receives the post-PA signal.
  • the first device may first reconstruct the pre-PA signal and then receive the post-PA signal; as another case, the first device may first receive the post-PA signal and then reconstruct the pre-PA signal; as another case , reconstructing the pre-PA signal and receiving the post-PA signal can be performed simultaneously.
  • the first device determines the predistortion coefficient of the first interval based on the predistortion model parameters of the first interval, the first reference signal, and the second reference signal.
  • Step 1 The first device obtains the first sample information according to the first reference signal, and the first sample information is sample information belonging to the first interval.
  • the first device may determine the interval to which each of the plurality of sample points included in the first reference signal belongs based on the interval range of each of the plurality of intervals obtained in S201. That is to say, the first device can determine the instantaneous power of the sampling point of the pre-PA signal, and determine the interval to which the sampling point belongs based on the instantaneous power of the sampling point.
  • the first device can obtain the first sample information.
  • multiple sampling points located in the first interval may be discontinuous in the time domain.
  • Step 2 The first device acquires second sample point information according to the second reference signal, and the second sample point information is sample point information corresponding to the first sample point information.
  • the first device can determine the sampling point located in the first interval among the plurality of sampling points of the pre-PA signal, and further, based on the position information (for example, sequence position information) of the pre-PA signal sampling point in the first interval, from Multiple sampling points of the corresponding post-PA signal are determined in the second reference signal obtained in S204.
  • position information for example, sequence position information
  • sampling point #1 to sampling point #3 there are three sampling points in the first reference signal located in the first interval (respectively recorded as sampling point #1 to sampling point #3), and the first device can determine sampling point #A to sampling point #C from the second reference signal according to the sequence position information of sampling point #1 to sampling point #3.
  • sampling point #A corresponds to sampling point #1
  • sampling point #B corresponds to sampling point #2
  • sampling point #C corresponds to sampling point #3.
  • the first sampling point information corresponds to sampling point #1 to sampling point #3
  • the second sampling point information corresponds to sampling point #A to sampling point #C.
  • Step 3 The first device determines the predistortion coefficient of the first interval based on the predistortion model parameters of the first interval, the first sample point information, and the second sample point information.
  • the predistortion coefficient can be calculated based on the indirect learning structure.
  • the following describes the process of the first device performing predistortion training and determining the predistortion coefficients of the first interval. It should be understood that the first device determines the predistortion coefficients of other intervals in multiple intervals in a similar manner.
  • the pre-distortion model used for pre-distortion training is the MP model.
  • n 0 to N S -1.
  • k s is the highest nonlinear order of the first interval
  • M is the memory depth of the first interval
  • the value of k is an integer from 1 to k s
  • the value of m is an integer from 0 to M-1
  • the value of s is related to the position of the first interval in multiple intervals. For example, if the first interval is the second interval after multiple intervals are sorted from small to large, then the value of s is 2.
  • Equation 1 It is called a polynomial basis function.
  • ⁇ k,m (r s ) [
  • the estimated value of the predistortion coefficient in the first interval can be obtained.
  • the estimated value of the predistortion coefficient in the first interval obtained based on the least squares method can be seen in the following formula:
  • the first device may determine the predistortion coefficients of other intervals in the plurality of intervals.
  • the first device may determine the predistortion coefficients of other intervals in the plurality of intervals.
  • the first device may determine the predistortion coefficient of the second interval according to the predistortion model parameters, the first reference signal, and the second reference signal of the second interval among the plurality of intervals; the first device may determine the predistortion coefficient of the second interval according to the The predistortion model parameters of the third interval, the first reference signal and the second reference signal determine the predistortion coefficient of the third interval.
  • the predistortion coefficient of the first interval determined by the first device It can be shown in Table 1.
  • the predistortion coefficient of the second interval determined by the first device is as shown in Table 2 shown.
  • the predistortion coefficient of the third interval determined by the first device is as shown in Table 3 shown.
  • S206 The first device sends the predistortion coefficient of the first interval to the second device.
  • the first device may send the predistortion coefficients of other intervals in the plurality of intervals to the second device.
  • the first device may send all the determined predistortion coefficients of the interval to the second device.
  • the first device may send all the contents in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 above to the second device.
  • the first device can only report the predistortion coefficients with odd nonlinear orders to the second device.
  • the second device can perform predistortion processing only based on predistortion coefficients with odd nonlinear orders. Based on this reporting method, the reporting overhead of the first device can be reduced.
  • the first device can upload the first and third rows in Report 1 to the second device (see Table 1-1 below), and upload the first and third rows in Report 2 to the second device.
  • the first row (see Table 2-1 below), to the first, third, and fifth rows in report 3 on the second device (see Table 3-1 below).
  • S207 The second device performs predistortion processing on the fifth reference signal according to the predistortion coefficient of the first interval.
  • the power of the fifth reference signal is in the first interval, the fifth reference signal is the signal before being amplified by the at least one PA, and the fifth reference signal belongs to the "pre-PA signal".
  • the second device can detect the instantaneous power of the pre-PA signal, determine the instantaneous power of the pre-PA signal, and select the corresponding predistortion coefficient for predistortion processing based on the instantaneous power of the pre-PA signal.
  • the input signal to the DPD module is t s (n)
  • the output signal of the DPD module is x s (n)
  • the module used for predistortion processing is The type is MP model, then in, is the predistortion coefficient determined based on the power of t s (n).
  • the signal reconstruction module of the first device is used to reconstruct the pre-PA signal; the power extraction module is used to determine the power of the reconstructed pre-PA signal; the model extraction (model extraction) ) module is used to determine the DPD coefficient according to the pre-PA signal and the post-PA signal, and feed back the DPD coefficient to the second device.
  • the power extraction module of the second device is used for power detection of the pre-PA signal, and the DPD module is used for pre-distortion processing of the pre-PA signal.
  • the nonlinear curve of PA is divided into three segments.
  • the model extraction module #3 of the first device is used to determine the first PA signal according to the pre-PA signal of the third section and the post-PA signal of the third section (that is, the post-PA signal corresponding to the pre-PA signal of the third section).
  • the DPD coefficient of the third segment is fed back to the second device.
  • the power extraction module of the second device can determine the power of the pre-PA signal. If the power of the pre-PA signal is in the interval corresponding to the third segment, the pre-PA signal is input to DPD module #3, and DPD module #3 determines the power of the pre-PA signal according to the third section.
  • the three-stage DPD coefficients perform pre-distortion processing on the pre-PA signal.
  • the nonlinear curve of the PA is divided into parts according to the size of the input power.
  • the first device can determine and send the predistortion coefficients of multiple intervals to the second device with the interval as the granularity.
  • it can reduce the algorithm complexity of the predistortion training by the first device.
  • It can also improve the accuracy of the predistortion coefficient calculated by the first device and improve the performance of the second device in predistorting the reference signal.
  • the second device may have multiple digital channels.
  • the first device performs pre-distortion training on a first digital channel among the multiple digital channels
  • the second device may turn off the digital channel adjacent to the first digital channel.
  • Digital channels for example, the second device can turn off the remaining digital channels except the first digital channel, thereby avoiding mutual interference between digital channels and improving training performance.
  • one digital channel can correspond to multiple PAs (for example, PA#a and PA#b), and the equivalent PA of PA#a and PA#b is recorded as PA#1.
  • PA#a and PA#b the equivalent PA of PA#a and PA#b is recorded as PA#1.
  • the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA#1 may be different from the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA#a, and the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA#1 may also be different from the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA#b.
  • predistortion training is performed based on the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA#a or PA#b, the accuracy of the obtained predistortion coefficient will be reduced.
  • this application provides a method 300.
  • PA#1 is an equivalent PA of multiple PAs.
  • the method 300 is used to determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA.
  • the method 300 includes:
  • the first device obtains the second configuration information and power amplification model parameters of the reference signal.
  • the configuration information of the reference signal obtained by the first device in S201 and the second configuration information of the reference signal obtained in S301 may be different information.
  • the second configuration information of the reference signal includes second time-frequency resource information of the reference signal and sequence information of the reference signal.
  • the second configuration information of the reference signal also includes one or more of the following: type information of the reference signal, antenna port information of the reference signal, bandwidth information of the reference signal, and filter parameters.
  • the power amplification model parameters include the power amplification model type and the power amplification model order.
  • the power amplification model type can be a polynomial model, MP model or GMP model.
  • the power amplification model order includes nonlinear order, memory depth and cross term length, which can be represented by K, M and G respectively.
  • S302 The first device obtains the third reference signal according to the second configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the first device reconstructs the third reference signal according to the second configuration information of the reference signal.
  • the third reference signal is a signal before being amplified by the plurality of PAs, so the third reference signal belongs to the "pre-PA signal".
  • the first device can reconstruct the third reference signal according to part of the information in the second configuration information.
  • the first device may reconstruct the third reference signal according to the sequence information of the reference signal and the second resource information of the reference signal.
  • this process please refer to step 1 to step 5 in S202.
  • the second device performs power amplification processing on the third reference signal based on multiple PAs, wherein the third reference signal corresponds to multiple reference signals after power amplification.
  • the third reference signal will correspond to 5 reference signals after power amplification.
  • the second device does not perform CFR processing on the third reference signal.
  • the relationship between the CFR module and other modules can be referred to Figure 15.
  • the second device does not perform CFR processing on the third reference signal, which can make it easier for the power of the reference signal to reach the power corresponding to the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA, thereby improving the success of the first device in detecting the equivalent signal.
  • the probability of the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of PA is not limited to the maximum value of the nonlinear curve of PA.
  • the second device sends the reference signal corresponding to the power-amplified third reference signal in S303 to the first device.
  • the first device receives the reference signal from the second device to obtain a fourth reference signal.
  • the fourth reference signal is a reference signal synthesized from the multiple reference signals.
  • the fourth reference signal is a signal obtained after the third reference signal is amplified by multiple PAs.
  • the fourth reference signal belongs to the "post-PA signal”.
  • the first device can obtain the fourth reference signal according to part of the information in the second configuration information. For example, the first device may obtain the fourth reference signal based on the second time-frequency resource of the reference signal and the antenna port information of the reference signal obtained in S301.
  • the first device determines the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA based on the power amplification model parameters, the third reference signal, and the fourth reference signal.
  • the first device may directly determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA based on the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal.
  • this application proposes the following methods.
  • the first device can train the PA model according to the power amplification model parameters, the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal, and obtain the model coefficient of the equivalent PA (or it can also be called PA coefficient, power amplification coefficient, etc.) . Further, the first device determines the fourth reference signal #2 based on the model coefficient of the equivalent PA and the third reference signal. Further, the first device determines the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA according to the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal #2.
  • the first device Since the first device does not know the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA when training the PA model, as a way, the first device can calculate the PA coefficient based on the single-segment model.
  • the power amplification model type is MP model
  • the fourth reference signal also includes N sampling points, denoted as The memory depth is M, and the highest nonlinear order is K. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the sampling points included in the third reference signal and the sampling points included in the fourth reference signal.
  • Equation 3 x(n) and The relationship between them is shown in Equation 3:
  • n ranges from 0 to N-1.
  • Equation 4 the estimated value of the equivalent PA model coefficient based on the least squares method is shown in Equation 4:
  • the model coefficients of the equivalent PA can be shown in Table 4.
  • b k, m means the model coefficients corresponding to the nonlinear order k and the memory depth m.
  • b 1,0 means the model coefficient corresponding to a nonlinear order of 1 and a memory depth of 0.
  • the method based on the above situation 2 determines the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA, which can reduce the impact of noise and multipath on the calculation results, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation results.
  • the first device when the first device does not detect the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA, the first device can send second information to the second device, the second information Instructs to increase the power of the reference signal before being amplified by the above multiple PAs.
  • the second device increases the power of the reference signal before being amplified by the multiple PAs according to the second information.
  • the amount of increase (amplitude) of the power of the pre-PA signal may be specified in the protocol.
  • S306 The first device sends the first information to the second device. Accordingly, the second device receives the first information.
  • the first information may be carried in uplink control information (UCI) or RRC signaling.
  • UCI uplink control information
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the first information includes information on the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA.
  • the first information includes the instantaneous input power at the saturation point of the nonlinear curve of the equivalent PA.
  • the first device may not continue to determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA.
  • the first device may send first information to the second device, where the first information includes model coefficients of the equivalent PA.
  • the second device may determine the fourth reference signal #2 based on the estimated model coefficient of the equivalent PA and the third reference signal. Further, the second device determines the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA according to the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal #2.
  • the first device can determine the nonlinear curve saturation point of the equivalent PA and provide the The second device sends the first information. Based on this, on the one hand, the subsequent division of multiple intervals can be made more accurate, and on the other hand, the performance of the second device in pre-distortion processing of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the first device in method 200 and the first device in method 300 may be the same device or may be different devices.
  • saturation point detection and pre-distortion training can be completed by the same device or by different devices, which is not limited in this application.
  • Figure 17 shows a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a transceiver unit 1701 and a processing unit 1702.
  • the transceiver unit 1701 can be used to implement corresponding information transceiver functions.
  • the transceiver unit 1701 may also be called a communication interface or communication unit.
  • Processing unit 1702 may be used to perform processing operations.
  • the device also includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and/or data.
  • the processing unit 1702 can read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the device implements the foregoing method embodiments. the action of the device.
  • the device may be the first device in the aforementioned embodiment, or may be a component (such as a chip) of the first device.
  • the transceiver unit and the processing unit may be used to implement relevant operations of the first device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit is used to implement S201, S204 and S206, or is used to implement S301, S304 and S306.
  • the processing unit is used to implement S202 and S205, or is used to implement S302.
  • the device may be the second device in the aforementioned embodiment, or may be a component (such as a chip) of the second device.
  • the transceiver unit and the processing unit may be used to implement related operations of the second device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit is used to implement S204 and S206, or is used to implement S304 and S306.
  • the processing unit is used to implement S203 and S207, or used to implement S303.
  • unit may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors) used to execute one or more software or firmware programs. processor, etc.) and memory, merged logic circuitry, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • processor such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors
  • memory merged logic circuitry, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • the above communication device has the function of realizing the corresponding steps performed by the device in the above method.
  • Functions can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the transmitting unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver. ), other units, such as a processing unit, can be replaced by a processor to respectively perform the sending and receiving operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.
  • transceiver unit 1701 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, it may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing unit may be a processing circuit.
  • the device in Figure 17 may be the device in the aforementioned method embodiment, or may be a chip or a chip system, such as a system on chip (SoC).
  • the transceiver unit may be an input-output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit may be a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip. No limitation is made here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, as shown in Figure 18, including: a processor 1801 and a communication interface 1802.
  • the processor 1801 is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 1803, or read data stored in the memory 1803, to execute the methods in each of the above method embodiments.
  • Communication interface 1802 is used for the reception and/or transmission of signals.
  • the processor 1801 is used to control the communication interface 1802 to receive and/or send signals.
  • the communication device may further include a memory 1803, which is used to store computer programs or instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 1803 may be integrated with the processor 1801, or may be provided separately.
  • the communication device may not include the memory 1803, and the memory 1803 is provided outside the communication device.
  • the memory 1803 may be one or more.
  • the processor 1801, the communication interface 1802 and the memory 1803 are connected to each other through a bus 1804; the bus 1804 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) ) bus, etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the above-mentioned bus 1804 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 18, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • processor 1801 is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in memory 1803.
  • the device may be the first device in the aforementioned embodiment, or may be a component (such as a chip) of the first device.
  • the communication interface and processor may be used to implement relevant operations of the first device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication interface is used to implement S201, S204 and S206, or used to implement S301, S304 and S306.
  • the processor is used to implement S202 and S205, or is used to implement S302.
  • the device may be the second device in the aforementioned embodiment, or may be a component (such as a chip) of the second device.
  • the communication interface and processor may be used to implement relevant operations of the second device in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication interface is used to implement S204 and S206, or is used to implement S304 and S306.
  • the processor is used to implement S203 and S207, or is used to implement S303.
  • the processor (such as processor 1801) mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP), or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • the processor may further include hardware chips.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip can be an ASIC, a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • the memory (such as memory 1803) mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile storage
  • the memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separate.
  • a component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • Functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products.
  • This application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform any possible implementation of the above method embodiments.
  • the technical solution of this application or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. Therefore, this application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes: a computer program (which can also be called a code, or an instruction). When the computer program is run, it causes the computer to perform any one of the above method embodiments. realization.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
  • the first device and/or the second device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of the present application. These steps or operations are only examples. In the embodiment of the present application, other devices may also be performed. Operations or variations of various operations. In addition, various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application may be performed.

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Abstract

一种通信方法和装置，该方法包括：第一设备获取参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和每个区间的预失真模型参数，该多个区间为参考信号的功率区间；第一设备根据该配置信息，得到第一参考信号；第一设备接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第二参考信号；第一设备根据多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号，确定第一区间的预失真系数。基于该方法，一方面可以降低第一设备进行预失真训练的算法复杂度，另一方面也可以提高第一设备计算出的预失真系数的准确度。

Description

通信方法和装置
本申请要求于2022年9月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211168582.5、发明名称为“通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种通信方法和装置。
背景技术
功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)可以将网络设备或终端设备产生的低功率信号放大至可进行远距离传输的功率水平。在进行功率放大(简称为功放)时，PA会引入非线性失真。预失真技术是提升PA输出信号线性度的有效手段。如果预失真处理是对数字信号进行的，称之为数字预失真(digital predistortion，DPD)。如果预失真处理是对模拟信号进行的，称之为模拟预失真(analog predistortion，APD)。
网络设备或终端设备可以根据预失真系数对经PA放大前的信号进行预失真处理。当前，作为一种方式，在执行预失真训练并获取预失真系数的过程中，可以将PA的非线性曲线作为一个整段进行。然而，基于这种方式，一方面预失真训练时的预失真模型阶数较大，导致算法复杂度较高；另一方面，计算得到的预失真系数的准确度不高，导致预失真性能降低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法和装置，用于解决上述问题。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，包括：第一设备获取参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数，所述多个区间为参考信号的功率区间；所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，得到第一参考信号；所述第一设备接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第二参考信号；所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数。
相比于第一设备确定PA的非线性曲线整段的预失真系数，根据本申请实施例，PA的非线性曲线按照输入功率的大小被分成多个区间(多段)，第一设备可以以区间为粒度确定第一区间的预失真系数。基于此，一方面可以降低第一设备进行预失真训练的算法复杂度，另一方面也可以提高第一设备计算出的预失真系数的准确度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，得到所述第一参考信号，包括：所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，重构所述第一参考信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述第一区间的预失真系数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第二区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第二区间的预失真系数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一设备根据所述第一区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数包括：所述第一设备根据所述第一参考信号获取第一样点信息，所述第一样点信息为属于所述第一区间的样点信息；所述第一设备根据所述第二参考信号获取第二样点信息，所述第二样点信息为和所述第一样点信息对应的样点信息；所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数，所述第一样点信息，所述第二样点信息，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参 考信号的序列信息，以及以下中的一项或多项：参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数；其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二参考信号为经至少一个PA放大后的一路信号；当所述至少一个PA为一个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；或者，当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率。
根据本申请实施例，由于饱和点之后PA的非线性曲线近似水平，预失真函数曲线理论上近似垂直，因此为避免器件受损，防止预失真后的信号的平均功率过高，设置多个区间的端点的最大值为PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率，即，对于输入功率大于该最大值的参考信号采样点不进行预失真训练。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
示例性地，多个区间中每个区间的长度可以与PA的非线性曲线在该区间的线性度相关联，例如，低功率区间的区间长度大于高功率区间的区间长度，从而进一步提高计算得到的预失真系数的准确度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
示例性地，多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数可以与PA的非线性曲线在该区间的线性度相关联，例如，低功率区间的非线性阶数小于高功率区间的非线性阶数，从而降低进行预失真训练的算法复杂度，提高进行预失真训练的效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述第二参考信号为经多个PA放大后的一路信号时，所述方法还包括：所述第一设备获取参考信号的第二配置信息和功率放大模型参数；所述第一设备根据所述第二配置信息，得到第三参考信号；所述第一设备接收来自所述第二设备的参考信号，得到第四参考信号；所述第一设备根据所述功率放大模型参数、所述第三参考信号和所述第四参考信号，确定所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点；所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
根据本申请实施例，考虑到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点可能与该多个PA的非线性曲线饱和点不同，因此，第一设备可以确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。基于此，一方面可以使后续多个区间的划分更加准确，另一方面提高第二设备对参考信号进行预失真处理的性能。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当所述第一设备未检测到所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点时，所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，包括：第二设备基于至少一个PA对第一参考信号进行功率放大处理；所述第二设备向第一设备发送所述第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第一区间的预失真系数；所述第二设备根据所述第一区间的预失真系数，对第五参考信号进行预失真处理，所述第五参考信号的功率在所述第一区间，所述第五参考信号为经功率放大之前的信号。
相比于第二设备采用PA的非线性曲线整段的预失真系数对第五参考信号进行预失真处理，基于本申请实施例，第二设备可以根据第一区间的预失真系数对第五参考信号进行预失真处理，由于第一区间的预失真系数相比于整段的预失真系数准确度更高，因此采用本申请的方法可以提高第二设备对参考信号进行预失真处理的性能。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送参考信号的配置信息、所述多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数；其中，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，所述多个区间包括所述第一区间。
可选地，为了指示多个区间中每个区间的区间范围，第二设备可以向第一设备发送每个区间的区间端点信息；或者，第二设备可以向第一设备发送第一个端点的信息以及每个区间的区间长度；或者， 第二设备可以向第一设备发送区间个数，后续由第一设备确定每个区间的区间范围。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述配置信息还包括以下中的一项或多项：参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数，其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
根据本申请实施例，第二设备向第一设备发送参考信号的带宽信息和/或滤波器参数，可以提高第一设备计算得到的PA前信号的准确度，进而提高第一设备计算得到的预失真系数的准确度。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述至少一个PA为一个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；或者，所述至少一个PA为多个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，所述方法还包括：所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送参考信号的第二配置信息和PA模型参数；所述第二设备基于所述多个PA对第三参考信号进行功率放大处理；所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送所述第三参考信号进行功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二设备不对所述第三参考信号进行波峰因子降低(crest factor reduction，CFR)处理。
根据本申请实施例，第二设备不对第三参考信号进行CFR处理可以提高参考信号的功率达到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的概率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率；所述第二设备根据所述第二信息，提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第一设备，也可以是第一设备中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)，或者是能够和第一设备匹配使用的装置。
一种可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块或单元，该模块或单元可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。
一种可能的实现中该通信装置包括：收发单元以及与收发单元连接的处理单元。
收发单元，用于获取参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数，所述多个区间为参考信号的功率区间；处理单元，用于根据所述配置信息，得到第一参考信号；收发单元，用于接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第二参考信号；处理单元，用于根据所述第一区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号确定所述第一区间的预失真系数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，处理单元，用于根据所述配置信息，重构所述第一参考信号。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，收发单元，用于向所述第二设备发送所述第一区间的预失真系数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，处理单元，用于根据所述多个区间中的第二区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第二区间的预失真系数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，处理单元，用于根据所述第一参考信号获取第一样点信息，所述第一样点信息为属于所述第一区间的样点信息；处理单元，用于根据所述第二参考信号获取第二样点信息，所述第二样点信息为和所述第一样点信息对应的样点信息；处理单元，用于根据所述多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一样点信息和所述第二样点信息，确定所述 第一区间的预失真系数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，以及以下中的一项或多项：参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数；其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二参考信号为经至少一个PA放大后的一路信号；当所述至少一个PA为一个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，当所述第二参考信号为经多个PA放大后的一路信号时，收发单元，用于获取参考信号的第二配置信息和功率放大模型参数；处理单元，用于根据所述第二配置信息，得到第三参考信号；收发单元，用于接收来自所述第二设备的参考信号，得到第四参考信号；处理单元，用于根据所述功率放大模型参数、所述第三参考信号和所述第四参考信号，确定所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点；收发单元，用于向所述第二设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，当所述第一设备未检测到所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点时，收发单元，用于向所述第二设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为第二设备，也可以是第二设备中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)，或者是能够和第二设备匹配使用的装置。
一种可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括执行第二方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块或单元，该模块或单元可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。
一种可能的实现中该通信装置包括：收发单元以及与收发单元连接的处理单元。
处理单元，用于基于至少一个PA对第一参考信号进行功率放大处理；收发单元，用于向第一设备发送所述第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；收发单元，用于接收来自所述第一设备的第一区间的预失真系数；处理单元，用于根据所述第一区间的预失真系数，对第五参考信号进行预失真处理，所述第五参考信号的功率在所述第一区间，所述第五参考信号为经功率放大之前的信号。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，收发单元，用于向所述第一设备发送参考信号的配置信息、所述多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数；其中，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，所述多个区间包括所述第一区间。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述配置信息还包括以下中的一项或多项：参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数，其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述至少一个PA为一个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；或者，所述至少一个PA为多个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，收发单元，用 于向所述第一设备发送参考信号的第二配置信息和PA模型参数；处理单元，用于基于所述多个PA对第三参考信号进行功率放大处理；收发单元，用于向所述第一设备发送所述第三参考信号进行功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；收发单元，用于接收来自所述第一设备的第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，处理单元，用于不对所述第三参考信号进行波峰因子降低CFR处理。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，收发单元，用于接收来自所述第一设备的第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率；处理单元，用于根据所述第二信息，提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，包括通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于输出和/或输入信号，所述处理器用于执行存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，使得该通信装置执行第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法；或者，使得该通信装置执行第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，该存储器可以包括在该通信装置中，作为一种方式，存储器可以与处理器分开设置；作为另一种方式，该存储器可以位于处理器中，与处理器集成在一起。
可选地，该存储器也可以在该通信装置之外，与处理器耦合。
第六方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序，当计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法，或者使得计算机执行第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供一种芯片或芯片系统，芯片或芯片系统包括处理电路和输入输出接口，处理电路用于执行该第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法；或者，处理电路用于执行该第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。输入输出接口用于输入和/或输出信号。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法；或者，使得计算机执行第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括第一设备和第二设备。该第一设备用于执行第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。该第二设备用于执行第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请适用的通信系统。
图2示出了数字预失真技术的基本原理。
图3示出了发射机获取DPD系数的一种方式。
图4示出了一种ABF或HBF架构。
图5示出了进行预失真训练的一种方式。
图6为本申请所提出的方法的一例示意性交互图。
图7示出了参考信号在时域占据的位置。
图8示出了参考信号在一个时隙占据的符号数。
图9示出了对PA的非线性曲线进行分段的两种方式。
图10示出了PA的非线性曲线与预失真函数曲线之间的关系。
图11示出了重构的PA前信号的多个采样点。
图12为本申请方法的示例图。
图13示出了等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点发生偏移的情况。
图14为本申请所提出的方法的一例示意性交互图。
图15示出了CFR模块的位置。
图16示出了用于饱和点检测和预失真训练的设备可以相同也可以不同。
图17为本申请提供的通信装置的一种示意性框图。
图18为本申请提供的通信设备的一种示意性框图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种第三代合作伙伴计划(the 3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、例如，LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、第五代(5th Generation，5G)通信系统又称新无线(new radio，NR)通信系统、未来演进的通信系统，例如:第六代(6th Generation，6G)通信系统等。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，本申请中出现的符号“/”可以表示“和/或”，例如A/B表示A和/或B。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，“与A对应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本申请实施例中出现的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
本申请实施例中出现的第一、第二等描述，仅作示意与区分描述对象之用，没有次序之分，也不表示本申请实施例中对描述的对象个数的特别限定，不能构成对本申请实施例的任何限制。
图1示出了本申请适用的系统架构，其中包括终端设备和网络设备。
为了方便理解，首先对本申请中的一些术语进行解释说明。
(1)网络设备
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以是基站等接入网设备，该基站可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolutional nodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统等5G之后演进的通信系统中的下一代基站等。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定，例如可以是：宏基站、微基站(也称为小站)、中继站、接入点、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心、非陆地通信网络(non-terrestrial network，NTN)通信系统中的网络设备(即可以部署于高空平台或者卫星)、以及设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车联网(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)通信中承担基站功能的设备等。
网络设备可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。其中，CU和DU分别完成基站的一部分协议栈功能。此外，CU的功能可以由多个实体实现例如，将CU的控制面(control plane，CP)和用户面(user plane，UP)的功能分离，形成CU控制面(CU-CP)和CU用户面(CU-UP)。例如，CU-CP和CU-UP可以由不同的功能实体来实现，并通过E1接口相连，CU-CP和CU-UP可以与DU相耦合。
示例性地，网络设备还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)。CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来。因此在该架构下，高层信令(如RRC层信令)也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU和AAU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一个或多个的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请对此不做限定。
(2)终端设备
本申请中，终端设备可以是向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的各类设备，也可以称为终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端等。终端设备可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，客户终端设备(customer-premises equipment，CPE)、智能销售点(point of sale，POS)机、D2D、V2X通信、MTC、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端可以是手机、平板电脑、带 无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、无人机、车载设备、航空航天设备等。在本申请实施例中，应用于上述设备中的芯片也可以称为终端。
(3)波束
在NR协议中的体现可以是空域滤波器(spatial domain filter)，或者称为空间滤波器(spatial filter)、空域参数(spatial domain parameter)、空间参数(spatial parameter)、空域设置(spatial domain setting)、空间设置(spatial setting)、准共址(quasi-colocation，QCL)信息、QCL假设、QCL指示等。波束可以通过传输配置指示状态(transmission configuration indicator state，TCI-state)参数来指示，或者通过空间关系(spatial relation)参数来指示。因此，本申请中，波束可以替换为空域滤波器，空间滤波器，空域参数，空间参数，空域设置，空间设置，QCL信息，QCL假设，QCL指示，TCI-state(包括上行TCI-state，下行TCI-state)，空间关系等。上述术语之间也相互等效。波束也可以替换为其他表示波束的术语，本申请在此不作限定。
用于发送信号的波束可以称为发送波束(transmission beam，Tx beam)，也可以称为空域发送滤波器(spatial domain transmission filter)、空间发送滤波器(spatial transmission filter)、空域发送参数(spatial domain transmission parameter)、空间发送参数(spatial transmission parameter)、空域发送设置(spatial domain transmission setting)、空间发送设置(spatial transmission setting)。下行发送波束可以通过TCI-state来指示。
用于接收信号的波束可以称为接收波束(reception beam，Rx beam)，也可以称为空域接收滤波器(spatial domain reception filter)、空间接收滤波器(spatial reception filter)、空域接收参数(spatial domain reception parameter)、空间接收参数(spatial reception parameter)、空域接收设置(spatial domain reception setting)、空间接收设置(spatial reception setting)。上行发送波束可以通过空间关系，或者上行TCI-state，或者信道探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)资源(表示使用该SRS的发送波束)来指示。因此，上行波束还可以替换为SRS资源。
发送波束可以是指信号经天线发射出去后在空间不同方向上形成的信号强度的分布，接收波束可以是指从天线上接收到的无线信号在空间不同方向上的信号强度分布。
此外，波束可以是宽波束，或者窄波束，或者其他类型的波束。形成波束的技术可以是波束赋形技术或者其他技术。波束赋形技术具体可以为数字波束赋形技术、模拟波束赋形技术、混合数字波束赋形技术、或者混合模拟波束赋形技术等。
波束与参考信号的配置信息对应。例如，在进行波束测量时，网络设备可以通过不同参考信号的质量来确定不同的波束的质量。终端设备测量参考信号，并向网络设备反馈该参考信号的质量，网络设备通过该参考信号的质量可以确定该波束的质量。关于参考信号的配置信息可以参阅后文的相关介绍。当数据传输时，波束信息也是通过其对应的参考信号的配置信息来进行指示的。例如，网络设备通过下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)中的TCI字段指示终端设备物理下行共享信道(physical downlink sharing channel，PDSCH)波束的信息。在可能实现的一种方式中，将具有相同或者类似的通信特征的多个波束视为是一个波束。
(4)参考信号的配置信息
在本申请中，参考信号可以为上行参考信号，也可以是下行参考信号。上行参考信号包括但不限于探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)，解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)。下行参考信号包括但不限于：信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information reference signal，CSI-RS)、小区专用参考信号(cell specific reference signal，CS-RS)、UE专用参考信号(user equipment specific reference signal，US-RS)、DMRS、以及同步信号/物理广播信道块(synchronization system/physical broadcast channel block，SS/PBCH block)。其中，SS/PBCH block可以简称为同步信号块(synchronization signal block，SSB)。
参考信号的配置信息可以通过RRC信令配置。在配置结构上，参考信号的配置信息对应一个数据结构，包括其对应的上行参考信号的相关参数或下行参考信号的相关参数。
例如，对于上行参考信号来说，该参考信号的配置信息包括以下至少一项：上行参考信号的类型、承载上行参考信号的资源粒(也可以称为时频资源)，上行参考信号的发送时间和周期、上行参考信号的序列信息、发送上行参考信号所采用的天线端口等。
又例如，对于下行参考信号来说，该参考信号的配置信息包括以下至少一项：下行参考信号的类型，承载下行参考信号的资源粒(也可以称为时频资源)，下行参考信号的发送时间和周期，下行参考信号的序列信息、发送下行参考信号所采用的天线端口等。
其中，参考信号的序列信息可以包括参考信号对应的序列类型。例如，该序列可以为Zadoff-Chu(ZC)序列、Gold序列等。
(5)资源
本申请中，“资源”可以理解为参考信号的配置信息中配置的用于承载参考信号的时频资源。
(6)DPD技术
如图2所示，数字预失真技术的基本原理是在功率放大前对信号进行数字预处理，提升PA输出信号的线性度。理论上，DPD函数为PA响应函数的反函数。
(7)样点和样点信息
本申请中的样点可以为参考信号在时域的采样点。
本申请中的样点信息包括样点的位置信息和样点的瞬时功率信息。示例性地，样点的位置信息可以为样点的序列位置信息。
(8)PA的非线性曲线饱和点
PA的非线性曲线饱和点为是PA的一个固有属性。在饱和点之后，随着输入功率的升高PA的输出功率几乎不再改变。
PA的非线性曲线、PA的非线性曲线饱和点可能会受外部环境的影响。该外部环境可以包括温度、湿度等。例如，PA的非线性饱和点可能会随着温度的变化而变化。
下面对本申请针对的第一个技术问题进行说明。
如图3所示，作为一种可能的方式，在对参考信号进行DPD处理前，发射机可以通过PA前信号和PA后信号获取DPD系数。其中，PA前信号可以直接在数字模块获取；在一些场景下(例如低频场景下)，发射机可通过反馈通道采集PA后信号。当发射机有多个PA时，每个PA可以具有独立的反馈通道，发射机可以对每个PA进行DPD补偿。
在本申请中，PA前信号可以理解为经PA放大之前的信号，PA后信号可以理解为经PA放大之后的信号。
随着技术的发展，在毫米波频段，发射机采用更多的天线来获取阵列增益，用以对抗高频率信号的更大传播损耗。例如，26～28GHz频段的基站设备包含的阵子数目可达数百或数千。为了避免大规模阵列导致过高的成本与功耗，基站设备可采用模拟波束成型(analog beamforming，ABF)架构，或混合波束成形(Hybrid beamforming，HBF)架构。
图4示出了ABF或HBF架构的一种形式。在ABF或HBF架构中，一个数字通道可以对应多个PA，该多个PA可以看作是并联的。在ABF或HBF架构中，如果发射机对一个数字通道的多个PA逐个进行DPD补偿，实现起来较为复杂，也较为困难。
图5示出了在ABF或HBF架构下进行预失真训练的一种方式。该方式也可以称为空口(over the air，OTA)DPD。
在该图5中，网络设备的一个数字通道可以对应一个或多个PA(图5以一个数字通道对应多个PA为例)。终端设备中的模型提取模块用于根据PA前信号和PA后信号进行预失真训练，得到DPD系数，并向网络设备反馈DPD系数。
在该图5中，如果网络设备的一个数字通道对应多个PA，则终端设备接收到的PA后信号可以看作是多路参考信号合成的一路参考信号，因此PA后信号中包含了该多个PA的非线性效应的合成，终端设备获取到的DPD系数可以用于补偿该多个PA的非线性效应，使得PA后信号(多路参考信号的合成信号)的非线性得到纠正。也就是说，如果一个数字通道对应多个PA，该多个PA可以等效为一个PA。
然而，终端设备在预失真训练，获取预失真系数的过程中，将等效PA的非线性曲线作为一个整段进行。基于这种方式，一方面预失真训练时的预失真模型阶数较大，导致算法复杂度较高；另一方面，计算得到的预失真系数的准确度不高，导致预失真性能降低。
针对上述问题，本申请提供了方法200，在该方法200中，PA的非线性曲线被分成多个区间(多 段)。第一设备以区间为粒度，确定区间的预失真系数，并向第二设备反馈区间的预失真系数。在本申请实施例中，第一设备可以为终端设备，第二设备可以为网络设备；或者，第一设备可以为网络设备，第二设备可以为终端设备。
具体地，如图6所示，该方法200包括：
S201，第一设备获取参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数。
其中，多个区间为参考信号经至少一个PA放大之前的功率区间，该多个区间的并集为第一范围。换句话说，在本申请中，该第一范围进一步被划分为多个区间。
作为一种情况，该至少一个PA为1个PA。第一范围与该1个PA的非线性曲线整段对应。
作为另一种情况，该至少一个PA为多个PA，此时，该多个PA对应同一数字通道，该多个PA可以等效为一个PA。第一范围与该多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线整段对应。
下面对第一设备在S201获取的信息进行说明。
(1)参考信号的配置信息
参考信号的配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息。可选地，该配置信息还包括以下中的一项或多项：
参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数。
其中，参考信号的时频资源信息与参考信号的天线端口信息对应。参考信号的序列信息可以包括参考信号对应的序列类型。参考信号的时频资源信息可以包括参考信号在一个时隙的时隙偏移、参考信号在一个时隙占用的符号个数、参考信号的发送周期，以及参考信号占用的频域位置。
示例性地，如图7中的(a)所示，参考信号的发送周期为3个时隙，参考信号的时隙偏移量为0个时隙；如图7中的(b)所示，参考信号的发送周期为3个时隙，参考信号的时隙偏移量为2个时隙；如图7中的(c)所示，参考信号的发送周期为4个时隙，参考信号的时隙偏移量为2个时隙。
示例性地，如图8中的(a)所示，参考信号在一个时隙中可以占用1个正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号或者离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(discrete fourier transformation spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，DFT-S-OFDM)符号；如图8中的(b)所示，参考信号在一个时隙中可以占用多个OFDM符号或DFT-S-OFDM符号。由于PA的记忆效应和输入信号的带宽强相关，参考信号在频域可以占据后续数传信号的全部信道带宽。
由于参考信号经过至少一个PA放大后，会发生频谱展宽(例如，频谱扩大3-5倍)，第一设备(例如终端设备)往往仅能得到部分带宽的PA后信号，为了提高预失真系数训练所得结果的准确性，第一设备获取参考信号的带宽信息(参考信号的原始带宽)，进而使用带限算法模型进行预失真训练。
(2)多个区间中每个区间的区间范围
在本申请中，如果上述至少一个PA为一个PA，则该一个PA的非线性曲线按照输入功率的大小被分成了多个区间；如果上述至少一个PA为多个PA，则该多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线按照输入功率的大小被分成了多个区间。
作为一种方式，该多个区间中每个区间的长度相同。如图9中的(a)所示，非线性曲线在饱和点之前被分成四个区间(四段)，每个区间的长度相同。
作为另一种方式，该多个区间中可以有至少两个区间的长度不同。如图9中的(b)所示，非线性曲线在饱和点之前被分成四个区间(四段)，每个区间的长度不同。该多个区间中每个区间的长度与非线性曲线在该区间的线性度相关联。作为一种情况，线性度的值越小，表明曲线的线性特性越好。
例如，该多个区间中包括第二区间，如果第一区间的线性度的值小于第二区间的线性度的值，则第一区间的长度大于第二区间的长度；反之，如果第一区间的线性度的值大于第二区间的线性度的值，则第一区间的长度小于第二区间的长度。
根据本申请实施例，通过上述不均匀分段可以让每个区间分布的参考信号采样点个数较多且大致相等，保证进行预失真训练的鲁棒性，提高预失真训练效果，提高计算得到的预失真系数的准确度。
可选地，非线性曲线饱和点对应的输入功率在该多个区间中。例如，上述至少一个PA为一个PA，在多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应该一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；或者，上述至少一个PA为多个PA，在该多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点 的输入功率。
根据本申请实施例，如图10所示，由于在饱和点之后PA的非线性曲线近似水平，预失真函数曲线理论上近似垂直，因此为避免第二设备(例如，网络设备)受损，防止预失真后的信号的平均功率过高，设置多个区间的端点的最大值为PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率，即，对于输入功率大于该最大值的参考信号样点不进行预失真训练。
(3)多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数
预失真模型参数包括预失真模型类型和预失真模型阶数。
其中，预失真模型类型可以为多项式模型、记忆多项式(memory polynomial，MP)模型或者广义记忆多项式(generalized memory polynomial，GMP)模型。作为一种实现，多个区间中每个区间对应的预失真模型类型相同。
预失真模型阶数包括非线性阶数、记忆深度和交叉项长度，可以分别用K、M和G表示。对于多项式模型，M＝G＝0；对于记忆多项式模型，G＝0；对于广义记忆多项式模型，K、M和G均非零。
对于模型阶数中的非线性阶数而言，可选地，作为一种情况，多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同。可选地，作为另一种情况，该多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数可以与非线性曲线在该区间的线性度相关联。
例如，该多个区间中包括第三区间，如果第一区间的线性度的值小于第三区间的线性度的值，则第一区间的非线性阶数小于第三区间的非线性阶数；反之，如果第一区间的线性度的值大于第三区间的线性度的值，则第一区间的非线性阶数大于第三区间的非线性阶数。
根据本申请实施例，将区间的线性度与区间的非线性阶数关联起来，可以降低预失真训练的算法复杂度，提高进行预失真训练的效率。
下面对第一设备获取上述信息的方式进行说明：
方式1：
第二设备向第一设备发送上述信息。相应地，第一设备接收来自第二设备的上述信息。应理解，第二设备可以通过一个或多个信令(例如，RRC信令)，向第一设备发送上述信息，本申请对此不予限制。
对于多个区间中每个区间的区间范围而言，第二设备可以向第一设备发送信息#A，该信息#A指示多个区间中每个区间的端点(也可以称为区间的边界)。
示例性地，该信息#A包括每个端点的值；或者，信息#A包括多个端点中的第一个端点(起始端点)的值，以及每个区间的区间长度。
示例性地，如果多个区间中每个区间的长度相同，该信息#A中可以仅包括区间的个数。第一设备可以根据区间的个数，以及预配置在第一设备的多个端点中第一个端点的值和多个端点中最后一个端点的值，确定每个区间的区间范围。
示例性地，该信息#A中可以包括多个区间中每个区间的长度信息。第一设备可以根据每个区间的长度，以及预配置在第一设备的多个端点中第一个端点的值，确定每个区间的区间范围。
方式2：
上述信息为协议中规定的。
S202，第一设备根据参考信号的配置信息，得到第一参考信号。
或者说，第一设备根据参考信号的配置信息，重构第一参考信号。
重构的参考信号为经上述至少一个PA放大之前的信号，因此属于“PA前信号”。图11示出了PA前信号的多个采样点，也就是说，第一参考信号可以包括多个采样点。
应理解，第一设备根据参考信号的配置信息重构第一参考信号(重构PA前信号)，并不意味着第一设备必须根据参考信号的配置信息中的全部信息重构第一参考信号。示例性地，第一设备可以根据参考信号的配置信息中的部分信息重构第一参考信号。
作为一种方式，第一设备可以根据参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，重构第一参考信号。示例性地，该过程可以包括以下步骤：
步骤1：第一设备根据参考信号的序列信息确定参考信号的生成序列。
示例性地，该生成序列可以为Zadoff-Chu(ZC)或者Gold等序列的一段已知参考序列。
步骤2：第一设备根据参考信号的时频资源信息进行子载波映射。
步骤3：第一设备对上述资源映射后的信号进行快速傅里叶逆变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)。
步骤4：第一设备对OFDM(或DFT-s-OFDM)信号进行上采样。
可选地，步骤5：第一设备根据滤波器参数对上述上采样后的信号进行处理。该滤波器参数为第二设备对参考信号进行滤波时采用的滤波器参数。
通过上述步骤，第一设备可以重构第一参考信号。
S203，第二设备基于上述至少一个PA对第一参考信号进行功率放大处理。其中，第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应至少一路参考信号。
或者说，第一参考信号包括多个参考信号，该多个参考信号中的每个参考信号经功率放大处理后对应至少一路参考信号。
示例性地，如果该至少一个PA为1个PA，则第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应一路参考信号。
示例性地，如果该至少一个PA为多个PA，则第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应多路参考信号。应理解，该多个PA与多路参考信号之间是一一对应的。例如，第二设备基于5个PA对第一参考信号进行功率放大处理，则第一参考信号经功率放大后对应5路参考信号。
S204，第二设备向第一设备发送S203中第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应的至少一路参考信号。相应地，第一设备接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第二参考信号。
具体而言，第一设备可以根据S201中获取的参考信号的配置信息，接收参考信号。
其中，第一设备得到的第二参考信号为经上述至少一个PA放大之后的一路参考信号。第二参考信号属于“PA后信号”。
作为一种可能的情况，如果上述至少一个PA为1个PA，则第一设备得到的第二参考信号为该1个PA放大之后的一路参考信号。
作为另一种可能的情况，如果上述至少一个PA为多个PA，则第一设备得到的第二参考信号为经该多个PA放大之后的多路参考信号合成的一路参考信号。
应理解，第一设备根据参考信号的配置信息接收参考信号(PA后信号)，并不意味着第一设备必须根据参考信号的配置信息中的全部信息接收参考信号。示例性地，第一设备可以根据参考信号的配置信息中的部分信息接收参考信号。
例如，第一设备可以根据S201中获取的参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的天线端口信息，接收该参考信号。
此外，本申请对第一设备重构PA前信号与接收PA后信号的顺序不作限定。作为一种情况，第一设备可以先重构PA前信号，然后接收PA后信号；作为另一种情况，第一设备可以先接收PA后信号，然后重构PA前信号；作为另一种情况，重构PA前信号与接收PA后信号可以同步进行。
S205，第一设备根据第一区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号，确定第一区间的预失真系数。
下面对该过程进行详细说明。
步骤1：第一设备根据第一参考信号获取第一样点信息，第一样点信息为属于第一区间的样点信息。
具体而言，第一设备可以根据S201中获取的多个区间中每个区间的区间范围，确定第一参考信号所包括的多个样点中每个样点所属的区间。也就是说，第一设备可以确定PA前信号的采样点的瞬时功率，并根据采样点的瞬时功率确定采样点所属的区间。
从而，第一设备可以获取第一样点信息。如图11所示，位于第一区间的多个采样点在时域上可以是不连续的。
步骤2：第一设备根据第二参考信号获取第二样点信息，第二样点信息为和第一样点信息对应的样点信息。
应理解，第一设备可以确定PA前信号的多个采样点中位于第一区间的采样点，进一步地，根据第一区间的PA前信号采样点的位置信息(例如，序列位置信息)，从S204得到的第二参考信号中确定相对应的PA后信号的多个采样点。
例如，第一参考信号中有3个采样点位于第一区间内(分别记为采样点#1至采样点#3)，第一设备可以分别根据采样点#1至采样点#3的序列位置信息，从第二参考信号中确定采样点#A至采样点#C。其中，采样点#A与采样点#1对应，采样点#B与采样点#2对应，采样点#C与采样点#3对应。在该示例中，第一样点信息对应采样点#1至采样点#3，第二样点信息对应采样点#A至采样点#C。
应理解，第一参考信号包括的采样点与第二参考信号包括的采样点是一一对应的关系。
步骤3：第一设备根据第一区间的预失真模型参数、第一样点信息和第二样点信息，确定第一区间的预失真系数。示例性地，在本申请实施例中，可以基于间接学习结构来计算预失真系数。
下面对第一设备进行预失真训练，确定第一区间的预失真系数的过程进行说明，应理解，第一设备确定多个区间中其他区间的预失真系数的方式与此类似。
假设，第一样点信息对应NS个采样点，记为xs＝[xs(0),xs(1),……,xs(NS-1)]T。其中，将该Ns个采样点在第一参考信号包括的多个采样点中的相对位置记为ls＝[ls(0),ls(1),……,ls(NS-1)]T。进一步地，第一设备根据该相对位置可以在第二参考信号中确定NS个采样点，记为rs＝[rs(0),rs(1),……,rs(NS-1)]T。进行预失真训练所采用的预失真模型为MP模型。
由于功放的前逆模型等效为功放的后逆模型，因此可以得到式(1)：
n的取值为0到NS-1。
其中，ks为第一区间的最高非线性阶数，M为第一区间的记忆深度，为待估计的预失真系数，k的取值为1至ks的整数，m的取值为0至M-1的整数，s的取值与第一区间在多个区间中的位置相关。例如，第一区间为多个区间按从小到大排序之后的第二个区间，则s的取值为2。
此外，式1中的称之为多项式基函数。
即，
将rs中的多项式基函数写成矩阵形式可以得到式(2)：
φk,m(rs)＝[|rs(0-m)|k-1rs(0-m),|rs(1-m)|k-1rs(1-m),···,|rs(Ns-1-m)|k-1rs(Ns-1-m)]T
基于最小二乘法，或者最小均方，或者递归最小二乘等算法，可以得到第一区间的预失真系数的估计值。
其中，基于最小二乘法得到的第一区间的预失真系数估计值可以参见下式：
类似地，第一设备可以确定多个区间中其他区间的预失真系数，具体过程可以参考上述步骤1至步骤3，在此不再赘述。
例如，第一设备可以根据多个区间中的第二区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号，确定第二区间的预失真系数；第一设备可以根据多个区间中的第三区间的预失真模型参数、第一参考信号和第二参考信号，确定第三区间的预失真系数。
以第一区间对应图9中(a)的第二段，第一区间的最高非线性阶数ks＝3，记忆深度M＝4为例，第一设备确定的第一区间的预失真系数可以如表1所示。
以第二区间对应图9中(a)的第一段，第二区间的最高非线性阶数为2，记忆深度M＝4，则第一设备确定的第二区间的预失真系数如表2所示。
以第三区间对应图9中(a)的第三段，第三区间的最高非线性阶数为5，记忆深度M＝4，则第一设备确定的第三区间的预失真系数如表3所示。
表1
表2
表3
S206，第一设备向第二设备发送第一区间的预失真系数。
类似地，第一设备可以向第二设备发送多个区间中其他区间的预失真系数。
可选地，作为一种方式，第一设备可以将确定出来的区间的预失真系数全部发送给第二设备。
例如，第一设备可以向第二设备发送上述表1、表2和表3中的全部内容。
可选地，作为另一种方式，由于奇数次项的预失真系数能对预失真模型进行很好的拟合，第一设备可以仅向第二设备上报非线性阶数为奇数的预失真系数。第二设备仅根据非线性阶数为奇数的预失真系数即可进行预失真处理。基于这种上报方式可以减小第一设备的上报开销。
以上述表1、表2和表3为例，第一设备可以向第二设备上报表1中的第一行和第三行(参见下表1-1)，向第二设备上报表2中的第一行(参见下表2-1)，向第二设备上报表3中的第一行、第三行和第五行(参见下表3-1)。
表1-1
表2-1
表3-1
S207，第二设备根据第一区间的预失真系数，对第五参考信号进行预失真处理。
第五参考信号的功率在第一区间，第五参考信号为经上述至少一个PA放大之前的信号，第五参考信号属于“PA前信号”。
作为一种方式，第二设备可以对PA前信号进行瞬时功率检测，确定PA前信号的瞬时功率，并根据PA前信号的瞬时功率，选择对应的预失真系数进行预失真处理。
例如，输入DPD模块的信号为ts(n)，输出DPD模块的信号为xs(n)，进行预失真处理采用的模 型为MP模型，则其中，为基于ts(n)的功率确定的预失真系数。
如图12所示，第一设备的信号重构(signal reconstruction)模块用于重构PA前信号；功率提取(power extraction)模块用于确定重构的PA前信号的功率；模型提取(model extraction)模块用于根据PA前信号和PA后信号确定DPD系数，并向第二设备反馈DPD系数。第二设备的功率提取模块用于对PA前信号进行功率检测，DPD模块用于对PA前信号进行预失真处理。
在图12中，PA的非线性曲线被分成三段。示例性地，第一设备的模型提取模块#3用于根据第三段的PA前信号和第三段的PA后信号(即，第三段的PA前信号对应的PA后信号)，确定第三段的DPD系数，并将第三段的DPD系数反馈至第二设备。后续，第二设备的功率提取模块可以确定PA前信号的功率，如果PA前信号的功率在第三段对应的区间，则将PA前信号输入到DPD模块#3，由DPD模块#3根据第三段的DPD系数对PA前信号进行预失真处理。
由上述对方法200的描述可知，相比于第一设备向第二设备发送PA的非线性曲线整段的预失真系数，根据本申请实施例，PA的非线性曲线按照输入功率的大小被分成多个区间(多段)，第一设备可以以区间为粒度，确定并向第二设备发送多个区间的预失真系数，一方面可以降低第一设备进行预失真训练的算法复杂度，另一方面也可以提高第一设备计算出的预失真系数的准确度，提高第二设备对参考信号进行预失真处理的性能。
此外，可选地，第二设备可能具有多个数字通道，当第一设备对多个数字通道中的第一数字通道进行预失真训练时，第二设备可以关闭与第一数字通道相邻的数字通道，示例性地，第二设备可以关闭除第一数字通道之外的其余数字通道，从而避免数字通道之间的相互干扰，提高训练性能。
下面对本申请针对的第二个技术问题进行说明。
在本申请中，一个数字通道可以对应多个PA(例如，PA#a和PA#b)，PA#a和PA#b的等效PA记为PA#1。如图13所示，PA#1的非线性曲线饱和点与PA#a的非线性曲线饱和点可能不同，PA#1的非线性曲线饱和点与PA#b的非线性曲线饱和点可能也不同。如果基于PA#a或者PA#b的非线性曲线饱和点进行预失真训练，会降低得到的预失真系数的准确度。
针对该技术问题，本申请提供了方法300，在该方法300中PA#1为多个PA的等效PA，该方法300用于确定该等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
具体地，如图14所示，该方法300包括：
S301，第一设备获取参考信号的第二配置信息和功率放大模型参数。
关于该参考信号的第二配置信息中所包括的信息类型可以参考S201的描述。应理解，第一设备在S201中获取的参考信号的配置信息与在S301获取的参考信号的第二配置信息可以是不同的信息。
参考信号的第二配置信息包括参考信号的第二时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息。可选地，参考信号的第二配置信息还包括以下中的一项或多项：参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数。
功率放大模型参数包括功率放大模型类型和功率放大模型阶数。
其中，功率放大模型类型可以为多项式模型、MP模型或者GMP模型。功率放大模型阶数包括非线性阶数、记忆深度和交叉项长度，可以分别用K、M和G表示。
此外，关于第一设备获取参考信号的第二配置信息和功率放大模型参数的方式可以参考S201，在此不再赘述。
S302，第一设备根据参考信号的第二配置信息，得到第三参考信号。
或者说，第一设备根据参考信号的第二配置信息，重构第三参考信号。
第三参考信号为经上述多个PA放大之前的信号，因此第三参考信号属于“PA前信号”。
作为一种方式，第一设备可以根据第二配置信息中的部分信息重构第三参考信号。例如，第一设备可以根据参考信号的序列信息和参考信号的第二资源信息，重构第三参考信号。该过程可以参考S202中的步骤1至步骤5。
S303，第二设备基于多个PA对第三参考信号进行功率放大处理。其中，第三参考信号经功率放大后对应多路参考信号。
应理解，该多个PA与多路参考信号之间是一一对应的。例如，第二设备基于5个PA对第三参考信号进行功率放大处理，则第三参考信号经功率放大后对应5路参考信号。
可选地，第二设备不对第三参考信号进行CFR处理。示例性地，CFR模块与其他模块之间的关系可以参考图15。
根据本申请实施例，第二设备不对第三参考信号进行CFR处理可以使得参考信号的功率更容易达到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点所对应的功率，进而提高第一设备成功检测到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的概率。
S304，第二设备向第一设备发送S303中第三参考信号经功率放大后对应的参考信号。相应地，第一设备接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第四参考信号。
应理解，该第四参考信号为该多路参考信号合成的一路参考信号。换句话说，第四参考信号为第三参考信号经多个PA放大之后的一路信号。第四参考信号属于“PA后信号”。
作为一种方式，第一设备可以根据第二配置信息中的部分信息得到第四参考信号。例如，第一设备可以根据S301中获取的参考信号的第二时频资源和参考信号的天线端口信息，得到该第四参考信号。
S305，第一设备根据功率放大模型参数、第三参考信号和第四参考信号，确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
下面分情况对S305进行说明：
情况1：
第一设备可以根据第三参考信号和第四参考信号直接确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
情况2：
由于第四参考信号可能受到噪声或多径的影响，直接由第三参考信号和第四参考信号确定的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点可能是不准确的，因此为了降低噪声和多径对计算结果的影响，本申请提出了下述方式。
具体而言，第一设备可以根据功率放大模型参数、第三参考信号和第四参考信号对PA模型进行训练，获取等效PA的模型系数(或者也可以称为PA系数、功率放大系数等)。进一步地，第一设备根据等效PA的模型系数和第三参考信号，确定第四参考信号#2。进一步地，第一设备根据第三参考信号和第四参考信号#2确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
应理解，第四参考信号#2相比于第四参考信号，噪声和多径的影响较低。
下面对第一设备计算等效PA的模型系数的过程进行说明。
由于训练PA模型时，第一设备未知等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点，作为一种方式，第一设备可以基于单段模型计算PA系数。
假设：功率放大模型类型为MP模型，第三参考信号包括N个采样点，记为x＝[x(0),x(1),……,x(N-1)]T，相应地，第四参考信号也包括N个采样点，记为记忆深度为M，最高非线性阶数为K。其中，第三参考信号包括的采样点与第四参考信号包括的采样点之间是一一对应的。
x(n)与之间的关系如式3所示：
其中n的取值为0至N-1。
基于最小二乘法，或者最小均方，或者递归最小二乘等算法，可以得到等效PA的模型系数的估计值。其中，基于最小二乘法得到的等效PA的模型系数的估计值如式4所示：
其中，W为第三参考信号的基函数组成的矩阵。即：
W＝[φ1,0(x),φ2,0(x),···,φk,m(x),···φK,M-1(x)]
φk,m(x)＝[|x(0-m)|k-1x(0-m),|x(1-m)|k-1x(1-m),···,|x(N-1-m)|k-1x(N-1-m)]T
以最高非线性阶数K＝3，记忆深度M＝3为例，等效PA的模型系数可以如表4所示。其中，bk,m的含义为非线性阶数为k、记忆深度为m对应的模型系数。例如，b1,0的含义为非线性阶数为1、记忆深度为0对应的模型系数。
表4
基于上述情况2的方法确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点，可以降低噪声和多径对计算结果的影响，从而提高了计算结果的准确度。
此外，可选地，在上述情况1和情况2中，当第一设备未检测到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点时，第一设备可以向第二设备发送第二信息，该第二信息指示提高经上述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。相应地，第二设备根据第二信息提高经该多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。作为一种方式，PA前信号的功率的增大量(增幅)可以是协议中规定的。
S306，第一设备向第二设备发送第一信息。相应地，第二设备接收第一信息。
示例性地，该第一信息可以承载于上行控制信息(uplink control information，UCI)，或者RRC信令中。
该第一信息中包括等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。例如，该第一信息中包括等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的瞬时输入功率。
可选地，在S305中，第一设备在计算出等效PA的模型系数之后，可以不继续确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。第一设备可以向第二设备发送第一信息，此时该第一信息包括等效PA的模型系数。在该情况中，第二设备可以根据估计得到的等效PA的模型系数和第三参考信号，确定第四参考信号#2。进一步地，第二设备根据第三参考信号和第四参考信号#2确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
根据本申请实施例，考虑到等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点可能与该多个PA的非线性曲线饱和点不同，因此可以由第一设备确定等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点，并向第二设备发送第一信息。基于此，一方面可以使后续多个区间的划分更加准确，另一方面提高第二设备对参考信号进行预失真处理的性能。
应理解，上述方法300可以单独存在，也可以与方法200相互结合(例如，在S306之后可以继续执行S201至S207)，本申请对此不予限制。
此外，如图16所示，方法200中的第一设备和方法300中的第一设备可以是同一个设备，也可以是不同的设备。换句话说，饱和点检测和预失真训练可以由同一个设备完成，也可以由不同的设备完成，本申请对此不作限定。
根据前述方法，图17为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置，该通信装置包括收发单元1701和处理单元1702。
其中，收发单元1701可以用于实现相应的信息收发功能。收发单元1701还可以称为通信接口或通信单元。处理单元1702可以用于进行处理操作。
示例性地，该装置还包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令和/或数据，处理单元1702可以读取存储单元中的指令和/或数据，以使得装置实现前述各个方法实施例中的装置的动作。
作为第一种实现方式，该装置可以是前述实施例中的第一设备，也可以是第一设备的组成部件(如芯片)。其中，收发单元和处理单元，可以用于实现上文各个方法实施例中第一设备的相关操作。示例性地，收发单元用于实现S201、S204和S206，或者用于实现S301、S304和S306。示例性地，处理单元用于实现S202和S205，或者用于实现S302。
作为第二种实现方式，该装置可以是前述实施例中的第二设备，也可以是第二设备的组成部件(如芯片)。其中，收发单元和处理单元，可以用于实现上文各个方法实施例中第二设备的相关操作。示例性地，收发单元用于实现S204和S206，或者用于实现S304和S306。示例性地，处理单元用于实现 S203和S207，或者用于实现S303。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述各方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，这里的装置以功能单元的形式体现。这里的术语“单元”可以指应用特有集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、用于执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器(例如共享处理器、专有处理器或组处理器等)和存储器、合并逻辑电路和/或其它支持所描述的功能的合适组件。
上述通信装置具有实现上述方法中的装置所执行的相应步骤的功能。功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块；例如收发单元可以由收发机替代(例如，收发单元中的发送单元可以由发送机替代，收发单元中的接收单元可以由接收机替代)，其它单元，如处理单元等可以由处理器替代，分别执行各个方法实施例中的收发操作以及相关的处理操作。
此外，上述收发单元1701还可以是收发电路(例如可以包括接收电路和发送电路)，处理单元可以是处理电路。
应理解，图17中的装置可以是前述方法实施例中的装置，也可以是芯片或者芯片系统，例如：片上系统(system on chip，SoC)。其中，收发单元可以是输入输出电路、通信接口；处理单元为该芯片上集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。在此不做限定。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，如图18所示，包括：处理器1801和通信接口1802。处理器1801用于执行存储器1803存储的计算机程序或指令，或读取存储器1803存储的数据，以执行上文各方法实施例中的方法。示例性地，处理器1801为一个或多个。通信接口1802用于信号的接收和/或发送。例如，处理器1801用于控制通信接口1802进行信号的接收和/或发送。
示例性地，如图18所示，该通信装置还可以包括存储器1803，存储器1803用于存储计算机程序或指令和/或数据。该存储器1803可以与处理器1801集成在一起，或者也可以分离设置。当然，该通信装置还可以不包括存储器1803，存储器1803设置在该通信装置之外。示例性地，存储器1803可以为一个或多个。
示例性地，处理器1801、通信接口1802以及存储器1803通过总线1804相互连接；总线1804可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。上述总线1804可以分为地址总线、数据总线和控制总线等。为便于表示，图18中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
例如，处理器1801用于执行存储器1803存储的计算机程序或指令。
作为第一种实现方式，该装置可以是前述实施例中的第一设备，也可以是第一设备的组成部件(如芯片)。其中，通信接口和处理器，可以用于实现上文各个方法实施例中第一设备的相关操作。示例性地，通信接口用于实现S201、S204和S206，或者用于实现S301、S304和S306。示例性地，处理器用于实现S202和S205，或者用于实现S302。
作为第二种实现方式，该装置可以是前述实施例中的第二设备，也可以是第二设备的组成部件(如芯片)。其中，通信接口和处理器，可以用于实现上文各个方法实施例中第二设备的相关操作。示例性地，通信接口用于实现S204和S206，或者用于实现S304和S306。示例性地，处理器用于实现S203和S207，或者用于实现S303。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器(如处理器1801)可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)，或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是ASIC，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器(如存储器1803)可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存 储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序，当计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例中任一种可能的实现。
本申请的技术方案或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来。因此，本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述方法实施例中任一种可能的实现。该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。
而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请的各个实施例中的内容可以相互参考，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，第一设备和/或第二设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例中，还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一设备获取参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数，所述多个区间为参考信号的功率区间；
    所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，得到第一参考信号；
    所述第一设备接收来自第二设备的参考信号，得到第二参考信号；
    所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，得到所述第一参考信号，包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述配置信息，重构所述第一参考信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述第一区间的预失真系数。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第二区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第二区间的预失真系数。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一设备根据所述第一区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第一参考信号获取第一样点信息，所述第一样点信息为属于所述第一区间的样点信息；
    所述第一设备根据所述第二参考信号获取第二样点信息，所述第二样点信息为和所述第一样点信息对应的样点信息；
    所述第一设备根据所述多个区间中的第一区间的预失真模型参数、所述第一样点信息和所述第二样点信息，确定所述第一区间的预失真系数。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，以及以下中的一项或多项：
    参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数；
    其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二参考信号为经至少一个PA放大后的一路信号；
    当所述至少一个PA为一个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点；
    当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，
    所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；
    所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第二参考信号为经多个PA放大后的一路信号时，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备获取参考信号的第二配置信息和功率放大模型参数
    所述第一设备根据所述第二配置信息，得到第三参考信号，
    所述第一设备接收来自所述第二设备的参考信号，得到第四参考信号；
    所述第一设备根据所述功率放大模型参数、所述第三参考信号和所述第四参考信号，确定所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点；
    所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述第一设备未检测到所述等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点时，所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二设备基于至少一个功率放大器PA对第一参考信号进行功率放大处理；
    所述第二设备向第一设备发送所述第一参考信号经功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；
    所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第一区间的预失真系数；
    所述第二设备根据所述第一区间的预失真系数，对第五参考信号进行预失真处理，所述第五参考信号的功率在所述第一区间，所述第五参考信号为经功率放大之前的信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送参考信号的配置信息、多个区间中每个区间的区间范围和所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数；
    其中，所述配置信息包括参考信号的时频资源信息和参考信号的序列信息，所述多个区间包括所述第一区间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括以下中的一项或多项：
    参考信号的类型信息、参考信号的天线端口信息、参考信号的带宽信息、滤波器参数；
    其中，所述时频资源信息和所述天线端口信息是对应的。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述多个区间中每个区间的长度相同；或者，
    所述多个区间中包括第二区间，所述第一区间的长度与所述第二区间的长度不同。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述至少一个PA为一个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述一个PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率；或者，
    所述至少一个PA为多个PA，在所述多个区间中，区间端点的最大值对应所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的输入功率。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述多个区间中每个区间的预失真模型参数包括非线性阶数；
    所述多个区间中每个区间的非线性阶数相同；或者，所述多个区间中包括第三区间，所述第一区间的非线性阶数与所述第三区间的非线性阶数不同。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述至少一个PA为多个PA时，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送参考信号的第二配置信息和PA模型参数；
    所述第二设备基于所述多个PA对第三参考信号进行功率放大处理；
    所述第二设备向所述第一设备发送所述第三参考信号进行功率放大处理后对应的参考信号；
    所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述多个PA的等效PA的非线性曲线饱和点的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二设备不对所述第三参考信号进行波峰因子降低CFR处理。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二设备接收来自所述第一设备的第二信息，所述第二信息指示提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率；
    所述第二设备根据所述第二信息，提高经所述多个PA放大前的参考信号的功率。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行权利要求1-20中任一项方法的单元。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于输出和/或输入信号，所述处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法；或者，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求12-20中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括所述存储器。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的方法；或者，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求12-20中任意一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包含指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的方法；或者，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求12-20中任意一项所述的方法。
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